1.
Rockville, Maryland
–
Rockville is a city located in the central region of Montgomery County, Maryland. It is the county seat and is an incorporated city of Montgomery County. The 2010 census tabulated Rockvilles population at 61,209, making it the third largest incorporated city in Maryland, behind Baltimore, Rockville is the largest incorporated city in Montgomery County, Maryland, although the nearby census-designated place of Germantown is more populous. The city also has several upscale regional shopping centers and is one of the major hubs in Montgomery County. Situated in the Piedmont region and crossed by three creeks, Rockville provided an excellent refuge for semi-nomadic Native Americans as early as 8000 BC. By the first millennium BC, a few of these groups had settled down into year-round agricultural communities that exploited the native flora, including sunflowers and marsh elder. By AD1200, these groups were increasingly drawn into conflict with the Senecas and Susquehannocks who had migrated south from Pennsylvania. Within the present-day boundaries of the city, six sites have been uncovered and documented. By the year 1700, under pressure from European colonists, the majority of original inhabitants had been driven away. The indigenous population carved a path on the ground, known as Sinequa Trail. Later, the Maryland Assembly set the standard of 20 feet for main thoroughfares, in the mid-18th century, Lawrence Owen opened a small inn on the road. The location of the road, near the present Rockville Pike, was located on higher ground making it dry year-round. The first land patents in the Rockville area were obtained by Arthur Nelson between 1717 and 1735, within three decades, the first permanent buildings in what would become the center of Rockville were established on this land. Being a small, unincorporated town, early Rockville was known by a variety of names, including Owens Ordinary, Hungerfords Tavern, the first recorded mention of the settlement which would later become known as Rockville dates to the Braddock Expedition in 1755. Owens Ordinary was a small rest stop on Rock Creek Main Road, which stretched from George Town to Frederick Town, the southern portion of the county, of which Rockville was a part, was named Montgomery County. The most populous and prosperous urban center in this new county was George Town, Rockville, a small, but centrally located and well-traveled town, was chosen as the seat of the countys government. At the time, Rockville did not have a name, it was generally called Hungerfords Tavern, after being named the county seat, the village was referred to by all as Montgomery Court House. The tavern served as the county courthouse, and it held its first such proceedings on May 20,1777, in 1784, William Prather Williams, a local landowner, hired a surveyor to lay out much of the town
Rockville, Maryland
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Downtown Rockville in 2001, the Montgomery County Judicial Center in 2010, the Rockville Town Square in 2010, the Beall-Dawson House in 2005, and downtown Rockville in 2008.
Rockville, Maryland
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The Rockville Town Center in January 2006
Rockville, Maryland
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The Beall-Dawson House, on West Montgomery Avenue near Rockville Town Center in January 2005. Built in 1815, the home was owned by Upton Beall, Clerk of the Montgomery County Court.
Rockville, Maryland
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A stone marker on the corner of Vinson Street and Maryland Avenue in May 2010. It was originally placed there in 1803 when Rockville's streets were laid out. "BR" stands for "Beginning of Rockville".
2.
Sofia Coppola
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Sofia Carmina Coppola is an American screenwriter, director, producer and actress. In 2003, she received the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay for the comedy-drama Lost in Translation, in 2010, with the drama Somewhere, she became the first American woman to win the Golden Lion, the top prize at the Venice Film Festival. Her father is director, producer and screenwriter Francis Ford Coppola, sofia Coppola was born in New York City, New York, the youngest child and only daughter of set decorator/artist Eleanor Coppola and director Francis Ford Coppola. Her father is of Italian descent, at fifteen, she interned with Chanel. Coppola is a 1989 graduate of St. Helena High School and she later attended Mills College and the California Institute of the Arts. After dropping out of college, Coppola started a line called Milkfed. Coppolas acting career, marked by frequent criticisms of nepotism, began while she was an infant, the best known of these early roles is her appearance in The Godfather as the infant Michael Francis Rizzi in the baptism scene. Coppola responded to a question about her role in The Godfather Part III in a 2013 interview, I didnt really think about the public aspect of it. People felt very attached to the Godfather films, I grew up with them being no big deal. I mean, I understand theyre great films but and it makes sense that people would have an opinion about it but I got a lot of attention I wasnt expecting. I was going to art school anyway so I was able to get back to what I was doing and it was before the Internet so magazines would come out but then the next month they were gone. There wasnt even as much paparazzi around then and she has since been quoted as saying that she was not hurt by the criticism from her role in The Godfather Part III, because she never especially wanted an acting career. Coppolas first short film was Lick the Star and it played many times on the Independent Film Channel. She made her film directing debut with The Virgin Suicides. It received critical acclaim upon its premiere in North America at the 2000 Sundance Film Festival and was released later that year and her second feature was Lost in Translation. Coppola won the Academy Award for her screenplay and three Golden Globe Awards including Best Picture Musical or Comedy. Her win for best original screenplay in 2003 made her a third-generation Oscar winner, in 2004, Coppola was invited to join the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Her third film was the biopic Marie Antoinette, adapted from the biography by British historian Antonia Fraser, Kirsten Dunst plays the title character, who marries King Louis XVI, played by Jason Schwartzman, Coppolas cousin
Sofia Coppola
–
Coppola at the
2014 Cannes Film Festival
Sofia Coppola
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Coppola in 2003
3.
Advertising
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Advertising is an audio or visual form of marketing communication that employs an openly sponsored, nonpersonal message to promote or sell a product, service or idea. Sponsors of advertising are often businesses who wish to promote their products or services, Advertising is differentiated from public relations in that an advertiser usually pays for and has control over the message. It is differentiated from personal selling in that the message is nonpersonal, the actual presentation of the message in a medium is referred to as an advertisement or ad. Commercial ads often seek to generate increased consumption of their products or services through branding, on the other hand, ads that intend to elicit an immediate sale are known as direct response advertising. Non-commercial advertisers who spend money to advertise items other than a product or service include political parties, interest groups, religious organizations. Non-profit organizations may use free modes of persuasion, such as a service announcement. Advertising may also be used to reassure employees or shareholders that a company is viable or successful, in 2015, the world spent an estimate of US$592.43 billion on advertising. Its projected distribution for 2017 is 40. 4% on TV,33. 3% on digital, internationally, the largest advertising conglomerates are Interpublic, Omnicom, Publicis, and WPP. In Latin, ad vertere means to turn toward, egyptians used papyrus to make sales messages and wall posters. Commercial messages and political campaign displays have been found in the ruins of Pompeii, lost and found advertising on papyrus was common in ancient Greece and ancient Rome. Wall or rock painting for commercial advertising is another manifestation of an ancient advertising form, which is present to this day in many parts of Asia, Africa, the tradition of wall painting can be traced back to Indian rock art paintings that date back to 4000 BC. In ancient China, the earliest advertising known was oral, as recorded in the Classic of Poetry of bamboo flutes played to sell candy, advertisement usually takes in the form of calligraphic signboards and inked papers. Fruits and vegetables were sold in the city square from the backs of carts and wagons, the first compilation of such advertisements was gathered in Les Crieries de Paris, a thirteenth-century poem by Guillaume de la Villeneuve. In the 18th century advertisements started to appear in newspapers in England. However, false advertising and so-called quack advertisements became a problem, thomas J. Barratt from London has been called the father of modern advertising. Working for the Pears Soap company, Barratt created an advertising campaign for the company products. One of his slogans, Good morning, have you used Pears soap. was famous in its day and into the 20th century. Barratt introduced many of the ideas that lie behind successful advertising
Advertising
–
A
Coca-Cola advertisement from the 1890s
Advertising
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Bronze plate for printing an advertisement for the Liu family needle shop at
Jinan,
Song dynasty China. It is considered the world's earliest identified printed advertising medium.
Advertising
–
Edo period LEL flyer from 1806 for a traditional medicine called Kinseitan
Advertising
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A 1900 advertisement for Pears soap
4.
BMX
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BMX, an abbreviation for bicycle motocross, is a cycle sport performed on BMX bikes, either in competitive BMX racing or freestyle BMX, or else in general on- or off-road recreation. BMX began when young cyclists appropriated motocross tracks for fun, racing and stunts, eventually evolving specialized BMX bikes and competitions. BMX began during the early 1970s in the United States when children began racing their bicycles on dirt tracks in southern California, inspired by the motocross stars of the time. The size and availability of the Schwinn Sting-Ray and other wheelie bikes made them the natural bike of choice for these races, since they were easily customized for better handling, BMX racing was a phenomenon by the mid-1970s. Children were racing standard road bikes off-road, around purpose-built tracks in California, the 1972 motorcycle racing documentary On Any Sunday is generally credited with inspiring the movement nationally in the United States, its opening scene shows kids riding their Sting-Rays off-road. By the middle of decade, the sport achieved critical mass. In the UK, BMX was a craze which took off in the early 1980s, specifically 1982/3, perhaps the most iconic of this era was the all white Skyway models, with their famous red/Blue decals, capturing the excess of mid 1980s fashions perfectly. Because BMX exploded into Britains streets so suddenly, it was inevitable that it would implode with similar speed. A new spike in BMX came in the 1990s but fashions had changed, colour schemes were low key, mirroring street fashion, the opposite to the bright colours and flashy decals of the 1980s. The influence of the trendies had given way to the generation, with bottle green or even Brown frames, black components. Mag wheels were out of fashion. The original UK BMX scene was now history, george E. Esser founded the National Bicycle League as a non-profit bicycle motocross sanctioning organization in 1974. Before they set up the NBL, Esser and his wife, Mary and their two sons, Greg and Brian, raced motorcycles, but also enjoyed riding and racing BMX with their friends. It was their sons’ interest, and the lack of BMX organizations in the East, by 1977, the American Bicycle Association was organized as a national sanctioning body for the growing sport. In April 1981, the International BMX Federation was founded, since January 1993, BMX has been integrated into the Union Cycliste Internationale. Freestyle BMX is now one of the events at the annual Summer X Games Extreme Sports competition. The popularity of the sport has increased due to its ease and availability of places to ride. Many great BMX riders go on to other cycling sports like downhill, including Australian Olympian Jared Graves, former golden child Eric Carter, media related to BMX at Wikimedia Commons
BMX
–
A BMX race. First round of the 2005 European BMX Championships held in Sainte Maxime, France on 23 April 2005
5.
Skateboarding
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Skateboarding is an action sport which involves riding and performing tricks using a skateboard. Skateboarding can also be considered an activity, an art form. Skateboarding has been shaped and influenced by many throughout the years. A2009 report found that the market is worth an estimated $4.8 billion in annual revenue with 11.08 million active skateboarders in the world. In 2016, it was announced that skateboarding will be represented at the 2020 Olympic Games in Tokyo, since the 1970s, skateparks have been constructed specifically for use by skateboarders, Freestyle BMXers, aggressive skaters, and very recently, scooters. However, skateboarding has become controversial in areas in which the activity, although illegal, has damaged curbs, stoneworks, steps, benches, plazas, the first skateboards started with wooden boxes, or boards, with roller skate wheels attached to the bottom. Crate scooters preceded skateboards, having a wooden crate attached to the nose, the boxes turned into planks, similar to the skateboard decks of today. An American WAC, Betty Magnuson, reported seeing French children in the Montmartre section of Paris riding on boards with roller skate wheels attached to them in late 1944. Skateboarding, as we know it, was born sometime in the late 1940s, or early 1950s. No one knows who made the first board, it seems that people came up with similar ideas at around the same time. The first manufactured skateboards were ordered by a Los Angeles, California surf shop, the shop owner, Bill Richard, made a deal with the Chicago Roller Skate Company to produce sets of skate wheels, which they attached to square wooden boards. Accordingly, skateboarding was originally denoted sidewalk surfing and early skaters emulated surfing style and maneuvers, one of the earliest Skateboard exhibitions was sponsored by Makahas founder, Larry Stevenson, in 1963 and held at the Pier Avenue Junior High School in Hermosa Beach, California. Some of these same teams of skateboarders were also featured on a show called Surfs Up in 1964, hosted by Stan Richards. As the popularity of skateboarding began expanding, the first skateboarding magazine, john Severson who published the magazine wrote in his first editorial, The magazine only lasted four issues, but resumed publication as Skateboarder in 1975. The first broadcast of a skateboarding competition was the 1965 National Skateboarding Championships. Because skateboarding was a new sport during this time, there were two original disciplines during competitions, flatland freestyle & slalom downhill racing. One of the earliest sponsored skateboarders, Patti McGee, was paid by Hobie and Vita Pak to travel around the country to do skateboarding exhibitions and to demonstrate skateboarding safety tips. Some of the well known surfer-style skateboarders of the time also included Danny Bearer, Torger Johnson, Bruce Logan, Bill and Mark Richards, Woody Woodward
Skateboarding
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Skateboarders in
Beijing,
China
Skateboarding
Skateboarding
–
A skateboarder in mid flight performing a trick
Skateboarding
–
Skateboarder in
Grants Pass,
Oregon
6.
Transworld Skateboarding
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Transworld SKATEboarding is an international magazine on skateboarding that is based in Carlsbad, California, United States. The publication also runs a website and video production company. As of May 2013, the publication was owned by the GrindMedia company, a satellite edition Transworld SKATEboarding Japan is published in Japan. Founded in 1983, TWS was intended as an accessible alternative to Thrasher Magazine. For example, a December 1982 Thrasher article, Skate and Destroy written by C. R. Stecyk, in addition a February 1983 advertisement for Independent Trucks, featured a topless female model with the brands decals displayed on her breasts. The public release of TransWorld SKATEboarding occurred under the ownership of Peggy Cozens and Larry Balma and she highlighted the positive and creative side of skating. The stance of the new magazine remained positive, to the extent that even Thrasher owner Fausto Vitello wrote, They were about Skate and Create, we were about Skate and Destroy. The magazine recruited graphic designer David Carson into the position of art director in 1984 and he remained with TWS until 1988, between 1984 and 1988, the magazine featured the photographic work of J. In 1997, the magazine was sold for US$475 million to the Times Mirror in 2000, internal tensions between magazine staff and AOL Time Warner started after a new publishers with no understanding of the company culture were sent to manage the publications at the Carlsbad office. Slowly the company starting firing long-serving employees and replacing them with new employees that fit their undefined corporate vision, jefferson, whose seminal mentor was Brittain, revealed in May 2012, So, in 2004, we were all working at Transworld with Dave Swift, Grant. I think Id gotten to the point—youve done everything you kinda could, and, with that magazine being bought and sold that many times, and being corporate-owned, a lot of things had changed. Even when I started working at Transworld, it was just owned by the bombers and it was just different, it wasnt the same. There was a lot of things became very corporate about it. And that was just-it is so hard to do with skating, there were so many things we couldnt justify. So we decided to break off and start out own magazine, The Skateboard Mag, on September 12,2006, Time Warner announced the sale of Time4 Media, a company that consisted of a portfolio of eighteen print magazines that included the Transworld group of titles. The rationale for the sale was that Time Warner sought to focus our energy, resources and they also understand vertical media brands and the value of their connection with passionate enthusiast audiences. Bonniers acquisition of our businesses is excellent recognition of that value, as well as the quality of our brands, together we have the unique opportunity to build a new multi-platform media company on an incredible foundation. Since the departure of Dave Swift as editor of Transworld Skateboarding in 2004, as of March 2013, the magazines editors are listed as Oliver Barton, Blair Alley, Ben Kelly, Kevin Duffel, Joey Muellner, Chris Thiesson and Dave Chami
Transworld Skateboarding
–
June 2009 cover featuring
Nick Dompierre
7.
Street skateboarding
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Street skateboarding is a style of skateboarding that focuses on tricks and transitions in public places. As skateboarding gained popularity during the 1980s and 1990s, skateboarders no longer limited their activities to drained swimming pools, instead, they began performing tricks in urban areas and skating through urban areas as skateboards increasingly became an accepted mode of transportation as others followed. In some cases, local authorities in popular skateboarding areas have introduced a range of initiatives to ban skateboarding, confiscate skateboards, most boards are about 7 1⁄4 to 8 3⁄4 inches wide and 30 to 32.5 inches long. The wheels are made of an extremely hard polyurethane, with anywhere from 80A to 99A. Some wheels will be harder than measurable on the A scale. The wheel sizes are small so that the boards are lighter. Board styles have changed dramatically since the 1970s but have remained mostly alike since the mid-1990s, the contemporary shape of the skateboard is derived from the freestyle boards of the 1980s with a largely symmetrical shape and relatively narrow width. This form had become standard by the mid 1990s, parts can be individually replaced and fixed should they require maintenance
Street skateboarding
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Jumping a bin in
New York City.
Street skateboarding
–
A street lamp with a sign prohibiting skateboarding.
8.
Video Days
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Video Days is a skateboarding video by Blind Skateboards released in 1991. It is considered one of the most influential skate videos, as director Spike Jonzes format is frequently cited as its definitive filming template, Video Days is the first movie/video directed by Spike Jonze and stars Mark Gonzales, Rudy Johnson, Jason Lee, Guy Mariano and Jordan Richter. Legendary professional skateboarder Danny Way was briefly on Blind Skateboards from 1990-1991, however, he soon quit Blind, returning to his original team H-Street Skateboards and his footage for Video Days was omitted. A brief shot of Way can be seen during Mark Gonzales part in this video. The film starts off with footage of all 5 skaters driving around in a Blue Oldsmobile Ninety-Eight Regency accompanied to the song Low Rider by War, each skaters name is introduced while riding in the car which is then followed by footage of them performing a trick. The car then drives along a road out of frame which then reveals a sunset overlooking a forest. Guy Marianos name is displayed in white writing in front of a black background thus beginning his part, then footage of Guy performing several tricks is shown before the accompanied song starts playing. Guy Mariano continues to skate in places such as schools, car parks. His part ends with him sliding a rail and being in disbelief about it, Jordan Richters name is then displayed while the accompanying song starts playing. Jordan then proceeds to skate primarily half-pipes and vert-based skateparks and his part ends abruptly after he performs a no handed air and the song ends. Mark Gonzales name is displayed, then footage of the 1971 film Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory is shown with Willy Wonka saying We are the music makers. Mark then proceeds to skate a wide variety of locations including car parks, streets, ditches, basketball courts, half pipes, short and silent snippets of Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory do appear throughout this part. The part ends when Mark frontside boardslides a rail and then loses his board, then footage of a young British girl saying I hope youve enjoyed the skateboarding and everything else, thats all folks, goodbye. She then gives a look to someone off camera. Then footage is shown of all five skaters riding in the Blue Oldsmobile Ninety-Eight Regency interacting with various Support our troops protesters on the sidewalk, Jason Lee yells to the protesters the infamous line No War for Heavy Metal. Rudy Johnsons name is displayed while the song starts playing. Rudy then skates such locations as streets, car parks, plazas, rudys part ends abruptly as he performs an Ollie one foot to lipslide on a rail and almost runs into the camera. Jason Lees name is displayed before he addresses the camera and says You know Ill give you a hundred bucks and he then pulls a face at the camera and says Ill give you 600 tries, Ill be back next week
Video Days
–
Video Days
9.
Girl Skateboards
–
Crailtap is a skateboarding distribution company based in Torrance, California, United States. The distribution company houses the following brands, Girl Skateboards, Chocolate Skateboards, Royal Skateboard Trucks, Ruby Republic, Howard explained in a 2000 interview, Part of the reason we started Girl was so pro skateboarders would have a future. When Guy Mariano and Rudy Johnsons legs dont work anymore, at least what theyve done for skateboarding, all the Girl Distribution companies are based around people who have helped Girl get to where it is today. Howard and Carroll revealed in 2013 as part of the companys 20-year anniversary commemoration that the majority of the industry at the time was acrimonious towards the new enterprise. Carroll stated that a particular woodshop was threatened by another company and consequently severed ties with Girl, Carroll explained that Vitello he always just, kinda, let us know that he had our back. In addition to Howard and Carroll, the original Girl team consisted of Jovontae Turner, Guy Mariano, Rudy Johnson, Tim Gavin, Tony Ferguson, Sean Sheffey, and Jeron Wilson. The company has evolved into a company that distributes skateboard hard goods, skateboard videos and films. The Girl logo is similar to the symbol on womens bathrooms and was designed by Girls in-house artist Andy Jenkins, named the Art Dump, the design department of Girl is overseen by Jenkins. Artists such as Geoff McFetridge, Kevin Lyons, and Hershel Baltrotsky have contributed to the aesthetic of Girl through their work for the Art Dump, Biebel had moved from Chicago, US to California, US and had met Ty previously in southern California. At the 2000 premiere of the video, Carroll asked Biebel to join the Lakai skate shoe team, Biebel was assigned professional status in 2002 and stated in a 2012 interview, Girl, Lakai—thats a dream come true. I aint never leaving that shit, rogers left the company in 2007 due to his dissatisfaction with his royalty payments, while Capaldi, Malto, and Olson were assigned professional status the following year. Rogers later explained his issues with Girl in an October 2012 interview, I was getting my cheque, just not my actual royalties. I got a three thousand dollar guarantee a month, which operated as a minimum, meaning I get that no matter what, but if I sell over the minimum, I get the extras - royalties kick in. So what had happened was, they were letting my royalties fall back into the company to cover their overhead, for two years I apparently didnt break my three thousand dollar minimum. Dont forget, were taking about Girl here who sells all around the world, the following month I got a six thousand dollar cheque. The first time I broke my three thousand dollar minimum, apparently, and on top of that, it was April, a statement from Girl was not released in response to Rogerss claims. After winning the Bang Yo Self 2 contest, held by the Berrics website, in April 2009, in regard to Kennedys victory, the Berrics wrote, Today, April 2nd,2009, is the beginning of Cory Kennedys tyranny over skateboarding. May God have mercy on our souls, after 20 minutes, Kennedy eventually realized that his name was written on the decks
Girl Skateboards
–
Chocolate Skateboards logo
10.
Sonic Youth
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Sonic Youth was an American rock band from New York City, formed in 1981. In their early career Sonic Youth were associated with the no wave art, the band is considered to be a pivotal influence on the alternative and indie rock movements. In 2011 Ranaldo announced that the band was ending for a following the separation of married couple Gordon. Thurston Moore updated and clarified the position in May 2014, Sonic Youth is on hiatus, the band is a democracy of sorts, and as long as Kim and I are working out our situation, the band can’t really function reasonably. Gordon refers several times in her 2015 autobiography Girl in a Band to the band having split up. Shortly after guitarist Thurston Moore moved to New York City in early 1977, he formed a group, Room Tone, with his roommates, after the breakup of the Coachmen, Moore began jamming with Stanton Miranda, whose band, CKM, featured Kim Gordon. Moore and Gordon formed a band, appearing under names like Male Bonding and Red Milk, the name came from combining the nickname of MC5s Fred Sonic Smith with Youth from reggae artist Big Youth. Gordon later recalled that as soon as Thurston came up with the name Sonic Youth, the band played Noise Fest in June 1981 at New Yorks White Columns gallery, where Lee Ranaldo was playing as a member of Glenn Brancas electric guitar ensemble. Their performance impressed Moore, who described them as the most ferocious guitar band that I had ever seen in my life, the new threesome played three songs at the festival later in the week without a drummer. Each band member took turns playing the drums, until they met drummer Richard Edson, Branca signed Sonic Youth as the first act on his record label Neutral Records. In December 1981 the group recorded five songs in a studio in New Yorks Radio City Music Hall, the material was released as the Sonic Youth that, while largely ignored, was sent to a few key members of the US press, who gave it uniformly favorable reviews. After their first release, Edson quit the group for a career and was replaced by Bob Bert. During their early days as part of the New York music scene, the bands came to share the same rehearsal space, and Sonic Youth embarked on its first tour, a two-week journey through the southern United States starting in November 1982, supporting Swans. During a second tour with Swans of the Midwest the following month, tensions ran high and Moore constantly criticized Berts drumming, Bert was fired afterwards and replaced by Jim Sclavunos, who played drums on the bands first studio album, 1983s Confusion Is Sex. Sonic Youth set up a tour of Europe for the summer of 1983. Sclavunos, however, quit after only a few months, the group asked Bert to rejoin, and he agreed, on the condition that he would not be fired again after the tours conclusion. Sonic Youth found themselves well received in Europe, but the New York press largely ignored the noise rock scene. After a substandard September concert in New York, another critic from The Village Voice panned it, Gordon wrote a scornful letter to the newspaper, criticizing it for not supporting its local music scene, to which Christgau responded by saying they are not obligated to support them
Sonic Youth
–
Bassist
Kim Gordon and guitarist
Thurston Moore in 2005
Sonic Youth
–
Live in the Netherlands, 1991
Sonic Youth
–
Additional guitarist Jim O'Rourke with the band in concert in 2005
Sonic Youth
–
Kim Gordon walking over her
bass during a 1991 performance in the Netherlands
11.
Beastie Boys
–
The Beastie Boys were an American hip hop group from New York City, formed in 1981. For the majority of their career, the group consisted of Michael Mike D Diamond, Adam MCA Yauch, Berry left shortly thereafter, and was replaced by Horovitz. They toured with Madonna in 1985 and a year released their debut album Licensed to Ill. With seven platinum or better albums from 1986 to 2004, the Beastie Boys were one of the hip hop acts worldwide. In 2009, they released digitally remastered editions of their albums Pauls Boutique, Check Your Head, Ill Communication. Their eighth studio album, Hot Sauce Committee Part Two, was released in 2011, and received positive reviews. They were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in April 2012, just the third rap group to enter the Hall, after Run–D. M. C. and Grandmaster Flash, the following month, MCA died of cancer of the parotid salivary gland. In June 2014, Mike D confirmed that he and Ad-Rock would not continue the Beastie Boys, prior to forming the Beastie Boys, Michael Diamond was part of a number of bands such as the Walden Jazz Band, BAN and The Young Aborigines. The band supported Bad Brains, the Dead Kennedys, the Misfits and Reagan Youth at venues such as CBGB, A7, Trudy Hellers Place and Maxs Kansas City, playing at the latter venue on its closing night. In November 1982 the Beastie Boys recorded the 7 EP Polly Wog Stew at 171A studios, on November 13,1982, the Beastie Boys played Philip Puccis birthday for the purposes of his short concert film of the Beastie Boys, Beastie. Pucci held the concert in Bard Colleges Preston Drama Dance Department Theatre and this performance marked the Beastie Boys first on screen appearance in a published motion picture. The opening band for that performance was The Young and the Useless, skills to Pay the Bills later went on to earn the Recording Industry Association of Americas gold sales award for selling more than 500,000 copies. The band also recorded and then performed its first hip hop track, Cooky Puss, based on a prank call by the group to Carvel Ice Cream in 1983. It was a part of the new line-up’s first EP, also called Cooky Puss, which was the first piece of work that showed their incorporation of the rap phenomenon. It quickly became a hit in New York underground dance clubs, in 1983, the new line-up released the Cooky Puss EP, which offered the first evidence of them picking up on the underground rap phenomenon and the use of samples. ‘Beastie Revolution’ was later sampled for a British Airways commercial, earning them $40,000 in royalties, due to the success of Cooky Puss they began to incorporate rap into their sets. They decided to hire a DJ for their shows and ended up getting an NYU student named Rick Rubin. Soon thereafter, Rubin began producing records and he then formed Def Jam Recordings with fellow NY University student Russell Simmons and approached the band about producing them for his new label
Beastie Boys
–
The Beastie Boys live in 2007 L–R:
Ad-Rock,
MCA and
Mike D
Beastie Boys
–
The Beastie Boys at Club Citta Kawasaki, Japan Check Your Head tour Photo: Masao Nakagami, September 16, 1992
Beastie Boys
–
The Beastie Boys (left to right)
Ad-Rock,
Mike D, and
MCA performing in
Barcelona, Spain in September 2007.
12.
Fatboy Slim
–
Norman Quentin Cook, also known by his stage name Fatboy Slim, is an English DJ, musician and record producer/mixer. As a solo act, he has won ten MTV Video Music Awards. His records as Fatboy Slim also helped to popularise the big beat genre, Cook first rose to fame in the 1980s as the bassist of the indie rock band The Housemartins who scored a UK number-one single with their a cappella cover of Isley-Jasper-Isleys Caravan of Love. Cook then went on to numerous other acts, including Freak Power, Pizzaman. Cook adopted the Fatboy Slim moniker in 1996 and released Better Living Through Chemistry to critical acclaim, in 2008, Cook founded a project called The Brighton Port Authority. Cook has been responsible for successful remixes for Cornershop, Beastie Boys, A Tribe Called Quest, Groove Armada, Quentin Leo Cook was born in Bromley, raised in Reigate, Surrey, England, and educated at Reigate Grammar School. He played drums in Disque Attack, a British new wave-influenced rock band, when frontman Charlie Alcock was told by his parents that he had to give up the band to concentrate on his O levels, Cook took over as lead vocalist. At The Railway Tavern in Reigate, Cook met Paul Heaton with whom he formed the Stomping Pondfrogs. At 18, Cook went to Brighton Polytechnic to read a B. A. in English, politics, and sociology, in 1985, Cooks friend Paul Heaton had formed a guitar band called The Housemartins. Their bassist left on the eve of their first national tour, the band soon had a hit single with Happy Hour, and their two albums, London 0 Hull 4 and The People Who Grinned Themselves to Death, peaked in the Top 10 of the UK Albums Chart. They also reached number one just before Christmas 1986 with a version of Caravan of Love, however, by 1988 they had split up. Heaton and the bands drummer Dave Hemingway went on to form The Beautiful South and it was at this time that he first started working with young studio engineer Simon Thornton, with whom he continues to make records. All of Cooks records released from that point onwards have involved both of them to varying degrees, Cook achieved his first solo hit in 1989, featuring his future Beats International member MC Wildski, called Blame It on the Bassline. MC Wildski, the song followed the template of what was to come in the style of the music of Beats International. It became a modest hit in the UK Singles Chart, reaching number 29, Cook formed Beats International, a loose confederation of studio musicians including vocalists Lindy Layton, Lester Noel, D. J. Baptiste, rapper MC Wildski, and keyboardist Andy Boucher. O. S and this bankrupted Cook as he lost the case and was ordered to pay back twice the royalties made on the record. The 1991 follow-up album Excursion on the Version, an exploration of dub and reggae music, failed to repeat the success of its predecessor, Cook then formed Freak Power with horn player Ashley Slater and singer Jesse Graham. They released their debut album Drive-Thru Booty in 1994, which contained the single Turn On, Tune In, the cut was picked up by the Levis company for use in a multimillion-dollar advertising campaign
Fatboy Slim
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Fatboy Slim in 2004.
Fatboy Slim
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Button Badge created by Cook (circa 1979) for his band Disque Attack in which he played drums and for whom he was later lead vocalist.
Fatboy Slim
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Cook performing at the first "Beach Party" in
Portrush, 2006.
Fatboy Slim
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Cook performing at the
2013 Glastonbury Festival.
13.
Daft Punk
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Daft Punk are a French electronic music duo formed in 1993 by Guy-Manuel de Homem-Christo and Thomas Bangalter. The duo were managed from 1996 to 2008 by Pedro Winter, the duo released their debut studio album Homework through Virgin Records in 1997 to highly positive reviews. The duos next album Discovery was even more successful, driven by the release of the hit singles One More Time, Digital Love, in March 2005, the duo released their third album Human After All to mixed reviews. However, the singles Robot Rock and Technologic achieved considerable success in the United Kingdom, Daft Punk toured throughout 2006 and 2007 and released the live album Alive 2007, which won a Grammy Award for Best Electronic/Dance Album. The duo later composed the score for the Disney film Tron, Legacy in 2010, in January 2013, Daft Punk left Virgin for Columbia Records, and released their next album Random Access Memories in 2013 to worldwide critical acclaim. The albums lead single Get Lucky became a success, peaking on top 10 charts in 32 countries. Random Access Memories won five Grammy Awards in 2014, including Album of the Year, Daft Punk later gained their first number one on the Billboard Hot 100 with the song Starboy, a collaboration with The Weeknd. Thomas Bangalter and Guy-Manuel de Homem-Christo met in 1987 while attending the Lycée Carnot, the two became good friends and later recorded demo tracks with others from the school. This eventually led to the formation of the group called Darlin with Laurent Brancowitz in 1992. Bangalter and de Homem-Christo played bass and guitar, respectively, while Brancowitz performed on drums, the trio had branded themselves after The Beach Boys song of the same name, which they covered along with an original composition. Stereolab released both tracks on a multi-artist Duophonic Records EP and invited the band to open for stage shows in the United Kingdom, Bangalter felt that The rock n roll thing we did was pretty average, I think. It was so brief, maybe six months, four songs, a negative review in Melody Maker by Dave Jennings subsequently dubbed the music a daft punky thrash. Instead of dismissing the review, they found it amusing, as de Homem-Christo stated, We struggled so long to find Darlin, and this happened so quickly. Darlin soon disbanded, leaving Brancowitz to pursue other efforts with Phoenix, Bangalter and de Homem-Christo formed Daft Punk and experimented with drum machines and synthesisers. In September 1993, Daft Punk attended a rave at EuroDisney, the demo tape given to Macmillan at the rave formed the basis for Daft Punks debut single, The New Wave, a limited release in 1994. The single also contained the final mix of The New Wave called Alive, Daft Punk returned to the studio in May 1995 to record Da Funk. It became the duos first commercially successful single the same year, after the success of Da Funk, Daft Punk looked to find a manager. The duo eventually settled on Pedro Winter, who promoted them
Daft Punk
–
Daft Punk at the premiere of
Tron: Legacy in 2010. From left:
Thomas Bangalter,
Guy-Manuel de Homem-Christo
Daft Punk
–
Muzik magazine cover feature in February 1997
Daft Punk
–
Daft Punk performing in
Berkeley, California on 27 July 2007
Daft Punk
–
Daft Punk in
DJ Hero
14.
Weezer
–
Weezer is an American rock band formed in Los Angeles in 1992, consisting of Rivers Cuomo, Patrick Wilson, Brian Bell, and Scott Shriner. Weezer has sold 9.2 million albums in the US, after signing to Geffen Records in 1993, the band released its debut self-titled album, also known as the Blue Album, in 1994. Backed by successful music videos for the singles Buddy Holly, Undone – The Sweater Song and Say It Aint So, both the Blue Album and Pinkerton are now frequently cited among the best albums of the 1990s. Following the tour for Pinkerton, bassist Matt Sharp left the band, in 2001, Weezer returned with another self-titled album, also known as the Green Album, with new bassist Mikey Welsh. With a more pop sound, and promoted by singles Hash Pipe and Island in the Sun, after the albums release, Welsh left the band and was replaced by current bassist Scott Shriner. Weezers fourth album, Maladroit, was released in May 2002 to mostly positive reviews, in June 2008, Weezers third self-titled album, also known as the Red Album, featuring TR-808s, synths, Southern rap, and baroque counterpoint, was released to mixed reviews. Its lead single, Pork and Beans, became the third song to top the Modern Rock Tracks chart. Weezers seventh and eight albums Raditude and Hurley, featuring more pop production and songs co-written with other artists, achieved further mixed reviews. The bands ninth and tenth albums, Everything Will Be Alright in the End, vocalist and lead guitarist Rivers Cuomo, drummer Patrick Wilson, bassist Matt Sharp and guitarist Jason Cropper formed Weezer in 1992. The band had its first practice on February 14 of that year, Weezer signed with Geffen Records on June 25,1993 and the group recorded its debut album with producer Ric Ocasek at Electric Lady Studios in New York City. During the recording, Cropper left the band and was replaced by guitarist Brian Bell, Weezer was released in May 1994. Geffen originally did not wish to release a single, to see what sales could be generated by word-of-mouth alone, DJ Marco Collins of the Seattle radio station The End started playing Undone – The Sweater Song, leading Geffen to release it as the first single. The music video was directed by Spike Jonze, filmed in an unbroken take, it featured Weezer performing on a sound stage with little action, bar a pack of dogs swarming the set. The video became an instant hit on MTV, Jonze also directed the bands second video, Buddy Holly, splicing footage from the 1970s television sitcom Happy Days with Weezer performing in a remade Arnolds Drive-In. The video achieved heavy rotation on MTV and went on to win four MTV Video Music Awards, including Breakthrough Video and Best Alternative Music Video, the video was also featured on the companion CD for the Microsoft Windows 95 computer operating system. A third single, Say It Aint So, followed, Weezer is certified triple platinum in the United States, making it Weezers best-selling album. It is certified platinum in Canada. In 1994, Weezer took a break from touring for the Christmas holidays, Cuomo traveled to his home state of Connecticut and began recording demos for Weezers next album
Weezer
–
Weezer performing in 2015 at the
Gathering of the Vibes in
Bridgeport, Connecticut. From left to rightː
Brian Bell,
Scott Shriner,
Patrick Wilson, and
Rivers Cuomo.
Weezer
–
The band performing in 2005
Weezer
–
Rivers Cuomo performing with Weezer at the
Gathering of the Vibes in
Bridgeport, Connecticut in 2015.
15.
Kanye West
–
Kanye Omari West is an American rapper, songwriter, record producer, fashion designer, and entrepreneur. Intent on pursuing a career as a rapper, West released his debut album The College Dropout in 2004 to widespread critical and commercial success. He went on to pursue a variety of different styles on subsequent albums Late Registration, Graduation, and 808s & Heartbreak. In 2010, he released his fifth album My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy to rave reviews from critics, West released his abrasive sixth album, Yeezus, to further critical praise in 2013. His seventh album, The Life of Pablo, was released in 2016, Wests outspoken views and life outside of music have received significant mainstream attention. He has been a frequent source of controversy for his conduct at award shows, on social media and he is the founder and head of the creative content company DONDA. His 2014 marriage to television personality Kim Kardashian has also been subject to media coverage. He has won a total of 21 Grammy Awards, making him one of the most awarded artists of all time, three of his albums have been included and ranked on Rolling Stones 2012 update of the 500 Greatest Albums of All Time list. He has also included in a number of Forbes annual lists. Time named him one of the 100 most influential people in the world in 2005 and 2015, West was born on June 8,1977 in Atlanta, Georgia. His parents divorced when he was three years old, after the divorce, he and his mother moved to Chicago, Illinois. His father, Ray West, is a former Black Panther and was one of the first black photojournalists at The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Ray West was later a Christian counselor, and in 2006, opened the Good Water Store and Café in Lexington Park, Maryland with startup capital from his son. West, was a professor of English at Clark Atlanta University, West was raised in a middle-class background, attending Polaris High School in suburban Oak Lawn, Illinois after living in Chicago. At the age of 10, West moved with his mother to Nanjing, China, according to his mother, West was the only foreigner in his class, but settled in well and quickly picked up the language, although he has since forgotten most of it. When asked about his grades in school, West replied, I got As. West demonstrated an affinity for the arts at an early age and his mother recalled that she first took notice of Wests passion for drawing and music when he was in the third grade. Growing up in Chicago, West became deeply involved in its hip hop scene and he started rapping in the third grade and began making musical compositions in the seventh grade, eventually selling them to other artists
Kanye West
–
West performing at
Lollapalooza in 2011
Kanye West
–
West performing in
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, April 2007
Kanye West
–
West performing in
Austin, Texas, March 2009
Kanye West
–
West performing with
Jay-Z on their
Watch the Throne Tour in 2011
16.
Being John Malkovich
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Being John Malkovich is a 1999 American fantasy-comedy film directed by Spike Jonze and written by Charlie Kaufman, both making their feature film debut. The film stars John Cusack, Cameron Diaz, and Catherine Keener, with John Malkovich, the film follows a puppeteer who finds a portal that leads into Malkovichs mind. Released by USA Films, the film was nominated in three categories at the 72nd Academy Awards, Best Director for Jonze, Best Original Screenplay for Kaufman, Craig Schwartz is an unemployed puppeteer in a forlorn marriage with his pet-obsessed wife Lotte. Gaining a file clerk job through Dr. Craig enters a door hidden behind a filing cabinet. Craig is able to observe and sense whatever Malkovich does for fifteen minutes before he is ejected and dropped into a ditch near the New Jersey Turnpike and he reveals the portal to Maxine and they let others use it for $200 a turn. Craig tells Lotte, who becomes obsessed with the experience, allowing her to out her transgender desires. Lotte becomes attracted to Maxine and they begin a relationship via Lotte being inside Malkovichs head while Maxine has sex with Malkovich. Craig, forsaken by both women, binds and gags Lotte and locks her in a cage, then enters Malkovichs mind and has sex with Maxine, Craig discovers that he is able to control Malkovichs actions while in his head, causing the actor to become paranoid. He is ejected and meets Craig by the turnpike, Malkovich demands that the portal be closed, but Craig refuses. Lotte escapes with the help of the animals in the cage and phones Maxine, Maxine is annoyed but accepts it as she enjoyed the experience. Seeking help, Lotte finds Lester, who reveals himself to be Captain Mertin and he is aware of the portal and has a room dedicated to Malkovich. Lester explains that the connected to it becomes ripe for occupation on the eve of their 44th birthday. However, after the old host turns 44, the moves to its next host. The former allows one to increase their life before moving on to another host while the means being trapped within the unborn child. Lester, who has been using the portal to prolong his life, reveals his plan to use Malkovich for himself, offered the chance to join Lesters group, Lotte warns him that Craig has control. Craig finds he is able to remain in Malkovich indefinitely and he spends the next eight months in Malkovichs body, and through his control turns Malkovich into a world-famous puppeteer. Malkovich marries Maxine and learns that she is pregnant as their relationship grows distant, as Malkovichs 44th birthday approaches, Lester and his friends cut a deal with Maxine and fake her kidnapping. They call up Craig threatening to kill her if Craig does not leave Malkovich, Craig ends the call, causing Lester to think that he called their bluff
Being John Malkovich
–
Theatrical release poster
17.
Adaptation (film)
–
Adaptation is a 2002 American comedy-drama metafilm directed by Spike Jonze and written by Charlie Kaufman. The film is based on Susan Orleans non-fiction book The Orchid Thief, Adaptation had been in development as far back as 1994. Jonathan Demme brought the project to Columbia Pictures with Kaufman writing the script, Kaufman experienced writers block and did not know what to think of The Orchid Thief. Finally he wrote a script based on his experience of adapting the book into a screenplay, Jonze signed to direct, and filming was finished in June 2001. Adaptation received awards at the 75th Academy Awards, 60th Golden Globe Awards, Cooper won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor, while Kaufman won the BAFTA Award for Best Adapted Screenplay. The work was ranked in a British Film Institute poll as one of the thirty best films of the 2000s, the self-loathing Charlie Kaufman is hired to write the screenplay adaptation for Susan Orleans The Orchid Thief. Kaufman is going through depression and is not happy that his twin brother, Donald decides to become a screenwriter like Charlie and attends one of Robert McKees famous seminars. Charlie, who rejects formulaic script writing, wants to ensure that his script is a adaptation of The Orchid Thief. However, he comes to realize that the book does not have a usable narrative, already well over his deadline with Columbia Pictures, and despairing at writing his script with self-reference, Charlie travels to New York City to discuss the screenplay with Orlean directly. Charlie ends up asking Donald to join him in New York to assist with the story structure, Donald pretends to be Charlie and interviews Orlean, but is suspicious of her account of the events of her book because she acts as though she is lying. He and his brother Charlie follow Orlean to Florida where she meets John Laroche and it is revealed that the Seminole wanted the ghost orchid in order to manufacture a drug that causes fascination – Laroche introduces this drug to Orlean. After Laroche and Orlean catch Charlie observing them taking the drug and having sex, Orlean forces Charlie at gunpoint to drive to the swamp, where she intends to kill him. Charlie and Donald escape and hide in the swamp, where they resolve their differences and Charlies problems with women, fleeing, Charlie and Donald drive off but crash into a rangers truck – Donald dies in the accident. Charlie runs off into the swamp to hide but is spotted by Laroche, however, Laroche is killed by an alligator before being able to kill Charlie. Charlie makes up with his mother, tells his former love interest Amelia that he is still in love with her and it ends with Charlie in a voice-over announcing the script is finished and that he wants Gérard Depardieu to portray him in the film. Variety reviewed the film as if Donald were a real person, Cage took the role for a $5 million salary, and wore a fatsuit during filming. Streep expressed strong interest in the role of Susan Orlean before being cast, John Turturro was approached to portray John Laroche. Cooper strongly considered turning down Laroche, but accepted it after his wife urged him to, albert Finney, Christopher Plummer, Terence Stamp and Michael Caine were considered for the role of Robert McKee, but McKee personally suggested Brian Cox to filmmakers
Adaptation (film)
–
Theatrical release poster
Adaptation (film)
–
Nicolas Cage portrays Charlie and Donald Kaufman through
split screen photography.
18.
Charlie Kaufman
–
Charles Stuart Charlie Kaufman is an American screenwriter, producer, director, and lyricist. He wrote the films Being John Malkovich, Adaptation, and Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind and he made his directorial debut with Synecdoche, New York, which was also well-received, film critic Roger Ebert named it the best movie of the decade in 2009. He also won two BAFTA Award for Best Original Screenplays and one BAFTA Award for Best Adapted Screenplay, three of Kaufmans scripts appear in the Writers Guild of Americas list of the 101 greatest movie screenplays ever written. Kaufman was born in New York City to a Jewish family on November 19,1958 and he grew up in Massapequa, New York before moving to West Hartford, Connecticut where he graduated high school. While attending high school, Kaufman was part of the drama club, performing in numerous productions before landing the lead role in a production of Play It Again. After high school graduation, Kaufman attended Boston University before transferring to New York University where he studied film, while attending New York University, Kaufman met Paul Proch, with whom he would write many unproduced scripts and plays. Between 1983 and 1984, Kaufman and Proch wrote comedic articles and his work included parodies of Kurt Vonnegut and the X-Men. Kaufman and Proch tried to get their screenplays produced, sending them to people in film industry. The only response the two ever received for their work was a letter from Alan Arkin in regards to their screenplay titled Purely Coincidental. In hope of finding talent agents the two began to write scripts for television series such as Married. In 1991, Kaufman moved from Minneapolis to Los Angeles in search of job prospects. Kaufman got his start in television by writing two episodes for Chris Elliotts Get a Life during the 1991–1992 season, during the 1993–1994 season, Kaufman worked on Foxs sketch comedy show The Edge. Kaufman wrote some pilot scripts while working as a television writer and he later worked as a writer for Ned and Stacey and The Dana Carvey Show. He first came to notice as the writer of Being John Malkovich, directed by Spike Jonze, earning an Academy Award nomination for his effort. He wrote the script on spec in 1994, sending it to companies and studios. Kaufman and Jonze reunited yet again as the director screenwriter respectively for Adaptation, Adaptation featured a fictionalized version of Kaufman and his fictional brother, Donald, who is credited as writer of the film along with Kaufman. The idea came to Kaufman while attempting to adapt Susan Orleans novel The Orchid Thief into film, struggling with writers block, Kaufman turned the script into an exaggerated account of his struggles with adapting the screenplay. The film focuses on Barriss claim to have been a CIA hit man and it was George Clooneys directorial debut
Charlie Kaufman
–
Kaufman at the
Sarajevo Film Festival, August 2008
19.
Academy Award
–
The various category winners are awarded a copy of a golden statuette, officially called the Academy Award of Merit, which has become commonly known by its nickname Oscar. The awards, first presented in 1929 at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel, are overseen by AMPAS, the awards ceremony was first broadcast on radio in 1930 and televised for the first time in 1953. It is now live in more than 200 countries and can be streamed live online. The Academy Awards ceremony is the oldest worldwide entertainment awards ceremony and its equivalents – the Emmy Awards for television, the Tony Awards for theater, and the Grammy Awards for music and recording – are modeled after the Academy Awards. The 89th Academy Awards ceremony, honoring the best films of 2016, were held on February 26,2017, at the Dolby Theatre, in Los Angeles, the ceremony was hosted by Jimmy Kimmel and was broadcast on ABC. A total of 3,048 Oscars have been awarded from the inception of the award through the 88th, the first Academy Awards presentation was held on May 16,1929, at a private dinner function at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel with an audience of about 270 people. The post-awards party was held at the Mayfair Hotel, the cost of guest tickets for that nights ceremony was $5. Fifteen statuettes were awarded, honoring artists, directors and other participants in the industry of the time. The ceremony ran for 15 minutes, winners were announced to media three months earlier, however, that was changed for the second ceremony in 1930. Since then, for the rest of the first decade, the results were given to newspapers for publication at 11,00 pm on the night of the awards. The first Best Actor awarded was Emil Jannings, for his performances in The Last Command and he had to return to Europe before the ceremony, so the Academy agreed to give him the prize earlier, this made him the first Academy Award winner in history. With the fourth ceremony, however, the system changed, for the first six ceremonies, the eligibility period spanned two calendar years. At the 29th ceremony, held on March 27,1957, until then, foreign-language films had been honored with the Special Achievement Award. The 74th Academy Awards, held in 2002, presented the first Academy Award for Best Animated Feature, since 1973, all Academy Awards ceremonies always end with the Academy Award for Best Picture. The Academy also awards Nicholl Fellowships in Screenwriting, see also § Awards of Merit categories The best known award is the Academy Award of Merit, more popularly known as the Oscar statuette. The five spokes represent the branches of the Academy, Actors, Writers, Directors, Producers. The model for the statuette is said to be Mexican actor Emilio El Indio Fernández, sculptor George Stanley sculpted Cedric Gibbons design. The statuettes presented at the ceremonies were gold-plated solid bronze
Academy Award
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Academy Awards
Academy Award
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31st Academy Awards Presentations,
Pantages Theatre, Hollywood, 1959
Academy Award
–
81st Academy Awards Presentations,
Dolby Theatre, Hollywood, 2009
Academy Award
–
Pantages Theatre, 2008
20.
Academy Award for Best Director
–
The Academy Award for Best Director is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. It is given in honor of a director who has exhibited outstanding directing while working in the film industry. However, these categories were merged for all subsequent ceremonies, nominees are determined by single transferable vote within the directors branch of AMPAS, winners are selected by a plurality vote from the entire eligible voting members of the Academy. For the first eleven years of the Academy Awards, directors were allowed to be nominated for multiple films in the same year, the Academy Awards for Best Director and Best Picture have been very closely linked throughout their history. Of the 89 films that have been awarded Best Picture,63 have also been awarded Best Director, since its inception, the award has been given to 69 directors or directing teams. John Ford has received the most awards in this category with four, william Wyler was nominated on twelve occasions, more than any other individual. As of the 2017 ceremony, Damien Chazelle is the most recent winner in category for his work on La La Land. Chazelle also became the youngest director in history to receive this award, two directing teams have shared the award, Robert Wise and Jerome Robbins for West Side Story in 1961 and Joel and Ethan Coen for No Country for Old Men in 2007. The Coen brothers are the siblings to have won the award. For the first five ceremonies, the eligibility period spanned twelve months from August 1 to July 31, for the 6th ceremony held in 1934, the eligibility period lasted from August 1,1932 to December 31,1933. Since the 7th ceremony held in 1935, the period of eligibility became the full calendar year from January 1 to December 31. org The Academy Awards Database Oscar. com
Academy Award for Best Director
–
Frank Borzage, co-winner of the first award.
Academy Award for Best Director
–
Lewis Milestone, co-winner of the first award.
Academy Award for Best Director
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John Ford has the most awards with four.
Academy Award for Best Director
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Clint Eastwood is the oldest winner for directing
Million Dollar Baby.
21.
Where the Wild Things Are (film)
–
Where the Wild Things Are is a 2009 fantasy drama film directed by Spike Jonze. Written by Jonze and Dave Eggers, it is adapted from Maurice Sendaks 1963 childrens book of the same name and it combines live-action, performers in costumes, animatronics, and computer-generated imagery. The film stars Max Records and features the voices of James Gandolfini, Paul Dano, Lauren Ambrose, Forest Whitaker, Catherine OHara, and Chris Cooper. The film centers on a lonely boy named Max who sails away to an island inhabited by creatures known as the Wild Things. The film was co-produced by actor Tom Hanks through his production company Playtone, where the Wild Things Are was a joint production between Australia, Germany, and the United States, and was filmed principally in Melbourne. The film was released on October 16,2009, in the United States, on December 3 in Australia, the film was met with mostly positive reviews and appeared on many year-end top ten lists. The film was released on DVD and Blu-ray on March 2,2010, the film begins with Max, a lonely eight-year-old boy with an active imagination whose parents are divorced, wearing a wolf costume and chasing his dog. His older sister, Claire, does nothing when her friends crush Maxs snow fort during a snowball fight, out of frustration, Max messes up her bedroom and destroys a frame that he had made for her. At school, Maxs teacher teaches him and his classmates about the death of the sun. Later on, his mother, Connie, invites her boyfriend Adrian to dinner, Max becomes upset with his mother for not coming to the fort he made in his room. He wears his costume, acts like an animal. When his mother gets upset, he throws a tantrum and bites her on the shoulder and she yells at him and he runs away, scared by what has transpired. At the edge of a pond, Max finds a boat that he boards. The pond soon becomes an ocean, Max, still in his wolf suit, eventually reaches an island. There, he stumbles upon a group of seven large, monstrous creatures, one of them, Carol, is in the middle of a destructive tantrum while the others attempt to stop him. As Carol wreaks havoc Max tries to join in on the mayhem, when they contemplate eating him, Max convinces them that he is a king with magical powers capable of bringing harmony to the group. They crown him as their new king, shortly after, K. W. returns and Max declares a wild rumpus, in which the Wild Things smash trees and tackle each other. The Wild Things introduce themselves as Carol, Ira, Judith, Alexander, Douglas, the Bull, soon, they all end up piling on one another before going to sleep, with Max at the center
Where the Wild Things Are (film)
–
Theatrical release poster
22.
Her (film)
–
Her is a 2013 American romantic science-fiction drama film written, directed, and produced by Spike Jonze. It marks Jonzes solo screenwriting debut, the film follows Theodore Twombly, a man who develops a relationship with Samantha, an intelligent computer operating system personified through a female voice. The film also stars Amy Adams, Rooney Mara, and Olivia Wilde, Jonze conceived the idea in the early 2000s after reading an article about a website that allowed for instant messaging with an artificial intelligence program. After making Im Here, a film sharing similar themes. He wrote the first draft of the script in five months, principal photography took place in Los Angeles and Shanghai in mid-2012. The role of Samantha was recast in post-production, with Samantha Morton being replaced with Johansson, additional scenes were filmed in August 2013 following the casting change. Her premiered at the 2013 New York Film Festival on October 12,2013, Warner Bros. initially provided a limited release for Her at six theaters on December 18. It was later given a release at over 1,700 theaters in the United States. Her received widespread acclaim upon its release, and grossed over $47 million worldwide on a production budget of $23 million. The film received awards and nominations, primarily for Jonzes screenplay. At the 86th Academy Awards, Her received five nominations, including Best Picture, Jonze also won awards for his screenplay at the 71st Golden Globe Awards, the 66th Writers Guild of America Awards, the 19th Critics Choice Awards, and the 40th Saturn Awards. Unhappy because of his divorce from his childhood sweetheart Catherine, Theodore purchases a talking operating system with artificial intelligence, designed to adapt. He decides that he wants the OS to have a female voice, Theodore is fascinated by her ability to learn and grow psychologically. They bond over their discussions about love and life, such as Theodores avoidance of signing his divorce papers because of his reluctance to let go of Catherine, Samantha proves to be constantly available, always curious and interested, supportive and undemanding. Samantha convinces Theodore to go on a date with a woman, with whom a friend. The date goes well, but Theodore hesitates to promise when he see her again, so she insults him. Theodore mentions this to Samantha, and they talk about relationships, Theodore explains that, although he and Amy dated briefly in college, they are only good friends, and that Amy is married. Theodores and Samanthas intimacy grows through a sexual encounter
Her (film)
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Theatrical release poster
Her (film)
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From left to right:
Joaquin Phoenix,
Spike Jonze,
Amy Adams,
Rooney Mara, and
Olivia Wilde at the premiere of Her at the 2013
New York Film Festival
23.
Michel Gondry
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Michel Gondry is a French independent film director, screenwriter, and producer. He is noted for his visual style and distinctive manipulation of mise en scène. He won an Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay as one of the writers of Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind and he is well known for his music video collaborations with Radiohead, Björk, Beck, The Chemical Brothers and The White Stripes. He is the grandson of inventor Constant Martin, Gondrys vision and career began with his emphasis on emotion. Much of his inspiration, he says, came from the film Le voyage en ballon and he stated, When I watch this movie, I dream Im flying and then I do stories where people are flying. His career as a filmmaker began with creating videos for the French rock band Oui Oui. The style of his videos for Oui Oui caught the attention of music artist Björk, the collaboration proved long-lasting, with Gondry directing a total of eight music videos for Björk. Other artists who have collaborated with Gondry on more than one occasion include Daft Punk, The White Stripes, The Chemical Brothers, The Vines, Steriogram, Radiohead, and Beck. Gondry’s video for Lucas Secons Lucas With The Lid Off was nominated in the Best Music Video category at the 37th Grammy Awards, Gondry, along with directors Spike Jonze and David Fincher, is representative of the influx of music video directors into feature film. Gondry made his film debut in 2001 with Human Nature. His second film, Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind, was released in 2004 and received favorable reviews. Eternal Sunshine utilizes many of the image manipulation techniques that Gondry had experimented with in his music videos, Gondry won an Academy Award alongside Kaufman and Pierre Bismuth for the screenplay of Eternal Sunshine. The style of Gondrys music videos often relies on videography and camera tricks which play with frames of reference and his following film, The Science of Sleep, hit theaters in September 2006. This film stars Mexican actor Gael García Bernal, and marked a return to the fantastical, surreal techniques he employed in Eternal Sunshine, according to the Guinness World Records 2004, Michel Gondrys Levis 501 Jeans Drugstore spot holds the record for Most awards won by a TV commercial. The commercial was never aired in North America because of the suggestive content involving purchasing latex condoms. He was asked by French comic duet Éric and Ramzy to direct Seuls Two, in September 2006, Gondry made his debut as an installation artist at Deitch Projects in New York Citys SoHo gallery district. A leitmotif of the film is a Disastrology calendar, Gondry commissioned the painter Baptiste Ibar to draw harrowing images of natural and human disasters. His brother Olivier Twist Gondry is also a commercial and music video director creating videos for bands such as The Stills, Hot Hot Heat, Daft Punk
Michel Gondry
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Gondry at the
Deauville American Film Festival in 2012
Michel Gondry
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Gondry in 2008
Michel Gondry
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Gondry participating with
The 1 Second Film in 2008
24.
Vice Media, Inc.
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Vice Media is a North American digital media and broadcasting company. The Viceland TV channel currently operates in international territories, with plans to expand to a total of 44 by the end of 2017. VICE Media broadcasts two news programs on HBO, VICE News Tonight, which premiered October 10,2016, showcases a nightly roundup of global news, technology, the environment, economics, and pop culture while eschewing traditional news anchors. HBO also broadcasts the Emmy-winning weekly documentary series VICE, which premiered on the network in April 2013, VICE features segments on global issues hosted by Shane Smith, co-founder Suroosh Alvi, and a rotating cast of correspondents. Originally based in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, VICE re-located to New York City in 2001. In 2014, VICE Media was the subject of a 10%, US$200 million equity investment by U. S. broadcasting company A&E Networks, Disney made a second 10%, US$200 million investment in 2015. They changed the name to VICE in 1996, and as the magazine became increasingly popular, after being acquired in 1999 and moving to New York City, the co-founders bought VICE back and moved to new offices in Williamsburg, Brooklyn in 2001. The magazine continued to gain attention and readership due to its content, commentary, and contributions from the likes of Terry Richardson, Ryan McGinley, the magazine then rapidly expanded internationally, with Andrew Creighton and Andy Capper co-founding the UK division of VICE. The magazine then expanded further into all 5 continents, in 2006, on the advice of creative director Spike Jonze, VICE began expanding into digital video, launching new video service VBS. tv as a joint venture with MTV Networks. VBS gained a fan base with shows like The VICE Guide To Travel, Epicly Later’d, the documentaries on the channel featured unusual subjects, and were hosted by young people working at VICE Media, often the founders themselves. VICE Media would later launch sites around Electronic music culture, global news, food, additionally, VICE Media launched Virtue Worldwide, a creative services agency, to expand their capabilities for work around their platforms. In 2008, co-founder Gavin McInnes left VICE Media due to differences with the company. He later co-founded Rooster, an agency, where he has since been terminated after publishing his controversial opinions on transgender issues. In 2012, VICE Media continued to expand its coverage focused around news, in mid-August 2013, Rupert Murdochs 21st Century Fox invested US$70 million in VICE Media, resulting in a 5 percent stake. Following the announcement, Smith explained, We have set ourselves up to build a global platform, in 2013 VICE Media premiered a new 30-minute news program for HBO titled VICE, executive produced by Bill Maher. In 2014, the season of the show won a Creative Arts Emmy Award for Outstanding Informational Series or Special in the 66th Primetime Creative Arts Emmy Awards. In 2014, VICE Media launched its news channel, VICE News, as of October 2014, the leader of BBC’s Newsdesk claimed the organization was “playing catch-up” to VICE News. VICE Media has routinely advocated for their brand of journalism in the pursuit of more authentic
Vice Media, Inc.
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Vice Media
Vice Media, Inc.
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Pictured: the Old Blue Last in 2012. Old Blue Last at Wikimedia Commons
25.
Bethesda, Maryland
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Bethesda is a census-designated place in southern Montgomery County, Maryland, United States, located just northwest of the U. S. capital of Washington, D. C. It takes its name from a church, the Bethesda Meeting House. In Aramaic, ܒܝܬ ܚܣܕܐ beth ḥesda means House of Mercy and in Hebrew, the National Institutes of Health main campus and the Walter Reed National Military Medical Center are in Bethesda, as are a number of corporate and government headquarters. In 2014 it placed first in Forbes list of Americas most educated small towns, as an unincorporated area, Bethesda has no official boundaries. The United States Census Bureau defines a place named Bethesda whose center is located at 38°59′N 77°7′W. The United States Geological Survey has defined Bethesda as an area whose center is at 38°58′50″N 77°6′2″W, other definitions are used by the Bethesda Urban Planning District, the United States Postal Service, and other organizations. According to estimates released by the U. S. Census Bureau in 2013, Most of Bethesdas residents are in Maryland Legislative District 16. Bethesda is situated along a thoroughfare that was originally the route of an ancient Native American trail. Henry Fleet, an English fur trader, was the first European to travel to the area, Most early settlers in Maryland were tenant farmers who paid their rent in tobacco. A small settlement grew around a store and tollhouse along the turnpike, by 1862, the community was known as Darcys Store after the owner of a local establishment, William E. Darcy. The church burned in 1849 and was rebuilt the same year about 100 yards south at its present site. Throughout most of the 19th century, Bethesda never developed beyond a small village, consisting of a post office, a blacksmith shop, a church and school. It was not until the installation of a line in 1890. Until that time, dependence on proximity to rail lines insulated Bethesda from growth, the arrival of the personal automobile ended this dependency, and Bethesda planners grew the community with the newest transportation revolution in mind. Subdivisions began to appear on old farmland, becoming the neighborhoods of Drummond, Woodmont, Edgemoor, further north, several wealthy men made Rockville Pike famous for its mansions. These included Brainard W. Parker, James Oyster, George E. Hamilton, wilson, Gilbert Hovey Grosvenor, and George Freeland Peter. In 1930, Dr Armistead Peters pioneering manor house Winona became the clubhouse of the original Woodmont Country Club, merle Thorpes mansion, Pooks Hill —on the site of the current neighborhood of the same name—became the home-in-exile of the Norwegian Royal Family during World War II. That war, and the expansion of government that it created, both the National Naval Medical Center and the NIH complex were built just to the north of the developing downtown
Bethesda, Maryland
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The intersection of
Maryland Route 187 (Old Georgetown Road),
Maryland Route 355 (
Wisconsin Avenue), and
Maryland Route 410 (East West Highway), near the
Bethesda Metro station entrance, in downtown Bethesda.
Bethesda, Maryland
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Boundaries of Bethesda CDP from
U.S. Census Bureau
Bethesda, Maryland
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Building 50 at
NIH.
Bethesda, Maryland
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Bethesda Avenue at night
26.
Gulph Mills, Pennsylvania
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Gulph Mills is an unincorporated community in Upper Merion Township, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania. It is served by the Upper Merion Area School District, there is a station on the Norristown High Speed Line. A grist mill here in 1747 supplied flour to the Continental Army during their stay at Valley Forge. General George Washingtons army encamped in the area for a week before departing for winter quarters at Valley Forge, Washington used the area as an ammunition depot during the autumn of 1777. The encampment is marked by a memorial erected by the Sons of the American Revolution in 1892, another attraction here is the Hanging Rock, a major distraction on Pennsylvania Route 320. Hanging Rock reportedly holds importance as a place by which George Washington led his troops, pennDOT has looked to remove Hanging Rock, but preservationists have battled such action since the 1970s. The Bridge in Upper Merion Township and Hanging Rock are listed on the National Register of Historic Places
Gulph Mills, Pennsylvania
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"Gulph Rock" or "Hanging Rock" located on Old Gulph Road. Photograph c. 1919
Gulph Mills, Pennsylvania
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Gulph Mill which supplied grain to George Washington's army. Photograph c. 1922
27.
Spiegel (catalog)
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Spiegel is an American direct marketing and catalog company which designs and markets womens apparel, accessories and footwear under the Spiegel, Newport News and Shape FX brands. Founded in April 1865, Spiegel is a leading US direct marketing retailer of apparel, accessories, as their desire grew for the latest fashions, Spiegel sent buyers to Paris fashion shows—the first catalog to bring European trends to American homes. By the late 1970s, millions of women began their steps in the ladder which led to Spiegel adapting to their product needs. As of 2015, Spiegel is a Lynn Tilton company focused on womens style, for the first 100 years of its history, Spiegel was primarily a family business. The company was founded in 1865 by Joseph Spiegel, the son of a German rabbi, after spending the final few months of the Civil War in a Confederate prison camp, Joseph Spiegel settled in Chicago, where his brother-in-law, Henry Liebenstein, ran a successful furniture business. With Liebensteins assistance, Joseph Spiegel opened J. Spiegel and Company, the business was quite successful in its early years. In 1871, however, the Great Chicago Fire destroyed most of the business district. After the fire, Joseph Spiegel and a partner named Jacob Cahn rebuilt the business, Cahn retired from the business in 1879, at which time the company was growing impressively. In 1885 Spiegel began running advertisements in several Chicago newspapers. Joseph Spiegels two oldest sons, Modie Spiegel and Sidney Spiegel, were brought into the business during this time, Spiegel issued its first catalogs in 1888. The catalogs were made available to customers who lived outside the city. Because a mail order system did not yet exist, the catalogs served instead to lure people into the downtown store, by 1892, however, business had taken a turn for the worse, as many customers were slow to pay for their purchases. With debts mounting, the company went bankrupt, at Modie Spiegels urging, the company reinvented itself as Spiegel House Furnishings Company of Chicago in 1893. The principal difference was that the new company, like others in the furniture business. The decision to offer installment plans, and the timing of the decision, the new Spiegel was an instant hit, and the first branch store was opened on Chicagos South Side in 1898. Another South Side branch went into three years later. The companys slogan--We Trust the People. —reflected its emphasis on credit merchandising, in 1903 Joseph Spiegels third son, Arthur, entered the business with a plan to develop mail order operations for Spiegel. After a couple years of lobbying, Arthur convinced the company hierarchy to open a mail order department, the new service was reflected by the addition of a word to the company motto, which began to read, We Trust the People--Everywhere
Spiegel (catalog)
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Spiegel
28.
German Jewish
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Jewish settlers founded the Ashkenazi Jewish community in the Early and High Middle Ages. The community survived under Charlemagne, but suffered during the Crusades, accusations of well poisoning during the Black Death led to mass slaughter of German Jews, and they fled in large numbers to Poland. The Jewish communities of the cities of Mainz, Speyer, and this was a golden age as area bishops protected the Jews resulting in increased trade and prosperity. The First Crusade began an era of persecution of Jews in Germany, Entire communities, like those of Trier, Worms, Mainz, and Cologne, were murdered. The war upon the Hussite heretics became the signal for renewed persecution of Jews, the end of the 15th century was a period of religious hatred that ascribed to Jews all possible evils. The atrocities during the Khmelnytsky Uprising committed by Khmelnytskyis Cossacks drove the Polish Jews back into western Germany, with Napoleons fall in 1815, growing nationalism resulted in increasing repression. From August to October 1819, pogroms that came to be known as the Hep-Hep riots took place throughout Germany, during this time, many German states stripped Jews of their civil rights. As a result, many German Jews began to emigrate, from the time of Moses Mendelssohn until the 20th century, the community gradually achieved emancipation, and then prospered. In January 1933, some 522,000 Jews lived in Germany, however, following the growth of Nazism and its antisemitic ideology and policies, the Jewish community was severely persecuted. Over half emigrated during the first six years of the Nazi dictatorship, in 1933, persecution of the Jews became an active Nazi policy. In 1935 and 1936, the pace of persecution of the Jews increased, in 1936, Jews were banned from all professional jobs, effectively preventing them from exerting any influence in education, politics, higher education, and industry. The SS ordered the Night of Broken Glass to be carried out the night of November 9–10,1938, the storefronts of Jewish shops and offices were smashed and vandalized, and many synagogues were destroyed by fire. Increasing antisemitism prompted a wave of a Jewish mass emigration from Germany throughout the 1930s, only roughly 214,000 Jews were left in Germany proper on the eve of World War II. Beginning in late 1941, the community was subjected to systematic deportations to ghettos. In May 1943, Germany was declared judenrein, by the end of the war, an estimated 160,000 to 180,000 German Jews had been killed under the Nazi regime, by the Germans and their collaborators. A total of about 6 million European Jews were murdered under the direction of the Nazis, after the war, the Jewish community in Germany started to slowly grow again. Currently in Germany, denial of the Holocaust or that six million Jews were murdered in the Holocaust is a criminal act, violations can be punished with up to five years of prison. In 2007, the Interior Minister of Germany, Wolfgang Schäuble, pointed out the policy of Germany, We will not tolerate any form of extremism, xenophobia
German Jewish
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Felix Mendelssohn
German Jewish
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Max Liebermann
German Jewish
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Emile Berliner
German Jewish
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Jews of Germany, 13th century
29.
San Francisco Art Institute
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San Francisco Art Institute is a private, non-profit college of contemporary art with the main campus in the Russian Hill district of San Francisco, California. Its graduate center is in the Dogpatch neighborhood, approximately 400 undergraduates and 200 graduate students are enrolled. Founded in 1871, SFAI is one of the oldest art schools in the United States, avery, Edward Bosque, Thomas Hill, and S. W. By 1874 the SFAA had 700 regular members and 100 life members, and had raised sufficient funds and the momentum to launch an art school. During Williams tenure, the CSD developed a reputation and amassed a significant collection of early California. Named the Mark Hopkins Institute of Art, it became San Franciscos first fine art and cultural center, through this new affiliation, students of the University of California, Berkeley were able to enroll in classes at the CSD. In 1906 the devastating fire following the San Francisco earthquake destroyed the Mark Hopkins Institute of Art building, at the time, the replacement value of the building and its contents was estimated at $2,573,000. However, the amount of numerous insurance policies yielded less than $100,000 for rebuilding. Nevertheless, within a year, the SFAA built a new but comparatively modest campus in the same location, in addition, the school was renamed the California School of Fine Arts to better reflect its mission to promote, develop and preserve regional art and culture. In 1926 the school moved to 800 Chestnut Street, which remains the main campus as of 2015. In 1930 Mexican muralist Diego Rivera was hired to paint The Making of a Fresco Showing the Building of a City, which is located in the student-directed art gallery. S. After World War II ended the school became a nucleus for Abstract Expressionism, with faculty including Clyfford Still, Ad Reinhardt, Mark Rothko, David Park, Elmer Bischoff, and Clay Spohn. Although painting and sculpture remained the dominant mediums for many years, in 1946 Ansel Adams and Minor White established the first fine-art photography department, with Imogen Cunningham, Edward Weston, and Dorothea Lange among its instructors. In 1947 distinguished filmmaker Sydney Peterson began the first film courses at CSFA, the roundtable aimed to expose “hidden assumptions” and to frame new questions about art. By the early 1950s San Franciscos North Beach had become the West Coast center of the Beat Movement, and music, poetry, collage artist Jess Collins renounced a career as a plutonium developer and enrolled at SFAI as a painting student. In 1953 he and his partner, poet Robert Duncan, along with painter Harry Jacobus, started the King Ubu Gallery, an important alternative space for art, poetry, a distinctly Californian modern art soon emerged that fused abstraction, figuration, narrative, and jazz. Students at the school, including David Simpson, William T, renamed San Francisco Art Institute in 1961, SFAI rejected the distinction between fine and applied arts. Alumni Ruth-Marion Baruch and Pirkle Jones documented the early days of the Black Panther Party in northern California
San Francisco Art Institute
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San Francisco Art Institute
San Francisco Art Institute
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The roof terrace of the San Francisco Art Institute offers a scenic view over the city.
30.
Walt Whitman High School (Bethesda, Maryland)
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The school is named in honor of the American poet. It is fed into by Thomas W. Pyle Middle School, the school opened in the fall of 1962 with 1,418 students. Designed by local architect, Anthony Ferrara, it was built on 17 levels, with a center courtyard, a Ford Foundation grant underwrote the design and construction of the dome. In 1981, a 1, 176-seat auditorium was added to the school, daryl Shaw served as the inaugural principal from 1962 until 1975. Jerome Marco was principal from 1975 until his retirement in 2004, today, the Principal is Alan Goodwin, who was assistant principal for several years before taking his current post. Five elementary schools feed Thomas W. Pyle Middle School, which in turn feeds Walt Whitman, the elementary schools are Wood Acres, Bannockburn, Burning Tree, Carderock Springs, and Bradley Hills. The Bethesda area is served by Whitman High School, Walter Johnson High School, the Black & White is the student-run newspaper. It was established in 1961 and produces nine issues each academic year, the newspaper was inducted into the National Scholastic Press Association Hall of Fame in 1991. Walt Whitman is often noted as one of Marylands best high schools, in 2008, Newsweek ranked Whitman at #69 on its Best High Schools in America list. In 2015, Whitman remained ranked as the best high school in Maryland, in 2016, Whitman was once again ranked as the best high school in Maryland and #63 nationwide. Students can choose from 16 varsity sports and several club sports, such as ice hockey, rowing
Walt Whitman High School (Bethesda, Maryland)
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Pride + Determination = Success
Walt Whitman High School (Bethesda, Maryland)
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Walt Whitman High School
.jpg)
