1.
Switch hit
–
A switch hit is a modern cricket shot believed to have been first used by Kevin Pietersen on 15 June 2008 in a one-day international against New Zealand. Pietersen actually played the shot for the first time off Muttiah Muralitharan in a test match against Sri Lanka in 2006, the test occurred May 25-28,2006. Despite the shot becoming a fad due to Pietersens successful execution of it, it is believed that Jonty Rhodes actually executed this shot first for a six. He hit a six off Darren Lehmann in a one day international between Australia and South Africa on March 27,2002. A switch hit involved effectively changed from a right-hander to a left-hander just before the ball was delivered by the bowler for the purpose of executing the shot. It is a variation of the sweep, in which the stance is changed during the bowlers delivery action, has been compared to switch-hitting in baseball. Australias David Warner is a user of this shot and was endorsed to use a double-faced bat in Twenty20 cricket. The shot was innovated by Pietersen using which he hit 2 sixes in the cover region, the shot is executed by changing stance from a right-handed to a left-handed batsman or vice versa during the bowlers run-up and hitting it in the cover region. The MCC has also acknowledged that the hit has implications on the interpretation of the on side. In June 2012, the International Cricket Council committee declared it to be a legitimate shot and they issued a statement saying they have decided to make no change to the current regulations. Marillier shot Paddle scoop Switch hitter KP switch shot cleared by MCC
2.
Arrested Development (season 2)
–
The second season of the television comedy series Arrested Development aired between November 7,2004 and April 17,2005, on Fox in the United States. It consisted of 18 episodes, each running approximately 22 minutes in length, the second season was released on DVD in region 1 on October 11,2005, in region 2 on January 23,2006 and in region 4 on March 15,2006. On the review aggregator website Metacritic, the season scored 88 out of 100, based on 15 reviews. In 2005, the season received eleven Emmy nominations in seven categories with one win. The episode Righteous Brothers, written by Mitchell Hurwitz and Jim Vallely won for Outstanding Writing for a Comedy Series, the second season also received two Golden Globe nominations in two categories with one win. It was nominated for Best Series Musical or Comedy, and Jason Bateman won for Best Performance in a Musical or Comedy. The second season was released on DVD in region 1 on October 11,2005, in region 2 on January 23,2006, List of Arrested Development episodes at the Internet Movie Database List of Arrested Development season 2 episodes at TV. com
3.
Baseball
–
Baseball is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of nine players each, who take turns batting and fielding. A run is scored when a player advances around the bases, Players on the batting team take turns hitting against the pitcher of the fielding team, which tries to prevent runs by getting hitters out in any of several ways. A player on the team who reaches a base safely can later attempt to advance to subsequent bases during teammates turns batting. The teams switch between batting and fielding whenever the team records three outs. One turn batting for both teams, beginning with the team, constitutes an inning. A game is composed of nine innings, and the team with the number of runs at the end of the game wins. Baseball has no clock, although almost all games end in the ninth inning. Baseball evolved from older bat-and-ball games already being played in England by the mid-18th century and this game was brought by immigrants to North America, where the modern version developed. By the late 19th century, baseball was widely recognized as the sport of the United States. Baseball is now popular in North America and parts of Central and South America, the Caribbean, in the United States and Canada, professional Major League Baseball teams are divided into the National League and American League, each with three divisions, East, West, and Central. The major league champion is determined by playoffs that culminate in the World Series, the top level of play is similarly split in Japan between the Central and Pacific Leagues and in Cuba between the West League and East League. The evolution of baseball from older bat-and-ball games is difficult to trace with precision, a French manuscript from 1344 contains an illustration of clerics playing a game, possibly la soule, with similarities to baseball. Other old French games such as thèque, la balle au bâton, consensus once held that todays baseball is a North American development from the older game rounders, popular in Great Britain and Ireland. Baseball Before We Knew It, A Search for the Roots of the Game, by David Block, suggests that the game originated in England, recently uncovered historical evidence supports this position. Block argues that rounders and early baseball were actually regional variants of other. It has long believed that cricket also descended from such games. The earliest known reference to baseball is in a 1744 British publication, A Little Pretty Pocket-Book, David Block discovered that the first recorded game of Bass-Ball took place in 1749 in Surrey, and featured the Prince of Wales as a player. William Bray, an English lawyer, recorded a game of baseball on Easter Monday 1755 in Guildford and this early form of the game was apparently brought to Canada by English immigrants
4.
Batting (baseball)
–
In baseball, batting is the act of facing the opposing pitcher and trying to produce offense for ones team. A batter or hitter is a person whose turn it is to face the pitcher. The three main goals of batters are to become a baserunner, drive home, or advance runners along the bases for others to drive home. Hitting uses a motion that is unique to baseball, one that is rarely used in other sports. Hitting is unique because unlike most sports movements in the plane of movement hitting involves rotating in the horizontal plane. In general, batters try to get hits, however, their primary objective is to avoid making an out, and helping their team to score runs. There are several ways they can help their team score runs and they may draw a walk if they receive and do not swing the bat at four pitches located outside the strike zone. In cases when there is a runner on third and fewer than two outs, they can attempt to hit a fly to drive the runner in by allowing the runner on third to tag up. They might even be hit by a pitch, reach on an error or—if first is empty or there are two outs—on a dropped third strike, the defense attempts to get the batter out. The pitchers main role in this is to throw the ball in such a way that the batter strikes out or cannot hit it cleanly so that the defense can get him or her out. Batting is often cited as one of the most difficult feats in sports because it consists of hitting a small ball, usually moving at high velocity. In fact, if a batter can get a hit in three out of ten at bats, giving him an average of.300, he or she is considered a good hitter. In Major League Baseball, no batter has had over a.400 average at the end of the season since Ted Williams in 1941, an OPS at or near 1.000 is considered to be the mark of an exceptional hitter. A sustained OPS at or above 1.000 over a career is a only a few hitters have ever been able to reach. Batters vary in their approach at the plate, some are aggressive hitters, often swinging at the first pitch. Others are patient, attempting to work the count in order to observe all the types of pitches a pitcher will use. In preparation of hitting, every player has their own particular warm-up routine. Warming up before the game is usually done as a team, at the amateur level, the most notable drill used is the Tee Drill, where you hit a ball off a baseball tee and correct any issues you found during previous games or practices
5.
Switch pitcher
–
In baseball, a switch-pitcher is an ambidextrous pitcher who is able to pitch with both the right and left hand from the pitchers mound. Four 19th-century pitchers are known to have thrown with both hands, Tony Mullane in 1882 and in 1893, Elton Chamberlain in 1888, Larry Corcoran in 1884, and George Wheeler. Greg A. Harris was one of few major league pitchers in the era to pitch with both his left and his right arm, though he only did so in a single Major League game. A natural right-hander, by 1986 he could well enough left-handed that he felt capable of pitching with either arm in a game. Harris did not throw left-handed in a game until September 28,1995. Harris walked Morris but got Taubensee to ground out and he then went back to his right hand to retire Bret Boone to end the inning. Pat Venditte regularly pitches with both arms, Venditte was drafted by the New York Yankees, played for the Seattle Mariners, and now plays for the Philadelphia Phillies. While with the Staten Island Yankees, the Yankees Single-A affiliate, Henriquez then switched to batting left-handed, and a series of changes continued for several minutes. This prompted the PBUC to issue a new rule about switch-pitching, in short, switch-pitchers must indicate to the umpire, batter, and any runners the hand with which they will use to pitch. The pitcher must continue using this hand for the duration of the at bat, with exceptions for injury. Following this choice, batters can then select with which hand they will bat, right-handed pitcher Yu Darvish throws with his left hand when training. He does this to both arms strong and balanced. He does not pitch left-handed during a game, however, in 2003, the Atlanta Braves drafted switch pitcher Brandon Berdoll of Temple Junior College in the 27th round. He never made it to the major leagues, in the collegiate ranks, Matt Brunnig was able to pitch over 85 mph left-handed and over 90 mph right-handed, but only pitched with both arms in the same game a few times. In college, he pitched more from the side as a starter. When playing the outfield after a start he would play the position with the other arm to rest the arm he just pitched with. Switch-throwers are commonly taught to switch-throw at a young age, for instance, Vendittes father trained him in ambidextrous throwing from the age of three and Brunnigs father taught him from age five. St. Augustine, Florida, BluewaterPress LLC,2010, in this novel Ernest Hemingway smuggles twin Cuban pitchers to the U. S. for a shot at major league fame
6.
Pat Venditte
–
Patrick Michael Venditte, Jr. is an American professional baseball pitcher for the Philadelphia Phillies organization of Major League Baseball. After attending Creighton University, Venditte was drafted by the New York Yankees in 2008 and he signed with the Oakland Athletics as a free agent before the 2015 season, and made his MLB debut that year. Venditte is a pitcher, capable of pitching proficiently with both arms. He is recognized as the active professional pitcher who is able to do this. Vendittes rare ability to pitch with either arm required Minor League Baseball to create a rule for ambidextrous pitchers, known colloquially as the Pat Venditte Rule. This rule essentially requires any ambidextrous pitcher to declare which hand he will use to pitch to a batter before the at-bat starts, Pat Jr. was born on June 30,1985 in Omaha, Nebraska, one of four children of Pat Sr. and Janet Venditte. Pat Sr. played college baseball as a catcher, though his son is naturally right-handed, Pat Sr. trained his son to throw with both arms to give his son an edge in athletic competitions. Toward this end, the Venditte backyard included astroturf, a cage, a radar gun. In addition to training both arms from an age, Pat Jr. practiced punting footballs with both legs to establish the leg motion needed when pitching with each arm. Venditte used both arms when playing in Little League, which caused him to be confused for twins. Venditte attended Omaha Central High School and he had a 5–4 win–loss record during his senior year, earning All-Nebraska second-team honors. Venditte joined the Creighton Bluejays in 2005 as a walk-on, Creighton head coach Ed Servais did not allow Venditte to pitch with both arms during his five appearances his freshman year, fearing the spectacle would become a circus. Starting with his season, Venditte regularly used both arms in collegiate play, he posted a 3.02 earned run average in 62 2⁄3 innings pitched. After the season, he played summer baseball for the Quincy Gems of the Central Illinois Collegiate League. In his junior year, Venditte appeared in 36 of Creightons 58 games before appearing in the 2007 NCAA Division I Baseball Tournament and his opponents batting average of.185 was the fourth-best in the nation, and he posted a 1.85 ERA. At one point during the season, Venditte had a streak of 43 2⁄3 scoreless innings, on May 28,2007, Collegiate Baseball named Venditte the national player of the week. He was named to the All-American third team for the 2007 season, Venditte was also voted Midwest Region Pitcher of the Year by online pitching magazine InsidePitching. com. After the season, he played summer baseball for the Wisconsin Woodchucks in the Northwoods League
7.
New York Yankees
–
The Essendon Football Club is a professional Australian rules football club which plays in the Australian Football League, the sports premier competition. Formed in 1871 as a club and playing as a senior club since 1878. It is historically associated with Essendon, a suburb in the north-west of Melbourne, dyson Heppell is the current team captain. A founding member club of both the Victorian Football Association, in 1877, and the Victorian Football League, in 1896, the club claims to have over at least one million supporters Australia wide. Essendon has won 16 VFL/AFL premierships which, along with Carlton, is the most of any club in the competition, the club was founded by members of the Royal Agricultural Society, the Melbourne Hunt Club and the Victorian Woolbrokers. The Essendon Football Club is thought to have formed in 1872 at a meeting it the home of a well-known brewery family, the McCrackens, whose Ascot Vale property hosted a team of local junior players. Robert McCracken, the owner of several city hotels, was the founder and first president of the Essendon club and his son, Alex, Alex would later become president of the newly formed VFL. Alexs cousin, Collier, who had played with Melbourne, was the teams first captain. The club played its first recorded match against the Carlton second twenty on 7 June 1873, Essendon played 13 matches in its first season, winning seven, with four draws and losing two. The club was one of the junior members of the Victorian Football Association in 1877. During its early years in the Association, Essendon played its matches at Flemington Hill. In 1878, Essendon played in the first match on what would be considered by modern standards to be a field at Flemington Hill. In 1879 Essendon played Melbourne in one of the earliest night matches recorded when the ball was painted white, in 1883 the team played four matches in Adelaide. In 1891 Essendon won their first VFA premiership, which they repeated in 1892,1893 and 1894, one of the clubs greatest players, Albert Thurgood played for the club during this period. Essendon was undefeated in the 1893 season, at the end of the 1896 season Essendon along with seven other clubs formed the Victorian Football League. Essendons first VFL game was in 1897 was against Geelong at Corio Oval in Geelong, Essendon won its first VFL premiership by winning the 1897 VFL finals series. Essendon again won the premiership in 1901, defeating Collingwood in the Grand Final, the club won successive premierships in 1911 and 1912 over Collingwood and South Melbourne respectively. The nickname first appeared in print in the local North Melbourne Advertiser in 1889 and it was known firstly as Essendon Town and, after 1905, as Essendon
8.
Mickey Mantle
–
Mickey Charles Mantle, nicknamed The Commerce Comet and The Mick, was an American professional baseball player. Mantle played his entire Major League Baseball career with the New York Yankees as a fielder and first baseman. Mantle was one of the best players and sluggers, and is regarded by many as the greatest switch hitter in baseball history, Mantle was inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 1974 and was elected to the Major League Baseball All-Century Team in 1999. Mantle was arguably the greatest offensive threat of any center fielder in baseball history and he has the highest career OPS+ of any center fielder and he had the highest stolen base percentage in history at the time of his retirement. He also had an excellent 0.984 fielding percentage when playing center field, Mantle was noted for his ability to hit for both average and power, especially tape measure home runs. He hit 536 MLB career home runs, batted.300 or more ten times, Mantle won the Triple Crown in 1956, leading the major leagues in batting average, home runs, and runs batted in, he later wrote a book about his best year in baseball. He was an All-Star for 16 seasons, playing in 16 of the 20 All-Star Games that were played and he was an American League Most Valuable Player three times and a Gold Glove winner once. Mantle appeared in 12 World Series including seven championships, and holds World Series records for the most home runs, RBIs, extra-base hits, runs, walks, and total bases. Mantle was born on October 20,1931 in Spavinaw, Oklahoma and he was of at least partial English ancestry, his great-grandfather, George Mantle, left Brierley Hill, in Englands Black Country, in 1848. Mutt named his son in honor of Mickey Cochrane, a Hall of Fame catcher, later in his life, Mantle expressed relief that his father had not known Cochranes true first name, as he would have hated to be named Gordon. Mantle spoke warmly of his father, and said he was the bravest man he ever knew, No boy ever loved his father more, he said. His grandfather died at the age of 60 in 1944, when Mantle was four years old, his family moved to the nearby town of Commerce, Oklahoma, where his father worked in lead and zinc mines. As a teenager, Mantle rooted for the St. Louis Cardinals, Mantle was an all-around athlete at Commerce High School, playing basketball as well as football in addition to his first love, baseball. His football playing nearly ended his athletic career, kicked in the left shin during a practice game during his sophomore year, Mantle developed osteomyelitis in his left ankle, a crippling disease that was incurable just a few years earlier. Mantle began his baseball career in Kansas with the semi-professional Baxter Springs Whiz Kids. In 1948, Yankees scout Tom Greenwade came to Baxter Springs to watch Mantles teammate, during the game, Mantle hit three home runs. Greenwade returned in 1949, after Mantles high school graduation, to sign Mantle to a league contract. Mantle signed for $140 per month with a $1,500 signing bonus, Mantle was assigned to the Yankees Class-D Independence Yankees of the Kansas–Oklahoma–Missouri League, where he played shortstop
