The Sultanate of Bijapur was an early modern kingdom in the western Deccan and South India, ruled by the Muslim Adil Shahi dynasty. Bijapur had been a taraf of the Bahmani Kingdom prior to its indepen
India and the Deccan sultanates in 1525; the Sultanate of Bijapur is center-left.
A page from Nujum-ul-Ulum, a manuscript on astrology and metaphysics completed during the reign of Ali Adil Shah I
The House of Bijapur, a 1680 painting of the nine Bijapur sultans and Shah Ismail of the Safavid dynasty
Painting by the Bijapuri Ali Riza of Ibrahim Adil Shah II venerating a Sufi saint
The Maratha Empire, also referred to as the Maratha Confederacy, was an early modern polity in the Indian subcontinent. For most of its existence, it comprised the realms of the Peshwa and four major
Sultanate of Bijapur
…The sultanate was then relatively stable, although it was damaged by the revolt of Shivaji (who founded an independent Maratha kingdom which become the Maratha Confederacy). From the late 16th century, the greatest threat to Bijapur's security was the expansion of the Mughal Empire into the Deccan. Agreements and treaties…
The Maratha Empire (yellow) in 1760
Early Maratha conquests, in Shivaji's and Shahji's time
Portrait of Shivaji, in the Rijksmuseum, Netherland.
Peshwa Bajirao I and Malhar Rao Holkar c.18th century