1.
Boston, Massachusetts
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Boston is the capital and most populous city of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in the United States. Boston is also the seat of Suffolk County, although the county government was disbanded on July 1,1999. The city proper covers 48 square miles with a population of 667,137 in 2015, making it the largest city in New England. Alternately, as a Combined Statistical Area, this wider commuting region is home to some 8.1 million people, One of the oldest cities in the United States, Boston was founded on the Shawmut Peninsula in 1630 by Puritan settlers from England. It was the scene of several key events of the American Revolution, such as the Boston Massacre, the Boston Tea Party, the Battle of Bunker Hill, and the Siege of Boston. Upon U. S. independence from Great Britain, it continued to be an important port and manufacturing hub as well as a center for education, through land reclamation and municipal annexation, Boston has expanded beyond the original peninsula. Its rich history attracts many tourists, with Faneuil Hall alone drawing over 20 million visitors per year, Bostons many firsts include the United States first public school, Boston Latin School, first subway system, the Tremont Street Subway, and first public park, Boston Common. Bostons economic base also includes finance, professional and business services, biotechnology, information technology, the city has one of the highest costs of living in the United States as it has undergone gentrification, though it remains high on world livability rankings. Bostons early European settlers had first called the area Trimountaine but later renamed it Boston after Boston, Lincolnshire, England, the renaming on September 7,1630 was by Puritan colonists from England who had moved over from Charlestown earlier that year in quest of fresh water. Their settlement was limited to the Shawmut Peninsula, at that time surrounded by the Massachusetts Bay and Charles River. The peninsula is thought to have been inhabited as early as 5000 BC, in 1629, the Massachusetts Bay Colonys first governor John Winthrop led the signing of the Cambridge Agreement, a key founding document of the city. Puritan ethics and their focus on education influenced its early history, over the next 130 years, the city participated in four French and Indian Wars, until the British defeated the French and their Indian allies in North America. Boston was the largest town in British America until Philadelphia grew larger in the mid-18th century, Bostons harbor activity was significantly curtailed by the Embargo Act of 1807 and the War of 1812. Foreign trade returned after these hostilities, but Bostons merchants had found alternatives for their investments in the interim. Manufacturing became an important component of the economy, and the citys industrial manufacturing overtook international trade in economic importance by the mid-19th century. Boston remained one of the nations largest manufacturing centers until the early 20th century, a network of small rivers bordering the city and connecting it to the surrounding region facilitated shipment of goods and led to a proliferation of mills and factories. Later, a network of railroads furthered the regions industry. Boston was a port of the Atlantic triangular slave trade in the New England colonies
Boston, Massachusetts
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From top to bottom, left to right: the
Boston skyline viewed from the
Bunker Hill Monument; the
Museum of Fine Arts;
Faneuil Hall;
Massachusetts State House;
The First Church of Christ, Scientist;
Boston Public Library; the
John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum;
South Station;
Boston University and the
Charles River;
Arnold Arboretum;
Fenway Park; and the
Boston Common
Boston, Massachusetts
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State Street, 1801
Boston, Massachusetts
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View of Boston from
Dorchester Heights, 1841
Boston, Massachusetts
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Scollay Square in the 1880s
2.
Middletown Township, New Jersey
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Middletown Township is a township in Monmouth County, New Jersey, United States. Middletown is one of the oldest sites of European settlement in New Jersey, time magazine listed Middletown on its list of Best Places to Live 2014. In 2016, SafeWise named Middletown Township as the fifth-safest city in America to raise a child, small communities of the Lenape Navesink tribe were common throughout the area when the first known European landing in what would become Middletown Township occurred in 1609. While a patroonship was granted by the company in 1651 the land wasnt officially settled, long-standing tradition had Penelope Stout, one of the first settlers, hiding in a tree from hostile Native Americans. During the American Revolutionary War, Middletown and much of the rest of Eastern Monmouth County was held by the British. Middletown Township was originally formed on October 31,1693, and was incorporated as a township by the Township Act of 1798 of the New Jersey Legislature on February 21,1798. Portions of the township were taken to form Atlantic Township, Raritan Township, Atlantic Highlands, Highlands, if Middletown ever had a recognizable town center or town square, it was lost in that rapid growth soon after World War II. In May 1958, several Nike Ajax missiles exploded at Battery NY-53 in Chapel Hill, killing ten Army, the accident was one of the worst missile-related disasters of the Cold War. The Evil Clown of Middletown is a sign along Route 35 painted to resemble a circus clown. The sign is a remnant of an old supermarket that used to be at that location called Food Circus, the Indian Trails 15K road race is held each year in April to benefit the Monmouth Conservation Foundation and includes a 5K walk/run event for fun. The race, run on a combination on paved and dirt roads, according to the United States Census Bureau, the township had a total area of 58.735 square miles, including 40.989 square miles of land and 17.746 square miles of water. Belford, Fairview, Leonardo, Lincroft, Navesink, North Middletown and Port Monmouth are all census-designated places, the Sandy Hook peninsula is also within Middletown Township, though it is not connected to the rest of the township by land. However, one could sail along Raritan Bay from the mainland to Sandy Hook, poricy Creek is locally well known for its deposits of Cretaceous marine fossils, including belemnites. As of the census of 2010, there were 66,522 people,23,962 households, the population density was 1,622.9 per square mile. There were 24,959 housing units at a density of 608.9 per square mile. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5. 37% of the population,20. 3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10. 5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.77 and the family size was 3.22. In the township, the population was out with 24. 4% under the age of 18,7. 0% from 18 to 24,22. 7% from 25 to 44,31. 9% from 45 to 64
Middletown Township, New Jersey
–
Seal
3.
Rock music
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It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, itself heavily influenced by blues, rhythm and blues and country music. Rock music also drew strongly on a number of genres such as electric blues and folk. Musically, rock has centered on the guitar, usually as part of a rock group with electric bass guitar. Typically, rock is song-based music usually with a 4/4 time signature using a verse-chorus form, like pop music, lyrics often stress romantic love but also address a wide variety of other themes that are frequently social or political in emphasis. Punk was an influence into the 1980s on the subsequent development of subgenres, including new wave, post-punk. From the 1990s alternative rock began to rock music and break through into the mainstream in the form of grunge, Britpop. Similarly, 1970s punk culture spawned the visually distinctive goth and emo subcultures and this trio of instruments has often been complemented by the inclusion of other instruments, particularly keyboards such as the piano, Hammond organ and synthesizers. The basic rock instrumentation was adapted from the blues band instrumentation. A group of musicians performing rock music is termed a rock band or rock group, Rock music is traditionally built on a foundation of simple unsyncopated rhythms in a 4/4 meter, with a repetitive snare drum back beat on beats two and four. Melodies are often derived from older musical modes, including the Dorian and Mixolydian, harmonies range from the common triad to parallel fourths and fifths and dissonant harmonic progressions. Critics have stressed the eclecticism and stylistic diversity of rock, because of its complex history and tendency to borrow from other musical and cultural forms, it has been argued that it is impossible to bind rock music to a rigidly delineated musical definition. These themes were inherited from a variety of sources, including the Tin Pan Alley pop tradition, folk music and rhythm, as a result, it has been seen as articulating the concerns of this group in both style and lyrics. Christgau, writing in 1972, said in spite of some exceptions, rock and roll usually implies an identification of male sexuality, according to Simon Frith rock was something more than pop, something more than rock and roll. Rock musicians combined an emphasis on skill and technique with the concept of art as artistic expression, original. The foundations of music are in rock and roll, which originated in the United States during the late 1940s and early 1950s. Its immediate origins lay in a melding of various musical genres of the time, including rhythm and blues and gospel music, with country. In 1951, Cleveland, Ohio disc jockey Alan Freed began playing rhythm and blues music for a multi-racial audience, debate surrounds which record should be considered the first rock and roll record. Other artists with rock and roll hits included Chuck Berry, Bo Diddley, Fats Domino, Little Richard, Jerry Lee Lewis
Rock music
–
Red Hot Chili Peppers in 2006, showing a quartet lineup for a rock band (from left to right: bassist, lead vocalist, drummer, and guitarist).
Rock music
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Elvis Presley in a promotion shot for
Jailhouse Rock in 1957
Rock music
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Chubby Checker in 2005
Rock music
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The Beach Boys performing in 1964
4.
Heartland rock
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Heartland rock is a genre of rock music that is exemplified by the commercial success of singer-songwriters Bruce Springsteen, Bob Seger, Tom Petty, and John Mellencamp. It is also associated with a number of music artists including Steve Earle and Joe Ely. The genre developed in the 1970s and reached its peak in the 1980s. In the 1990s, many established acts faded and the genre began to fragment, the term heartland rock was not coined to describe a clear genre until the 1980s. In terms of style it often uses straightforward rock and roll, sometimes with elements of Americana, lyrics are often presented in a style that is raspy and unpolished, adding a sense of authenticity. Verses often outline narrative stories, particularly of people undergoing hard times and choruses are often anthemic in tone and it is associated with rural and blue-collar values, particularly those of the predominantly white working-class regions of the Midwest and the rust belt. Many major heartland rock artists began their careers in the 1960s, as with Bob Seger, or the 1970s, as with Bruce Springsteen and Tom Petty, Springsteen would be the first artist to bring heartland rock to US and international attention, and its most commercially successful exponent. While Springsteen struggled for three years with legal disputes, other artists in a similar vein came to the fore and these included Bob Seger and the Silver Bullet Band, Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers, Eddie Money, and fellow Jersey Shore residents Southside Johnny and the Asbury Jukes. A number of music artists like Steve Earle and Joe Ely also became associated with the genre. The first significant female artist in the genre was Melissa Etheridge, whose self-titled debut album issued in 1988 drew critical comparisons with Springsteen and their works have become more personal and experimental and no longer fitted easily into a single genre. His 2008 hit All Summer Long was inspired by Segers classic Night Moves as well as Sweet Home Alabama by Lynyrd Skynyrd, american indie rock bands the Killers and the Gaslight Anthem have been associated with the genre. Americana music Country rock Jersey Shore sound Roots rock Southern rock
Heartland rock
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Bruce Springsteen, the most commercially successful act in the genre of heartland rock,
performing in East Berlin in 1988
Heartland rock
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John Mellencamp, shown in 2007, among the most successful of the "second generation" of acts in the genre
Heartland rock
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Melissa Etheridge, the first significant female figure in the genre, performing live in 2010
5.
Mandolin
–
A mandolin is a musical instrument in the lute family and is usually plucked with a plectrum or pick. It commonly has four courses of doubled metal strings tuned in unison, although five, the courses are normally tuned in a succession of perfect fifths. It is the member of a family that includes the mandola, octave mandolin, mandocello. There are many styles of mandolin, but three are common, the Neapolitan or round-backed mandolin, the mandolin and the flat-backed mandolin. The round-back has a bottom, constructed of strips of wood. The carved-top or arch-top mandolin has a shallower, arched back. The flat-backed mandolin uses thin sheets of wood for the body, each style of instrument has its own sound quality and is associated with particular forms of music. Neapolitan mandolins feature prominently in European classical music and traditional music, carved-top instruments are common in American folk music and bluegrass music. Flat-backed instruments are used in Irish, British and Brazilian folk music. Some modern Brazilian instruments feature a fifth course tuned a fifth lower than the standard fourth course. There has also been a type and an instrument with sixteen-strings. Much of mandolin development revolved around the soundboard, pre-mandolin instruments were quiet instruments, strung with as many as six courses of gut strings, and were plucked with the fingers or with a quill. However, modern instruments are louder—using four courses of metal strings, the modern soundboard is designed to withstand the pressure of metal strings that would break earlier instruments. The soundboard comes in many shapes—but generally round or teardrop-shaped, sometimes with scrolls or other projections, there is usually one or more sound holes in the soundboard, either round, oval, or shaped like a calligraphic f. A round or oval sound hole may be covered or bordered with decorative rosettes or purfling, Mandolins evolved from the lute family in Italy during the 17th and 18th centuries, and the deep bowled mandolin, produced particularly in Naples, became common in the 19th century. Dating to around c.13,000 BC, a painting in the Trois Frères cave in France depicts what some believe is a musical bow. From the musical bow, families of stringed instruments developed, since each string played a note, adding strings added new notes, creating bow harps, harps. In turn, this led to being able to play dyads and chords, another innovation occurred when the bow harp was straightened out and a bridge used to lift the strings off the stick-neck, creating the lute
Mandolin
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An American A-style left-handed mandolin, with F-holes
Mandolin
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Modern Neapolitan bowlback mandolin manufactured by the
Calace family workshop.
Mandolin
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Mandolin with six courses of strings (2 strings per course), labeled Milanese at the museum.
Mandolin
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Advertisement for a Lyon and Healy made, Washburn brand mandolin from an 1897 short-stories magazine, The Black Cat.
6.
Columbia Records
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Columbia Records is an American record label owned by Sony Music Entertainment, a subsidiary of Sony Corporation of America, Inc. the United States division of Sony Corporation. It was founded in 1887, evolving from an enterprise named the American Graphophone Company. Columbia is the oldest surviving brand name in the sound business. Columbia Records went on to release records by an array of singers, instrumentalists. It is one of Sony Musics three flagship record labels alongside RCA Records and Epic Records, rather, as above, it was connected to CBS, a broadcasting media company which had purchased the company in 1938, and had been co-founded in 1927 by Columbia Records itself. Though Arista Records was sold to Bertelsmann Music Group, it would become a sister label of Columbia Records through its mutual connection to Sony Music. The Columbia Phonograph Company was founded in 1887 by stenographer, lawyer and New Jersey native Edward Easton and it derived its name from the District of Columbia, where it was headquartered. At first it had a monopoly on sales and service of Edison phonographs and phonograph cylinders in Washington. As was the custom of some of the regional companies, Columbia produced many commercial cylinder recordings of its own. Columbias ties to Edison and the North American Phonograph Company were severed in 1894 with the North American Phonograph Companys breakup, thereafter it sold only records and phonographs of its own manufacture. In 1902, Columbia introduced the XP record, a brown wax record. According to Gracyk, the molded brown waxes may have sold to Sears for distribution. Columbia began selling records and phonographs in addition to the cylinder system in 1901, preceded only by their Toy Graphophone of 1899. For a decade, Columbia competed with both the Edison Phonograph Company cylinders and the Victor Talking Machine Company disc records as one of the top three names in American recorded sound. In order to add prestige to its catalog of artists. The firm also introduced the internal-horn Grafonola to compete with the extremely popular Victrola sold by the rival Victor Talking Machine Company, during this era, Columbia used the famous Magic Notes logo—a pair of sixteenth notes in a circle—both in the United States and overseas. Columbia was split into two companies, one to make records and one to make players, Columbia Phonograph was moved to Connecticut, and Ed Easton went with it. Eventually it was renamed the Dictaphone Corporation, in late 1923, Columbia went into receivership
Columbia Records
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Original home of Columbia in Washington, D.C., in 1889
Columbia Records
Columbia Records
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A Columbia type AT cylinder
graphophone, first released in 1898
Columbia Records
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This article is about the American record label active worldwide except in Japan. For the Columbia label which was a unit of EMI, see
Columbia Graphophone Company. For the Columbia label in Japan, see
Nippon Columbia.
7.
Epic Records
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Epic Records is an American record company owned by Sony Music Entertainment, a subsidiary of Sony Corporation of America, Inc. Epic was founded predominantly as a jazz and classical music label in 1953 and it later expanded its scope to include a more diverse range of musical genres, including pop, R&B, rock and hip hop. Historically, the label has housed popular acts such as Boston, ABBA, Michael Jackson, Celine Dion, Dave Clark Five, Gloria Estefan, Pearl Jam, Shakira, Anastacia, and Sly & the Family Stone. Along with Columbia and RCA Records, Epic is one of Sony Music Entertainments three main record labels, L. A. Reid has served as chairman and CEO of Epic since July 2011. Sylvia Rhone was appointed president in March 2014, Epic Records was launched in 1953 by Columbia Records for the purpose of marketing jazz, pop and classical music that did not fit the theme of its more mainstream Columbia Records label. Initial classical music releases were from Philips Records which distributed Columbia product in Europe, pop talent on co-owned Okeh Records were transferred to Epic which made Okeh a rhythm and blues label. Epics bright-yellow, black, and blue became a familiar trademark for many jazz. By 1960, the musical base had been expanded to include all genres. This was done in part to prevent the roster of Columbia Records from being overstuffed with newer artists, subsequently, Epic became better known for its signing of newer, fledgling acts. By the end of the 1960s, Epic earned its first gold records and had evolved into a formidable hit-making force in rock and roll, R&B and country music. Among its many acts, it included Roy Hamilton, Bobby Vinton, The Dave Clark Five, The Hollies, Tammy Wynette, Donovan, The Yardbirds, Lulu, July, Helen Shapiro and Jeff Beck. Also during the 1960s, Epic oversaw the smaller subsidiary CBS labels including Okeh Records, in 1968, Epic recordings began being distributed in the UK by CBS after the distribution deal with EMI expired that year, Epic itself launched in England around 1971. Epic was involved in a trade of artists. Graham Nash was signed to Epic because of his membership in The Hollies, when the newly formed Crosby, Stills & Nash wanted to sign with Atlantic Records, Ahmet Ertegün worked out a deal with Clive Davis whereby Richie Furays new band Poco would sign with Epic. Also contributing to the success was its distribution of Philadelphia International Records. Sony bought CBS Records in 1987, and the company was renamed Sony Music in 1991. In 2004, Sony merged with another powerhouse music distributor, BMG, bringing labels such as RCA, Arista, Columbia, Epic, Jive, in February 2009, singer and songwriter Amanda Ghost was appointed president of Epic Records. Later in the year, Sony BMG Music merged Epic and Columbias operations, Sony BMGs Legacy Recordings reissues the companys classic and catalog titles
Epic Records
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Classic radial sound sunburst logo, used from the 1960s to 1973, revived in late 1998; used until 2005. Still used on Japanese operations. This logo was used on
Pearl Jam 's
Vitalogy in 1994,
No Code in 1996 and
Yield in February 1998.
Epic Records
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Epic Records
Epic Records
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Primary businesses
8.
Bertelsmann Music Group
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Bertelsmann Music Group was a division of German media company Bertelsmann before its completion of sale of the majority of its assets to Japans Sony Corporation of America on October 1,2008. It was established in 1987 to combine the music activities of Bertelsmann. The joint venture with Sony Music was set up in August 2004 and it reduced the Big Five record companies to the Big Four record companies. At that time, the company had a 21. 5% share in the music market. Sony Music and BMG remained separate in Japan, although BMG Music Japan was wholly owned by Sony BMG. Bertelsmann sold its 50% share of Sony BMG to Sony Corporation of America for a total of $1.5 billion, and it is focused mainly in BMGs European stronghold markets. The basis of the company was formed through BMGs decision to withhold selected European music catalogues from the former Sony BMG joint venture, also kept separate from the acquisition by Sony Corporation of America was Sony BMGs wholly owned and operated BMG Japan. Sony Music Japan remained independent from the Sony BMG joint venture, therefore BMG, during Sony BMGs buyout, BMG Japan was instead picked up by Sony Music Entertainment Japan. It briefly continued to operate as an entity until a reorganization in early 2009 folded the company into Sony Music Japan. Barry Weiss, President and Chief Executive Officer, Zomba Label Group CEO Now part of Sony Music Entertainment after the buyout of Bertelsmann AGs 50% stake in Sony BMG. BMG Music Publishing, which was not part of the Sony BMG merger, was a business of the Bertelsmann Music Group until it was sold to Universal Music Group for €1.63 billion in 2007. Universal then folded the company into Universal Music Publishing Group, the company was headquartered at 245 Fifth Avenue, 8th Floor New York, New York 10016 and had operations in 36 offices in 25 countries. BMG Music publishing controlled over one million copyrights, BMG Music Publishing was the global leader in Classical music and was number one in Contemporary Christian music. Brentwood-Benson Music Publishing is BMG Music Publishings Christian publisher and owns over 60,000 copyrights, BMG Music Publishing and its assets have now been completely absorbed and folded into Universal Music Publishing Group. After Sony bought out Bertelsmanns share in Sony BMG, Bertelsmann was allowed to keep the rights to recordings from the former joint venture. These songs served as the foundation to BMG Rights Management, BMG Rights Management now serves as a division within Bertelsmann and as a replacement to the defunct Bertelsmann Music Group. A settlement in 2002 included the publishers and distributors, Sony Music, Warner Music, Bertelsmann Music Group, EMI Music. In restitution for price fixing they agreed to pay a $67.4 million fine and distribute $75.7 million in CDs to public and non-profit groups and it is estimated customers were overcharged by nearly $500 million and up to $5 per album
Bertelsmann Music Group
–
Primary businesses
Bertelsmann Music Group
9.
Manhattan Records
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Manhattan Records is an American record label, owned by Universal Music Group and operates as a branch of Capitol Music Group. Manhattan Records was formed in 1984 by Bruce Lundvall and was later renamed EMI Manhattan Records after absorbing the EMI America Records imprint, EMI Manhattan was used to reissue back catalogue titles from Capitol Records and other EMI labels such as United Artists Records and Liberty Records. It also distributed new albums from Gamble and Huffs Philadelphia International Records during the half of the 1980s. The deal gave EMI distribution rights to PIRs back catalog from 1976 onward, notable artists signed to EMI Manhattan included Kenny Rogers, Richard Marx, Natalie Cole, Red Hot Chili Peppers, Queensrÿche, and Thomas Dolby. In 1992, EMI Manhattan was dismantled and absorbed into Capitol Records with the bearing the EMI label. In 2001, the Manhattan label was relaunched as a division of EMI Classics by veteran record producer Arif Mardin, Richard Marx, one of its flagship artists during the labels heyday, returned to the label upon its revival. In 2006, EMI reorganized its adult music operations and put the Manhattan label under the aegis of the Blue Note Label Group. As of 2013, following the reorganization of labels as a result of Universal Music Groups acquisition of EMI, Manhattan currently operates under the umbrella of the Capitol Music Group
Manhattan Records
10.
RCA Records
–
RCA Records is an American record label owned by Sony Music Entertainment, a subsidiary of Sony Corporation of America, Inc. It is one of SMEs three flagship labels, alongside Columbia Records and Epic Records. The label has released multiple genres of music, including pop, rock, hip hop, R&B, blues, jazz, the companys name is derived from the initials of the labels former parent company, the Radio Corporation of America. It is the second oldest recording company in US history, after sister label Columbia Records, RCAs Canadian unit is Sonys oldest label in Canada. It was one of only two Canadian record companies to survive the Great Depression, kelly, Enrique Iglesias, Foo Fighters, Kings of Leon, Kesha, Miley Cyrus, Giorgio Moroder, Jennifer Hudson, DAngelo, Pink, Tinashe, G-Eazy, Pitbull, Zayn and Wizkid. In 1929, the Radio Corporation of America purchased the Victor Talking Machine Company, then the worlds largest manufacturer of phonographs and phonograph records. The company then became RCA Victor but retained use of the Victor Records name on their labels until the beginning of 1946 when the labels were finally switched over to RCA Victor. With Victor, RCA acquired New World rights to the famous Nipper His Masters Voice trademark, in Shanghai, China, in 1931, RCA Victors British affiliate the Gramophone Company merged with the Columbia Graphophone Company to form EMI. This gave RCA head David Sarnoff a seat on the EMI board, in September 1931, RCA Victor introduced the first 33⅓ rpm records sold to the public, calling them Program Transcriptions. In the depths of the Great Depression, the format was a commercial failure, during the early part of the depression, RCA made a number of attempts to produce a successful cheap label to compete with the dime store labels. The first was the short-lived Timely Tunes label in 1931 sold at Montgomery Ward, in 1932, Bluebird Records was created as a sub-label of RCA Victor. It was originally an 8-inch record with a blue label. In 1933, RCA reintroduced Bluebird and Electradisk as a standard 10-inch label, another cheap label, Sunrise, was produced. The same musical couplings were issued on all three labels and Bluebird Records still survives eight decades after Electradisk and Sunrise were discontinued, RCA also produced records for Montgomery Ward label during the 1930s. Besides manufacturing records for themselves, RCA Victor operated RCA Custom which was the leading record manufacturer for independent record labels, RCA Custom also pressed record compilations for The Readers Digest Association. RCA sold its interest in EMI in 1935, but EMI continued to distribute RCA recordings in the UK, RCA also manufactured and distributed HMV classical recordings on the RCA and HMV labels in North America. During World War II, ties between RCA and its Japanese affiliate JVC were severed, the Japanese record company is today called Victor Entertainment and is still a JVC subsidiary. From 1942 to 1944, RCA Victor was seriously impacted by the American Federation of Musicians recording ban, virtually all union musicians could not make recordings during that period
RCA Records
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Label of an RCA Victor 78 RPM record from the 1950s; RCA manufactured 78s alongside the 45 until 1958.
RCA Records
–
Label of an RCA Victor 45 RPM record from the 1950s; RCA used this label for its 45 RPM records from 1954 to at least 1964.
RCA Records
–
RCA used this label for its American 45 RPM records during the Dynagroove era.
RCA Records
–
RCA's LP label during the Dynagroove era was also used for 45 RPM records of the mid-to-late 1960s in countries such as Argentina, where this single was pressed.
11.
Bruce Springsteen
–
Bruce Frederick Joseph Springsteen is an American singer-songwriter. He is known for his work with the E Street Band, Springsteens recordings have included both commercially accessible rock albums and more somber folk-oriented works. His most successful albums, Born to Run and Born in the U. S. A. find pleasures in the struggles of daily American life. He has sold more 120 million records worldwide and more than 64 million records in the United States, in 2009, Springsteen was a Kennedy Center Honors recipient, in 2013 was named MusiCares person of the year and in 2016 was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom. He married Patti Scialfa in 1991, and the couple have had three children – Evan James, Jessica Rae and Sam Ryan, Bruce Frederick Joseph Springsteen was born on September 23,1949, at Monmouth Medical Center in Long Branch, New Jersey. He was brought home from the hospital to Freehold Borough where he spent his childhood and he lived on South Street and attended Freehold Borough High School. His father, Douglas Frederick Springsteen, was of Dutch and Irish ancestry, Springsteen said his mother, Adele Ann, a legal secretary and of Italian ancestry, was the main breadwinner. His maternal grandfather was born in Vico Equense, a town near Naples and he has two younger sisters, Virginia and Pamela. Pamela had a film career, but left acting to pursue still photography full-time, she took photos for his Human Touch, Lucky Town. The Springsteens are among the early Dutch families who settled in the colony of New Netherland in the 1600s, raised a Roman Catholic, Springsteen attended the St. In a 2012 interview, he explained that it was his Catholic upbringing rather than political ideology that most influenced his music and he noted in the interview that his faith had given him a very active spiritual life, although he joked that this made it very difficult sexually. He added, Once a Catholic, always a Catholic, in the ninth grade, Springsteen transferred to the public Freehold High School, but did not fit in there either. Former teachers have said he was a loner, who wanted nothing more than to play his guitar and he completed high school, but felt so uncomfortable that he skipped his own graduation ceremony. He briefly attended Ocean County College, but dropped out, Springsteen grew up hearing fellow New Jersey singer Frank Sinatra on the radio. He became interested in being involved in music himself when, in 1956 at the age of seven, in 1964, Springsteens mother bought him his first guitar for $18. 1964 was also an important year for Springsteen, having seen The Beatles appearance on The Ed Sullivan Show, thereafter he started playing for audiences with a band called the Rogues at local venues such as the Elks Lodge in Freehold. In 1965, Springsteens mother took out a loan to buy her 16-year-old son a $60 Kent guitar, in the same year, he went to the house of Tex and Marion Vinyard, who sponsored young bands in town. They helped him become the lead guitarist and subsequently one of the singers of the Castiles
Bruce Springsteen
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Bruce Springsteen performing at the
Roskilde Festival 2012.
Bruce Springsteen
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New Jersey beach towns such as
Asbury Park inspired the themes of ordinary life in Bruce Springsteen's music.
Bruce Springsteen
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Springsteen and the E Street Band, 1977
Bruce Springsteen
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Springsteen at
Félix Houphouët-Boigny International Airport in Ivory Coast during
Amnesty International 's 1988
Human Rights Now! Tour
12.
E Street Band
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The E Street Band is an American rock band, and has been musician Bruce Springsteens primary backing band since 1972. The band was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2014. S, Bonds, Darlene Love, Southside Johnny, The Grateful Dead, Santana, Lucinda Williams, Steve Earle, Emmylou Harris, Tracy Chapman, Lady Gaga and Aretha Franklin. The E Street Band was founded in October 1972, but it was not formally named until September 1974, Springsteen has put together other backing bands during his career, but the E Street Band has been together more or less continuously since its inception. The original lineup included Garry Tallent, Clarence Clemons, Danny Federici, Vini Mad Dog Lopez, the band took its name from the street in Belmar, New Jersey, where Sancious mother lived. She allowed the band to rehearse in her garage, ‘Bruce’ tourists to the area often mistakenly believe the house was on the corner of E Street and 10th Avenue, perhaps due to the song Tenth Avenue Freeze-Out about the bands beginnings. The Sancious house was at 1107 E Street with the garage squeezed between the house and the southside fence, Springsteens debut Greetings from Asbury Park, N. J. appeared in 1972, and the bands first national tour began in October 1972. Sancious, even though he played on the album, missed that first tour and it was not until June 1973 that he began appearing regularly on stage with the band. In February 1974, Lopez was asked to resign, and was replaced by Ernest Boom Carter. A few months later, in August 1974, Sancious and Carter left to form their own jazz band called Tone. They were replaced in September 1974 by Roy Bittan and Max Weinberg, violinist Suki Lahav was briefly a member of the band before leaving in March 1975 to emigrate to Israel. Steven Van Zandt, who had long associated with Springsteen and had played in previous bands with him. This lineup remained stable until the early 1980s when Van Zandt left to pursue his own career and he would later rejoin the band in 1995. In June 1984 Nils Lofgren was added to replace Van Zandt, Springsteens future wife, by 2002, the band also included Soozie Tyrell. Tyrell had earlier worked with Scialfa touring with Southside Johnny and the Asbury Jukes, whether Tyrell became as full-fledged a member as the others remains unclear. When asked about the lack of mention in a release prior to the Magic Tour, Springsteen just said in response. Springsteen stated at the time, Danny is one of the pillars of our sound and has played beside me as a friend for more than 40 years. We all eagerly await his healthy and speedy return, Federici made his only return to the stage on March 20,2008, when he appeared for portions of a Springsteen and E Street Band performance at Conseco Fieldhouse in Indianapolis. Federici died on April 17,2008 at the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in New York City, Springsteens album, Working on a Dream, is dedicated to him
E Street Band
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Bruce Springsteen and the E Street Band at the end of a performance, 2009
E Street Band
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Garry W. Tallent
E Street Band
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Roy Bittan
E Street Band
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Patti Scialfa performs with the E Street Band,
Hartford Civic Center, October 2, 2007
13.
Steel Mill
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Steel Mill was an early Bruce Springsteen band. Other members of the band included three members of the E Street Band - Vini Lopez, Danny Federici and Steve Van Zandt. As well as playing on the Jersey Shore, Steel Mill also played regularly in Richmond, Virginia and played gigs in California and they opened for acts such as Chicago, Boz Scaggs, Grand Funk Railroad, Roy Orbison, Ike & Tina Turner and Black Sabbath. Since 2004 Vini Lopez has led Steel Mill Retro which has performed and recorded original Springsteen songs from the Steel Mill era, Roslin was one of the judges while Springsteen and Lopez competed in the competition with their respective bands, The Castiles and Sonny & The Starfires. However, before coming together to form Steel Mill, both Springsteen and Lopez went on to play in other bands, Springsteen formed Earth with fellow Ocean County College students, John Graham and Michael Burke. They would later be joined by another former Castile, Bob Alfano, Lopez, meanwhile, played with the Downtown Tangiers Band, which also included Bill Chinnock, Danny Federici and Garry Tallent, and then in Moment of Truth with Tallent, Federici and Ricky DeSarno. In 1968 the Upstage Club was opened at 702 Cookman Avenue in Asbury Park, the club would subsequently play a central role in the history of both Bruce Springsteen and the E Street Band and Southside Johnny & The Asbury Jukes. On February 14,1969, Lopez, looking to recruit a guitarist for a new band, saw Springsteen play with Earth at the Italian American Mens Association Clubhouse in Long Branch, New Jersey. Then on February 21, Lopez, Springsteen, Federici and Roslin got together at the Upstage, shortly afterwards Carl Tinker West, a surfboard designer and concert promoter who originally came from California, became the bands manager. From March 1969 on, Child played regularly at the Pandemonium in Wanamassa, on May 28 they opened for James Cotton at this venue. Child also played there on July 20,1969, the night of the Apollo 11 first manned moon landing, the club installed several TV monitors especially for the occasion. During the show the audience stopped watching the band and turned their attention to Neil Armstrong, as a result, the band fell out with the club management and never played there again. On November 1,1969, the band played their last show using the name Child at Virginia Commonwealth University in Richmond, Virginia. Shortly afterwards they discovered another band from Long Island, New York was also using the name and had just released an album under that name on Roulette Records. Roslin has stated that they were mistaken for the other Child during shows in Richmond. To avoid confusion with the other Child, the changed their name to Steel Mill, a name suggested by Chuck Dillon. On November 21,1969 at Randolph-Macon College in Ashland, Virginia, the band opened for Chicago, in early 1970 Steel Mill visited San Francisco and performed at The Matrix and Fillmore West, and played on the same bill as Elvin Bishop, Boz Scaggs and Grin. On February 22, they recorded three songs - Goin’ Back To Georgia, The Train Song and He’s Guilty - at the Pacific Recording Studio in San Mateo
Steel Mill
14.
Joey Ramone
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Jeffrey Ross Hyman, known professionally as Joey Ramone, was an American musician and singer-songwriter, lead vocalist of the punk rock band the Ramones. Joey Ramones image, voice, and tenure as frontman of the Ramones made him a countercultural icon, Jeffrey Ross Hyman was born on May 19,1951, in Queens, New York to a Jewish family. His parents are Charlotte and Noel Hyman, the family lived in Forest Hills, Queens New York where Hyman and his future Ramones bandmates attended Forest Hills High School. Though happy, Hyman was something of an outcast, diagnosed at 18 with obsessive–compulsive disorder and he grew up with his brother Mickey Leigh. His mother, Charlotte Lesher, divorced her first husband, Noel Hyman and she married a second time but was widowed by a car accident while she was on vacation. Hyman was a fan of the Beatles, the Who, David Bowie, and the Stooges among other bands, particularly oldies and his idol was Pete Townshend of the Who, with whom he shared a birthday. Hyman took up the drums at 13, and played throughout his teen years before picking up an acoustic guitar at age 17. In 1972 Hyman joined the punk band Sniper. Sniper played at the Mercer Arts Center, Maxs Kansas City and the Coventry, alongside the New York Dolls, Suicide, Hyman played with Sniper under the name Jeff Starship. Mickey Leigh, I was shocked when the band came out, Joey was the lead singer and I couldnt believe how good he was. Because hed been sitting in my house with my guitar, writing these songs like I Dont Care, fucking up my guitar. Hyman continued playing with Sniper until early 1974, when he was replaced by Alan Turner, in 1974, Jeffrey Hyman co-founded the punk rock band the Ramones with friends John Cummings and Douglas Colvin. Colvin was already using the pseudonym Dee Dee Ramone and the others also adopted stage names using Ramone as their surname, Cummings became Johnny Ramone, Joey initially served as the groups drummer while Dee Dee Ramone was the original vocalist. However, when Dee Dees vocal cords proved unable to sustain the demands of consistent live performances, Ramones manager Thomas Erdelyi suggested Joey switch to vocals. After a series of auditions in search of a new drummer, Erdelyi took over on drums. The Ramones were an influence on the punk rock movement in the United States. Their only record with enough U. S. sales to be certified gold was the compilation album Ramones Mania, in 2002, the Ramones were voted the second greatest rock and roll band ever in Spin, trailing only the Beatles. In 1996, after a tour with the Lollapalooza music festival, Ramones voice was within a tenor range, and it was unorthodox in that he had no formal training in an era when vocal proficiency was arguably the norm for most rock bands
Joey Ramone
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Joey Ramone circa 1985
Joey Ramone
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Jeff Hyman aka Joey Ramone 2nd grade class photo 1959 PS196 Queens, NY (back row center)
Joey Ramone
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Joey Ramone was honored with the creation of "Joey Ramone Place" outside the address of
CBGB in New York City.
Joey Ramone
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Headstone for Joey Ramone with fan tributes
15.
Little Steven and the Disciples of Soul
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Steven Van Zandt is an American musician and actor, who frequently goes by the stage names Little Steven or Miami Steve. He is a member of Bruce Springsteens E Street Band, in which he plays guitar and he has also acted in television dramas such as The Sopranos and Lilyhammer. Van Zandt also had his own band called Little Steven. In 2014, Van Zandt was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of the E Street Band, Steven Van Zandt was born on November 22,1950, in Boston, Massachusetts. Steven Van Zandt was born as Steven Lento and is of South Italian descent and he lived at 16 Edgecliff Road in Watertown, Massachusetts. His mother, Mary Lento, remarried in 1957 and Steven took the last name of his stepfather, the family moved from Massachusetts to Middletown Township, New Jersey, when he was seven. Steven Van Zandt found his love for music at an early age and he watched the performances of the Beatles on the Ed Sullivan Show and Rolling Stones on Hollywood Palace in 1964 and referred to the former as The Big Bang of Rock n Roll. He said that when he was 13, George Harrison was his favorite Beatle, around August 1964, Steven formed his first band, the Whirlwinds, which was short lived. He would later form the Mates in 1965 and join the Shadows in May 1966, Van Zandt would later cite British Invasion bands such as the Dave Clark Five, as well as Ravi Shankar and the culture of India as early influences. Steven Van Zandt attended Middletown High School, where he got kicked out for having long hair and he went back to school to make his mother happy and graduated in 1968. Actor/playwright/producer Billy Van Zandt is Stevens half-brother, making actress Adrienne Barbeau his sister-in-law, Steven also has a half-sister named Kathi who is a writer. Bruce Springsteen met Steven Van Zandt for the first time in 1966 or 1967 when Springsteen went to the Hullabaloo club in Middletown, Van Zandt was performing a cover of the Turtles Happy Together with the Shadows. Van Zandt grew up in the Jersey Shore music scene, and was an early friend and they performed together in bands such as Steel Mill and the Bruce Springsteen Band. During the early 1970s, Van Zandt worked in construction for 2 years. In 1973, he toured with The Dovells, the tour ended in Miami during Dick Clarks New Years Show at the Deauville Hotel. After going back to Jersey, Steven continued to wear Hawaiian shirts because he did not like winter and he co-founded Southside Johnny and the Asbury Jukes, in addition to The Miami Horns, who got their name from Stevens nickname. Van Zandt helped establish the rhythm and blues oriented style of music that the band performed and he also produced Southsides first three albums. Overall, Van Zandt wrote a significant bulk of Southsides music which helped them with the success that they achieved
Little Steven and the Disciples of Soul
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Van Zandt at the 2011 MIPCOM, in Cannes
Little Steven and the Disciples of Soul
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Springsteen and Van Zandt, onstage during the
Working on a Dream Tour, August 1, 2009, in
Valladolid, Spain.
16.
Darlene Love
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Darlene Wright, known by her stage name, Darlene Love is an American popular music singer and actress. She is ranked number 84 among Rolling Stones 100 Greatest Singers, as a ministers daughter, she grew up listening to gospel music and was a dedicated member of her church in San Antonio, Texas. She began singing in her church choir at age ten, during choir practice she caught the attention of choir director Cora Martin. After singing for Martin she was asked to go to the Music Mart where she sang and did some broadcasts, as it was her first musical experience, it was also the main influence for her to pursue a music career. Those who knew her described her vocals as a voice of a nightingale and she claimed, the choir was a big influence on my life. I call it my learning ground, singing in the choir, I learned harmony. As an actress, she is perhaps best remembered for playing officer Roger Murtaughs wife in the Lethal Weapon film series, Love was born Darlene Wright on July 26,1941 in Los Angeles, California as Darlene Wright to Ellen Maddox and Reverend Joe Wright. Her sister Edna grew up to be the singer of the group Honey Cone. She grew up in South Los Angeles, long before the tension, crime. Love later remembered the Los Angeles of her childhood as a city that existed mostly in peoples imaginations…, but for us, Los Angeles had nothing to do with movie stars or stubbly, hard-drinking gumshoes trying to piece together broken dreams after hours. For us, Los Angeles was contained in about 20 blocks, bookended on one side by our projects and playgrounds, Love began singing with her local church choir in Hawthorne, California. While still in school she was invited to join a little-known girl group called the Blossoms. They also appeared on Johnny Rivers hits, including Poor Side of Town Baby I Need Your Loving, the single Hes a Rebel was credited to the Crystals, but actually featured Love singing lead for the first time on a Phil Spector recording. As a solo artist, Love also contributed backing vocals to the Ronettes Baby and she was also part of a trio called Bob B. Soxx & the Blue Jeans, who recorded Spectors version of Zip-a-Dee-Doo-Dah, an Oscar-winning song from the 1946 Walt Disney film Song of the South, the Blossoms landed a weekly part on Shindig. One of the top shows of the era. They were part of the highly acclaimed Elvis Presleys 68 Comeback Special, Christmas is a song recorded by Darlene Love for the 1963 holiday compilation album, A Christmas Gift for You from Phil Spector. The song was written by Jeff Barry and Ellie Greenwich, along with Phil Spector, according to Love, Ronnie Spector was not able to put as much emotion into the song as needed
Darlene Love
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Darlene Love
17.
Gary U.S. Bonds
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Bonds is an American rhythm and blues and rock and roll singer, known for his classic hits New Orleans and Quarter to Three. Born in Jacksonville, Florida, Bonds lived in Norfolk, Virginia, in the 1950s when he began singing publicly in church and his first three singles and first album, Dance Til Quarter to Three, were released under the U. S. Bonds name, but people assumed it was the name of a group, to avoid confusion, subsequent releases, including his second album Twist Up Calypso, were made under the name Gary Bonds. The parentheses were discarded in the 1970s, Bonds first hit was the song New Orleans, which was followed by Not Me, a flop for Bonds but later a hit for the Orlons, and then by his only number one hit, Quarter to Three in June 1961. Quarter To Three sold one million records, earning a gold disc, subsequent hits, under his modified name, included School Is Out, Dear Lady Twist, School Is In and Twist, Twist, Señora in the early 1960s. In a 1963 tour of Europe, he headlined above the Beatles and his hits featured solos by the saxophonist Gene Barge. Quarter to Three appears on The Rock and Roll Hall of Fames 500 Songs that Shaped Rock, Bonds continues to release albums sporadically, and today is a mainstay of the nostalgia concert circuit. He is also a 1997 honoree of the Rhythm & Blues Foundation, Bonds is an accomplished golfer and often plays celebrity PGA Tour events. Bonds guested in Blues Brothers 2000 in 1998 as part of a blues supergroup the Louisiana Gator Boys. Bonds released an album in 2004 called Back in 20, the title referencing his repeated sporadic pop-ups of popularity, the album features guest appearances by Springsteen and Southside Johnny. Bonds was also inducted into the Long Island Music Hall of Fame on October 15,2006, in 2009 he released a new album Let Them Talk and toured the UK as a special guest of Bill Wymans Rhythm Kings. Most recently, in 2010, Bonds contributed duet vocals on the song Umbrella in My Drink on Southside Johnnys album Pills and he also made a guest appearance in the 3rd season of Lilyhammer which stars and is produced by Steven van Zandt. Dance til Quarter to Three with U. S, Bonds Twist Up Calypso Dedication On the Line Standing in the Line of Fire Nothing Left to Lose Back in 20 Let Them Talk King Biscuit Flower Hour Live. In Concert The Best of Gary U. S, Bonds Take Me Back to New Orleans The Best of Gary U. S. Bonds The Very Best of Gary U. S. Bonds, The Original Legrand Masters Certified Soul * Produced by Frank Guida Official website
Gary U.S. Bonds
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Gary U.S. Bonds performing in 1981
18.
Fender Stratocaster
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The Fender Stratocaster is a model of electric guitar designed in 1954 by Leo Fender, Bill Carson, George Fullerton, and Freddie Tavares. The Fender Musical Instruments Corporation has continuously manufactured the Stratocaster from 1954 to the present and it is a double-cutaway guitar, with an extended top horn shape for balance. Along with the Gibson Les Paul, it is one of the most often emulated electric guitar shapes, Stratocaster and Strat are trademark terms belonging to Fender. The Fender Stratocaster was the first guitar to feature three pickups and a spring tension tremolo system, as well as being the first Fender with a contoured body, the Stratocasters sleek, contoured body shape differed from the flat, slab-like design of the Telecaster. The Stratocasters double cutaways allowed players access to higher positions on the neck. Starting in 1954, the Stratocaster was offered with a solid, deeply contoured ash body, a 21-fret one-piece maple neck with black dot inlays, the color was originally a two color sunburst pattern, although custom color guitars were produced. In 1956, Fender began using alder for sunburst and most custom color Stratocaster bodies, in 1960, the available custom colors were standardized, many of which were automobile lacquer colors from DuPont available at an additional 5% cost. A unique single-ply, 8-screw hole white pickguard held all electronic components except the recessed jack plate—facilitating easy assembly, in this floating position, players could move the bridge-mounted tremolo arm up or down to modulate the pitch of the notes being played. Hank Marvin, Jeff Beck and Ike Turner used the Strats floating tremolo extensively in their playing, as string gauges have changed, players have experimented with the number of tremolo springs, and modern Stratocasters ship with three springs. Some Strats have a bridge in place of the tremolo assembly. There is considerable debate about the effects on tone and sustain of the used in the tremolo systems inertia bar. The Stratocaster features three single coil pickups, with the originally selected by a 3-way switch. In 1977 Fender introduced a 5-way selector making such pickup combinations more stable, dick Dale is a prominent Stratocaster player who also collaborated with Leo Fender in developing the Fender Showman amplifier. In the early 1960s, the instrument was also championed by Hank Marvin, guitarist for the Shadows, in 1965, George Harrison and John Lennon acquired Stratocasters and used them for Help. Rubber Soul and later recording sessions, the double unison guitar solo on Nowhere Man is played by Harrison and Lennon on their new Stratocasters, after the introduction of the Fender Stratocaster Ultra series in 1989, ebony was officially selected as a fretboard material on some models. In December 1965 the Stratocaster was given a broader headstock with altered decals to match the size of the Jazzmaster, during the CBS era, particularly the 1970s, the perceived quality of Fender instruments fell. During this time, vintage instruments from the era became popular. Dan Smith, with the help of John Page, proceeded to work on a reissue of the most popular guitars of Leo Fenders era
Fender Stratocaster
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Fender Stratocaster
Fender Stratocaster
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Buddy Holly 's Stratocaster
Fender Stratocaster
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Stratocaster headstock
Fender Stratocaster
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John Frusciante Squier guitar
19.
Rickenbacker
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Rickenbacker International Corporation, also known as Rickenbacker, is an electric string instrument manufacturer based in Santa Ana, California. In 1932, the became the worlds first to produce electric guitars and eventually produced a range of electric guitars. The company was founded in 1931 as the Ro-Pat-In Corporation by Adolph Rickenbacher and these instruments had been designed by Beauchamp, assisted at the National String Instrument Corporation by Paul Barth and Harry Watson. They chose the brand name Rickenbacher, though early examples bear the brand name Electro, nicknamed frying pans because of their long necks and circular bodies, the instruments were the first solid-bodied electric guitars, though they were a lap-steel type. They had a pickup with a steel cover that arched over the strings. By the time production ceased in 1939, several thousand frying pans had been produced, Electro String also sold amplifiers to go with their electric guitars. A Los Angeles radio manufacturer named Van Nest designed the first Electro String production-model amplifier, shortly thereafter, design engineer Ralph Robertson further developed the amplifiers, and by the 1940s at least four different Rickenbacker models were made available. Lansing of the Lansing Manufacturing Company designed the speaker in the Rickenbacker professional model, during the early 1940s, Rickenbacker amps were sometimes repaired by Leo Fender, whose repair shop evolved into the Fender Electric Instrument Manufacturing Company. Their next collaboration involved experiments with mounting three conical-shaped aluminum resonators into the body of the guitar beneath the bridge and these efforts produced an instrument which so pleased Beauchamp that he told Dopyera that they should go into business to manufacture them. After further refinements, Dopyera applied for a patent on the so-called tri-cone guitar on April 9,1927, thereafter, Dopyera and his brothers began to make the tri-cone guitars in their Los Angeles shop, calling the new guitars Nationals. Adolph Rickenbacher was born in Basel, Switzerland in 1887 and emigrated to the United States to live with relatives after the death of his parents, sometime after moving to Los Angeles in 1918, he changed his surname to Rickenbacker. In 1925, Rickenbacker and two formed the Rickenbacker Manufacturing Company and incorporated it in 1927. Adolph became a shareholder in National and, with the assistance of his Rickenbacker Manufacturing Company, patent infringement disagreements between National and Dobro led to a lawsuit in 1929 with Dobro suing National for $2,000,000 in damages. By the late twenties, the idea for electrified string instruments had been around for some time, George Beauchamp had himself been experimenting with electric amplification as early as 1925, but his early efforts involving microphones did not produce the effects he desired. Along the way Beauchamp also built a one-string test guitar made out of a 2X4 piece of lumber and it was nicknamed the frying pan because of its shape, though Rickenbacker liked to call it the pancake. The final design Beauchamp and Barth developed was an electric pickup consisting of a pair of horseshoe-shaped magnets that enclosed the pickup coil and these instruments constitute the origin of the electric guitar by virtue of their string-driven electro-magnetic pick-ups. In 1933 the Ro-Pat-In companys name was changed to Electro String Instrument Corporation, in 1934 the name of Rickenbacher was added in honor of the companys principal partner, Adolph Rickenbacker. Both models had been experimental, produced as early as 1932, the Electro-Spanish Ken Roberts Model was subject to a limited production of forty-six
Rickenbacker
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Rickenbacker 330JG
Rickenbacker
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Sketch of Rickenbacker "frying pan" lap steel guitar from 1934 patent application
Rickenbacker
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Body of a 370/12, with the distinctive R-tailpiece, sharkfin inlays and stereo jacks.
Rickenbacker
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The typical 12-string headstock, with the slotted tuners for the octave strings.
20.
Guild Guitar Company
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The brand name currently exists as a brand under Córdoba Music Group. The first Guild workshop was located in Manhattan, New York, rapid expansion forced the company to move to much larger quarters, on Newark St. in Hoboken, New Jersey, in the old R. Neumann Leathers building. The company continued to expand, and was sold to the Avnet Corporation, as the folk scene quieted, a new generation of folk-rockers took Guild guitars on stage. The most notable Guild performance of that era was on the D-40 that Richie Havens played when he opened the Woodstock Festival in 1969, during the 1960s, Guild moved aggressively into the electric guitar market, successfully promoting the Starfire line of semi-acoustic and semi-solid guitars and basses. Alembic started their transition from sound and recording work to instrument building by modifying Lesh & Casadys Starfire basses, the rare S-200 Thunderbird solid body electric was used by Muddy Waters and The Lovin Spoonfuls Zal Yanovsky. Inspired by seeing Muddy Waters, Australian guitarist Ross Hannaford also acquired a Thunderbird, Guild also successfully manufactured the first dreadnought acoustic guitar which incorporates a cut-away in the lower shoulder of the instrument, known as the Guild D40-C. In 1972, under Guilds new president Leon Tell, noteworthy guitarist/designer Richard Rick Excellente conceptualized and initiated the first dreadnought guitar with a cut-away, the cut-away feature enables a player to have a more usable higher fret range. Upon the success of the Guild D-40C, other manufacturers followed suit. Today, Guild continues to manufacture the D-40C, and now and these guitars were the first Guild instruments to bear slim pointed headstocks, sometimes called pointy droopy, duck foot and cake knife for their distinctive shape. After several changes in management and ownership, Guild was eventually purchased by the Fender Musical Instruments Corporation in 1995, in late 2001, Fender decided to move all Guild production to its factory in Corona, California. To ease the Corona facility into making archtop and acoustic guitars and these kits were near-complete production guitars that only needed finishing and final assembly before being sent to retailers. The New Hartford Guild facility began production in early 2009, starting with the D-55, production quickly ramped up to include most of the popular Traditional Series acoustic guitar models. Acoustic-Electric versions of models are also available. Starting with 2012 models, all US-built Guild Traditional Series guitars were available in right-, in 2011, Traditional Series models were improved by means of a new DTAR pickup system, which allows blending between an internal microphone element and an under-saddle transducer. Previous DTAR configurations only included an under-saddle transducer, also, hard shell case material has been upgraded to a high-end, faux alligator skin material with crushed velvet interior padding. In late 2010, Guild released its Standard Series acoustic guitars and these guitars have high-end features, but differences in ornamentation and instrument finish options make them more affordable. Standard Series models include the F-30, F-30R, F-50, D-40, D-50, in 2011, cutaway acoustic-electric versions of all Standard Series models were released. These guitars featured venetian cutaways and a DTAR 18V under-saddle pickup system and these models can be identified by the CE suffix at the end of the guitars model number
Guild Guitar Company
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Beatles's 1966 Guild Starfire XII, one of
John Lennon 's guitars.
Guild Guitar Company
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A 1979 Guild D25M.
Guild Guitar Company
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A-150 Savoy.
Guild Guitar Company
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Swedish singer
Sofia Talvik playing with a Guild in 2010.
21.
Silvio Dante
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Silvio Manfred Dante, played by Steven Van Zandt, is a fictional character on the HBO TV series The Sopranos. He is the consigliere to Tony Soprano in the Soprano crime family and he is usually a behind the scenes figure and tries not to draw much attention to himself. He does very well at maintaining a legitimate business image as the manager and owner of the Bada Bing strip club. Silvio usually keeps his cool in even the worst situations but has known to unleash his terrible fury and excessive anger when necessary. Silvio is a movie and film connoisseur and has a mind for movie lines. they pulled me back in. Silvio is one of the most loyal mobsters in the Soprano crime family and he is notorious on the show for executing FBI informants and traitors. According to The Sopranos, A Family History, Silvio was born in June 1957, his father was Joseph Beppo Dante, Silvio was a childhood friend of Tony and his early criminal activity often involved Tony, Ralph Cifaretto and Jackie Aprile, Sr. His original career plan was to be a singer. Silvios support was instrumental in ensuring Tony took over as capo following the death of his father, throughout his association with the Soprano crew, Silvio formed friendships with Salvatore Big Pussy Bonpensiero and Paulie Walnuts Gualtieri. Silvio is one of the more level-headed associates of Tony Soprano, where many of Tonys men immediately become hot-headed and resort to violence, Silvio generally helps to mediate many situations and gets along with everyone. He accompanies Tony to most of his sit-downs - a formal venue in the organization to resolve disputes, because of this, Tony relies on Silvio to be a clear-headed thinker and someone he can trust. Silvio is most often the one to quote mafia rules and norms when a decision is to be made. Silvios move to consigliere, once Tony becomes acting boss, seems completely natural, Silvios criminal interests include loan sharking and bookmaking but his day-to-day role is that of managing the Bada Bing, the most recent in a string of strip clubs that he has operated. The Bing, as it is referred to, is not only one of the crime familys major meeting spots. The most notable instance of Silvios clubs doubling as a house of prostitution is perhaps episode University, in spite of his misogyny, Silvio loves and cares about, and is a strong father for his teenage daughter Heather, whom he calls The Principessa. Silvio says that Heather disapproves of his profession calling it degrading to women, Tony has said to him, Youre a good father. When his daughters soccer coach was found to be involved with one of his players, Silvio looked for vengeance. Silvio has a record of executing traitors throughout the show
Silvio Dante
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Steven Van Zandt as Silvio Dante
22.
The Sopranos
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The Sopranos is an American crime drama television series created by David Chase. The story revolves around the character, New Jersey-based Italian American mobster Tony Soprano. The series portrays the difficulties he faces as he tries to balance the requirements of his home life. These are often highlighted during his sessions with psychiatrist Jennifer Melfi. The series features Tonys family members, mafia colleagues and rivals, in prominent roles and story arcs, most notably his wife Carmela and protégé Christopher Moltisanti. After the pilot was ordered in 1997, the show premiered on the cable network HBO in the United States on January 10,1999. The series then went through syndication and has been broadcast on A&E in the United States, the Sopranos was produced by HBO, Chase Films, and Brad Grey Television. It was primarily filmed at Silvercup Studios, New York City, the executive producers throughout the shows run were David Chase, Brad Grey, Robin Green, Mitchell Burgess, Ilene S. Landress, Terence Winter, and Matthew Weiner. The Sopranos is widely regarded as one of the greatest television series of all time, the series also won a multitude of awards, including Peabody Awards for its first two seasons,21 Primetime Emmy Awards and five Golden Globe Awards. A staple of 2000s American popular culture, the series has been the subject of analysis, controversy. It has spawned books, a game, high-charting soundtrack albums. Several members of the shows cast and crew who were largely unknown to the public have had successful careers after The Sopranos. In 2013, the Writers Guild of America named The Sopranos the best-written TV series of all time, before creating The Sopranos, David Chase had worked as a television producer for more than 20 years. He had been employed as a staff writer/producer for several series and had co-created one short-lived original series, Almost Grown. He made his directorial debut in 1986 with the Enough Rope for Two episode of Alfred Hitchcock Presents revival. He also directed episodes of Almost Grown and Ill Fly Away in 1988 and 1992, in 1996, he wrote and directed the television film The Rockford Files, Punishment and Crime. He served as showrunner for Ill Fly Away and Northern Exposure in the 1990s, Chase won his first Emmy Award in 1978 for his work on The Rockford Files and his second for writing the 1980 television film Off the Minnesota Strip. By 1996, he was a coveted showrunner, the story of The Sopranos was initially conceived as a feature film about a mobster in therapy having problems with his mother
The Sopranos
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Cast members
James Gandolfini (right) and
Tony Sirico (left) visit with a member of the
U.S. Air Force during a
USO visit to Southwest Asia.
The Sopranos
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The Sopranos
23.
Lilyhammer
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Lilyhammer was promoted as the first time Netflix offered exclusive content. The series produced three seasons, with the episode airing 17 December 2014. On 22 July 2015, Steven van Zandt posted on Twitter that the series had been cancelled, NRK owns the rights to the series and remained optimistic that a deal could be made with another company for a fourth season. Frank requests that he be relocated to Lillehammer, where he believes no one will look for him and his new identity is Norwegian-American immigrant Giovanni Johnny Henriksen. On a train journey from Oslo to Lillehammer, Johnny impresses teacher Sigrid Haugli, her son Jonas, Johnny befriends the Hauglis after doing them a favor, and sometime later, after he and Sigrid spend the night together, Sigrid learns she is pregnant with his twins. The supervisor, who heard shots and saw the Lien brothers in the woods the night Johnny killed the wolf, Hovland and Tvedt become suspicious of Johnny when he opens his nightclub, the Flamingo. When the local biker gang attempts to start a war with Johnny, Johnny invests in an apartment complex and is promised his own penthouse. Eventually, Johnny is told the apartments are meant for families, meanwhile, Geir edits a photo of Johnny to make him appear as a terrorist and presents it to Laila, who dismisses it. Geir is later suspended after he mistakes a toy gun Johnny is holding for a real one during a ski race. Laila gifts Geir a trip to Graceland in Memphis to visit the home of his idol, while stopped in New York, Geir learns that Johnny bears a similarity to vanished criminal Frank Tagliano and attempts to investigate. In New York, Geir befriends a woman, who uses her knowledge of underworld hangouts to show Geir where he might collect information about Johnny. Aldo learns of Geirs appearance and sends hitman Robert Grasso and Aldos nephew Jerry to interrogate Geir, while being interrogated, Geir attacks his captors but is shot and killed in the struggle. When Aldo learns that Geir was from Lillehammer, he sends Robert, meanwhile, in Lillehammer, Johnny purchases a penthouse and invites Sigrid and Jonas to move in. When a mysterious beating occurs, Laila finds a connection between Johnny and the beating, Torgeir - whod already remarked upon Johnnys unusual knowledge of guns, for a restaurant owner - informs Johnny of the hitmen and becomes curious about Johnnys true identity. When Torgeir later confronts Johnny, Johnny lies and says he is a CIA Agent wanted by the criminals from his past, eventually, Robert and Jerry kidnap Jonas, and Johnny gives chase through a nearby museum. Jonas manages to escape, and Robert kills Jerry, Johnny makes a deal with Robert, providing his ring as evidence for Aldo, in New York, that Johnny died in a mutually fatal shootout with Jerry. Laila discovers the two burying Jerrys body, but allows them to go after learning that Jerry was responsible for Geirs death, when Sigrid learns of Jonass abduction, she breaks up with Johnny. Eight months later, British thief Duncan Hammer arrives in Lillehammer, however, Dag owes money to Johnny and his crew, which now includes the bikers and Jan
Lilyhammer
–
Lilyhammer poster
24.
Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
–
The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum is a hall of fame and museum located on the shore of Lake Erie in downtown Cleveland, Ohio, United States. In 1986, Cleveland was chosen as the hall of fames permanent home.8 billion, the Foundation began inducting artists in 1986, but the Hall of Fame still had no home. The search committee considered several cities, including Philadelphia, Memphis, Detroit, Cincinnati, New York City, Cleveland was also one of the premier tour stops for most rock bands. Civic leaders in Cleveland pledged $65 million in money to fund the construction. A petition drive was signed by 600,000 fans favoring Cleveland over Memphis, on May 5,1986, the Hall of Fame Foundation chose Cleveland as the permanent home of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum. Sam Phillips of Sun Studios fame and many others were stunned and disappointed that it ended up in Cleveland, the hall of fame shouldve been in Memphis, certainly, wrote Peter Guralnick, author of an acclaimed two-volume Elvis Presley biography. Cleveland may also have chosen as the organizations site because the city offered the best financial package. As The Plain Dealer music critic Michael Norman noted, It was $65 million, Cleveland wanted it here and put up the money. During early discussions on where to build the Hall of Fame and Museum, ultimately, the chosen location was along East Ninth Street in downtown Cleveland by Lake Erie, east of Cleveland Stadium. Initial CEO Dr. Larry R. Thompson facilitated I. M. Pei in designs for the site, Pei came up with the idea of a tower with a glass pyramid protruding from it. The museum tower was planned to stand 200 ft high. The buildings base is approximately 150,000 square feet, the groundbreaking ceremony took place on June 7,1993. Pete Townshend, Chuck Berry, Billy Joel, Sam Phillips, Ruth Brown, Sam Moore of Sam and Dave, Carl Gardner of the Coasters and Dave Pirner of Soul Asylum all appeared at the groundbreaking. The museum was dedicated on September 1,1995, with the ribbon being cut by an ensemble that included Yoko Ono and Little Richard, among others, the following night an all-star concert was held at the stadium. It featured Chuck Berry, Bob Dylan, Al Green, Jerry Lee Lewis, Aretha Franklin, Bruce Springsteen, Iggy Pop, John Fogerty, John Mellencamp, and many others. In addition to the Hall of Fame inductees, the documents the entire history of rock and roll. Hall of Fame inductees are honored in an exhibit located in a wing that juts out over Lake Erie. Since 1986, the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame has selected new inductees, the formal induction ceremony has been held in New York City 25 times, twice in Los Angeles, and four times in the Hall of Fames home in Cleveland
Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
–
Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum
Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
–
The former Annex in Soho in New York City (now closed)
Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
–
The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame (left) sits on the
Lake Erie shore next to the
Great Lakes Science Center (right) in Cleveland's
North Coast Harbor.
Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
–
The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, showing
Lake Erie in the foreground
25.
Calabria
–
Calabria, known in antiquity as Bruttium and formerly as Italia, is a region in Southern Italy and forms the traditionally conceptualized toe of the Italian Peninsula which resembles a boot. The capital city of Calabria is Catanzaro and its most populated city, and the seat of the Regional Council of Calabria, is Reggio Calabria in the Province of Reggio Calabria. The region is bordered to the north by the Basilicata Region, to the west by the Tyrrhenian Sea, the region covers 15,080 km2 and has a population of just under 2 million. The demonym of Calabria in English is Calabrian, in ancient times Calabria was referred to as Italy. The Romans later extended the name to cover Southern Italy and then the entire peninsula, the region is a long and narrow peninsula which stretches from north to south for 248 km, with a maximum width of 110 km. Some 42% of Calabrias area, corresponding to 15,080 km2, is mountainous, 49% is hilly and it is surrounded by the Ionian and Tyrrhenian seas. It is separated from Sicily by the Strait of Messina, where the narrowest point between Capo Peloro in Sicily and Punta Pezzo in Calabria is only 3.2 km, three mountain ranges are present, Pollino, La Sila and Aspromonte. All three mountain ranges are unique with their own flora and fauna, the Pollino Mountains in the north of the region are rugged and form a natural barrier separating Calabria from the rest of Italy. Parts of the area are heavily wooded, while others are vast and these mountains are home to a rare Bosnian Pine variety, and are included in the Pollino National Park. The highest point is Botte Donato, which reaches 1,928 metres, the area boasts numerous lakes and dense coniferous forests. La Sila also has some of the tallest trees in Italy which are called the Giants of the Sila, the Sila National Park is also known to have the purest air in Europe. The Aspromonte massif forms the southernmost tip of the Italian peninsula bordered by the sea on three sides and this unique mountainous structure reaches its highest point at Montalto, at 1,995 metres, and is full of wide, man-made terraces that slope down towards the sea. In general, most of the terrain in Calabria has been agricultural for centuries. The lowest slopes are rich in vineyards and citrus fruit orchards, the Diamante citron is one of the citrus fruits. Moving upwards, olives and chestnut trees appear while in the regions there are often dense forests of oak, pine, beech. Calabrias climate is influenced by the sea and mountains, mountain areas have a typical mountainous climate with frequent snow during winter. Erratic behavior of the Tyrrhenian Sea can bring heavy rainfall on the slopes of the region, while hot air from Africa makes the east coast of Calabria dry. The mountains that run along the region also influence the climate, the east coast is much warmer and has wider temperature ranges than the west coast
Calabria
–
View of Calabria from satellite
Calabria
–
Cliff at
Tropea
Calabria
–
Pollino National Park
Calabria
–
La Sila National Park
26.
Naples
–
Naples is the capital of the Italian region Campania and the third-largest municipality in Italy, after Rome and Milan. In 2015, around 975,260 people lived within the administrative limits. The Metropolitan City of Naples had a population of 3,115,320, Naples is the 9th-most populous urban area in the European Union with a population of between 3 million and 3.7 million. About 4.4 million people live in the Naples metropolitan area, Naples is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. Bronze Age Greek settlements were established in the Naples area in the second millennium BC, a larger colony – initially known as Parthenope, Παρθενόπη – developed on the Island of Megaride around the ninth century BC, at the end of the Greek Dark Ages. Naples remained influential after the fall of the Western Roman Empire, thereafter, in union with Sicily, it became the capital of the Two Sicilies until the unification of Italy in 1861. Naples was the most-bombed Italian city during World War II, much of the citys 20th-century periphery was constructed under Benito Mussolinis fascist government, and during reconstruction efforts after World War II. The city has experienced significant economic growth in recent decades, and unemployment levels in the city, however, Naples still suffers from political and economic corruption, and unemployment levels remain high. Naples has the fourth-largest urban economy in Italy, after Milan, Rome and it is the worlds 103rd-richest city by purchasing power, with an estimated 2011 GDP of US$83.6 billion. The port of Naples is one of the most important in Europe, numerous major Italian companies, such as MSC Cruises Italy S. p. A, are headquartered in Naples. The city also hosts NATOs Allied Joint Force Command Naples, the SRM Institution for Economic Research, Naples is a full member of the Eurocities network of European cities. The city was selected to become the headquarters of the European institution ACP/UE and was named a City of Literature by UNESCOs Creative Cities Network, the Villa Rosebery, one of the three official residences of the President of Italy, is located in the citys Posillipo district. Naples historic city centre is the largest in Europe, covering 1,700 hectares and enclosing 27 centuries of history, Naples has long been a major cultural centre with a global sphere of influence, particularly during the Renaissance and Enlightenment eras. In the immediate vicinity of Naples are numerous culturally and historically significant sites, including the Palace of Caserta, culinarily, Naples is synonymous with pizza, which originated in the city. Neapolitan music has furthermore been highly influential, credited with the invention of the romantic guitar, according to CNN, the metro stop Toledo is the most beautiful in Europe and it won also the LEAF Award 2013 as Public building of the year. Naples is the Italian city with the highest number of accredited stars from the Michelin Guide, Naples sports scene is dominated by football and Serie A club S. S. C. Napoli, two-time Italian champions and winner of European trophies, who play at the San Paolo Stadium in the south-west of the city, the Phlegraean Fields around Naples has been inhabited since the Neolithic period. The earliest Greek settlements were established in the Naples area in the second millennium BC, sailors from the Greek island of Rhodes established a small commercial port called Parthenope on the island of Megaride in the ninth century BC
Naples
–
Naples Napoli
Naples
–
Ancient map of the Bay of Naples area from Vatican Museum
Naples
–
A scene featuring the
siren Parthenope, the mythological founder of Naples.
Naples
–
The
Gothic Battle of Mons Lactarius on
Vesuvius, painted by
Alexander Zick.
27.
Watertown, Massachusetts
–
The Town of Watertown is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. It is part of the Greater Boston area, the population was 31,915 at the 2010 census. Watertown is one of fourteen Massachusetts municipalities that have applied for, Watertown is made up of six neighborhoods, Bemis, Brigham, Coolidge Square, East Watertown, Watertown Square and the West End. Archeological evidence suggests that Watertown was inhabited for thousands of years before the arrival of settlers from England, two tribes of Massachusett, the Pequossette and the Nonantum, had settlements on the banks of the river later called the Charles. The Pequossette built a weir to trap herring at the site of the current Watertown Dam. The annual fish migration, as both alewife and blueback herring swim upstream from their home in the sea to spawn in the fresh water where they were hatched. Watertown, first known as Saltonstall Plantation, was one of the earliest of the Massachusetts Bay settlements and it was begun early in 1630 by a group of settlers led by Richard Saltonstall and George Phillips and officially incorporated that same year. The alternate spelling Waterton is seen in early documents. The first buildings were upon land now included within the limits of Cambridge known as Gerrys Landing, for its first quarter century Watertown ranked next to Boston in population and area. Since then its limits have been greatly reduced, thrice portions have been added to Cambridge, and it has contributed territory to form the new towns of Weston, Waltham, Lincoln and Belmont. As early as the close of the 17th century, Watertown was the horse and cattle market in New England and was known for its fertile gardens. Here about 1632 was erected the first gristmill in the colony, the Massachusetts Provincial Congress, after adjournment from Concord, met from April to July 1775 in the First Parish Church, the site of which is marked by a monument. The Massachusetts General Court held its sessions here from 1775 to 1778, committees met in the nearby Edmund Fowle House. Boston town meetings were held here during the siege of Boston, from 1832 to 1834 Theodore Parker conducted a private school here and his name is still preserved in the Parker School, though the building no longer operates as a public school. The Arsenal is notable for being the site of a 1911 strike prompted by the management methods of operations research pioneer Frederick Winslow Taylor, taylors method, which he dubbed Scientific Management, broke tasks down into smaller components. The strike and its causes were controversial enough that they resulted in Congressional hearings in 1911, taylors methods spread widely, influencing such industrialists as Henry Ford, and the idea is one of the underlying inspirations of the factory line industrial method. The site includes the Arsenal Center for the Arts, an arts center that opened in 2005. The Arsenal is now owned by athenahealth, Arsenal Street features two shopping malls across the street from one another, with the Watertown Mall on one side, and The Arsenal Project of Watertown on the other
Watertown, Massachusetts
–
Watertown's Main Street
Watertown, Massachusetts
–
Saltonstall's landing spot in Watertown, also known as Elbridge Gerry Landing
Watertown, Massachusetts
–
Edmund Fowle House, built in the 1700s and used by the Massachusetts government during the
Revolutionary War
Watertown, Massachusetts
–
Browne House, built ca. 1694
28.
The Beatles
–
The Beatles were an English rock band, formed in Liverpool in 1960. With members John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr, the Beatles built their reputation playing clubs in Liverpool and Hamburg over a three-year period from 1960, with Stuart Sutcliffe initially serving as bass player. The core of Lennon, McCartney and Harrison went through a succession of drummers, including Pete Best, before asking Starr to join them. They acquired the nickname the Fab Four as Beatlemania grew in Britain the next year, from 1965 onwards, the Beatles produced increasingly innovative recordings, including the albums Rubber Soul, Revolver, Sgt. Peppers Lonely Hearts Club Band, The Beatles and Abbey Road, after their break-up in 1970, they each enjoyed successful musical careers of varying lengths. McCartney and Starr, the members, remain musically active. Lennon was shot and killed in December 1980, and Harrison died of cancer in November 2001. The Beatles are the band in history, with estimated sales of over 600 million records worldwide. They have had more number-one albums on the British charts and sold more singles in the UK than any other act, according to the RIAA, the Beatles are also the best-selling music artists in the United States, with 178 million certified units. In 2008, the group topped Billboard magazines list of the all-time most successful Hot 100 artists, as of 2016 and they have received ten Grammy Awards, an Academy Award for Best Original Song Score and fifteen Ivor Novello Awards. The group was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1988 and they were also collectively included in Time magazines compilation of the twentieth centurys 100 most influential people. In March 1957, John Lennon, then aged sixteen, formed a group with several friends from Quarry Bank school. They briefly called themselves the Blackjacks, before changing their name to the Quarrymen after discovering that a local group was already using the other name. Fifteen-year-old Paul McCartney joined as a rhythm guitarist shortly after he, in February 1958, McCartney invited his friend George Harrison to watch the band. The fourteen-year-old auditioned for Lennon, impressing him with his playing, after a month of Harrisons persistence, they enlisted him as their lead guitarist. By January 1959, Lennons Quarry Bank friends had left the group, the three guitarists, billing themselves at least three times as Johnny and the Moondogs, were playing rock and roll whenever they could find a drummer. They used the name until May, when they became the Silver Beetles, before undertaking a tour of Scotland as the backing group for pop singer. By early July, they had changed their name to the Silver Beatles, allan Williams, the Beatles unofficial manager, arranged a residency for them in Hamburg, but lacking a full-time drummer they auditioned and hired Pete Best in mid-August 1960
The Beatles
–
The "Fab Four" Beatles lineup in 1964 Top: Lennon, McCartney Bottom: Harrison, Starr
The Beatles
–
Abbey Road Studios main entrance
The Beatles
–
McCartney, Harrison, Swedish pop singer
Lill-Babs and Lennon on the set of the Swedish television show Drop-In, 30 October 1963
The Beatles
–
The Beatles arrive at John F. Kennedy International Airport, 7 February 1964
29.
The Ed Sullivan Show
–
The Ed Sullivan Show is an American TV variety show that ran on CBS from Sunday June 20,1948, to Sunday June 6,1971, and was hosted by New York entertainment columnist Ed Sullivan. It was replaced in September 1971 by the CBS Sunday Night Movie, in 2002, The Ed Sullivan Show was ranked #15 on TV Guides 50 Greatest TV Shows of All Time. In 2013, the series finished No.31 in TV Guide Magazines 60 Best Series of All Time, the format was essentially the same as vaudeville, and although vaudeville had died a generation earlier, Sullivan presented many ex-vaudevillians on his show. The last original Sullivan show telecast was on March 28,1971, with guests Melanie, Joanna Simon, Danny Davis and the Nashville Brass, repeats were scheduled through June 6,1971. While most of the episodes aired live from New York City, the show aired live on occasion from other nations, such as the United Kingdom, Australia. For many years, Ed Sullivan was an event each Sunday evening. In those days, we had six acts. Then, each of our acts would do a leisurely ten minutes or so, Now they do two or three minutes. And in those early days I talked too much, I look up at me talking away and I say You fool. But I just keep on talking, Ive learned how to keep my mouth shut. The show enjoyed phenomenal popularity in the 1950s and early 1960s and he was regarded as a kingmaker, and performers considered an appearance on his program as a guarantee of stardom, although this sometimes did not turn out to be the case. The shows iconic status is illustrated by the song Hymn for a Sunday Evening from the 1960 musical Bye Bye Birdie, in the song, a family of viewers expresses their regard for the program in worshipful tones. In September 1965, CBS started televising the program in compatible color, CBS had once backed its own color system, developed by Peter Goldmark, and resisted using RCAs compatible process until 1954. At that time, it built its first New York City color TV studio, Studio 72, in a former RKO movie theater at 2248 Broadway. One Ed Sullivan Show was broadcast on August 22,1954, from the new studio, CBS Studio 72 was demolished in 1986 and replaced by an apartment house. CBS Studio 50 was finally colorized in 1965, the 1965–66 season premiere starred the Beatles in an episode airing on September 12, which was the last episode to air in black and white. In the late 1960s, Sullivan remarked that his program was waning as the decade went on and he realized that to keep viewers, the best and brightest in entertainment had to be seen, or else the viewers were going to keep on changing the channel. Along with declining viewership, Ed Sullivan attracted a higher age for the average viewer as the seasons went on
The Ed Sullivan Show
–
Ed Sullivan
The Ed Sullivan Show
–
Carmen Miranda and
Ed Sullivan on Toast of the Town, 1953.
The Ed Sullivan Show
–
Sullivan and The Beatles, February 1964
The Ed Sullivan Show
–
Elvis Presley performing "Ready Teddy"
30.
The Rolling Stones
–
The Rolling Stones are an English rock band formed in London in 1962. The original line-up consisted of Brian Jones, Mick Jagger, Keith Richards, Bill Wyman, Charlie Watts, Stewart was removed from the official line-up in 1963 but continued as a touring member until his death in 1985. Jones left the less than a month prior to his death in 1969, having already been replaced by Mick Taylor. After Taylor left the band, Ronnie Wood took his place in 1975 and has been on guitar in tandem with Richards ever since, following Wymans departure in 1993, Darryl Jones joined as their touring bassist. Other touring keyboardists for the band have been Nicky Hopkins, Billy Preston, the band was first led by Jones, but after teaming as the bands songwriters, Jagger and Richards assumed leadership while Jones dealt with legal and personal troubles. The Rolling Stones were at the forefront of the British Invasion of bands that became popular in the US in 1964, and identified with the youthful and rebellious counterculture of the 1960s. Rooted in blues and early rock and roll, the group began a period of musical experimentation in the mid-1960s that peaked with the psychedelic album Their Satanic Majesties Request. During this period, they were first introduced on stage as The Worlds Greatest Rock, the band continued to release commercially successful records in the 1970s and sold many albums, including Some Girls and Tattoo You, which were their most popular albums worldwide. From 1983 to 1987, tensions between Jagger and Richards almost caused the band to split, however, they managed to patch up their friendship in 1987. They separated temporarily to work on projects and experienced a comeback with Steel Wheels. Since the 1990s, new recorded material from the group has been increasingly less well-received, despite this, the Rolling Stones have continued to be a huge attraction on the live circuit, with stadium tours in the 1990s and 2000s. By 2007, the band had four of the top five highest-grossing concert tours of all time, Voodoo Lounge Tour, Bridges to Babylon Tour, Licks Tour and A Bigger Bang Tour. The Rolling Stones were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1989, Rolling Stone magazine ranked them fourth on the 100 Greatest Artists of All Time list and their estimated album sales are above 250 million. They have released 30 studio albums,18 live albums and numerous compilations, Let It Bleed was their first of five consecutive number one studio and live albums in the UK. Sticky Fingers was the first of eight number one studio albums in the US. In 2008, the band ranked 10th on the Billboard Hot 100 All-Time Top Artists chart, in 2012, the band celebrated its 50th anniversary. Keith Richards and Mick Jagger were childhood friends and classmates in Dartford, Kent, Jagger had formed a garage band with Dick Taylor, mainly playing Muddy Waters, Chuck Berry, Little Richard, Howlin Wolf and Bo Diddley material. Jagger met Richards again in 1960 on platform two of Dartford railway station, the Chuck Berry and Muddy Waters records that Jagger carried revealed a common interest that prompted their musical partnership
The Rolling Stones
–
The Rolling Stones performing at
Summerfest festival in June 2015 Left to right:
Charlie Watts (drums),
Ronnie Wood (rhythm guitar),
Mick Jagger (vocals),
Keith Richards (lead guitar)
The Rolling Stones
–
The back room of what was the
Crawdaddy Club in Richmond, London where the Rolling Stones had their first residency in 1963
The Rolling Stones
–
The Rolling Stones performing at Georgia Southern College in Statesboro, Georgia, May 1965
The Rolling Stones
–
A trade ad for the 1965 Rolling Stones' North American tour.
31.
Hollywood Palace
–
The Hollywood Palace was an hour-long American television variety show that was broadcast weekly on ABC from January 4,1964, to February 7,1970. Originally titled The Saturday Night Hollywood Palace, it began as a replacement for The Jerry Lewis Show, another variety show. It was staged in Hollywood at the former Hollywood Playhouse on Vine Street, a little-known starlet named Raquel Welch was cast during the first season as the Billboard Girl, who placed the names of the acts on a placard. Unlike similar programs such as The Ed Sullivan Show, the series used a different host each week, the off-screen announcer for each program was Dick Tufeld. Grey Lockwood served as director for the entire run. The opening set framing the host established a show opening with Jim Trittipos stage set. This novelty was established as The Hollywood Palaces specialty and this opening transition broke the normal scheduled commercial time-slot breaks, with the commercial break occurring far into the shows first 15-minute segment. The folk-rock group We Five performed their hit You Were on My Mind within a few weeks of its release in 1965. During their 1964 appearance, the Rolling Stones were repeatedly ridiculed, before and after their performance of Muddy Waters I Just Want To Make Love To You, by host Dean Martin. The February 25,1967, edition featured the American television debut of the Beatles music videos for Penny Lane and Strawberry Fields Forever, introduced by guest host Van Johnson. The show, as well as all the ABCs Talmadge Main Lot programming, was televised in black and white until September 1965, the facility was the first color studio renovated by ABC Television on the West Coast, converted during The Hollywood Palaces summer hiatus. Given the orchestra plan, Welk drew a line on the right side of the plan, announcing. Exposure of the Knickerbocker Hotels electric sign atop the rear building, like The Ed Sullivan Show on CBS, all of the episodes of The Hollywood Palace were taped before a live audience, however, a laugh and applause track was also used for sweetening purposes. Storing these sliding floors required owning the property behind the theater building, moving the show to a Culver City sound stage was considered, but scuttled because of the expense. By the start of the 1969-1970 season, the ratings had slipped, bing Crosby hosted the final episode, sans audience, which consisted of clips from previous shows. On December 16,2004, a special titled Christmas at the Hollywood Palace was broadcast. It included performances by Crosby and 15 clips from past Christmas shows of the series and it also included interviews with Bings wife Kathryn Crosby, Bings children Harry and Mary Crosby, and Hollywood Palace producer Bill Harbach. The Hollywood Palace won one Emmy out of eight nominations, for James Trittipo for art direction in 1966 and that same year, the series earned nominations for variety series, arranging, costume design, and conducting
Hollywood Palace
–
Opening logo from Don Rickles/ Phyllis Diller Episode
32.
George Harrison
–
George Harrison, MBE was an English guitarist, singer, songwriter, and music and film producer who achieved international fame as the lead guitarist of the Beatles. Although most of the Beatles songs were written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and his songs for the group included Taxman, Within You Without You, While My Guitar Gently Weeps, Here Comes the Sun and Something, the last of which became the Beatles second-most covered song. Harrisons earliest musical influences included George Formby and Django Reinhardt, Carl Perkins, Chet Atkins and Chuck Berry were subsequent influences. By 1965 he had begun to lead the Beatles into folk rock through his interest in the Byrds and Bob Dylan, having initiated the bands embracing of Transcendental Meditation in 1967, he subsequently developed an association with the Hare Krishna movement. He also organised the 1971 Concert for Bangladesh with Indian musician Ravi Shankar, in his role as a music and film producer, Harrison produced acts signed to the Beatles Apple record label before founding Dark Horse Records in 1974 and co-founding HandMade Films in 1978. Harrison released several best-selling singles and albums as a solo performer, Rolling Stone magazine ranked him number 11 in their list of the 100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time. He is a two-time Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inductee – as a member of the Beatles in 1988, Harrisons first marriage, to model Pattie Boyd in 1966, ended in divorce in 1977. The following year he married Olivia Harrison, with whom he had one son, Harrison died in 2001, aged 58, from lung cancer. He was cremated and his ashes were scattered in the Ganges and Yamuna rivers in India and he left an estate of almost £100 million. Born in Liverpool, United Kingdom, on 25 February 1943, Harrison was the youngest of four children of Harold Hargreaves Harrison and he had one sister, Louise, and two brothers, Harry and Peter. His mother was an assistant from a Catholic family with Irish roots. His future wife, the model Pattie Boyd, described Harrisons parents as quite short, an enthusiastic music fan, she was known among friends for her loud singing voice, which at times startled visitors by rattling the Harrisons windows. While pregnant with George, she listened to the weekly broadcast Radio India. Harrisons biographer Joshua Greene wrote, Every Sunday she tuned in to mystical sounds evoked by sitars and tablas, hoping that the music would bring peace. Harrison was born and lived the first six years of his life at 12 Arnold Grove, Wavertree, Liverpool, the home had an outdoor toilet and its only heat came from a single coal fire. In 1949 the family were offered a house and moved to 25 Upton Green. In 1948, at the age of five, Harrison enrolled at Dovedale Primary School and he passed the eleven-plus exam and attended Liverpool Institute High School for Boys from 1954 to 1959. Though the institute did offer a course, Harrison was disappointed with the absence of guitars
George Harrison
–
Harrison at the
White House in 1974
George Harrison
–
Harrison's first home and place of birth –
12 Arnold Grove
George Harrison
–
Harrison at a press conference in the Netherlands in 1964
George Harrison
–
Harrison (third from left) with the other Beatles in New York City in 1964
33.
Paul McCartney
–
Sir James Paul McCartney, MBE is an English singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, and composer. With John Lennon, George Harrison, and Ringo Starr, he gained fame with the rock band the Beatles, largely considered the most popular. His songwriting partnership with Lennon is the most celebrated of the post-war era, after the bands break-up, he pursued a solo career and formed the band Wings with his first wife, Linda, and Denny Laine. McCartney has been recognised as one of the most successful composers and performers of all time, More than 2,200 artists have covered his Beatles song Yesterday, more than any other copyrighted song in history. Wings 1977 release Mull of Kintyre is one of the all-time best-selling singles in the UK.5 million RIAA-certified units in the United States. McCartney, Lennon, Harrison and Starr all received The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire in 1965, McCartney has released an extensive catalogue of songs as a solo artist and has composed classical and electronic music. He has taken part in projects to promote international charities related to subjects as animal rights, seal hunting, land mines, vegetarianism, poverty. He has married three times and is the father of five children, James Paul McCartney was born on 18 June 1942 in Walton Hospital, Liverpool, England, where his mother, Mary Patricia, had qualified to practise as a nurse. His father, James McCartney, was absent from his sons birth due to his work as a firefighter during World War II. Paul has one brother, Michael. Though the children were baptised in their mothers Catholic faith, their father was a former Protestant turned agnostic, McCartney attended Stockton Wood Road Primary School in Speke from 1947 until 1949, when he transferred to Joseph Williams Junior School in Belle Vale because of overcrowding at Stockton. In 1953, with three others out of ninety examinees, he passed the 11-Plus exam, meaning he could attend the Liverpool Institute. In 1954, he met schoolmate George Harrison on the bus from his home in Speke. The two quickly became friends, McCartney later admitted, I tended to talk down to him because he was a year younger. McCartneys mother Mary was a midwife and the primary wage earner, her earnings enabled them to move into 20 Forthlin Road in Allerton. She rode a bicycle to her patients, McCartney described an early memory of her leaving at about three in the morning streets, on 31 October 1956, when McCartney was fourteen, his mother died of an embolism. McCartneys loss later became a point of connection with John Lennon, whose mother, McCartneys father was a trumpet player and pianist, who had led Jim Macs Jazz Band in the 1920s. He kept a piano in the front room, encouraged his sons to be musical and advised Paul to take piano lessons
Paul McCartney
–
Paul McCartney in 2010
Paul McCartney
–
McCartney's former home,
20 Forthlin Road. The McCartney family moved into this address in 1955
Paul McCartney
–
McCartney (second from left) with Lennon, Harrison and Starr, 1964
Paul McCartney
–
Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band, "the most famous cover of any music album", wrote Beatles biographer
Bill Harry.
34.
Ringo Starr
–
Richard Starkey, MBE, known professionally as Ringo Starr, is an English musician, singer, songwriter and actor who gained worldwide fame as the drummer for the Beatles. He occasionally sang lead vocals, usually for one song on an album, including With a Little Help from My Friends, Yellow Submarine and their cover of Act Naturally. He also wrote the Beatles songs Dont Pass Me By and Octopuss Garden, Starr was twice afflicted by life-threatening illnesses during childhood, and as a result of prolonged hospitalisations fell behind in school. In 1955, he entered the workforce and briefly held a position with British Rail before securing an apprenticeship at a Liverpool equipment manufacturer, soon afterwards, he became interested in the UK skiffle craze, developing a fervent admiration for the genre. In 1957, he cofounded his first band, the Eddie Clayton Skiffle Group, when the Beatles formed in 1960, Starr was a member of another Liverpool group, Rory Storm and the Hurricanes. After achieving moderate success with that band in the UK and Hamburg, he quit the Hurricanes and joined the Beatles in August 1962, Starr played key roles in the Beatles films and appeared in numerous others. After the bands break-up in 1970, he released several singles including the US number four hit It Dont Come Easy. In 1972, he released his most successful UK single, Back Off Boogaloo and he achieved commercial and critical success with his 1973 album Ringo, which was a top ten release in both the UK and the US. He has been featured in a number of documentaries and hosted television shows, since 1989, he has toured with twelve variations of Ringo Starr & His All-Starr Band. Ringos popularity brought forth a new paradigm and we started to see the drummer as an equal participant in the compositional aspect. His parts are so signature to the songs that you can listen to a Ringo drum part without the rest of the music and he was inducted into the Modern Drummer Hall of Fame in 1998. In 2011, Rolling Stone readers named Starr the fifth-greatest drummer of all time. Starr, who was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a Beatle in 1988, was inducted for his solo career in 2015. Richard Starkey was born on 7 July 1940, at 9 Madryn Street, in Dingle and he is the only child of confectioners Elsie and Richard Starkey. Elsie enjoyed singing and dancing, a hobby that she shared with her husband, an avid fan of swing. Prior to the birth of their son, whom they nicknamed Ritchie, the couple had spent much of their time on the local ballroom circuit. Elsie adopted an approach to raising her son that bordered on fixation. Subsequently, Big Ritchie, as Starkeys father became known, lost interest in his family, choosing instead to spend hours drinking and dancing in pubs
Ringo Starr
–
In Sydney, Australia, February 2013
Ringo Starr
–
Starr's birthplace in Madryn Street, Dingle, Liverpool
Ringo Starr
–
Starr's childhood residence at
10 Admiral Grove, Dingle, Liverpool
Ringo Starr
–
The Beatles arrive at John F. Kennedy International Airport on 7 February 1964. Ringo is on the right.
35.
British Invasion
–
Pop and rock groups such as the Beatles, the Dave Clark Five, the Kinks, the Rolling Stones, Hermans Hermits, and the Animals were at the forefront of the invasion. The rebellious tone and image of US rock and roll and blues musicians became popular with British youth in the late 1950s, some observers have noted that US teenagers were growing tired of singles-oriented pop acts like Fabian. The Mods and Rockers, two gangs in mid-1960s Britain, also had an impact in British Invasion music. Bands with a Mod aesthetic became the most popular, but bands able to both were also successful. In October 1963, the first newspaper articles about the frenzy in England surrounding the group the Beatles appeared nationally in the US. The Beatles November 4 Royal Variety Performance in front of the Queen Mother sparked music industry, during November a number of major American print outlets and two network television evening programs published and broadcast stories on the phenomenon that became known as Beatlemania. On December 17 James had Miss Albert introduce I Want to Hold Your Hand live on the air, wWDCs phones lit up, and Washington, D. C. area record stores were flooded with requests for a record they did not have in stock. James sent the record to disc jockeys around the country sparking similar reaction. On December 26 Capitol Records released the three weeks ahead of schedule. The release of the record during a time when teenagers were on vacation helped spread Beatlemania in the US, on December 29 The Baltimore Sun, reflecting the dismissive view of most adults, editorialized, America had better take thought as to how it will deal with the invasion. Indeed a restrained Beatles go home might be just the thing, in the next year alone, the Beatles would have 30 different listings on the Hot 100. On January 3,1964, The Jack Paar Program ran Beatles concert footage licensed from the BBC as a joke, while this piece was largely forgotten, Beatles producer George Martin has said it aroused the kids curiosity. I Want to Hold Your Hand ascended to one on the January 25,1964, edition of Cash Box magazine. Two days later appeared on The Ed Sullivan Show. Nielsen Ratings estimated that 45 percent of US television viewers that night saw their appearance, according to Michael Ross, It is somewhat ironic that the biggest moment in the history of popular music was first experienced in the US as a television event. The Ed Sullivan Show had for some time been a comfortable hearth-and-slippers experience, not many of the 73 million viewers watching in February 1964 would fully understand what impact the band they were watching would have. The Beatles soon incited contrasting reactions and, in the process, generated more novelty records than anyone - at least 200 during their 1964-1965 takeover and many more later. Among the many reactions, favoring the hysteria, British girl group The Carefrees We Love You Beatles and, on Tuff Records, disapproving the pandemonium, American group the Four Preps A Letter to the Beatles and American comedian Allan Shermans Pop Hates the Beatles
British Invasion
–
The arrival of
the Beatles in the U.S., and subsequent appearance on
The Ed Sullivan Show, marked the start of the British Invasion.
36.
Dave Clark Five
–
The Dave Clark Five was an English pop rock group. Their single Glad All Over knocked the Beatles I Want to Hold Your Hand off the top of the UK Singles Chart in January 1964, over And Over was a number 1 single in the United States for the group in December 1965. They were the group of the British Invasion on The Ed Sullivan Show. For some time the Dave Clark Five was more popular in the US than in their native UK, the group disbanded in late 1970. On 10 March 2008, the band was inducted into the Rock, the band started out as the Dave Clark Quintet in 1957, with Clark on drums, Dave Sanford on lead guitar, Chris Walls on bass, Don Vale on piano. Mick Ryan replaced Johnson in 1958 and Jim Spencer joined on saxophone, Walls left in 1959 and Huxley became the bass player. Mike Smith joined on piano in 1960, and Lenny Davidson replaced Ryan in 1961, in 1962, the band changed its name to the Dave Clark Five when Saxon left. The group was Clark on drums, Huxley on bass, Smith on organ and lead vocals, originating in North London, the band was promoted as the vanguard of the Tottenham Sound, a response to the Mersey Beat stable managed by Brian Epstein. Songwriting credits went to Clark, Clark and Smith, Clark and Davidson and Clark, the Dave Clark Five had 17 records in the Top 40 of the US Billboard chart and 12 Top 40 hits in their native UK between 1964 and 1967. S. The Dave Clark Five was the first British band of the British Invasion to tour the US, after the success of the Beatles film A Hard Days Night in 1964, the band released their own film, Catch Us If You Can in 1965. It also starred Barbara Ferris, and was released in the United States as Having a Wild Weekend, the short film Hits in Action highlighted a series of Dave Clark Five hits. Other than the songs Inside and Out, Maze of Love and Live in the Sky, the DC5 disbanded in 1970, having placed three singles on the UK chart that year, two of which reached the Top Ten. In 1970, Davidson, Huxley and Payton left and Alan Parker and Eric Ford joined on lead guitar and this line-up, renamed Dave Clark & Friends, lasted until 1973. Between 1978 and 1993, none of their music was available to be purchased in any commercial format, in 1993, a single CD Glad All Over Again was produced by Dave himself and released by EMI in Britain. No DC5 material was legally available until 2008, when the Hits compilation was released by Universal Music in the UK. In 2009 selections from the catalogue were released on iTunes. Dave Clark was also the manager and producer of their recordings. Following the groups break-up, Clark set up a media company, in the process, he acquired the rights to the 1960s pop series Ready Steady Go
Dave Clark Five
–
Get Yourself a College Girl appearance, 1964. From left: Mike Smith, Lenny Davidson, Denis Payton, Rick Huxley, and Dave Clark.
37.
Ravi Shankar
–
Ravi Shankar, KBE, born Rabindra Shankar Chowdhury, his name often preceded by the title Pandit, was an Indian musician and a composer of Hindustani classical music. He was one of the exponents of the sitar in the second half of the 20th century. Shankar was born to a Bengali family in India, and spent his youth touring India and he gave up dancing in 1938 to study sitar playing under court musician Allauddin Khan. After finishing his studies in 1944, Shankar worked as a composer, creating the music for the Apu Trilogy by Satyajit Ray and his influence on the latter helped popularize the use of Indian instruments in pop music throughout the 1960s. Shankar engaged Western music by writing compositions for sitar and orchestra, from 1986 to 1992, he served as a nominated member of Rajya Sabha, the upper chamber of the Parliament of India. He continued to perform until the end of his life, in 1999, Shankar was awarded Indias highest civilian honour, the Bharat Ratna. Shankar was born on 7 April 1920 in Benares, British India, in a Bengali family and his father, Shyam Shankar, was a Middle Temple barrister and scholar from East Bengal. A respected statesman, lawyer and politician, he served for years as dewan of Jhalawar, Rajasthan. Shyam was married to Hemangini Devi who hailed from a village named Nasrathpur in Mardah block of Ghazipur district, near Benares. Shyam later worked as a lawyer in London, England, and there he married a second time while Devi raised Shankar in Benares, Shankar shortened the Sanskrit version of his first name, Ravindra, to Ravi, for sun. Shankar had six siblings, only four of whom lived past infancy, Uday, Shankar attended the Bengalitola High School in Benares between 1927 and 1928. At the age of ten, after spending his first decade in Benares, by the age of 13 he had become a member of the group, accompanied its members on tour and learned to dance and play various Indian instruments. Shankar was sporadically trained by Khan on tour, and Khan offered Shankar training to become a musician under the condition that he abandon touring. Shankars parents had died by the time he returned from the European tour, Shankar gave up his dancing career in 1938 to go to Maihar and study Indian classical music as Khans pupil, living with his family in the traditional gurukul system. He often studied with Khans children Ali Akbar Khan and Annapurna Devi, Shankar began to perform publicly on sitar in December 1939 and his debut performance was a jugalbandi with Ali Akbar Khan, who played the string instrument sarod. Shankar completed his training in 1944 and he moved to Mumbai and joined the Indian Peoples Theatre Association, for whom he composed music for ballets in 1945 and 1946. Shankar recomposed the music for the popular song Sare Jahan Se Achcha at the age of 25 and he began to record music for HMV India and worked as a music director for All India Radio, New Delhi, from February 1949 to January 1956. Shankar founded the Indian National Orchestra at AIR and composed for it, in his compositions he combined Western, beginning in the mid-1950s he composed the music for the Apu Trilogy by Satyajit Ray, which became internationally acclaimed
Ravi Shankar
–
Shankar at the Woodstock Festival in 1969
Ravi Shankar
Ravi Shankar
–
Tabla player
Alla Rakha, who was a frequent accompanist of Shankar, photographed in 1988
Ravi Shankar
–
George Harrison, US President
Gerald Ford, and Ravi Shankar in the Oval Office in December 1974
38.
Billy Van Zandt
–
William Billy Van Zandt is an American playwright and actor. Van Zandt was born in Red Bank, New Jersey, to Mary H. Lento and he is of Italian and Dutch descent He grew up in Middletown Township, New Jersey. Van Zandt is the half-brother of musician/actor Steven Van Zandt and brother-in-law of Stevens wife, Billy married actress Adrienne Barbeau on December 31,1992. The couple met in 1991 during the West Coast premiere of Billys play Drop Dead and they have twin sons, William and Walker. He also wrote The Property Known as Garland for Adrienne Barbeau and he is currently tours in the Off-Broadway hit Youve Got Hate Mail which ran at the Triad Theater from 2010-2015 as well as his newest play The Man*O*Pause Boys. Suitehearts Lie, Cheat, and Genuflect Having a Wonderful Time, Wish You Were Her Playing Doctor A Little Quickie Drop Dead. world premieres of the Billy Van Zandt and Jane Milmore comedies take place every May and June in New Jersey. Newhart Anything But Love Nurses I Love Lucy, The Very First Show Sydney Martin Daddy Dearest The Wayans Bros
Billy Van Zandt
–
Billy Van Zandt, 2006, NYC
39.
Adrienne Barbeau
–
Adrienne Jo Barbeau is an American actress and the author of three books. Barbeau came to prominence in the 1970s as Broadways original Rizzo in the musical Grease, and as Carol Traynor, the divorced daughter of Maude Findlay in the sitcom Maude. In the 1970s and 1980s, Barbeau was a sex symbol, and in 1980 began starring in horror and science fiction films, including The Fog, Creepshow, Swamp Thing, and Escape from New York. During the 1990s, she became known for providing the voice of Catwoman on Batman, The Animated Series, in the 2000s, she appeared in the HBO series Carnivàle as Ruthie the snake dancer. Barbeau was born and raised in Sacramento, California, in 1945, the daughter of Armene and Joseph Barbeau and her mother was of Armenian descent and her fathers ancestry included French-Canadian, Irish, and German. She has a sister, Jocelyn, and a brother on her fathers side, Robert Barbeau. She attended Del Mar High School in San Jose, California, in her autobiography, Barbeau says that she first caught the show business bug while entertaining troops at army bases throughout Southeast Asia, touring with the San Jose Civic Light Opera. In the late 1960s, Barbeau moved to New York City and she made her Broadway debut in the chorus of Fiddler on the Roof, and later took the role of Hodel, Tevyes daughter, Bette Midler played her characters sister. She left Fiddler in 1971 to play the role of Cookie Kovac in the off-Broadway nudie musical Stag Movie. They may not be sexy but they certainly keep cheerful, wrote The New York Times theater critic Clive Barnes in a negative review. Barbeau went on to star in more than 25 musicals and plays, including Women Behind Bars, The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas and she received a Theater World Award and a 1972 Tony Award nomination for her portrayal of tough-girl Rizzo in Grease. During the 1970s, Barbeau starred as Carol Traynor, the daughter of Bea Arthurs title character in the comedy series Maude, which ran from 1972 to 1978. In her autobiography, There Are Worse Things I Could Do, Barbeau remarked, What I didnt know is that when I said I was usually walking down a flight of stairs and they were just watching my breasts precede me. During the last season of Maude, Barbeau did not appear in the majority of the episodes. In a 2009 Entertainment Tonight TV interview, Barbeau mentioned that she had good on- and off-camera chemistry with Arthur, Barbeau and Arthur reunited on camera during a 2007 taping of The View, reminiscing about their long-running friendship and their years as co-stars on Maude. Regarding the character of Maude, Barbeau has said, Thousands of people came up to me and said, Ive got an aunt whos just like Maude, I think many, many people related to Beas character, in that way. There were others who found her too abrasive who didnt like the character, and you know, where we can be as good as weve been. For more than 35 years, until Arthurs death in 2009, she and Barbeau continued to be good friends, the death of Arthurs mother in 1986 drew her and Barbeau even closer
Adrienne Barbeau
–
Barbeau in June 2011
40.
The Turtles
–
The Turtles are an American rock band led by vocalists Howard Kaylan and Mark Volman. The band had several Top 40 hits beginning with their version of Bob Dylans It Aint Me Babe in 1965. They scored their biggest and best-known hit in 1967 with the song Happy Together, the band broke up in 1970. Kaylan and Volman later found long-lasting success as musicians, billed as the comedic vocal duo Flo & Eddie. In 2010, a version of the band, the Turtles Featuring Flo & Eddie. With the help of KRLA and KFWB DJ and club owner Reb Foster, adhering to the prevailing musical trend, they rebranded themselves as a folk rock group under the name the Tyrtles, an intentionally stylized misspelling inspired by the Byrds and the Beatles. However, the trendy spelling did not survive long, as with the Byrds, the Turtles achieved breakthrough success with a cover of a Bob Dylan song. It Aint Me Babe reached the Billboard Top Ten in the summer of 1965. Their second single, Let Me Be, reached the top 30, while their third hit, You Baby, one single, the tough Outside Chance, written by Warren Zevon and featuring guitar work in the style of the Beatles Taxman, didnt chart at all. In 1966, the Turtles made an appearance in Universals beach party spy spoof film Out of Sight, at the start of 1966 drummer Don Murray and bassist Chuck Portz quit the group. They were replaced by Joel Larson and then John Barbata on drums, the first of several key Turtles singles co-written by Garry Bonner and Alan Gordon, Happy Together, had already been rejected by countless performers. Happy Together, both their biggest hit and their song, signaled a turning point for both the Turtles and for Chip Douglas, who provided the arrangement. The single replaced the Beatles Penny Lane at number one on the Billboard Hot 100 in the spring of 1967, the Turtles only No.1 remained there for three weeks. An album of the name followed and peaked at No.25. Happy Together reached #12 on the UK singles chart and this same year saw the Turtles performing the title song for the Twentieth Century-Fox bedroom farce A Guide for the Married Man. Douglas accepted and left the Turtles and he was replaced by Jim Pons on bass. 1967 proved to be the Turtles most successful year on the music charts, shed Rather Be with Me reached number 3 on the US charts in late spring and actually out-charted Happy Together overseas, reaching #4 in the UK. Two successive Top 15 songs followed, You Know What I Mean, both 45s signaled a certain shift in the band’s style
The Turtles
–
The cover of "Happy Together"
The Turtles
–
The Turtles in 1967 (left to right): Al Nichol,
Chip Douglas,
John Barbata,
Mark Volman, Jim Tucker,
Howard Kaylan.
41.
Happy Together (song)
–
Happy Together is a 1967 song from the Turtles album of the same name. Released as a single in February 1967, the song knocked The Beatles Penny Lane out of the number one slot for three weeks on the Billboard Hot 100 and it was the groups only chart-topper in the United States. The song had been rejected a dozen times before it was offered to the Turtles, the song is in the key of F-sharp minor, with the chorus in F-sharp major. The song ends on a Picardy third, the original song was featured in one of the trailers for the 2013 film The Great Gatsby. The song appeared in the Bride of Hannibal promo for the season of Hannibal. The song was used in 1980s Golden Grahams adverts, in 1999, the song was used for a Super Smash Bros. advert where Mario, Donkey Kong, Pikachu, and Yoshi suddenly start fighting in a field of flowers. In New Zealand, Toyota used the song for its promotion of the Toyota Rav4 in 2006, in 2009, Ford used the song in Brazil for the promotion of Ford Focus. However, the Ford commercial featured its employees singing the song while they designed and manufactured the car rather than the version of the song. Since the early 2010s, the song has been a feature of Mexican Airline AeroMéxico commercials, in 2013, the song was used in the Dead Rising 3 video game commercial. In 2015, the song was covered in advertisements for the Plenti card, in November 2015, Coca-Cola featured the song from the commercial in the Philippines using their revised version. In January 2017, the song is played in the background of a Tim Hortons commercial, Happy Together is the official song of football club Melbourne City FC. G. Sheppard, Tahiti 80, Filter, Flobots, Tally Hall, Johnny Panic, frank Alamo covered the song in 1967 in a French version entitled Heureux Tous Les Deux. There is also a Spanish cover, sung by Roberto Jordán, frank Zappas performance on Fillmore East – June 1971 included Turtles vocalists Howard Kaylan and Mark Volman and bassist Jim Pons. Kaylan and Volman also did a remake of the song for the last Flo & Eddie album Rock Steady with Flo & Eddie. Hugo Montenegros cover version was released as a single in 1969, the song has been covered by B. E. Taylor for his album, Love Never Fails. The song has also sung by the Red Army Choir. In 2007 the song was used as a sample on the song Ooh Ooh Baby from Britney Spears album Blackout, on May 5,2011, it was sung in a group performance by the top 5 contestants on the shows tenth season. On January 21,2015, the song was featured on the TV series Stalker arranged and performed by the band SPiN
Happy Together (song)
–
7" French release
Happy Together (song)
–
The Turtles performing "Happy Together", on
The Ed Sullivan Show, May 14, 1967.
42.
Jersey Shore
–
The Jersey Shore is the coastal region of the state of New Jersey. Geographically, the term encompasses about 141 miles of oceanfront from Perth Amboy in the north to Cape May Point in the south, the Jersey Shore area includes Middlesex, Monmouth, Atlantic County, Cape May, and Ocean counties. Many New Jersey residents refer to it as The Shore, a common phrase within New Jersey is to go down the shore, or to have done something down the shore. Certain communities are popular with visitors from the nearby Canadian provinces of Quebec. The Jersey Shore is lined with over 40 communities, each with a different character, some cater to summer tourists and visitors, others are completely full-year residential communities, others still are a mix of both. Below are some of the most notable shore points, the two towns that make up The Amboys are Perth Amboy and South Amboy. Perth Amboys history dates back to 1651 when August Herman bought a point of land from the Lenni Lenape Native Americans, the land, which was called Ompoge by the Indians, gradually changed its name to Emboyle, then Amboyle. When the city was incorporated in 1683, settlers began to call the land Ambo or Amboy Point, the name means place resembling a bowl. In 1686, when the settlement became the capital of East Jersey, Perth was added to the name in honor of one of the Proprietors under the Royal grant, the James Drummond, 1st Duke of Perth. Keansburg is one of the most tourism-oriented towns along the Raritan Bayshore region, Keansburg is home to the Keansburg Amusement Park, Keansburg is also home to a small boardwalk that runs along the Raritan Bay, sometimes offering views of the New York City skyline. Many boaters utilize Keyports marinas that give access to fishing, crabbing. The New York City skyline can be seen from the boroughs ridges, pleasure, fishing and commuter boats sail from its harbor. The municipal harbor was built from 1938 through 1940 with municipal, state and it is the largest on the East Coast, home to 715 craft, including high-speed ferry service to New York City, which was introduced in 1986. In 1966, the Central Railroad of New Jersey pier was destroyed by fire and its rail route is now used by the Henry Hudson Trail. Sandy Hook is a long, narrow peninsula managed by the National Park Service as the a unit of the Gateway National Recreation Area, the eastern shoreline consists of various public and fishing beaches, including North Beach and Gunnison Beach. The peninsulas ocean-facing beaches are considered among the finest in New Jersey and are a destination for recreation in summer when seasonal ferries bring beachgoers. Gunnison Beach is one of the largest clothing optional beaches on the East Coast, the northern end of the island is home to the Sandy Hook Lighthouse, the Marine Academy of Science and Technology, and restored buildings of the former Fort Hancock Coast Guard Station. Spread across the peninsula are former military installations, including four ammunitions bunkers, Red Bank, overlooking the Navesink River, is a noted social and commercial destination, filled with boutiques, designer clothing and home stores, parks, and restaurants
Jersey Shore
–
Wildwood, New Jersey at night, 2008
Jersey Shore
–
The beach in
Spring Lake, New Jersey at 7 AM. Spring Lake is one of the most upscale Jersey Shore towns.
Jersey Shore
–
The boardwalk in Keansburg Amusement Park
Jersey Shore
–
Sandy Hook Light
43.
The Dovells
–
The Dovells were an American music group, formed at Overbrook High School in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in 1957, under the name The Brooktones. The members were Arnie Silver, Len Borisoff, Jerry Gross, Mike Freda and their first single No, No, No was a local hit for The Brooktones. Gross left the group in 1959 to form the group The Gems with Jerry Gross, Mark Stevens, Mike Freda, Warren Purdy, and Roland Scarinci. The remaining Brooktones signed to Parkway Records in 1960 and added Jerry Sirlen and William Shunkwiler to the group, while rehearsing Out in the Cold Again, which turned out to be the B-side of Bristol Stomp, Len called Jerry and asked for help with the harmonies. After 2 days of trying, Len asked Jerry to be part of the group, Sirlen and Shunkwiler were replaced by Gross and Freda. Mark went on to start his own group Tony & the Raindrops, Warren Purdy went to work for the Boeing Corp. Roland Scarinci enlisted in The Marine Corps then went on to work for AT&T, the Dovells at that point were Barry, Gross, Silver, Mealey, and Freda, which went on to record many hit records, starting with the Bristol Stomp. Mealey left the group in 62 for personal reasons, but still did some recordings with them, the Dovells first national hit was Bristol Stomp, a dance song. This was followed by the similar hit Do the New Continental, Bristol Stomp sold over one million copies, and was awarded a gold disc. They appeared performing songs in the Chubby Checker movie Dont Knock The Twist in 1961. They released a series of singles over the few years. These included You Cant Sit Down, a top hit on the Billboard Hot 100 in 1963, Len left at the end of 1963 for a solo career under the name Len Barry. The high point of his career was the Top 5 smash 1-2-3 in 1965. The Dovells released If You Wanna Be Happy on the album You Cant Sit Down in 1963, the song was previously released by Jimmy Soul earlier that year and based on the song Ugly Woman by Roaring Lion. The Dovells continued as a trio, and recorded as The Magistrates for MGM in 1968, as the Magistrates, they recorded the chart hit Here Comes the Judge, taking advantage of the popularity of the skit on the TV show Laugh-In. Jerry & Mike wrote and produced the song, added the voice of Jean Yost. Freda left to do his own thing in 1969, the Dovells went on to be a big hit, in Las Vegas and the Night Club circuit around the country, doing over 300 shows a year. In 1975, Arnie was tired of being on the road, Gross and Stevens went on as a duo to great reviews for their music and comedy, and continue to perform to this day
The Dovells
–
The Dovells in 1962.
44.
Dick Clark
–
Richard Augustus Wagstaff Dick Clark Jr. was an American radio and television personality, as well as a cultural icon who remains best known for hosting American Bandstand from 1957 to 1987. He also hosted the game show Pyramid and Dick Clarks New Years Rockin Eve, Clark was also well known for his trademark sign-off, For now, Dick Clark — so long. As host of American Bandstand, Clark introduced rock & roll to many Americans, the show gave many new music artists their first exposure to national audiences, including Ike and Tina Turner, Smokey Robinson and the Miracles, Stevie Wonder, Talking Heads and Simon & Garfunkel. Episodes he hosted were among the first in which blacks and whites performed on the same stage, singer Paul Anka claimed that Bandstand was responsible for creating a youth culture. Due to his youthful appearance and his fame as the host of American Bandstand. In his capacity as a businessman, Clark served as Chief Executive Officer of Dick Clark Productions and he also founded the American Bandstand Diner, a restaurant chain modeled after the Hard Rock Cafe. In 1973, he created and produced the annual American Music Awards show, Clark suffered a stroke in December 2004. With speech ability still impaired, Clark returned to his New Years Rockin Eve show a year later on December 31,2005, subsequently, he appeared at the 58th Primetime Emmy Awards in 2006, and every New Years Rockin Eve show through the 2011–12 show. Clark died on April 18,2012 of an attack at the age of 82 following a medical procedure. Clark was born and raised in Mount Vernon, New York, to Richard Augustus Clark and his only sibling, older brother Bradley, was killed in the Battle of the Bulge during World War II. Clark attended A. B. Davis High School in Mount Vernon, at age 10, Clark decided to pursue a career in radio. In pursuit of that goal, he attended Syracuse University in Syracuse, New York, graduating in 1951 with a degree in advertising, while at Syracuse, he was a member of Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity. In 1945, Clark began his working in the mailroom at WRUN, an AM radio station in Rome, New York. Almost immediately, he was asked to fill in for the vacationing weatherman, while attending Syracuse, Clark worked at WOLF-AM, then a country music station. After graduation, he returned to WRUN for a time where he went by the name Dick Clay. After that, Clark got a job at the television station WKTV in Utica and his first television-hosting job was on Cactus Dick and the Santa Fe Riders, a country-music program. He would later replace Robert Earle as a newscaster, Clark was principal in pro broadcasters operator of 1440 KPRO in Riverside, California, from 1962 to 1982. In the 1960s, he was owner of KGUD AM/FM in Santa Barbara, in 1952, Clark moved to Drexel Hill, Pennsylvania, a suburb of Philadelphia, where he took a job as a disc jockey at radio station WFIL, adopting the Dick Clark handle
Dick Clark
–
Dick Clark in 1961
Dick Clark
–
Dick Clark as host of The $10,000 Pyramid
Dick Clark
–
Photo of Clark in 1963. His ABC radio show was called "Dick Clark Reports".
Dick Clark
–
Dick Clark's AB Grill in
Branson, Missouri (November 2007)
45.
Southside Johnny and the Asbury Jukes
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Southside Johnny and the Asbury Jukes are a Jersey Shore musical group led by Southside Johnny. They have been recording albums since 1976 and are associated with Bruce Springsteen & the E Street Band. They have recorded and/or performed several Springsteen songs, including The Fever, Springsteen has also performed with the band on numerous occasions and in 1991 guested on their Better Days album. The bands horn section – the Miami Horns – has also toured and recorded with Springsteen, more than one hundred musicians can claim to have been members of the Asbury Jukes, including Jon Bon Jovi who toured with the band as a special guest during 1990. Bon Jovi has also cited the band as an influence and Jukes Bobby Bandiera, Southside Johnny and Steve Van Zandt, the two prime movers behind the formation of the Jukes, began playing together in various bands during the early 1970s. Amongst the earliest of these bands was Funky Dusty & The Soul Broom, the same quartet also acted as backing band for a local folksinger Jeannie Clark. At the time Van Zandt was also a member of Steel Mill while Southside had just left one of his formative bands, next came Steve Van Zandt & Friends, a January 1971 band that also included Springsteen, Tallent, Williams, and Danny Federici. By February 1971 Van Zandt and Southside, together with Tallent, in March 1971, Van Zandt and Southside also featured in a short-lived Springsteen band, The Friendly Enemies. The highlight of their existence was opening for The Allman Brothers. Other members of band included Tallent, Sancious, Williams. In April 1971, Van Zandt and Southside also began co-leading The Sundance Blues Band, a group whose line-up would also feature Springsteen, Lopez, Tallent, and Sancious. In May 1971, Springsteen also recruited all the members of The Sundance Blues Band to play in his very short-lived band, among the many musicians to play with this group was Kevin Kavanagh, a future Juke. Kavanagh grew up in Middletown, New Jersey and was a friend of Van Zandt. They had also played together in a band called The Shadows, from July 1971, Van Zandt, Lopez, Tallent, and Sancious also began backing Springsteen as The Bruce Springsteen Band and they would eventually evolve into The E Street Band. Southside would also play with this band. 1972 would prove to be active year for Van Zandt. It was this band that evolved into the Asbury Jukes. The original BBB had been playing together since 1968 and by 1974 featured a line-up of Paul Green, Paul Dickler, David Meyers and they had established themselves as the house band at a new club, The Stone Pony
Southside Johnny and the Asbury Jukes
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Southside Johnny & the Asbury Jukes
46.
The Howard Stern Show
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The Howard Stern Show is an American talk radio show hosted by Howard Stern. It gained wide recognition when it was syndicated on terrestrial radio from 1986 to 2005. The show has been exclusive to Sirius XM Radio, a satellite radio service, since 2006. Other prominent staff members include co-host and news anchor Robin Quivers, writer Fred Norris, the show developed in 1979 when Stern landed his first morning shift at WCCC in Hartford, Connecticut, four years into his professional radio career. He continued to break out as a morning personality at WWWW in Detroit, Michigan in 1980, in 1982, Sterns success in Washington led to a spot at WNBC in New York City, where he hosted the citys top afternoon show until his firing in 1985. In the New York area, the show was the morning program consecutively between 1994 and 2001. A total of $2.5 million in fines were issued to station licensees that carried the show by the Federal Communications Commission, following Sterns contract with Sirius in 2004, the show left terrestrial radio in December 2005. Since 1994, the show has been taped and broadcast on networks, including E. CBS, and HowardTV. An upcoming audio and video streaming app is currently in development, Stern landed his first professional radio job while at Boston University, performing on-air skits, news casting and production duties at WNTN in Newton, Massachusetts from August to December 1975. After his graduation, Stern landed some cover shifts in December 1976 at WRNW and he produced more creative commercials by calling the owners of businesses on the air, which he wrote was mind-blowing to everyone there. In 1979, Stern responded to an advertisement for a wild, fun morning guy at WCCC, rock station in Hartford and he produced a more outrageous audition tape, playing Robert Klein and Cheech and Chong records mixed with flatulence routines and one-liners. He was hired for the job, his first in a radio market. As the stations public affairs director, Stern also hosted an interview show on Sunday mornings. He would ask more unusual type questions to his guests, such as their dating habits, Stern held a two-day boycott of Shell Oil Company during the summer of the 1979 energy crisis, which made Stern and the station make national news. Stern also began his Dial-a-Date routines at WCCC, and met Fred Norris, Norris would join the show as Sterns writer and producer in 1981. After Stern left WCCC for being denied a raise in salary, he began a new morning shift at WWWW, a struggling rock outlet in Detroit, Michigan on April 21,1980. He learned to become more open on the air and decided to cut down the barriers. strip down all the ego. and be totally honest. I still sounded like an FM announcer. Stern held an event and wrestled women outside the studios, and invited listeners to confess the most outrageous places where they had sex
The Howard Stern Show
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2006 promotional image.
The Howard Stern Show
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While at Boston University, Stern worked at WTBU and worked his first professional radio job in 1975.
The Howard Stern Show
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Jackie "The Joke Man" Martling served as the show's head writer from 1983 to 2001.
The Howard Stern Show
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Stern dressed in a military-style uniform to mock Cleveland rival
WMMS and its philosophy of "going to war" with competing stations.
47.
Tenth Avenue Freeze-Out
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Tenth Avenue Freeze-Out is the second song on Bruce Springsteens breakthrough album Born to Run, released in 1975. The song tells the story of the formation of the E Street Band, however, when asked, most Springsteen fans cannot answer the question, What is a Tenth Avenue Freeze-Out. The meaning of the phrase is still a mystery, even Springsteen himself says, laughing, in the Born to Run documentary Wings for Wheels, The Making of Born to Run, I still have no idea what it means. The songs protagonist, Bad Scooter, is a pseudonym for Springsteen himself, in the third verse, Big Man joined the band refers to the now deceased Clarence Clemons, the bands long-time saxophonist. As stated by Springsteen in the Wings for Wheels documentary, the idea for the composition of the intro was Steven Van Zandts. Despite all of this, the single was a chart dud, however, it has always had a strong following on album-oriented rock radio and amongst Springsteens fan base. S. A. Tour, with one of the latter documented on the later Live/1975–85, and it then returned with a featured regular spot on the 1999–2000 Reunion Tour, often used as an introduction of the band. A slower version of song was played during the Born to Run tours. After Clemons death, Springsteen used the song as a memorial/tribute to both him and the late Danny Federici on the Wrecking Ball Tour, the first E Street Band tour without Clemons. On the High Hopes and River 2016 tours, Springsteen removed the pause from performances of the song, official lyrics What is a Tenth Avenue Freeze-Out. Extrageographic Magazine Springsteen, Bruce Philadelphia 12-31-1975
Tenth Avenue Freeze-Out
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"Tenth Avenue Freeze-Out"
Tenth Avenue Freeze-Out
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In
Belmar, New Jersey – the town from which the E Street Band took its name – an ice cream stand is named after the song.
48.
Wings For Wheels
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Born to Run is the third studio album by American singer-songwriter Bruce Springsteen. As his effort to break into the mainstream, the album was a commercial success, two singles were released from the album, Born to Run and Tenth Avenue Freeze-Out, the first helped Springsteen to reach mainstream popularity. The tracks Thunder Road and Jungleland became staples of album-oriented rock radio, Born to Run garnered widespread acclaim when it was first released on August 25,1975, by Columbia Records. It has since been considered by critics to be one of the greatest albums in popular music, on November 14,2005, a 30th Anniversary remaster of the album was released as a box set including two DVDs, a production diary film and a concert movie. It was later released in remastered form as a disc as well. Springsteen began work on the album in May 1974, given an enormous budget in a last-ditch effort at a commercially viable record, Springsteen became bogged down in the recording process while striving for a wall of sound production. But, fed by the release of a mix of Born to Run to nearly a dozen radio stations. Springsteen has noted a progression in his songwriting compared to his previous work, Springsteen has also referred to a maturation in his lyrics, calling Born to Run the album where I left behind my adolescent definitions of love and freedom—it was the dividing line. In addition, Springsteen spent more time in the studio refining songs than he had on the two albums. All in all, the album more than 14 months to record. During this time Springsteen battled with anger and frustration over the album, during the process, Springsteen brought in Jon Landau to help with production. This was the beginning of the breakup of Springsteens relationship with producer and manager Mike Appel, the album was Springsteens first to feature pianist Roy Bittan and drummer Max Weinberg. The album is noted for its use of introductions to set the tone of each song, indeed, Springsteen has said that he wanted Born to Run to sound like Roy Orbison singing Bob Dylan, produced by Spector. Most of the tracks were first recorded with a rhythm section band comprising Springsteen, Weinberg, Bittan. Also, original pressings have Meeting Across the River billed as The Heist, the original album cover has the title printed in a graffiti style font. These copies, known as the cover, are very rare. With much publicity, Born to Run vaulted into the top 10 in its second week on the charts, the question of hype became a story in itself as critics began wondering if Springsteen was for real or the product of record company promotion. Upset with Columbias promotion department, Springsteen said the decision to him as the future of rock was a very big mistake
Wings For Wheels
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Born to Run
Wings For Wheels
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Cover of the
Sesame Street album Born to Add, one of many imitations of the Springsteen cover pose. The album features tracks by "Bruce Stringbean and the S. Street Band"
49.
Born to Run (song)
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Born to Run is a song by American singer songwriter Bruce Springsteen, and the title song of his album Born to Run. Upon its release, music critic Robert Christgau took note of its wall of sound influence and called it the fulfillment of everything Be My Baby was about and lots more. The song ranked number 21 on the Rolling Stone list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time and is included in The Rock and Roll Hall of Fames 500 Songs that Shaped Rock and Roll. Written at 7½ West End Court in Long Branch, New Jersey in early 1974, the prior year, Springsteen had released two albums to critical acclaim but with little commercial movement. Written in the first person, the song is a letter to a girl named Wendy, for whom the hot-rod-riding protagonist seems to possess the passion to love. However, Springsteen has noted that it has a much simpler core, U. S. Route 9 is mentioned from the lyric sprung from cages out on Highway 9. The song was recorded in the key of E major, in the period prior to the release of Born to Run Springsteen was becoming well-known for his epic live shows. Born to Run joined his concert repertoire well before the release of the album, being performed in concert by May 1974, if not earlier. The first recording of the song was made by Allan Clarke of the British group The Hollies, although its release was delayed, in recording the song Springsteen first earned his noted reputation for perfectionism, laying down as many as eleven guitar tracks to get the sound just right. The recording process and alternate ideas for the arrangement are described in the Wings For Wheels documentary DVD included in the 2005 reissue Born to Run 30th Anniversary Edition package. Future record executive Jimmy Iovine engineered the majority of the sessions and it immediately became quite popular on these stations, and led to cuts from Springsteens first two albums being frequently played as well as building anticipation for the album release. No music video was made for the release of Born to Run. In 1987, a video was released to MTV and other channels, featuring a performance of Born to Run from Springsteen. Tour, interspersed with clips of other performances from the same tour. It closed with a Thank you message to Springsteens fans, in 1988, director Meiert Avis shot a video of an acoustic version of the song during the Tunnel of Love Express tour. Both videos are included in the compilations Video Anthology / 1978-88, in 2016, Born to Run was ranked #16 in Pitchforks list of The 200 Best Songs of the 1970s In 2004, the song was ranked #6 in WXPNs list of The 885 All-Time Greatest Songs. Rolling Stone magazines list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time placed it at #21, the song came in at #920 in Qs list of the 1001 Greatest Songs Ever in 2003, in which they described the song as best for working class heroes. It is one of The Rock and Roll Hall of Fames 500 Songs that Shaped Rock, in 2001, the RIAAs Songs of the Century placed the song 135th
Born to Run (song)
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"Born to Run"
Born to Run (song)
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House lights on for a typical performance of "Born to Run".
Hartford Civic Center, October 2, 2007.
Born to Run (song)
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"Born to Run" in its home state of New Jersey.
Izod Center, May 21, 2009.
50.
Born to Run tours
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Born to Run was Bruce Springsteens last, best hope for fortune and fame. Before, during, and immediately after the commercially successful release, he toured again. Financial success was short-lived, however, as he was plunged into legal battles with his former manager. Again he toured to make a living, long after the period of playing in connection with an albums release was over. From 1974 through 1977, these outings are collectively the Born to Run tours, during 1974, as in previous years, Springsteen was touring almost all the time. He had written the song Born to Run early in the year, early versions of album futures Shes the One and Jungleland were beginning to appear in set lists. But several events crystallized in the summer of 1974. Springsteen played his last ever gig as an act on August 3, after that. On August 14, he played his last show with David Sancious and this was clearly a new beginning of sorts, and can denote the first of the Born to Run tours. Violinist and stage foil Suki Lahav joined the band on October 4 and it was also frequently bootlegged soon thereafter, beginning a pattern that would extend for much of Springsteens career. This tour came to a close on March 9,1975 after two shows in Washington, D. C. s Constitution Hall. It is thought that Steven Van Zandt appeared in shows, but in any case it was the last appearances of Suki Lahav, who moved back to Israel soon thereafter. The Born to Run Tour proper began more than a month ahead of the release date, on July 20,1975 at the Palace Theatre in Providence. Van Zandt was now a member of the band. Tenth Avenue Freeze-Out made its first appearance, but the shows were still dominated by older material, playing mostly the Northeast, by early August Backstreets itself had appeared. A prolific songwriter at the time, other Springsteen originals would appear, be played for a while, then disappear, beginning on August 13 was a key 5-night stand at New York Citys The Bottom Line club. Columbia Records had put up posters of Springsteen around the city, the audience was heavy press and music industry types. By October 27 the publicity push had reached its climax and Springsteen was on the covers of both Time and Newsweek and this tour ended with a New Years Eve 1975 show at the Tower Theatre in Philadelphia
Born to Run tours
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Born to Run Tours
