A tarpaulin, or tarp, is a large sheet of strong, water-resistant or waterproof material cloth such as canvas or polyester coated with polyurethane, or made of plastics such as polyethylene. In some places such as Australia, in military slang, a tarp may be known as a hootch. Tarpaulins have reinforced grommets at the corners and along the sides to form attachment points for rope, allowing them to be tied down or suspended. Inexpensive modern tarpaulins are made from woven polyethylene. Tarpaulins are used in many ways to protect persons and things from wind and sunlight, they are used during construction or after disasters to protect built or damaged structures, to prevent mess during painting and similar activities, to contain and collect debris. They are used to protect the loads of open trucks and wagons, to keep wood piles dry, for shelters such as tents or other temporary structures. Tarpaulins are used for advertisement printing, most notably for billboards. Perforated tarpaulins are used for medium to large advertising, or for protection on scaffoldings.

Polyethylene tarpaulins have proven to be a popular source when an inexpensive, water-resistant fabric is needed. Many amateur builders of plywood sailboats turn to polyethylene tarpaulins for making their sails, as it is inexpensive and worked. With the proper type of adhesive tape, it is possible to make a serviceable sail for a small boat with no sewing. Plastic tarps are sometimes used as a building material in communities of indigenous North Americans. Tipis made with tarps are known as tarpees. Tarpaulins can be classified based on a diversity of factors, such as material type, measured in mils or generalized into categories, grommet strength, among others. Actual tarp sizes are about three to five percent smaller in each dimension than nominal size. Grommet-to-grommet distances are between 18 in and 5 ft ); the weave count runs between and the greater the count, the greater its strength. Tarps may be washable or non-washable and waterproof or non-waterproof, mildewproof vs. non-mildewproof.

Tarp flexibility is significant under cold conditions. A polyethylene tarpaulin is not a traditional fabric, but rather, a laminate of woven and sheet material; the center is loosely woven from strips of polyethylene plastic, with sheets of the same material bonded to the surface. This creates a fabric-like material that resists stretching well in all directions and is waterproof. Sheets can be either of high density polyethylene; when treated against ultraviolet light, these tarpaulins can last for years exposed to the elements, but non-UV treated material will become brittle and lose strength and water resistance if exposed to sunlight. Canvas tarpaulins are not 100 % waterproof. Thus, while a little bit of water for a short period of time will not affect them, when there is standing water on canvas tarps, or when water cannot drain away from canvas tarps, the standing water will drip through this type of tarp. Polyvinyl chloride tarpaulins are industrial-grade and intended for heavy-duty use.

They are constructed of 10 oz/sq yd coated yellow vinyl. This makes it have high abrasion resistance and tear strength; these resist oil, acid and mildew. The vinyl tarp is ideal for agriculture, industrial, flood barrier and temporary roof repair. Tarp tents may be made of silnylon. For years manufacturers have used a color code to indicate the grade of tarpaulins, but not all manufacturers follow this traditional method of grading. Following this color-coded system, blue indicates a lightweight tarp, has a weave count of 8×8 and a thickness of 0.005–0.006 in. Silver is a heavy-duty tarp and has a weave count of 14×14 and a thickness of 0.011–0.012 in. Some of the more common colors in that scheme are: The word tarpaulin originated as a compound of the words tar and palling, referring to a tarred canvas pall used to cover objects on ships. Sailors tarred their own overclothes in the same manner as the sheets or palls. By association, sailors became known as "jack tars". In the mid-19th century, paulin was used for such a cloth.

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Elektrik Su Havagazı Otobüs Troleybüs or ESHOT is a bus service operating in the İzmir. ESHOT, along with İZULAŞ are the two main bus transit service in İzmir. Buses serve all districts, denser network presence attained in the central area. ESHOT is owned by the İzmir Municipality. Before ESHOT was formed, all of İzmir's public services were operated by several companies. ESHOT Genel Müdürlüğü was formed on July 1943 to take over the İzmir Tram and Electric Company; this company operated all trams and electric facilities in the city. In 1945, ESHOT took over the İzmir Coal Gas Company and on June 5, 1947 ESHOT took over the İzmir Suları A.Ş. to have control over all the cities main facilities. ESHOT started printing their own paper on June 1957 for new information on all public utilities. By 1959, ESHOT began producing refurbished buses under the direction of Ismail Faruk Paksoy, director of Eshot. In the 1960s the Kordon trolley line was abandoned. ESHOT started operating province wide starting December 11, 1980.

On September 12, 1982 the Turkish Electric Company took over all electric operations from ESHOT. The İzmir Municipality became the parent company of ESHOT on June 27, 1984. İZSU Company was formed on March 25, 1987 to operate all water facilities in İzmir and on July 1, 1987 ESHOT turned over all water operations to İZSU. On September 1, 1994, the Coal gas factory in Alsancak closed down leaving ESHOT only in-charge of city bus operations. ESHOT has many interchanges with the national railway carrier, the Turkish State Railways, the city metro system, the İzmir Metro, the city ferry system, the 2 city airports. ESHOT has many routes. Most popular routes are: 8 Güzelbahçe-Fahrettin Altay Roundabout via Mithatpaşa Avenue 12 Fahrettin Altay Roundabout-Halkapınar via Mustafa Kemal Seaside Road, Alsancak 18 Vatan-Yeşilyurt-Konak via Üçyol 23 Uzundere-Konak via Eski İzmir Street, Eşrefpaşa 60 Pınarbaşı-Kemer via former Kemalpaşa road 70 Şirinyer-Halkapınar via Eşrefpaşa, Çankaya, Alsancak 80 Arapdere-Halkapınar via Bozyaka, Eşrefpaşa, Çankaya, Alsancak 90 Gaziemir-Halkapınar via Yeşillik Road, Eşrefpaşa, Çankaya, Alsancak 104 Tınaztepe-Konak via Adatepe, Menderes Avenue, Eşrefpaşa 118 ESHOT-Halkapınar via Yeşillik Avenue, Yeşildere 121 Bostanlı Pier-Konak Atatürk Arts Center via Seaside road 147 Postacılar-Halkapınar via Yeni Girne Boulevard, Bayraklı by the railway 152 Gaziemir-Konak via Yeşillik Avenue, Üçyol 193 Yurtoğlu-Konak via Cennetçeşme, Rasime Şeyhoğlu Street, Eski İzmir, Eşrefpaşa 240 Elit Sitesi-Halkapınar via Yeni Girne, Altınyol 249 Evka 4-Kemer Station via Osmangazi, Adalet Neighbourhood, Fatih Avenue 304 Tınaztepe-Konak Atatürk Arts Center via Hasanağa, Menderes Avenue, Konak Tunnel 390 Tınaztepe-Bornova via Dokuz Eylül University, Otoyol 30 443 Egekent-Bostanlı Pier via Çiğli, Cahar Dudayev Road 510 Gaziemir-Balçova via Otoyol 30 565 Evka 4-Bornova via İnönü Neighbourhood 599 Cengizhan-Halkapınar via Muhittin Erener, Bayraklı 681 Fahrettin Altay terminus-Basmane via Hatay, Çankaya 690 Tınaztepe-Fahrettin Altay terminus via Dokuz Eylül University, Otoyol 30, Mehmetçik Road 800 Menemen Railway Station-İzmir Bus Station via D550, D300 collectors, Otoyol 5, Otoyol 30 802 Balatçık-Konak Atatürk Arts Center via Çiğli, Altınyol, Alsancak 969 Balçova-Fahrettin Altay via Teleferik, İkiztepe ESHOT has a color coding to distinguish which depot a bus come from.

ESHOT stickers bearing colored ESHOT emblem and the acronym "ESHOT" are glued on the upper-right part of the windscreen and upper-middle part of rear-view glass on every ESHOT line bus. Trolleybuses in Izmir

Józef Beck was a Polish statesman who served the Second Republic of Poland as a diplomat and military officer, was a close associate of Józef Piłsudski. Beck is most famous for being Polish foreign minister in the 1930s, when he set Polish foreign policy, he tried to fulfill Piłsudski's dream of making Poland the leader of a regional coalition, but he was disliked and distrusted by other governments. He was involved in territorial disputes with Czechoslovakia. With his nation caught between two large, hostile powers—Germany and the Soviet Union—Beck sometimes pursued accommodation with them and sometimes defied them, trying to take advantage of their mutual antagonism; as this proved unsuccessful, he formed an alliance with Great Britain and France, but despite mutual agreements, they would not provide effective assistance to Poland. In 1939, when Germany and the Soviet Union both invaded Poland and the rest of his government evacuated to Romania. Beck was born into a Calvinist family whose forbears emigrated from Flanders to Poland in the 16th century, during the rule of Polish King Stephen Báthory.

When World War I started, Beck was a student at a college of Engineering. After the outbreak of World War I, Beck was a member of the clandestine Polish Military Organization founded in October 1914 by Piłsudski. Joining in 1914 Beck served until 1917 in the First Brigade of the Polish Legions and was an aide to Piłsudski; when the Brigade was interned, Beck escaped. After Poland regained independence, Beck was assigned as a commander of an artillery battery and assigned to the General Staff. Beck served as military attaché to France between 1922 and 1923; the French disliked Beck to the point of spreading lies about him. In 1926 he helped to carry out the May 1926 military coup d'état that brought Piłsudski to de facto governmental power. In 1926–1930 Beck served as chief of staff to Poland's Minister of Military Affairs, in 1930–1932 as Vice Prime Minister and Vice Minister of Foreign Affairs. Groomed by Piłsudski to implement Poland's foreign policy, in 1932 he took office as Minister of Foreign Affairs, a post he was to hold until the outbreak of World War II.

Beck had a weak hand. Historian David G. Williamson argues that Poland with 35 million people had a large population but a thin industrial base. Furthermore its army of 283,000 men was ill-equipped, short of artillery, poorly trained, it relied on cavalry because it lacked enough mechanization. It faced long borders with two powerful dictatorships, Hitler's Germany and Stalin's USSR. Historian Richard Overy says that of all the new states in Europe: Poland was certainly the most disliked and her Foreign Minister the most distrusted. Poland's pursuit of an independent line left her bereft of any close friends by the end of 1938.... The Western powers saw Poland as a greedy revisionist power, anti-Semitic, pro-German. In his international diplomacy, Beck sought to maintain a fine balance in Poland's relations with its two powerful neighbours. In July 1932 he concluded a non-aggression pact with the Soviet Union, in January 1934 a German–Polish Non-Aggression Pact. Beck complained that, while Poland and Czechoslovakia were bound by treaty to respect the rights of their respective German minorities, the Polish minorities in Germany and the Soviet Union were not so protected.

In addition, Beck resented that countries, such as Germany, used the Minorities Treaty to exert pressure and to become involved in the internal affairs of Poland. In September 1934, Beck renounced the Minorities Treaty after the Soviet Union was admitted to the League of Nations. After Piłsudski's death in May 1935, a power-sharing agreement was entered into by the various Piłsudskiite factions, led by General Edward Rydz-Śmigły, President Ignacy Mościcki, Beck himself; these three individuals dominated the Sanacja and collectively ruled Poland until the outbreak of World War II. Beck had less a free hand in formulating Poland's foreign policy; the stability of the ruling group was weakened, owing to personal conflicts within it, none of the three men managed to assert his dominance in the late 1930s. The oligarchy from 1935 to 1939 is described by historians as a "dictatorship without a dictator". Beck did not think it could help Poland. France distrusted Beck. So Beck looked in new directions.

He explored the possibility of realizing Piłsudski's concept of Międzymorze: a federation of central and eastern European countries stretching from the Baltic to the Black Seas and — indeed in variants — from the Arctic Ocean to the Mediterranean. Such a coalition existing between Germany in the west and the Soviet Union in the east, might have been strong enough to deter both from military intervention. Beck realized. Therefore, he was prepared to settle in 1937–38 for a diplomatic bloc referred to as a "Third Europe," led by Poland, that might become the nucleus of a Międzymorze federation. Beck's "Third Europe" diplomatic concept comprised a bloc of Poland, Yugoslavia and Romania, his efforts failed for several reasons: Both Italy and Hungary preferred to align themselves with Germany rather than Poland. The desire of both Italy and Hungary to partition Yugoslavia between the two blocked any effort to

Sergei Babayan is an Armenian-American pianist. Described by Le Devoir as a "genius", Babayan is the winner of numerous international competitions, including the Robert Casadesus International Piano Competition in 1989 and the Hamamatsu International Piano Competition in 1991, he continues to appear as soloist with leading orchestras, including the Cleveland Orchestra, London Symphony Orchestra, Warsaw Philharmonic, Mariinsky Theatre Orchestra, the BBC Scottish Symphony Orchestra under such conductors as Valery Gergiev, Yuri Temirkanov, Tugan Sokhiev, Neeme Järvi, Hans Graf, David Robertson. Babayan was born in Gyumri, Soviet Armenia, began his musical studies at age six with Luisa Markaryan, he studied under Lev Naumov and at the Moscow Conservatory under Vera Gornostayeva and Mikhail Pletnev. In 1989, he traveled to the United States; that same year he won first prize in the Robert Casadesus International Piano Competition. After he won first prize in the Palm Beach International Piano Competition and first prize in the Hamamatsu International Piano Competition, he became a Laureate of the Queen Elisabeth Music Competition in 1991.

Babayan won first prize in the Scottish International Piano Competition and third prize at the Busoni International Piano Competition. He was a prize winner at the Esther Honens International Piano Competition, his programming includes Romantic composers such as Rachmaninoff, modern works by composers such as Witold Lutosławski, György Ligeti, Carl Vine and Arvo Pärt. He is recognized for his prominent interpretations of Johann Sebastian Bach, he appears as a soloist with such orchestras as The National Orchestra of Belgium, The Cleveland Orchestra, The Italian Symphony Orchestra of Brescia & Bergamo, the Czech State Philharmonic. Babayan has collaborated with such conductors as Valery Gergiev, Yuri Temirkanov, Neeme Järvi, Hans Graf, David Robertson, Kazimierz Kord and Michael Christie, he has recorded with Deutsche Grammophon, the Connoisseur Society label, Discover Records and Pro Piano Records. In 1996, Babayan founded the Sergei Babayan International Piano Academy at the Cleveland Institute of Music, where he is an Artist-in-Residence.

His students have included the pianists Grace Fong, now Director of Keyboard Studies at Chapman University Conservatory of Music. In 2015, Babayan performed two Prokofiev concertos at BBC Proms with Valery Gergiev and London Symphony Orchestra. In July 2018, Babayan signed an exclusive recording contract with Deutsche Grammophon, his first project for the label will pair piano sonatas of Mozart with pieces from different periods. Official website

Lovely Lane United Methodist Church known as First Methodist Episcopal Church, earlier founded as Lovely Lane Chapel is a historic United Methodist church located at Baltimore, United States. The building on St. Paul Street and 22nd Streets in the Charles Village neighborhood in the northern area of the City, was designed by renowned New York City architect Stanford White, in the Romanesque Revival style, completed in 1884, as the "Centennial Monument of American Methodism", it is patterned after the early basilicas in Ravenna, Italy. The exterior is constructed of a gray ashlar granite with limited ornamentation, it features a square bell tower patterned after the campanile of the 12th century church of Santa Maria, Abbey of Pomposa, near Ravenna. The pulpit is a reproduction of the one at St. Apollinaris, in Ravenna. Locally influential architect Charles L. Carson was supervising architect for the McKim, Mead & White firm from New York City during construction of the church. Lovely Lane Methodist Church was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.

The congregation is known as the "Mother Church of American Methodism." The original Lovely Lane Chapel or Meeting House was the scene of the December 1784 "Christmas Conference", at which the Methodist Episcopal Church in the United States was founded and Francis Asbury and Thomas Coke were ordained as its first bishops. The plain original chapel on Lovely Lane, off German Street, between South Calvert Street and South Street in the city's waterfront district, was abandoned in 1786 and demolished, it was replaced by an elaborate beaux-arts structure of the Merchants Club, now the building contains a teaching restaurant run by the Baltimore International Culinary College, now affiliated with Stratford University. Lovely Lane Methodist Church, Baltimore City, including photo from 2004, at Maryland Historical Trust Lovely Lane United Methodist Church website Lovely Lane United Methodist Church – Explore Baltimore Heritage

Jón Sigurðsson is an Icelandic former basketball player and the former captain of the Icelandic national basketball team. He was named the Icelandic Basketball Player of the Year in 1976 and 1978 and won the Icelandic championship in 1976, 1978 and 1979. In 2001, Jón was named as one of the twelve best Icelandic men's basketball players of the 20th century. Jón started his playing career with Ármann at the age of 16. In 1971, Jón led the Icelandic league in scoring, surpassing Einar Bollason and Þórir Magnússon by scoring 46 points in the last game of the season, despite having a fever. In 1975, Jón led the league again in scoring with 306 total points, passing Kolbeinn Pálsson in the last game of the season, he helped the club win the 1975 Icelandic Basketball Cup and competed in the 1975–76 FIBA European Cup Winners' Cup the next season. In 1976 he helped Ármann break ÍR and KR twenty year monopoly in the national championship by beating KR 84-74 in the championship clinching game. From 1968 to 1984, Jón played 120 games for the Icelandic national team.

He was the first Icelandic player to play over 100 games for the national team. Jón coached KR men's team from 1982 to 1986, leading them to the 1985 Icelandic Basketball Cup finals where they lost to Haukar, 73-71. In December 17, 1997, Jón was again hired as the head coach of KR, replacing Hrannar Hólm, fired after going 4-6 in the first 10 games. Under Jón, KR finished the regular season with ten victories in twelve games and advanced to the Úrvalsdeild finals where it lost to Njarðvík 0-3. After the season, he was named the Úrvalsdeild karla Coach of the Year. In 2001 Jón was voted to the Icelandic team of the 20th century in basketball as a player. Jón's daughter is the 2001 Icelandic Women's Basketball Player of the Year and former KR player Kristín Björk Jónsdóttir. Úrvalsdeild Domestic Player of the Year: 1970, 1976, 1979 Úrvalsdeild karla Coach of the Year: 1998 Úrvalsdeild karla: 1976, 1978, 1979 Icelandic Basketball Cup: 1975, 1976, 1979, 1984 Icelandic Team of the 20th century Úrvalsdeild scoring champion: 1971, 1975 Jón Sigurðsson Úrvalsdeild stats at kki.is