1.
Gothenburg
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Gothenburg is the second-largest city in Sweden and the fifth-largest in the Nordic countries. Situated by Kattegat, on the west coast of Sweden, the city has a population of approximately 550,000 in the urban area, Gothenburg was founded as a heavily fortified, primarily Dutch, trading colony, by royal charter in 1621 by King Gustavus Adolphus. At a key location at the mouth of the Göta älv, where Scandinavias largest drainage basin enters the sea. Gothenburg is home to students, as the city includes the University of Gothenburg. Volvo was founded in Gothenburg in 1927, the original, parent Volvo Group and the now separate Volvo Car Corporation are still headquartered on the island of Hisingen in the city. Other key companies are SKF and Astra Zeneca, Gothenburg is served by Göteborg Landvetter Airport 30 km southeast of the city center. The smaller Göteborg City Airport,15 km from the city center, was closed to airline traffic in 2015. The city hosts some of the largest annual events in Scandinavia, the Gothenburg Film Festival, held in January since 1979, is the leading Scandinavian film festival with over 155,000 visitors each year. In summer, a variety of music festivals are held in the city, such as Way Out West. The city was named after the Geats, the inhabitants of Gothia, the river on which the city sits is the Göta älv or Gothia River. Göta borg Gothia Fortress is the fort on the Göta Älv, in Dutch, Scots, and English, all languages with a long history in this trade and maritime-oriented city, the name Gothenburg is used for the city. The French form of the city name is Gothembourg, but in French texts, Gothenburg can also be seen in some older English texts. In Spanish the city is called Gotemburgo and these traditional forms are sometimes replaced with the use of the Swedish Göteborg, for example by The Göteborg Opera and the Göteborg Ballet. However, Göteborgs universitet, previously designated as the Göteborg University in English, the Gothenburg municipality has also reverted to the use of the English name in international contexts. Other old variations in Swedish are Götheborgh, and the more common Götheborg, one English text, written in the late 15th century, states the name as Guthaeborg. In 2009, the city launched a new logotype for Gothenburg. Since the name Göteborg contains the Swedish letter ö the idea was to make the more international. As of 2015, the name is spelled Go, teborg on a number of signs in the city
2.
Sweden
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Sweden, officially the Kingdom of Sweden, is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe. It borders Norway to the west and Finland to the east, at 450,295 square kilometres, Sweden is the third-largest country in the European Union by area, with a total population of 10.0 million. Sweden consequently has a low density of 22 inhabitants per square kilometre. Approximately 85% of the lives in urban areas. Germanic peoples have inhabited Sweden since prehistoric times, emerging into history as the Geats/Götar and Swedes/Svear, Southern Sweden is predominantly agricultural, while the north is heavily forested. Sweden is part of the area of Fennoscandia. The climate is in very mild for its northerly latitude due to significant maritime influence. Today, Sweden is a monarchy and parliamentary democracy, with a monarch as head of state. The capital city is Stockholm, which is also the most populous city in the country, legislative power is vested in the 349-member unicameral Riksdag. Executive power is exercised by the government chaired by the prime minister, Sweden is a unitary state, currently divided into 21 counties and 290 municipalities. Sweden emerged as an independent and unified country during the Middle Ages, in the 17th century, it expanded its territories to form the Swedish Empire, which became one of the great powers of Europe until the early 18th century. Swedish territories outside the Scandinavian Peninsula were gradually lost during the 18th and 19th centuries, the last war in which Sweden was directly involved was in 1814, when Norway was militarily forced into personal union. Since then, Sweden has been at peace, maintaining a policy of neutrality in foreign affairs. The union with Norway was peacefully dissolved in 1905, leading to Swedens current borders, though Sweden was formally neutral through both world wars, Sweden engaged in humanitarian efforts, such as taking in refugees from German-occupied Europe. After the end of the Cold War, Sweden joined the European Union on 1 January 1995 and it is also a member of the United Nations, the Nordic Council, Council of Europe, the World Trade Organization and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Sweden maintains a Nordic social welfare system that provides health care. The modern name Sweden is derived through back-formation from Old English Swēoþēod and this word is derived from Sweon/Sweonas. The Swedish name Sverige literally means Realm of the Swedes, excluding the Geats in Götaland, the etymology of Swedes, and thus Sweden, is generally not agreed upon but may derive from Proto-Germanic Swihoniz meaning ones own, referring to ones own Germanic tribe
3.
Breaking the Waves
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Breaking the Waves is a 1996 film directed by Lars von Trier and starring Emily Watson. The film is an international co-production led by Lars von Triers Danish company Zentropa and it is the first film in Triers Golden Heart Trilogy which also includes The Idiots and Dancer in the Dark. Breaking the Waves has been described as perhaps von Triers most widely acclaimed film, Bess McNeill is a pretty young Scottish woman with a history of psychological problems. She marries atheist oil rig worker Jan Nyman, despite disapproval from her community, Bess is steadfast and pure of heart, but extremely simple and childlike in her beliefs. During her frequent visits to the church, she prays to God and carries on conversations with Him using her own voice, Bess has difficulty living without Jan when he is away on the oil platform. Jan makes occasional phone calls to Bess in which they express their love, Bess grows needy and prays for his immediate return. The next day, Jan is severely injured in an accident and is flown back to the mainland. Bess believes her prayer was the reason the accident occurred, that God was punishing her for her selfishness in asking for him to neglect his job, no longer able to perform sexually and mentally affected by the paralysis, Jan asks Bess to find a lover. Bess is devastated and storms out, Jan then attempts to commit suicide and fails. He falls unconscious and is readmitted to hospital and he urges Bess to find another lover and tell him the details, as it will be as if they are together and will revitalize his spirits. Despite her repulsion and inner turmoil to be with other men, Bess throws herself at Jans doctor, but when he rebuffs her, she takes to picking up men off the street and allowing herself to be brutalized in increasingly cruel sexual encounters. The entire village is scandalized by these doings, and Bess is excommunicated, in the face of being cast out from her church, she proclaims, You cannot love words. You cannot be in love with the Word and you can only love a human being. Dodo and Jans doctor agree the way to keep Bess safe from herself is to have her committed. The church refuses to give a funeral for her and damns her soul to hell, unbeknownst to the church elders, Jan and his friends have substituted bags of sand for Besss body inside the sealed coffin. Jan is later shown burying her in the ocean, in deep grief, the film ends as church bells ring in the sky. Emily Watson as Bess McNeill Stellan Skarsgård as Jan Nyman Katrin Cartlidge as Dodo McNeill Jean-Marc Barr as Terry Adrian Rawlins as Dr, however the film breaks many of the movements rules, including built sets, post-dubbed music and computer graphics. He wanted to make a film that was also a religious film without any miracles
4.
The Hunt for Red October (film)
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The film is based on Tom Clancys 1984 bestselling novel of the same name. An American CIA analyst correctly deduces his motive and must prove his theory to the U. S. Navy before a violent confrontation between the Soviet and the American navies spirals out of control. The film was a co-production between the motion picture studios Paramount Pictures, Mace Neufeld Productions, and Nina Saxon Film Design, theatrically, it was commercially distributed by Paramount Pictures and by the Paramount Home Entertainment division for home media markets. Following its wide release, the film was nominated for and won a number of accolades. On June 12,1990, the soundtrack, composed and conducted by Basil Poledouris, was released by MCA Records. The film was the first in a series involving the fictional character Jack Ryan, played additionally by Harrison Ford, Ben Affleck, Ramius leaves port to conduct exercises with attack submarine V. K. Konovalov, commanded by his former student Captain Tupolev. Once at sea, Ramius secretly kills political officer Ivan Putin, the next morning, CIA analyst and ex-Marine, Jack Ryan, after consulting with Vice Admiral James Greer, briefs United States government officials on Red October and the threat it poses. Officials in the briefing learn that the bulk of the Soviet Navy has been deployed to sink Red October, Ryan, however, hypothesizes that Ramius instead plans to defect, and leaves to rendezvous with the American attack submarine USS Dallas to prove his theory. Meanwhile, Tupolev, though unable to track Red October, guesses his former mentors route, due to the actions of an unknown saboteur, Red Octobers caterpillar drive fails during risky maneuvers through a narrow undersea canyon. Petty Officer Jones, a sonar technician aboard Dallas, has discovered a way to detect Red October using underwater acoustics, Ryan arranges a hazardous mid-ocean rendezvous to board Dallas, where he attempts to persuade its captain, Commander Bart Mancuso, to contact Ramius and determine his intentions. The Soviet Ambassador informs the U. S. that Ramius is a renegade and that order is sent to the U. S. Fleet, including Dallas, which has found the Soviet submarine. Ryan, however, is convinced that Ramius plans to defect with his officers and convinces Mancuso to contact Ramius, Ramius, stunned that the Americans correctly guessed his plan, accepts. He then stages a nuclear emergency, ordering his crew to abandon ship. After a U. S. frigate is spotted, Ramius submerges, meanwhile, Ryan, Mancuso, and Jones come aboard via a rescue sub, at which point Ramius requests asylum in the United States for himself and his officers. Red October is suddenly attacked by Konovalov, which has tracked them across the Atlantic, as the two Soviet subs maneuver, one of Red Octobers cooks, Loginov, an undercover GRU agent and the secret saboteur, opens fire. He fatally wounds first officer Vasily Borodin before retreating to the nuclear missiles bay, pursued by Ryan, Loginov shoots Ramius, wounding him, but Ryan kills Loginov before he can detonate a missile. Meanwhile, Red October makes evasive maneuvers with a provided by Dallas. Ryan and Ramius, their complete, navigate Red October to the Penobscot River in Maine
5.
Good Will Hunting
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Good Will Hunting is a 1997 American drama film, directed by Gus Van Sant, and starring Robin Williams, Matt Damon, Ben Affleck, Minnie Driver and Stellan Skarsgård. Through his therapy sessions, Will re-evaluates his relationships with his best friend, his girlfriend and himself, facing the significant task of confronting his past, the film received positive reviews and was a financial success. It grossed over US$225 million during its run with only a modest $10 million budget. It was nominated for nine Academy Awards, including the Academy Award for Best Picture, after Williams death in 2014, it was ranked at number 53 in The Hollywood Reporters 100 Favorite Films list. When Professor Gerald Lambeau posts a difficult problem as a challenge for his graduate students, Will solves the problem anonymously. As a challenge to the genius, Lambeau posts an even more difficult problem. Will solves the problem, but then flees the scene when Lambeau catches him, at the bar, Will meets Skylar, a British student about to graduate from Harvard, who plans on attending medical school at Stanford. The next day, as Will and his friends fight a gang at the court, police arrive. Lambeau visits his court appearance and notices Wills intellect in defending himself and he arranges for him to forgo jail time if he agrees to study mathematics under Lambeaus supervision and participate in therapy sessions. Will tentatively agrees, but treats his first few therapists with mockery, in desperation, Lambeau calls on Dr. Sean Maguire, his estranged college roommate, who now teaches psychology at Bunker Hill Community College. Unlike other therapists, Sean actually challenges Wills defense mechanisms, and after a few unproductive sessions, Will begins to open up. Will is particularly struck by Seans story of how he met his wife by giving up his ticket to the game six of the 1975 World Series. Sean neither regrets his decision, nor does he regret the final years of his marriage and this encourages Will to build a relationship with Skylar, though he lies to her about his past and is reluctant to introduce her to his friends or show her his rundown neighborhood. Will also challenges Sean to take a look at his own life. Skylar asks Will to move to California with her, but he refuses and tells her he is an orphan, will breaks up with Skylar and later storms out on Lambeau, dismissing the mathematical research he has been doing. Sean points out that Will is so adept at anticipating future failure in his relationships that he deliberately sabotages them in order to avoid emotional pain. Chuckie tells Will that he disapproves of Will laying bricks for a living like the rest of his friends, will walks in on a heated argument between Sean and Lambeau over his potential. Sean and Will share and find out that they were victims of child abuse
6.
Bootstrap Bill Turner
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This is a list of characters appearing in the Pirates of the Caribbean film series. Captain Jack Sparrow is the protagonist of the series, portrayed by Johnny Depp. First introduced in the film Pirates of the Caribbean, The Curse of the Black Pearl, he appears in the sequels Dead Mans Chest, At Worlds End, On Stranger Tides. Depp based his characterization on The Rolling Stones guitarist Keith Richards and he insists on being introduced as Captain Jack Sparrow. In the first film, Sparrow is the captain of the Black Pearl. After a mutiny by his first mate Hector Barbossa, he is left to die on an island, though Barbossa and his crew are immortal as a result of a curse, Sparrow craves revenge. With the help of Will Turner and Elizabeth Swann, he lifts the curse, in Dead Mans Chest, it is revealed that Sparrow once made a deal with Davy Jones. Jones raised the Black Pearl from the sea in exchange for a guarantee of service as a crewman on the Flying Dutchman, when Jones attempts to collect on the bargain, Sparrow flees. He attempts to find the Dead Mans Chest, which contains Joness heart, at the end of the film, Sparrow is betrayed by Elizabeth Swann and dragged to Davy Joness Locker by the Kraken. In the third film, it is revealed that Sparrow is one of the members of the Brethren Court, Calypso, a sea goddess, needs all nine Pirate Lords to free her from a curse laid upon her by the original Brethren Court. She resurrects Barbossa, who is one of the Pirate Lords. Through a complex series of negotiations and betrayals, Jack schemes to kill Davy Jones, after Will Turner is mortally wounded, Sparrow allows him to kill Jones, thus sacrificing his chance at immortality in order to save his friend. At the end of the film, Barbossa once again commandeers the Black Pearl, in the fourth film, Jack seeks out the Fountain of Youth and becomes reacquainted with his love interest Angelica. She takes him aboard the Queen Annes Revenge, captained by Blackbeard, Barbossa, who has lost both his leg and the Pearl to Blackbeard, works with Jack to reach the Fountain. Though the Fountain is destroyed before he can achieve immortality, Jack kills Blackbeard by tricking him into sacrificing his life as part of the Fountains magical ritual. Jack will appear in Dead Men Tell No Tales, where he will be pursued by Armando Salazar, Sparrow is seeking the Trident of Poseidon, which gives its wielder control of the seas. The character has appeared in numerous video games, such as The Legend of Jack Sparrow. Elizabeth Swann appears in the first three films in the series and is the lady of the series, portrayed by Keira Knightley
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Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest
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Pirates of the Caribbean, Dead Mans Chest is a 2006 American fantasy swashbuckler film and the second installment of the Pirates of the Caribbean film series, following The Curse of the Black Pearl. It was directed by Gore Verbinski, written by Ted Elliott and Terry Rossio, Sparrow discovers his debt to Davy Jones is due. Two sequels to Pirates of the Caribbean, The Curse of the Black Pearl were conceived in 2004, with Elliott and Rossio developing a story arc that would span both films. Filming took place from February to September 2005 in Palos Verdes, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Dominica and it was shot back-to-back with the third film of the series, Pirates of the Caribbean, At Worlds End. Dead Mans Chest was released in the United States on July 7,2006, the film received Academy Award nominations for Best Art Direction, Sound Editing, Sound Mixing, and won the Academy Award for Visual Effects. Norringtons whereabouts are uncertain, as he resigned after his obsessive pursuit of Sparrow resulted in the Navys flagship, HMS Dauntless, Elizabeth is imprisoned and Jack reunites with Will’s father Bootstrap Bill, on the Black Pearl. Bootstrap reveals he is a crewman on the Flying Dutchman, captained by Davy Jones, Jack must join Jones crew or be dragged to Davy Jones Locker by the monstrous Kraken. Beckett promises to free Elizabeth if Will tracks down Jack and brings Beckett Jacks magic compass which points to whatever the holder wants most, will eventually finds Jacks crew on an island ruled by cannibals, who worship Jack as a god, from which they escape. Shortly after, Governor Swann tries to escape Port Royal with Elizabeth but is captured, Elizabeth negotiates with Beckett to let her escape to find the compass herself, and she hides aboard a Scottish merchant vessel, the Edinburgh Trader. The pirates meet voodoo priestess Tia Dalma, who tells them Jones’ weakness is his heart, locating the Dutchman, Will is shanghaied into service while Jones sends Jack to bring him one-hundred souls so his blood debt can be paid. On the Dutchman, Will meets his father, and learns that the key is in Jones possession. After playing a game of liars dice against Davy Jones, Bootstrap helps Will escape with the key, in Tortuga, Jack hires a new crew, including Elizabeth, and Norrington, now a drunk. In the chaos, Jack obtains Jones heart and hides it in a jar of dirt, Jack manages to break free, but is dragged with the Pearl down to the bottom of the sea by the Kraken. Jones discovers that his heart was stolen and lost. The Pearl’s crew take shelter with Tia Dalma, where they all agree to rescue Jack, Tia Dalma introduces the captain that will guide them, the resurrected Captain Barbossa. In a post-credits scene, the tribe now worships a dog in replacement of Jack. They wanted to explore the reality of what would happen after Will Turner and Elizabeth Swanns embrace at the end of the first film and they settled on introducing Davy Jones, the Flying Dutchman and the Kraken. They also introduced the historical East India Trading Company, who for them represented a counterpoint to the themes of freedom represented by pirates
8.
Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End
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Pirates of the Caribbean, At Worlds End is a 2007 American epic fantasy swashbuckler film and the third installment of the Pirates of the Caribbean film series. It is the last film in the series to be directed by Gore Verbinski and it was filmed in two shoots during 2005 and 2006, the former simultaneously with the preceding film, Dead Mans Chest. The film was released in English-speaking countries on May 25,2007, the film was praised for its performances, musical score, action scenes, and special effects, but was criticized for its plot and running time. At Worlds End was a box office hit, becoming the most successful film of 2007, with over $960 million worldwide. It was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Makeup and Hairstyling and the Academy Award for Best Visual Effects, which it lost to La Vie en Rose and The Golden Compass, respectively. A fourth installment, On Stranger Tides, the first in the series to neither be directed by Verbinski nor star Bloom and Knightley, was released in cinemas on May 20,2011. With a production budget of $300 million, Pirates of the Caribbean, At Worlds End was the most expensive ever made at the time of its release. To control the oceans, Lord Cutler Beckett executes anyone associated with piracy by ordering Davy Jones to destroy all pirate ships in the seas, condemned prisoners sing Hoist the Colours to compel the nine Pirate Lords to convene at Shipwreck Cove to hold the Brethren Court. Traveling to Singapore, the crew meet Captain Sao Feng, who owns navigational charts to the Locker, Becketts soldiers invade, but the crew escape. Feng and Turner make a deal to give Jack to Feng, the crew travels to the locker and rescues the marooned Jack. They find themselves trapped, encountering dead souls, including Elizabeths father Governor Swann and they learn the Dutchman must always have a captain. Returning to the world, the Pearl is attacked by Sao Feng. Sao Feng tells Elizabeth that the first Brethren Court bound Calypso in human form after she betrayed her lover and he plans to release her to defeat Beckett. Davy Jones attacks Fengs ship, but Feng appoints Elizabeth his successor as Pirate Lord before dying, admiral Norrington frees Elizabeth and her new crew from the Dutchman, but is killed by a crazed Bootstrap Bill. The Black Pearl arrives at Shipwreck Cove where Barbossa attempts to persuade the Brethren Court to release Calypso, Davy Jones visits Tia Dalma in the Pearls brig, revealing she is Calypso, and they promise to be together again. Jacks father Captain Teague and Keeper of the Pirate Code, informs the Court that only an elected Pirate King can decide, to avoid a stalemate, Jack casts his vote for Elizabeth, making her King. The Brethren Court and Becketts fleets emerge for war, Barbossa frees Calypso, but when Will reveals it was Jones who made it possible for the first Court to imprison her, Calypso vanishes and summons an enormous maelstrom. The Pearl and the Dutchman battle in the maelstrom, Elizabeth and Will are wed by Barbossa before swinging over to the Dutchman to aid Jack
9.
Mamma Mia! (film)
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Meryl Streep heads the cast, playing the role of single mother Donna Sheridan. Pierce Brosnan, Colin Firth, and Stellan Skarsgård play the three possible fathers to Donnas daughter, Sophie, Mamma Mia. received mixed reviews from critics and earned $609.8 million on a $52 million budget. On a Greek island called Kalokairi, bride-to-be Sophie Sheridan posts three wedding invitations to different men, Sophies bridesmaids, Ali and Lisa, arrive. Sophie reveals that she found her mothers diary and has three fathers, Irish-American architect Sam Carmichael, Swedish adventurer and writer Bill Anderson. As Sophie wants her father to give her away, she invited them without telling her mother, Donna shows off the villa to Rosie and Tanya. The three men arrive and Sophie smuggles them to their room and explains that she sent the invitations and she begs them to hide so Donna will have a surprise at the wedding, seeing the old friends of whom she so often favourably speaks. They overhear Donna working and swear not to reveal her secret, Donna spies them and is dumbfounded to find herself facing former lovers, and demands that they leave. She confides in Tanya and Rosie that she is uncertain which of the men is Sophies father, Tanya and Rosie rally her spirits by getting her to dance with the female staff and islanders. Sophie finds the men aboard Bills yacht, and they sail around Kalokairi, Sophie plans to tell her fiancé Sky about her ploy, but loses her nerve. Sky and Sophie sing to each other, but Sky is nabbed for his bachelor party, at Sophies bachelorette party, Donna, Tanya, and Rosie perform as Donna and The Dynamos. The festivities are interrupted by the arrival of Sam, Bill, Sophie decides to talk with each of her prospective fathers alone. While her girlfriends dance with the men, Sophie learns from Bill that Donna received the money to invest in her villa from his great-aunt Sofia, Sophie guesses she must be Sofias namesake and Bill is her father. She asks him to give her away and keep their secret from Donna until the wedding, Sophies happiness is short-lived as Sam and Harry each tell her they must be her father and will give her away. Sophie cannot tell them the truth and, overwhelmed by the consequences of her actions, in the morning, Rosie and Tanya assure Donna they will take care of the men. Bill and Harry are about to confide in each other, but are interrupted by Rosie, Donna confronts Sophie, believing Sophie wants the wedding stopped. Sophie says that all she wants is to avoid her mothers mistakes, Sam accosts Donna, concerned about Sophie getting married so young. Donna confronts him and they realize they still have feelings for each other, Tanya and young Pepper continue their flirtations from the previous night. Sophie confesses to Sky and asks for his help and he reacts angrily to Sophies deception and she turns to her mother for support
10.
Angels & Demons (film)
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Angels & Demons is a 2009 American mystery thriller film directed by Ron Howard and written by Akiva Goldsman and David Koepp, based on Dan Browns novel of the same name. It is the sequel to the 2006 film The Da Vinci Code, also directed by Howard, the novel was published first and The Da Vinci Code novel followed it. Filming took place in Rome, Italy, and the Sony Pictures Studios in Culver City, tom Hanks reprises his role as Professor Robert Langdon. Producer Brian Grazer, composer Hans Zimmer and screenwriter Akiva Goldsman also return, the film grossed $485 million worldwide. A sequel, titled Inferno, was released on October 28,2016, almost immediately, Father Silvano is killed and one of the vials of antimatter goes missing. At the same time, the Roman Catholic Church is mourning the death of Pope Pius XVI in Rome. The Camerlengo, Father Patrick McKenna, assumes control of the Vatican. Before the conclave enters seclusion, four of the preferiti are kidnapped by a man claiming to represent the Illuminati. In a video message, he threatens to one candidate every hour starting at 8pm and to destroy all of Vatican City at midnight. The Vatican summons symbologist Robert Langdon from Harvard University and Vetra to help save the four preferiti. Over the objections of Commander Maximilian Richter, head of the Swiss Guard and he examines Galileo Galileis banned book with Vetra. There they find Cardinal Ebner dead, suffocated with soil and branded with an ambigrammatic word Earth and they verify the second location is the crowded Saint Peters Square and arrive just as a bloody Cardinal Lamassé emerges with his chest branded with Air. Vetra unsuccessfully attempts to perform CPR on him, only to discover his lungs had been punctured, a gunfight erupts between the assassin and the officers, with Olivetti and Vincenzi being killed in the process. Langdon manages to escape, but not before being spotted by the assassin, Langdon convinces two Carabinieri officers to take him to the next location and the trio race to the Water altar, the Fountain of the Four Rivers, just as the assassin arrives in a van. The assassin murders the officers and drops a bound and weighted Cardinal Baggia into the fountain before bidding farewell to Langdon, with the help of bystanders, Langdon rescues the cardinal, who tells him the Illuminatis lair is Castel SantAngelo. There, Langdon and Vetra discover a hidden passageway leading to the Vatican, discovering a case with marks for five branding irons, they realize the fifth brand is for the Camerlengo but are confronted by the assassin before they can alert McKenna. The assassin spares their lives once more, stating killing them is not a part of his mission unless they pursue him and he then cryptically warns them to be careful as his contractors are men of God before departing. He escapes to a car left for him by his contractor, Langdon and Vetra rush back to the Vatican where they find Commander Richter hovering over McKenna with a gun, the Vatican symbol branded into McKennas chest
11.
The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2011 film)
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The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo is a 2011 Swedish-American psychological thriller film based on the novel of the same name by Stieg Larsson. This film adaptation was directed by David Fincher and written by Steven Zaillian, starring Daniel Craig and Rooney Mara, it tells the story of journalist Mikael Blomkvist s investigation to find out what happened to a woman from a wealthy family who disappeared 40 years prior. He recruits the help of computer hacker Lisbeth Salander, Sony Pictures Entertainment began development on the film in 2009. It took the company a few months to obtain the rights to the novel, while recruiting Zaillian, the casting process for the lead roles was exhaustive and intense, Craig faced scheduling conflicts, and a number of actresses were sought for the role of Lisbeth Salander. The script took six months to write, which included three months of analyzing the novel. Pre-release screenings occurred in London, New York City, and Stockholm, Critics gave the film favorable reviews, praising its bleak tone and lauding Mara and Craigs performances. With a production budget of $90 million, the film grossed $232.6 million over its theatrical run. In addition to being included in several publications best-of lists, the film was a candidate for numerous awards, in Stockholm, Sweden, journalist Mikael Blomkvist, co-owner of Millennium magazine, has lost a libel case brought against him by businessman Hans-Erik Wennerström. Lisbeth Salander, a brilliant but troubled investigator and hacker, compiles an extensive background check on Blomkvist for business magnate Henrik Vanger, who has a special task for him. In exchange for the promise of damning information about Wennerström, Blomkvist agrees to investigate the disappearance and assumed murder of Henriks grandniece, after moving to the Vanger familys compound, Blomkvist uncovers a notebook containing a list of names and numbers that no one has been able to decipher. Salander, who is under legal guardianship due to diagnosed mental incompetency, is appointed a new guardian, lawyer Nils Bjurman. Bjurman, a sexual sadist, abuses his authority to extort sexual favors from Salander and violently rapes her, not realizing she has a hidden video camera on her bag. At their next meeting she stuns him with a gun, rapes him with a dildo. Threatening to disclose the video recording, she blackmails him into writing a glowing progress report, Blomkvists daughter Pernilla visits him and notes that the numbers from the notebook are Bible references. Blomkvist tells Vangers lawyer, Dirch Frode, that he help with his research. Blomkvist hires Salander to investigate the notebooks content and she uncovers a connection to a series of murders of young women from 1947 through 1967, with the women either being Jewish or having Biblical names, many of the Vangers are known antisemites. During the investigation, Salander and Blomkvist become lovers, Henriks openly national socialist brother Harald identifies Martin, Harriets brother and operational head of the Vanger empire, and Blomkvist marks Martin as a possible suspect. Salanders research uncovers evidence that Martin and his father, Gottfried, committed the murders
12.
Erik Selvig
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Erik Selvig is a character portrayed by Stellan Skarsgård in the films of the Marvel Cinematic Universe. An astrophysicist who becomes involved with the alien Thor and the government organization S. H. I. E. L. D and he first appeared in the 2011 film Thor. Skarsgård went on to reprise the role in The Avengers, Thor, The Dark World, to tie into these appearances, the character is seen in several MCU tie-in comics. The character also appears in other media, including comics published by Marvel Comics. In Thor, astrophysicist Erik Selvig works with Jane Foster, the daughter of a colleague of his. They become involved in an encounter between Thor and S. H. I. E. L. D, leading to his employment by the latter to study the Tesseract—he accepts the job due to influence by Loki. In The Avengers, Loki uses the Tesseract to travel to Earth, Selvig is eventually freed of this control and able to help stop Lokis invasion of Earth, but is left near insane by his experience. Selvig is able to help Thor again in Thor, The Dark World, after the defeat of Ultron, Selvig begins working for the Avengers. Selvig appears in the MCU tie-in comics The Avengers Prelude, Furys Big Week and Thor, in October 2009, Stellan Skarsgård joined the cast of Thor, which was written by Ashley Edward Miller, Zack Stentz, and Don Payne, Skarsgård signed a five-film deal with Marvel. His character Erik Selvig appears in the scene at the end of Thor. This set up Selvigs role in that film, in the video game Lego Marvel Super Heroes, Selvig is mentioned by S. H. I. E. L. D. Deputy Director Maria Hill in the prelude to a level within the game. Dr. Selvig appears as a character in the 2016 video game Lego Marvels Avengers. Storyline that ran in the books published by Marvel Comics. He is a Danish doctor and undercover Hydra Agent within S. H. I. E. L. D, who is positioned in the gated community of Pleasant Hill. He and Baron Zemo are teleported to the Himalayas by Kobik
13.
Marvel Cinematic Universe
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The franchise has expanded to include comic books, short films, television series and digital series. The shared universe, much like the original Marvel Universe in comic books, was established by crossing over common plot elements, settings, cast, clark Gregg has appeared the most in the franchise, portraying Phil Coulson, a character original to the MCU. The first film released in the MCU was Iron Man, which began the first phase of films culminating in the crossover film Marvels The Avengers, Phase Two began with Iron Man 3, and concluded with Ant-Man. The films are currently in Phase Three, which began with the release of Captain America, Marvel Television expanded the universe further, first to network television with Marvels Agents of S. H. I. E. L. D. Marvel Television has also produced the digital series Marvels Agents of S. H. I. E. L. D, slingshot, which is a supplement to Agents of S. H. I. E. L. D. Soundtrack albums have been released for all of the films, along many of television series. It has inspired film and television studios with comic book character adaptation rights to attempt to create similar shared universes. By 2005, Marvel Entertainment began planning to produce its own films. Previously, Marvel had co-produced several superhero films with Columbia Pictures, New Line Cinema and others, Marvel made relatively little profit from its licensing deals with other studios and wanted to get more money out of its films while maintaining artistic control of the projects and distribution. Avi Arad, head of Marvels film division, was pleased with Sam Raimis Spider-Man films at Sony, as a result, they decided to form Marvel Studios, Hollywoods first major independent movie studio since DreamWorks. Feige, a self-professed fanboy, envisioned creating a shared universe just as creators Stan Lee, to raise capital, the studio secured funding from a seven-year, $525 million revolving credit facility with Merrill Lynch. Marvels plan was to release films for their main characters. Arad, who doubted the strategy yet insisted that it was his reputation that helped secure the initial financing, in 2007, at 33 years old, Feige was named studio chief. Feige initially referred to the narrative continuity of these films as the Marvel Cinema Universe. Marvel has designated the Marvel Cinematic Universe as Earth-199999 within the continuity of the companys multiverse, while not always the case, as evident by the 2013 releases of Iron Man 3 and Thor, The Dark World, he said it is certainly something to aim for. Feige expanded on this in July 2014, saying, I dont know that well keep to every year, wed rather find a way to keep that going. After the titles were revealed in October 2014, Feige said, which made us comfortable for the first time. To increase to three films a year instead of just two, without changing our methods, just like comic readers have been doing for decades and decades
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Thor (film)
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Thor is a 2011 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name, produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Paramount Pictures. It is the film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe. The film sees Thor, the prince of Asgard, banished to Earth. As his brother, Loki, plots to take the throne for himself, Thor must prove himself worthy, sam Raimi first developed the concept of a film adaptation of Thor in 1991, but soon abandoned the project, leaving it in development hell for several years. Matthew Vaughn was originally assigned to direct the film for a tentative 2010 release, however, after Vaughn was released from his holding deal in 2008, Branagh was approached and the films release was rescheduled into 2011. The main characters were cast in 2009, and principal photography took place in California, the film was converted to 3D in post-production. Thor premiered on April 17,2011, in Sydney, Australia and was released on May 6,2011, the film was a financial success and received positive reviews from film critics. The DVD and Blu-ray sets were released on September 13,2011, a sequel, Thor, The Dark World, was released on November 8,2013. A third film, Thor, Ragnarok is set to be released on November 3,2017. In 965 AD, Odin, king of Asgard, wages war against the Frost Giants of Jotunheim and their leader Laufey, to prevent them from conquering the nine realms, starting with Earth. The Asgardian warriors defeat the Frost Giants and seize the source of their power, in the present, Odins son Thor prepares to ascend to the throne of Asgard, but is interrupted when Frost Giants attempt to retrieve the Casket. Against Odins order, Thor travels to Jotunheim to confront Laufey, accompanied by his brother Loki, childhood friend Sif and the Warriors Three, Volstagg, Fandral, a battle ensues until Odin intervenes to save the Asgardians, destroying the fragile truce between the two races. Thor lands in New Mexico, where astrophysicist Dr. Jane Foster, her assistant Darcy Lewis, the local populace finds Mjolnir, which S. H. I. E. L. D. Agent Phil Coulson soon commandeers before forcibly acquiring Janes data about the wormhole that delivered Thor to Earth, Thor, having discovered Mjolnirs nearby location, seeks to retrieve it from the facility that S. H. I. E. L. D. Quickly constructed but he finds himself unable to lift it, and is captured, with Selvigs help, he is freed and resigns himself to exile on Earth as he develops a romance with Jane. Loki discovers that he is actually Laufeys son, adopted by Odin after the war ended, a weary Odin falls into the deep Odinsleep to recover his strength. Loki seizes the throne in Odins stead and offers Laufey the chance to kill Odin, aware of their plan, Loki sends the Destroyer, a seemingly indestructible automaton, to pursue them and kill Thor. The warriors find Thor, but the Destroyer attacks and defeats them, struck by the Destroyer and near death, Thors sacrifice proves him worthy to wield Mjolnir
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The Avengers (2012 film)
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In the film, Nick Fury, director of the peacekeeping organization S. H. I. E. L. D. Recruits Iron Man, Captain America, the Hulk, and Thor to form a team that must stop Thors brother Loki from subjugating Earth, the films development began when Marvel Studios received a loan from Merrill Lynch in April 2005. After the success of the film Iron Man in May 2008, with the signing of Johansson in March 2009, the film was pushed back for a 2012 release. Whedon was brought on board in April 2010 and rewrote the screenplay by Zak Penn. Production began in April 2011 in Albuquerque, New Mexico, before moving to Cleveland, Ohio, in August, the film was converted to 3D in post-production. The Avengers premiered on April 11,2012, at Hollywoods El Capitan Theatre and was released theatrically in the United States on May 4,2012. The film received reviews from critics, as well as numerous awards and nominations including Academy Award. It has set or tied numerous box office records, including the biggest opening weekend in North America, the Avengers grossed over $1.5 billion worldwide, and became the third-highest-grossing film during its theatrical run—as well as the first Marvel production to generate $1 billion in ticket sales. The film was released on Blu-ray Disc and DVD on September 25,2012, the Asgardian Loki encounters the Other, the leader of an extraterrestrial race known as the Chitauri. In exchange for retrieving the Tesseract,2 a powerful source of unknown potential. Agent Phil Coulson explains that the object has begun radiating an unusual form of energy, the Tesseract suddenly activates and opens a wormhole, allowing Loki to reach Earth. Loki takes the Tesseract and uses his scepter to enslave Selvig, in response to the attack, Fury reactivates the Avengers Initiative. Agent Natasha Romanoff is sent to Calcutta to recruit Dr. Bruce Banner to trace the Tesseract through its gamma radiation emissions, Coulson visits Tony Stark to have him review Selvigs research, and Fury approaches Steve Rogers with an assignment to retrieve the Tesseract. While Loki is being escorted to S. H. I. E. L. D, Thor, his adoptive brother, arrives and frees him, hoping to convince him to abandon his plan and return to Asgard. After a confrontation with Stark and Rogers, Thor agrees to take Loki to S. H. I. E. L. D. s flying aircraft carrier, there Loki is imprisoned while Banner and Stark attempt to locate the Tesseract. The Avengers become divided, both over how to approach Loki and the revelation that S. H. I. E. L. D, plans to harness the Tesseract to develop weapons as a deterrent against hostile extraterrestrials. As the group argues, Barton and Lokis other possessed agents attack the Helicarrier, disabling its engines in flight, Stark and Rogers try to restart the damaged engine, and Thor attempts to stop the Hulks rampage. Romanoff fights Barton, and knocks him unconscious, breaking Lokis mind control, Loki escapes after killing Coulson and ejecting Thor from the airship, while the Hulk falls to the ground after attacking a S. H. I. E. L. D
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Thor: The Dark World
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Thor, The Dark World is a 2013 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character Thor, produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures. It is the sequel to 2011s Thor and the film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe. The film was directed by Alan Taylor, with a screenplay by Christopher Yost, in Thor, The Dark World, Thor teams up with Loki to save the Nine Realms from the Dark Elves led by the vengeful Malekith, who intends to plunge the universe into darkness. Development of Thor, The Dark World began in April 2011, in July 2011, Kenneth Branagh, the director of Thor, withdrew from the project. Brian Kirk and Patty Jenkins were considered to direct the film before Taylor was hired in January 2012, the supporting cast filled out in August 2012, with the hiring of Eccleston, Dennings, and Akinnuoye-Agbaje. Principal photography began in September 2012 in Surrey, England with filming continuing in Iceland and London, Thor, The Dark World was converted to 3D in post-production. Thor, The Dark World premiered at the Odeon Leicester Square in London on October 22,2013 and it was released internationally on October 30,2013, and on November 8,2013, in the United States. The film received mixed reviews, but was a commercial success, a third film, Thor, Ragnarok, is set for release on November 3,2017. Eons ago, Bor, father of Odin, clashes with the Dark Elf Malekith, after conquering Malekiths forces, including enhanced warriors called the Kursed, on their home world of Svartalfheim, Bor safeguards the Aether within a stone column. Unbeknownst to Bor, Malekith, his lieutenant Algrim, and a handful of Dark Elves escape into suspended animation. In London, astrophysicist Dr. Jane Foster and her intern Darcy Lewis travel to a factory where such portals have appeared. Separating from the group, Jane is teleported to another world, Heimdall alerts Thor that Jane has moved beyond his near all-seeing vision, leading Thor to Earth. When Thor finds Jane, she releases an unearthly force. Odin, recognizing the Aether, warns that the Aether will not only kill Jane, Malekith, awakened by the Aethers release, turns Algrim into a Kursed and attacks Asgard. During the battle, Malekith and Algrim search for Jane, sensing that she contains the Aether, Thors mother Frigga is killed protecting Jane, and Malekith and Algrim are forced to flee without Jane. In return, Thor promises Loki vengeance on Malekith for killing their mother, with Volstagg and Sif stalling Asgardian soldiers and Fandral assisting their escape, Thor, Loki, and Jane head to Svartalfheim. There, Loki tricks Malekith into drawing the Aether out of Jane, Malekith merges with the Aether and leaves in his ship as Loki is fatally wounded while killing Algrim. Thor, cradling Loki in his arms, promises to tell their father of his sacrifice and they learn that Malekith plans to restore the Dark Elves to dominance by unleashing the Aether at the center of the Convergence in Greenwich
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Avengers: Age of Ultron
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Avengers, Age of Ultron is a 2015 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics superhero team the Avengers, produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures. It is the sequel to 2012s The Avengers and the film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe. The film was written and directed by Joss Whedon and features an ensemble cast that includes Robert Downey Jr. Jackson, in Avengers, Age of Ultron, the Avengers fight Ultron, an artificial intelligence obsessed with causing human extinction. The sequel was announced in May 2012, after the release of The Avengers. Whedon, the director of the first film, was back on board in August. By April 2013, Whedon had completed a draft of the script, second unit filming began in February 2014 in South Africa with principal photography taking place between March and August 2014. The film was shot at Shepperton Studios in Surrey, England, with additional footage filmed in Italy, South Korea, Bangladesh, New York City. While in post production, the film was converted to 3D, Avengers, Age of Ultron premiered in Los Angeles on April 13,2015, and was released on May 1,2015, in North America, in 3D and IMAX 3D. The film received reviews from critics and grossed over $1.4 billion worldwide, making it the seventh-highest-grossing film in history. A sequel, Avengers, Infinity War, is scheduled to be released on May 4,2018, Stark and Banner discover an artificial intelligence within the scepters gem, and secretly use it to complete Starks Ultron global defense program. The unexpectedly sentient Ultron, believing he must eradicate humanity to save Earth, J. A. R. V. I. S. and attacks the Avengers at their headquarters. Escaping with the scepter, Ultron uses the resources in Struckers Sokovia base to upgrade his rudimentary body and build an army of robot drones. Having killed Strucker, he recruits the Maximoffs, who hold Stark responsible for their parents deaths by his weapons, and go to the base of arms dealer Ulysses Klaue to obtain Wakandan vibranium. Thor departs to consult with Dr. Erik Selvig on the meaning of the future he saw in his hallucination, while Romanoff. However, Nick Fury arrives and encourages the team to form a plan to stop Ultron, in Seoul, Ultron forces the teams friend Dr. Helen Cho to use her synthetic-tissue technology, together with vibranium and the scepters gem, to perfect a new body for him. As Ultron uploads himself into the body, Wanda is able to read his mind, discovering his plan for human extinction, Rogers, Romanoff, and Barton find Ultron and retrieve the synthetic body, but Ultron captures Romanoff. The Avengers fight amongst themselves when Stark secretly uploads J. A. R. V. I. S, – who is still operational after hiding from Ultron inside the Internet – into the synthetic body. Thor returns to help activate the body, explaining that the gem on its brow – one of the six Infinity Stones, Banner rescues Romanoff, who awakens the Hulk for the battle
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Cinderella (2015 Disney film)
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Cinderella is a 2015 American romantic fantasy film directed by Kenneth Branagh, with a screenplay written by Chris Weitz. The film is based on the folk tale and inspired in part by Walt Disneys 1950 animated film. The film stars Lily James as the character with Richard Madden, Cate Blanchett, Stellan Skarsgård, Holliday Grainger, Derek Jacobi. It is produced by David Barron, Simon Kinberg and Allison Shearmur for Walt Disney Pictures, Cinderella had its world premiere on February 13,2015, at the 65th Berlin International Film Festival and was released in theaters on March 13,2015. It grossed over $543 million worldwide, becoming Branaghs highest-grossing film to date, the film received an Academy Award nomination for Best Costume Design at the 88th Academy Awards. Ella is born to loving parents on an estate in a peaceful kingdom. Since childhood, she is taught by her mother to believe in magic, encouraging her to befriend animals, One day, Ellas mother falls terminally ill. On her deathbed, she advises Ella to always face lifes difficulties with courage, some years later, Ellas father remarries again with Lady Tremaine, a widow, who has two daughters of her own, Drisella and Anastasia. When Ellas father goes abroad for business, Lady Tremaine slowly reveals her cruel, Ellas life takes a turn for the worst when her father dies, causing Lady Tremaine to dismiss the household to save money and forcing all the chores on Ella. They abuse her further, not letting her eat properly, crushed by their cruelty, Ella rides off into the woods, where she meets Kit, who is part of a hunting party. Not knowing Kit is actually the prince to the kingdom, Ella admonishes him for hunting a stag. Kit is enchanted by Ellas kindness and outlook on life, the King, upon learning he has little time left, insists Kit take a bride, who should be a princess for the advantage of the kingdom. Kit persuades his father to invite every eligible maiden in the land to the ball in hopes of seeing Ella. When the ball is announced, the Tremaines are ecstatic at the prospect of marrying into royalty, Ella is also excited to attend the ball for the chance to see Kit, and fixes up her mothers old pink dress. On the night of the ball, Ella tries to join her stepfamily, an old beggar woman reveals herself to be Ellas fairy godmother. To help Ella attend the ball, the fairy godmother magically conjures a carriage and she casts a spell to prevent Ellas stepfamily from recognizing her, but warns that the magic will break at midnight. At the ball, Ella wins the coveted first dance with Kit, Kit shows Ella his secret garden. When midnight approaches, Ella flees and accidentally drops one of her glass slippers, at home, Ella hides the one glass slipper she has as a keepsake, content that her one night will become a beautiful memory
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Helsingborg
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Helsingborg is a town and the seat of Helsingborg Municipality, Scania, Sweden. It had 132,989 inhabitants in 2013, Helsingborg is the centre of the northern part of western Scania. This makes Helsingborg the fourth largest population area in Sweden, the city is also Swedens closest point to Denmark, with the Danish city Helsingør clearly visible on the other side of the Øresund about 4 km to the west, closer than to the citys own remoter areas. If including all population around the part of Øresund, as a Helsingborg-Helsingør metropolitan area. The busy ferry route, known as the HH Ferry route has through history been operated by shipping lines. As of 2014 more than 70 car ferries departures from each harbour every day, following the Swedish orthography reform of 1906 many place names in Sweden got a modernized spelling. In 1912 it was decided to use the form Hälsingborg, in preparation for the local government reform 1971 the Hälsingborg city council proposed that the new, enlarged municipality should be spelled with an e. This was also the decision of the Government of Sweden, effective from 1 January 1971, historic Helsingborg, with its many old buildings, is a scenic coastal city. The buildings are a blend of old-style stone-built churches and a 600-year-old medieval fortress in the city centre, the streets vary from wide avenues to small alley-ways. Kullagatan, the pedestrian shopping street in the city, was the first pedestrian shopping street in Sweden. Helsingborg is one of the oldest cities of what is now Sweden and it has been the site of permanent settlement officially since 21 May 1085. Helsingborgs geographical position at the narrowest part of Øresund made it important for Denmark. From 1429 Eric of Pomerania introduced the Øresundstolden, a levy on all trading vessels passing through the sound between Elsinore and Helsingborg and this was one of the main incomes for the Danish Crown. Crossing traffic, like fishermen, was not subject to the tax, the Sound Dues primarily made Helsingør flourish, but quite a bit spilled over to Helsingborg. Evidence of this is William Shakespeares masterpiece Hamlet, which unfolda at Kronborg, and the Prince of Denmark may well have hidden himself from his evil uncle in Helsingborg. In any case, the Renaissance was a period for the Kingdom of Denmark. But towards the middle of the 17th Century, dark clouds appeared from the North, following the Dano-Swedish War and the Treaty of Roskilde Denmark had to give up all territory on the southern Scandinavian peninsula, and Helsingborg became submitted to new rulers. King Charles X Gustav of Sweden landed here on 5 March 1658 to take possession of the Scanian lands and was met by a delegation led by the bishop of the Diocese of Lund
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