Tailcoat
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A tailcoat is a knee-length coat characterised by a rear section of the skirt, with the front of the skirt cut away.
Beau Brummell wears a Regency period dress coat as daytime dress. The coat is able to close and the tails are knee length.
Winfield Scott wearing a tailcoat at the Battle of Veracruz
A women's black wool tailcoat, 1939
Military issue tail coat, 1789
Lapel
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A lapel is a folded flap of cloth on the front of a jacket or coat below the collar. It is most commonly found on formal clothing and suit jackets. Usually it is formed by folding over the front edge
A pinstriped suit with a notched lapel
Comparison of two notched lapel cuts: English (left) and Spanish (right). The former is the most commonly seen notched lapel.
Lapel watch, USA, c. 1889, Cooper–Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum
Lord Nelson in a Captain's tailcoat (1781), exhibiting a long, loosely-folded lapel with many buttons