1.
CBS Studio Center
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CBS Studio Center is a television and film studio located in the Studio City district of Los Angeles in the San Fernando Valley. It is located at 4024 Radford Avenue and takes up a piece of land. The lot, which is not open to the public for tours, has 18 sound stages from 7,000 to 25,000 square feet,220,000 square feet of office space, and 223 dressing rooms. It is one of two studio facilities owned by CBS in Los Angeles, California, the other is CBS Television City on Beverly Boulevard, the company also previously had ownership of two other studios, Columbia Square and the Paramount Pictures lot. Mack Sennett, a silent film producer and director, came to the San Fernando Valley and he previously operated a smaller studio on Glendale Boulevard in Echo Park where he produced films featuring the Keystone Kops, Charlie Chaplin, Mabel Normand, Buster Keaton, W. C. After creating the Studio City lot, Sennett in five years was forced to file bankruptcy, Mascot, which specialized in serials, renamed the studio after itself. By 1935, another company, Monogram Pictures, along with Mascot. The studio lot was renamed Republic Studios, the new studio specialized in B-movies, including many Westerns starring the likes of Roy Rogers, Gene Autry, and John Wayne, all of whom got their first breaks with Republic. Also, Four Star Productions leased the lot for many of its series like The Rifleman, Dick Powells Zane Grey Theater, Republic Pictures ceased production in 1958 and Victor M. Carter became its president in 1959. Carter built Republic into a business with foci outside of the television and film business. In 1963, CBS Television became the lessee of the lot. Almost immediately after leasing the Republic Pictures lot, CBS began to place their network-produced filmed shows there, including Gunsmoke, My Three Sons, and Gilligans Island. The Gilligans Island lagoon was located at the edge of the lot. While under lease, the facility was renamed the CBS Studio Center, the network finally purchased the 70-acre lot outright from Republic in February 1967, for $9.5 million. That same month, Republic also sold off its film library, CBS built new sound stages, office buildings, and technical facilities. To make up for these investments, CBS began to rent out its studio lot for independent producers, moores memorable sitcom, The Mary Tyler Moore Show, began filming here in 1970, along with its spinoffs, Rhoda, Phyllis, and Lou Grant. In July 1982, CBS formed a partnership with 20th Century Fox to share ownership of the Studio Center, thus once again renaming, however, that relationship was short-lived as Fox sold its interest of the Studio Center to MTM, and it became CBS-MTM Studios. In March 1992, the once again became CBS Studio Center
2.
Los Angeles
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Los Angeles, officially the City of Los Angeles and often known by its initials L. A. is the cultural, financial, and commercial center of Southern California. With a census-estimated 2015 population of 3,971,883, it is the second-most populous city in the United States, Los Angeles is also the seat of Los Angeles County, the most populated county in the United States. The citys inhabitants are referred to as Angelenos, historically home to the Chumash and Tongva, Los Angeles was claimed by Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo for Spain in 1542 along with the rest of what would become Alta California. The city was founded on September 4,1781, by Spanish governor Felipe de Neve. It became a part of Mexico in 1821 following the Mexican War of Independence, in 1848, at the end of the Mexican–American War, Los Angeles and the rest of California were purchased as part of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, thereby becoming part of the United States. Los Angeles was incorporated as a municipality on April 4,1850, the discovery of oil in the 1890s brought rapid growth to the city. The completion of the Los Angeles Aqueduct in 1913, delivering water from Eastern California, nicknamed the City of Angels, Los Angeles is known for its Mediterranean climate, ethnic diversity, and sprawling metropolis. Los Angeles also has an economy in culture, media, fashion, science, sports, technology, education, medicine. A global city, it has been ranked 6th in the Global Cities Index, the city is home to renowned institutions covering a broad range of professional and cultural fields, and is one of the most substantial economic engines within the United States. The Los Angeles combined statistical area has a gross metropolitan product of $831 billion, making it the third-largest in the world, after the Greater Tokyo and New York metropolitan areas. The city has hosted the Summer Olympic Games in 1932 and 1984 and is bidding to host the 2024 Summer Olympics and thus become the second city after London to have hosted the Games three times. The Los Angeles area also hosted the 1994 FIFA mens World Cup final match as well as the 1999 FIFA womens World Cup final match, the mens event was watched on television by over 700 million people worldwide. The Los Angeles coastal area was first settled by the Tongva, a Gabrielino settlement in the area was called iyáangẚ, meaning poison oak place. Gaspar de Portolà and Franciscan missionary Juan Crespí, reached the present site of Los Angeles on August 2,1769, in 1771, Franciscan friar Junípero Serra directed the building of the Mission San Gabriel Arcángel, the first mission in the area. The Queen of the Angels is an honorific of the Virgin Mary, two-thirds of the settlers were mestizo or mulatto with a mixture of African, indigenous and European ancestry. The settlement remained a small town for decades, but by 1820. Today, the pueblo is commemorated in the district of Los Angeles Pueblo Plaza and Olvera Street. New Spain achieved its independence from the Spanish Empire in 1821, during Mexican rule, Governor Pío Pico made Los Angeles Alta Californias regional capital
3.
San Fernando Valley
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The San Fernando Valley is an urbanized valley located in Los Angeles County, California, defined by the mountains of the Transverse Ranges circling it. Home to 1.8 million people, it lies north of the larger, nearly two thirds of the valleys land area is part of the city of Los Angeles. The other incorporated cities in the valley are Glendale, Burbank, San Fernando, Hidden Hills, the Los Angeles River begins at the confluence of Calabasas Creek and Bell Creek, between Canoga Park High School and Owensmouth Ave. in Canoga Park. These creeks headwaters are in the Santa Monica Calabasas foothills, the Simi Hills Hidden Hills, Santa Susana Field Laboratory, the river flows eastward along the southern regions of the Valley. One of the rivers two unpaved sections can be found at the Sepulveda Basin, a seasonal river, the Tujunga Wash, drains much of the western facing San Gabriel Mountains and passes into and then through the Hansen Dam Recreation Center in Lake View Terrace. It flows south along the Verdugo Mountains through the communities of the valley to join the Los Angeles River in Studio City. Other notable tributaries of the river include Dayton Creek, Caballero Creek, Bull Creek, Pacoima Wash, the elevation of the floor of the valley varies from about 600 ft to 1,200 ft above sea level. Universal City, an enclave in the part of the valley, is unincorporated land housing the Universal Studios filming lot. Mulholland Drive, which runs along the ridgeline of the Santa Monica Mountains, in this Mediterranean climate, post-1790s European agriculture for the missions support consisted of grapes, figs, olives, and general garden crops. The San Fernando Valley contains five incorporated cities—Glendale, Burbank, San Fernando, Hidden Hills and Calabasas—and part of a sixth, Los Angeles, the unincorporated communities are governed by the County of Los Angeles. The Los Angeles city section of the valley is divided into seven city districts,2,3,4,5,6,7 and 12. Of the 95 neighborhood councils in the city,34 are in the valley, the valley is represented in the California State Legislature by seven members of the State Assembly and five members of the State Senate. The valley is divided into five congressional districts, the San Fernando Valley, for the most part, tends to support Democrats in state and national elections. This is especially true in the areas which include Sherman Oaks. The Los Angeles satellite administrative center for the valley, The Civic Center Van Nuys, is in Van Nuys. The area in and around the Van Nuys branch of Los Angeles City Hall is home to a station, municipal and superior courts. Northridge is home to California State University, Northridge, many branches of the Los Angeles Public Library are located in the valley. For independent libraries see Incorporated Cities in the Municipalities and districts list below, Los Angeles Police Department, Los Angeles County Sheriffs Department, and independent valley city departments
4.
Mack Sennett
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Mack Sennett was a Canadian-born American director and actor and was known as an innovator of slapstick comedy in film. During his lifetime he was known at times as the King of Comedy and his short Wrestling Swordfish was awarded the Academy Award for Best Live Action Short Film in 1932 and he earned an Academy Honorary Award in 1937. Born Michael Sinnott in Richmond Ste-Bibiane Parish, Quebec, Canada, he was the son of Irish Catholic John Sinnott and Catherine Foy, the newlyweds moved the same year to Richmond, where John Sinnott was hired as a laborer. By 1883, when Michaels brother George was born, John Sinnott was working in Richmond as an innkeeper, John Sinnott and Catherine Foy had all their children and raised their family in Richmond, then a small Eastern Townships village. At that time, Michaels grandparents were living in Danville, Québec, Michael Sinnott moved to Connecticut when he was 17 years old. He lived for a while in Northampton, Massachusetts, where, according to his autobiography and he claimed that the most respected lawyer in town, Northampton mayor Calvin Coolidge, as well as Sennetts own mother, tried to talk him out of his musical ambitions. In New York City, Sennett became an actor, singer, dancer, clown, set designer, a major distinction in his acting career, often overlooked, is the fact that Sennett played Sherlock Holmes eleven times, albeit as a parody, between 1911 and 1913. With financial backing from Adam Kessel and Charles O. Bauman of the New York Motion Picture Company, Michael Mack Sennett founded Keystone Studios in Edendale, the original main building which was the first totally enclosed film stage and studio ever constructed, is still there today. Mack Sennetts slapstick comedies were noted for their wild car chases, additionally, Sennetts first female comedian was Mabel Normand, who became a major star under his direction and with whom he embarked on a tumultuous romantic relationship. Sennett also developed the Kid Comedies, a forerunner of the Our Gang films, two of those often named as Bathing Beauties do not belong on the list, Mabel Normand and Gloria Swanson. Mabel Normand was a player, and her 1912 8-minute film The Water Nymph may have been the direct inspiration for the Bathing Beauties. Although Gloria Swanson worked for Sennett in 1916 and was photographed in a suit, she was also a star. Not individually featured or named, many of young women ascended to significant careers of their own. They included Juanita Hansen, Claire Anderson, Marie Prevost, Phyllis Haver, in the 1920s Sennetts Bathing Beauties remained popular enough to provoke imitators like the Christie Studios Bathing Beauties and Fox Film Corporations Sunshine Girls. The Sennett Bathing Beauties would continue to appear through 1928, in 1917, Sennett gave up the Keystone trademark and organized his own company, Mack Sennett Comedies Corporation. Sennett went on to more ambitious comedy short films and a few feature-length films. During the 1920s, his subjects were in much demand, featuring stars like Billy Bevan, Andy Clyde, Harry Gribbon, Vernon Dent, Alice Day, Ralph Graves, Charlie Murray. He produced several features with his brightest stars such as Ben Turpin, many of Sennetts films of the early 1920s were inherited by Warner Bros
5.
History of the San Fernando Valley
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In winter, torrential downpours over the western-draining watershed of the San Gabriel Mountains entered the northeast Valley through Big Tujunga Canyon, Little Tujunga Canyon, and Pacoima Canyon. By the time the Spanish conquest of Mexico reached Alta California in 1769, successive groups of indigenous peoples and these peoples tended to settle on well-watered and wooded areas at the Valleys margins. The Tongva, who spoke the Tongva language, a Uto-Aztecan or Shoshonean language, had a series of villages in the southern Valley along or near the river, including Totongna, Siutcanga and Kawengna. In the north-central Valley was a permanent village called Pasakngna, in the lower foothills of the mountains near natural springs. Other characteristic place-names of Tongva origin in the Valley include Tujunga and Topanga, the Tataviam were established in the valleys to the north, Pacoima is believed to be of Tataviam-Fernandeño peoples Tataviam language origin. The Hokan-speaking Chumash people inhabited Malibu, the Santa Monica Mountains, and the Simi Hills in the area of the Valley. In the Simi Hills the Burro Flats Painted Cave pictographs are located on Rocketdynes Santa Susana Field Laboratory property, inaccessible, the Tataviam-Fernandeño people inhabited the foothills of the Santa Susana Mountains in the Valley. The Tongva-Fernandeño inhabited the Valley, along the tributaries to the Los Angeles River, in 1769 the expedition led by explorer Gaspar de Portolà reached the Los Angeles area of California overland from Baja California. We saw a very pleasant and spacious valley and we descended to it and stopped close to a watering place, which is a large pool. Near it we found a village of heathen, very friendly and we gave to this plain the name of Santa Catalina de Bononia de Los Encinos. It has on its hills and its valleys many live oak, - Father Juan Crespi, August,1769 The watering place was a pool fed by a perennial spring at what is now Encino, near the village of Siutangna. The name El Valle de Santa Catalina de Bononia de los Encinos refers to the encinos or evergreen Coast Live Oaks that studded the area, the expedition proceeded northward, camping at a site in the northern Valley before crossing over the mountains into the Santa Clarita Valley. By royal edict, all of the waters of the river and its tributaries were reserved for the Pueblo de Los Angeles, a condition which would have a profound impact on development of the Valley. By the end of the century, Spain had issued two grazing concessions north of the pueblo that included the southeastern corner of the Valley, Rancho San Rafael and Rancho Portesuelo. Francisco Reyes, alcalde or mayor of Los Angeles from 1793–1795, had set up an operation which he called Rancho Encino located in what is now Mission Hills near the village of Pasakngna. Reyess property had a water supply from artesian wells and limestone for building. This property he also called Rancho Encino, Mission San Fernando Rey de España was founded at Reyess original rancho site on September 8,1797 by Father Fermín Lasuén. The missions grazing lands extended over the flatlands of the valley, from this time the valley began to be called after the mission
6.
Rancho Ex-Mission San Fernando
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Rancho Ex-Mission San Fernando was a 116, 858-acre Mexican land grant in present-day Los Angeles County, California granted in 1846 by Governor Pío Pico to Eulogio de Celis. The grant encompassed most of the present-day San Fernando Valley, Eulogio de Celis, a native of Spain, had settled in California in 1836. De Celis operated a trading business with Henry D. Fitch, Jonathan Temple. He married Josefa Argüello, daughter of Governor Luís Antonio Argüello, in 1846, to raise war funds during the Mexican–American War, the Pico government sold the secularized lands from the Mission San Fernando to Eulogio de Celis. With the cession of California to the United States following the Mexican-American War, as required by the Land Act of 1851, a claim was filed with the United States Public Land Commission in 1852 and the land grant was patented to Eulogio de Celis in 1873. De Celis, with his wife and family, went back to Spain in 1854, when the Rancho Ex-Mission San Fernando grant was patented in 1873, it was surveyed at nearly twenty six square leagues, the single largest land grant in California. Before the De Celis grant, Andrés Pico, brother of Governor Pío Pico, had leased the Rancho Ex-Mission San Fernando in 1845. In 1853, Andrés Pico acquired a half interest, and Rancho Ex-Mission San Fernando was split in half, along present-day Roscoe Boulevard. In debt, Andrés Pico had sold his southern half-interest in the Rancho ex-Mission San Fernando to his brother Pío Pico in 1862, pio Pico sold his half share of the Ex-San Fernando Mission land to Isaac Lankershim in 1869. In 1873, Isaac Lankershims son, James Boon Lankershim, and future son-in-law, Isaac Newton Van Nuys, moved to the San Fernando Valley, during the 1880s, the San Fernando Farm Homestead Association was succeeded by the Los Angeles Farm & Milling Company. After De Celis died in 1869, his son, Eulogio F. de Celis, the Porters land was west of present-day Sepulveda Boulevard, and the Maclay land was east of Sepulveda Boulevard. History of the San Fernando Valley to 1915 List of Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monuments in the San Fernando Valley Rómulo Pico Adobe Ranchos of California
7.
James Boon Lankershim
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James Boon Lankershim was an American heir, landowner and real estate developer. James Boon Lankershim was born on March 24,1850 in Charleston and his father was Isaac Lankershim, a German-born Californian landowner who owned 60,000 acres in the San Fernando Valley, and his mother was Annis Lydia Moore, an English-born Californian. Lankershim joined his fathers company, the San Fernando Farm Homestead Association, together with his brother in law, Isaac Newton Van Nuys, focusing on real estate while Van Nuys focused on wheat. He built the Hotel Lankershim on the corner of Broadway and 7th Avenue in Downtown Los Angeles and he also built the San Fernando Building on the corner of 4th Avenue and Main Street, where his name is embedded in the tiles at the entrance. In 1885, Lankershim established a unit in the California National Guard, Troop D. Lankershim served as the first president of the Los Angeles Athletic Club, Lankershim married Carolina Carrie Adelaide Jones in 1881. By 1900, they separated and she moved to Paris, only to return briefly during the First World War and they had two children, Jack Lankershim and Doria Lankershim. In the 1920s, he retired and moved to the Biltmore Hotel in downtown Los Angeles, on April 2,1921, he donated 20 acres of the San Fernando Valley to the Boys Scouts of America, later known as the Arthur Letts Boy Scout Camp after Arthur Letts. In 1940, they built an obelisk in his honor on the donated land, in 1924, silent actress Adele Blood introduced him to Irene Herbert, a nurse who became his companion for four years until his family fired her. He died on October 16,1931 and his ashes were scattered across the San Fernando Valley, after his death, Irene Herbert claimed she had a $500, 000-promisory note from her former employer and sued the Lankershim family, but later gave up and committed suicide. Lankershim Boulevard in Los Angeles is named for the Lankershim family
8.
Los Angeles Aqueduct
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The system delivers water from the Owens River in the Eastern Sierra Nevada Mountains to Los Angeles, California. In 1971 it was recognized by the American Society of Civil Engineers on the List of Historic Civil Engineering Landmarks and its construction was controversial from the start, as it is alleged that water diversions to Los Angeles all but ended agriculture in the Owens Valley. Since then its continued operation has led to debate, legislation and court battles over the environmental impacts of the aqueduct on Mono Lake. The aqueduct project began in 1905 when the people of Los Angeles approved a US$1.5 million bond for the purchase of lands and water, on June 12,1907 a second bond was passed with a budget of US$24.5 million to fund construction. Construction began in 1908 and was divided up into 11 divisions, the number of men who were on the payroll the first year was 2,629 and peaked at 6,060 in May 1909. In 1910 employment dropped to 1,150 due to financial reasons, between 1911 and 1912 employment ranged from 2,800 to 3,800 workers. The number of actual laborers working on the aqueduct, at its peak, was 3,900, in 1913 the City of Los Angeles completed construction of the first Los Angeles Aqueduct. The aqueduct as originally constructed consisted of six reservoirs and 215 mi of conduit. Beginning three and one miles north of Black Rock Springs, the aqueduct diverts the Owens River into an unlined canal to begin its 233 mi journey south to the Lower San Fernando Reservoir. This reservoir was renamed the Lower Van Norman Reservoir. The original project consisted of 24 mi of open unlined canal,37 mi of lined open canal,97 mi of covered concrete conduit,43 mi of tunnels,12. The aqueduct uses gravity alone to move the water and also uses the water to generate electricity, the aqueduct system has been operated safely throughout its history and is still in operation. The construction of the Los Angeles Aqueduct effectively eliminated the Owens Valley as a farming community. By the 1920s, the pursuits of the water rights. Farmers in Owens Valley attacked infrastructure, dynamiting the aqueduct numerous times, the aqueducts water provided developers with the resources to quickly develop the San Fernando Valley and Los Angeles through World War II. Mulhollands role in the vision and completion of the aqueduct and the growth of Los Angeles into a metropolis is recognized and well-documented. The William Mulholland Memorial Fountain, built in 1940 and located at Riverside Drive and Los Feliz Blvd. in Los Feliz is dedicated to his memory, Mulholland Drive and Mulholland Dam are named for him as well. In an effort to more water, the city of Los Angeles reached further north
9.
Harry Chandler
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He attended Dartmouth College, and on a dare, he jumped into a vat of starch that had frozen over during winter, which led to severe pneumonia. He withdrew from Dartmouth and moved to Los Angeles for his health, Otis liked this entrepreneurial young man and hired him as the Times’ general manager. Harry married Otis’s daughter, Marian Otis, in 1894, the couple had six children together and also raised two daughters from Harrys first marriage. Upon Otis’s death in 1917, Harry took over the reins as publisher of the Times, transforming it into the newspaper in the West. For three straight years in the 1920s, under his leadership, the Times led all other American newspapers in advertising space, much of his boundless energy and dreams were however directed to transforming Los Angeles. As a community builder and large-scale real estate speculator, he became arguably the leading citizen of Los Angeles in the first half of the 20th century. As a real estate investor, he was a partner in syndicates that owned and developed much of the San Fernando Valley, the Hollywoodland sign was used to promote the development. Chandlers other real estate projects included Mulholland Drive, much of Dana Point, the Tejon Ranch, the Vermejo Park Ranch, and the C&M ranch. Harry Chandler was a notable eugenicist during his time as President of the Los Angeles Times, and was a member of the Human Betterment Foundation, a Congregationalist in religion, he abstained from alcohol, lived frugally, and commuted by foot whenever possible. His favorite charity was the Salvation Army and he was an indefatigable worker and forthright in his editorial positions. For his comments on the decisions in certain labor cases still in the process of appeal. His conviction was overturned by the United States Supreme Court in 1941 - a landmark decision for freedom of the press, for their role in the decision Chandler and the Times won their first Pulitzer Prize. On February 6,1888, Harry married Magdalena Schlador whose brother worked at the Los Angeles Times and they had a daughter, Francesca, born April 7,1890 and a second daughter, Alice May, born July 24,1892. Sadly Magdalena, who Harry called May, died of fever two weeks after Alice Mays birth on August 4,1892 at the age of twenty nine.3 Chandler went on to marry Marian Otis in 1894. Francesca and Alice May were soon joined by Constance, Ruth, Norman, Harrison Gray Otis, Chandler died on September 23,1944 from a heart attack. He and Marian are buried at Hollywood Forever Cemetery on Santa Monica Boulevard, Harrison Gray Otiss memorial is nearby. Harrys oldest son, Norman Chandler, took charge of the Los Angeles Times after Harrys death, Chandler Boulevard, a major street in the San Fernando Valley, is named for Harry Chandler. The Powers That Be, David Halberstam, Dell Books,1986 Privileged Son, Otis Chandler, Times Dynasty, Dennis McDougal, Perseus Publishing,2001 The Ancestry of Harry Chandler by Gwendolyn Garland Babcock
10.
Los Angeles Times
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The Los Angeles Times, commonly referred to as the Times or LA Times, is a paid daily newspaper published in Los Angeles, California, since 1881. It was the largest metropolitan newspaper in circulation in the United States in 2008, the Times is owned by tronc. The Times was first published on December 4,1881, as the Los Angeles Daily Times under the direction of Nathan Cole Jr. and it was first printed at the Mirror printing plant, owned by Jesse Yarnell and T. J. Unable to pay the bill, Cole and Gardiner turned the paper over to the Mirror Company. Mathes had joined the firm, and it was at his insistence that the Times continued publication, in July 1882, Harrison Gray Otis moved from Santa Barbara to become the papers editor. Otis made the Times a financial success, in an era where newspapers were driven by party politics, the Times was directed at Republican readers. As was typical of newspapers of the time, the Times would sit on stories for several days, historian Kevin Starr wrote that Otis was a businessman capable of manipulating the entire apparatus of politics and public opinion for his own enrichment. Otiss editorial policy was based on civic boosterism, extolling the virtues of Los Angeles, the efforts of the Times to fight local unions led to the October 1,1910 bombing of its headquarters, killing twenty-one people. Two union leaders, James and Joseph McNamara, were charged, the American Federation of Labor hired noted trial attorney Clarence Darrow to represent the brothers, who eventually pleaded guilty. Upon Otiss death in 1917, his son-in-law, Harry Chandler, Harry Chandler was succeeded in 1944 by his son, Norman Chandler, who ran the paper during the rapid growth of post-war Los Angeles. Family members are buried at the Hollywood Forever Cemetery near Paramount Studios, the site also includes a memorial to the Times Building bombing victims. The fourth generation of family publishers, Otis Chandler, held that position from 1960 to 1980, Otis Chandler sought legitimacy and recognition for his familys paper, often forgotten in the power centers of the Northeastern United States due to its geographic and cultural distance. He sought to remake the paper in the model of the nations most respected newspapers, notably The New York Times, believing that the newsroom was the heartbeat of the business, Otis Chandler increased the size and pay of the reporting staff and expanded its national and international reporting. In 1962, the paper joined with the Washington Post to form the Los Angeles Times-Washington Post News Service to syndicate articles from both papers for news organizations. During the 1960s, the paper won four Pulitzer Prizes, more than its previous nine decades combined, eventually the coupon-clipping branches realized that they could make more money investing in something other than newspapers. Under their pressure the companies went public, or split apart, thats the pattern followed over more than a century by the Los Angeles Times under the Chandler family. The papers early history and subsequent transformation was chronicled in an unauthorized history Thinking Big and it has also been the whole or partial subject of nearly thirty dissertations in communications or social science in the past four decades. In 2000, the Tribune Company acquired the Times, placing the paper in co-ownership with then-WB -affiliated KTLA, which Tribune acquired in 1985
11.
H.J. Whitley
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Hobart Johnstone Whitley, also known as H. J. Whitley, was the Father of Hollywood. He was a real estate developer who helped create the Hollywood subdivision in Los Angeles and he and his wife Margaret Virginia Whitley named the town while on their honeymoon in 1886. Hobart Johnstone Whitley was born in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Whitley became a naturalized citizen of the United States in the 1870s. Whitley moved to Chicago and owned a store and candy store. He became interested in development and was elected to the board of directors of the Chicago Rock Island Railroad. In the spring of 1886, Whitley married his second wife, Whitley became one of the nations most successful land developers. During the westward construction of railroads from the late 1870s to the early 1890s, he founded scores of towns in the Oklahoma Territory. Whitley was a friend of Theodore Roosevelt while in the Dakota Territory. Whitley was at the first Oklahoma Land Run of 1889, April 22 and he built the first brick block building in the territory and was asked by the local people to be the first Governor of Oklahoma. He plotted the towns and built brick and stone buildings in Oklahoma City, El Reno, Chickasha, Enid, Medford. Whitley traveled to Washington D. C. where he persuaded the U. S. Congress to allow the City of Guthrie and it is estimated that Whitley founded over 140 towns in his lifetime. J. Whitley donated large parcels of land and money for civic use, the donations were used to finance public schools, libraries, parks, landscaping, streets, transportation, lighting and churches. In the mid-1880s, Whitley arrived in Southern California and he was well known as a land developer and many tried to follow on his coattails. The name Hollywood was coined by H. J. Whitley and he and his wife came up with the name while on their honeymoon in 1886. Whitley built a hotel and a bank as the foundation of almost every town he developed, H. J. Whitley had a quest to make a very fine residential development on the hill of his share of the Hollywood property. He had to bring new ideas to create a development on the side of the hill in the fast changing times and this was at the end of the Victorian culture. Homes were built with the area upstairs, for the views of the ocean. He employed architects to go and study the developments of Spain
12.
Isaac Newton Van Nuys
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Isaac Newton Van Nuys was an American businessman, farmer and rancher who owned the entire southern portion of the San Fernando Valley—an area 15 miles long and 6 miles wide. Still, as a resident and honorary godfather of Van Nuys, there are schools, streets, libraries. Isaac Van Nuys was born in West Sparta, New York and his father was born in Millstone, New Jersey, on February 7,1808. He moved to West Sparta, in 1822, where he became a farmer and he also served as a town supervisor and justice of the peace. The mother of Isaac Van Nuys was born in Cayuga County, New York, Peter and Harriet were married on November 19,1829. They had seven children, Caroline M. Van Nuys, Isaac N. A. Vinton Van Nuys, Ella L. Van Nuys, Harriett E. Van Nuys, Van Nuys, and Herbert K. Van Nuys. He attended the academy at Lima, in which he was a student for one year and his relatives emigrated from the Netherlands and located on Long Island, New York. San Fernando Homestead Association In 1865, at the age of 29 and he first lived in Napa, and later in Monticello where he owned a country store. In 1873, Van Nuys, and future brother-in-law Isaac Lankershims son, James Boon Lankershim, moved to the San Fernando Valley, in 1874, they began raising grain, introducing dryland farming. In 1876 they filled two ships with Valley wheat at the Los Angeles Harbor in San Pedro and it was both the first grain cargo shipped from the L. A. Harbor, and the first grain shipped to Europe from the United States. Los Angeles Farming and Milling Company In 1880, Van Nuys, Isaac Van Nuys was its president and manager. The company had a building for milling to produce flour, meals, cracked wheat, hominy. Aqueduct construction began in 1905, to be completed in 1913, afterwards, land only useful for dryland farming could be turned into residential towns, and irrigated crops and orchards. It was acquired from the Los Angeles Farming and Milling Company owned Van Nuys, in the Sale of the Century in November 1910 they sold the remaining livestock and non-land assets of the Los Angeles Farming and Milling Company at auction. The Los Angeles Times called the auction the beginning of a new empire, on February 22,1911, lot sales begin for the new town of Van Nuys. The Janss Investment Company was the developer of both it and Owensmouth. The syndicate also built the San Fernando Line, a new 20 miles long extension of the Pacific Electric railway system from Lankershim, through Van Nuys and Marion, to its Owensmouth terminus. In 1880, he married Susanna H. Lankershim of Los Angeles, the daughter of Isaac Lankershim and they had three children, Annis H. James Benton, and Kate
13.
Rancho Los Encinos
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The original 19th-century adobe and limestone structures and natural warm springs are now within the Los Encinos State Historic Park. The natural springs on the land were used by the Tongva people, portola camped here, and the springs were a necessary stop for travelers on El Camino Real, and the Ventura Road, which became Ventura Blvd. Francisco Reyes, Alcalde, or mayor of Pueblo de Los Angeles from 1793-1795, in 1849, Don Vicente de la Osa or de la Ossa, the original owner of the nearby Rancho Providencia, acquired the Tongva Indians interests in the property. His wife was Rita de Guillén de la Ossa, daughter of Eulalia Pérez de Guillén Mariné of Rancho San Pascual and he built a 9-room adobe farmhouse in 1849-1850 that still stands near the spring. He took formal title to the Rancho under U. S, the De La Osa rancho was a popular stopping point for El Camino Real and Camino Nuevo travelers, who could expect hospitality at the ranch house. The Butterfield Overland Mail stagecoach route between St. Louis, Missouri and San Francisco via Fort Yuma and Los Angeles passed through the rancho, the rancho was a stagecoach stop on it until the new railroad replaced Butterfield stages in 1875. With the cattle market in collapse and besieged by mounting debts, in 1859 De la Osa converted his house into a roadside inn and began to charge patrons for his legendary Californio hospitality. Don Vicente De la Osa died in 1861, and his widow Rita sold the property to James Thompson in 1867, Thompson in turn sold the property to two Basque brothers, Eugene and Phillipe Garnier, in 1869. The Garnier brothers also raised sheep on the property, and were known for the quality of their fleece. The fields were used for farming, as was most of the Valley after Isaac Newton Van Nuys introduced dryland farming there. The Amestoy family lived on the property until 1945, selling off 1,170 acres of land in 1916 that would become the community of Encino, concerned neighbors led a fight to have the adobe, and the spring, to be purchased by the State of California. The last remaining parcel, including the buildings and the spring, was acquired by the state of California in 1949. All of the buildings in the park were heavily damaged in the 1994 Northridge earthquake. The Los Encinos Photos archives are also online, the 1902 river stones and mortar walled, double-roofed, food-cool storage buildings built for the Amestoys still show signs of the earthquake and are used for Park storage. A major Tongva village or rancheria site, carbon-dated at over 3,000 years old, was discovered in 1984 directly across Ventura Boulevard during excavation for a new structure. Archeologists found two million artifacts, such as stone tools, shel and stone beads, and arrowheads. The park displays some of the pre-contact artifacts, in 2011, the State of California threatened to close the park, because the park makes no revenue to equalize the employees needed. Through community effort and the Encino Neighborhood Council, an anonymous donor was found who volunteered $150,000 to keep the park open
14.
Los Angeles Fire Department
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The Los Angeles Fire Department provides fire prevention, firefighting, emergency medical services, technical rescue, hazardous materials to the city of Los Angeles, California, United States. The LAFD is responsible for approximately 4 million people who live in the agencys 471 square miles jurisdiction. The Los Angeles Fire Department founded in 1886 is one of the largest municipal fire departments in the United States, after the New York City Fire Department and the Chicago Fire Department. Another possible reason is that the city and the unincorporated County are often bordering each other, the department is currently under the command of chief Ralph Terrazas. The Los Angeles Fire Department has it origins in the year 1871, in September of that year, George M. Fall, the County Clerk for Los Angeles County organized Engine Company No.1. It was a volunteer firefighting force with an Amoskeag fire engine, the equipment was hand-drawn to fires. In the spring of 1874, the company asked the Los Angeles City Council to purchase horses to pull the engine. The Council refused and the company disbanded. Many of the members of Engine Company No.1 reorganized under the name of Thirty-Eights No.1 in May 1875. No.2 was organized under the name Confidence Engine Company, Los Angeles acquired its first hook and ladder truck for the Thirty-Eights. It proved to be too cumbersome and was ill-adapted to the needs of the city and it was sold to the city of Wilmington. In 1876, another hook and ladder truck was purchased, serving in the city until 1881, in 1878, a third fire company was formed by the residents in the neighborhood of Sixth Street and Park. It was given the name of Park Hose Co, East Los Angeles formed a hose company named East Los Angeles Hose Co. The final volunteer company was formed in the fall of 1883 in the Morris Vineyard area and this company was called Morris Vineyard Hose Co. All of these remained in service until February 1,1886. In 1877, the first horses were bought for the city fire department, the department would continue to use horses for its equipment for almost fifty years, phasing out the last horse drawn equipment on July 19,1921. By 1900, the Department had grown to 18 fire stations with 123 full-time paid firefighters and 80 fire horses, the city had also installed 194 fire-alarm boxes allowing citizens to sound the alarm if a fire was spotted. 660 fire hydrants were placed throughout the city, giving access to a reliable water source
15.
Population density
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Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume, it is a quantity of type number density. It is frequently applied to living organisms, and most of the time to humans and it is a key geographical term. Population density is population divided by land area or water volume. Low densities may cause a vortex and lead to further reduced fertility. This is called the Allee effect after the scientist who identified it, commonly this may be calculated for a county, city, country, another territory, or the entire world. The worlds population is around 7,000,000,000, therefore, the worldwide human population density is around 7,000,000,000 ÷510,000,000 =13.7 per km2. If only the Earths land area of 150,000,000 km2 is taken into account and this includes all continental and island land area, including Antarctica. If Antarctica is also excluded, then population density rises to over 50 people per km2, thus, this number by itself does not give any helpful measurement of human population density. Several of the most densely populated territories in the world are city-states, microstates, cities with high population densities are, by some, considered to be overpopulated, though this will depend on factors like quality of housing and infrastructure and access to resources. Most of the most densely populated cities are in Southeast Asia, though Cairo, for instance, Milwaukee has a greater population density when just the inner city is measured, and the surrounding suburbs excluded. Arithmetic density, The total number of people / area of land, physiological density, The total population / area of arable land. Agricultural density, The total rural population / area of arable land, residential density, The number of people living in an urban area / area of residential land. Urban density, The number of people inhabiting an urban area / total area of urban land, ecological optimum, The density of population that can be supported by the natural resources. S. States by population density Selected Current and Historic City, Ward & Neighborhood Density
16.
Median
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The median is the value separating the higher half of a data sample, a population, or a probability distribution, from the lower half. In simple terms, it may be thought of as the value of a data set. For example, in the set, the median is 6. The median is a commonly used measure of the properties of a set in statistics. The basic advantage of the median in describing data compared to the mean is that it is not skewed so much by extremely large or small values, and so it may give a better idea of a typical value. For example, in understanding statistics like household income or assets which vary greatly, Median income, for example, may be a better way to suggest what a typical income is. The median of a finite list of numbers can be found by arranging all the numbers from smallest to greatest, if there is an odd number of numbers, the middle one is picked. For example, consider the set of numbers,1,3,3,6,7,8,9 This set contains seven numbers, the median is the fourth of them, which is 6. If there are a number of observations, then there is no single middle value. For example, in the set,1,2,3,4,5,6,8,9 The median is the mean of the middle two numbers, this is ÷2, which is 4.5. The formula used to find the number of a data set of n numbers is ÷2. This either gives the number or the halfway point between the two middle values. For example, with 14 values, the formula will give 7.5, and you will also be able to find the median using the Stem-and-Leaf Plot. There is no accepted standard notation for the median. In any of these cases, the use of these or other symbols for the needs to be explicitly defined when they are introduced. The median is used primarily for skewed distributions, which it summarizes differently from the arithmetic mean, the median is 2 in this case, and it might be seen as a better indication of central tendency than the arithmetic mean of 4. The widely cited empirical relationship between the locations of the mean and the median for skewed distributions is, however. There are, however, various relationships for the difference between them, see below
17.
Non-Hispanic whites
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Non-Hispanic whites are a subcategory of white Americans, the other being white Hispanic and Latino Americans. In the United States, this population was first derived from English settlement of the Americas, as well as settlement by other Europeans such as the Germans and Dutch that began in the 17th century. In 2011, for the first time in U. S. history, non-Hispanic whites accounted for half of the births in the country. At 197.2 million in 2012, non-Hispanic whites comprise 62. 8% of the total U. S. population. The Non-Hispanic white population in the United States has been declining since the 1940s as a percentage of the total US population due to a number of factors,1, Non-Hispanic whites are having fewer children relative to other groups. Preliminary 2012 data show that whites have a total fertility rate of 1.76 children per woman, compared to 1.90 for non-Hispanic blacks,2.19 for Hispanics. Since 1990, rates for other races have been falling while the white rate has been more or less stable. The U. S. takes more immigrants than the rest of the world combined with the vast majority coming from countries where the population is of non-white and/or Hispanic origin, in 2009, approximately 90% of all immigrants came from non-European countries. The U. S. does receive a number of non-Hispanic white immigrants, mainly from countries such as Brazil, Canada, Poland, Russia. The USA is seeing an increase in intermarriage between the various racial and ethnic groups. In 2008, a record 14. 6% of all new marriages in the United States were between spouses of a different race or ethnicity from one another, 9% of non-Hispanic whites who married in 2008 married either a non-white or Hispanic. Among all newlyweds in 2008, intermarried pairings were primarily white-Hispanic of any race as compared to white-Asian, white-black, other combinations consists of pairings between different minority groups, multi-racial people, and American Indians. The children of such unions would not generally be classified as white Non-Hispanic, in the 2000 Census, people were allowed to check more than one race in addition to choosing Hispanic. There was strong opposition to this from some civil rights activists who feared that this would reduce the size of various racial minorities, the government responded by counting those who are white and of one minority race or ethnicity as minorities for the purposes of civil-rights monitoring and enforcement. Hence one could be 1/8th black and still be counted as a minority, also, because this does not apply to Hispanic origin, the offspring of Hispanics and non-Hispanics are usually counted as Hispanic. Minority populations are younger than non-Hispanic whites, the national median age in 2011 was 37.3 with non-Hispanic whites having the oldest median age while Hispanics have the youngest. Non-Hispanic blacks and non-Hispanic Asians also are younger than whites, although non-Hispanic whites are declining as a percentage, in actual numbers they have still been growing. From 2000 -2010 the non-Hispanic white population grew from 194,552,774 to 196,817,552 - A growth of 1. 2% over the 10-year period, as of 2012, four states are majority-minority, Hawaii, California, New Mexico, and Texas
18.
Hispanic and Latino Americans
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Hispanic Americans and Latino Americans, are Americans who are descendants of the peoples of Spain, Portugal, or the Spanish- or Portuguese-speaking countries of Latin America. More generally, it includes all persons in the United States who self-identify as Hispanic or Latino, other U. S. government agencies have slightly different definitions of the term, including Brazilians and other Portuguese-speaking groups. The Census Bureau uses the terms Hispanic and Latino interchangeably, origin can be viewed as the ancestry, nationality group, lineage, or country of birth of the person or the persons parents or ancestors before their arrival in the United States. People who identify as Spanish, Hispanic, or Latino may be of any race, as the only specifically designated category of ethnicity in the United States, Hispanics form a pan-ethnicity incorporating a diversity of inter-related cultural and linguistic heritages. Most Hispanic Americans are of Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, Salvadoran, Dominican, Guatemalan, the predominant origin of regional Hispanic populations varies widely in different locations across the country. Hispanic Americans are the second fastest-growing ethnic group in the United States after Asian Americans, hispanic/Latinos overall are the second-largest ethnic group in the United States, after non-Hispanic Whites. Hispanics have lived within what is now the United States continuously since the founding of St. Augustine by the Spanish in 1565, after Native Americans, Hispanics are the oldest ethnic group to inhabit much of what is today the United States. Spain colonized large areas of what is today the American Southwest and West Coast, the terms Hispanic and Latino refer to an ethnicity, people of this group may be of any race. Hispanic people may share some commonalities in their language, culture, history, according to the Smithsonian Institution, the term Latino includes peoples with Portuguese roots, such as Brazilians, as well as those of Spanish-language origin. In the United States, many Hispanics and Latinos are of both European and Native American ancestry, others are wholly or predominately of European ancestry, or wholly or predominantly of Amerindian ancestry. Many Hispanics and Latinos from the Caribbean, as well as regions of Latin America where African slavery was widespread. The difference between the terms Hispanic and Latino is confusing to some, the U. S. Census Bureau equates the two terms and defines them as referring to anyone from Spain and the Spanish-speaking countries of the Americas. The term Latino has developed a number of definitions, one definition of Latino is a Latin male in the United States. This is the oldest and the definition used in the United States. This definition encompasses Spanish speakers from both Europe and the Americas, under this definition, immigrants from Spain and immigrants from Latin America are both Latino. This definition is consistent with the 21st-century usage by the U. S. Census Bureau and OMB, a later definition of Latino is as a condensed form of the term Latino-Americano, the Spanish word for Latin-American, or someone who comes from Latin America. Under this definition a Mexican American or Puerto Rican, for example, is both a Hispanic and a Latino, a Brazilian American is also a Latino by this definition, which includes those of Portuguese-speaking origin from Latin America. An immigrant from Spain, however, would be classified as Hispanic, while the U. S. Census Bureaus definition of Hispanic is limited to Spain and Spanish-speaking Latin America, other government agencies have slightly different definitions of the term
19.
Asian Americans
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Asian Americans are Americans of Asian descent. The term refers to a group that includes diverse populations who have ancestral origins in East Asia, Southeast Asia, or South Asia. This includes people who indicate their race on the census as Asian or reported entries such as Asian Indian, Chinese, Filipino, Korean, Japanese, Vietnamese, and Other Asian. Asian Americans with no other ancestry comprise 4. 8% of the U. S. population, although migrants from Asia have been in parts of the contemporary United States since the 17th century, large-scale immigration did not begin until the mid-18th century. Nativist immigration laws during the 1880s-1920s excluded various Asian groups, eventually prohibiting almost all Asian immigration to the continental United States, after immigration laws were reformed during the 1940s-60s, abolishing national origins quotas, Asian immigration increased rapidly. Analyses of the 2010 census have shown that Asian Americans are the fastest growing racial or ethnic minority in the United States, starting in the first few years of the 2000 decade, Asian American earnings began exceeding all other racial groups for both men and women. For example, in 2008 Asian Americans had the highest median household income overall of any racial demographic, in 2012, Asian Americans had the highest educational attainment level and median household income of any racial demographic in the country. In 2015, Asian American men were the highest earning racial group as they earned 117% as much as white American men, once country of birth and other demographic factors are taken into account, Asian Americans are no more likely than non-Hispanic whites to live in poverty. As with other racial and ethnicity based terms, formal and common usage have changed markedly through the history of this term. Prior to the late 1960s, people of Asian ancestry were referred to as Oriental, Asiatic. Today, Asian American is the term for most formal purposes, such as government and academic research. The most commonly used definition of Asian American is the US Census Bureau definition, which all people with origins in the Far East, Southeast Asia. This is chiefly because the census definitions determine many government classifications, notably for equal opportunity programs, according to the Oxford English Dictionary, Asian person in the United States is sometimes thought of as a person of East Asian descent. In vernacular usage, Asian is often used to refer to those of East Asian descent or anyone else of Asian descent with epicanthic eyefolds. This differs from the U. S. Census definition and the Asian American Studies departments in many universities consider all those of East, before 1980, Census forms listed particular Asian ancestries as separate groups, along with white and black or negro. Asian Americans had also been classified as other, in 1977, the federal Office of Management and Budget issued a directive requiring government agencies to maintain statistics on racial groups, including on Asian or Pacific Islander. The 1980 census marked the first classification of Asians as a large group, by the 1990 census, Asian or Pacific Islander was included as an explicit category, although respondents had to select one particular ancestry as a subcategory. The 2000 census onwards separated the category into two separate ones, Asian American and Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander, the definition of Asian American has variations that derive from the use of the word American in different contexts
20.
African Americans
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African Americans are an ethnic group of Americans with total or partial ancestry from any of the Black racial groups of Africa. The term may also be used to only those individuals who are descended from enslaved Africans. As a compound adjective the term is usually hyphenated as African-American, Black and African Americans constitute the third largest racial and ethnic group in the United States. Most African Americans are of West and Central African descent and are descendants of enslaved peoples within the boundaries of the present United States. On average, African Americans are of 73. 2–80. 9% West African, 18–24% European, according to US Census Bureau data, African immigrants generally do not self-identify as African American. The overwhelming majority of African immigrants identify instead with their own respective ethnicities, immigrants from some Caribbean, Central American and South American nations and their descendants may or may not also self-identify with the term. After the founding of the United States, black people continued to be enslaved, believed to be inferior to white people, they were treated as second-class citizens. The Naturalization Act of 1790 limited U. S. citizenship to whites only, in 2008, Barack Obama became the first African American to be elected President of the United States. The first African slaves arrived via Santo Domingo to the San Miguel de Gualdape colony, the ill-fated colony was almost immediately disrupted by a fight over leadership, during which the slaves revolted and fled the colony to seek refuge among local Native Americans. De Ayllón and many of the colonists died shortly afterwards of an epidemic, the settlers and the slaves who had not escaped returned to Haiti, whence they had come. The first recorded Africans in British North America were 20 and odd negroes who came to Jamestown, as English settlers died from harsh conditions, more and more Africans were brought to work as laborers. Typically, young men or women would sign a contract of indenture in exchange for transportation to the New World, the landowner received 50 acres of land from the state for each servant purchased from a ships captain. An indentured servant would work for years without wages. The status of indentured servants in early Virginia and Maryland was similar to slavery, servants could be bought, sold, or leased and they could be physically beaten for disobedience or running away. Africans could legally raise crops and cattle to purchase their freedom and they raised families, married other Africans and sometimes intermarried with Native Americans or English settlers. By the 1640s and 1650s, several African families owned farms around Jamestown and some became wealthy by colonial standards and purchased indentured servants of their own. In 1640, the Virginia General Court recorded the earliest documentation of slavery when they sentenced John Punch. One of Dutch African arrivals, Anthony Johnson, would own one of the first black slaves, John Casor
21.
Los Angeles County, California
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Los Angeles County, officially the County of Los Angeles, is the most populous county in both the United States and the state of California, the countrys most populous state. Its population is larger than that of 42 individual U. S. states and it has 88 incorporated cities and many unincorporated areas and at 4,083 square miles, it is larger than the combined areas of the U. S. states of Delaware and Rhode Island. The county is home to more than one-quarter of California residents and is one of the most ethnically diverse counties in the U. S and its county seat, the City of Los Angeles, is also its most populous city at about four million. Los Angeles County is one of the counties of California. The county originally included parts of what are now Kern, San Bernardino, Riverside, as the population increased, sections were split off to organize San Bernardino County in 1853, Kern County in 1866, and Orange County in 1889. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 4,751 square miles, Los Angeles County borders 70 miles of coast on the Pacific Ocean and encompasses mountain ranges, valleys, forests, islands, lakes, rivers, and desert. The western extent of the Mojave Desert begins in the Antelope Valley, most of the population of Los Angeles County is located in the south and southwest, with major population centers in the Los Angeles Basin, San Fernando Valley and San Gabriel Valley. Other population centers are found in the Santa Clarita Valley, Pomona Valley, Crescenta Valley, the county is divided west-to-east by the San Gabriel Mountains, which are part of the Transverse Ranges of southern California, and are contained mostly within the Angeles National Forest. Los Angeles County includes San Clemente Island and Santa Catalina Island, non-Hispanic whites numbered 2,728,321, or 28% of the population. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race numbered 4,687,889, 36% of Los Angeles Countys population was of Mexican ancestry,3. 7% Salvadoran, and 2. 2% Guatemalan heritage. The largest Asian groups of the 1,346,865 Asians in Los Angeles County are 4. 0% Chinese,3. 3% Filipino,2. 2% Korean,1. 0% Japanese,0. 9% Vietnamese,0. 8% Indian, and 0. 3% Cambodian. The racial makeup of the county is 48. 7% White,11. 0% African American,0. 8% Native American,10. 0% Asian,0. 3% Pacific Islander,23. 5% from other races, and 4. 9% from two or more races. 44. 6% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race, the largest European-American ancestry groups are German, Irish, English and Italian. 45. 9% of the population reported speaking only English at home,37. 9% spoke Spanish,2. 22% Tagalog,2. 0% Chinese,1. 9% Korean,1. 87% Armenian,0. 5% Arabic, and 0. 2% Hindi. At the census of 2000, there were 9,519,338 people,3,133,774 households, the population density was 2,344 people per square mile. There were 3,270,909 housing units at a density of 806 per square mile. 25% of all households were made up of individuals and 7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.98 and the average family size was 3.61. In the county, the population was out with 28% under the age of 18, 10% from 18 to 24, 33% from 25 to 44, 19% from 45 to 64
22.
Mapping L.A.
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The project began in February 2009 with the posting online of the first version of boundary lines for eighty-seven Los Angeles city neighborhoods. The map was redrawn with the help of readers who agreed or disagreed with our initial boundaries. The media company said, After reviewing this collective knowledge, Times staffers adjusted more than 100 boundaries, eliminated some names, according to the Times, the project was created by the Data Desk, a team of reporters and Web developers in downtown L. A. The Times said that the Mapping L. A. project became the media companys resource for neighborhood boundaries, demographics, crime, the results as posted are searchable by address and ZIP code or by individual neighborhood. It noted that, The maps cover the 4,000 square miles of Los Angeles County — by far the most populous county in the nation — from the desert to the coast. In 2009, there were an estimated 9.8 million residents, up from 9.5 million counted in the 2000 U. S. census, the basis for The Times’ demographic analysis for each neighborhood and region. Unlike most other attempts at mapping L. A. this one follows a set of principles intended to make it visually and statistically coherent and it gathers every block of the city into reasonably compact areas leaving no enclaves, gaps, overhangs or ambiguities. Thousands of city blocks were converted into a picture of Los Angeles neighborhoods, with no ambiguities. The website provides the following categories, among others
23.
Valley Village, Los Angeles
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Valley Village is a neighborhood in the city of Los Angeles, located within the San Fernando Valley. The local post office on Magnolia Boulevard canceled all mail with a Valley Village postmark and it was, however, officially a section of North Hollywood. Rather, he said, It was one economic level seeking to have its own identity. Quinn wrote that, Houses along Valley Villages lushly landscaped, graffiti-free streets cost up to $800,000, elsewhere in North Hollywood, that same size entry-level house can be purchased for as little as $150,000, real estate agents say. And the cheaper house is likely to have an overgrown, dusty yard and to be in a neighborhood reeling from crime, with gang graffiti splattered on block walls and street signs. Councilman Joel Wachs said he would support the drive, although he rejected the details of an advisory panel for the area. He said a proposed panel of homeowners might overlook the concerns of renters, residents complained about blocked views, parking problems and traffic congestion because of buildings as high as five stories next to their single-family homes. The measure would not have banned construction but would have limited all new buildings to two stories and the footage of commercial development to 1 1/2 times the size of the lot. It was touted as a temporary measure until city planners could conduct public hearings on new, eventually, the Los Angeles city Planning Commission recommended that a three-story limit be adopted for the Valley Village area. Although in 1994 the Los Angeles Times called Valley Village an area of residences, the 2000 census found that renters occupied 68. 7% of the housing units. In 2006 Valley Village was described in another article as a neighborhood mostly of 1, 700-foot, single-story Spanish-, most of the 3,881 single-family homes were on residential streets, and 1,073 condos and 8,213 apartment units lined the main boulevards. The 2. 09-square-mile Valley Village lies north of Studio City, east of Sherman Oaks, and south and west of North Hollywood. A total of 24,190 people lived in Valley Villages 2.09 square miles, according to the 2000 U. S. census – averaging 11,600 people per square mile, population was estimated at 25,665 in 2008. With its percentage of people considered high for Los Angeles County, Valley Village is still moderately diverse in its ethnic makeup. The diversity index measures the probability that any two residents, chosen at random, would be of different ethnicities, if all residents are of the same ethnic group its zero. If half are from one group and half from another its.50. Whites made up 66. 7% of the population, Latinos were 18. 9%%, with people at 5. 5% and Asians and others. There is a sizable Jewish community, the $55,470 median household income in 2008 dollars was average for the city and county
24.
Toluca Lake, Los Angeles
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Toluca Lake is a neighborhood in the city of Los Angeles located in the San Fernando Valley region of Los Angeles County, California,12 miles northwest of Downtown. The name is given to a private natural lake which is fed by the Los Angeles River. Like most outer-Los Angeles neighborhoods, Toluca Lake functions as an entity, with its own post office, ZIP code. A small part of Toluca Lake spills over into nearby Burbank, the history of Toluca Lake can be traced back to the days of the Tongva Indians, followed by Spanish and Mexican occupation and development. It was part of the rancho system and then it was later divided. In 1923, investors bought and developed the land as Toluca Lake Park, in recent years the neighborhood has been the home of noted entertainment and other personalities and was the site of the wedding reception for Ronald and Nancy Reagan. More recently yet there has been opposition to a development in North Hollywood by NBCUniversal. The Los Angeles portion of Toluca Lake is situated on 1.22 square miles of the southeastern San Fernando Valley, the geologic Toluca Lake is a 6-acre body of water located near the district’s southeastern boundaries. The historic natural lake was fed by springs of upwelling groundwater from the substantial Los Angeles River and San Fernando Valley subterranean aquifers. Late 19th and 20th century L. A. DWP well extraction and 1930s concrete river channelization lowered the water table, the bottom of the lake is surfaced with four inches of asphalt concrete to prevent seepage. Owned by the homeowners, the lake has been maintained by the Toluca Lake Property Owners Association. The lake, surrounded by residences and the Lakeside Golf Club, is inaccessible to the public. The Los Angeles portion of Toluca Lake had a population of 7,782 in the 2000 census, at 6,393 people per square mile, its density was among the lowest in the city of Los Angeles. According to the Los Angeles Times, its percentage of people,71. 9%, was high for the county. Other ethnicities were Latino 14%, black 5. 3% and Asian 5%, german and Irish were the most common ancestries. Only 17. 7% of its residents were foreign-born, a low compared to the city as a whole, of those, Mexico at 14. 7%. The median household income level of its residents was $73,111 in 2008, the average household size was 1.9 people, low for both the city and the county. 62. 2% of its units were occupied by renters and 37. 8% by owners
25.
Universal City, California
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Universal City is an unincorporated area within the San Fernando Valley region of Los Angeles County, California, United States. This 70 percent portion of the property remains unincorporated to avoid the City of Los Angeles business taxes, located within the area of Universal City is the Universal Studios Hollywood film studio and theme park and the Universal CityWalk shopping and entertainment center. Within the Los Angeles city limits are 10 Universal City Plaza, a 36-floor office building for Universal and NBC, the Sheraton Universal, the Metro Red Line underground station of the same name is located opposite the 10 Universal Plaza. A Los Angeles County Sheriffs Department station is located at Universal CityWalk, the Los Angeles County Fire Department Station 51 is of special significance to Universal, as Station 51 was the fictional setting of the Universal and Jack Webb television series Emergency. Universal Citys ZIP code is 91608, and the community is inside area code 818, Carl Laemmle officially opened the Second Universal City on March 15,1915, on the 230-acre Taylor Ranch property. See how slapstick comedies are made, see your favorite screen stars do their work. See how we make the people laugh or cry or sit on the edge of their chairs the world over, stated a poster touting Universals opening. Universal Pictures founder was a German immigrant who opened his first nickelodeon in Chicago in 1906 and he moved to New York City, where he soon joined with half a dozen small motion picture companies to create the movie company he called Universal Pictures. In 1912, Laemmle briefly operated three small studios - Bison, Nestor, and Oak Crest Ranch, after a court battle with New York Motion Picture Company, control of the Bison lot was returned to the New York Motion Picture Company. The court allowed Carl Laemmle to retain use of the name Bison as Bison 101 for his westerns, the Oak Crest Ranch is where Laemmle filmed the western At Old Fort Dearborn. The Providencia Land and Water company, called Oak Crest Ranch in the trade papers, in 1913, Laemmle decided to consolidate the Nestor studio and Oak Crest ranch property. His first Universal City was too small, so he ordered a search for a new and larger property in the valley, Laemmle leased Providencia ranchland in the San Fernando Valley in 1912. Other studio chiefs laughed, calling the place Laemmles Folly and jeering that it was so far out of town that Laemmle could film scenery for free anywhere he wanted, Laemmle himself had second thoughts and worried that maybe he had made a huge mistake. But he was to live his greatest dreams. Success was found all around with his city containing streets, bungalows, sets, in the meantime, Laemmle added a zoo to the Oak Crest Ranch – which was open to visitors to generate free advertising by word of mouth. The Rotarians of Los Angeles were one of the groups permitted to visit the Oak Crest - Universal City. The Oak Crest ranch being too small for his larger Universal City, Laemmle bought the Lankershim Land and Water property, in 1914, operations at The Oak Ranch were moved to the Taylor ranch. The Universal ranch zoo was moved to the Back Ranch of the Lankershim property, the new Universal City was opened for Universal staff in 1914
26.
Hollywood Hills West, Los Angeles
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Hollywood Hills West is an urban neighborhood within Central Los Angeles, California. There are three city parks and one elementary school, Hollywood Hills West touches Studio City on the north, Hollywood Hills on the east, Hollywood and West Hollywood on the south and Beverly Hills and Beverly Crest on the west. On the west the neighborhood ends at the Beverly Hills city line (Trousdale Estates, the neighborhood includes Mount Olympus, Laurel Canyon and Nichols Canyon. The population was estimated at 16,003 in 2008, the median age for residents was 41, considered old for the city and the county as a whole. The percentages of residents aged 35 and above are among the countys highest, the neighborhood is not particularly diverse, the diversity index being 0.273, and the percentage of white people is considered high, at 84. 9%. Latinos make up 5. 8%, Asians are at 3. 9%, blacks at 2. 7%, the median household income in 2008 dollars was $108,199, considered high for both the city and county. The percentage of households earning $125,000 or more was high, compared to the city, the average household size of 1.9 people was relatively low. Homeowners occupied 63. 6% of the units, and renters occupied the rest. In 2000 there were 178 families headed by single parents, or 5. 8%, the percentages of never-married men and divorced men were among the countys highest. A high number of the residents were military veterans—8. 4% of the population, the neighborhood is home to three City of Los Angeles recreation facilities—Laurel Canyon Park, Wattles Garden Park and Runyon Canyon Park
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Beverly Crest, Los Angeles
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Beverly Crest is a neighborhood in the Santa Monica Mountains, in the Westside area of the city of Los Angeles, California. The north of Sunset section of the Holmby Hills neighborhood is within Beverly Crest. The 2000 U. S. census counted 10,852 residents in the 8. 24-square-mile Beverly Crest neighborhood—or 1,318 people per mile, among the lowest population densities for the city. In 2008, the city estimated that the population had increased to 11,569, in 2000 the median age for residents was 45, which was high for city and county neighborhoods. The percentages of residents aged 35 and older were among the countys highest, the neighborhood was considered not especially diverse ethnically within Los Angeles, with a relatively high percentage of Caucasian residents. The breakdown was whites,87. 5%, Asians,4. 0%, Latinos,3. 4%, blacks 1. 7%, other races 3. 3%. Iran and the United Kingdom were the most common places of birth for the 25% of the residents who were born abroad—which was a percentage for Los Angeles as a whole. The median yearly income in 2008 dollars was $169,282, considered high for the city. Renters occupied 10% of the stock, and house- or apartment-owners held 90%. The average household size of 2.4 people was considered typical for Los Angeles, the 5. 6% of families headed by single parents was low for city and county neighborhoods. The percentages of married people in Bel Air were among the countys highest—63. 4% for men and 59. 5% for women, there were 896 veterans, or 10. 2% of the population, a high proportion compared to the rest of the city and county. The area of Beverly Crest is roughly triangular, with Sherman Oaks to the north, Bel Air to the southwest, the neighborhood of Hollywood Hills West is nearby on the east. By this definition, Beverly Crest includes Benedict Canyon, Franklin Canyon, eastern portions of the Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area lie in this area. More than two-thirds of Beverly Crest residents aged 25 and older had earned a degree by 2000, a high percentage for the city. The percentages of residents in that age range with a degree or greater were high for the county. The Los Angeles Unified School District operates public schools serving Beverly Crest, one school is within the boundaries of Beverly Crest—Harvard-Westlake, a private middle school at 700 North Faring Road. List of districts and neighborhoods in Los Angeles The Pritzker Estate Bel Air-Beverly Crest Neighborhood Council Comments about living in Beverly Crest—Mapping L. A, Los Angeles Times Beverly Crest crime map and statistics—Mapping L. A. Los Angeles Times Bel Air - Beverly Crest planning profile—Los Angeles Department of City Planning
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Sherman Oaks, Los Angeles
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Sherman Oaks is a neighborhood in the San Fernando Valley region of Los Angeles, California, founded in 1927 with boundary changes afterward. The neighborhood includes a portion of the Santa Monica Mountains, which gives Sherman Oaks a lower density than some other areas in Los Angeles. A partner of the Los Angeles Suburban Homes Company, Gen. Moses Hazeltine Sherman, the company had subdivided 1,000 acres of land that would become Sherman Oaks. In 1927 each acre was sold for $780, shermans other major venture was the Los Angeles Pacific Railroad. Petitioners in the area argued that their neighborhood was part of Sherman Oaks. As a result of change, Van Nuys Middle School became separated from its namesake neighborhood. Finally, in 2009, the Los Angeles City council voted to redraw neighborhood boundaries again to allow an area of about 1,800 homes in Van Nuys to be included and this proposal attracted criticism from locals. The 1994 Northridge earthquake caused damages in the surrounding area, the Community Redevelopment Agency sought to manage the rebuilding efforts. The homeowners in the Sherman Oaks area later won a lawsuit to prevent the agency from managing efforts, as of the 2010 census, according to the San Fernando Valley Almanac, Sherman Oaks had a population of 52,677 people and 25,255 households. The racial makeup of the neighborhood was 82% non-Hispanic white, 5% Asian American and 3% African American, other races made up less than 1%. In 2008, the city estimated that the resident population had increased to 65,436, in 2000, the percentages of residents aged 19 to 49 and 65 and older were among the countys highest. The percentages of divorced residents and of widows were among the countys highest, the average household size of two people was low when compared to the rest of the city and the county. Renters occupied 58. 9% of the stock and house- or apartment-owners held 41. 1%. The neighborhood was considered not especially diverse ethnically within Los Angeles, the breakdown was whites,73. 8%, Latinos,11. 8%, Asians,5. 7%, blacks,4. 4%, and others,4. 4%. Iran and Mexico were the most common places of birth for the 26. 2% of the residents who were born abroad—an average percentage for Los Angeles. The neighborhood had a household income of $69,651 in 2008. The percentage of households that earned $125,000 and up was high for Los Angeles County, Los Angeles Fire Department operates Station 88 Sherman Oaks and Station 102 South Van Nuys/Valley Glen in Sherman Oaks. In addition the department operates Fire Station 78, which serves Sherman Oaks, the Los Angeles Police Department operates the nearby Van Nuys Community Police Station at 6240 Sylmar Avenue,91401, serving the community
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Van Nuys
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Van Nuys /vænˈnaɪz/ is a neighborhood in the central San Fernando Valley region of the city of Los Angeles, California. The town was founded in 1911, and named for Isaac Newton Van Nuys and it was annexed by Los Angeles on May 22,1915, after completion of the Los Angeles Aqueduct, providing it with the water required for further growth. Van Nuys was the first new stop on the San Fernando Line of the Pacific Electric Railway red cars system, which boosted its early land sales and commercial success. In 1991 Marvin Braude, a member of the Los Angeles City Council and this redesignated area included the community of Magnolia Woods. Some area residents had presented a petition and several original deeds that stated Sherman Oaks to Braude and they argued that the area was originally a part of Sherman Oaks until the 1960s, when ZIP codes labeling the area as Van Nuys were established. In 2014, A Great Streets project was introduced by Mayor Eric Garcetti with Van Nuys Blvd. to be redesigned between Victory Blvd. and Oxnard Street, also, Sepulveda Blvd. was resurfaced between Victory Blvd and Oxnard Street in May 2014. A new Los Angeles County services building is under construction on the southwest corner of Van Nuys Blvd. on February 14,2016, some 170 firefighters battled a fire at the abandoned Voyager Motel at 6500 N. Sepulveda Blvd. The 2000 U. S. census counted 103,770 residents in the 8. 99-square-mile Van Nuys neighborhood—or 11,542 people per square mile, in 2008, the city estimated that the population had increased to 110,747. In 2000 the median age for residents was 28, considered young for city and county neighborhoods, the neighborhood was considered moderately diverse ethnically within Los Angeles. The breakdown was Hispanics,60. 5%, whites,23. 1%, Asians,6. 4%, blacks, 6%, and others, 4%. Mexico and El Salvador were the most common places of birth for the 49. 8% of the residents who were born abroad—a high percentage for Los Angeles. There were 4,917 families headed by single parents, or 21. 3%, the median yearly household income in 2008 dollars was $41,134, considered average for the city but low for the county. The percentages of households that earned $40,000 or less were high for the county, renters occupied 73. 9% of the housing stock, and house- or apartment-owners held 26. 1%. Van Nuys Airport Van Nuys Boulevard Metro Orange Line bicycle path Van Nuys FlyAway Bus service Galpin Auto Sports — Pimp My Ride. Sound City Studios Los Angeles Fire Department operates Station 39, Station 90 Van Nuys Airport Area, Station 100 West Van Nuys, the Los Angeles Police Department operates the nearby Van Nuys Community Police Station at 6420 Sylmar Avenue,91401, serving the neighborhood. The U. S. Census Bureau operates the Los Angeles Regional Office in Van Nuys, the Social Security Administration operates a branch office on Van Nuys Boulevard north of Victory Boulevard in Van Nuys. The Van Nuys Recreation Area is in Van Nuys, the area has an auditorium and gymnasium with a capacity of 420 people, and a multipurpose/community room with a capacity of 20–25 people. The Van Nuys adjacent Sepulveda Basin Recreation Area to the west is an open space park behind Sepulveda Dam
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North Hollywood, Los Angeles
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North Hollywood is a neighborhood in the San Fernando Valley region of the city of Los Angeles. It is home to the NoHo Arts District and the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences, there is a municipal park and a recreation center. The neighborhood is an important transportation center, and it is also a place where many people have lived or worked. North Hollywood was established by the Lankershim Ranch Land and Water Company in 1887 and it was first named Toluca before being renamed Lankershim in 1896 and finally North Hollywood in 1927. It is not contiguous with Hollywood, being separated by parts of the San Fernando Valley. In 2008, the city estimated that the population had increased to 87,241, in 2000 the median age for residents was 30, considered an average age for city and county neighborhoods, the percentage of residents aged 19 to 34 was among the countys highest. The neighborhood was considered moderately diverse ethnically within Los Angeles, the breakdown was Latinos,57. 7%, whites, 27%, Asians,5. 7%, blacks,5. 6%, and others, 4%. Mexico and El Salvador were the most common places of birth for the 46. 4% of the residents who were born abroad—a high percentage for Los Angeles, the percentages of never-married men and never-married women were among the countys highest. The median yearly income in 2008 dollars was $42,791, considered average for the city. The percentages of households that earned $40,000 or less were high for the county, renters occupied 75. 4% of the housing stock, and house- or apartment-owners held 24. 6%. North Hollywood is bordered on the north by Sun Valley and on the northeast and east by Burbank, Toluca Lake borders North Hollywood on the southeast and south, and Studio City abuts it on the southwest. It is flanked by Valley Village and Valley Glen on the west, North Hollywood was once part of the vast landholdings of the Mission San Fernando Rey de España, which was confiscated by the government during the Mexican period of rule. A group of investors assembled as the San Fernando Farm Homestead Association purchased the half of the Rancho Ex-Mission San Fernando. The leading investor was Isaac Lankershim, a Northern California stockman and grain farmer, in 1873, Isaac Lankershims son and future son-in-law, James Boon Lankershim and Isaac Newton Van Nuys, moved to the San Ferndando Valley and took over management of the property. Van Nuys thought the property could profitably grow wheat using the dryland farming developed on the Great Plains. In time the Lankershim property, under its name, the Los Angeles Farming and Milling Company. Lankershim established a townsite which the residents named Toluca along the old road from Cahuenga Pass to San Fernando, the land boom of the 1880s went bust by the 1890s, but despite another brutal drought cycle in the late 1890s, the fruit and nut farmers remained solvent. The Toluca Fruit Growers Association was formed in 1894, the next year the Southern Pacific opened a branch line slanting northwest across the Valley to Chatsworth
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Hollywood Hills
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The Hollywood Hills are a part of the Santa Monica Mountains and also a hillside neighborhood of the same name in the central region of the city of Los Angeles, California. The Hollywood Hills are the part of the Santa Monica Mountains and it includes Forest Lawn Memorial Park, the Hollywood Reservoir, the Hollywood Sign, the Hollywood Bowl and the John Anson Ford Theater. Hollywood Hills is bisected southeast-northwest by US101, relation of the Hollywood Hills to nearby areas, The neighborhood of Hollywood Hills includes the Hollywood Bowl and Forest Lawn Memorial Park as well as two private and three public schools. The population was estimated at 22,988 in 2008, the median age for residents was 37, considered old for the city and the county. The percentages of residents aged 19 through 64 were among the countys highest, the neighborhood is not particularly diverse for the city, the diversity index being 0.433, and the percentage of white people is considered high, at 74. 1%. Latinos make up 9. 4%, Asians are at 6. 7%, African American at 4. 6%, the median household income in 2008 dollars was $69,277, considered high for the city but about average for the county. The percentage of households earning $125,000 or more was high, the average household size of 1.8 people was relatively low. Renters occupied 56. 5% of the units, and homeowners the rest. In 2000, there were 270 families headed by single parents, or 6. 9%, in 2000,54. 8% of residents aged 25 and older held a four-year degree, considered high when compared with the city and the county as a whole. Davies, Los Angeles City Council member, 1943–51, active against gravel extraction in the hills Los Angeles Times Los Angeles Times Hollywood Hills crime map and statistics
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Santa Monica Mountains
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The Santa Monica Mountains is a coastal mountain range in Southern California, paralleling the Pacific Ocean. It is part of the Transverse Ranges, because of its proximity to densely populated regions, it is one of the most visited natural areas in California. Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area is located in this mountain range, the range extends approximately 40 miles east-west from the Hollywood Hills in Los Angeles to Point Mugu in Ventura County. The mountain range contributed to the isolation of this vast coastal plain before regular transportation routes reached western Ventura County, the eastern mountains form a barrier between the San Fernando Valley and the Los Angeles Basin, separating the Valley on the north and west-central Los Angeles on the south. The Santa Monica Mountains are parallel to Santa Susana Mountains, which are located north of the mountains across the San Fernando Valley. The range is of height, with no particularly craggy or prominent peaks outside the Sandstone Peak. While often rugged and wild, the hosts a substantial amount of human activity. Houses, roads, businesses, and recreational centers are dotted throughout the Santa Monica Mountains, a number of creeks in the Santa Monica Mountains are part of the Los Angeles River watershed. Beginning at the end of the San Fernando Valley the river runs to the north of the mountains. After passing between the range and the Verdugo Mountains it flows south around Elysian Park defining the easternmost extent of the mountains, the Santa Monica Mountains have more than 1,000 archeology sites of significance, primarily from the Californian Native American cultures of the Tongva and Chumash people. The mountains were part of their homelands for over eight thousand years before the arrival of the Spanish. The Spanish mission system had a impact on their culture and by 1831. Geologists consider the northern Channel Islands to be an extension of the Santa Monicas into the Pacific Ocean. The range was created by repeated episodes of uplifting and submergence by the Raymond Fault that created complex layers of sedimentary rock, volcanic intrusions have been exposed, including the poorly named, andesitic, Sandstone Peak the highest in the range at 3,111 feet. Malibu Creek, which eroded its own channel while the mountains were slowly uplifted, the Santa Monica Mountains have dry summers with frequent coastal fog on the ocean side of the range and wet, cooler winters. In the summer, the climate is dry, which makes the range prone to wildfires. Snow is unusual in the Santa Monica Mountains, since they are not as high as the nearby San Gabriel Mountains. The highest slopes of the central and western Santa Monica Mountains average as much as 27 inches of rain per year, the bulk of the rain falls between November and March
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Laurel Canyon, Los Angeles
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Laurel Canyon is a neighborhood and canyon located in the Hollywood Hills region of the Santa Monica Mountains, in the Hollywood Hills West district of Los Angeles, California. Laurel Canyon is focused on its central thoroughfare, Laurel Canyon Boulevard, however, unlike other nearby canyon neighborhoods, Laurel Canyon has houses lining one side of the main street most of the way up to Mulholland Drive. There are many roads that branch off the main canyon. Some of the side streets are Mount Olympus, Kirkwood, Wonderland Avenue, Willow Glen. The zip code for a portion of the neighborhood is 90046, Laurel Canyon Boulevard is an important North-South route between, West Hollywood, Hollywood, and Central Los Angeles, and Studio City and the eastern San Fernando Valley. The canyons division between the two regions is defined by Mulholland Drive, in early 2005, the first section of the road on the Hollywood side was partially washed away in a heavy rainstorm, and traffic was redirected to a normally quiet residential side street. The Laurel Canyon area was inhabited by the Tongva people, a tribe of the indigenous peoples of California. A spring-fed stream flowed year-round providing water, the reliable water attracted colonial Spanish ranchers who started sheep grazing on the hillsides in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. After the Mexican-American War and U. S. statehood, the area was settled by Americans interested in water rights, around the turn of the 20th century, the area was subdivided and marketed as mountain vacation properties. Travel to the subdivided lots and cabins further up the canyon was at first made on foot or by mule. As the roads were improved access was possible by automobile, around 1920, a local developer built the Lookout Mountain Inn at the summit of Lookout Mountain and Sunset Plaza roads, which burned just a few years after opening. It was once occupied by silent film star Tom Mix but spent years on the rental market, in 1968 it was rented by Frank Zappa who turned it into a recording studio and celebrity hangout. Zappa moved out after six months, and the house burned to the ground on Halloween 1981, directly across the street, at 2400 Laurel Canyon Blvd. is site of the home, long-gone, that magician Harry Houdini may have rented around 1919. It was originally the Walker estate, John Phillips of the Mamas & the Papas took inspiration from their home in Laurel Canyon in the song Twelve Thirty a. k. a. In 1968, John Mayall recorded and released Blues from Laurel Canyon based on his experiences on a vacation earlier that year, famed photographer Henry Diltz was also a resident and used the scenic Canyon backdrop for many of his historic photos of rock musicians casually socializing. Several of his photos became iconic representations of the 1960s & 1970s West Coast music scene, crosby, Stills, and Nash are reputed to have first sung together in her living room. Musician J. Tillman has said that his output under the moniker Father John Misty was partly inspired by a relocation to and personal reinvention in Laurel Canyon. The song I Went to the Store One Day, from his 2015 album I Love You, Honeybear, recounts the story of how Tillman met his wife, Emma, in the parking lot of the Laurel Canyon Country Store
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Ernie Anderson
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Ernest Earle Ernie Anderson was an American television and radio voice actor, horror host, comic actor, and disc jockey. He was the father of film director Paul Thomas Anderson, Anderson was born in Boston and grew up in Lynn, Massachusetts, the son of Emily and Ernest C. Anderson. Anderson planned to go to law school, but instead joined the U. S. Navy during World War II to avoid being drafted, in an interview, his son Paul Thomas Anderson spoke of his military service, He was in the Navy stationed mainly in Guam. I dont think he did any fighting, I think he was trying - he was fixing airplanes and knew just where the beer was stashed and played the saxophone in bands and stuff like that. You know, every picture I have of him a beer in his hand, every single picture from the war hes got - so he was pretty good about probably finding ways to get out of fighting. But again, you know, we never really talked that much about it, after the war, Anderson attended Suffolk University for two years, then took a job as a disc jockey at WSKI in Montpelier, Vermont. Anderson worked as a jockey in Albany, New York and Providence, Rhode Island before moving to Cleveland. After WHK switched to a Top 40 format in late 1958, Anderson was let go as his persona didnt fit with the formats newer, so Ernie looks at him and says, Why did you do you that. And his boss says, I anticipated it, so Ernie said, Anticipate this and tells him yourself. Anderson switched to television, joining the Cleveland NBC affiliate KYW-TV, when the two joined the station, Anderson sold Conway to WJWs management team as a director for the program, even though Conway lacked qualifications and experience for that position. Conway proved unable to do the work, and other staffers, including technician Chuck Schodowski, were called in to assist, from 1963 to 1966, Anderson hosted Shock Theater under the alter ego of Ghoulardi, a hipster that defied the common perception of a horror host. While this version of Shock Theater also featured grade B science fiction and horror movies, Ghoulardi mocked the films he was hosting, often, comedic sound effects or music would be inserted in place of the movies audio track. Occasionally, Ghoulardi would even insert himself into a film and appear to run from the monster and he loved firecrackers and started by blowing up apples and leftovers and graduated to blowing up model cars, statues and other items sent in by viewers. One remnant of Ernies Place was also revived, the comedy sketches and skits. On occasion, Conway would make appearances on the program and serve as a writer. Andersons Ghoulardi persona often lampooned unhip targets, the most famous being Dorothy Fuldheim, Fuldheim was the first woman to anchor a TV news show in the United States, and a lifelong staffer for Clevelands ABC affiliate WEWS. She openly expressed a dislike for Anderson, feeling that the youth of Ohio were under attack with his pot jokes and childish antics, Ghoulardi responded by mocking her every week, usually referring to her as Dorothy Baby. Their mutual on-air jibes created what viewers considered a battle of the beatnik, Parma Place became an instant hit among the viewers, but its heavy usage of ethnic jokes and asides toward Parma eventually caused that citys elected officials to complain to WJW management
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Paul Thomas Anderson
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Paul Thomas Anderson also known as P. T. Interested in film-making since a young age, Anderson was encouraged by his father to become a filmmaker, in 1993, he wrote and directed a short film titled Cigarettes & Coffee on a budget of $20,000. After he attended the Sundance Institute, Anderson had a deal with Rysher Entertainment to direct his first feature film, Anderson received critical and commercial success for his film Boogie Nights, set during the Golden Age of Porn in the 1970s and 1980s. His third feature, Magnolia, takes place over a day in the San Fernando Valley, following the interconnected lives of several characters in search of happiness. It received strongly positive reviews despite struggling at the box office, in 2002, the romantic comedy-drama Punch-Drunk Love, Andersons fourth feature, was released to generally favorable reviews. The epic drama There Will Be Blood, set in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, released after a five-year absence, it garnered wide acclaim from critics. Andersons sixth film, the drama The Master, was released to critical acclaim and his seventh film, the crime comedy-drama Inherent Vice, based on the novel of the same name by Thomas Pynchon, was released in 2014, to general acclaim. His eighth film, Junun, is a documentary about the making of an album of the same name, Anderson has been nominated for six Academy Awards over the course of his career, while his works have earned a further fourteen Academy Award nominations for cast and crew. There Will Be Blood has been named by critics as the best film of the 2000s. It later ranked, along with The Master and Inherent Vice, Anderson was born June 26,1970, in Studio City, California, to Edwina and Ernie Anderson. Ernie was an actor who was the voice of ABC and a Cleveland television late-night horror movie host known as Ghoulardi, Anderson grew up in the San Fernando Valley. He is third youngest of nine children, and had a relationship with his mother but was close with his father. Anderson attended a number of schools, including Buckley in Sherman Oaks, John Thomas Dye School, Campbell Hall School, Cushing Academy, Anderson was involved in filmmaking at a young age and never really had an alternative plan to directing films. He made his first movie when he was eight years old and he later started using 8 mm film but realized that video was easier. He began writing in adolescence, and at 17 years old he began experimenting with a Bolex sixteen millimeter camera. After years of experimenting with standard fare, he wrote and filmed his first real production as a senior in school at Montclair Prep using money he earned cleaning cages at a pet store. Feeling that the material shown to him at film school turned the experience into homework or a chore, the film was screened at the 1993 Sundance Festival Shorts Program. He decided to expand the film into a film and was subsequently invited to the 1994 Sundance Feature Film Program
36.
Dana Andrews
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Carver Dana Andrews was an American film actor. He was one of Hollywoods major stars of the 1940s, and continued acting, though generally in less prestigious roles, into the 1980s. One of his roles, and the one for which he received the most praise, was as war veteran Fred Derry in The Best Years of Our Lives. Andrews was born on a farmstead near Collins, Mississippi, the third of 13 children of Charles Forrest Andrews, a Baptist minister, the family subsequently moved to Huntsville, Texas, the birthplace of his younger siblings, including future Hollywood actor Steve Forrest. Andrews attended college at Sam Houston State University and studied business administration in Houston, in 1931, he traveled to Los Angeles, California, seeking opportunities as a singer. He worked various jobs, such as working at a gas station in Van Nuys, to help Andrews study music at night, The station owners stepped in. with a deal, $50 a week for full-time study, in exchange for a five-year share of possible later earnings. Andrews signed a contract with Samuel Goldwyn and nine years after arriving in Los Angeles was offered his first movie role in William Wylers The Westerner and he was also memorable as the gangster in the 1941 comedy Ball of Fire, again teaming with Cooper. In the 1943 movie adaptation of The Ox-Bow Incident with Henry Fonda, often cited as one of his best films, in 1945, he co-starred with Jeanne Crain in the musical State Fair. In 1947, he was voted the 23rd most popular star in the U. S and he played a brutal cop in Where the Sidewalk Ends, also with Tierney. Around this time, alcoholism began to derail Andrews career, by the middle 1950s, Andrews was acting almost exclusively in B-movies. A handful of films he starred in during the late 1950s, however, two movies for Fritz Lang in 1956, While the City Sleeps and Beyond a Reasonable Doubt, and two for Jacques Tourneur, Night of the Demon and The Fearmakers, are well regarded. From 1952 to 1954, Andrews starred in the radio series I Was a Communist for the FBI about the experiences of Matt Cvetic, in 1963, he was elected president of the Screen Actors Guild. Andrews later appeared in a role as college president Tom Boswell on the NBC daytime soap opera Bright Promise from its premiere on September 29,1969 until March 1971. In 1960 he and Efrem Zimbalist, Jr. starred in The Crowded Sky, fifteen years later, Andrews and Zimbalist appeared in Airport 1975, Andrews playing a businessman pilot who has a heart attack and crashes his plane into a 747 that Zimbalist is flying. In the 1970s, Andrews was active in estate, telling a newspaper reporter that he had one hotel that brings in $200,000 a year. Andrews married Janet Murray on December 31,1932 and their son, David, was a musician and composer who died from a cerebral hemorrhage. Murray died in 1935 of pneumonia, on November 17,1939, Andrews married actress Mary Todd, by whom he had three children, Katharine, Stephen, and Susan. For two decades, the family lived in Toluca Lake, California, Andrews eventually brought his alcoholism under control and worked actively with the National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence
37.
R. G. Armstrong
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Robert Golden Armstrong, Jr. known as R. G. Armstrong, was an American actor and playwright. A veteran character actor who appeared in dozens of Westerns over the course of his 40-year career, Armstrong was born in Pleasant Grove, Alabama, and was reared on a small farm near Birmingham. He came from a family of fundamentalist Christians, and his mother wanted him to be a pastor, while there, along with classmate Andy Griffith, he began acting on stage with the Carolina Playmakers. Upon graduating, he attended the Actors Studio, Armstrong quickly launched a career on Broadway. He won considerable acclaim for his role in Cat on a Hot Tin Roof and he also began writing his own plays, which were performed off-Broadway. Armstrongs first film appearance was in the 1954 film Garden of Eden, however, it was television where he first earned a name for himself. In the storyline, the recently widowed Doreen Bradley exposes Stoner as the murderer of her husband, much of the story is set in a hotel. Others appearing in the segment are Russ Conway as the marshal, Dorothy Provine as Ada. Jess is accused of murdering a rancher named Blake Wilkie. Slim Sherman, played by series co-start John Smith, is deputized to accompany Jarrad and Jess to Colorado. Denny Miller, later cast on Wagon Train as a regular, Duke Shannon, along with Robert Fuller as Cooper Smith, appears in this episode as Wilkies son, william Fawcett plays Ben, the Sherman Ranch housekeeper, a role that Fawcett also filled on NBCs Fury. Early in 1961, Armstrong was cast in the title guest-starring role of Nathanael Grimm in The Return of Mr. Grimm of the ABC/WB western series Cheyenne, starring Clint Walker. In the storyline, the wealthy Grimm seeks the hanging of Sheriff Cheyenne Bodie for the homicide of Grimms wayward son. Grimm closes the businesses he controls in town, and the threatened townsmen demand that Bodie stand trial though no crime has been committed, anita Sands appears as Grimms secret daughter-in-law, Grace Evans, who unknown to him is carrying his grandson. Armstrong appeared on The Twilight Zone, in the episode Nothing in the Dark along with Robert Redford and he appeared in three episodes of Perry Mason, twice in the role of the defendant. First in 1959 he played title character Harry Bright in The Case of the Petulant Partner, Armstrong also appeared on Alfred Hitchcock Presents, The Everglades, The Andy Griffith Show, The Fugitive, Daniel Boone, T. H. E. Cat, Hawaii Five-O, Starsky and Hutch, The Dukes of Hazzard, Dynasty, Armstrong had a recurring role in the second season of Millennium as a reclusive visionary known only as the Old Man. In the late 1980s, he played the demonic Uncle Lewis Vendredi in the Canadian horror series Friday the 13th, while working on The Westerner, Armstrong made the acquaintance of up-and-coming writer/director Sam Peckinpah
38.
Ed Asner
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Yitzhak Edward Ed Asner is an American actor, voice actor and a former president of the Screen Actors Guild. He is also known for portraying Santa Claus in the comedy film Elf and its animated remake Elf, in 2009, he starred as the voice of Carl Fredricksen in Pixars animated film Up, and made a guest appearance on CSI, NY in the episode Yahrzeit. In early 2011, Asner returned to television as butcher Hank Greziak in Working Class and he starred in the Canadian television series Michael, Tuesdays and Thursdays, on CBC Television and has appeared in the 2013 television series The Glades. Asner has most recently starred as Guy Redmayne, a wealthy, Asner was born on November 15,1929 in Kansas City, Missouri. His Jewish Russian-born parents, Lizzie, a housewife, and David Morris Asner ran a second-hand shop and he was raised in an Orthodox Jewish family. Asner attended Wyandotte High School in Kansas City, Kansas, and he worked on the assembly line for General Motors. Asner served with the U. S. Army Signal Corps, following his military service, Asner joined the Playwrights Theatre Company in Chicago, but left for New York City before members of that company regrouped as the Compass Players in the mid-1950s. He later made guest appearances with the successor to Compass, The Second City, in New York City, Asner played Jonathan Jeremiah Peachum in the Off-Broadway revival of Threepenny Opera, and began to make inroads as a television actor. There were two performances on television. The first was as Detective Sgt and he was also cast on Jack Lords ABC drama series Stoney Burke and in the series finale of CBSs The Reporter, starring Harry Guardino. He also appeared on Mr. Novak, Mission, Impossible, Asner also played a minor character in childrens television show W. I. T. C. H. Asner is best known for his character Lou Grant, who was first introduced on The Mary Tyler Moore Show in 1970, in 1977, after the series, Asners character was given his own show, Lou Grant. In contrast to the Mary Tyler Moore series, a thirty-minute comedy, other television series starring Asner in regular roles include Thunder Alley, The Bronx Zoo and Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip. Additionally, he appeared as a veteran streetwise officer in an episode of the 1973 version of Police Story. Asner was acclaimed for his role in the ABC miniseries Roots, as Captain Davies, the morally conflicted captain of the Lord Ligonier and that role earned Asner an Emmy Award, as did the similarly dark role of Axel Jordache in the miniseries Rich Man, Poor Man. In contrast, he played a former Pontiff in the role of Papa Giovanni, Ioannes XXIII. Asner has also had a voice acting career. In 1987, he performed the role of the character, George F. Babbitt
39.
Gene Autry
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Orvon Grover Gene Autry was an American performer who gained fame as a singing cowboy on the radio, in movies, and on television for more than three decades beginning in the early 1930s. Autry was also owner of a station, several radio stations in Southern California. From 1934 to 1953, Autry appeared in 93 films and 91 episodes of The Gene Autry Show television series, during the 1930s and 1940s, he personified the straight-shooting hero—honest, brave, and true—and profoundly touched the lives of millions of Americans. Autry was also one of the most important figures in the history of country music and his singing cowboy movies were the first vehicle to carry country music to a national audience. The town of Gene Autry, Oklahoma was named in his honor, orvon Grover Autry was born September 29,1907 near Tioga in Grayson County in north Texas, the grandson of a Methodist preacher. His parents, Delbert Autry and Elnora Ozment, moved in the 1920s to Ravia in Johnston County in southern Oklahoma and he worked on his fathers ranch while at school. After leaving high school in 1925, Autry worked as a telegrapher for the St. Louis–San Francisco Railway and his talent at singing and playing guitar led to performing at local dances. While working as a telegrapher, Autry would sing and accompany himself on the guitar to pass the lonely hours, one night, he was encouraged to sing professionally by a customer, the famous humorist Will Rogers, who had heard Autry singing. As soon as he could collect money to travel, he went to New York and he auditioned for Victor Records, about the time it became RCA Victor. According to Nathaniel Shilkret, director of Light Music for Victor at the time, Shilkret explained to Autry that he was turned down not because of his voice, but because Victor had just made contracts with two similar singers. Autry left with a letter of introduction from Shilkret and the advice to sing on radio to gain experience, L. Watson, recorded My Dreaming of You and My Alabama. Autry signed a deal with Columbia Records in 1929. He worked in Chicago on the WLS-AM radio show National Barn Dance for four years, and with his own show, in his early recording career, Autry covered various genres, including a labor song, The Death of Mother Jones, in 1931. Autry also recorded many records in 1930 and 1931 in New York City. These were much closer in style to the Prairie Ramblers or Dick Justice and these late Prohibition-era songs deal with bootlegging, corrupt police, and women whose occupation was certainly vice. These recordings are not heard today, but are available on European import labels. His first hit was in 1932 with That Silver-Haired Daddy of Mine, a duet with fellow man, Jimmy Long. He wrote Here Comes Santa Claus after being the Grand Marshal of the 1946 Santa Claus Lane Parade and he heard all of the spectators watching the parade saying Here comes Santa Claus
40.
Joe Barbera
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Through his young adult years, Barbera lived, attended college, and began his career in New York City. After working odd jobs and as a banker, Barbera joined Van Beuren Studios in 1932, in 1937, he moved to California and while working at Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, Barbera met William Hanna. The two men began a collaboration that was at first best known for producing Tom and Jerry, in 1967, Hanna-Barbera was sold to Taft Broadcasting for $12 million, but Hanna and Barbera remained heads of the company until 1991. At that time, the studio was sold to Turner Broadcasting System, Hanna and Barbera won seven Academy Awards and eight Emmy Awards. Their cartoon shows have become icons, and their cartoon characters have appeared in other media such as films, books. Hanna-Barberas shows had an audience of over 300 million people in the 1960s and have been translated into more than 20 languages. His family moved to Flatbush, Brooklyn, New York when he was four months old and he had two younger brothers, Larry and Ted, both of whom served in World War II. As a member of the United States Army, Larry participated in the invasion of Sicily, Ted was a fighter pilot with the United States Army Air Forces and served in the Aleutian Islands Campaign. Barberas father, Vincent, was the owner of three barbershops who squandered the family fortunes on gambling. By the time Barbera was 15, his father had abandoned the family, Barbera displayed a talent for drawing as early as the first grade. He graduated from Erasmus Hall High School in Brooklyn in 1928, while in high school, Barbera won several boxing titles. He was briefly managed by World Lightweight Boxing Champion Al Singers manager, in 1935, Barbera married his high school sweetheart, Dorothy Earl. In school, they had known as Romeo and Juliet. Barbera and his wife briefly separated when he went to California and they reunited but were on the verge of another separation when they discovered that Dorothy was pregnant with their first child. They had 4 children, two sons and two daughters, the marriage officially ended in 1963. Shortly after his divorce, Barbera met his wife, Sheila Holden, at Musso & Franks restaurant. Unlike Dorothy, who had preferred to stay at home with the children, during high school, Barbera worked as a tailors delivery boy. During the Great Depression, he tried unsuccessfully to become a cartoonist for a magazine called The NY Hits Magazine and he supported himself with a job at a bank, and continued to pursue publication for his cartoons
41.
Bonnie Bartlett
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Bonnie Bartlett is an American television and film actress. Her career spans over 60 years, with her first major role being on a 1950s daytime drama and she is best known for her role as Ellen Craig on the medical drama series St. Elsewhere. Bartlett was born in Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin, the daughter of Carrie and E. E. Bartlett and her father was an insurance salesman and a failed actor, and she was determined to live out his dream. In 1947, Bartlett graduated from Moline High School, ironically, she had a previous role on the program, in which briefly she played the character of Ellie Crown, a role which was played for several years by Hildy Parks. She then moved on to roles in the 1960s. Her most widely known role was as Ellen Craig on St. Elsewhere, initially an infrequently recurring character, she took on greater prominence in the 1984–1985 season when the storyline included Ellen and Marks marital problems. The storyline deepened in the season when their son was killed. Bartlett won back-to-back Emmys, and was made a contract player, further difficult material included Ellen and Marks divorce and slow reconciliation following the loss of their granddaughter in a custody dispute with her birth mother. Her acting career picked up considerably in the 1980s, including the miniseries V and North and South, Bartlett and husband William Daniels made Emmy Awards history in 1986 when they became just the second real-life married couple to win acting awards on the same night. Alfred Lunt and Lynn Fontanne first accomplished the feat in 1965, Bartlett and Daniels won for their portrayals of Dr. Mark and Mrs. Ellen Craig on the TV series St. Elsewhere. They later acted together again when she played a college dean who employed her husbands character, in a season of Danielss ABC series Boy Meets World, when St. Bartlett and Daniels both served on the Screen Actors Guilds Board of Directors. Bartlett appeared in the film Valediction, which was scheduled to begin its film festival circuit in October 2011, Bartlett was added to the Hall of Honor at her alma mater, Moline High School in Moline, Illinois. Bartlett met her husband, actor William Daniels at Northwestern University and they were married on June 30,1951. In 1961, she gave birth to a son, who died just 24 hours later. They later adopted two children, Michael, who became an assistant director and stage manager in Los Angeles, and Robert, Bonnie Bartlett at the Internet Movie Database Bonnie Bartlett at AllMovie
42.
Ed Begley Jr.
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For his father, see Ed Begley. Edward James Ed Begley Jr. is an American actor and environmentalist, Begley has appeared in hundreds of films, television shows, and stage performances. He is most recognized for his role as Dr. Victor Ehrlich on the television series St. Elsewhere, for which he received six consecutive Emmy Award nominations and he also co-hosted, along with wife Rachelle Carson, the green living reality show entitled Living with Ed. He is a recurring cast member in the mockumentaries of Christopher Guest and Eugene Levy, Best in Show, A Mighty Wind, Begley was born in Los Angeles, California to Allene Jeanne Sanders and Oscar-winning film actor Ed Begley. When his son was born Begley Sr. was married to Amanda Huff and he believed Huff to be his biological mother until he was sixteen, and only later became acquainted with his biological mother, Allene. His paternal grandparents were Irish immigrants, Begley grew up in Buffalo, New York and attended Stella Niagara Education Park Cadet School, a private Roman Catholic school, in Lewiston, New York. In 1962 the family moved back to California, where he graduated from Notre Dame High School, Sherman Oaks, a Catholic high school, Begleys numerous roles in television and film include one of his earliest appearances as a guest actor on Maude. He had guest appearances in the 1970s series Room 222 and he had recurring roles on Mary Hartman, 7th Heaven, Arrested Development, Meego and Six Feet Under and starring roles in Stephen Kings Kingdom Hospital, St. Elsewhere, and Wednesday 9,30. He has played significant roles in the mockumentary films Best in Show, A Mighty Wind, in 1995, he played The Riddlers boss in Batman Forever but is uncredited. Since 2000, he has been a member of the Board of Governors of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts, in 1996, Begley appeared in a TV movie called The Late Shift, where he played real-life CBS executive Rod Perth. Perth himself appears briefly in a cameo role, Begley and Perth share an extraordinary physical resemblance, something the film makers milk for humor in the scene. He has guest-starred on shows such as Scrubs, Boston Legal and he had a recurring guest role in season three of Veronica Mars. He appeared in the 2008 HBO film Recount, which profiled the 2000 Presidential Election and its aftermath, Begley also made an appearance on Tim and Eric Awesome Show, Great Job. Season 3, Episode 3, as a spokesman for Cinco, in 2003, Begley wrote and directed the musical Cesar and Ruben. It was performed at the El Portal Theatre in Los Angeles and was revived in 2007, one of Begleys recent acting roles was in the CBS sitcom Gary Unmarried. Begley played Dr. Walter Krandall, the former marriage counselor. Since 2008, he has appeared in a series of DirecTV commercials as a Cable Corp Inc. executive, in 2013, he appeared on the reality television show Beverly Hills Pawn. Begley has three children, a daughter and son from his first marriage, and a daughter from his current marriage
43.
Mayim Bialik
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Mayim Chaya Bialik is an American actress and neuroscientist. From 1991 to 1995, she played the character of NBCs Blossom. Since 2010, she has played Dr. Mayim Chaya Bialik was born on December 12,1975, in San Diego, California, to Barry, three of her four grandparents emigrated from Poland, Czechoslovakia, and Hungary. Bialik was raised as a Reform Jew, but now considers herself to be Orthodox Jewish and her first name is the Hebrew word for water. Bialik attended Walter Reed Junior High School and graduated from North Hollywood High School in North Hollywood, California, at the end of Blossom, she chose to attend UCLA, although she also had been accepted at both Harvard and Yale. She stated that she wanted to close to her parents. Bialik earned a B. S. degree in neuroscience, with minors in Hebrew and Jewish studies and she took a break from studies in 2005 to return to acting. Bialik started her career as an actress in the late 1980s. Her early roles included the horror film Pumpkinhead, her first acting job, and guest appearances on The Facts of Life and Beauty and the Beast. It was for her Beauty and the Beast work, in which she played a girl named Ellie who had about 10 lines of dialogue. She appeared in three episodes of MacGyver as Lisa Woodman and she appeared in Beaches, playing Bette Midlers character as a young girl. She also appeared in the video for the song Liberian Girl by Michael Jackson, in 1990, Bialik was tied to two television pilots, Foxs Molloy and NBCs Blossom. Molloy at first produced six episodes for a run, followed by the shooting of the pilot special for Blossom. The latter actually aired two weeks before Bialiks Fox series and ultimately garnered higher ratings than it, when Molloy folded after its six episodes, Blossom premiered as a mid-season replacement on January 3,1991, and aired until May 22,1995. She had a part in the Woody Allen comedy film Dont Drink the Water in 1994. She appeared in the feature film Kalamazoo. and appeared in three episodes of the HBO comedy series Curb Your Enthusiasm as Jodi Funkhouser, the daughter of a friend of Larry David. Bialik also made guest appearances as a version of herself in the series Fat Actress. She had a role as the high school guidance counselor in ABC Familys The Secret Life of the American Teenager
44.
Robert Blake (actor)
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Robert Blake is a retired American actor, having starring roles in the film In Cold Blood and the U. S. television series Baretta. Blake began performing as a child, with a role in the final years of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayers Our Gang short film series from 1939 to 1944. He also appeared as an actor in 22 entries of the Red Ryder film franchise. In the Red Ryder series and in many of his roles as an adult. After a stint in the Army, Blake returned to acting in television and movie roles. He was married to Sondra Kerr, his first wife, with whom he had two children, from 1964 until their divorce in 1983 and he continued acting through 1997s Lost Highway for a career that author Michael Newton called one of the longest in Hollywood history. In 2005, Blake was tried and acquitted of the 2001 murder of his second wife, on November 18,2005, he was found liable in a California civil court for her wrongful death. Blake was born Michael James Gubitosi in Nutley, New Jersey and his mother, Elizabeth Cafone, was married to Giacomo Gubitosi. In 1930, James worked as a die setter for a can manufacturer, eventually, James and Elizabeth began a song-and-dance act. In 1936, the three began performing, billed as The Three Little Hillbillies. They moved to Los Angeles, in 1938, where their children working as movie extras. Blake had a childhood and was allegedly abused by his alcoholic father. When he entered school at age 10, he was bullied and had fights. Blake states that he was physically and sexually abused by his parents while growing up and was locked in a closet. His father committed suicide in 1956, at age 14, he ran away from home, leading to several more difficult years. Then known as Mickey Gubitosi, Blake began his career as Toto in the MGM movie Bridal Suite starring Annabella. Gubitosi then began appearing in MGMs Our Gang short subjects under his real name and he appeared in 40 of the shorts between 1939 and 1944, eventually becoming the series final lead character. James and Giovanna Gubitosi also made appearances in the series as extras, in Our Gang, Gubitosis character, Mickey, was often called upon to cry, for which he was criticized for being unconvincing
45.
Julie Bowen
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Julie Bowen Luetkemeyer, known professionally as Julie Bowen, is an American actress. She is best known for playing Carol Vessey on Ed, Denise Bauer on Boston Legal, Sarah Shephard on Lost, the latter earned her six nominations for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series, winning in 2011 and 2012. Bowen has also appeared in such as Happy Gilmore, Multiplicity, Venus and Mars, Joe Somebody, Kids in America, Sex and Death 101, Crazy on the Outside, Jumping the Broom. Bowen was born in Baltimore, Maryland, the middle of three daughters of Suzanne and John Alexander Luetkemeyer, Jr. a commercial real estate developer, one of her paternal great-great-grandfathers was John V. Le Moyne, a Representative from Illinois, and one of her great-great-great-grandfathers was Magnus Miller Murray, two-time Mayor of Pittsburgh and she studied at Brown University, majoring in Italian Renaissance studies. She spent her year in Florence, Italy. During college, she had roles in Guys and Dolls, Stage Door, before graduating, she had the lead role in the independent film Five Spot Jewel. Among other places, Bowen studied acting at the Actors Institute, Bowen had a role in the soap opera Loving and an episode of the college drama Class of 96. She had the role in the television film Runaway Daughters. She played the love interest of the character in Happy Gilmore. She appeared in the films Multiplicity and An American Werewolf in Paris and she has had guest roles on television series such as Party of Five and Strange Luck. Bowen had a role as Roxanne Please on ER. She first gained prominence on the television series Ed, where she played high school English teacher Carol Vessey and she then guest starred as Sarah Shephard in five episodes of Lost. She also played attorney Denise Bauer on the series Boston Legal and she was a spokesmodel for Neutrogena, most recently advertising the Pure Glow products. She appeared on an episode of Jeopardy, since 2009, Bowen has starred as Claire Dunphy on the ABC sitcom Modern Family. For her portrayal, she received six consecutive Primetime Emmy Award nominations for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series, winning the award in 2011 and 2012. Bowen told an interviewer that winning an Emmy Award is more like German soldiers in the trenches of the wars. Bowen has had a pacemaker since her early twenties because of a condition where the regular heartbeat can drop to dangerously low levels
46.
Clancy Brown
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He also voices Alec Ryder in Mass Effect, Andromeda. Brown was born in 1959 in Urbana, Ohio, and had an older sister and their mother, Joyce Helen, was a conductor, composer, and concert pianist. Their father, Clarence J. Bud Brown, Jr. helped manage the Brown Publishing Company, from 1965 to 1983, Bud Brown also served as a congressman, and later as Chairman of the Board of Brown Publishing. The family operated the business until 2010, Brown graduated from St. Albans School in Washington, DC, as his family lived there much of the time while his father was serving in Congress. He played on the team there and later earned a scholarship to Northwestern University. Due to his height, deep voice and large frame, Brown is often cast in the roles of villains or authority figures. His career tends to alternate among mainstream television and cable, major studio and independent movies, Brown is known for his role as the Kurgan in the 1986 film Highlander, his role as Capt. He also played a role in Flubber as one of the henchmen that get harmed by uncontrollably bouncing sports equipment. In 1989, he appeared in the action thriller Blue Steel, in 2001, he played a magical character credited as The granter of wishes in the Hallmark version of Snow White. In 2007, he played the Viking leader opposite Karl Urban in Pathfinder and he starred in several independent films in 2008, The Burrowers, screened at the Toronto International Film Festival in 2008, and released in the United States on DVD in April 2009, and The Twenty. He appeared in Steven Soderberghs 2009 film The Informant, opposite Matt Damon in which he played an attorney. He also portrayed Alan Smith in Samuel Bayers 2010 remake of the horror film A Nightmare on Elm Street, in 2011, he starred in Cowboys & Aliens alongside Daniel Craig, Harrison Ford and Olivia Wilde. He is cast as the voice of The Goon in the animated feature film. He also stars as Albert Marconi in the adaptation of the David Wong novel, John Dies at the End. Brown was a regular on the science fiction series Earth 2 from 1994 to 1995. Brown was notable as the sinister preacher Brother Justin Crowe in the HBO series Carnivàle, though the series only ran for two seasons, Carnivàle has attained a cult popularity and his performance was applauded by critics for showcasing a new side to his acting talents. He also starred in the Showtime production In the Company of Spies, Brown also appeared as the frontiersman Simon Kenton, the key to Americas westward expansion, in the 2000 Kentucky Educational Television production A Walk with Simon Kenton. Kenton resembled Brown in stature and is buried in Browns hometown, Brown most recently appeared as Hart Sterling, founding partner of fictional law firm Sterling, Huddle, Oppenheim & Craft in ABCs The Deep End
47.
Smiley Burnette
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He was also a prolific singer-songwriter who could play as many as 100 musical instruments, some simultaneously. His career, beginning in 1934, spanned four decades, including a role on CBS-TVs Petticoat Junction in the 1960s. Lester A. Burnett was born in Summum, Illinois, on March 18,1911 and he began singing as a child and learned to play a wide variety of instruments by ear, yet never learned to read or write music. In his teens he worked in vaudeville and, starting in 1929, at the states first commercial station, WDZ-AM in Tuscola. Burnette came by his nickname while creating a character for a WDZ childrens program and he was reading Mark Twains The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County at the time, which included a character named Jim Smiley. He named the radio character Mr. Smiley and soon adopted the moniker as his own and his break came in December 1933, when he was hired by Gene Autry to play accordion on National Barn Dance on Chicagos WLS-AM, on which Autry was the major star. Burnette sang and played accordion, and the included two of his compositions. He had other parts until a secondary but more prominent role in the 1935 serial The Adventures of Rex. That same year, Levine gave Autry his first starring role in the 12-part serial The Phantom Empire, with Burnette playing Oscar, mascot was soon absorbed by Republic Pictures Corp. and Republic enjoyed enormous success with its musical western features starring Autry. In each of the films Burnette played Autrys comic sidekick, Frog Millhouse, with his trademark black hat. Their association produced 62 feature-length musical westerns, burnettes movie horse, white with a black-ringed left eye, also became famous, first as Black-eyed Nellie, then as Ring-eyed Nellie, and finally as just Ring Eye. After leaving Republic in June 1944, he became the sidekick to Charles Starrett at Columbia Pictures in the new Durango Kid series, Starrett and Burnette were paired in 56 films, from 1945 to 1952. When Starrett retired, Burnette was still under contract so Columbia teamed him with Jock Mahoney for a new series of westerns. A pilot film with Mahoney and Burnette was completed but never released, Columbia then reassigned Burnette to its Gene Autry series, Smiley Burnette wrote more than 400 songs and sang a significant number of them on screen. His Western classic, Ridin Down the Canyon, was recorded by Willie Nelson, Riders in the Sky. He also composed scores for such films as The Painted Stallion. His songs were recorded by a range of singers, including Bing Crosby, Ferlin Husky. His performance of Steamboat Bill appeared on The Billboards country chart in 1939, Burnette devised and built some of his unusual musical instruments in his home workshop
Studio City
