The Spanish Road was a military road and trade route linking Spanish territories in Flanders with those in Italy. It was in use from approximately 1567 to 1648.
Fort Fuentes, built by the Spanish to intimidate the Three Leagues into reopening the eastern route through the Valtellina.
The Battle of the Downs. The closure of the Spanish Road obliged Spain to send reinforcements to the Low Countries by sea instead.
The Franco-Spanish War, May 1635 to November 1659, was fought between France and Spain, each supported by various allies at different points. It consists of two distinct phases, the first from May 163
Louis XIII, King of France from 1610 to 1643
Philip IV of Spain, ruler from 1621 to 1665
The Battle of Rocroi in 1643 can be seen as the end of the battlefield supremacy of the tercios.
The Spanish retake Naples, April 1648