South Asia is the southern subregion of Asia that is defined in both geographical and ethnic-cultural terms. South Asia, with a population of 2.04 billion, contains a quarter of the world's population
The region as described in a 1992 work about the geography of Asia: "This greater India is well defined in terms of topography; it is the Indian peninsula, hemmed in by the Himalayas on the north, the Hindu Khush in the west and the Arakanese in the east."
Timur defeats the Sultan of Delhi, Nasir-u Din Mehmud, in the winter of 1397–1398
Emperor Shah Jahan and his son Prince Aurangzeb in Mughal court, 1650
British Indian Empire in 1909. British India is shaded pink, the princely states are shaded yellow.
The Himalayas, or Himalaya, is a mountain range in Asia separating the plains of the Indian subcontinent from the Tibetan Plateau. The range has some of the Earth's highest peaks, including the highes
Mount Everest and surrounding peaks as seen from the north-northwest over the Tibetan Plateau. Four eight-thousanders can be seen, Makalu (8,462 m), Everest (8,848 m), Cho Oyu (8,201 m), and Lhotse (8,516 m).
Panoramic view of the Himalayas from Poon Hill in Nepal during sunrise, showing the Dhaulagiri massif (left, shining with alpenglow) and the Annapurna massif (right, with the sun rising from behind). Dhaulagiri and Annapurna, the highest peaks of these massifs, are respectively the seventh and tenth highest mountains in the world, and are two of the world's fourteen eight-thousanders.
Panorama of the Garhwal and Kumaon Himalayas from Ranikhet, India, showing peaks such as Trisul, Nanda Devi, Nanda Kot and Panchachuli. Nanda Devi is the highest mountain located entirely within India's borders, and the second highest mountain in India after Kangchenjunga (which is the world's third highest and is located along the Indo-Nepalese border).
The movement of the Indian plate toward the Eurasian plate starting 71 million years ago at the average speed of 5–15 centimetres (2.0–5.9 in) per year, which closed the Neo-Tethys Ocean above and opened the Indian Ocean below