The Stone of Scone —also known as the Stone of Destiny, referred to in England as The Coronation Stone—is an oblong block of red sandstone, used for centuries in the coronation of the monarchs of Scotland, also when the monarchs of Scotland became monarchs of England as well as in the coronations of the monarchs of Great Britain and latterly of the United Kingdom following the acts of union. The artefact was kept at the now-ruined Scone Abbey in Scone, near Perth, Scotland, it is known as Jacob's Pillow Stone and the Tanist Stone, in Scottish Gaelic, clach-na-cinneamhain. Its size is 66 cm by 42.5 cm by 26.7 cm and its weight is 152 kg. A incised cross is on one surface, an iron ring at each end aids with transport; the Stone of Scone was last used in 1953 for the coronation of Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. In the 14th century, the English cleric and historian Walter Hemingford described the previous location of the Scottish coronation stone as the monastery of Scone, 3 km north of Perth: Apud Monasterium de Scone positus est lapis pergrandis in ecclesia Dei, juxta magnum altare, concavus quidem ad modum rotundae cathedrae confectus, in quo futuri reges loco quasi coronationis ponebantur ex more.
At the monastery of Scone, in the church of God, near to the high altar, was placed a large stone, hollowed out as a round chair, on which future kings were placed for their coronation, according to custom. Various theories and legends exist about the stone's history prior to its placement in Scone: One story concerns Fergus, son of Erc, the first King of the Scots in Scotland, whose transport of the Stone from Ireland to Argyll, where he was crowned on it, was recorded; some versions identify the stone brought by Fergus with the Lia Fáil used at Tara for the High King of Ireland. Other traditions contend. Legends place the origins of the Stone in Biblical times and consider the Stone to be the Stone of Jacob, taken by Jacob while in Haran. Geologists proved that the stone taken by Edward I of England to Westminster is a "lower Old Red Sandstone", quarried in the vicinity of Scone. Doubts over the authenticity of the stone have existed for a long time: a blog post by retired Scottish academic and writer of historical fiction Marie MacPherson shows that they date back at least two hundred years.
A letter to the editor of the Morning Chronicle, dated 2 January 1819, states: On the 19th of November, as the servants belonging to the West Mains of Dunsinane-house, were employed in carrying away stones from the excavation made among the ruins that point out the site of Macbeth's castle here, part of the ground they stood on gave way, sank down about six feet, discovering a built vault, about six feet long and four wide. None of the men being injured, curiosity induced them to clear out the subterranean recess, when they discovered among the ruins a large stone, weighing about 500lb, pronounced to be of the meteoric or semi-metallic kind; this stone must have lain here during the long series of ages since Macbeth's reign. Beside it were found two round tablets, of a composition resembling bronze. On one of these two lines are engraved, which a gentleman has thus deciphered.—'The sconce of kingdom come, until Sylphs in air carry me again to Bethel.' These plates exhibit the figures of targets for the arms.
From time immemorial it has been believed among us here, that unseen hands brought Jacob's pillow from Bethel and dropped it on the site where the palace of Scoon now stands. A strong belief is entertained by many in this part of the country that it was only a representation of this Jacob's pillow that Edward sent to Westminster, the sacred stone not having been found by him; the curious here, aware of such traditions, who have viewed these venerable remains of antiquity, agree that Macbeth may, or rather must, have deposited the stone in question at the bottom of his Castle, on the hill of Dunsinane, where it has been found by the workmen. This curious stone has been shipped for London for the inspection of the scientific amateur, in order to discover its real quality. In 1296, the stone was taken by Edward I as spoils of war and removed to Westminster Abbey, where it was fitted into a wooden chair—known as King Edward's Chair—on which most subsequent English and British sovereigns have been crowned.
Edward I sought to claim his status as the "Lord Paramount" of Scotland, with the right to oversee its King. Some doubt exists over the stone captured by Edward I; the Westminster Stone theory posits that the monks at Scone Palace hid the real stone in the River Tay, or buried it on Dunsinane Hill, that the English troops were tricked into taking a substitute. Some proponents of the theory claim that historic descriptions of the stone do not match the present stone. In The Treaty of Northampton 1328, between the Kingdom of Scotland and the Kingdom of England, England agreed to return the captured stone to Scotland; the stone remained in England for another six centuries after James VI of Scotland assumed the English throne as James I of England. For the next century, the Stuart kings and queens of Scotland once again sat on the stone but at their coronation as kings and queens of England. On Christmas Day 1950, a group of four Scottish students removed the stone from Westminster Abbey for return to Scotland.
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SpareMiNT is a software distribution based on FreeMiNT, which consists of a MiNT-like operating system and kernel plus GEM compatible AES. The English language distribution is intended for the Atari ST and derivative m68k computers and emulators, such as the FireBee project or Hatari and ARAnyM; the MiNT itself once called MultiTOS, provided an Atari TOS compatible OS replacement with multitasking and multi-user switching capabilities and Unix-like operation, all of which the original TOS lacked. The distribution comes with Red Hat's rpm utility for managing the source- and binary packages. Unix/Linux-style software can be used, if GEM-programs for TOS can run concurrently; the TOS clone EmuTOS, instead of Atari's original, can be used as a base to boot a MiNT, e.g. XaAES, a modern AES derivate, as essential part of the GEM-GUI. FreeMiNT, therefore SpareMiNT, is the enhanced and improved derivate, can be used on today's computers on different hardware platforms via emulation or Virtual Machines, thanks to the flexibility of the original MiNT and its components that made further development possible.
Derived from SpareMiNT is EasyMiNT, using its software repository and a GEM based installer, providing a folder system similar to the UNIX Filesystem Hierarchy Standard and German language translations to programs. AFROS comes as a set of files, its key components all consist of Free Software: EmuTOS and FreeMiNT. Amongst other efforts, there was a basic build of a Debian GNU/MiNT distribution, with a FreeMiNT kernel, GNU based userland software plus DEB package management, it should have provided used programs and was based on Debian GNU/Linux. Similar, more successful projects are Debian GNU/kFreeBSD, Debian GNU/Hurd and, most important, the GNU/Linux version. SpearMiNT follows the idea to use a Unix/Linux-like package software repository. Atari TOS EmuTOS MiNT Graphics Environment Manager XaAES TeraDesk AFROS The SpareMiNT Homepage The SpareMiNT Wiki massi Soft's EasyMiNT The AFROS Homepage NoCrew Debian GNU/MiNT Homepage, archived via Web Archive
Michael Efe Ejeba known as Efe Money is a Nigerian reality TV personality and singer. Born in Delta State and raised in Jos. In 2017, Efe won Big Brother Naija 2017. Efe was born in Delta State, he attended Federal Government College and University of Jos, Nigeria where he pursued a degree in Economics. Efe went in as one of an eventual 14 housemates on the second season of Big Brother Naija 2017 where he emerged the ultimate winner after 78 days. Efe began his music career with his debut single'Based On Logistics', the song was released on April 27, 2017, he has since songs such as Yeba, Far Away,I Done Care, Onome, I love You, 6 Pack, Baba Loke and Somebody. In December 2017, Efe released his hit song titled "Warri"; the music video accompanying the song was released on YouTube with over 1.2 million views. He released "Campaign" which features Ice Prince and BOJ in September 2019. Lagos Am Sorry Am Winning Ejeba was appointed Youth Ambassador by Nigeria Ministry of Youth and Sports in 2017, he was awarded with an Ambassador of Creative Industry role of Plateau State.
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