1.
501st Legion
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The 501st Legion, called by its nickname Vader’s Fist, is made up entirely of volunteers. Formed by South Carolina residents Albin Johnson and Tom Crews in August 1997, the Legion is active on 6 continents, with local units known as Garrisons and Outposts in over 60 countries around the globe. Legion members make appearances at casual, promotional, and charitable events, although not officially affiliated with the Walt Disney Company or Lucasfilm LLC. the 501st Legion is Lucasfilms preferred Imperial costuming organization. In 1997, Albin Johnson set up a Geocities website called Detention Block 2551 as a place to post photos of himself, arnie DeHerrera started Stormtrooperland at the same time in 1997 and started email conversation with Albin and Tom. This evolved quickly into the current red, black, and white logo with the phrase, what he started soon blossomed into a global phenomenon – a fan-based costuming club unlike any other. The Legion ranks swelled, and regional subdivisions called Garrisons, Squads, custom creations are generally not eligible for membership, and all applicants are reviewed by their local units and Legion Membership Officers prior to approval into the member database. Early events attended by the Legion were mostly science-fiction and comic book conventions or related to the release of the Star Wars movies in theaters, but members were looking for more frequent reasons to meet up with their new-found Legion friends and show off their costumes together. The Legion then became a force for doing good, expanding into an organization that has been likened to a Shriners or Lions Club for a modern generation. At this watershed moment for the club, Lucas and Johnson discussed the future of the rapidly growing Legion, and an unofficial partnership was born. The Legion does not charge for its services or appearances, however, since its inception, the membership numbers have grown by thousands, and the 501st has gained renown as one of the most respected and professional costuming organizations in the world. Johnson and Tom chose the name in 1997 to represent a fictional unit of Imperial stormtroopers. He wanted to ground the group in a world and to pay homage to the fighting units of true military heroes. In 2004, author Timothy Zahn, with Lucasfilm’s approval, honored the group by incorporating the 501st Legion Elite Stormtrooper Unit into his Star Wars novel Survivors Quest. Several other authors have followed suit and solidified the Legion’s name in the official Star Wars universe. In 2005, the 501st Legion finally hit “mainstream” Star Wars canon with its inclusion in the novelization of Star Wars, Episode III, the 501st name continued to appear in all manner of Star Wars expanded universe media until its suspension and rebranding to Star Wars Legends in 2014. The 501st Legion is an organization formed for the express purpose of bringing together costume enthusiasts from around the world under a collective identity within which to operate. The 501st Legion brings these together, reinforcing the enduring longevity of the Star Wars saga. Some fans are content to collect action figures, other fans want to be action figures
2.
Star Wars
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Star Wars is an American epic space opera franchise, centered on a film series created by George Lucas. It depicts the adventures of characters a long time ago in a galaxy far, far away. The franchise began in 1977 with the release of the film Star Wars and it was followed by the successful sequels The Empire Strikes Back and Return of the Jedi, these three films constitute the original Star Wars trilogy. A prequel trilogy was released between 1999 and 2005, which received mixed-to-negative reactions, a sequel trilogy began in 2015 with the release of Star Wars, The Force Awakens. All seven films were nominated for Academy Awards and have been successes, with a combined box office revenue of over $7.5 billion. Spin-off films include Star Wars, The Clone Wars and Rogue One, Star Wars also holds a Guinness World Records title for the Most successful film merchandising franchise. In 2015, the value of the Star Wars franchise was estimated at USD $42 billion. In 2012, The Walt Disney Company acquired Lucasfilm for $4.06 billion and earned the rights to all subsequent Star Wars films. Walt Disney Studios owns digital distribution rights to all the Star Wars films, the events depicted in the Star Wars franchise take place in an unnamed fictional galaxy at an undetermined point in the distant past. Many species of creatures are depicted. Robotic droids are also commonplace and are built to serve their owners. Space travel is common, and many planets in the galaxy are members of a single galactic government. In the prequel trilogy, this is depicted in the form of the Galactic Republic, at the end of the trilogy and throughout the original trilogy. Preceding and during the trilogy, this government is the New Republic. One of the prominent elements of Star Wars is the Force and it is described in the first produced film as an energy field created by all living things surrounds us, penetrates us, binds the galaxy together. While the Force can be used for good, known as the side, it also has a dark side that, when pursued, imbues users with hatred, aggression. The sequel trilogy introduces the Knights of Ren, an order of practitioners of the side of the Force aligned with the First Order. The first film in the series, Star Wars, was released on May 25,1977 and this was followed by two sequels, The Empire Strikes Back, released on May 21,1980, and Return of the Jedi, released on May 25,1983
3.
Lucasfilm
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LLC is an American film and television production company based in the Letterman Digital Arts Center in San Francisco, California. The studio is best known for creating and producing the Star Wars and Indiana Jones franchises, as well as its leadership in developing special effects, sound and computer animation for film. Lucasfilm was founded by filmmaker George Lucas in 1971 in San Rafael, California, the Walt Disney Company acquired Lucasfilm in 2012 at a valuation of $4.06 billion. Lucasfilm was founded by filmmaker George Lucas in 1971, and incorporated as Lucasfilm Ltd. on September 12,1977, on July 8,2005, Lucasfilms marketing, online, and licensing units moved into the new Letterman Digital Arts Center located in the Presidio in San Francisco. It shares the complex with Industrial Light & Magic, Lucasfilm had planned an expansion at Skywalker Ranch in Marin County, California, but shelved the plan in 2012 due to opposition from neighbors. However, it plans to expand elsewhere. Skywalker Sound remains the only Lucasfilm division based at Skywalker Ranch, in January 2012, Lucas announced his retirement from producing large-scale blockbuster films and instead re-focusing his career on smaller, independently budgeted features. She would in June 2013 and is now chairperson of Lucasfilm, on September 5,2012, Micheline Chau, who served as president and COO of Lucasfilm for two decades, announced that she was retiring. With her departure, senior executives for each of the Lucasfilm divisions will report directly to Kathleen Kennedy, Chau was credited with keeping the Lucasfilm and Star Wars brands strong, especially through animation spin-offs and licensing initiatives. Lucas told Iger he was considering retirement and planned to sell the company, on October 30,2012, Disney announced a deal to acquire Lucasfilm for $4.05 billion, with approximately half in cash and half in shares of Disney stock. Kathleen Kennedy, co-chairman of Lucasfilm, became president of Lucasfilm, additionally she serves as the brand manager for Star Wars, working directly with Disneys global lines of business to build, further integrate, and maximize the value of this global franchise. Kennedy serves as producer on new Star Wars feature films, with George Lucas originally announced as serving as creative consultant, the company also announced the future release of new Star Wars films, starting with Star Wars, The Force Awakens in 2015. Disney also acquired Lucasfilms portfolio of entertainment technologies, the intent was for Lucasfilm employees to remain in their current locations. Star Wars merchandising would begin under Disney in the fiscal year 2014, starting with Star Wars Rebels, certain products will be co-branded with the Disney brand, akin to what Disney has done with Pixar. On December 4,2012, the Disney-Lucasfilm merger was approved by the Federal Trade Commission, on December 18,2012, Lucasfilm Ltd. was reincorporated as Lucasfilm Ltd. LLC, and on December 21,2012, the deal was announced to be completed, in April 2013, the development arm of the LucasArts division was closed down and most of its staff was laid off. However, LucasArts remained open with a staff of fewer than ten employees so it could retain its function as a video game licensor. On May 6,2013, Disney announced a deal with Electronic Arts to produce Star Wars games for the core gaming market
4.
Denver
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Denver, officially the City and County of Denver, is the capital and most populous municipality of the U. S. state of Colorado. Denver is in the South Platte River Valley on the edge of the High Plains just east of the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains. The Denver downtown district is immediately east of the confluence of Cherry Creek with the South Platte River, Denver is nicknamed the Mile-High City because its official elevation is exactly one mile above sea level, making it the highest major city in the United States. The 105th meridian west of Greenwich, the reference for the Mountain Time Zone. Denver is ranked as a Beta- world city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network. With a 2015 estimated population of 682,545, Denver ranks as the 19th-most populous U. S. city, and with a 2. 8% increase in 2015, the city is also the fastest-growing major city in the United States. The 10-county Denver-Aurora-Lakewood, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area had an estimated 2015 population of 2,814,330 and ranked as the 19th most populous U. S. metropolitan statistical area. The 12-city Denver-Aurora, CO Combined Statistical Area had an estimated 2015 population of 3,418,876, which ranks as the 16th most populous U. S. metropolitan area. Denver is the most populous city of the 18-county Front Range Urban Corridor, Denver is the most populous city within a 500-mile radius and the second-most populous city in the Mountain West after Phoenix, Arizona. In 2016, Denver was named the best place to live in the USA by U. S. News & World Report and this was the first historical settlement in what was later to become the city of Denver. The site faded quickly, however, and by the summer of 1859 it was abandoned in favor of Auraria, Larimer named the townsite Denver City to curry favor with Kansas Territorial Governor James W. Denver. Larimer hoped the name would help make it the county seat of Arapaho County but, unbeknownst to him. The location was accessible to existing trails and was across the South Platte River from the site of seasonal encampments of the Cheyenne, the site of these first towns is now the site of Confluence Park near downtown Denver. Larimer, along with associates in the St. Charles City Land Company, sold parcels in the town to merchants and miners, Denver City was a frontier town, with an economy based on servicing local miners with gambling, saloons, livestock and goods trading. In the early years, land parcels were often traded for grubstakes or gambled away by miners in Auraria, in May 1859, Denver City residents donated 53 lots to the Leavenworth & Pikes Peak Express in order to secure the regions first overland wagon route. Offering daily service for passengers, mail, freight, and gold, in 1863, Western Union furthered Denvers dominance of the region by choosing the city for its regional terminus. The Colorado Territory was created on February 28,1861, Arapahoe County was formed on November 1,1861, Denver City served as the Arapahoe County Seat from 1861 until consolidation in 1902. In 1867, Denver City became the territorial capital, with its newfound importance, Denver City shortened its name to Denver
5.
Orlando, Florida
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Orlando is a city in the U. S. state of Florida and the county seat of Orange County. Located in Central Florida, it is the center of the Orlando metropolitan area, which had a population of 4,000,002, according to U. S. As of 2015, Orlando had an estimated population of 270,934, making it the 73rd-largest city in the United States, the fourth-largest city in Florida. The City of Orlando is nicknamed The City Beautiful, and its symbol is the fountain at Lake Eola, Orlando is also known as The Theme Park Capital of the World and in 2014 its tourist attractions and events drew more than 62 million visitors. The Orlando International Airport is the thirteenth-busiest airport in the United States, with the exception of Walt Disney World, most major attractions are located along International Drive. The city is one of the busiest American cities for conferences and conventions. Orlando is home to the University of Central Florida, which is the largest university campus in the United States in terms of enrollment as of 2015, in 2010, Orlando was listed as a Gamma− level of world-city in the World Cities Study Groups inventory. Orlando ranks as the fourth-most popular American city based on where people want to live according to a 2009 Pew Research Center study. Fort Gatlin, as the Orlando area was known, was established at what is now just south of the city limits by the 4th U. S. Artillery under the command of Ltc, alexander C. W. Fanning on November 9,1838 during the construction of a series of fortified encampments across Florida during the Second Seminole War. The fort and surrounding area were named for Dr. John S. Gatlin, king Phillip and Coacoochee frequented this area and the tree was alleged to be the place where the previous 1835 ambush that had killed over 100 soldiers had been planned. When the U. S. military abandoned the fort in 1839 the surrounding community was built up by settlers, prior to being known by its current name, Orlando was once known as Jernigan. Aarron Jernigan became Orange Countys first State Representative in 1845 but his pleas for military protection went unanswered. Fort Gatlin was briefly reoccupied by the military for a few weeks during October and November 1849, a historical marker indicates that by 1850 the Jernigan homestead served as the nucleus of a village named Jernigan. One of the countys first records, a grand jurys report, mentions a stockade where it states homesteaders were driven from their homes, Aaron Jernigan led a local volunteer militia during 1852. Jernigan appears on an 1855 map of Florida and by 1856 the area had become the county seat of Orange County and it is known for certain that the area was renamed Orlando in 1857. The move is believed to be sparked, in part, by Aaron Jernigans fall from grace after he was relieved of his command by military officials in 1856. His behavior was so notorious that Secretary of War Jefferson Davis wrote, in 1859, Jernigan and his sons were accused of committing a murder at the towns post office
6.
Wings Over the Rockies Air and Space Museum
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The Wings Over the Rockies Air and Space Museum is located on the former Lowry Air Force Base in Denver, Colorado. The museum, which opened in 1994, is housed in the 40,000 sq ft historic Hangar 1 built in 1939, the museum preserves the history of Lowry AFBs operations from 1938 to 1994 in its collections, archives, and research library. Features of the collection include the USAFs B-1A Lancer and B-52 Stratofortress bombers and many other military. Today, the Museum includes more than 182,000 square feet of space and 50 iconic aircraft dating from 1939 to 1990. The mission of Wings Over the Rockies is to inspire, educate and entertain the public about aviation and space endeavors of the past, present, visitors can experience thrilling flight simulators, discover our Wings Aerospace Academy learning center, and participate in dozens of exciting Museum sponsored events. The museum holds over three dozen aircraft in its collection, the Eaglerock was on display from 1 Sep 1995 to 20 Sep 2013, and now on display at the Pueblo Weisbrod Aircraft Museum. Boeing B-29 Superfortress, Arrived December 1986 on low-boy trucks and departed 1996 and she was assigned to the 875th Bomb Squadron, 498th Bomb Group, 73rd Bomb Wing and completed thirty-seven bombing missions. Converted to KB-29 in June 1949, in December 1986 it was extracted out of the Naval Air Weapons Station China Lake and transported to Lowry AFBs Lowry Heritage Museum, now Wings Over the Rockies Air and Space Museum. It went through its initial level of restoration in 1987 with LHMs volunteers and was readied for its rebirth and it was restored to its 1944 markings with the T Square 54 on its vertical stabilizer. In 1995, the National Museum of the United States Air Force transferred T-Sq-54 to the Museum of Flight in Seattle, after another level of restoration and change in its markings, it was displayed again 1996. McDonnell-Douglas F-4C Phantom II was part of the original Lowry Heritage Museum collection and transferred to the city of Fort Collins, vertol H-21C Workhorse displayed as a Lowry AFB H-21B rescue helicopter with AF No. 53-4379 from 1987 to November 2009, goodyear FG-1D Corsair racer, left museum in 2013. Aircraft engine collection on display Nuclear weapons collection on display The Aviator Uniform Collection Exhibit Room, the Stanley Aviation Ejection Seat Exhibit Room. The History of Avionics Exhibit Room, the Colorado Air National Guard Heritage Exhibit Room with Buckley Field and Buckley Air Force Base exhibits. The Colorado Aviation Historical Societys Heritage Hall featuring the Colorado Aviation Hall of Fame, rocky Mountain Airways Flight 217 Memorial Former United Airlines DC-10 And Boeing 727-200 Cockpits, with open flight engineer post. Adventures of Flight educational program for children, summer Space Camp program for kids, including space sciences. Christmas Kids Day program for kids winter break in late December, annual Aeromodeling Expo in February for exhibits, inside and outside remote controlled aircraft flying, R/C and modeller club displays, and hobby store booths. Sources, Wings Museum files, USAF History Office Maxwell AFB, the RB-52B was nearly visibly identical to the B-52A, but the primary mission was to be an enhanced reconnaissance aircraft with a new bombing/navigation system
7.
Indianapolis
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Indianapolis, is the capital and largest city of the U. S. state of Indiana and the seat of Marion County. It is in the East North Central region of the Midwestern United States, with an estimated population of 853,173 in 2015, Indianapolis is the second most populous city in the Midwest, after Chicago, and 14th largest in the U. S. The city is the economic and cultural center of the Indianapolis metropolitan area, home to 2 million people and its combined statistical area ranks 26th, with 2.4 million inhabitants. Indianapolis covers 372 square miles, making it the 16th largest city by area in the U. S. The city grew beyond the Mile Square, as completion of the National Road and advent of the railroad solidified the position as a manufacturing. Indianapolis is within a single-day drive of 70 percent of the nations population, Indianapolis has developed niche markets in amateur sports and auto racing. The city is perhaps best known for hosting the worlds largest single-day sporting event. The city is notable as headquarters for the American Legion and home to a significant collection of monuments dedicated to veterans and war dead, the most in the U. S. outside of Washington, D. C. Since the 1970 city-county consolidation, known as Unigov, local government administration has operated under the direction of an elected 25-member city-county council, Indianapolis is considered a high sufficiency global city. In 1816, the year Indiana gained statehood, the U. S. Congress donated four sections of land to establish a permanent seat of state government. Two years later, under the Treaty of St. Marys and this tract of land, which was called the New Purchase, included the site selected for the new state capital in 1820. The availability of new lands for purchase in central Indiana attracted settlers. Although many of these first European and American setters were Protestants, few African Americans lived in central Indiana before 1840. The first European Americans to permanently settle in the area that became Indianapolis were either the McCormick or Pogue families, on January 11,1820, the Indiana General Assembly authorized a committee to select a site in central Indiana for the new state capital. The state legislature approved the site, adopting the name Indianapolis on January 6,1821, in April, Alexander Ralston and Elias Pym Fordham were appointed to survey and design a town plan for the new settlement. Indianapolis became a seat of county government on December 31,1821, a combined county and town government continued until 1832, when Indianapolis incorporated as a town. Indianapolis became an incorporated city effective March 30,1847, Samuel Henderson, the citys first mayor, led the new city government, which included a seven-member city council. In 1853, voters approved a new city charter provided for an elected mayor
8.
Los Angeles Convention Center
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The Los Angeles Convention Center is a convention center in the southwest portion of downtown Los Angeles. The LACC hosts annual events such as the Los Angeles Auto Show and Anime Expo and its newest major events are the Primetime Emmy Awards Governors Ball, Microsoft WPC, Abilities Expo, and frequent TV show and movie filmings. The Convention Center, designed by architect Charles Luckman, opened in 1971 and it was originally built as a rectangle building, between Pico Boulevard and 11th Street on Figueroa Street. The northeast portion of the Center was demolished in 1997 to make way for the Staples Center, the Convention Center Annex of green glass and white steel frames, mainly on the south side of Pico, was designed by architect James Ingo Freed. The area in front of the Convention Center is known as the Gilbert Lindsay Plaza, a 10-foot -high monument honoring The Emperor of the Great 9th District was unveiled in 1995. The drive between Figueroa Street and the Convention Center building is named after Councilman Lindsay. On March 1,1983, a tornado caused damages to the roof, the building was repaired and new Convention Center lettering signs were installed at a total cost of $3 million. Since 2005, the center has hosted the MusiCares Person of the Year tribute two nights prior to the Grammy Awards. It also hosted the pre-telecast portion of the Grammy Awards until 2013, in 2013, the Los Angeles City Council voted to let Anschutz Entertainment Group manage the Convention Center. The LACC is one of the largest convention centers in the United States with over 720,000 sq ft of space,147,000 sq ft of meeting space,1,960,000 sq ft of parking. The lobby floors in the half of the building feature two large 140,000 sq ft multicolor maps of inlaid terrazzo. The project was installed by artist Alexis Smith in 1993, a map of the world centered on the Pacific Rim covers the entire floor of the main lobby, while a map of the constellations around the north celestial pole covers the floor of the upstairs lobby. The development proposal was abandoned in March 2015, a new proposal was developed in 2015, approved by city hall and a design team was chosen. A new convention hall, called LACOEX, would be built, construction and approval is set to commence by 2019. Los Angeles 2024 organizers plan to use the center for various sports. It will be apart of the Live Site Olympic Zone down Figueroa St. William M
9.
Los Angeles
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Los Angeles, officially the City of Los Angeles and often known by its initials L. A. is the cultural, financial, and commercial center of Southern California. With a census-estimated 2015 population of 3,971,883, it is the second-most populous city in the United States, Los Angeles is also the seat of Los Angeles County, the most populated county in the United States. The citys inhabitants are referred to as Angelenos, historically home to the Chumash and Tongva, Los Angeles was claimed by Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo for Spain in 1542 along with the rest of what would become Alta California. The city was founded on September 4,1781, by Spanish governor Felipe de Neve. It became a part of Mexico in 1821 following the Mexican War of Independence, in 1848, at the end of the Mexican–American War, Los Angeles and the rest of California were purchased as part of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, thereby becoming part of the United States. Los Angeles was incorporated as a municipality on April 4,1850, the discovery of oil in the 1890s brought rapid growth to the city. The completion of the Los Angeles Aqueduct in 1913, delivering water from Eastern California, nicknamed the City of Angels, Los Angeles is known for its Mediterranean climate, ethnic diversity, and sprawling metropolis. Los Angeles also has an economy in culture, media, fashion, science, sports, technology, education, medicine. A global city, it has been ranked 6th in the Global Cities Index, the city is home to renowned institutions covering a broad range of professional and cultural fields, and is one of the most substantial economic engines within the United States. The Los Angeles combined statistical area has a gross metropolitan product of $831 billion, making it the third-largest in the world, after the Greater Tokyo and New York metropolitan areas. The city has hosted the Summer Olympic Games in 1932 and 1984 and is bidding to host the 2024 Summer Olympics and thus become the second city after London to have hosted the Games three times. The Los Angeles area also hosted the 1994 FIFA mens World Cup final match as well as the 1999 FIFA womens World Cup final match, the mens event was watched on television by over 700 million people worldwide. The Los Angeles coastal area was first settled by the Tongva, a Gabrielino settlement in the area was called iyáangẚ, meaning poison oak place. Gaspar de Portolà and Franciscan missionary Juan Crespí, reached the present site of Los Angeles on August 2,1769, in 1771, Franciscan friar Junípero Serra directed the building of the Mission San Gabriel Arcángel, the first mission in the area. The Queen of the Angels is an honorific of the Virgin Mary, two-thirds of the settlers were mestizo or mulatto with a mixture of African, indigenous and European ancestry. The settlement remained a small town for decades, but by 1820. Today, the pueblo is commemorated in the district of Los Angeles Pueblo Plaza and Olvera Street. New Spain achieved its independence from the Spanish Empire in 1821, during Mexican rule, Governor Pío Pico made Los Angeles Alta Californias regional capital
10.
ExCeL London
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ExCeL is an exhibitions and international convention centre in the London Borough of Newham. It is located on a 100-acre site on the quay of the Royal Victoria Dock in London Docklands. The centre was built by Sir Robert McAlpine and first opened in November 2000, in May 2008, it was acquired by Abu Dhabi National Exhibitions Company. Phase II of development, which included building Londons first International Convention Centre, the Royal Victoria Dock closed to commercial traffic in 1981, but it is still accessible to shipping. The centres waterfront location allows visiting vessels to moor alongside the centre, there are also three sets of function rooms, one overlooking the water, another above the western end of the central boulevard, and the third on the north side of the building. These are used for meetings, seminars, presentations. There are six hotels, more than 30 bars and restaurants, ExCeL London has hosted numerous consumer and trade, private and public events including exhibitions, conferences, concerts, weddings and religious events since its opening in 2000. In 2011, ExCeL London was awarded the Business Superbrand 2011, the site welcomed its 20 millionth visitor on June 18,2014. ExCeL has also been awarded Venue Of The Year on several occasions at various industry ceremonies, in 2014, ExCeL hosted the Global Summit to End Sexual Violence in Conflict, chaired by American actress and UN Special Envoy Angelina Jolie and attended by 79 Ministers from 123 country delegations. ExCeL London is served by two Docklands Light Railway stations, which span the full 600 metre length of the venue. The western entrance is directly linked to Custom House for ExCeL station and serves the Platinum Suite, the eastern entrance is connected to Prince Regent station. The eastern entrance serves the International Convention Centre, which was opened in 2010 by then-Mayor Boris Johnson and is the Londons first, ExCeL London is located near London City Airport station. The DLR and a number of roads connect the centre to the airport. Since June 2012, the Emirates Air Line cable car now links ExCeL to The O2 on the Greenwich Peninsula, as part of this scheme, ExCeL produces an annual communication on progress addressing the issues of Human Rights, Labour, Environment and Anti-Corruption. ExCeL publishes details of its social responsibility efforts publicly in the UN Global Compact report. Currently ExCeL invests in the community of Newham by supporting select charities, chiefly Newham All Star Sports Academy. ExCeL also provides free of charge to local schools and sports teams. A boxing match on 22 April 2008 between Amir Khan and Gairy St. Clair for the World Boxing Organization intercontinental lightweight title, the Triathlon celebrated its 20th year at ExCeL London in summer 2016
11.
London
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London /ˈlʌndən/ is the capital and most populous city of England and the United Kingdom. Standing on the River Thames in the south east of the island of Great Britain and it was founded by the Romans, who named it Londinium. Londons ancient core, the City of London, largely retains its 1. 12-square-mile medieval boundaries. London is a global city in the arts, commerce, education, entertainment, fashion, finance, healthcare, media, professional services, research and development, tourism. It is crowned as the worlds largest financial centre and has the fifth- or sixth-largest metropolitan area GDP in the world, London is a world cultural capital. It is the worlds most-visited city as measured by international arrivals and has the worlds largest city airport system measured by passenger traffic, London is the worlds leading investment destination, hosting more international retailers and ultra high-net-worth individuals than any other city. Londons universities form the largest concentration of education institutes in Europe. In 2012, London became the first city to have hosted the modern Summer Olympic Games three times, London has a diverse range of people and cultures, and more than 300 languages are spoken in the region. Its estimated mid-2015 municipal population was 8,673,713, the largest of any city in the European Union, Londons urban area is the second most populous in the EU, after Paris, with 9,787,426 inhabitants at the 2011 census. The citys metropolitan area is the most populous in the EU with 13,879,757 inhabitants, the city-region therefore has a similar land area and population to that of the New York metropolitan area. London was the worlds most populous city from around 1831 to 1925, Other famous landmarks include Buckingham Palace, the London Eye, Piccadilly Circus, St Pauls Cathedral, Tower Bridge, Trafalgar Square, and The Shard. The London Underground is the oldest underground railway network in the world, the etymology of London is uncertain. It is an ancient name, found in sources from the 2nd century and it is recorded c.121 as Londinium, which points to Romano-British origin, and hand-written Roman tablets recovered in the city originating from AD 65/70-80 include the word Londinio. The earliest attempted explanation, now disregarded, is attributed to Geoffrey of Monmouth in Historia Regum Britanniae and this had it that the name originated from a supposed King Lud, who had allegedly taken over the city and named it Kaerlud. From 1898, it was accepted that the name was of Celtic origin and meant place belonging to a man called *Londinos. The ultimate difficulty lies in reconciling the Latin form Londinium with the modern Welsh Llundain, which should demand a form *lōndinion, from earlier *loundiniom. The possibility cannot be ruled out that the Welsh name was borrowed back in from English at a later date, and thus cannot be used as a basis from which to reconstruct the original name. Until 1889, the name London officially applied only to the City of London, two recent discoveries indicate probable very early settlements near the Thames in the London area
12.
United Kingdom
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The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom or Britain, is a sovereign country in western Europe. Lying off the north-western coast of the European mainland, the United Kingdom includes the island of Great Britain, Northern Ireland is the only part of the United Kingdom that shares a land border with another sovereign state—the Republic of Ireland. The Irish Sea lies between Great Britain and Ireland, with an area of 242,500 square kilometres, the United Kingdom is the 78th-largest sovereign state in the world and the 11th-largest in Europe. It is also the 21st-most populous country, with an estimated 65.1 million inhabitants, together, this makes it the fourth-most densely populated country in the European Union. The United Kingdom is a monarchy with a parliamentary system of governance. The monarch is Queen Elizabeth II, who has reigned since 6 February 1952, other major urban areas in the United Kingdom include the regions of Birmingham, Leeds, Glasgow, Liverpool and Manchester. The United Kingdom consists of four countries—England, Scotland, Wales, the last three have devolved administrations, each with varying powers, based in their capitals, Edinburgh, Cardiff and Belfast, respectively. The relationships among the countries of the UK have changed over time, Wales was annexed by the Kingdom of England under the Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542. A treaty between England and Scotland resulted in 1707 in a unified Kingdom of Great Britain, which merged in 1801 with the Kingdom of Ireland to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Five-sixths of Ireland seceded from the UK in 1922, leaving the present formulation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain, there are fourteen British Overseas Territories. These are the remnants of the British Empire which, at its height in the 1920s, British influence can be observed in the language, culture and legal systems of many of its former colonies. The United Kingdom is a country and has the worlds fifth-largest economy by nominal GDP. The UK is considered to have an economy and is categorised as very high in the Human Development Index. It was the worlds first industrialised country and the worlds foremost power during the 19th, the UK remains a great power with considerable economic, cultural, military, scientific and political influence internationally. It is a nuclear weapons state and its military expenditure ranks fourth or fifth in the world. The UK has been a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council since its first session in 1946 and it has been a leading member state of the EU and its predecessor, the European Economic Community, since 1973. However, on 23 June 2016, a referendum on the UKs membership of the EU resulted in a decision to leave. The Acts of Union 1800 united the Kingdom of Great Britain, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland have devolved self-government
13.
Makuhari Messe
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Makuhari Messe is a Japanese convention center outside Tokyo, located in the Mihama-ku ward of Chiba city, in the northwest corner of Chiba prefecture. Designed by Fumihiko Maki, it is accessible by Tokyos commuter rail system. Makuhari is the name of the area, and Messe is a German language word meaning trade fair, the convention center opened on October 9,1989. Makuhari Messe is conveniently close to Tokyo Disney Resort in Urayasu and it is easily accessible from Kaihimmakuhari station on the Keiyō Line of East Japan Railway Company. The center is the host of the annual Tokyo Auto Salon, the biennial Tokyo Motor Show, the annual Tokyo Game Show, the annual Jump Festa, the venue was host to several Nintendo Space World events. Since 2000, the centre have been used for the Summer Sonic music festival every year, on April 23 and 24,2011, Australian singer Kylie Minogue performed as part of her Aphrodite World Tour. On July 31,1999, rock band Glay held their first Glay Expo concert, titled Glay Expo 99 Survival, at the venue. The concert garnered an audience of about 200,000 people, making it the largest concert ever held by a single act in Japan. The venue was noted in 2005 for hosting the first round of the Live8 concert, on 1 July 2005, the company that owns the convention center changed its name from Nippon Convention Center to Makuhari Messe. The Jack in the Box 2009 Summer convention was held here on August 15,2009, american pop superstar Lady Gaga performed in the arena for the first time, as part of her debut headlining tour, The Fame Ball Tour on August 8,2009. The center also hosted the Magic, The Gathering World Championship in 2010, the first Anime Contents Expo was held on March 31 and on April 1,2012, and was visited by 42,000 people. The next one is scheduled for March 30 and March 31,2013, the Japanese band the GazettE held various concerts there, e. g. their 10th anniversary concert on March 10,2012. The heavy metal festival tour Ozzfest took place here on May 11–12,2013. This was the festivals first appearance in Japan, one Directions Final Leg of their Take Me Home Tour was held in the makuhari to an attendance of 150,000 people. Global superstar Mariah Carey performed in the arena for the first time, the Metal festival Knotfest Japan was held here on 15 and 16 November 2014 As an epilogue to their 25th anniversary, Luna Sea hosted the rock festival Lunatic Fest on June 27 and 28,2015. Other acts include Siam Shade, Dir en grey, 9mm Parabellum Bullet and Fear, techno-Pop group Perfume performed at standing only concerts June 16,18, and 19,2016 Makuhari Messe hosted a Vocaloid live concert, Magical Mirai 2016, in early September of that year. Makuhari Messe will be the venue for four sports during the Tokyo 2020 Olympics, the sports are fencing, taekwondo, karate and wrestling, all of which were originally to be staged at Tokyo Big Sight. This move is a part of cost-cutting measures implemented by the organisers, Makuhari Messe website / Makuhari Messe Map
14.
Chiba, Chiba
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Chiba is the capital city of Chiba Prefecture, Japan. It sits about 40 kilometres southeast of the center of Tokyo on Tokyo Bay, Chiba City became a government-designated city in 1992. In February 2016, its population was 972,861, with a density of 3,580 people per square kilometer. The city had an area of 271.76 square kilometres, Chiba City is one of the Kantō regions primary seaports, and is home to Chiba Port, which handles one of the highest volumes of cargo in the nation. Much of the city is residential, although there are factories and warehouses along the coast. Chiba is famous for the Chiba Urban Monorail, the longest suspended monorail in the world, the name of Chiba in the Japanese language is formed from two kanji characters. The first, 千, means thousand and the second, 葉 means leaves, the name first appears as an ancient kuni no miyatsuko, or regional command office, as the Chiba Kuni no Miyatsuko. The name was adopted by a branch of the Taira clan, the branch of the Taira adopted the name and became the Chiba clan, which held strong influence over the area of the prefecture until the Azuchi–Momoyama period. Tsuneshige was appointed as administrator of Sōma District, but was transferred to the same position in Chiba District two years later. Tsuneshiges son, Chiba Tsunetane was instrumental in aiding Minamoto Yoritomo with the establishment of the Kamakura shogunate, tsuneshige built a spacious residence and numerous temples in present-day Chiba City, and in the same period he transferred his power base from Ōji Castle to Inohana Castle on Mount Inohana. The area of present-day Chiba City became jōkamachi, or castle town, the clans power extended in the region until the Muromachi period. The Chiba clans power and influence declined because of wars around the Kantō region during the Nanboku-cho, in the 16th century, instead of the Chiba clan, the Hara clan, which was one of the servants of Chiba clan, wielded power in this region. In the Sengoku period, the Hara clan was removed by Ashikaga Yoshiaki. Then, Ashikaga Yoshiaki was also removed by the Sakai clan, finally both the Chiba and Sakai clans were annihilated by Toyotomi Hideyoshi. In the Edo period, the Oyumi, Morikawa clan, a part of the area was also governed directly by the Tokugawa Bakufu. The Oyumi clan governed their territory stably, finally the Hotta clan stabilized the governance of their territory. Chiba prospered in this period as a shukuba post-town of the Tokugawa shogunate, after the Meiji Restoration in 1868 and the advent of the railroad in Japan Chiba became the political, economic, and cultural capital of the Chiba Prefecture. Chiba City founded on January 1,1921, numerous small villages and towns were merged into the previous town of Chiba, a process that continued until 1944
15.
Japan
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Japan is a sovereign island nation in Eastern Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies off the eastern coast of the Asia Mainland and stretches from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea, the kanji that make up Japans name mean sun origin. 日 can be read as ni and means sun while 本 can be read as hon, or pon, Japan is often referred to by the famous epithet Land of the Rising Sun in reference to its Japanese name. Japan is an archipelago consisting of about 6,852 islands. The four largest are Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu and Shikoku, the country is divided into 47 prefectures in eight regions. Hokkaido being the northernmost prefecture and Okinawa being the southernmost one, the population of 127 million is the worlds tenth largest. Japanese people make up 98. 5% of Japans total population, approximately 9.1 million people live in the city of Tokyo, the capital of Japan. Archaeological research indicates that Japan was inhabited as early as the Upper Paleolithic period, the first written mention of Japan is in Chinese history texts from the 1st century AD. Influence from other regions, mainly China, followed by periods of isolation, from the 12th century until 1868, Japan was ruled by successive feudal military shoguns who ruled in the name of the Emperor. Japan entered into a period of isolation in the early 17th century. The Second Sino-Japanese War of 1937 expanded into part of World War II in 1941, which came to an end in 1945 following the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Japan is a member of the UN, the OECD, the G7, the G8, the country has the worlds third-largest economy by nominal GDP and the worlds fourth-largest economy by purchasing power parity. It is also the worlds fourth-largest exporter and fourth-largest importer, although Japan has officially renounced its right to declare war, it maintains a modern military with the worlds eighth-largest military budget, used for self-defense and peacekeeping roles. Japan is a country with a very high standard of living. Its population enjoys the highest life expectancy and the third lowest infant mortality rate in the world, in ancient China, Japan was called Wo 倭. It was mentioned in the third century Chinese historical text Records of the Three Kingdoms in the section for the Wei kingdom, Wa became disliked because it has the connotation of the character 矮, meaning dwarf. The 倭 kanji has been replaced with the homophone Wa, meaning harmony, the Japanese word for Japan is 日本, which is pronounced Nippon or Nihon and literally means the origin of the sun. The earliest record of the name Nihon appears in the Chinese historical records of the Tang dynasty, at the start of the seventh century, a delegation from Japan introduced their country as Nihon
16.
Orange County Convention Center
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The Orange County Convention Center is the primary public convention center for the Central Florida region. The center currently ranks as the second largest convention center in the United States, the OCCC offers 7,000,000 sq ft of total space,2,100,000 sq ft of which is exhibit space. The large complex is located on the end of International Drive. Solar panels on the roof of the South Concourse provide 1 MW of power, on April 18,2012, the American Institute of Architectss Florida Chapter placed the building on its list of Florida Architecture,100 Years. In April 1978 in an election, the voters of Orange County approved a 2% Tourist Development Tax for the purpose of building a Convention. Orlando Central Park agreed to commit adjacent lands for hotel and tourist development, Phase I was completed on February 25,1983 at a cost of $54 million. The Boston Pops Orchestra played at the Grand Opening on February 26,1983 and 14,000 people attended the Open House on February 27,1983, in June 1984, the BCC exercised its 45-acre option for $2 million and began planning Phase II. The TDT was raised to 3% by a State Law in 1986, and groundbreaking occurred in February 1987 on Phase II. It was completed in January 1989, adding 150,000 sq ft of space to increase it to 344,790 sq ft of total exhibition space. Phase IIA, completed in December 1990, added 100,000 sq ft more space, used largely for office space. The next month, planning for Phase III was begun, by December 1992, Civic was dropped from the name, and the area became the Orange County Convention Center. Phase III was completed in January 1996, adding 383,400 sq ft of exhibition space, at a cost of $219.5 million. Phase IV followed that August at a cost of $198.7 million, adding another 367,200 sq ft of exhibition space, a retrofit of Phase I, completed in December 1997 at a cost of $32 million, opened up 8,200 sq ft more. By 1998, the OCCC had 1,103,538 sq ft of space over a total building space of over 4 million ft². Additionally LMG, Inc became the provider for audiovisual services. In June 1998, the BCC got a cent approved for the TDT, partly for a grand Phase V. That December, they paid Universal Orlando Resort $69 million for 239 acres of land across International Drive from the original OCCC, the Martinez Convention Center Commission, named after then-Orange County chairman Mel Martinez, was created to oversee planning and construction of Phase V. Ground broke on Phase V in August 2000 after a large convention organizer, Reed Exhibitions and it opened one month ahead of schedule in September 2003
17.
Essen
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Essen is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Its population of approximately 589,000 makes it the ninth-largest city in Germany and it is the central city of the northern part of the Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan area and seat to several of the regions authorities. Founded around 845, Essen remained a town within the sphere of influence of an important ecclesiastical principality until the onset of industrialization. The city then — especially through the Krupp family iron works — became one of Germanys most important coal and steel centers. Essen, until the 1970s, attracted workers from all over the country, following the region-wide decline of heavy industries in the last decades of the 20th century, the city has seen the development of a strong tertiary sector of the economy. Although it is the most indebted city in Germany, Essen continues to pursue its redevelopment plans, notable accomplishments in recent years include the title of European Capital of Culture on behalf of the whole Ruhr area in 2010 and the selection as the European Green Capital for 2017. In 1958, Essen was chosen to serve as the seat to a Roman Catholic diocese, in early 2003, the universities of Essen and the nearby city of Duisburg were merged into the University of Duisburg-Essen with campuses in both cities and a university hospital in Essen. Essen is located in the centre of the Ruhr area, one of the largest urban areas in Europe, comprising eleven independent cities and four districts with some 5.3 million inhabitants. The city limits of Essen itself are 87 km long and border ten cities, five independent and five kreisangehörig, the city extends over 21 km from north to south and 17 km from west to east, mainly north of the River Ruhr. The Ruhr forms the Lake Baldeney reservoir in the boroughs of Fischlaken, Kupferdreh, the lake, a popular recreational area, dates from 1931 to 1933, when some thousands of unemployed coal miners dredged it with primitive tools. Generally, large areas south of the River Ruhr are quite green and are quoted as examples of rural structures in the otherwise relatively densely populated central Ruhr area. According to the Federal Statistical Office of Germany, Essen with 9. 2% of its covered by recreational green is the greenest city in North Rhine-Westphalia. The city has been shortlisted for the title of European Green Capital two consecutive times, for 2016 and 2017, winning for 2017, the city was singled out for its exemplary practices in protecting and enhancing nature and biodiversity and efforts to reduce water consumption. Essen participates in a variety of networks and initiatives to reduce gas emissions. The lowest point can be found in the borough of Karnap at 26.5 m. The average elevation is 116 m, Essen comprises fifty boroughs which in turn are grouped into nine suburban districts often named after the most important boroughs. Each Stadtbezirk is assigned a Roman numeral and has a body of nineteen members with limited authority. Most of the boroughs were originally independent municipalities but were annexed from 1901 to 1975
18.
Germany
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Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a federal parliamentary republic in central-western Europe. It includes 16 constituent states, covers an area of 357,021 square kilometres, with about 82 million inhabitants, Germany is the most populous member state of the European Union. After the United States, it is the second most popular destination in the world. Germanys capital and largest metropolis is Berlin, while its largest conurbation is the Ruhr, other major cities include Hamburg, Munich, Cologne, Frankfurt, Stuttgart, Düsseldorf and Leipzig. Various Germanic tribes have inhabited the northern parts of modern Germany since classical antiquity, a region named Germania was documented before 100 AD. During the Migration Period the Germanic tribes expanded southward, beginning in the 10th century, German territories formed a central part of the Holy Roman Empire. During the 16th century, northern German regions became the centre of the Protestant Reformation, in 1871, Germany became a nation state when most of the German states unified into the Prussian-dominated German Empire. After World War I and the German Revolution of 1918–1919, the Empire was replaced by the parliamentary Weimar Republic, the establishment of the national socialist dictatorship in 1933 led to World War II and the Holocaust. After a period of Allied occupation, two German states were founded, the Federal Republic of Germany and the German Democratic Republic, in 1990, the country was reunified. In the 21st century, Germany is a power and has the worlds fourth-largest economy by nominal GDP. As a global leader in industrial and technological sectors, it is both the worlds third-largest exporter and importer of goods. Germany is a country with a very high standard of living sustained by a skilled. It upholds a social security and universal health system, environmental protection. Germany was a member of the European Economic Community in 1957. It is part of the Schengen Area, and became a co-founder of the Eurozone in 1999, Germany is a member of the United Nations, NATO, the G8, the G20, and the OECD. The national military expenditure is the 9th highest in the world, the English word Germany derives from the Latin Germania, which came into use after Julius Caesar adopted it for the peoples east of the Rhine. This in turn descends from Proto-Germanic *þiudiskaz popular, derived from *þeudō, descended from Proto-Indo-European *tewtéh₂- people, the discovery of the Mauer 1 mandible shows that ancient humans were present in Germany at least 600,000 years ago. The oldest complete hunting weapons found anywhere in the world were discovered in a mine in Schöningen where three 380, 000-year-old wooden javelins were unearthed
19.
Anaheim Convention Center
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Anaheim Convention Center is a major convention center in Anaheim, California. It is located across from the Disneyland Resort on Katella Avenue, the original components, designed by Adrian Wilson & Associates, opened in July 1967—including a basketball arena followed shortly by the convention hall. It holds many events, like VidCon, BlizzCon, Anime Expo, WonderCon, NAMM Show, competitions, in addition to hosting various types of conventions, the Anaheim Convention Center was used to host the wrestling during the 1984 Summer Olympics. The center has undergone five major expansions. It is the largest exhibit facility on the West Coast, originally, the arena was home to the Anaheim Amigos of the American Basketball Association during the first ABA season, 1967–68. The Stars subsequent fan support in Utah set the foundation for the NBAs Utah Jazz, the San Diego Friars of WTT played some of their home matches in the arena between 1975 and 1977. In 1978, the Anaheim Oranges of WTT used the arena as their home venue. The arena was home to the California Surf of the NASL for one indoor season. According to frequent news reports, the largest exposition held at the Convention Center in recent years has been the Winter NAMM Show and this music-equipment convention had 1,560 exhibitors and a record-breaking 88,100 attendees during the 2008 show. The NAMM Show has been running at the Anaheim Center since 1977, the Anime Expo was hosted at the Anaheim Convention Center in 1996 and again from 2003 through 2006 and was one of the convention centers biggest public events. Blizzard Entertainment holds BlizzCon at the venue, in 2005, BlizzCon used the northern two conference halls. In 2007 and 2008, it used three conference halls, in 2009, it used four conference halls. While tickets to the 2007 event sold out in 3 days, tickets to the October 2008 event sold out within minutes, tickets to the 2010 Blizzcon reportedly sold out within 30 seconds. Another large convention held at the Center is the Medical Design and Manufacturing Show, the venue served as the site for wrestling at the 1984 Summer Olympics. The venue hosted the Big West Conferences mens and womens basketball tournaments from 2001 to 2010. It was briefly home to the Anaheim Arsenal of the NBA Development League, during the 1992 Los Angeles riots, the Los Angeles Clippers were forced to move Game 4 of their NBA playoff series versus the Utah Jazz to the Convention Center. VidCon has been held at the Anaheim Convention Center since its annual event in 2012. The new venue offered a larger capacity than the previously used Hyatt Regency Century Plaza hotel in Los Angeles
20.
Anaheim, California
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Anaheim is a city in Orange County, California, part of the Los Angeles metropolitan area. As of the 2010 United States Census, the city had a population of 336,265, making it the most populous city in Orange County, Anaheim remained largely a rural community until Disneyland opened in the city in 1955. This led to the construction of hotels and motels around the area. The city also developed into a center, producing electronics, aircraft parts. Anaheims city limits extend from Cypress in the west to the Riverside County line in the east and encompass a diverse collection of neighborhoods, Anaheim Hills is a master-planned community located in the citys eastern stretches that is home to many of the citys affluent. Downtown Anaheim has three historic districts, the largest of which is the Anaheim Colony. The Anaheim Resort, a district, includes Disneyland, Disney California Adventure. The Platinum Triangle, a redevelopment district surrounding Angel Stadium, is planned to be populated with mixed-use streets. Finally, Anaheim Canyon is a district north of California State Route 91. Anaheims name is a blend of Ana, after the nearby Santa Ana River, and heim, the city of Anaheim was founded in 1857 by 50 German-Americans who were residents of San Francisco and whose families had originated in Rothenburg ob der Tauber, Franconia in Bavaria. For $750 a share, the formed the Anaheim Vineyard Company. Their new community was named Annaheim, meaning home by the Santa Anna River in German, the name later was altered to Anaheim. To the Spanish-speaking neighbors, the settlement was known as Campo Alemán, although grape and wine-making was their primary objective, the majority of the 50 settlers were mechanics, carpenters and craftsmen with no experience in wine-making. The community set aside 40 acres for a center and a school was the first building erected there. The first home was built in 1857, the Anaheim Gazette newspaper was established in 1870, for 25 years, the area was the largest wine producer in California. However, in 1884, a disease infected the grape vines, other crops – walnuts, lemons and oranges – soon filled the void. Fruits and vegetables had become viable cash crops when the Los Angeles – Orange County region was connected to the railroad network in 1887. The famous Polish actress Helena Modjeska settled in Anaheim with her husband and various friends, among them Henryk Sienkiewicz, Julian Sypniewski, while living in Anaheim, Helena Modjeska became good friends with Clementine Langenberger, the second wife of August Langenberger
21.
McCormick Place
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McCormick Place is the largest convention center in North America. It consists of four interconnected buildings sited on and near the shore of Lake Michigan, about 4 km south of downtown Chicago, Illinois, McCormick Place hosts numerous trade shows and meetings. The largest regular events are the Chicago Auto Show each February, the International Home and Housewares Show each March, in 1958, ground was broken for a $35 million facility that opened in November 1960, and was named after McCormick, who died in 1955. The lead architect was Alfred Shaw, one of the architects of the Merchandise Mart and this building included the Arie Crown Theater, designed by Edward Durrell Stone. It seated nearly 5,000 people and was the second largest theater in Chicago, the 1960 exposition hall was destroyed in a spectacular fire on January 26,1967, despite being thought fireproof by virtue of its steel and concrete construction. At the time of the fire, the building contained highly combustible exhibits, several hydrants were shut off, thus the fire spread quickly and destructively, taking the life of a security guard. The fire was investigated by a led by Rolf H. Jensen, Professor of Fire Protection Engineering at the Illinois Institute of Technology. Many lessons were learned and the building code was amended so a similar situation would not be repeated. Although many wanted to rebuild the hall on a different site, the new design of dark steel and glass, by Gene Summers of C. F. Murphy and Associates contrasted markedly with the white look of the structure that had burned down. On January 3,1971, the replacement building, later called the East Building and now called the Lakeside Center, the Arie Crown Theatre sustained only minor damage in the 1967 fire, and so was incorporated into the interior of the new building. The theater, with the largest seating capacity of any theater in Chicago. The North Building, located west of Lake Shore Drive and completed in 1986, is connected to the East Building by a pedestrian bridge. In contrast to the dark, flat profile of the East Building, the HVAC system for the building is incorporated into the pylons and give the building the appearance of a rigged sailing ship. The North Building has roughly 600,000 sq ft of exhibition space. The South Building, dedicated in 1997 and designed by tvsdesign and it more than doubled the space in the complex and made McCormick Place the largest convention center in the nation. The publicly financed West Building contains 470,000 square feet of exhibit space, archival materials are held by the Ryerson & Burnham Libraries at the Art Institute of Chicago. The McCormick Place on the Lake 1971 Collection includes photographs, drawings, South of the center is McCormick Place Bird Sanctuary, created in 2003. The northern end includes a recreated prairie, covering the roof of the underground carpark
22.
Chicago
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Chicago, officially the City of Chicago, is the third-most populous city in the United States. With over 2.7 million residents, it is the most populous city in the state of Illinois, and it is the county seat of Cook County. In 2012, Chicago was listed as a global city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network. Chicago has the third-largest gross metropolitan product in the United States—about $640 billion according to 2015 estimates, the city has one of the worlds largest and most diversified economies with no single industry employing more than 14% of the workforce. In 2016, Chicago hosted over 54 million domestic and international visitors, landmarks in the city include Millennium Park, Navy Pier, the Magnificent Mile, Art Institute of Chicago, Museum Campus, the Willis Tower, Museum of Science and Industry, and Lincoln Park Zoo. Chicagos culture includes the arts, novels, film, theater, especially improvisational comedy. Chicago also has sports teams in each of the major professional leagues. The city has many nicknames, the best-known being the Windy City, the name Chicago is derived from a French rendering of the Native American word shikaakwa, known to botanists as Allium tricoccum, from the Miami-Illinois language. The first known reference to the site of the current city of Chicago as Checagou was by Robert de LaSalle around 1679 in a memoir, henri Joutel, in his journal of 1688, noted that the wild garlic, called chicagoua, grew abundantly in the area. In the mid-18th century, the area was inhabited by a Native American tribe known as the Potawatomi, the first known non-indigenous permanent settler in Chicago was Jean Baptiste Point du Sable. Du Sable was of African and French descent and arrived in the 1780s and he is commonly known as the Founder of Chicago. In 1803, the United States Army built Fort Dearborn, which was destroyed in 1812 in the Battle of Fort Dearborn, the Ottawa, Ojibwe, and Potawatomi tribes had ceded additional land to the United States in the 1816 Treaty of St. Louis. The Potawatomi were forcibly removed from their land after the Treaty of Chicago in 1833, on August 12,1833, the Town of Chicago was organized with a population of about 200. Within seven years it grew to more than 4,000 people, on June 15,1835, the first public land sales began with Edmund Dick Taylor as U. S. The City of Chicago was incorporated on Saturday, March 4,1837, as the site of the Chicago Portage, the city became an important transportation hub between the eastern and western United States. Chicagos first railway, Galena and Chicago Union Railroad, and the Illinois, the canal allowed steamboats and sailing ships on the Great Lakes to connect to the Mississippi River. A flourishing economy brought residents from rural communities and immigrants from abroad, manufacturing and retail and finance sectors became dominant, influencing the American economy. The Chicago Board of Trade listed the first ever standardized exchange traded forward contracts and these issues also helped propel another Illinoisan, Abraham Lincoln, to the national stage
23.
THX
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THX is an American company headquartered in San Francisco, California, and founded in 1983 by George Lucas. It develops the THX high fidelity audio/visual reproduction standards for movie theaters, screening rooms, home theaters, computer speakers, gaming consoles, car audio systems, the current THX was created in 2002 when it spun off from Lucasfilm Ltd. THX was named after Holman, with the X standing for crossover or possibly experiment as well as in homage to Lucass first film, THX1138. The distinctive glissando up from a low pitch used in the THX trailers. The THX system is not a technology and it does not specify a sound recording format, all sound formats, whether digital or analog. THX is mainly a quality assurance system, THX also provides certified theaters with a special crossover circuit whose use is part of the standard. The company has had a history with Creative, which was responsible for the creation of the first THX-certified audio card for computers. In 2016, THX was acquired by videogame hardware company Razer Inc. with Razer owning all of THX, the first theater THX was used in was the University of Southern Californias Eileen L. Norris Cinema Theatre, a part of USCs film school. THX has created a process for additional products including home audio, home theater, video. THX certification extends to home receivers, speakers, desktop systems, soundbars, acoustic materials, microphones. THXs Ultra2 certification is given for home theater components said to be enough for a large home cinema of 3,000 cubic feet or more. THXs Select2 certification is given for home theater components said to be enough for medium-sized rooms, up to 2,000 cubic feet in size. THXs I/S Plus systems include an AV Receiver + Speaker Bundle and are certified to fill a home theater or dorm room where the viewing distance from the screen is 6–8 feet. These THX certified home theater in a box systems are so far exclusively made by Onkyo, THX Certified Multimedia Products are designed and engineered for PC gaming and multimedia on the desktop. THX-certified video displays include a THX mode which allows users to see a program or movie as the creator intended, THX first appeared in theaters, in which their logo would show before the start of a film. Since THX was originally created for motion picture quality, the very first film to show THX was Return of the Jedi, in its theatrical debut on May 25,1983. From there, THX began to appear before all movies from June 1,1983, until August 31,1996, at that point, THX had certified VHS/home video releases beginning in 1995. Also, in 2000, based on the long-lasting Broadway trailer, grampa Simpson shouts, Turn it up
24.
Duel of the Fates
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Duel of the Fates is a musical theme recurring in the Star Wars prequel trilogy and the Expanded Universe. It was composed by John Williams and recorded for the soundtrack by the London Symphony Orchestra. This symphonic piece is played both a full orchestra and a choir. With the music video for this theme, the LSO became the classical group to ever have a video debut on Total Request Live. Duel of the Fates lasted 11 days on the countdown, the lyrics are based on a fragment of an archaic Welsh poem Cad Goddeu, and sung in Sanskrit. The music had its debut during the lightsaber duel between Qui-Gon Jinn, Obi-Wan Kenobi, and Darth Maul in Star Wars, Episode I – The Phantom Menace. John Williams stated the chorus was introduced to give a religious, for Episode I, John Williams recorded a choirless version of Duel of the Fates, then recorded the choir performing on its own, then layered the vocals over the choirless recordings. An abridged version is played during Star Wars, Episode II – Attack of the Clones during Anakins speederbike search for his mother. Lucas had expressed in a documentary of The Phantom Menace that he wanted to use Duel of the Fates in his Part III, however, he decided not to use it mainly because it did not match the tragic mood of the duel between Anakin Skywalker and Obi-Wan Kenobi. Duel of the Fates makes an appearance during the Yoda/Darth Sidious fight scene, for this instance, John Williams re-recorded the choir and layered it over the vocal-less recording from Episode I. The theme also plays during Soulcalibur IV, whenever The Apprentice fights within either of the games three Star Wars-themed stages, as well as during his extended ending. Duel of the Fates also plays when Darth Maul appears during the Jedi Training Academy show featured at Disneys Hollywood Studios and Disneyland. A special of Lego Star Wars called The Empire Strikes Out features a section of Duel of the Fates. Another Lego Star Wars special, entitled The Yoda Chronicles, Menace of the Sith, count Dooku plays the music on a radio during a demonstration of the Sith clone Jek-14s power. Darth Maul complains that Duel of the Fates is his theme song and it also appears in Star Wars, Rebels in the episode The Future of the Force when Ahsoka Tano fights the inquisitors, and again in Twilight of the Apprentice when Ahsoka duels Maul. Duel of the Fates has also used to reference and satirize Star Wars. For instance, in The Simpsons episode Please Homer, Dont Hammer Em, the song was also used as the theme for the 2003 Broadcast of the Drum Corps International World Championships on PBS. Tottenham Hotspur F. C. uses Duel of the Fates to announce the appearance of the players from the tunnel, J. P. Andersons Band Rabbit Junk used a sample of Duel of the Fates in the song Demons, which appears on the Album Reframe
25.
Carrie Fisher
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Carrie Frances Fisher was an American actress, writer and humorist who first became known for playing Princess Leia in the Star Wars film series. Her other film roles included Shampoo, The Blues Brothers, Hannah and Her Sisters, The Burbs and she worked on other writers screenplays as a script doctor. In later years, she earned praise for speaking publicly about her experiences with bipolar disorder and it premiered at the 2016 Cannes Film Festival. Fisher died of cardiac arrest on December 27,2016, at age 60 and her final film, Star Wars, The Last Jedi, is scheduled to be released on December 15,2017. Carrie Frances Fisher was born on October 21,1956, in Burbank, California, to actors and singers Eddie Fisher, Fishers paternal grandparents were Jewish Russian immigrants, while her mother, who was raised a Nazarene, was of Scots-Irish and English descent. Fisher was two years old when her parents divorced in 1959 and her fathers third marriage, to actress Connie Stevens, resulted in the births of Fishers two half-sisters, Joely Fisher and Tricia Leigh Fisher. In 1960, her mother married Harry Karl, owner of a chain of shoe stores, Reynolds and Karl divorced in 1973, when Fisher was 17 years old. Fisher hid in books as a child, becoming known in her family as the bookworm and she spent her earliest years reading classic literature, and writing poetry. She attended Beverly Hills High School until age 15, when she appeared as a debutante and singer in the hit Broadway revival Irene and her time on Broadway interfered with her education, resulting in Fishers dropping out of high school. In 1973, Fisher enrolled at Londons Central School of Speech and Drama, following her time there, Fisher applied to and was accepted at Sarah Lawrence College, where she planned to study the arts. In 1977, Fisher starred as Princess Leia in George Lucas science-fiction film Star Wars opposite Mark Hamill, at the time, she believed the script for Star Wars was fantastic, but did not expect many people to agree with her. Though her fellow actors were not close at the time, they bonded after the success of the film. In April 1978, Fisher appeared as the love interest in Ringo Starrs 1978 TV special Ringo, the next month, she starred alongside John Ritter in the ABC-TV film Leave Yesterday Behind. At this time, Fisher appeared with Laurence Olivier and Joanne Woodward in the anthology series Laurence Olivier Presents in a version of the William Inge play Come Back. That November, she played Princess Leia in the 1978 TV production Star Wars Holiday Special, Fisher appeared in the film The Blues Brothers as Jakes vengeful ex-lover, she is listed in the credits as Mystery Woman. While in Chicago filming the movie, Fisher choked on a Brussels sprout, Dan Aykroyd performed the Heimlich maneuver and she appeared on Broadway in Censored Scenes from King Kong in 1980. She also starred as Sister Agnes in the Broadway production of Agnes of God in 1982. In 1983, Fisher returned to the role of Princess Leia in Return of the Jedi, the costume later achieved a following of its own
26.
Rick McCallum
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Richard Rick McCallum is a German-born American film producer. He is mostly known for his work on The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles as well as the Star Wars Trilogy, Special Edition and he is best known for his frequent collaborations with American producer George Lucas, though he was also a long-time producer for British television playwright Dennis Potter. McCallums career as producer began with Pennies from Heaven, the version of the 1978 BBC TV drama, for director Herbert Ross. After the commercial failure of the film, Potter invited McCallum to go to work in England, McCallum also produced the music video for the Rolling Stones Undercover of the Night, directed by Julien Temple. It was on the set of Dreamchild that McCallum had first met Star Wars creator George Lucas. Among the directors with whom McCallum worked on the series were Bille August, Nicolas Roeg, David Hare, Mike Newell, Deepa Mehta, Terry Jones, Simon Wincer, and Carl Schultz. During its run, the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences honored Young Indiana Jones with 12 Emmy Awards from 27 nominations, when Young Indiana Jones ended, McCallum produced Radioland Murders, for which Lucas served as executive producer. During its production, Lucas confided to McCallum the plans for three new Star Wars movies, the Star Wars prequels also ushered in a new era of digital filmmaking, and McCallum played a leading role in its development. He oversaw a team of creative and technical professionals that developed and created the industrys first all-digital production pipeline. McCallum was one of the producers of Red Tails, a movie on which Lucas was executive producer. The movie was released nationally in the U. S. on January 20,2012, following Lucasfilms announced acquisition by the Walt Disney Company, on October 31,2012 ForceCast. net podcast Lucasfilms Steve Sansweet stated that Rick has retired from Lucasfilm. There have been no reports as to how this will affect plans for a live-action TV series set in the Star Wars galaxy, after leaving Lucasfilm, McCallum settled in Prague in the Czech Republic. His Prague-based company, United Films, develops film projects and provides services for Czech. McCallums mother, photographer Pat York is married to actor Michael York and his father, Roy Alwood McCallum, was a US military pilot. McCallums daughter, Olivia Mousy McCallum, also works in the film industry, Rick McCallum at the Internet Movie Database Interview in Czech television 2013 March 23
27.
George Lucas
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George Walton Lucas Jr. is an American filmmaker and entrepreneur. He is best known as the creator of the Star Wars and Indiana Jones franchises, as well as the founder of Lucasfilm and he was the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Lucasfilm, before selling it to The Walt Disney Company in 2012. Upon graduating from the University of Southern California in 1967, Lucas co-founded American Zoetrope with fellow filmmaker Francis Ford Coppola, Lucas wrote and directed THX1138, based on his earlier student short Electronic Labyrinth, THX1138 4EB, which was a critical success but a financial failure. His next work as a writer-director was the film, American Graffiti, inspired by his teen years in early 1960s Modesto, California, the film was critically and commercially successful, and received five Academy Award nominations including Best Picture. Following the first Star Wars film, Lucas produced and co-wrote the following installments in the trilogy, The Empire Strikes Back, along with Steven Spielberg, Lucas co-created and wrote the Indiana Jones films Raiders of the Lost Ark, Temple of Doom, and The Last Crusade. Lucas also produced and/or wrote a variety of films through Lucasfilm in the 1980s and 1990s, Lucas also returned to directing with the Star Wars prequel trilogy, consisting of The Phantom Menace, Attack of the Clones, and Revenge of the Sith. He later collaborated on the story for the Indiana Jones sequel Kingdom of the Crystal Skull, five of Lucass seven features are among the 100 highest-grossing movies at the North American box office, adjusted for ticket-price inflation. Lucas is one of the American film industrys most financially successful filmmakers, Lucas is considered a significant figure in the New Hollywood era. Lucas was born and raised in Modesto, California, the son of Dorothy Ellinore Lucas and George Walton Lucas and he is of German, Swiss-German, English, Scottish, and distant Dutch and French descent. Growing up, Lucas had a passion for cars and motor racing, on June 12,1962, while driving his souped-up Autobianchi Bianchina, another driver broadsided him, flipping over his car, nearly killing him, causing him to lose interest in racing as a career. He attended Modesto Junior College, where he studied anthropology, sociology and he also began shooting with an 8 mm camera, including filming car races. At this time, Lucas and his friend John Plummer became interested in Canyon Cinema, screenings of underground, avant-garde 16 mm filmmakers like Jordan Belson, Stan Brakhage, and Bruce Conner. Lucas and Plummer also saw classic European films of the time, including Jean-Luc Godards Breathless, François Truffauts Jules et Jim, thats when George really started exploring, Plummer said. Through his interest in racing, Lucas met renowned cinematographer Haskell Wexler, another race enthusiast. Wexler, later to work with Lucas on several occasions, was impressed by Lucas talent, George had a very good eye, and he thought visually, he recalled. Lucas then transferred to the University of Southern California School of Cinematic Arts, USC was one of the earliest universities to have a school devoted to motion picture film. During the years at USC, Lucas shared a room with Randal Kleiser. Along with classmates such as Walter Murch, Hal Barwood, and John Milius and he also became good friends with fellow acclaimed student filmmaker and future Indiana Jones collaborator, Steven Spielberg
28.
Star Wars (film)
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Star Wars is a 1977 American epic space opera film written and directed by George Lucas. The first installment in the Star Wars film series, it stars Mark Hamill, Harrison Ford, Carrie Fisher, Peter Cushing, David Prowse, James Earl Jones, Anthony Daniels, Kenny Baker, and Peter Mayhew co-star in supporting roles. The plot focuses on the Rebel Alliance, led by Princess Leia, and its attempt to destroy the Galactic Empires space station and this conflict disrupts the isolated life of farmhand Luke Skywalker, who inadvertently acquires a pair of droids that possess stolen architectural plans for the Death Star. Star Wars was released theatrically in the United States on May 25,1977 and it earned $461 million in the U. S. and $314 million overseas, totaling $775 million. It surpassed Jaws to become the film of all time until the release of E. T. the Extra-Terrestrial. When adjusted for inflation, Star Wars is the film in North America. It received ten Academy Award nominations, winning seven and it was among the first films to be selected as part of the U. S. Library of Congress National Film Registry as being culturally, historically, at the time, it was the most recent film on the registry and the only one chosen from the 1970s. Its soundtrack was added to the U. S. National Recording Registry in 2004, today, it is often regarded as one of the best films of all time, as well as one of the most important films in the history of motion pictures. It launched an industry of tie-in products, including TV series spinoffs, novels, comic books, and video games, the films success led to two critically and commercially successful sequels, The Empire Strikes Back and Return of the Jedi. A prequel trilogy was released between 1999 and 2005, followed by a trilogy beginning in 2015. In 2016, Rogue One was released as a prequel to the original Star Wars film. The galaxy is in the midst of a civil war, spies for the Rebel Alliance have stolen plans to the Galactic Empires Death Star, a heavily armed space station capable of destroying an entire planet. Rebel leader Princess Leia has the plans, but her ship is captured by Imperial forces under the command of the evil Darth Vader, before she is captured, Leia hides the plans in the memory of an astromech droid, R2-D2, along with a holographic recording. R2-D2 flees to the surface of the desert planet Tatooine with C-3PO, the droids are captured by Jawa traders, who sell them to moisture farmers Owen and Beru Lars and their nephew Luke Skywalker. While cleaning R2-D2, Luke accidentally triggers part of Leias message, the next morning, Luke finds R2-D2 searching for Obi-Wan, and meets Ben Kenobi, an old hermit who lives in the hills and reveals himself to be Obi-Wan. Contrary to his uncles statements, Luke learns that his father, Anakin, Obi-Wan tells Luke that Vader was his former pupil who turned to the dark side of the Force and killed Anakin. Obi-Wan then presents to Luke his fathers weapon – a lightsaber, Obi-Wan views Leias complete message, in which she begs him to take the Death Star plans to her home planet of Alderaan and give them to her father for analysis
29.
Billy Dee Williams
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William December Billy Dee Williams Jr. is an American actor, artist, singer, and writer. Williams was born in New York, the son of Loretta Anne, a West Indian-born elevator operator from Montserrat and he has a twin sister, Loretta, and grew up in Harlem, where he was raised by his maternal grandmother while his parents worked at several jobs. Williams first appeared on Broadway in 1945 in The Firebrand of Florence and he returned to Broadway as an adult in 1960 in the adaptation of The Cool Word. He appeared in A Taste of Honey in 1961, a 1976 Broadway production, I Have a Dream, was directed by Robert Greenwald and starred Williams as Martin Luther King Jr. His most recent Broadway appearance was in August Wilsons Fences, as a replacement for James Earl Jones in the role of Troy Maxson in 1988. Williams made his debut in 1959 in The Last Angry Man, opposite Paul Muni. The film was so popular that it was given a theatrical release, both Williams and Caan were nominated for Emmy Awards for best actor for their performances. In 1972, he starred as Billie Holidays husband Louis McKay in Motown Productions Holiday biopic Lady Sings the Blues, the film was a box office blockbuster, becoming one of the highest-grossing films of the year and received five Academy Award nominations. Diana Ross starred in Lady Sings the Blues opposite Williams, Motown paired the two of them three years later in the successful follow-up project Mahogany. The early 1980s brought Williams the role of Lando Calrissian, which he played in The Empire Strikes Back, Calrissians charm proved to be popular with audiences. Between his appearances in the Star Wars films, he starred alongside Sylvester Stallone as a cop in the 1981 thriller Nighthawks and he co-starred in 1989s Batman as district attorney Harvey Dent, a role that was planned to develop into Dents alter-ego, the villain Two-Face, in sequels. Unfortunately for Williams, that never came to pass, he was set to reprise the role in the sequel Batman Returns, but his character was deleted and replaced with villain Max Shreck. When Joel Schumacher stepped in to direct Batman Forever, where Two-Face was to be a secondary villain, Schumacher decided to hire Tommy Lee Jones for the role. There was a rumor that Schumacher had to pay Williams a fee in order to hire Jones, I had a two-picture deal with Star Wars. They paid me for that, but I only had a one deal for Batman. Williams eventually voiced Two-Face in the 2017 film The Lego Batman Movie, after The Walt Disney Company acquired ownership of Lucasfilm in 2012, plans for a sequel trilogy to the Star Wars films were announced. On April 29,2014, Disney announced a cast list for Star Wars Episode VII, the confirmed cast included the actors who portrayed Han Solo, Princess Leia and Luke Skywalker, along with Chewbacca, C-3PO and R2-D2, but Calrissians character was omitted. Fans made their displeasure known on social networks immediately, Williamss television work included a recurring guest-starring role on the short-lived show Gideons Crossing
30.
Seth MacFarlane
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Seth Woodbury MacFarlane is an American television producer, filmmaker, actor, and singer, working primarily in animation and comedy, as well as live-action and other genres. MacFarlane is the creator of the TV series Family Guy, co-creator of the TV series American Dad. and he also wrote, directed, and starred in the films Ted, its sequel Ted 2, and A Million Ways to Die in the West. MacFarlane is a graduate of the Rhode Island School of Design, recruited to Hollywood, he was an animator and writer for Hanna-Barbera for several television series, including Johnny Bravo, Cow and Chicken, Dexters Laboratory, I Am Weasel, and Larry & Steve. As an actor, he has made guest appearances on series, such as Gilmore Girls, The War at Home, in 2008, he created his own YouTube series titled Seth MacFarlanes Cavalcade of Cartoon Comedy. He won several awards for his work on Family Guy, including two Primetime Emmy Awards and an Annie Award, in 2009, he won the Webby Award for Film & Video Person of the Year. He occasionally speaks at universities and colleges throughout the United States, MacFarlanes first feature-length comedy film, Ted, features his voice acting and performance-capture as the titular anthropomorphic teddy bear and became the highest-grossing original R-rated comedy. As a singer MacFarlane has performed at venues, including Carnegie Hall. MacFarlane has released three albums, in the same vein of his musical idol Frank Sinatra, beginning with Music Is Better Than Words in 2011. He wrote the lyrics for the Academy Award-nominated song Everybody Needs a Best Friend for Ted, MacFarlane served as executive producer of Cosmos, A Spacetime Odyssey, an update of the 1980s Carl Sagan–hosted Cosmos series, hosted by Neil deGrasse Tyson. MacFarlane was instrumental in providing funding for the series, as well as securing support for it from other entertainment executives. MacFarlane was born and raised in Kent, Connecticut and his parents, Ronald Milton MacFarlane and Ann Perry, were born in Newburyport, Massachusetts. His sister is voice actress Rachael Ann MacFarlane and he is of English, Scottish, and Irish descent, with roots in New England going back to the 1600s, including descent from Mayflower passenger William Brewster. MacFarlanes parents met in 1970, when both lived and worked in Boston, Massachusetts, and married later that year. The couple moved to Kent in 1972, where Ann began working in the Admissions Office at South Kent School and she later worked in the College Guidance and Admissions Offices at the Kent School, a selective college preparatory school, where Ronald was a teacher. During his childhood, MacFarlane developed an interest in illustration and began drawing cartoon characters Fred Flintstone and Woody Woodpecker, as early as two years old. By the age of five, MacFarlane knew that he would want to pursue a career in animation, in one anecdote from the time, MacFarlane said in an October 2011 interview that as a child he was always weirdly fascinated by the Communion ceremony. He created a strip with a character kneeling at the altar taking Communion, the paper printed it and he got an angry letter from the local priest, it led to sort of a little mini-controversy in the town. MacFarlane received his high school diploma in 1991 from the Kent School, while there, he continued experimenting with animation, and his parents gave him an 8 mm camera
31.
Seth Green
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Seth Benjamin Green is an American actor, comedian, producer, writer, and director. Green is the creator and executive producer and most-frequent voice on Adult Swims Robot Chicken and he directed many of the Robot Chicken specials including Robot Chicken, Star Wars and DC Comics Special. His feature films include Airborne, The Italian Job, Party Monster, Cant Hardly Wait, Without a Paddle, Green is also known for his role as Chris Griffin on Foxs Family Guy and previously as Daniel Oz Osbourne in Buffy the Vampire Slayer, and Greg the Bunny. He voices Lieutenant Gibbs in Titan Maximum and Jeff Joker Moreau in the Mass Effect video game series. Green has appeared in such as Rat Race, Americas Sweethearts, Old Dogs, as a child in Woody Allens Radio Days. Seth Green was born Seth Benjamin Gesshel-Green in Overbrook Park, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Green later legally changed his name to Seth Benjamin Green to reflect my professional stage name. He is of Russian, Scottish, and Polish descent, Green started acting at the age of 7. His early comic influences included Monty Python, Blackadder, Saturday Night Live, Richard Pryor, Bill Cosby, Porkys, greens first movie roles were in the 1984 films Billions for Boris and The Hotel New Hampshire, the second film cast him alongside Jodie Foster and Rob Lowe. He appeared in the 1987 film Cant Buy Me Love, playing Patrick Dempseys characters little brother, in 1984, Green portrayed Carl Alfalfa Switzer in the Jell-O Gelatin Pops commercials featuring The Little Rascals. In 1991, Green rose to fame in a Rallys Cha Ching commercial, Green was given a key to New Orleans in honor of his role in the popular commercial. Green appeared in the film It, the horror film Ticks, all three Austin Powers movies as Dr. Evils son, Scott, and Enemy of the State and The Italian Job as a computer specialist. He was also in the films Cant Hardly Wait, Rat Race, Without a Paddle, Idle Hands and Party Monster, Green also had a role in the 1992 film Buffy the Vampire Slayer, but the scene he was in was subsequently cut. In 1994, he starred alongside Jennifer Love Hewitt in the short-lived series The Byrds of Paradise and he worked with Hewitt again in 1998s Cant Hardly Wait. Seth is not related to Bruce Seth Green, who directed episodes of Buffy the Vampire Slayer. On occasion, some sources confuse the two and have credited Seth as the director, as an actor in the series, he was close to co-star Alyson Hannigan because they were lovers in the show. He played a calm, mild-mannered band member who turned into a werewolf. He is very popular among fans of the series, Green has starred on Foxs Greg the Bunny and guest-starred on The X-Files, That 70s Show, Will & Grace, MADtv, Reno 911. Entourage, Greys Anatomy, The Wonder Years, Heroes, The Facts of Life, Green provides the voice of Chris for the animated television sitcom Family Guy, created by Seth MacFarlane for Fox Broadcasting Company
32.
Family Guy
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Family Guy is an American adult animated sitcom created by Seth MacFarlane for the Fox Broadcasting Company. The series centers on the Griffins, a family consisting of parents Peter and Lois, their children Meg, Chris, and Stewie, and their anthropomorphic pet dog Brian. The show is set in the city of Quahog, Rhode Island. The family was conceived by MacFarlane after developing two animated films, The Life of Larry and Larry & Steve, MacFarlane redesigned the films protagonist, Larry, and his dog, Steve, and renamed them Peter and Brian, respectively. MacFarlane pitched a pilot to Fox in 1998, and the show was greenlit. Shortly after the season of Family Guy had aired in 2002, Fox canceled the series. Adult Swim burned off the episode in 2003, finishing the original run. However, favorable DVD sales and high ratings for syndicated reruns on Adult Swim convinced the network to renew the show in 2004 for a fourth season, since its debut on January 31,1999,286 episodes of Family Guy have been broadcast. Its fifteenth season began on September 25,2016, Family Guy has been nominated for 12 Primetime Emmy Awards and 11 Annie Awards, and has won three of each. In 2009, it was nominated for an Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Comedy Series, Family Guy has also received criticism, including unfavorable comparisons to The Simpsons. In 2008, MacFarlane confirmed that the cast was interested in producing a feature film, a spin-off series, The Cleveland Show, featuring Cleveland Brown, aired from September 27,2009, to May 19,2013. The Simpsons Guy, an episode with The Simpsons, aired on September 28,2014. Family Guy is a joint production by Fuzzy Door Productions and 20th Century Fox Television, in 2013, TV Guide ranked Family Guy the ninth Greatest TV Cartoon of All Time. On May 15,2016, Family Guy was renewed for a fifteenth season, living with the family is their witty, smoking, martini-swilling, sarcastic, English-speaking anthropomorphic dog Brian, though he is still considered a pet in many respects. Recurring characters appear alongside the Griffin family, TV news anchors Tom Tucker and Diane Simmons, Asian reporter Tricia Takanawa, and Blaccu-Weather meteorologist Ollie Williams also make frequent appearances. Actors Adam West and James Woods guest star as themselves in various episodes, the primary setting of Family Guy is Quahog, a fictional district of Providence, Rhode Island that was founded by Peters ancestor Griffin Peterson. MacFarlane resided in Providence during his time as a student at Rhode Island School of Design, MacFarlane often borrows the names of Rhode Island locations and icons such as Pawtucket and Buddy Cianci for use in the show. MacFarlane, in an interview with a program on WNAC-TV, Channel 64 in Providence, stated that the town is modeled after Cranston
33.
Robot Chicken
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The writers, especially Green, also provide many of the voices. Senreich, Goldstein, and Root were formerly writers for the action figure hobbyist magazine ToyFare. Robot Chicken has won an Annie Award and five Emmy Awards, Robot Chicken is based on Twisted ToyFare Theater, a humorous photo comic-strip appearing in ToyFare, The Toy Magazine. The series first appeared as Sweet J Presents on the Sony website Screenblast. com in 2001, in the first episode, Conan OBrien was a featured character, voiced by Family Guy creator Seth MacFarlane. Sweet J Presents ended after 12 episodes and moved to Cartoon Networks Adult Swim in 2005 as Robot Chicken, premiering on Sunday, some television networks and sketch shows rejected Robot Chicken, including Comedy Central, MADtv, Saturday Night Live, and even Cartoon Network. However, someone at Cartoon Network passed the pitch along to Adult Swim, around the time that Seth MacFarlane told Seth Green. It employs stop motion animation of toys, action figures, claymation, and various objects, such as tongue depressors, The Game of Life pegs. One particular motif involves the idea of characters being placed in a more realistic world or situation. The Star Wars episode was nominated for a 2008 Emmy Award as Outstanding Animated Program. Sat Adult Swim block, many of the shows sketches from Sweet J Presents were redone for Robot Chicken. The series was renewed for a 20-episode third season, which ran from August 1,2007, after an eight-month hiatus during the third season, the show returned on August 31,2008, to air the remaining 5 episodes. The series was renewed for a season which premiered on December 7,2008. In early 2010, the show was renewed for a fifth and sixth season, season 5 premiered on December 12,2010. The second group of episodes began broadcasting on October 23,2011, the 100th episode aired on January 15,2012. In May 2012, Adult Swim announced they were picking up a season of Robot Chicken. The seventh season premiered on April 13,2014, season 8 premiered on October 25,2015. On a stormy night, a mad scientist finds a road-killed chicken, claypool also composed and performed the shows theme song. In the episode 1987, Michael Ian Black claims that this sequence tells the viewers that they are the chicken, beginning in the sixth season, a new opening sequence has been featured with a role reversal. The chicken comes upon the body of the scientist, which has been decapitated, beginning in the eighth season, a new opening sequence has been featured with the Robot Chicken being uncovered in snow frozen in a block of ice by cyborgs
34.
Earl's Court
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The Earls Court Exhibition Centre was one of the countrys largest indoor arenas and a popular concert venue until its closure in 2014. Earls Court was once an area, covered with green fields. The Saxon Thegn Edwin held the lordship of the prior to the Norman conquest. By circa 1095, his tenure had been converted, and he held Kensington directly of the crown, a church had been constructed there by 1104. The earls held their manorial court where Old Manor Yard is now, Earls Court Farm is visible on Greenwoods map of London dated 1827. The construction of the Metropolitan District Railway station in 1865–69 was a catalyst for development, in the quarter century after 1867, Earls Court was transformed into a densely populated suburb with 1,200 houses and two churches. The Earls Court ward had a population of 9,659 according to the 2001 census, following the Second World War a number of Polish immigrants settled in the Earls Court area leading to Earls Court Road being dubbed the Danzig Corridor. During the late 1960s a large transient population of Australian and New Zealand travellers began to use Earls Court as a UK hub and over time it gained the name Kangaroo Valley. It was at the one of the cheapest areas close to central London. The area was, for a time, the place to buy. This moved off in the direction of the New North Road in the 1980s, the name Kangaroo Valley lingers on in the usage of older expatriate Australasians and Australasian visitors, as does the alternative nickname Kangaroo Court. The change in the population is largely owed to rocketing property prices. The scale of change is illustrated by the divide between the eastern and western areas of Earls Court. Despite fighting fiercely for the centre it has, according to Dave Hill in The Guardian. Howard Carter, English archaeologist, Egyptologist and primary discoverer of the tomb of Tutankhamun, benjamin Britten, English composer, conductor, violist and pianist, lived at 173 Cromwell Road. Edwin Arnold, English poet and journalist, lived at 31 Bolton Gardens, alfred Hitchcock, English filmmaker and producer, lived at 153 Cromwell Road. Dame Ellen Terry, leading Shakespearian stage actress in Britain in the 1880s and 1890s, Sir William Orpen, Irish portrait painter, lived at 8 South Bolton Gardens. Norman Lockyer, English scientist and astronomer credited with discovering the gas helium, hattie Jacques an English comedy actress of stage, radio and screen including the Carry On films, lived at 67 Eardley Crescent
35.
Steve Sansweet
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Stephen J. Sansweet is the chairman and president of Rancho Obi-Wan, a nonprofit museum that houses the worlds largest collection of Star Wars memorabilia. Prior to his retirement in April 2011, he was Director of Content Management and head of Fan Relations at Lucasfilm Ltd. for 15 years and he is author or co-author of eighteen books, sixteen of them about Star Wars. After Sansweet relocated to Northern California to be closer to his new office at Skywalker Ranch, he bought a chicken ranch. The property was renamed Rancho Obi-Wan, in September 2013, his collection of an estimated 300,000 items was recognized by the Guinness Book of Records as being the largest of its kind in the world. Sansweet was born in 1945 and raised in the Wynnefield section of Philadelphia and he says he knew he wanted to be a writer from age six, when he hand-printed a newsletter and sold copies to neighbors for three cents. School newspapers, magazines, and yearbooks followed, and he became a major at Temple University. Sansweet says that he got a lot out of his classes, but he got as much out of a unique community of fellow students who put out the four-times-a-week Temple News. There was no training, from reporting and writing to photography and editing — and even paste-up in the composing room to get the offset daily ready for the printer. In 2009, he was inducted into Temples Media Hall of Excellence, immediately after graduating, he went to work full-time for the Inquirer. During this time, Sansweet served a stint in the U. S. Air Force Reserve. In early 1969 Sansweet became a reporter for the Wall Street Journal, after working in the Journals Philadelphia and Montreal bureaus, Sansweet was transferred to Los Angeles, where he covered the gaming industry, aerospace, banking, and Hollywood. Sansweet was a lecturer in journalism at the University of Southern California in the mid-1980s. His title later changed to Director of Content Management and head of Fan Relations, Sansweet turned his love of the Star Wars saga into a second career, acting as Lucasfilms liaison to fans worldwide, and their liaison to the company. He did presentations at well over 100 conventions in the U. S. and many more internationally from the U. K. France, Spain, and Germany, to Australia, Japan, Mexico, and Finland. It was announced on October 20,2010, that Sansweet would be stepping down as Head of Fan Relations effective April 2011, now its time for another change and new challenges, while still maintaining an active role in the Star Wars fan community
36.
Baltimore
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Baltimore is the largest city in the U. S. state of Maryland, and the 29th-most populous city in the country. It was established by the Constitution of Maryland and is not part of any county, thus, it is the largest independent city in the United States, with a population of 621,849 as of 2015. As of 2010, the population of the Baltimore Metropolitan Area was 2.7 million, founded in 1729, Baltimore is the second largest seaport in the Mid-Atlantic. Baltimores Inner Harbor was once the leading port of entry for immigrants to the United States. With hundreds of identified districts, Baltimore has been dubbed a city of neighborhoods, in the War of 1812, Francis Scott Key wrote The Star-Spangled Banner, later the American national anthem, in Baltimore. More than 65,000 properties, or roughly one in three buildings in the city, are listed on the National Register, more than any city in the nation. The city has 289 properties listed on the National Register of Historic Places, the historical records of the government of Baltimore are located at the Baltimore City Archives. The city is named after Cecil Calvert, second Lord Baltimore, of the Irish House of Lords, Baltimore Manor was the name of the estate in County Longford on which the Calvert family lived in Ireland. Baltimore is an anglicization of the Irish name Baile an Tí Mhóir, in 1608, Captain John Smith traveled 210 miles from Jamestown to the uppermost Chesapeake Bay, leading the first European expedition to the Patapsco River. The name Patapsco is derived from pota-psk-ut, which translates to backwater or tide covered with froth in Algonquian dialect, a quarter century after John Smiths voyage, English colonists began to settle in Maryland. The area constituting the modern City of Baltimore and its area was first settled by David Jones in 1661. He claimed the area today as Harbor East on the east bank of the Jones Falls stream. In the early 1600s, the immediate Baltimore vicinity was populated, if at all. The Baltimore area had been inhabited by Native Americans since at least the 10th millennium BC, one Paleo-Indian site and several Archaic period and Woodland period archaeological sites have been identified in Baltimore, including four from the Late Woodland period. During the Late Woodland period, the culture that is called the Potomac Creek complex resided in the area from Baltimore to the Rappahannock River in Virginia. It was located on the Bush River on land that in 1773 became part of Harford County, in 1674, the General Assembly passed An Act for erecting a Court-house and Prison in each County within this Province. The site of the house and jail for Baltimore County was evidently Old Baltimore near the Bush River. In 1683, the General Assembly passed An Act for Advancement of Trade to establish towns, ports, one of the towns established by the act in Baltimore County was on Bush River, on Town Land, near the Court-House
37.
Minneapolis
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Minneapolis is the county seat of Hennepin County, and the larger of the Twin Cities, the 16th-largest metropolitan area in the United States. As of 2015, Minneapolis is the largest city in the state of Minnesota, Minneapolis and Saint Paul anchor the second-largest economic center in the Midwest, after Chicago. Minneapolis lies on both banks of the Mississippi River, just north of the confluence with the Minnesota River, and adjoins Saint Paul. It was once the worlds flour milling capital and a hub for timber, the city and surrounding region is the primary business center between Chicago and Seattle, with Minneapolis proper containing Americas fifth-highest concentration of Fortune 500 companies. As an integral link to the economy, Minneapolis is categorized as a global city. Noted for its music and performing arts scenes, Minneapolis is home to both the award-winning Guthrie Theater and the historic First Avenue nightclub. The name Minneapolis is attributed to Charles Hoag, the citys first schoolteacher, who combined mni, a Dakota Sioux word for water, and polis, Dakota Sioux had long been the regions sole residents when French explorers arrived around 1680. For a time relations were based on fur trading, gradually more European-American settlers arrived, competing for game and other resources with the Dakota. In the early 19th century, the United States acquired this territory from France, fort Snelling was built in 1819 by the United States Army, and it attracted traders, settlers and merchants, spurring growth in the area. The United States government pressed the Mdewakanton band of the Dakota to sell their land, the Minnesota Territorial Legislature authorized present-day Minneapolis as a town in 1856 on the Mississippis west bank. Minneapolis incorporated as a city in 1867, the rail service began between Minneapolis and Chicago. It later joined with the city of St. Anthony in 1872. Minneapolis developed around Saint Anthony Falls, the highest waterfall on the Mississippi River, forests in northern Minnesota were a valuable resource for the lumber industry, which operated seventeen sawmills on power from the waterfall. By 1871, the west river bank had twenty-three businesses, including mills, woolen mills, iron works, a railroad machine shop, and mills for cotton, paper, sashes. Due to the hazards of milling, six local sources of artificial limbs were competing in the prosthetics business by the 1890s. The farmers of the Great Plains grew grain that was shipped by rail to the citys thirty-four flour mills, a father of modern milling in America and founder of what became General Mills, Cadwallader C. Some ideas were developed by William Dixon Gray and some acquired through industrial espionage from the Hungarians by William de la Barre, pillsbury Company across the river were barely a step behind, hiring Washburn employees to immediately use the new methods. The hard red spring wheat that grows in Minnesota became valuable, not until later did consumers discover the value in the bran that Minneapolis
38.
The Empire Strikes Back
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The Empire Strikes Back is a 1980 American epic space opera film directed by Irvin Kershner. Leigh Brackett and Lawrence Kasdan wrote the screenplay, with George Lucas writing the films story, the film is set three years after Star Wars. The Galactic Empire, under the leadership of the villainous Darth Vader and the Emperor, is in pursuit of Luke Skywalker, while Vader chases a small band of Lukes friends—Han Solo, Princess Leia Organa, and others—across the galaxy, Luke studies the Force under Jedi Master Yoda. When Vader captures Lukes friends, Luke must decide whether to complete his training and become a full Jedi Knight or to confront Vader, following a difficult production, The Empire Strikes Back was released on May 21,1980. The film ranks #3 on Empires 2008 list of the 500 greatest movies of all time and it became the highest-grossing film of 1980 and, to date, has earned more than $538 million worldwide from its original run and several re-releases. When adjusted for inflation, it is the sequel of all time. The film was followed by a sequel, titled Return of the Jedi, in 2010, the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress for being culturally, historically, and aesthetically significant. Three years after the destruction of the Death Star, the Rebel Alliance has been driven from their base on Yavin IV by the Galactic Empire. The Rebels, led by Princess Leia, have set up their new base on the ice planet Hoth, the Imperial fleet, led by Darth Vader, continues to hunt for the Rebels’ new base by dispatching probe droids across the galaxy. While investigating a meteor strike, Luke Skywalker is injured and captured by a wampa. He manages to escape from its cave with his lightsaber, the ghost of his late mentor, Obi-Wan Kenobi, instructs him to go to the Dagobah system to train under Jedi Master Yoda. He is found by Han Solo, who kills his tauntaun, Han and Luke make it through the night and are rescued by a search party. On patrol, Han and Chewbacca discover the meteor Luke had planned to investigate is actually a probe droid, the Empire launches a large-scale attack, using AT-AT Walkers to capture the base. Despite heavy resistance, the Walkers destroy the shield generator. Han and Leia escape on the Millennium Falcon with C-3PO and Chewbacca and they hide in an asteroid field, where Han and Leia grow closer, and eventually, kiss. Vader summons bounty hunters, including the notorious Boba Fett, to assist in finding the Falcon, Luke, meanwhile, escapes with R2-D2 in his X-wing fighter and crash-lands on the swamp planet Dagobah. He meets a creature who is revealed to be Yoda, after conferring with Obi-Wans spirit. Yoda trains Luke as a Jedi and raises his sunken ship from the swamp with the power of the Force, after evading the Empire, Han sets a course for Cloud City, a floating colony in the skies of the gas giant planet Bespin
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Mark Hamill
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Mark Richard Hamill is an American actor, voice actor, producer and writer. He is known for playing Luke Skywalker in the Star Wars film series and his other works include Corvette Summer and The Big Red One, among other television shows and movies. Hamill has also appeared on stage in several productions, primarily during the 1980s. He currently recurs in the The CW television series The Flash as James Jesse / Trickster, Hamill is a prolific voice actor who has voiced characters in many animated television shows, movies, and video games since the 1970s. He is known for his role as DC Comics the Joker, commencing with Batman. Hamill was born in Oakland, California, to Virginia Suzanne and he is one of seven children, having two brothers, Will and Patrick, and four sisters, Terry, Jan, Jeanie, and Kim. His father has English, Scottish, Irish, and Welsh ancestry and his mother was of half Swedish and his fathers changes of station and attendant family moves led to the Hamill children changing schools often. In his elementary years, he went to Walsingham Academy and Poe Middle School, at age 11, he moved to the 5900 block of Castleton Drive in San Diego, California, where he attended Hale Junior High School. During his first year at James Madison High School, his family moved to Virginia, by his junior year, his father was stationed in Japan, where Hamill attended and was a member of the Drama Club at Nile C. Kinnick High School, from which he graduated in 1969 and he later enrolled at Los Angeles City College, majoring in drama. Hamill was raised as a Roman Catholic, and described his father as a Nixon Republican, Hamills early career included a recurring role on the soap opera General Hospital, and a starring role on the short-lived sitcom The Texas Wheelers. He portrayed the oldest son, David, in the episode of Eight Is Enough, though the role was later performed by Grant Goodeve. He also had guest appearances on The Bill Cosby Show, The Partridge Family, Room 222 and he appeared in multiple television films such as The City, and Sarah T. - Portrait of a Teenage Alcoholic, Robert Englund was auditioning for a role in Apocalypse Now when he walked across the hall where auditions were taking place for George Lucass Star Wars. After watching the auditions for a while, he realized that Hamill, his friend and he suggested to Hamill that he audition for the role, Hamill did and won the role. Released in May 1977, Star Wars was an unexpected success and had a huge effect on the film industry. Hamill also appeared in the Star Wars Holiday Special in 1978 and later starred in the successful sequels The Empire Strikes Back, during the time between the first two films, Hamill was involved in a serious automobile accident, fracturing his nose and left cheekbone. The injuries required surgery on his face which made him look different during the filming of The Empire Strikes Back
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Luke Skywalker
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Luke Skywalker is a fictional character and the main protagonist of the original film trilogy of the Star Wars franchise created by George Lucas. The character, portrayed by Mark Hamill, is an important figure in the Rebel Alliances struggle against the Galactic Empire. The now non-canon Star Wars expanded universe depicts him as a powerful Jedi Master, husband of Mara Jade, in 2015, the character was selected by Empire magazine as the 50th greatest movie character of all time. On their list of the 100 Greatest Fictional Characters, Fandomania. com ranked the character at number 14, Luke Skywalker was initially called Anakin Starkiller, and went through multiple design changes. The character was at one point designed as a 60-year-old grizzled war hero, later as a Jedi Master, the last name Starkiller remained for the first few months of production, Hamill on-camera using the name Luke Starkiller the sole time he referred to himself during filming. Starkiller was dropped due to what Lucas called unpleasant connotations, after Hamill was involved in a car accident, the Wampa attack at the beginning of The Empire Strikes Back was written in to explain his facial injuries. An alternative ending pitched by George Lucas for Return of the Jedi was Luke assuming his fathers role as Darth Vader after the latters death, though Lawrence Kasdan favored the idea, Lucas ultimately declined, since the films were made for children. Another conclusion to the featured the character disappearing into the wilderness akin to Clint Eastwood in the spaghetti westerns. During the filming of the original Star Wars trilogy, George Lucas informed Hamill that he would be needed to reprise the role when he was middle aged, Lucas further explained that his role as Luke would be handing Excalibur to the next generation. Hamill had no reaction at the time, as he thought of making Star Wars films decades in the future as an abstract concept, Hamill learned of the sequel trilogy over the summer of 2012 at a Star Wars celebration during lunch where Lucas told him one was in development. Hamill recalled shaving his beard to portray The Trickster in The Flash, Hamill attended meetings for script readings, and helped conceal Lukes role in the film, instead of dialogue, he read stage directions. Abrams said it allowed him to remain involved and that his reading helped make an experience for everyone. In the prequel film, Star Wars, Episode III – Revenge of the Sith, Luke is born to Senator Padmé Amidala along with his twin sister, Luke Skywalker lives on a moisture farm on Tatooine with his Uncle Owen and Aunt Beru. Luke takes his first steps toward his destiny when he buys the droids C-3PO, when R2-D2 goes missing, Luke goes out to find him and encounters Obi-Wan Kenobi, an old hermit. Luke discovers that R2-D2 contains a message for Obi-Wan from Princess Leia Organa of Alderaan beseeching him to help her defeat the Galactic Empire, Obi-Wan says that he and Lukes father were once Jedi Knights, and that his father was murdered by a traitorous Jedi named Darth Vader. Obi-Wan presents Luke with his fathers lightsaber and offers to him to Alderaan and train him in the ways of the Force. Luke changes his mind when he returns home to find that Imperial stormtroopers have killed his aunt, Obi-Wan deactivates the tractor beam and he later sacrifices his life in a duel with Vader so that Luke and his friends can board the Falcon and escape. During the films battle scene, Luke joins the Rebel Alliance in attacking the Death Star
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Disney's Hollywood Studios
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Disneys Hollywood Studios, originally Disney-MGM Studios, is a theme park at the Walt Disney World Resort in Bay Lake, Florida, near Orlando. It is owned and operated by The Walt Disney Company through its Parks, based on an idea by Marty Sklar, Randy Bright, and Michael Eisner, the park opened on May 1,1989, and was the third of four theme parks built at Walt Disney World. To increase public interest and the variety of representation within the park, Disney entered into a licensing agreement with Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. The parks current name took effect in 2008, with the removal of the MGM-branding throughout the park, the parks icon was originally the Earffel Tower from the parks opening until 2001 when the Sorcerers Hat—a stylized version of the magical hat from Fantasia—was erected in the parks central hub. It then served as the icon until its removal in January 2015. The tower was removed in April 2016. Currently, the park remains without an official designated icon, although both the Great Movie Ride and the Twilight Zone Tower of Terror are represented as such in marketing materials. In 2015, the park hosted approximately 10.8 million guests, ranking it the fifth most-visited theme park in North America and we welcome you to a Hollywood that never was—and always will be. A team of Walt Disney Imagineers led by Marty Sklar and Randy Bright had been given an assignment to two new pavilions for Epcots Future World section. The brainstorming sessions led to Wonders of Life and Great Movie Ride pavilions, the latter was to look like a soundstage backdrop, with a movie theater-style entrance in the middle and would have sat between the Land and Journey Into Imagination pavilions. In 1988, MGM/UA responded by filing a lawsuit that claimed Disney violated the agreement by operating a working movie, when the park first opened, the only two attractions were the Studio Backlot Tour and The Great Movie Ride. Disney later filed a countersuit, claiming that MGM/UA and MGM Grand, on October 23,1992, Los Angeles Superior Court Judge Curtis B. The 33-acre MGM Grand Adventures Theme Park opened in 1993 at the Las Vegas site, on August 9,2007, Walt Disney World President Meg Crofton announced that Disney-MGM Studios would be re-branded as Disneys Hollywood Studios, effective January 7,2008. On March 12,2015, during a shareholders meeting. Disneys Hollywood Studios is divided into six themed areas, the parks original layout featured a large Hidden Mickey, which was visible in aerial photographs of the park and on the parks early guide maps. Construction and other changes have eliminated much of this image. Hollywood Boulevard, inspired by the street in Los Angeles, serves as the main entrance and operates in the same vein as Main Street. It is lined with themed streetscape facades and venues selling Disney merchandise, guests enter through the main entrance gate, which resembles the Pan-Pacific Auditorium
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Star Tours
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This list of characters from the Star Wars franchise contains only those which are considered part of the official Star Wars canon. C-3PO and R2-D2 are the characters to appear in all films to date
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Ian McDiarmid
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Ian McDiarmid is an Olivier and Tony award-winning Scottish character actor and director. He has appeared in 47 films since 1976, internationally, he is most famous for his role as Palpatine in the Star Wars film series. McDiarmid was born in Carnoustie, Scotland and he became a theatre aficionado when he was five years old, when his father took him to see an act named Tommy Morgan at a theatre in Dundee. In 2004, he stated, It sort of fascinated me, all those lights, all that make-up. I said to myself, I dont know what this is, however, fearing his fathers disapproval, McDiarmid attended Queens College, Dundee, part of the University of St Andrews, where he received an M. A. in psychology. Soon after, he decided to pursue a career in the theatre instead, in 1968, McDiarmid received a gold medal for his work, the first of many recognitions given to him for his work in the theatre. McDiarmid claimed he became its recipient by doing all the jobs you have to do when you are young. McDiarmid is renowned for his work in British theatre, having won plaudits as an actor and director from a variety of sources. He has starred in a variety of Shakespeare plays, including Hamlet, The Tempest, Much Ado About Nothing, Ross, from April to June 2012, he played the title role in Timon of Athens at Chicago Shakespeare Theater. He played Ivanov in Tom Stoppards play Every Good Boy Deserves Favour at the Mermaid Theatre in 1978, the two men resigned in 2001 with the venue in good shape. In 1998, they shared the Special Evening Standard Award for Theatrical Achievement of the Year and their tenure was marked by a string of highly successful performances involving actors such as Kevin Spacey and Ralph Fiennes. While connected with the Almeida, McDiarmid directed plays such as Venice Preservd, in 2002, McDiarmid won Almeida Theatres Critics Circle Award for Best Actor for his role as Teddy in a revival of Brian Friels Faith Healer. Five years later in 2006, he reprised this role in his debut on Broadway, directed by Kent, he performed alongside Ralph Fiennes and Cherry Jones, and won the Tony Award for Best Performance by a Featured Actor in a Play. One theatrical performance of note is his portrayal of Harry Hackamore in Sam Shepards play Seduced, by McDiarmids own description, Hackamore was a Howard Hughes-type character. To play the part, he was made-up in prosthetics, including a false beard, after a minor part in the film Dragonslayer, McDiarmid was cast by George Lucas in Return of the Jedi as Emperor Palpatine, the main villain. In the 2004 re-release of The Empire Strikes Back, a scene between Darth Vader and a hologram of Emperor Palpatine was updated to include McDiarmid. McDiarmid made an appearance during Celebration Europe. Ian McDiarmid also voiced a pig version of Palpatine for a video on Angry Birds Star Wars II
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