San Francisco
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San Francisco, officially the City and County of San Francisco, is the cultural, commercial, and financial center of Northern California. It is the birthplace of the United Nations, the California Gold Rush of 1849 brought rapid growth, making it the largest city on the West Coast at the time. San Francisco became a consolidated city-county in 1856, after three-quarters of the city was destroyed by the 1906 earthquake and fire, San Francisco was quickly rebuilt, hosting the Panama-Pacific International Exposition nine years later. In World War II, San Francisco was a port of embarkation for service members shipping out to the Pacific Theater. Politically, the city votes strongly along liberal Democratic Party lines, San Francisco is also the headquarters of five major banking institutions and various other companies such as Levi Strauss & Co. Dolby, Airbnb, Weebly, Pacific Gas and Electric Company, Yelp, Pinterest, Twitter, Uber, Lyft, Mozilla, Wikimedia Foundation, as of 2016, San Fra
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Francis Samuel Marryat, Hilltop of San Francisco, California, Looking toward the Bay, 1849. M.& N. Hanhart Chromolithograph
California
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California is the most populous state in the United States and the third most extensive by area. Located on the western coast of the U. S, California is bordered by the other U. S. states of Oregon, Nevada, and Arizona and shares an international border with the Mexican state of Baja California. Los Angeles is Californias most populous city, and the second largest after New York City. The Los Angeles Area and the San Francisco Bay Area are the nations second- and fifth-most populous urban regions, California also has the nations most populous county, Los Angeles County, and its largest county by area, San Bernardino County. The Central Valley, an agricultural area, dominates the states center. What is now California was first settled by various Native American tribes before being explored by a number of European expeditions during the 16th and 17th centuries, the Spanish Empire then claimed it as part of Alta California in their New Spain colony. The area became a part of Mexico in 182
Geographic coordinate system
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A geographic coordinate system is a coordinate system used in geography that enables every location on Earth to be specified by a set of numbers, letters or symbols. The coordinates are chosen such that one of the numbers represents a vertical position. A common choice of coordinates is latitude, longitude and elevation, to specify a location on a two-dimensional map requires a map projection. The invention of a coordinate system is generally credited to Eratosthenes of Cyrene. Ptolemy credited him with the adoption of longitude and latitude. Ptolemys 2nd-century Geography used the prime meridian but measured latitude from the equator instead. Mathematical cartography resumed in Europe following Maximus Planudes recovery of Ptolemys text a little before 1300, in 1884, the United States hosted the International Meridian Conference, attended by representatives from twenty-five nations. Twenty-two of them agreed to adopt the longitude of the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, the Dominican R
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Longitude lines are perpendicular and latitude lines are parallel to the equator.
Stockton Street (San Francisco)
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Stockton Street is a north-south street in San Francisco. It begins at Market Street passing Union Square, a shopping district in the city. In Chinatown, Stockton is the main shopping and business street. The stores also offer live seafood and dried herbs, some shops located on Stockton Street include the Hop Hing Ginseng Company, the Kowloon Market, the Luen Sing Fish Market, Louies Produce, and Fruit City. In the annual Stockton Street market, vendors have been permitted since 2012 to set up stands during the two weeks before Chinese New Year. In this area, Stockton Street is dominated by buildings that are three to four stories high, with shops on the ground floor and residential apartments upstairs. The San Francisco Chronicle has called the section of Stockton Street between Sacramento and Broadway San Francisco’s most interesting street, it’s crowded, untidy, dirty, usually noisy. The completion of the Central Subway is anticipated to bring changes to the streets character. In th
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Stockton Street in Chinatown, seen from
Broadway, with two Muni trolleybuses, and the mound of the Stockton tunnel in the far background.
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Numbered streets
Tunnel
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A tunnel is an underground passageway, dug through the surrounding soil/earth/rock and enclosed except for entrance and exit, commonly at each end. A pipeline is not a tunnel, though some recent tunnels have used immersed tube construction techniques rather than traditional tunnel boring methods, a tunnel may be for foot or vehicular road traffic, for rail traffic, or for a canal. The central portions of a transit network are usually in tunnel. Some tunnels are aqueducts to supply water for consumption or for hydroelectric stations or are sewers, utility tunnels are used for routing steam, chilled water, electrical power or telecommunication cables, as well as connecting buildings for convenient passage of people and equipment. Secret tunnels are built for military purposes, or by civilians for smuggling of weapons, contraband, special tunnels, such as wildlife crossings, are built to allow wildlife to cross human-made barriers safely. A tunnel is relatively long and narrow, the length
Nob Hill
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Nob Hill is a neighborhood in San Francisco, California, centered on the intersection of California Street and Powell Street. It is one of San Franciscos 44 hills, and one of its original Seven Hills, prior to the 1850s, Nob Hill was called California Hill. It was renamed after the Central Pacific Railroads Big Four – called the Nobs – built mansions there, the actual peak of Nob Hill lies slightly to the northwest, approximately at the intersection of Jones and Sacramento Streets. South of Nob Hill is Lower Nob Hill neighborhood, the district of Union Square, the Tenderloin neighborhood. To the east is San Franciscos Chinatown and a little farther, northeast of Nob Hill is North Beach and Telegraph Hill. North of Nob Hill is Russian Hill, and eventually, the areas of the waterfront such as Pier 39. The area was settled in the rapid urbanization happening in the city in the late 19th century, because of the views and its central position, it became an exclusive enclave of the rich and
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California Street on Nob Hill
Chinatown, San Francisco, California
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The Chinatown centered on Grant Avenue and Stockton Street in San Francisco, California, is the oldest Chinatown in North America and the largest Chinese community outside Asia. It is the oldest of the four notable Chinatowns in the city, since its establishment in 1848, it has been highly important and influential in the history and culture of ethnic Chinese immigrants in North America. Chinatown is an enclave that continues to retain its own customs, languages, places of worship, social clubs, there are two hospitals, numerous parks and squares, a post office, and other infrastructure. Chinatown has been defined by the neighborhoods of North Beach, and Telegraph Hill areas as bound by Bush Street, Taylor Street, Bay Street. Officially, Chinatown is located in downtown San Francisco, covers 24 square blocks, within Chinatown there are two major thoroughfares. It is dominated by buildings that are three to four stories high, with shops on the ground floor and residential apartments ups
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The Gateway Arch (Dragon Gate) on Grant Avenue at Bush Street in Chinatown
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Stockton Street
Union Square, San Francisco
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Union Square is a 2. 6-acre public plaza bordered by Geary, Powell, Post and Stockton Streets in downtown San Francisco, California. Union Square also refers to the shopping, hotel. The area got its name because it was used for rallies and support for the Union Army during the American Civil War. Grand hotels and small inns, as well as repertory, off-Broadway, Union Square was originally a tall sand dune, and the square was later set aside to be made into a public park in 1850. Union Square got its name from the pro-Union rallies held there on the eve of the Civil War, the monument itself is also a tribute to the sailors of the United States Navy. It also commemorates U. S. President William McKinley, who had been recently assassinated and it was the worlds first underground parking garage and was designed by Timothy Pflueger. During the late 1970s, and through the 1980s and 1990s, San Franciscos rowdy New Years parties used to happen yearly at the plaza with some sort of civil disrupt
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View of Union Square
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Union Square as seen from Macy's.
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The Macy's flagship store at Union Square.
James Rolph
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James “Sunny Jim” Rolph Jr. was an American politician and a member of the Republican Party. He was elected to a term as the 27th governor of California from January 6,1931 until his death on June 2,1934 at the height of the Great Depression. Previously, Rolph had been the 30th mayor of San Francisco from January 8,1912 until his resignation to become governor, Rolph remains the longest serving mayor in San Francisco history. Rolph was born in San Francisco and he had four brothers and two sisters. After attending school in the Mission District, he went to work as a boy in a commission house. He married Annie Marshall Reid and had at least one son, James Rolph, Rolph entered the shipping business in 1900, by forming a partnership with George Hind. He would over the next serve as president of two banks, one of which he helped establish. Although he was asked to run for mayor in 1909, he chose to wait until 1911 to run for mayor—a position that he would hold for nineteen years, as mayor,
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James Rolph
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Annie M. Rolph at dock
Broadway Tunnel (San Francisco)
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The Broadway Tunnel is a roadway tunnel in San Francisco, California. The tunnel opened in 1952, and serves as a high-capacity conduit for traffic between Chinatown and North Beach to the east and Russian Hill and Van Ness to the west. In a proposal of the citys 1948 Transportation Plan, the tunnel was to serve as a link between the Embarcadero Freeway and the Central Freeway, the Broadway Tunnel was named in honor of Robert C. Levy in January 1986. Mr. Levy was the City Engineer and Superintendent of Building Inspection for the City and County of San Francisco, a plaque outside the tunnel reads, He devoted his life to high standards of professionalism in engineering and to the City which he loved. The east portal is located at 37.797, -122.412, the west portal is located at 37.796, -122.418, just east of the Hyde Street overpass. Combined with these two overpasses, the tunnel provides for uninterrupted traffic flow along Broadway for a stretch of six blocks, there is also a narrow sid
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