Stanford University Medical Center is a medical complex which includes Stanford Health Care and Stanford Children's Health. It is ranked as one of the best hospitals in the United States and serves as a teaching hospital for the Stanford University School of Medicine. Stanford Health Care is located at 500 Pasteur Drive, California, it is ranked as one of the best hospitals in the United States by US News and World Report and serves as the primary teaching hospital for the Stanford University School of Medicine. The facility, located at the north end of the university campus, includes the main hospital building, Stanford Comprehensive Cancer Center, Blake Wilbur Building, Boswell Building, Hoover Pavilion, Neurosciences Health Center, the Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences building, as well as miscellaneous professional offices & departments of the School of Medicine and Stanford Health Care, plus the recent expansions; the roof of the main building contains a landing facility and Life Flight helicopter.

Stanford Health Care provides both general acute care services and tertiary medical care for patients locally and internationally. Organ transplantation, cancer diagnosis and treatment, cardiovascular medicine and surgery, neurosciences are clinical specialties of worldwide renown. Among its many achievements, the first combined heart-lung transplant in the world was completed at Stanford University Medical Center in 1981; the hospital plays a key role in the training of other medical professionals. It provides a clinical environment for the medical school’s researchers as they study ways to translate new knowledge into effective patient care. Full-time Stanford faculty and community physicians make up the hospital medical staff. Stanford Hospital is home to a Level I trauma center, it became a trauma center in 1986 and first received American College of Surgeons certification as a Level I trauma center in 1998. The hospital's history began with the foundation of the Stanford Home for Convalescent Children in 1911.

When the Stanford Medical School moved south from San Francisco in 1959, the Stanford Hospital was established and was co-owned with the city of Palo Alto. It was renamed; the Beckman Center for Molecular and Genetic Medicine opened in 1989. In 1999, Stanford University approved a $185 million, five-year plan to improve the 40-year-old School of Medicine facility; the Center for Clinical Sciences Research opened in 2000. The Clark Center for interdisciplinary research and bioengineering opened in 2004. In 2009, the Stanford outpatient clinics, which were running out of expansion room, were relocated to the Stanford Medicine Outpatient Center, a large new site in Redwood City, California occupied by the corporate headquarters of Excite@Home; the buildings were extensively remodeled for medical use to provide facilities the clinics' old homes lacked. For example, the Sleep Medicine Center's new sleep lab has thorough soundproofing and can accommodate a few morbidly obese patients. In 2018, these outpatient facilities were expanded to receive the main campus’s outgoing Digestive Health Center and endoscopy suite, to make room for the new expansions/renovations at the main Stanford Hospital, in addition to nearly doubling the existing imaging facilities and adding an external parking structure at the Stanford Outpatient Center.

The inpatient facilities remain on the main campus, which as of 2019, has undergone another round of major expansions and revitalization, including a brand-new inpatient structure, renovation of the old inpatient building, renovations of the Cancer Center and Blake Wilbur Building, brand new emergency facilities, all located on a plot adjacent to the existing hospital. These major renovations are part of Stanford University‘s long-term master planning for renovation and medical advancement, which have included past projects such as the Lucille Salter Packard Children‘s Hospital at Stanford and the Stanford Neurosciences Health Center; the Stanford Life Flight program began May 1, 1984. Its aircraft is an EC 145 helicopter that can fly under both visual and instrument flight rules, allowing for response to calls in nearly any weather; the aircraft accommodates two patients with two flight nurses, or one patient with up to four caregivers, plus the pilot. The hospital's medical staff numbers 1,910 with an additional 850 interns and residents, as well as nearly 1,500 registered nurses and 610 licensed beds.

Stanford Clinics, the group practice of most faculty physicians of Stanford University School of Medicine, includes 493 full-time faculty physicians. Their areas of expertise range from primary care to the most advanced medical and surgical specialties. Stanford Clinics offer subspecialty service areas. Under the supervision of faculty physicians, Stanford medical students and residents participate in patient care in most specialties; the clinics participate in preferred provider health care programs as well as MediCal. Stanford University Medical Center is world-renowned for its work in cardiovascular medicine and cardiothoracic surgery, organ transplantation, neurology and cancer medicine, it hosts 20,000 inpatients yearly. In 2017, Stanford Hospital was ranked by U. S. News & World Report as the 9th-best hospital out of 5,462 medical centers in the United States, third in the West Coast after the UCSF Medical Center and the UCL

3rd Battalion, 14th Marine Regiment is a reserve artillery battalion comprising four firing batteries and a headquarters battery. The battalion is based in Bristol and its primary weapon system is the M777 howitzer with a maximum effective range of 30 km, they fall under the command of the 4th Marine Division. Third Battalion, 14th Marine Regiment, 4th Marine Division was activated on 22 July 1942 as 3d Battalion, 12th Marine Regiment, 3d Marine Division, it was re-designated 3d Battalion, 14th Marine Regiment, 4th Marine Division on 20 February 1943. This makes it the first battalion in the 14th Marine Regiment to be activated for service in the Pacific War; the battalion trained at Camp Lejeune, North Carolina. From September 1943 to January 1944, the entire 14th Marine Regiment conducted training at Camp Pendleton, Camp Dunlap, Aliso Canyon, San Clemente in California. Lieutenant Colonel Robert E. MacFarlane was appointed commanding officer, he would remain in that role for the duration of most combat operations during World War IIOn 6 January 1944, 3d Battalion embarked ships for deployment in the Operation Flintlock, the U.

S. campaign to take the Marshall Islands. On the morning of 31 January, elements of 1st Battalion, 25th Marines cleared the islet of Ennuebing, southwest of Roi-Namur in the Kwajalein Atoll. 3d Battalion landed on Ennuebing with the mission of supporting the landing on Roi-Namur. During the landing, two 75mm howitzers were lost and four Marines died after two LVTs sank. Hardy, Jr. USN, received the Navy and Marine Corps Medal for swimming out to the floundering LVTs in order to assist Marines and Sailors. Third Battalion began firing on enemy Japanese positions on Roi at 6:58am on 1 February in support of 2d Battalion, 23d Marines. Roi was taken by 23d Marines; the successful assault was due to supporting arms, including artillery from 3/14. Third Battalion embarked upon the USS La Salle, USS Sheridan, USS Calvert, departing from the Kwajalein Atoll on 5 February and arriving at Maui, Territory of Hawaii on 16 February. While at Maui, 3d Battalion rested and refitted, received replacements, conducted training, rearmed with M2A1 105mm cannons.

On 12 May 1944, all of 14th Marines, including 3d Battalion, embarked on board USS Leonard Wood and stopped at Pearl Harbor before setting sail towards Saipan in the Northern Mariana Islands in order to participate in Operation Forager. On 15 June, infantry units of the 4th Marine Division began landing on the southwestern coast of Saipan; as the assault on the beaches stalled, 14th Marines was ordered at 1:15pm to land. Third Battalion was the first artillery unit to arrive on the shore. By 2:45pm, 3d Battalion had pushed 50 yards inland of Yellow Beach 2 and began firing in support of the 25th Marine Regiment. At 3:30am on 16 June, 3d Battalion was critical in stopping Japanese counterattack against Company C, 1st Battalion, 25th Marines; the 4th Marine Division made a drive towards Mt. Tapochau and Magicienne Bay; the island was the battle over on 9 July. Tinian, a little more than three miles south of Saipan, was the next objective for U. S. forces. During the beginning phases of battle, 3d Battalion was positioned on the southwestern corner of Saipan, where it provided supporting fires to the 4th Marine Division as it landed on the northwestern corner of Tinian on J-Day, 24 July 1944.

On the afternoon of 26 July, 3d Battalion became the first artillery unit with guns larger than 75mm to land on Tinian. The island was declared secure on 1 August, but on 4 August, Battery I of 3d Battalion repulsed a Japanese attack, marking the last combat action of the Mariana Islands campaign for 14th Marines. Third Battalion boarded SS Jean Lafitte from 5–14 August and arrived at Kahului on the island of Maui sometime between 24 and 31 August. For its actions during the Battles of Saipan and Tinian, 3d Battalion received a Presidential Unit Citation. In 2004, Mike Battery, out of Chattanooga, Tennessee deployed to Fallujah and took part in Operation Phantom Fury to re-take the insurgent-held city, they deployed again in 2007 in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom. During this second deployment, they were attached to 2nd Light Armored Reconnaissance Battalion, Regimental Combat Team 5 and operated in the vicinity of Ar Rutbah under the callsign, "Excalibur". In 2007, the unit suffered one casualty Cpl Dustin J. Lee.

On July 16, 2015, four Marines with Mike Battery's Inspector-Instructor staff were killed by a gunman, embarking on a shooting spree targeting military installations. In addition, a sailor died from his wounds two days later; some of the 3/14 Marines killed in action were killed while returning fire at the gunman, providing cover for a larger group of potential victims who were escaping over a fence. They were identified as: In addition, Sergeant DeMonte Cheeley, was shot in the leg; the Battery Commander during the shootings, Major Mike Abrams, declared during the memorial service that his Marines "were selfless in their efforts to take care of one another, they acted with unquestionable courage." List of United States Marine Corps battalions Organization of the United States Marine Corps This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Marine Corps. Web

MiniDisc is a magneto-optical disc-based data storage format offering a capacity of 60, 74 minutes and 80 minutes, of digitized audio or 1 gigabyte of Hi-MD data. Sony brand audio players were on the market in September 1992. Sony announced the MiniDisc in September 1992 and released it in November of that year for sale in Japan and in December in Europe, the US and other countries; the music format was based on ATRAC audio data compression, but the option of linear PCM digital recording was introduced to meet audio quality comparable to that of a compact disc. MiniDiscs were popular in Japan and found moderate success in Europe. Sony has ceased development of MD devices, with the last of the players sold by March 2013. US and foreign patents licensed from Dolby Laboratories. In 1983, just a year after the introduction of the Compact Disc, Kees Schouhamer Immink and Joseph Braat presented the first experiments with erasable magneto-optical Compact Discs during the 73rd AES Convention in Eindhoven.

It took, however 10 years before their idea was commercialized. Sony's MiniDisc was one of two rival digital systems, both introduced in 1992, that were targeted as replacements for the Philips Compact Cassette analog audio tape system: the other was Digital Compact Cassette, created by Philips and Matsushita. Sony had intended Digital Audio Tape to be the dominant home digital audio recording format, replacing the analog cassette. Due to technical delays, DAT was not launched until 1989, by the U. S. dollar had fallen so far against the yen that the introductory DAT machine Sony had intended to market for about $400 in the late 1980s now had to retail for $800 or $1000 to break putting it out of reach of most users. Relegating DAT to professional use, Sony set to work to come up with a simpler, more economical digital home format. By the time Sony came up with MiniDisc in late 1992, Philips had introduced a competing system, DCC; this created marketing confusion similar to the Betamax versus VHS battle of the late 1970s and early 1980s.

Sony attempted to license MD technology to other manufacturers, with JVC, Pioneer and others all producing their own MD systems. However, non-Sony machines were not available in North America, companies such as Technics and Radio Shack tended to promote DCC instead. Despite having a loyal customer base of musicians and audio enthusiasts, MiniDisc met with only limited success in the United States, it was popular in Japan and the United Kingdom during the 1990s, but did not enjoy comparable sales in other world markets. Since recordable CDs, flash memory and HDD and solid-state-based digital audio players such as iPods have become popular as playback devices; the initial low uptake of MiniDisc was attributed to the small number of pre-recorded albums available on MD as few record labels embraced the format. The initial high cost of equipment and blank media was a factor. Mains-powered hi-fi MiniDisc player/recorders never got into the lower price ranges, most consumers had to connect a portable machine to the hi-fi in order to record.

This inconvenience contrasted with the earlier common use of cassette decks as a standard part of an ordinary hi-fi set-up. MiniDisc technology was faced with new competition from the recordable compact disc when it became more affordable to consumers beginning around 1996. Sony believed that it would take around a decade for CD-R prices to become affordable – the cost of a typical blank CD-R disc was around $12 in 1994 – but CD-R prices fell much more than envisioned, to the point where CD-R blanks sank below $1 per disc by the late 1990s, compared to at least $2 for the cheapest 80-minute MiniDisc blanks; the biggest competition for MiniDisc came from the emergence of MP3 players. With the Diamond Rio player in 1998 and the Apple iPod, the mass market began to eschew physical media in favor of file-based systems. By 2007, because of the waning popularity of the format and the increasing popularity of solid-state MP3 players, Sony was producing only one model, the Hi-MD MZ-RH1 available as the MZ-M200 in North America packaged with a Sony microphone and limited Apple Macintosh software support.

The introduction of the MZ-RH1 allowed users to move uncompressed digital recordings back and forth from the MiniDisc to a computer without the copyright protection limitations imposed upon the NetMD series. This allowed the MiniDisc to better compete with MP3 players. However, most pro users like broadcasters and news reporters had abandoned MiniDisc in favor of solid-state recorders, due to their long recording times, open digital content sharing, high-quality digital recording capabilities and reliable, lightweight design. On 7 July 2011, Sony announced that it would no longer ship MiniDisc Walkman products as of September 2011 killing the format. On 1 February 2013, Sony issued a press release on the Nikkei stock exchange that it will cease shipment of all MD devices, with last of the players to be sold in March 2013. However, it would continue to offer repair services. MD Data, a version for storing computer data, was announced by Sony in 1993 but never gained significant ground, its media were incompatible with standard audio MiniDiscs, cited as one of the main reasons behind the format's failure.

MD Data could not write to audio-MDs, only the more expensive data blanks. In 1997, MD-Data2 blanks were introduced, they were only implemented in Sony's short-lived MD-based camcorder as well as a small number of multi-track recorders.

Mayumi Miyata is a Japanese player of the shō, a traditional Japanese mouth organ. Miyata was born on April 1, 1954, in Tokyo and graduated from the Kunitachi College of Music, where she majored in piano. While in school, she began studying gagaku music from Ono Tadamaro of the Imperial Household Agency. Although the shō is associated with Japan's ancient gagaku court music, Miyata was among the first players of the instrument to specialize in contemporary classical music, she plays a specially constructed instrument with extra pipes, allowing for the use of more chromaticism. The US composer John Cage composed a number of works for Miyata just before his death. Cage met her during the 1990 Darmstadt summer course, she has premiered works by Tōru Takemitsu, Toshi Ichiyanagi, Maki Ishii, Joji Yuasa, Klaus Huber, Toshio Hosokawa, Uroš Rojko. In 2005, Miyata performed in three songs by the Icelandic musician Björk, for the soundtrack album to Drawing Restraint 9, a film by Björk's contemporary media artist boyfriend Matthew Barney, about Japanese culture and whaling.

Miyata appeared in the film, playing the shō in one scene. One of Miyata's compositions, "Music for Shō and Harp", was sampled in the Björk single, "Venus as a Boy", she has performed in Japan, the United States, Europe. Her notable students include Kō Ishikawa. Chaya Czernowin: Die Kreuzung - on Mode Records 77 John Cage Edition Vol. 23 - Two4 - on Mode Records 88 John Cage Edition Vol. 26 - One9 - on Mode Records 108 Helmut Lachenmann: Das Mädchen mit den Schwefelhölzern - ECM New Series 1858/59 Toshio Hosokawa - Landscapes - ECM New Series 2095 Medal with Purple Ribbon Page, Tim. "Miyata Plays the Sho". The New York Times. Mayumi Miyata Profile at Mode Records

The Križančevo Selo killings occurred in Križančevo Selo, a hamlet in the Lašva Valley in central Bosnia, where a disputed number as many as 74, Croat soldiers and civilians were killed during an attack by the Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina on Croatian Defence Council positions from 22–23 December 1993. The attack occurred when the region was embroiled in the Croat–Bosniak war, eight months after the Ahmići massacre in the nearby village of Ahmići. Križančevo Selo is a hamlet situated near the town of Vitez, near the larger villages of Dubravica and Šantići, it was a Croatian Defence Council military base according to a witness. As of April 2010, publicly available details about the exact circumstances of these events are scarce; the authorities of the self-proclaimed Croatian Republic of Herzeg-Bosnia claimed that a massacre began in the aftermath of the military attack, with prisoners of war executed, with some tortured and/or massacred, along with several civilians, listed names of 52 persons whose bodies they identified.

The incident did not undergo a judicial investigation at the time. The site was inspected by local UNPROFOR forces on 6 January 1994; this was mentioned in one ICTY case, The Prosecutor vs. Kordić and Čerkez, when one witness, Colonel Peter Gage Williams of the UK, part of UNPROFOR forces on the ground at the time, was asked by the Prosecution about "deaths of 60 or 70 Croats at Križančevo selo", he explained that their January 1994 investigation, during which they found 27 bodies and exhumed nine, suggested that there was "no evidence to support the theory of a massacre". The attack was given official recognition from both relevant sides in the conflict in 2010, when the Croatian president Ivo Josipović, Bosnian Roman Catholic Cardinal Archbishop Vinko Puljić, Bosniak imam Mustafa Cerić made a joint visit at the sites of Ahmići massacre and this case, paid respect to the victims. Ivo Josipović made an official visit to Bosnia during which he expressed a "deep regret" for Croatia's involvement in efforts to divide Bosnia and Herzegovina in the 1990s, resulting in the Croat–Bosniak war and suffering for many people on both sides.

According to the public-service broadcasting organization of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina report about Josipović's visit, thirty four Croatian Defence Council soldiers were killed during an Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina attack. However, the Rijeka-based daily Novi list and some other Croatian web sites in their reports about Josipović's visit included information about seventy four soldiers and civilians killed in the attack. Croat–Bosniak War Lašva Valley ethnic cleansing

William Freney, an Englishman, was a Dominican friar and archbishop of Edessa. His career was divided between the Levant, he served as a negotiator for both English kings and Popes. In 1254, William was in Rome seeking the commutation of King Henry III's crusader vow. On 1 August 1263, Pope Urban IV instructed the Latin patriarch of Antioch, Opizo di Fieschi, to consecrate William to a diocese or archdiocese of his choosing in Arabia, Media or Armenia. According to Urban's letter, William had been raised to episcopal status and was planning a trip to the East. Opizo was prohibited from giving William an archdiocese subject to Antioch, but only one subject directly to Rome and so he consecrated him archbishop of Edessa; the city of Edessa was mistakenly identified with Rages in Europe. It had had Latin archbishops in the early twelfth century, but had been under Muslim rule since 1144. William was to be the only thirteenth-century archbishop, his appointment may have been intended to facilitate missionary activity "in infidel lands".

William's good knowledge of several languages made him valuable as a diplomat. In 1264, Urban sent William on an embassy to Hethum I, king of Armenia, his mission was a success. Good relations between Armenia and the Papacy were restored and influenced by William, Hethum expressed a desire to establish a Dominican monastery in his kingdom. William's whereabouts between 1267 and 1273 are unknown, he may have accompanied Prince Edward on his crusade to Syria in 1271–72. William spent 1265–67—the height of the Second Barons' War—in England. On 12 February 1265, King Henry III assigned him the deanery of Wimborne for his maintenance until either he returned to his diocese or obtained another title. In September, Henry revoked this grant and instead assigned William a yearly pension of 50 marks from the revenues of the manor of Havering. In October, he granted William the manor itself for life. In February 1266, William was given the manor of Silverstone to be held at the king's pleasure; that year, the king received complaints about William's procurations, by May 1267 the manors had been bestowed on others.

In 1266, William tried to negotiate with the rebellious garrison of Kenilworth Castle on behalf of the besieging royalist army, but he was refused entry into the castle. On 21 July 1266, the king charged him with escorting certain rebel representatives to court for peace negotiations, but these too failed; the chronicler William Rishanger nonetheless recalls him as "a man of discretion and praiseworthy eloquence". William may have left England around the time. If so, he had returned by August 1273, when Edward, who in the meantime had succeeded Henry as king, granted the archbishop a tun of wine. William seems to have remained in England after that associating himself with Norfolk and assisting the English church where he could. In 1274, he granted the monks of Bury St Edmunds a forty-day indulgence for those visiting the prior's chapel to pray for the souls of past abbots and venerate the wooden bier on which Egelwin had brought the body of Edmund the Martyr to Bury St Edmunds in 1014. On 28 December 1275, he consecrated the prior's chapel dedicated to Saints Stephen and Edmund at Bury St Edmunds.

By 1276 William was acting as a suffragan bishop of the diocese of Norwich under Roger Skerning. In that year, he consecrated a site for the erection of a Carmelite priory in Norwich and the high altar at Bishop's Lynn. In November 1277, he was acting as a Papal nuncio when he wrote to Godfrey Giffard, bishop of Worcester, about collecting Peter's pence; that year Edward gave him two more tuns of wine. In November 1278, he assisted the new bishop, William Middleton, in the consecration of Norwich Cathedral. In 1280, he was attended the translation of the remains of Hugh of Lincoln to Norwich. In 1282, William received the manor of Cringleford, his last appearance in the record is in 1286. There is no evidence that he went to the East after 1273, nor is there any indication of his date of death, he was buried in a Dominican friary and his tombstone removed during the dissolution to St Mary's Church in Rhuddlan, where it resides today. It bears the effigy of a bishop with crozier, its inscription, in Norman French, reads, "Pray for the soul of Friar William Freney, archbishop of Rages"