1.
Byron Howard
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Byron P. Howard is an American film director, producer, screenwriter, animator, story artist and occasional voice actor at Walt Disney Animation Studios. He is best known as the co-director of Bolt, Tangled, and Zootopia, and he was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Tangled and won for Zootopia. Howard was born in Misawa, Japan, and raised in both the outskirts of Philadelphia and Issaquah, Washington, United States, in a middle-class family and he attended Evergreen State College in Olympia, Washington. Howard began his career at Disney in 1994, working as an animator on films including Pocahontas, Mulan, Lilo & Stitch and he was nominated for a 2003 Annie Award for Character Animation for Brother Bear. The first film Howard directed was the animated Disney film Bolt, in his role as co-director of the film with Chris Williams, Howard focused on character design and animation. Howard went on to direct the animated Disney films Tangled and Zootopia, as of November 2016, Howard is working with Lin-Manuel Miranda on an original animated film. In 2009, Howard became a member of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts & Sciences, in the Fusion documentary Imagining Zootopia, Howard mentioned he is gay and has been married since 1988
2.
Walt Disney Pictures
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Walt Disney Pictures, Inc. is an American film production company and a subsidiary of Walt Disney Studios, owned by The Walt Disney Company. The subsidiary is based at the Walt Disney Studios in Burbank, California and it took on its current name in 1983. Today, in conjunction with the units of Walt Disney Studios. Animated films such as those by Walt Disney Animation Studios and Pixar Animation Studios are released under this brand. Pirates of the Caribbean series is the corporations most successful franchise, the studios predecessor was founded as the Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio, by filmmaker Walt Disney and his business partner and brother, Roy, in 1923. The creation of Mickey Mouse and subsequent short films and merchandise generated revenue for the studio which was renamed as The Walt Disney Studio at the Hyperion Studio in 1926, in 1929, it was renamed again to Walt Disney Productions. With the profits from Snow White, Walt relocated to a studio in Burbank. In the 1940s, Disney began experimenting with full-length live-action films, with the introduction of hybrid live action-animated films such as The Reluctant Dragon and Song of the South. By 1953, the company ended their agreements with such third-party distributors as RKO Radio Pictures and United Artists and formed their own distribution company, Buena Vista Distribution. The Walt Disney Productions in April 1983 incorporated its film division as Walt Disney Pictures, Inc. Touchstone Films banner was used by then new Disney CEO Michael Eisner in the 1984–85 television season with the short lived western, Wildside. The next TV season, Touchstone produced a hit with The Golden Girls, David Hoberman was promoted to president of production, Walt Disney Pictures in April 1988. In April 1994, Hoberman was promoted to president of motion pictures at Walt Disney Studios and was replaced as Disney President by David Vogel. Vogel added the position of Hollywood Pictures in 1997, then was promoted in 1998 to head up all live action motion picture units as president of Buena Vista Motion Pictures Group, Pirates of the Caribbean launched a film series and made the ride into a franchise. After four Pirates sequels, the franchise took in more than $5.4 billion worldwide, so, the corporation was looking for addition of the ride adaptations. In 2010, Disney released Alice in Wonderland, an adaptation of the 1951 animated film of the name that became the second $1 billion-grossing film in the studios history. The film began a trend of fantasy genre films being green-lit. With sister units Marvel Studios and Lucasfilm successfully targeting the male market, with the success of Maleficent and Cinderella, the studio announced a whole series of live-action adaptations of animated films as being in early stages. The Jungle Book cemented this trend with a global near billion-dollar box office, some adaptations are sequels to existing adaptations, origin stories and prequels
3.
Walt Disney Animation Studios
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Founded on October 16,1923, it is a division of The Walt Disney Studios. The studio has produced 56 feature films, from Snow White and it was founded as the Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio in 1923 and incorporated as Walt Disney Productions in 1929. The studio was dedicated to producing short films until it expanded into feature production in 1934. In 1983, Walt Disney Productions named its film studio Walt Disney Pictures. In 2006, Walt Disney Feature Animation took on its current name, the studio also pioneered the art of storyboarding, which is now a standard technique used in both animated and live-action filmmaking. Walt Disney Animation Studios continues to produce films using both traditional animation and computer-generated imagery, at the present, Andrew Millstein is the general manager of the studio for day-to-day business affairs, under the direction of Edwin Catmull and John Lasseter who also oversee Pixar. Kansas City, Missouri, natives Walt Disney and Roy O, in February 1924, the studio moved next door to office space of its own at 4649 Kingswell Avenue. Disney refused, and as Universal owned the rights to Oswald rather than Disney, most of Disneys staff was hired away by Mintz to move over, once Disneys Oswald contract was done in mid-1928. The first two Mickey Mouse cartoons, Plane Crazy and The Galloping Gaucho, were previewed in limited engagements during the summer of 1928, the Mickey Mouse series of sound cartoons, distributed by Powers through Celebrity Productions, quickly became the most popular cartoon series in the United States. A second Disney series of cartoons, the Silly Symphonies. Powers in return signed away Ub Iwerks, who began producing cartoons at his own studio, columbia distributed Disneys shorts for two years before the Disney studio entered a new distribution deal with United Artists in 1932. The result was the Silly Symphony Flowers and Trees, the first film released in full Technicolor. Flowers and Trees was a success, and all Silly Symphonies were subsequently produced in Technicolor. In 1934, Walt Disney gathered several key members and announced his plans to make his first feature animated film. In the course of teaching the classes, Graham and the created or formalized many of the techniques and processes that became the key tenets. During the production of Snow White, work had continued on the Mickey Mouse, Mickey Mouse switched to Technicolor in 1935, by which time the series had added several major supporting characters, among them Mickeys dog Pluto and their friends Donald Duck and Goofy. Donald, Goofy, and Pluto would all be appearing in series of their own by 1940, the Silly Symphonies, which garnered seven Academy Awards, ended in 1939. The success of Snow White allowed Disney to build a new, larger studio on Buena Vista Street in Burbank, Walt Disney Productions had its initial public offering on April 2,1940, with Walt Disney as president and chairman and Roy Disney as CEO
4.
Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment
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Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment is the home video distribution division of The Walt Disney Company. Disney began distributing videos under its own label in 1980 under the name Walt Disney Home Video, before Disney began releasing home video titles itself, it licensed some titles to MCA Discovision for their newly developed disc format, later called LaserDisc. According to the Blam Entertainment Group website, which has details of DiscoVision releases. One of these was the feature film Kidnapped, the others were compilations of Disney shorts. Disneys agreement with MCA ended in December 1981, in 1980, Disney established its own video distribution operation as part of Walt Disney Telecommunications and Non-Theatrical Company with Jim Jimirro as its first president. Home video was not considered to be a market by Disney at the time. WDTNT also handled the marketing of other ancillary items such as short 8 mm films for home use. Disneys first releases on tape were 13 titles that were licensed for rental to Fotomat on March 4,1980, initially in a four-city test, the agreement specified rental fees ranging from $7.95 to $13.95. Later, on December 30,1980, Mary Poppins was added to make 14 titles in all, from January 1 to March 31,1981, Disney had a License One — Get One Free promotion to encourage dealers to sign up. They also offered free use of a 7-minute Mickey Mouse Disco videocassette for customers who rented any title from an Authorized Rental Dealer from February through May 1981. Disney was unusual among the studios in offering a program for authorized rentals. Most of the studios involved in the videocassette market at the time were trying to find ways to stop dealers from renting out their movie tapes. Magnetic Video ceased doing business with Fotomat after Fotomat began renting Magnetic Video cassettes without authorization, disneys rental cassettes in blue cases looked completely different from sale cassettes, which were in white cases. In the late-1980s, Disney began seeking other outlets to distribute its video, and decided to ink deals with mass-merchant retailers such as Target, Caldor, in 1989, Disney sought to further control the distribution of its products by eliminating the use of rack jobbers. Around this time, the studio began partnering with major retailers for advertising campaigns, Buena Vista Home Video was incorporated on February 13,1987. In April 1996 due to ongoing post Disney-CC/ABC merger realignment, Buena Vista Home Video was transferred out of the Disney Television, Buena Vista Home Video was renamed Buena Vista Home Entertainment in 1997. The first of the Disney animated features canon to be released on videocassette was Dumbo on June 28,1981, the Many Adventures of Winnie the Pooh was released for rental and sale at the same time. Alice in Wonderland was released on October 15,1981, for rental only, Fun and Fancy Free was released in 1982 as Fun and Fancy Free Featuring, Mickey and the Beanstalk, to popularize on the more well-known segment from the film
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Computer animation
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Computer animation is the process used for generating animated images. The more general term computer-generated imagery encompasses both static scenes and dynamic images, while computer animation refers to the moving images. Modern computer animation usually uses 3D computer graphics, although 2D computer graphics are used for stylistic, low bandwidth. Sometimes, the target of the animation is the computer itself, Computer animation is essentially a digital successor to the stop motion techniques used in traditional animation with 3D models and frame-by-frame animation of 2D illustrations. It can also allow a single graphic artist to such content without the use of actors, expensive set pieces. To create the illusion of movement, an image is displayed on the monitor and repeatedly replaced by a new image that is similar to it. This technique is identical to how the illusion of movement is achieved with television and motion pictures, for 3D animations, objects are built on the computer monitor and 3D figures are rigged with a virtual skeleton. For 2D figure animations, separate objects and separate transparent layers are used with or without that virtual skeleton, then the limbs, eyes, mouth, clothes, etc. of the figure are moved by the animator on key frames. The differences in appearance between key frames are calculated by the computer in a process known as tweening or morphing. For 3D animations, all frames must be rendered after the modeling is complete, for 2D vector animations, the rendering process is the key frame illustration process, while tweened frames are rendered as needed. For pre-recorded presentations, the frames are transferred to a different format or medium. The frames may also be rendered in real time as they are presented to the end-user audience, low bandwidth animations transmitted via the internet often use software on the end-users computer to render in real time as an alternative to streaming or pre-loaded high bandwidth animations. To trick the eye and the brain into thinking they are seeing a moving object. With rates above 75-120 frames per second, no improvement in realism or smoothness is perceivable due to the way the eye, at rates below 12 frames per second, most people can detect jerkiness associated with the drawing of new images that detracts from the illusion of realistic movement. Conventional hand-drawn cartoon animation often uses 15 frames per second in order to save on the number of drawings needed, to produce more realistic imagery, computer animation demands higher frame rates. Films seen in theaters in the United States run at 24 frames per second, for high resolution, adapters are used. Early digital computer animation was developed at Bell Telephone Laboratories in the 1960s by Edward E. Zajac, Frank W. Sinden, other digital animation was also practiced at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. An early step in the history of animation was the sequel to the 1973 film Westworld
6.
Short film
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A short film, is a cinema format, denoting any film not long enough to be considered a feature film. The term featurette originally applied to a longer than a short subject. The increasingly rare term short subject means approximately the same thing and it is an industry term which carries more of an assumption that the film is shown as part of a presentation along with a feature film. Short is an abbreviation for either term, Short films are often screened at local, national, or international film festivals and made by independent filmmakers for non profit, either with a low budget or no budget at all. They are usually funded by grants, non profit organizations. Short films are used by filmmakers to gain experience or prove their talent in order to gain funding for future films from private investors, entertainment companies. Longer and shorter films coexisted with similar popularity throughout the days of film. However, comedy films were produced in large numbers compared to lengthy features such as D. W. Griffiths The Birth of a Nation. By the 1920s, a ticket purchased a varied program including a feature and several supporting works from such as second feature, short comedy, 5–10 minute cartoon, travelogue. Short comedies were popular, and typically came in a serial or series. Even though there was no set release schedule, these series could be considered somewhat like a modern TV sitcom – lower in status than feature films. Animated cartoons came principally as short subjects, in the 1930s, the distribution system changed in many countries owing to the Great Depression. Instead of the cinema owner assembling a program of their own choice, the studios sold a package centered on a main and supporting feature, with the rise of the double feature, two reel shorts went into decline as a commercial category. Hal Roach, for example, moved Laurel and Hardy full-time into feature films after 1935, by the mid-1950s, with the rise of television, the commercial live-action short was virtually dead, The Three Stooges being the last major series of 2-reelers, ending in 1959. Short films had become a medium for student, independent and specialty work, cartoon shorts had a longer life, due in part to the implementation of lower-cost limited animation techniques, but also declined in this period. Warner Bros. one of the most prolific of the golden era, the Pink Panther was the last regular theatrical cartoon short series, having begun in 1964 and ended in 1980. By the 1960s, the market for animated shorts had largely shifted to television, a few animated shorts continue within mainstream commercial distribution. For instance, Pixar has screened a short along with each of its feature films during its theatrical run since 1995
7.
Tangled
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Tangled is a 2010 American 3D computer-animated musical fantasy-comedy film produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures. Loosely based on the German fairy tale Rapunzel in the collection of tales published by the Brothers Grimm. Featuring the voices of Mandy Moore and Zachary Levi, the tells the story of a lost. Against her mothers wishes, she accepts the aid of an intruder to take her out into the world which she has never seen. Before the films release, its title was changed from Rapunzel to Tangled, composer Alan Menken, who had worked on prior Disney animated features, returned to score Tangled. Tangled premiered at the El Capitan Theatre on November 14,2010, the film was well received by critics and audiences alike. The film earned $591 million in box office revenue, $200 million of which was earned in the United States. The film was nominated for a number of awards, including Best Original Song at the 83rd Academy Awards, the film was released on Blu-ray and DVD on March 29,2011, a short film, Tangled Ever After, was released later in 2012. A television series premiered in 2017, long ago, a drop of sunlight became a golden flower capable of healing illness, decay, and injury. Hundreds of years later, the flower is used by Mother Gothel to retain her youth, until soldiers from nearby kingdom, Corona. Shortly afterwards, the Queen gives birth to Princess Rapunzel, while attempting to recover the flower, Gothel discovers that Rapunzels hair contains the flowers healing properties, and that cutting her hair destroys its power. Gothel takes the baby and raises her as her own daughter in an isolated tower, once a year, the King and Queen release sky lanterns on Rapunzels birthday, hoping for their daughters return. On the eve of her 18th birthday, Rapunzel requests to leave the tower and discover the source of the lanterns, meanwhile, thief Flynn Rider steals Rapunzels crown from the kingdom and inadvertently discovers the tower after ditching his allies, the Stabbington brothers. Rapunzel captures Flynn and discovers the crown, but is unaware of its significance, Rapunzel plans to take Flynn to Gothel to prove she can take care of herself, but Gothel becomes angry. Rapunzel then asks for a paint that will take Gothel three days round trip to obtain and return, and Gothel accepts. Rapunzel convinces a reluctant Flynn to escort her to see the lanterns in exchange for the crown, Flynn takes Rapunzel to the Snuggly Duckling, a pub filled with the frightening people Gothel warned Rapunzel about, but who instead are charmed by Rapunzels innocence. Royal soldiers led by one of the armys lead horses, Maximus. Rapunzel and Flynn escape but are trapped in a flooding cave
8.
Beauty and the Beast (1991 film)
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Beauty and the Beast is a 1991 American animated musical romantic fantasy film produced by Walt Disney Feature Animation and released by Walt Disney Pictures. To become a prince again, Beast must win her love in return, otherwise, he will remain a monster forever. The film also features the voices of Richard White, Jerry Orbach, David Ogden Stiers, Walt Disney first attempted unsuccessfully to adapt Beauty and the Beast into an animated film during the 1930s and 1950s. Following the success of The Little Mermaid, Walt Disney Pictures decided to adapt the fairy tale, Disney chairman Jeffrey Katzenberg eventually dismissed Purdums idea and ordered that the film be a musical similar to The Little Mermaid instead. The film was directed by Gary Trousdale and Kirk Wise, with a screenplay by Linda Woolverton story first credited to Roger Allers, lyricist Howard Ashman and composer Alan Menken wrote the films songs. Ashman, who served as the films executive producer, died of AIDS-related complications eight months before the films release. The film was a box office success, grossing $425 million worldwide and it won the Academy Award for Best Original Score and Best Original Song for its title song. In April 1994, Beauty and the Beast became Disneys first animated film to be adapted into a Broadway musical, the success of the film spawned two direct-to-video follow-ups, Beauty and the Beast, The Enchanted Christmas and Belles Magical World. This was followed by a television series, Sing Me a Story with Belle. An IMAX version was released in 2002 that included Human Again, after the success of the 3D re-release of The Lion King, the film was reissued in 3D in 2012. In 2002, the film was selected for preservation in the National Film Registry by the Library of Congress for being culturally, historically, a live-action remake of the film was released on March 17,2017. Somewhere in France, an enchantress, disguised as an old beggar, offers an enchanted rose to a prince in exchange for shelter in his castle from the bitter cold. For his callousness, the enchantress transforms him into a beast to match his character and she gives him a magic mirror that enables him to view faraway events, along with the rose. To break the spell, the prince must learn to love another, if he fails, he will remain a beast forever. Ten years later, a woman, Belle, is bored of her village life. Because of her nonconformist ideals, she is ridiculed by everyone except her father Maurice, the bookseller. Despite being popular with the townsfolk, Gaston is determined to marry Belle, Maurice and his horse Phillipe get lost in the forest while traveling to a fair to present his newest invention, a wood-chopping machine. When Phillipe abandons Maurice, he comes across the Beasts castle, inside, he meets Lumière the candlestick, Cogsworth the clock, Mrs. Potts the teapot, and her son Chip the teacup
9.
Disney Channel
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Disney Channels programming consists of original first-run television series, theatrically-released and original made-for-cable movies and select other third-party programming. Disney Channel – which formerly operated as a premium service – originally marketed its programs towards families during the 1980s, most of Disney Channels original programming is aimed at kids ages 9–16, while its Disney Junior programs are targeted at children 8 years and under. As of January 2016, Disney Channel is available to approximately 93.9 million pay television households in the United States. The Disney Sunday Movie, a version of the Walt Disney anthology television series, began on the channel in 1986 concurrent with ABCs version until 1988 and NBCs The Magical World of Disney. Disney Channel Original Movies series of made for television movies started on August 23,1997 with Northern Lights supplanting the previous Disney Channel Premiere Films banner.2 million viewers. The Cheetah Girls films were also successful in terms of merchiandise. The first film in 2003 was the first made-for-TV movie musical in Disney Channels history, and had a worldwide audience of over 84 million viewers. The second movie was the most successful of the series, bringing in 8.1 million viewers in the U. S. Disney Junior – Disney Junior is a block that features shows targeted at children aged 3–9. Which debuted on February 14,2011, it airs Monday through Fridays from 8,00 a. m. –2,00 p. m. and weekends from 6,00 to 9,00 a. m. Disney Junior carries one of the few programs on Disney Channel that feature classic Disney characters as of 2013, Mickey Mouse Clubhouse. Other programs currently seen in this block include Jake and the Never Land Pirates, Sheriff Callies Wild West, Sofia the First, Miles from Tomorrowland, The Lion Guard and Doc McStuffins. C. Saturdays from 8, 00-11,00 p. m. and Sundays from 7, Saturday nights feature repeats of recent episodes of the channels original series or an occasional film telecast. Encores of the respective nights programs typically air between 11,00 p. m. and 2,30 a. m, Eastern/Pacific each night during that weekend. Out of This World Weekend – a weekend of shows having space themed episodes, Weekend – a weekend of shows having mystery themed episodes. This was the first special weekend, Summer Adventure Weekend – a weekend of shows with vacation themed episodes. Flash Forward Weekend – a weekend of shows related to time travel, freaky Freakend – a weekend of shows featuring paranormal themed episodes. April Fuel Week – a week of shows featuring special episodes, Weekend – a weekend of shows featuring guest stars from other Disney Channel shows, occurs mostly in April. Programming seen during Disney Nighttime included older feature films, along with original concert specials, variety specials, mystery Night – ran each Tuesday evening starting at 9,00 p. m. Eastern/Pacific from 1990 to 1993, focused on mystery films from the 1930s to the 1960s
10.
The Princess and the Frog
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The Princess and the Frog is a 2009 American animated musical romantic fantasy comedy-drama film produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures. The 49th Disney animated feature film, the film is based on the novel The Frog Princess by E. D. Baker. Set in 1920s New Orleans, Louisiana, the tells the story of a hardworking waitress named Tiana who dreams of owning her own restaurant. After kissing a prince who has turned into a frog by an evil witch doctor, Tiana becomes a frog herself. The Princess and the Frog began production under the working title The Frog Princess and it marked Disneys return to traditional animation, as it was the studios first traditionally animated film since Home on the Range. Co-directors Ron Clements and John Musker, directors of Disneys highly successful films The Little Mermaid and Aladdin, returned to Disney to direct The Princess, cars, and the Toy Story trilogy. The film also marked the return of Disney animated musical films based on well-known stories since the Disney Renaissance, the Princess and the Frog opened in limited release in New York and Los Angeles on November 25,2009, and in wide release on December 11,2009. The film was successful at the box-office, ranking first place on its opening weekend in North America and it received three Academy Award nominations at the 82nd Academy Awards, one for Best Animated Feature and two for its achievement in music. It lost to Up and Crazy Heart, respectively, in 1912 New Orleans, a seamstress, Eudora, is reading the story of The Frog Prince to her daughter, Tiana, and her friend, Charlotte La Bouff. Charlotte finds the story to be romantic, while Tiana proclaims she will never kiss a frog, Prince Naveen of Maldonia arrives in New Orleans to better his financial situation. After being cut off by his parents, Naveen intends to marry a rich southern belle, Eli Big Daddy La Bouff, a rich sugar baron and Charlottes father, is hosting a masquerade ball in Naveens honor. Charlotte hires Tiana to make beignets for the ball, giving her money to buy an old sugar mill to convert into her restaurant. Meanwhile, Naveen and his valet, Lawrence, encounter voodoo witch doctor Dr. Facilier, Facilier intends for Lawrence to marry Charlotte, after which he will kill Big Daddy and claim his fortune. At the ball, Tiana discovers she may lose the mill to a higher bidder, Tiana then meets Naveen, who, believing her to be a princess because of her costume, asks her to kiss him and break Faciliers spell. In exchange for the money needed, Tiana accepts, but when she kisses Naveen, a chase ensues, and Tiana and Naveen escape to a bayou. At the bayou, Tiana and Naveen meet Louis, an alligator who longs to be human, and Ray. Louis and Ray offer to lead Tiana and Naveen to the hoodoo priestess Mama Odie, during this time, Tiana and Naveen develop feelings for each other. Meanwhile, Facilier makes a deal with the spirits, offering them the souls of the people of New Orleans in exchange for finding Naveen
11.
Walt Disney Platinum and Diamond Editions
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Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment has released several hundred titles to home video since 1978, as well as direct-to-video features. They have been released on VHS, Betamax, Laserdisc, CED Videodisc, CD Video, DVD, Universal Media Disc and these are most of the notable releases that Disney put out on home video. These were the titles licensed by Disney to MCA DiscoVision for their new videodisc format, the first 13 titles put out for rental on March 4,1980, when Disney was working with Fotomat to get into the video business. These titles were made for sale along with rental in October 1980. In addition to the 13 Fotomat titles being made for sale in late 1980, from 1987 to 1992, the series was revived with shorter videos in cardboard slipcover cases. Walt Disney Cartoon Classics Vol.1, Heres Mickey, 526V/526B Walt Disney Cartoon Classics Vol.2, Heres Donald. 527V/527B Walt Disney Cartoon Classics Vol.3, Heres Goofy, 529V/529B Walt Disney Cartoon Classics Vol.4, Silly Symphonies. 530V/530B Walt Disney Cartoon Classics Vol.5, Heres Pluto, volumes 6-10 were released in a set with a slipcover, stock #590. The laserdisc releases combined the material from two VHS releases, although they didnt use volume numbers, they shared the same titles, and the cover art for the laserdisc releases was simply the cover art for the VHS releases placed side-by-side. Walt Disney Cartoon Classics, Heres Mickey, 395AS Walt Disney Cartoon Classics, Heres Donald. 396AS Walt Disney Cartoon Classics, Silly Symphonies, / The Goofy World of Sports 1455AS The last attempt to revive the Cartoon Classics series, with videos from 1987 to 1993, packaged in cardboard slipcover cases. Starting in mid 1984 many earlier Disney videos as well as new titles were repackaged with white clamshells. V, SuperTed IV, New Intergalactic Adventure Starting on December 3,1985, Disney started a Christmas promotion and it ended on January 31,1986. V, The Mickey Mouse Club Volume One On May 27,1986, alice in Wonderland, however, had The Classics packaging. They were like some of the titles in the 1985 Christmas promo, however, The Journey of Natty Gann and Return to Oz were in cardboard slipcover cases, mainly because they were contemporary features at the time. V, Walt Disney Video A Longs, Winnie the Pooh, V, Walt Disney Video A Longs, The Disney Classics. 138 V, One Little Indian 174 V, The Living Desert 160 V, Unidentified Flying Oddball 371 V, Westward Ho, The Wagons. 187 V, Charley and the Angel 86 V, Grefriars Bobby 262 V, Moon Pilot 296 V, So Dear to My Heart 321 V, The Horse in the Gray Flannel Suit 324 V, Born to Run 104 V, Treasure of Matecumbe
12.
Cinderella (1950 film)
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Cinderella is a 1950 American animated musical fantasy film produced by Walt Disney and originally released by RKO Radio Pictures. Based on the fairy tale Cendrillon by Charles Perrault, it is the twelfth Disney animated feature film, directing credits go to Clyde Geronimi, Hamilton Luske, and Wilfred Jackson. Songs were written by Mack David, Jerry Livingston, and Al Hoffman, songs in the film include Cinderella, A Dream is a Wish Your Heart Makes, Sing Sweet Nightingale, The Work Song, Bibbidi-Bobbidi-Boo, and So This is Love. It features the voices of Ilene Woods, Eleanor Audley, Verna Felton, Rhoda Williams, James MacDonald, Luis van Rooten, Don Barclay, Mike Douglas, at the time, however, the studio was over $4 million in debt and was on the verge of bankruptcy. Walt Disney and his animators turned back to film production in 1948 after producing a string of package films with the idea of adapting Charles Perraults Cendrillon into a motion picture. It is the first Disney film in all of Disneys Nine Old Men worked together as directing animators. After two years in production, Cinderella was finally released on February 15,1950 and it became the greatest critical and commercial hit for the studio since Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs and helped reverse the studios fortunes. It is considered one of the best American animated films ever made and it received three Academy Award nominations, including Best Music, Original Song for Bibbidi-Bobbidi-Boo. Decades later, it was followed by two direct-to-video sequels—Cinderella II, Dreams Come True and Cinderella III, A Twist in Time—and a 2015 live-action remake directed by Kenneth Branagh. Despite this, Cinderella is a kind and gentle young woman and is friends with mice and birds live in. Meanwhile, at the palace, the King is frustrated that his son. He and the Grand Duke organize a ball in an effort to find a wife for the Prince. Upon receiving notice of the ball, Tremaine agrees to let Cinderella go if she finishes her chores, Cinderella finds a gown that belongs to her mother and decides to refashion it for the ball, but her step family impedes this by giving her extra chores. Cinderellas animal friends, including Jaq and Gus, refashion it for her, completing the design with a necklace and sash discarded by Drizella and Anastasia, a heartbroken Cinderella runs out into the garden in tears, where her Fairy Godmother appears before her. As Cinderella leaves for the ball, the Fairy Godmother warns her the spell will break at the stroke of midnight, at the ball, the Prince rejects every girl until he sees Cinderella, who agrees to dance with him. The two fall in love and go out for a stroll together in the castle gardens, as they are about to kiss, Cinderella hears the clock start to chime midnight and flees. As she leaves the castle, one of her slippers falls off, the palace guards give chase as Cinderella flees in the coach before the spell breaks on the last stroke of midnight. Cinderella, her pets, and the hide in a wooded area as the guards pass
13.
ITunes
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ITunes is a media player, media library, online radio broadcaster, and mobile device management application developed by Apple Inc. It is used to play, download, and organize digital downloads of music and video on personal computers running the macOS, the iTunes Store is also available on the iPhone, iPad, and iPod Touch. Application software for the iPhone, iPad and iPod Touch can be downloaded from the App Store. ITunes 12.5 is the most recent major version of iTunes, available for Mac OS X v10.9.5 or later and Windows 7 or later, it was released on September 13,2016. ITunes 12.2 added Apple Music to the application, along with the Beats 1 radio station, soundJam MP, developed by Bill Kincaid and released by Casady & Greene in 1998, was renamed iTunes when Apple purchased it in 2000. Jeff Robbin, Kincaid, and Dave Heller moved to Apple as part of the acquisition and they simplified SoundJams user interface, added the ability to burn CDs, and removed its recording feature and skin support. On January 9,2001, iTunes 1.0 was released at Macworld San Francisco, originally a Mac OS 9-only application, iTunes began to support Mac OS X when version 2.0 was released nine months later, which also added support for the original iPod. Version 3 dropped Mac OS9 support but added smart playlists, in April 2003, version 4.0 introduced the iTunes Store, in October, version 4.1 added support for Microsoft Windows 2000 and Windows XP. Introduced at Macworld 2005 with the new iPod Shuffle, Version 4.7, Version 7.0 introduced gapless playback and Cover Flow in September 2006. In March 2007, iTunes 7.1 added support for Windows Vista, iTunes lacked support for 64-bit versions of Windows until the 7.6 update on January 16,2008. ITunes is supported under any 64-bit version of Windows Vista, although the iTunes executable is still 32-bit, the 64-bit versions of Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 are not supported by Apple, but a workaround has been devised for both operating systems. Version 8.0 added Genius playlists, grid view, iTunes 9 added Homeshare, enabling automatic updating of purchased items across other computers on the same subnet and offers a new iTunes Store UI. Genius Mixes were added, as well as improved app synchronization abilities and it also adds iTunes LPs to the store, which provides additional media with an album. Apple added iTunes Extras as well to the store, which adds content usually reserved for films on DVD, both iTunes LPs and Extras use web-standards HTML, JavaScript and CSS. iTunes acts as a front end for Apples QuickTime media framework. Officially, it is required in order to manage the data of an iPod, iPhone, or iPad. In addition, users are able to add PDF files to their library, the PDFs can be synchronized with and read on several devices except the regular iPod. iTunes 8.0 saw the removal of several options in the Preferences window. For example, iTunes once gave users the option to display arrows beside the selected songs title, artist, album and these arrows are no longer removable, except through the direct editing of a preferences file. ITunes keeps track of songs by creating a library, allowing users to access
14.
Rapunzel (Disney)
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Rapunzel is a fictional character who appears in Walt Disney Animation Studios 50th animated feature film Tangled and Tangled Ever After. Created and animated by supervising animator Glen Keane, Rapunzel is loosely based on the character who appears in the fairy tale of the same name published by The Brothers Grimm. The character was adapted into a less passive heroine for the film, the writers incorporated the quirky personalities of actresses Reese Witherspoon, Natalie Portman and Amy Poehler into the character. Critical reception of Rapunzel has been positive, with critics complimenting her spirited, lively personality. Chronologically the tenth Disney Princess, Rapunzel was officially inducted into the line-up on October 2,2011 and her physical appearance and personality have drawn much comparison between her and preceding Disney Princess Ariel from The Little Mermaid, by whom she was inspired. Longtime Disney animator Glen Keane first decided to adapt the fairy tale Rapunzel by The Brothers Grimm into a feature film in 1996. Keane eventually resigned from his position as director after suffering an attack in 2008. However, Keane remained closely involved with the project nonetheless, serving as both the executive producer and Rapunzels supervising animator. According to Keane, this was due to the fact that the majority of the fairy tale takes place within a tower. To overcome this, Tangleds writers were forced to develop a way of bringing Rapunzel out of the tower, originally, the film was conceived under the title Rapunzel Unbraided, which Keane described as a Shrek-like version of the film that revolved around an entirely different concept. Keane said of the plot, It was a fun, wonderful, witty version. But in my heart of hearts I believed there was something much more sincere and genuine to get out of the story, so we set it aside and went back to the roots of the original fairy tale. An interview with actress Kristin Chenoweth, who was originally cast as Rapunzel, as directors, Greno and Howard felt it essential that Rapunzel resemble a less passive heroine than the way she is depicted in the original fairy tale. We knew we were making this movie for a contemporary audience and we wanted all this girl power and to really drive this story, so she doesnt wait around for anything. Shes a smart girl, she has these hopes and dreams, Tangleds production was surrounded by rumors that it would be Disneys last princess film. In 2004, actress and singer Kristin Chenoweth was originally cast as the voice of Rapunzel while the film was still titled Rapunzel Unbraided under Keanes direction. Chenoweth, who had begun recording dialogue for the role, said of her character at the time, I am Rapunzel. At one point, Disney had cast actress Reese Witherspoon as Rapunzel, the filmmakers opted not to hire A-list celebrities to voice the films main characters
15.
Flynn Rider
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The character is voiced by American actor Zachary Levi, who decided to audition for the role upon learning that he would also be providing the characters singing voice. Levis duet with singer and co-star Mandy Moore, I See the Light, would go on to become the actors first professionally recorded song and musical debut. Loosely based on the prince in the Brothers Grimm fairy tale Rapunzel, originally written as a British farmer, Flynn was ultimately developed into a swashbuckling thief based on fictional characters Han Solo and Indiana Jones. Actors Errol Flynn, whose surname serves as the characters first in homage. Flynn has ultimately divided film critics, garnering a mixed reception, additionally, Flynn has also been strongly accused of being a marketing tool exploited by Disney to attract a larger male audience to Tangled. However, both the characters romantic comedy-esque relationship with Rapunzel and Levis vocal performance have received widespread acclaim, Flynn is also considered to be among the most appealing Disney heroes by Vanity Fair, E. and Cosmopolitan. Filmmaker Walt Disney himself had first attempted to adapt the Brothers Grimm fairy tale Rapunzel into a animated film during the 1930s and 1940s. However, the project was abandoned because the original fairy tale was considered too small. Flynn was conceived because the directors felt that Rapunzel needed to get out, so she needed to meet a guy to take her to where shes going. In the original tale, Rapunzels love interest is a prince. Greno elaborated, When you look back at some of the past Disney princes. A lot of them are kind of soft and theyre not like people we think are cool, continuing, Theyre good guys. However, some of the filmmakers themselves were concerned that Flynn was becoming too edgy, Greno revealed that There were people. Who were a little worried because they were hearing these rumors, Well, Hes kind of a ladies man, and hes very arrogant. Greno summarized Flynns conception and development to Orange, When we were putting it together and trying to figure out who Flynn Rider was in this movie, we looked at a bunch of different sources. When you look back at some of the past Disney princes or something, Theyre good guys, so I guess we sort of took that to the other extreme. Those characters, if theyre right, can be so funny. On the flip side, if not done right, they can be really off putting
16.
Pascal and Maximus
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A comedic chameleon and horse duo, Pascal and Maximus serve as sidekicks to main characters Rapunzel and Flynn Rider, respectively. In Tangled, Pascal resides alongside Rapunzel in Mother Gothels tower, in Tangled Ever After, Pascal and Maximus appear as ring bearers at Rapunzel and Flynns wedding. When they lose the wedding rings, the duo frantically attempts to retrieve them. Greno and Howard created Pascal in order to provide the lonely, feeling that a reptile would compliment Rapunzels quirky personality, the directors ultimately decided to make the character a chameleon as opposed to a traditional woodland creature. Meanwhile, Maximus was originally conceived as a serious horse based on actor Tommy Lee Jones until the animators decided to make him a funnier. Additionally, several film critics preferred Pascal and Maximus to the films couple, filmmaker Walt Disney himself had first attempted to adapt the Brothers Grimm fairy tale Rapunzel into a feature-length animated film during the 1930s. However, Disney eventually abandoned the project because the story was considered too small, when first approached to direct Tangled in 2008, directors Nathan Greno and Byron Howard decided that it would be best to update the story for a modern audience. The directors soon discovered that the problem with having a prison character, is that they dont have anyone to talk to. Howard explained that because Rapunzel is incapable of having a conversation with Mother Gothel, Howard explained that what we wanted to do is something fresh, something different. This girl, shes not a dainty, precious girl, shes going to have a lizard. Additionally, Howard believed that a reptile would compliment and suit Rapunzels personality best, Maximus was originally conceived by Howard as the ultimate super-cop, jokingly dubbing the character the Tommy Lee Jones of horses. Could have easily slipped into the category of, Oh, Ive seen that before, to prevent this, the filmmakers referenced a board with photos of all the different animated horses that had been done. One critic wrote about Maximus, Horses have played a key role in armies and police forces around the world for hundreds of years, but Maximus is clearly one of a kind. Fearless in the face of danger, relentless in pursuit, and possessed of a nose befitting a bloodhound, considered rare for Disney animals, Pascal and Maximus do not speak. The idea to make Pascal and Maximus mute was inspired by the performances of actors Charlie Chaplin, identifying themselves as huge fans of Chaplin, Greno and Howard suggested that it would be a good idea to have a character like the actor featured in the film. Maximus particularly belongs to the tradition of Disney creatures that are full of personality even though they dont talk. One film critic observed that Pascal and Maximus have personalities all their own, the Chicago Sun-Times observed that Pascal. Doesnt speak, but manages to convey himself with eye rolls, both animals sound effects are provided by American actor Frank Welker
17.
Wedding ring
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A wedding ring or wedding band is a finger ring that indicates that its wearer is married. It is usually forged from metal, and traditionally is forged of gold or another precious metal, the earliest examples of wedding rings are from ancient Egypt. Western customs for wedding rings can be traced to ancient Rome and Greece, and were transmitted to the present through Christendom in Europe, depending on culture, a wedding ring is typically worn on the base of the left or right ring finger. Many spouses wear their wedding day and night, causing an indentation in the skin that is visible even when the ring is removed. Another indication of their importance is that wedding rings are among the few items that prison inmates. It is commonly believed that the first examples of wedding rings were found in ancient Egypt, relics dating to 6,000 years ago, including papyrus scrolls, are evidence of the exchange of braided rings of hemp or reeds between spouses. Ancient Egypt considered the circle to be a symbol of eternity, the Western traditions of wedding rings can be traced to ancient Rome and Greece, and were first associated with the marital dowry and later with a promise of fidelity. The modern exchange of rings derived from the customs of Europe in the Middle Ages as part of Christendom, in the United States, wedding rings were initially only worn by wives, but became customary for both husbands and wives during the 20th century. During the 16th and 17th centuries, European husbands bestowed a gimmel ring upon their wives, similar to the puzzle ring, the gimmel ring consisted of two interlocking bands. The bride and groom both wore one of bands after their engagement, and the two bands were reunited during the wedding ceremony. Subsequently, the wife wore the combined ring, the poesy ring was a style of ring that was popular during the Renaissance era. It was a band of sterling silver inscribed with a poem or poesy, different cultures used many other historical styles of wedding ring. For example, see the image below of the Byzantine ring depicting Christ uniting bride, also, in the Middle East the puzzle ring was a historical custom, this ring consisted of several pieces that joined together into a cohesive band when worn properly. The object of this style of ring was to render it difficult to put on the finger properly such that, if the wife removed it. The fede ring, being a band consisting of two hands clasped in betrothal, is another custom of Europe that ostensibly dates from antiquity. The double-ring ceremony describes the exchange of wedding rings by and for both spouses, although not without historical precedent, it is largely an American innovation of the 20th century. The American jewelry industry started a campaign to encourage this practice in the late 19th century. In the 1920s, advertising campaigns tried to introduce a male engagement ring, rising expectations of equality between the sexes in nearly all aspects of life during the 20th century cemented the trend, and double-ring ceremonies are preponderant in America in the 21st century
18.
Voice acting
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Voice acting is the art of doing voice-overs or providing voices to represent a character or to provide information to an audience or user. Voice acting is also done for small handheld audio games, performers are called voice actors or actresses, voice artists, or voice talent. Their roles may also involve singing, although a voice actor is sometimes cast as the characters singing voice. Voice acting is recognised in Britain as a specialized dramatic profession, Voice artists are also used to record the individual sample fragments played back by a computer in an automated announcement. The voices for animated characters are provided by voice actors, for live action productions, voice acting often involves reading the parts of computer programs, radio dispatchers, or other characters who never actually appear on screen. With a radio drama or CD drama, there is freedom in voice acting, because there is no need to match a dub to the original actors. In the context of voice acting, narration is the use of commentary to convey a story to an audience. A narrator is a character or a non-personal voice that the creator of the story develops to deliver information to the audience. The voice actor who plays the narrator is responsible for performing the lines assigned to the narrator. In traditional literary narratives, narration is a story element, in other types of narratives, such as plays, television shows, video games. One of the most common uses for voice acting is within commercial advertising, the voice actor is hired to voice a message associated with the advertisement. This has different subgenres, television, radio, cinema, the subgenres are all different styles in their own right. Voiceover used in commercial adverts also is the area of voice acting where de-breathing is used. De-breathing means artificially removing breaths from the recorded voice and this is done to stop the audience being distracted in any way from the commercial message that is being put across. Dub localization is a type of voice-over and it is the practice of voice-over translation altering a foreign language film, art film or television series by voice actors. Voice-over translation is an audiovisual translation technique, in which, unlike in Dub localization, actor voices are recorded over the audio track. This method of translation is most often used in documentaries and news reports to translate words of foreign-language interviewees, automated dialogue replacement is the process of re-recording dialogue by the original actor after the filming process to improve audio quality or reflect dialogue changes. ADR is also used to change original lines recorded on set to clarify context, improve diction or timing, in the UK, it is also called post-synchronization or post-sync
19.
Mandy Moore
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Amanda Leigh Mandy Moore is an American actress, singer, and songwriter. Moore first came to prominence with her 1999 debut single, Candy, after signing with Epic Records, she released her first album, So Real, in 1999. It went on to receive a Platinum certification from the RIAA and her 2000 single, I Wanna Be with You, became her first Top 30 song in the US, peaking at number 24 on the Hot 100 chart. As of 2009, Moore has sold more than 10 million albums worldwide, in 2012, Moore was ranked #96 on VH1s list of 100 Greatest Women in Music, as well as #63 on their Sexiest Artists of All Time List. Outside of her career, Moore has also branched out into acting. She made her debut in the 2001 comedy film Dr. Dolittle 2. Later that year, she appeared as Lana Thomas in the comedy film The Princess Diaries and she had her first starring role as Jamie Sullivan in the 2002 romantic drama film A Walk to Remember, which was based on Nicholas Sparks novel. Moore later voiced Rapunzel in the 2010 animated feature Tangled, in 2016, she began starring as Rebecca Pearson in the NBC family comedy-drama series This Is Us for which she received a Golden Globe Award nomination. Amanda Leigh Moore was born on April 10,1984 in Nashua and her mother, Stacy, is a former news reporter who once worked for the Orlando Sentinel, and her father, Donald Moore, is a pilot for American Airlines. Moore was raised Catholic, but has developed a hodgepodge of things that she believes. Moores ancestry is Russian Jewish, English, and Irish and she is the second among the three children with an older brother, Scott, and a younger brother, Kyle. When she was two old, Moore and her family moved to Longwood, Seminole County, Florida, outside of Orlando. She attended Bishop Moore Catholic High School in Orlando, Florida from 1998 to 2002, Moore became interested in acting and singing at a young age, and cited her British grandmother, Eileen Friedman, a professional ballerina in London, as one of her inspirations. Moore stated My parents thought It was just a phase Id grow out of, but I stuck to it and begged them for acting lessons, for voice lessons. Moore began starring in numerous productions, as well as performing the National Anthem at numerous Orlando based events. She was only twelve years old when she attended the Stagedoor Manor theater camp, production director Konnie Kittrell said of Moore She was a quiet, sweet girl, and stated that even though she earned numerous solos She wasnt a spotlight seeker. When Moore was thirteen, she working on music by herself. One day, while working in an Orlando studio, she was overheard by a FedEx delivery man, the delivery man, named Victor, later sent this friend a copy of Moores unfinished demo, and Moore went on to sign with the label
20.
Zachary Levi
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Zachary Levi Pugh is an American actor, director, and singer. He is best known for playing Chuck Bartowski in the series Chuck and he also appeared in the films Alvin and the Chipmunks, The Squeakquel, Tangled, and Thor, The Dark World. Levi starred in the role of Georg Nowack in the 2016 Broadway revival of She Loves Me opposite Laura Benanti. The production began previews at Studio 54 on February 19,2016, the run was later extended through July 10, where it then closed. Levi was nominated for a Tony Award for his performance, in 2010, Levi voiced Flynn Rider in the animated film Tangled, in which he performed the duet I See the Light with Mandy Moore, the song won a Grammy for Best Song Written for Visual Media. He later reprised the role in the short film Tangled Ever After, Levi was born in Lake Charles, Louisiana, the son of Susan and Darrell Pugh. When Levi was a child, his family moved across several states before finally heading back to their home in Ventura, California and he began acting on stage at the age of six, performing lead roles in regional productions such as Grease, The Outsiders, Oklahoma. The Wizard of Oz, and Big River at the Ojai Art Center and he chose his middle name as his stage name because his agent told him that a guy named Zach Pugh would not be going far in Hollywood. Levi first appeared in the FX television movie Big Shot, Confessions of a Campus Bookie and he played Kipp Steadman on the ABC sitcom Less than Perfect. He also portrayed a potential boyfriend of Charisma Carpenters character, Jane, Levi was slated to be a lead in an ABC pilot called Three for the 2004/2005 television season, but the show was not picked up. He landed the role in Chuck in 2007. Levi and his Chuck co-star, Yvonne Strahovski, were nominated for Best Action Actor and Actress Choice TV Series for the Teen Choice Awards 2010 where they both won and presented. In the summer of 2008, Levi was named one of Entertainment Weeklys Top Thirty People Under Thirty and he later starred in the film Alvin and the Chipmunks, The Squeakquel in the lead role as Daves cousin Toby Seville. In 2010 he is presented Kids Choice Awards, were both a winner for Alvin and the Chipmunks, The Squeakquel in Best Favorite Movie and he starred in the 2010 Disney-animated feature film Tangled, which is based on the popular fairy tale Rapunzel. He voices Flynn Rider, a bandit who finds refuge in Rapunzels tower and he provided narration in the 2011 film Under the Boardwalk, The Monopoly Story, a documentary about the game of Monopoly. Levi hosted the 2011 Spike Video Game Awards, buddyTV ranked him #97 on its list of TVs Sexiest Men of 2011. Levi landed the lead in the 2012 TV pilot Let It Go, which would have aired on Fox. Levi hosted the web documentaries Tomb Raider The Final Hours, going behind the scenes of the new Tomb Raider game and he was originally to portray Fandral in Thor, but had to drop out due to scheduling conflicts with Chuck
21.
Alan Dale
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Alan Hugh Dale is a New Zealand actor. As a child, Dale developed a love of theatre and also became a rugby player, after retiring from the sport, he took on a number of professions to support his family, before deciding to become a professional actor at age 27. With work limited in New Zealand, Dale moved to Australia and he later appeared as Jim Robinson in Neighbours, a part he played from 1985 until 1993. He left the series when he fell out with the producers over the pay he, after leaving Neighbours, Dale found he had become typecast as Robinson in Australia and struggled to find work. His career was revitalised after he relocated to the United States in 2000, Dale has been married to former Miss Australia Tracey Pearson since 1990 and has four children. Dale was born on 6 May 1947 in Dunedin, Otago, one of four children, Dale enjoyed his childhood, but his family was relatively poor. Although he was a child, Dale was bullied so he learned to defend and stand up for himself. Growing up in New Zealand without television until the 1960s, Dale developed a love of theatre and his first performance was for a school concert, at the age of 13, doing an impression of comedian Shelley Berman. His parents became founding members of a theatre in Auckland called The Little Dolphin Theatre. Dale often operated the equipment used to produce weather effects. Although a skilled player, Dale opted to move into drama instead because the acting fraternity didnt like footballers. Acting gave me the same buzz and there was the chance of a longer career and he gave up rugby at the age of 21 because it was not considered a workable career at the time, and he had to support his family. Acting roles were limited in New Zealand so Dale worked in jobs, including as a male model, a car salesman. While working as a milkman he heard the disc jockey at his radio station resign during a broadcast. Dale went over to the station and told the managers he could do a better job. They gave him a trial and then signed him up for the show, which led to him landing his first TV role. Dales first professional acting job was playing an Indian in a production of The Royal Hunt of the Sun at the Grafton Theatre in Auckland. His first on-screen role came in the New Zealand television drama Radio Waves, in the late 1970s, Dale moved to Australia at the age of 32, due to the limited acting work in New Zealand
22.
Paul F. Tompkins
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Paul Francis Tompkins is an American comedian, actor, and writer. He is known for his work in television on such programs as Mr. Show with Bob and David, Real Time with Bill Maher and he is well known for his numerous appearances on podcasts, including his 100+ appearances on Comedy Bang. He has also been the host of the Fusion Channel talk show No, in December 2014, Paste named his Twitter one of the The 75 Best Twitter Accounts of 2014 ranking it at #70. Paul Francis Tompkins was born September 12,1968 in Mount Airy and he has two brothers and three sisters. In 1986 Tompkins first performed comedy at 17 years of age at The Comedy Works in Philadelphia where he performed as half of a comedy duo with the late Rick Roman. Tompkins attended Temple University, however, he dropped out and left for Los Angeles, Tompkins met actor Jay Johnston in L. A. through their mutual friend, actor and director Adam McKay. McKay and Tompkins had become friends in Philadelphia, where they had started to perform stand-up at around the same time. McKay later moved to Chicago and met Johnston, Johnston moved to L. A. at around the time as Tompkins. Tompkins comedy career has included stand-up, sketch comedy and a variety of live performances. Tompkins stand-up comedy performances are of a storytelling and observationalist style and his shows often consist of extended riffs and long anecdotes. His comedic style has been described as comedy, Tompkins has stated that he is not bothered by the label. Tompkins has described his look as foppish and just this side of Cedric the Entertainer, Tompkins is based in Los Angeles and performs regularly in the city. Since 2002 he has performed a show called The Paul F. Tompkins Show at Largo. His show has featured guests such as Fiona Apple, Jack Black, Dave Foley, Zach Galifianakis, Ed Helms, Aimee Mann. Since its inception in 2005, Tompkins has taken part in the Thrilling Adventure Hour, the show began podcasting in January 2011, in October of that same year the shows podcasts moved to the Nerdist Industries podcast network created by Chris Hardwick. Tompkins is a member of the Upright Citizens Brigade Theatre Los Angeles and his comedy album Impersonal was recorded live at the UCB Theatre. He also performs monthly at the Dead Authors show at UCB Theatre in support of the nonprofit organization 826LA, Tompkins has toured in the US and Canada and prefers to perform in independent venues, rather than conventional comedy clubs. In order to fill the seats for the recording of his special, Tompkins advised Kerr that if he was able to get 300 people to state that they would definitely see his show he would come to Toronto
23.
Kari Wahlgren
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Kari Wahlgren is an American voice actress who has provided English language voices for over a hundred cartoons, anime and video games. In American animation, she has provided voices for a number of series including Super Robot Monkey Team Hyperforce Go. Fish Hooks, Phineas & Ferb, Ben 10, Kung Fu Panda, Legends of Awesomeness, Winx Club, Kaijudo, Rise of the Duel Masters, Rick and Morty, and Fairly OddParents. In video games, she voiced lead characters Ashe in Final Fantasy XII and Shelke in Dirge of Cerberus, Wahlgren was born and raised in Hoisington, Kansas. She was inspired as a child by the Disney Princesses and other voices in animation and her parents were teachers, which encouraged her to support charities and organizations that promote reading and education later in her career. Wahlgren graduated from the University of Kansas with a Bachelor of Arts in Theater in 1999 and she lived in Kansas City, Missouri where she did some radio spots, then moved to Los Angeles in 2000 to work on her acting career. Wahlgrens debut anime role was Haruko Haruhara in a six-episode OVA series called FLCL, in an interview with Anime Tourist, she said that Haruko was the only character she got to audition for. In a later review of the series, Bryce Coulter of Mania. com was impressed by her work, she definitely gives Haruko that twenty-something, sarcastic. Zac Bertschy of Anime News Network said she was pleasant, subtle and perfect for the role and she voiced lead character Lavie Head in the steampunk fantasy series Last Exile. Allen Divers of Anime News Network grouped her with the known names of the California voice-acting scene. She voiced title character Sakura Kinomoto in Bang Zoom, something that was missing in previous English adaptations. In live-action works, she starred as Tinkerbell in an indie Peter Pan film rendition called Neverland and her character was described as a sullen sidekick and drugged-out. In 2004, she voiced a role in the animated feature film Steamboy, among actors Anna Paquin, Patrick Stewart. She played Scarlett, a granddaughter of the corporations chairman, described as spoiled and cruel. Peter Sanderson of IGN called Scarlett one of the most obnoxious characters he has ever encountered and she voiced Chika Minazuki in Ai Yori Aoshi, a little cousin character. Way Jeng of Mania. com described her performance as energetic, yet innocent and simple, in 2005, she voiced the female lead character Fuu Kasumi in Samurai Champloo. Wahlgren has been involved in a number of video games and her first voice-over role in video games was in Buffy the Vampire Slayer, Chaos Bleeds where she played Willow Rosenberg. In the James Bond video game From Russia with Love, released in 2005, in 2006, she landed leading roles of Ashe in Final Fantasy XII and Shelkie in Dirge of Cerberus – Final Fantasy VII
24.
MovieWeb
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MovieWeb is an entertainment website covering film and television. The site partnered with companies in the rental industry on a service to integrate local video rental outlets with online business services. MovieWeb faced controversy when a feature it announced in 2011 was claimed to be a copy of Flickcharts interface and it also produced a well-received video in 2012 that parodied the television series The Walking Dead. Information regarding past, present, and upcoming films are provided on MovieWeb, including plot details, release dates, MovieWebs listing of films is searchable by title or studio, though it has less entries than movie databases. The site hosts videos of movie trailers and links to sites for films. MovieWeb also provides news updates, reviews, and discussion forums, the site was started in 1995 and is based out of Las Vegas. CEO Brandon Calder described the service as utilizing a network of local video retailers, after announcing a new Face-Off feature for its site on April 16,2011, MovieWeb became embroiled in a dispute with Flickchart, who accused MovieWeb of copying it from their site. The site and MovieWebs feature both have users choose between two films and these choices are used to create personal rankings that can be compared to general community rankings. Flickchart co-founder Nathan Chase posted captures of the two features on the sites showing the similarities of Face-Off to Flickcharts interfaces. The site argued in a brief that one of the managing editors at MovieWeb had an account on the site. Flickchart suggested they would take action against MovieWeb if the site did not remove the feature by 5 P. M. Despite the deadline passing, Face-Off remained on Moviewebs site, MovieWeb released a video on the site in January 2012 that used the theme song from the sitcom Growing Pains and scenes from The Walking Dead. The site is a partner of Hulu, allowing MovieWeb to provide its sites users with streaming videos from the service
25.
IMDb
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In 1998 it became a subsidiary of Amazon Inc, who were then able to use it as an advertising resource for selling DVDs and videotapes. As of January 2017, IMDb has approximately 4.1 million titles and 7.7 million personalities in its database, the site enables registered users to submit new material and edits to existing entries. Although all data is checked before going live, the system has open to abuse. The site also featured message boards which stimulate regular debates and dialogue among authenticated users, IMDb shutdown the message boards permanently on February 20,2017. Anyone with a connection can read the movie and talent pages of IMDb. A registration process is however, to contribute info to the site. A registered user chooses a name for themselves, and is given a profile page. These badges range from total contributions made, to independent categories such as photos, trivia, bios, if a registered user or visitor happens to be in the entertainment industry, and has an IMDb page, that user/visitor can add photos to that page by enrolling in IMDbPRO. Actors, crew, and industry executives can post their own resume and this fee enrolls them in a membership called IMDbPro. PRO can be accessed by anyone willing to pay the fee, which is $19.99 USD per month, or if paid annually, $149.99, which comes to approximately $12.50 per month USD. Membership enables a user to access the rank order of each industry personality, as well as agent contact information for any actor, producer, director etc. that has an IMDb page. Enrolling in PRO for industry personnel, enables those members the ability to upload a head shot to open their page, as well as the ability to upload hundreds of photos to accompany their page. Anyone can register as a user, and contribute to the site as well as enjoy its content, however those users enrolled in PRO have greater access and privileges. IMDb originated with a Usenet posting by British film fan and computer programmer Col Needham entitled Those Eyes, others with similar interests soon responded with additions or different lists of their own. Needham subsequently started an Actors List, while Dave Knight began a Directors List, and Andy Krieg took over THE LIST from Hank Driskill, which would later be renamed the Actress List. Both lists had been restricted to people who were alive and working, the goal of the participants now was to make the lists as inclusive as possible. By late 1990, the lists included almost 10,000 movies and television series correlated with actors and actresses appearing therein. On October 17,1990, Needham developed and posted a collection of Unix shell scripts which could be used to search the four lists, at the time, it was known as the rec. arts. movies movie database
26.
Rotten Tomatoes
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Rotten Tomatoes is an American review aggregator website for film and television. The company was launched in August 1998 by Senh Duong and since January 2010 has been owned by Flixster, in February 2016, Rotten Tomatoes and its parent site Flixster were sold to Comcasts Fandango. Warner Bros. retained a minority stake in the merged entities, since 2007, the websites editor-in-chief has been Matt Atchity. The name, Rotten Tomatoes, derives from the practice of audiences throwing rotten tomatoes when disapproving of a stage performance. From early 2008 to September 2010, Current Television aired the weekly The Rotten Tomatoes Show, featuring hosts, a shorter segment was incorporated into the weekly show, InfoMania, which ended in 2011. In September 2013, the website introduced TV Zone, a section for reviewing scripted TV shows, Rotten Tomatoes was launched on August 12,1998, as a spare-time project by Senh Duong. His goal in creating Rotten Tomatoes was to create a site where people can get access to reviews from a variety of critics in the U. S. As a fan of Jackie Chans, Duong was inspired to create the website after collecting all the reviews of Chans movies as they were being published in the United States, the first movie whose reviews were featured on Rotten Tomatoes was Your Friends & Neighbors. The website was an success, receiving mentions by Netscape, Yahoo. and USA Today within the first week of its launch. They officially launched it on April 1,2000, in June 2004, IGN Entertainment acquired rottentomatoes. com for an undisclosed sum. In September 2005, IGN was bought by News Corps Fox Interactive Media, in January 2010, IGN sold the website to Flixster. The combined reach of both companies is 30 million unique visitors a month across all different platforms, according to the companies, in May 2011, Flixster was acquired by Warner Bros. In early 2009, Current Television launched the version of the web review site. It was hosted by Brett Erlich and Ellen Fox and written by Mark Ganek, the show aired every Thursday at 10,30 EST on the Current TV network. The last episode aired on September 16,2010 and it returned as a much shorter segment of InfoMania, a satirical news show that ended in 2011. By late 2009, the website was designed to enable Rotten Tomatoes users to create, one group, The Golden Oyster Awards, accepted votes of members for different awards, as if in parallel to the better-known Oscars or Golden Globes. When Flixster bought the company, they disbanded the groups, announcing, in the meantime, please use the Forums to continue your conversations about your favorite movie topics. As of February 2011, new community features have been added, for example, users can no longer sort films by fresh ratings from rotten ratings, and vice versa
27.
Mother Gothel
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Tangled is a 2010 American 3D computer-animated musical fantasy-comedy film produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures. Loosely based on the German fairy tale Rapunzel in the collection of tales published by the Brothers Grimm. Featuring the voices of Mandy Moore and Zachary Levi, the tells the story of a lost. Against her mothers wishes, she accepts the aid of an intruder to take her out into the world which she has never seen. Before the films release, its title was changed from Rapunzel to Tangled, composer Alan Menken, who had worked on prior Disney animated features, returned to score Tangled. Tangled premiered at the El Capitan Theatre on November 14,2010, the film was well received by critics and audiences alike. The film earned $591 million in box office revenue, $200 million of which was earned in the United States. The film was nominated for a number of awards, including Best Original Song at the 83rd Academy Awards, the film was released on Blu-ray and DVD on March 29,2011, a short film, Tangled Ever After, was released later in 2012. A television series premiered in 2017, long ago, a drop of sunlight became a golden flower capable of healing illness, decay, and injury. Hundreds of years later, the flower is used by Mother Gothel to retain her youth, until soldiers from nearby kingdom, Corona. Shortly afterwards, the Queen gives birth to Princess Rapunzel, while attempting to recover the flower, Gothel discovers that Rapunzels hair contains the flowers healing properties, and that cutting her hair destroys its power. Gothel takes the baby and raises her as her own daughter in an isolated tower, once a year, the King and Queen release sky lanterns on Rapunzels birthday, hoping for their daughters return. On the eve of her 18th birthday, Rapunzel requests to leave the tower and discover the source of the lanterns, meanwhile, thief Flynn Rider steals Rapunzels crown from the kingdom and inadvertently discovers the tower after ditching his allies, the Stabbington brothers. Rapunzel captures Flynn and discovers the crown, but is unaware of its significance, Rapunzel plans to take Flynn to Gothel to prove she can take care of herself, but Gothel becomes angry. Rapunzel then asks for a paint that will take Gothel three days round trip to obtain and return, and Gothel accepts. Rapunzel convinces a reluctant Flynn to escort her to see the lanterns in exchange for the crown, Flynn takes Rapunzel to the Snuggly Duckling, a pub filled with the frightening people Gothel warned Rapunzel about, but who instead are charmed by Rapunzels innocence. Royal soldiers led by one of the armys lead horses, Maximus. Rapunzel and Flynn escape but are trapped in a flooding cave
28.
Tangled: The Video Game
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Tangled, The Video Game is an action-adventure game based on the 2010 film Tangled for the Wii and Nintendo DS, as well as for Microsoft Windows. The game was developed and published by Disney Interactive Studios, and was released in November 2010, mandy Moore and Zachery Levi reprise their roles as Rapunzel and Flynn. The story follows that of the very closely. In a faraway kingdom, a king sought a cure for his wifes life-threatening ailment, after hearing of a magical flower that could cure everything, he ordered a broth made of the flower, and his wife was immediately cured. The trade-off was that their daughter had long, flowing blonde hair that possessed its own healing powers. Hearing of this discovery, an evil witch kidnapped the infant princess, locked her away in a tower, raised her as her own child and warned her of the horrors of the outside world. Years later, a bandit by the name of Flynn Rider came upon the tower, the DS and Wii versions received mixed or average reviews according to video game review aggregator Metacritic. Tangled, The Video Game at MobyGames Tangled official UK website
29.
Kingdom Hearts III
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Kingdom Hearts III is an upcoming action role-playing game developed and published by Square Enix for the PlayStation 4 and Xbox One. It is the installment in the Kingdom Hearts series, sequel to Kingdom Hearts II. Their journey has them cross path with characters, and visit worlds, based on Disney properties, Kingdom Hearts III sees many returning gameplay features from the series, while introducing new Attraction Flow attacks that incorporate Disney Parks attractions. The game also is the first in the series to utilize Unreal Engine 4 and he also revealed that the handheld games combat was a place he could experiment and try new things, and that some of the well received additions may appear in Kingdom Hearts III. Drive Forms also return from Kingdom Hearts II, with new forms including Guard Form, in which the Keyblade is transformed into a shield, and an unnamed form, where the Keyblade changes into a hammer. Sora returns as the playable character, with other characters being considered such as King Mickey, if it fits in the context of the game. Sora faces Heartless and Nobodies in the game, examples include transforming into a rocket launcher, dual bow guns, a large sword, magic blasters and a Pegasus leading a chariot. Sora also has the ability to jump on enemies, such as ones shaped like a vehicle. The enemy AI is a lot more intricate, too, and I think the gameplay will reflect that new dynamic balance. She can even use it for attacks, and that was just so appealing, since the release of Kingdom Hearts II, The Walt Disney Company has acquired Pixar Animation Studios, Marvel Entertainment, and Lucasfilm. When asked if any of these properties would appear in Kingdom Hearts III, Nomura said he contacts Disney after he hears of an acquisition, if the situation is really difficult, they’ll say, it’s really difficult. If it’s impossible, they’ll say it’s impossible and he later stated, that even though the Disney Company has acquired these properties, Disney Interactive Studios may not necessarily have the ability to license the content due to existing deals. Co-director Tai Yasue added that they were looking at all of Disney and he expanded, saying, We have to come up with a world that has a lot of originality. So we don’t want too many of one sort of world, for each world there has to be some meaning for it, in the plot. Also, gameplay-wise, is that something that would make gameplay fun. The game will not feature any worlds based on Final Fantasy, by the start of the game, Sora has completed his Mark of Mastery, which he was attempting to do at the end of Dream Drop Distance. Kingdom Hearts III will serve as the chapter of the Dark Seeker saga. He also added that the plot will examine the seven lights and thirteen darknesses coming together for the final battle, after Square Enix finished development of Kingdom Hearts II Final Mix, Nomura was approached by Disney who expressed interest in a sequel
30.
Mother Knows Best (song)
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Mother Knows Best is a song written by composer Alan Menken and lyricist Glenn Slater for Walt Disney Pictures 50th animated feature film Tangled. Mother Knows Best is eventually reprised in a sinister, vengeful manner by Gothel after Rapunzel, having left the tower. Musically, Mother Knows Best directly contrasts with the more pop-oriented singer-songwriter style of Rapunzels songs, a Tony Award-winning Broadway performer, Murphy recorded Mother Knows Best by envisioning Gothel as a person who revels in the spotlight and enjoys being the center of attention. Murphys vocal performance has also been lauded, with critics voicing their preference towards it over Moores, while comparing it to the likes of actresses Patti LuPone, Mother Knows Best was written by composer Alan Menken and lyricist Glenn Slater. Initially, Menken was concerned that the song would not suit the films soundtrack because its genre greatly differed from the approach he had used to write the rest of its songs. While the majority of Tangleds music was inspired by the work of Canadian musician Joni Mitchell, Menken revealed that he had observed similarities between Gothel and Claude Frollo, another Disney villain for whom he had written songs while working as a composer on The Hunchback of Notre Dame. Menken described Gothel as a piece of work while Frollo is a much more sophisticated villain. Than Mother Gothel, whose relationship with Rapunzel is more manipulative than the Frollo-Quasimodo dynamic, while writing Mother Knows Best, Menken was briefly concerned that there be a rash of children trying to kill their parents after they’ve seen the movie. Menken revealed that Mother Knows Best is a song with which he had become very pleased. Primarily a Broadway actress, Donna Murphy had never voiced a character prior to Tangled. Because the film is a musical, all voice actors were required to audition a song of their choice. Menken said that Murphy, with whom the composer himself had worked on his musical Little Shop of Horrors. The New York Post writer Lou Lumenick felt that, as songwriters, Menken, at one point during the scene, Gothel actually contradicts herself, Teena Elizabeth of BookMyShow observed, Gothel has no intentions of letting her go. Though Mother Gothel sings, soon, but not yet, but ironically later says, Rapunzel, dont ever ask to leave this tower. again. Writing for the Tulsa World, Michael Smith observed that Gothel uses the song as her lie/rationale for keeping the girl safe from those who steal her for their own hair-inspired profit schemes. Amid Amidi of Cartoon Brew felt that the scene is both funny and scary, citing Gothels theatrical gestures and claustrophobia-inducing stark black backgrounds as examples of both, cementing characters ruthlessness, Gothel ultimately orders Rapunzel to promise never to ask permission to leave the tower again. Moviefones William Goss cited the number as an example of fear-mongering. Jennie Punter of The Globe and Mail penned, Mother Knows Best hilariously convey the fear, a writer for Disney. com observed, The creepiness of this song lies in the fact that the very untrustworthy Mother Gothel is positioning herself as a helpful figure to Rapunzel
31.
I See the Light
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I See the Light is a song written by composer Alan Menken and lyricist Glenn Slater for Walt Disney Animation Studios 50th animated feature film Tangled. Lyrically, I See the Light describes the romantic relationship between Rapunzel and Flynn, and is featured as the seventh track on the films soundtrack album. Tangled was originally conceived by Disney animator Glen Keane, subsequently, Walt Disney Animation Studios hired veteran Disney composer Alan Menken and lyricist Glenn Slater to write the films songs. Initially, Menken and Slater had written a more anthemic version of I See the Light before finally re-working it into a gentler, simpler, Menken would later reveal that, out of Tangleds five songs and musical numbers, he is most proud of I See the Light. I See the Light has inspired a mixed to positive reception from film and music critics. In spite of its reviews, I See the Light has garnered numerous awards. Subsequently, I See the Light won both the Las Vegas Film Critics Society Award for Best Song and the Grammy Award for Best Song Written for Visual Media. Since its release, the song has recorded and covered by various musical artists, including musical theatre performers David Harris and Lucy Durack. The concept of a film based on the Brothers Grimm fairy tale Rapunzel originated from Disney animator Glen Keane in 1998. When it came to writing the songs and musical numbers, Menken. In the specific case of I See the Light, Menken elaborated, flows pretty much out of the sense of completion and finally sees the lanterns and has this moment. It’s more of a montage number, Menken and Slater had originally intended for I See the Light to sound more anthem-like. The songwriters eventually changed their minds, deciding to re-write I See the Light into a gentler, Menken spoke of the creative writing process, we began throwing melodies up, doing songs and riffs and harmonies, and we waited for something to stick. Similarly, co-director Byron Howard also took a liking towards the song. Hailing I See the Light as his favorite of the songs, Howard elaborated. There the couple embarks on a ride to watch the ceremony as the night sky illuminated with a sea of lanterns. Flight of the lanterns while essentially triggering Rapunzel and Flynn’s budding romance, according to Marianne Paluso of the Catholic News Agency, Rapunzel, during the scene, finally sees for herself the wondrous floating lanterns she’s yearned to see her entire life. Meanwhile, the audience is shown the way in which love, has blossomed between the films two main characters
32.
Rapunzel
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Rapunzel is a German fairy tale in the collection assembled by the Brothers Grimm, and first published in 1812 as part of Childrens and Household Tales. The Grimm Brothers story is an adaptation of the fairy tale Rapunzel by Friedrich Schulz published in 1790 and its plot has been used and parodied in various media and its best known line is an idiom of popular culture. In volume I of the 1812 annotations, it is listed as coming from Friedrich Schulz Kleine Romane, Book 5, pp. 269–288, in the Aarne–Thompson classification system for folktales it is type 310, The Maiden in The Tower. Andrew Lang included it in The Red Fairy Book, other versions of the tale also appear in A Book of Witches by Ruth Manning-Sanders and in Paul O. Zelinskys 1997 Caldecott Medal-winning picture book, Rapunzel and the Disney movie Tangled. Rapunzels story has striking similarities to the 11th-century Persian tale of Rudāba, Rudāba offers to let down her hair from her tower so that her lover Zāl can climb up to her. Some elements of the tale might also have originally been based upon the tale of Saint Barbara. A lonely couple, who want a child, live next to a garden belonging to an evil witch named Dame Gothel. The wife, experiencing the cravings associated with the arrival of her pregnancy, notices a rapunzel plant, growing in the garden and longs for it. One night, her husband breaks into the garden to get some salad for her and she makes a salad out of it and greedily eats it. It tastes so good that she longs for more, so her husband goes to get some for her a second time. As he scales the wall to home, Dame Gothel catches him. He begs for mercy, and she agrees to be lenient, when the baby girl is born, Dame Gothel takes her to raise as her own and names her Rapunzel after the plant her mother craved. She grows up to be the most beautiful child in the world with golden hair. When she reaches her twelfth year, Dame Gothel shuts her away in a tower in the middle of the woods, with neither stairs nor a door, and only one room and one window. When she visits her, she stands beneath the tower and calls out, Rapunzel, Rapunzel, let down your hair, one day, a prince rides through the forest and hears Rapunzel singing from the tower. Entranced by her voice, he searches for her and discovers the tower. He returns often, listening to her singing, and one day sees Dame Gothel visit. When Dame Gothel leaves, he bids Rapunzel let her hair down, when she does so, he climbs up, makes her acquaintance, and eventually asks her to marry him
33.
Brothers Grimm
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Their first collection of folk tales, Childrens and Household Tales, was published in 1812. The brothers spent their formative years in the German town of Hanau and their fathers death in 1796 caused great poverty for the family and affected the brothers for many years after. They both attended the University of Marburg where they developed a curiosity about German folklore, which grew into a dedication to collecting German folk tales. The rise of romanticism during the 19th century revived interest in folk stories. With the goal of researching a scholarly treatise on folk tales, between 1812 and 1857, their first collection was revised and republished many times, growing from 86 stories to more than 200. The popularity of the Grimms best folk tales has endured well, Jacob Ludwig Carl Grimm was born on 4 January 1785 and his brother Wilhelm Carl Grimm on 24 February 1786. They were the second- and third-eldest surviving siblings in a family of nine children, in 1791, the family moved to the countryside town of Steinau, when Philipp was employed there as district magistrate. The family became prominent members of the community, residing in a home surrounded by fields. Biographer Jack Zipes writes that the brothers were happy in Steinau, the children were educated at home by private tutors, receiving strict instruction as Lutherans that instilled in both a lifelong religious faith. In 1796, Philipp Grimm died of pneumonia, plunging his family into poverty, Dorothea depended on financial support from her father and sister, first lady-in-waiting at the court of William I, Elector of Hesse. Jacob was the eldest living son, and he was forced at age 11 to assume adult responsibilities for the two years. The two boys adhered to the advice of their grandfather, who continually exhorted them to be industrious, the brothers left Steinau and their family in 1798 to attend the Friedrichsgymnasium in Kassel, which had been arranged and paid for by their aunt. By then, they were without a provider, forcing them to rely entirely on each other. The two brothers differed in temperament, Jacob was introspective and Wilhelm was outgoing, sharing a strong work ethic, they excelled in their studies. In Kassel, they became aware of their inferior social status relative to high-born students who received more attention. Still, each brother graduated at the head of his class, Jacob in 1803, after graduation from the Friedrichsgymnasium, the brothers attended the University of Marburg. The university was small with about 200 students and there they became aware that students of lower social status were not treated equally. They were disqualified from admission because of their standing and had to request dispensation to study law
34.
Grimms' Fairy Tales
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Childrens and Household Tales is a collection of German fairy tales first published in 1812 by the Grimm brothers, Jacob and Wilhelm. The collection is known in English as Grimms Fairy Tales. The first volume of the first edition was published in 1812, containing 86 stories, for the second edition, two volumes were issued in 1819 and a third in 1822, totalling 170 tales. The third edition appeared in 1837, fourth edition,1840, fifth edition,1843, sixth edition,1850, stories were added, and also subtracted, from one edition to the next, until the seventh held 211 tales. All editions were illustrated, first by Philipp Grot Johann and, after his death in 1892. Many changes through the editions – such as turning the wicked mother of the first edition in Snow White, in 1825, the Brothers published their Kleine Ausgabe or small edition, a selection of 50 tales designed for child readers. This childrens version went through ten editions between 1825 and 1858, the influence of these books was widespread. W. H. Auden praised the collection during World War II as one of the works of Western culture. The tales themselves have put to many uses. Writers who have written about the Holocaust have combined the tales with their memoirs, there was not always a pleased reaction to their collection. Joseph Jacobs was in inspired by his complaint that English children did not read English fairy tales, in his own words, What Perrault began. Three individual works of Wilhelm Grimm include Altdänische Heldenlieder, Balladen und Märchen in 1811, Über deutsche Runen in 1821, the Grimm anthology has been a source of inspiration for artists and composers. Arthur Rackham, Walter Crane and Rie Cramer are among the artists who have created illustrations based on the stories, the code KHM stands for Kinder- und Hausmärchen. The titles are those as of 1857, some titles in 1812 were different. All editions from 1812 until 1857 split the stories into two volumes, the Original Folk and Fairy Tales of the Brothers Grimm, the complete first edition. The Original 1812 Grimm Fairy Tales, a New Translation of the 1812 First Edition Kinder- und Hausmärchen Collected through the Brothers Grimm. The Original 1812 Grimm A web site for the Original 1812 Kinder und Hausmärchen featuring references, grimmstories. com All Grimms Fairy Tales available freely in English, German, Dutch, Spanish, Danish, Italian and French. Wiltse through a purifying and eliminating process, be found any stories with bad morals
35.
Rudaba
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Rūdāba or Roodabeh is a Persian mythological female figure in Ferdowsis epic Shahnameh. She is the princess of Kabul, daughter of Mehrab Kaboli and Sindukht and they had two children, including Rostam, the main hero of the Shahnameh. The word Roodabeh consists of two sections, Rood and ab, Rood means child and ab means shining, means shining child. In Dari language of Darbar which the shahnameh was written Rud means River and her mouth resembles a pomegranate blossom, her lips are cherries and her silver bosom curves out into breasts like pomegranates. Her eyes are like the narcissus in the garden and her lashes draw their blackness from the ravens wing and her eyebrows are modelled on the bows of Teraz powdered with fine bark and elegantly musk tinted. If you seek a brilliant moon, it is her face, if you long for the perfume of musk, it lingers in her tresses From top to toe she is Paradise gilded, all radiance, harmony and delectation. It was this description and Rudabas physical beauty that initially attracted Zal, Rudaba also consulted her ladies-in-waiting about Zal. Zal came to the walls of Rudabas palace where Rudaba let down her tresses to Zal as a rope, Rudaba seated Zal on the roof and they both talked to each other which was unacceptable according to Persian tradition. Zal, consulted his advisors over Rudaba and they at last advised him to write a full account of the circumstances to his father, Sam. Sam and the Mubeds, knowing that Rudabas father, chief of Kabul, was Babylonian from the family of Zahhak, Zal reminded his father of the oath he had made to fulfill all his wishes. When Zal arrived at the court of Manuchihr, he was received with honour, and having read the letter of Sam, the marriage took place in Kabul, where Zal and Rudaba first met each other. In Persian mythology, Rudabehs labor of Rostam was prolonged due to the size of her baby. Zal was certain that his wife would die in labor, Rudabeh was near death when at last Zal recollected the feather of the Simurgh, and followed the instructions which he had received, by placing it on the sacred fire. The Simurgh appeared and instructed him upon how to perform a caesarean section, thus saving Rudabeh and the child, who later on became one of the greatest Persian heroes
36.
Barbie as Rapunzel
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Barbie as Rapunzel is a 2002 direct-to-video Barbie film directed by Owen Hurley. It is the 2nd in the Barbie film series of computer animated Barbie films, the story is adapted from the Brothers Grimm fairy tale Rapunzel. This was the first Barbie direct-to-video release to be distributed by Right Entertainment in the UK, Barbie tells a story to her little sister Kelly, who doesnt have confidence in her painting abilities. Rapunzel lives as a servant to the evil witch Gothel, who resides in an isolated in the woods. She grows up believing that Gothel saved her from abandonment as an infant, Rapunzel finds companionship in Penelope, an outgoing dragon, and Hobie, a worrisome and anxious rabbit. Rapunzel spends what free time she has painting beautiful pictures of places she dreams of going when she is one day. However, Gothel disapproves of Rapunzels hobbies and accuses her of not appreciating everything that Gothel has done for her, while preparing tea for Gothel, Penelope accidentally finds a secret staircase which leads to an old room below the manor. In it they discover a gift from her parents who allegedly deserted her, to our daughter, Rapunzel on her first birthday. With Love Forever, Mother and Father and these words leave the young artist questioning her past for the first time. Her diversion is quickly interrupted by Gothels calls for tea, after serving Gothel her meal, Rapunzel and her friends revisit the cellar where Penelope exposes yet another secret, a tunnel leading to the nearby village. Rapunzel takes this path to the kingdom and is able to rescue a young princess named Katrina from a pitfall. Soon after, Rapunzel is introduced to Katrinas older brother, Prince Stefan and he explains to her that the trap Katrina managed to escape was put there by King Wilhelm, the ruler of an opposing kingdom. Enchanted by the maiden, Stefan asks to meet her again, to which she agrees. Rapunzel quickly rushes back to the woods to avoid being discovered by Gothel, unknown to Rapunzel, Gothels pet ferret, Otto, has witnessed the entire exchange. A furious Gothel demands Rapunzel to tell her the princes name, Rapunzel insists that she does not know it, but Gothel does not believe her, thinking Rapunzel has been lying. Rapunzel tells her that she keep her locked away forever to which Gothel responds. Gothel destroys Rapunzels paints and paintings before transforming the bedroom into a secure, seemingly unescapable tower and stations Hugo, Penelopes father. Gothel refuses to let Rapunzel go until she tells her the name of the boy she met and that night, Rapunzel has a dream that Prince Stefan found her tower
37.
The Mind Robber
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The story is distinguished as a rare trip into nearly pure fantasy and by the establishment of the Void, a realm outside space and time. In defeating the Dominators on Dulkis, the Second Doctor sets off a volcanic eruption and he leaves the TARDIS, along with his companions, Jamie and Zoe, in the way, though, and it gets buried in lava, blowing a fluid link in the process. This forces the Doctor to use the unit to take the TARDIS away from danger. They land in a void and as the Doctor fixes the TARDIS, Jamie. The Doctor gets them back inside but, as try to return to reality, the TARDIS explodes. They end up in a forest where the trees become letters when seen from above, the Doctor, after facing a series of riddles, finds Jamie, but accidentally changes his face. They are soon reunited with Zoe and then encounter Lemuel Gulliver and they are taken to the edge of the forest, where a unicorn charges at them. They manage to turn it into a statue by loudly declaring that ‘it doesn’t exist. ’ They continue on and reach a house and they discover that the house is the entrance to a labyrinth. Here, while leaving Jamie behind, the Doctor and Zoe encounter the Minotaur and Medusa, Jamie, pursued by a soldier, climbs up a rock face with the help of Rapunzel’s hair and enters a citadel through a window, triggering an alarm. He hides and finds Gulliver, who see the White Robots who are chasing Jamie. The Doctor and Zoe exit the labyrinth and encounter the Karkus, the Doctor accidentally manages to dispel the Karkus anti-molecular ray disintegrator by commenting that no such weapon exists, and the Karkus attacks them. Unfortunately the Doctor cant get rid of the Karkus, because he has never heard of the character before, Zoe, however, beats the Karkus into submission with her martial arts skills, and he allies himself with them. He takes them to the citadel, where they find Jamie, Zoe accidentally sets off the alarm again, but the trio do not hide and instead let the robots take them to the main control room. Here, they meet the Master, a kidnapped Earth writer who underwent the same tests as them when he first arrived and he explains that he is getting old and needs the Doctor to replace him as creative source for the Land of Fiction. While he is talking, Jamie and Zoe sneak into an area where they encounter the White Robots again and become trapped in a giant book. The Doctor refuses the Master’s offer and climbs out through a skylight, the Master uses Jamie and Zoe to trap the Doctor and links him up to the Master Brain. The two battle, summoning up various characters to fight against one another. The Doctor prevails, releasing Jamie and Zoe who overload the Master Brain, the Doctor unplugs the Master from the Brain and they all retreat to a side room
