South African Class 25 4-8-4
The South African Railways Class 25 4-8-4 of 1953 was a condensing steam locomotive.
3511 at Hartswater, 24 April 1981
L.C. Grubb
25 3451 Builders Plate
Class 25 3496 Builders Plate
Condensing steam locomotive
A condensing steam locomotive is a type of locomotive designed to recover exhaust steam, either in order to improve range between taking on boiler water, or to reduce emission of steam inside enclosed spaces. The apparatus takes the exhaust steam that would normally be used to produce a draft for the firebox, and routes it through a heat exchanger, into the boiler water tanks. Installations vary depending on the purpose, design and the type of locomotive to which it is fitted. It differs from the usual closed cycle condensing steam engine, in that the function of the condenser is primarily either to recover water, or to avoid excessive emissions to the atmosphere, rather than maintaining a vacuum to improve both efficiency and power.
Mersey Railway locomotive Cecil Raikes, showing the prominent exhaust pipes leading back to the water tanks
Metropolitan Railway A Class. Note the large valves in the steam return pipes, switching between condensing and non-condensing modes.
South African Class 25 Note the extremely large tender, with side louvres to cool the condensers
South African Class 25