Sovereign is a title that can be applied to the highest leader in various categories. The word is borrowed from Old French souverain, which is ultimately derived from the Latin superānus, meaning 'above'.
Queen Elizabeth II was the sovereign of 32 independent realms over the course of her reign, with her role in each realm separate and legally distinct.
Margrethe II is a member of the Danish royal family who reigned as Queen of Denmark from 14 January 1972 until her abdication on 14 January 2024. Having reigned for exactly 52 years, she was the second-longest reigning Danish monarch after Christian IV.
Margrethe II in 2012
Margrethe (left) with her parents and sisters, 1954
Princess Margrethe in August 1966
Margrethe and Henri in 1966