A spear is a polearm consisting of a shaft, usually of wood, with a pointed head. The head may be simply the sharpened end of the shaft itself, as is the case with fire hardened spears, or it may be m
The Clacton Spear, a spear point from about 400,000 years ago, and the oldest known spear, Natural History Museum, London
The Schöningen spears c. 300-200,000 years old, the oldest known complete wooden spears
The Lehringen spear c. 120,000 years old, which was associated with an elephant skeleton
Athenian warrior wielding a spear in battle
A pike is a long thrusting spear formerly used in European warfare from the Late Middle Ages and most of the early modern period, and wielded by foot soldiers deployed in pike square formation, until
Spear
…without barbs. Spears can be divided into two broad categories: those designed for thrusting as a melee weapon (including weapons such as lances and pikes) and those designed for throwing as a ranged weapon (usually referred to as javelins). Spears have been used by humans for at least 400,000 years as…
A modern recreation of a mid-17th century company of pikemen in Memmingen, Germany. By that period, pikemen would primarily defend their unit's musketeers from enemy cavalry.
Re-enactment during the 2009 Escalade in Geneva.
First rank with pikes at "charge for horse" static defensive posture, ready to draw swords if needed. Second rank holding their pikes at "charge" for delivering thrusts.
First rank with pikes at "charge" (their points projecting forward from the formation front), second rank holding pikes at "port" (upward to avoid injuring front rank friendlies with their points). In real action first 3 – 4 ranks will hold their pikes at "charge", and those behind will hold weapons at "port".