Sophia of Hanover
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Sophia was Electress of Hanover from 1692 to 1698 as the consort of Prince-Elector Ernest Augustus. She was later the heiress presumptive to the thrones of England, and Ireland under the Act of Settle
Portrait by Gerard van Honthorst, 1650
Portrait of Sophie, Princess Palatine, by Gerard van Honthorst c. 1641
Sophia, dressed as an Indigenous Brazilian, wearing a Tupinambá cape. Painted c. 1644 by her sister, Louise Hollandine of the Palatinate
Electress Sophia and her daughter
Frederick V was the Elector Palatine of the Rhine in the Holy Roman Empire from 1610 to 1623, and reigned as King of Bohemia from 1619 to 1620. He was forced to abdicate both roles, and the brevity of
Sophia of Hanover
…to the throne has since been composed entirely of, and legally defined as, Sophia's legitimate Protestant descendants. Sophia was born in The Hague to Frederick V, formerly Elector Palatine and King of Bohemia, and Elizabeth Stuart, daughter of King James VI and I. She grew up in the Dutch Republic, where her…
Portrait by Michiel Jansz. van Mierevelt, c. 1630
Portrait of Frederick by Michiel Jansz. van Mierevelt, 1613
Elizabeth Stuart in 1613, later Queen of Bohemia, called the Winter Queen
Heidelberg Castle and the Hortus Palatinus commissioned by Frederick, and designed by English architect Inigo Jones (1573–1652) and French engineer Salomon de Caus (1576–1626), painting by Jacques Fouquier