Stephen Pearl Andrews
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Stephen Pearl Andrews was an American libertarian socialist, individualist anarchist, linguist, political philosopher, and outspoken abolitionist.
Stephen Pearl Andrews
Mutualism (economic theory)
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Mutualism is an anarchist school of thought and economic theory that advocates for workers' control of the means of production, a free market made up of individual artisans, sole proprietorships and w
Stephen Pearl Andrews
…Rudolf Rocker called Andrews a significant exponent of libertarian socialism in the United States. Andrews' individualist anarchism is a form of economic mutualism. In 1835, he married Mary Ann Gordon, with whom he had four children including a son, H. L. Andrews, who married the traveler and writer Lilian Leland…
Josiah Warren, a follower of Owenism that established some of the first experiments in mutualism
Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, the first self-described anarchist and the primary proponent of mutualism
Mikhail Bakunin, the leader of the anti-authoritarian faction of the IWA, who argued that his collectivist anarchism was an extension of Proudhonian mutualism
Benjamin Tucker, whose critique of capitalism's tendency towards monopoly provided a foundation for the development of mutualist alternatives