The Supreme Soviet of the Ukrainian SSR was the supreme soviet and the highest organ of state power of Ukraine when it was known as the Ukrainian SSR, one of the union republics of the Soviet Union. The Supreme Soviet was the sole branch of government in Ukraine, and per the principle of unified power, all state organs were subservient to it. It was established in 1937 replacing the All-Ukrainian Congress of Soviets.

The Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, abbreviated as the Ukrainian SSR, UkSSR, and also known as Soviet Ukraine or just Ukraine, was one of the constituent republics of the Soviet Union from 1922 until 1991. Under the Soviet one-party model, the Ukrainian SSR was governed by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union through its republican branch, the Communist Party of Ukraine.