1.
California State Senate
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The California State Senate is the upper house of the California State Legislature. The legislative body consists of 40 members, with each member representing approximately 931,000 people, due to the states large population and relatively small legislature, the State Senate has the largest population per representative ratio of any state legislative house. Each member roughly represents a population equivalent to the state of Delaware, the State Senate convenes at the California State Capitol in Sacramento. In the current session, Democrats control 27 seats, comprising a two-thirds supermajority of the chamber, prior to 1968, state senate districts were drawn so that each county had at most one state senator. This led to the situation of a populous county such as Los Angeles County being accorded the same number of senators as less populous counties such as Humboldt County. In Reynolds v. Sims, the United States Supreme Court compelled all states to draw up districts with equal population, as such, boundaries were changed to provide more equitable representation. The Lieutenant Governor is the ex officio President of the Senate, the President pro tempore is elected by the majority party caucus, followed by confirmation of the full senate. Other leaders, such as the majority and minority leaders, are elected by their party caucuses according to each partys strength in the chamber. The current president pro tem is Democrat Kevin de León, the minority leader is Republican Jean Fuller. The red tones of the California State Senate Chamber are based on the British House of Lords, the dais rests along a wall shaped like an E, with its central projection housing the rostrum. Along the cornice appears a portrait of George Washington and the Latin quotation, almost every decorating element is identical to the Assembly Chamber. The Secretary, the Sergeant-at-Arms, and the Chaplain are not members of the Legislature
2.
California's 1st State Senate district
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Californias 1st State Senate district is one of 40 California State Senate districts. It is currently represented by Republican Ted Gaines of El Dorado Hills, the district stretches along the eastern edge of the state from the Oregon border to the Lake Tahoe area. It wraps around the Sacramento Valley along the northern Sierra Nevada to the eastern Sacramento suburbs, most of the population is concentrated in the suburban southern parts, while the rest of the district is primarily rural. Due to redistricting, the 1st district has been moved around different parts of the state, the current iteration resulted from the 2011 redistricting by the California Citizens Redistricting Commission. California State Senate California State Senate districts Districts in California District map from the California Citizens Redistricting Commission
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California State Assembly
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The California State Assembly is the lower house of the California State Legislature. It consists of 80 members, with each member representing at least 465,000 people, members of the assembly are generally referred to using the titles assemblyman, assemblywoman, or assemblymember. The State Assembly convenes at the California State Capitol in Sacramento, in the current session, the Democrats control 55 seats, forming a supermajority of the chamber. The Speaker presides over the State Assembly in the leadership position, controlling the flow of legislation. The Speaker is elected by the majority party caucus, followed by confirmation of the full assembly, other leaders, such as the majority and minority leaders, are elected by their respective party caucuses according to each partys strength in the chamber. The current Speaker is Democrat Anthony Rendon, the majority leader is Democrat Ian Calderon, while the minority leader is Republican Chad Mayes. The chambers green tones are based on the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, the dais rests along a wall shaped like an E, with its central projection housing the rostrum. Along the cornice appears a portrait of Abraham Lincoln and a Latin quotation, almost every decorating element is identical to the Senate Chamber. According to Article 4, Section 2 of the California Constitution, the Chief Clerk, the Sergeant-at-Arms, and the Chaplain are not members of the Legislature. The Sergeant-at-Arms protects the members of the California State Assembly and this position has existed since December 15,1849, when Samuel N. Houston became the Assemblys first Sergeant-at-Arms. The Chief Clerk, the acting Chief Sergeant-at-Arms, and the Chaplains are not members of the Legislature
4.
California's 4th State Assembly district
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Californias 4th State Assembly district is one of 80 California State Assembly districts. It is currently represented by Democrat Cecilia Aguiar-Curry of Winters, the district consists of the southern Sacramento Valley, Wine Country, and parts of the North Bay. The Coast Ranges run down the half of the district. Due to redistricting, the 4th district has been moved around different parts of the state, the current iteration resulted from the 2011 redistricting by the California Citizens Redistricting Commission. California State Assembly California State Assembly districts Districts in California District map from the California Citizens Redistricting Commission
5.
Beth Gaines
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Beth Burkhard Gaines is an American politician who served in the California State Assembly. She is a Republican who represented the 6th district and she won a special election to the assembly in 2011 to succeed her husband, Ted Gaines, who had won a special election to the state senate. Prior to being elected to the assembly, she was a businesswoman
6.
Roseville, California
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Roseville is the largest city in Placer County, California, United States, in the Sacramento metropolitan area. As of January 1,2015, the state Department of Finance estimated the population to be 128,382. Interstate 80 runs through Roseville and State Route 65 runs through part of the edge of the city. The settlement was originally a coach station called Griders. Junction eventually became known as Roseville, in 1909, three years after the Southern Pacific Railroad moved its facilities from Rocklin to Roseville, the town became an incorporated city. What followed was a period of expansion, with the community building more than 100 structures, the city was a railroad town for decades, with the railroad employing up to 1,225 people by 1929, out of a population of only 6,425 people. With the onset of World War II, the yards became busier than ever. However, the nature of the city changed dramatically in the 1950s, during the 1950s the railroad continued to expand and upgrade, converting its steam engine fleet to all diesel engines by the end of the decade. However, the railroads began falling in the shadow of air travel, thus, although the railroad remained a major employer, the expansion of the city began branching out into other employment sectors. Another important change during this period was the Washington Boulevard railroad underpass construction in 1950, the completion of Interstate 80 in 1956 shifted the population from downtown to what would become known as East Roseville. The old downtown area slid into a gradual decline, the city saw steady population growth throughout the ensuing decades, as shopping centers, major retailers, and homes were constructed throughout the city. The growth rate was modest until 1985, between 1929 when the population was 6,425 people and 1985, the population grew by only 22,563 people. In 1985 the population stood at 28,988 people, five years later it was 44,685 people, and by the year 2000 it was 74,234 people. Some of this growth was fueled by the location of major employers, such as Hewlett Packard, the population as of 2014 was 126,956 people. Roseville is no longer a town, but the Union Pacific Railroad is still the sixth largest employer. Current visitors can now visit the revitalized historic Vernon Street and old Downtown areas which had been in decline for decades, Roseville is located at 38°45′09″N 121°17′22″W. According to the Roseville Civic Center, the city has an area of 42.26 square miles. Several streams flow through Roseville, including Dry Creek, Linda Creek, Secret Ravine, Roseville has a hot-summer Mediterranean climate that is characterized by cool, wet winters and hot, dry summers
7.
California
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California is the most populous state in the United States and the third most extensive by area. Located on the western coast of the U. S, California is bordered by the other U. S. states of Oregon, Nevada, and Arizona and shares an international border with the Mexican state of Baja California. Los Angeles is Californias most populous city, and the second largest after New York City. The Los Angeles Area and the San Francisco Bay Area are the nations second- and fifth-most populous urban regions, California also has the nations most populous county, Los Angeles County, and its largest county by area, San Bernardino County. The Central Valley, an agricultural area, dominates the states center. What is now California was first settled by various Native American tribes before being explored by a number of European expeditions during the 16th and 17th centuries, the Spanish Empire then claimed it as part of Alta California in their New Spain colony. The area became a part of Mexico in 1821 following its war for independence. The western portion of Alta California then was organized as the State of California, the California Gold Rush starting in 1848 led to dramatic social and demographic changes, with large-scale emigration from the east and abroad with an accompanying economic boom. If it were a country, California would be the 6th largest economy in the world, fifty-eight percent of the states economy is centered on finance, government, real estate services, technology, and professional, scientific and technical business services. Although it accounts for only 1.5 percent of the states economy, the story of Calafia is recorded in a 1510 work The Adventures of Esplandián, written as a sequel to Amadis de Gaula by Spanish adventure writer Garci Rodríguez de Montalvo. The kingdom of Queen Calafia, according to Montalvo, was said to be a land inhabited by griffins and other strange beasts. This conventional wisdom that California was an island, with maps drawn to reflect this belief, shortened forms of the states name include CA, Cal. Calif. and US-CA. Settled by successive waves of arrivals during the last 10,000 years, various estimates of the native population range from 100,000 to 300,000. The Indigenous peoples of California included more than 70 distinct groups of Native Americans, ranging from large, settled populations living on the coast to groups in the interior. California groups also were diverse in their organization with bands, tribes, villages. Trade, intermarriage and military alliances fostered many social and economic relationships among the diverse groups, the first European effort to explore the coast as far north as the Russian River was a Spanish sailing expedition, led by Portuguese captain Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo, in 1542. Some 37 years later English explorer Francis Drake also explored and claimed a portion of the California coast in 1579. Spanish traders made unintended visits with the Manila galleons on their trips from the Philippines beginning in 1565
8.
United States
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Forty-eight of the fifty states and the federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east, the state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U. S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean, the geography, climate and wildlife of the country are extremely diverse. At 3.8 million square miles and with over 324 million people, the United States is the worlds third- or fourth-largest country by area, third-largest by land area. It is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century, the United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the following the Seven Years War led to the American Revolution. On July 4,1776, during the course of the American Revolutionary War, the war ended in 1783 with recognition of the independence of the United States by Great Britain, representing the first successful war of independence against a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788, after the Articles of Confederation, the first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties. During the second half of the 19th century, the American Civil War led to the end of slavery in the country. By the end of century, the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean. The Spanish–American War and World War I confirmed the status as a global military power. The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the sole superpower. The U. S. is a member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States. The United States is a developed country, with the worlds largest economy by nominal GDP. It ranks highly in several measures of performance, including average wage, human development, per capita GDP. While the U. S. economy is considered post-industrial, characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy, the United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally, and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations. In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America after the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci
9.
California Republican Party
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The California Republican Party is the California affiliate of the United States Republican Party. The party chairman is Jim Brulte, and is based in Burbank, California, the CRP also has a headquarters in Sacramento. The partys stated goals are to enhance economic prosperity within the state, cut taxes, the CRP is active throughout the entire state of California, and the party prides itself on providing common sense solutions to the most troubling issues. As of 2016 Republicans represent approximately 28% of the registered voters. Crime and justice—The California Republican Party supports the governments protecting the welfare of the people and creating fair, the party advocates victims rights under the position that the victim is just as important as the offender in a crime. They believe overcrowding is an issue that should be solved by the creation of both private and public prisons. The party also supports the use of punishment for heinous crimes. The party call for a cut on unnecessary spending in order to create government infrastructure that will boost the economy, the party also supports Right-to-work laws and opposes closed shop establishments. Education— The California Republican Party believes that all children have the right to a first-class education, the party supports parents and local school boards being the primary regulators of the education system. The party also supports incentives for quality educators and that school admission, the party also believes that unions have too much influence in Californias schools and that has caused the degradation of the curriculum and the marginalization of involvement by parents. Environment—The California Republican Party believes in long-term responsible stewardship of Californias natural resources, the party supports California industry being a world leader in developing and manufacturing safe, renewable and sustainable energy. The party also believes that city governments should be held to the standards of cleaning waste water as are applied to private industry. Equal Opportunity—We oppose quotas, special rights, set asides, or guaranteed equality of results and we support laws prohibiting discrimination in employment and housing based on race, ethnicity, nationality, sex, sexual orientation, disability, or religion. Family values—We support the two-parent family as the best environment for raising children, the Supreme Courts ruling cannot and must not be used to coerce a church or religious institution into performing marriages that their faith does not recognize. We believe public policy and education should not be exploited to advocate or teach any social or political agenda, healthcare—The California Republican Party opposes government mandated health care plans and single payer plans. The party also opposes any government healthcare plan for California that would involve taxes on doctors or hospitals, coverage for illegal aliens, the party also supports private sector solutions such as small business insurance pools, employment pricing reductions, guaranteed insurability and medical savings accounts. Immigration—The California Republican Party contends that the state of California is rich in the history of immigration, English should be mandatory in the workplace and businesses should be able to require employees to speak the English and all immigrants should be required to learn the language. Illegal aliens should be deported if they engage in criminal activity, the party supports the government offering intensive English language instruction to all who need it, including stipends to help immigrants attend the programs
10.
El Dorado Hills, California
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El Dorado Hills is an unincorporated census-designated place located in El Dorado County, California,22 miles east of the state capital of Sacramento. The population was 42,108 at the 2010 census, up from 18,016 at the 2000 census and this population growth is attributed through the combination of actual population increase within the 2000 CDP boundaries and expansion of the boundaries. The area of EDH was expanded from 17.9 square miles in 2000 to 48.606 square miles in 2010, El Dorado Hills residents and businesses are most closely affiliated with El Dorado County, a generally rural area. However, El Dorado County is part of the Sacramento Metropolitan Area because it is socially and economically integrated with the much larger Sacramento County, El Dorado Hills lies about 18.6 miles from the 1848 gold find site in Coloma, the impetus for the California Gold Rush. Gold was washed down the South Fork of the American River, into areas now in El Dorado Hills and Folsom, portions of two Pony Express routes in this area from 1860-1861 remain as modern El Dorado Hills roads. El Dorado Hills includes the longest surviving section of the Lincoln Highway and this section, part of the Pioneer Branch, passes through historic Clarksville and is the predecessor of the modern US50 route. The modern history of El Dorado Hills dates back to the early 1960s when original developer Alan Lindsey began its development as a planned community. The original master plan, prepared by architect Victor Gruen, covered the area north of U. S. Highway 50. El Dorado Hills was envisioned as a large-scale master-planned community that would be planned from its inception as a group of residential villages. Other land uses in the plan included a business park, 18-hole golf course, community parks, schools, a community shopping center. The master plan emphasized open space between villages and opportunity for outdoor recreation, between the late 60s and mid-1990s growth occurred at a moderate pace as new families relocated from Sacramento, Southern California and the Bay Area. This growth consisted primarily of housing, as retail developments were limited to two shopping centers on the corners Green Valley & Francisco and El Dorado Hills Blvd. Each neighborhood created during this period was given a name. The original villages of El Dorado Hills include Park, Saint Andrews, Crown, the 1990 census, reported that El Dorado Hills had a population of 6,395. Growth slowed during the part of the 90s due to economic recession throughout California. Businesses, particularly interested in escaping the high costs of Silicon Valley began to set up operations in the El Dorado Hills Business Park south of Highway 50. In 1995, the Parker Development Company acquired 3,500 acres along the boundary of El Dorado Hills to create Serrano. Serrano was the site of a case of recycled water irrigation on a large scale
11.
Alma mater
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Alma mater is an allegorical Latin phrase for a university or college. In modern usage, it is a school or university which an individual has attended, the phrase is variously translated as nourishing mother, nursing mother, or fostering mother, suggesting that a school provides intellectual nourishment to its students. Before its modern usage, Alma mater was a title in Latin for various mother goddesses, especially Ceres or Cybele. The source of its current use is the motto, Alma Mater Studiorum, of the oldest university in continuous operation in the Western world and it is related to the term alumnus, denoting a university graduate, which literally means a nursling or one who is nourished. The phrase can also denote a song or hymn associated with a school, although alma was a common epithet for Ceres, Cybele, Venus, and other mother goddesses, it was not frequently used in conjunction with mater in classical Latin. Alma Redemptoris Mater is a well-known 11th century antiphon devoted to Mary, the earliest documented English use of the term to refer to a university is in 1600, when University of Cambridge printer John Legate began using an emblem for the universitys press. In English etymological reference works, the first university-related usage is often cited in 1710, many historic European universities have adopted Alma Mater as part of the Latin translation of their official name. The University of Bologna Latin name, Alma Mater Studiorum, refers to its status as the oldest continuously operating university in the world. At least one, the Alma Mater Europaea in Salzburg, Austria, the College of William & Mary in Williamsburg, Virginia, has been called the Alma Mater of the Nation because of its ties to the founding of the United States. At Queens University in Kingston, Ontario, and the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, British Columbia, the ancient Roman world had many statues of the Alma Mater, some still extant. Modern sculptures are found in prominent locations on several American university campuses, outside the United States, there is an Alma Mater sculpture on the steps of the monumental entrance to the Universidad de La Habana, in Havana, Cuba. Media related to Alma mater at Wikimedia Commons The dictionary definition of alma mater at Wiktionary Alma Mater Europaea website
12.
Lewis & Clark College
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Lewis & Clark College is a private liberal arts college located in Portland, Oregon. It has an undergraduate College of Arts and Sciences, a School of Law, Lewis & Clark is a member of the Annapolis Group of colleges with athletic programs competing in the National Collegiate Athletic Associations Division III Northwest Conference. Just over 2,000 students attend the undergraduate College of Arts and Sciences, the School of Law is best known for its environmental law program, while the Graduate School of Education & Counseling is active in community engagement and social justice. Today, the three schools and their supporting offices occupy a campus of 137 acres, centered on the M. Lloyd Frank Estate on Palatine Hill in the Collins View neighborhood of Southwest Portland. To this end the Presbyterian church incorporated Albany Academy in 1858, within a decade of its founding, Albany Academy began to focus more exclusively on higher education, changing its official name to the Albany Collegiate Institution in 1866. Unlike most Oregon colleges of the pioneer-era, the college has been coeducational since the first class, the early campus of 7 acres in Albany was situated on land donated by the Monteith family. In 1892, the school building was enlarged, and in 1925 the school relocated south of Albany where it remained until 1937. Albany College established a college to the north in Portland in 1934. The campus grounds later became home to the federal governments Albany Research Center, in 1942 the college trustees acquired the Lloyd Frank “Fir Acres” estate in southwest Portland, and the school name was changed to Lewis & Clark College. The original school mascot, the Pirates, was changed to the Pioneers in 1946, the three schools of the college include the College of Arts and Sciences, the Law School, and the Graduate School of Education and Counseling. Lewis & Clark has nationally regarded programs in Biology, International Affairs, Psychology, Foreign Languages, the college has held two worldwide symphonic festivals in the past five years with professional-level performances in Dublin and the Greek islands. Lewis & Clark is also known for its active and diverse overseas study program, the college offers approximately 36 programs in various countries, and since the 1960s, more than 60% of all Lewis & Clark undergraduates have studied abroad. For a small liberal arts college, Lewis & Clarks overseas offerings are impressive in both breadth and scope, there are, for example seven discrete programs in Spanish-speaking countries. Lewis & Clark is also one of the few U. S. institutions with a program in Cuba. For the Class of 2018, Lewis & Clark received 6,244 applications, accepted 4,160 and enrolled 564. In terms of rank, of the 41% of high school seniors who submitted it, 38% of enrolled freshmen were in the top tenth of their high school classes. The middle 50% range of SAT scores for the enrolled freshmen was 610-710 for critical reading, 580-670 for math, the average high school Grade Point Average GPA of enrolled freshmen was 3.91. The 2017 annual ranking of U. S. News & World Report categorizes Lewis & Clark as more selective and ranks it tied for the 87th best liberal arts college in the nation
13.
Insurance
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Insurance is a means of protection from financial loss. It is a form of risk management primarily used to hedge against the risk of a contingent, an entity which provides insurance is known as an insurer, insurance company, or insurance carrier. A person or entity who buys insurance is known as an insured or policyholder, the insured receives a contract, called the insurance policy, which details the conditions and circumstances under which the insured will be financially compensated. The amount of money charged by the insurer to the insured for the coverage set forth in the policy is called the premium. If the insured experiences a loss which is covered by the insurance policy. Methods for transferring or distributing risk were practiced by Chinese and Babylonian traders as long ago as the 3rd and 2nd millennia BC, Chinese merchants travelling treacherous river rapids would redistribute their wares across many vessels to limit the loss due to any single vessels capsizing. The Babylonians developed a system which was recorded in the famous Code of Hammurabi, c.1750 BC, and practiced by early Mediterranean sailing merchants. If a merchant received a loan to fund his shipment, he would pay the lender an additional sum in exchange for the guarantee to cancel the loan should the shipment be stolen. At some point in the 1st millennium BC, the inhabitants of Rhodes created the general average and this allowed groups of merchants to pay to insure their goods being shipped together. The collected premiums would be used to any merchant whose goods were jettisoned during transport. Separate insurance contracts were invented in Genoa in the 14th century, the first known insurance contract dates from Genoa in 1347, and in the next century maritime insurance developed widely and premiums were intuitively varied with risks. These new insurance contracts allowed insurance to be separated from investment, Insurance became far more sophisticated in Enlightenment era Europe, and specialized varieties developed. Property insurance as we know it today can be traced to the Great Fire of London, initially,5,000 homes were insured by his Insurance Office. At the same time, the first insurance schemes for the underwriting of business ventures became available, by the end of the seventeenth century, Londons growing importance as a center for trade was increasing demand for marine insurance. These informal beginnings led to the establishment of the insurance market Lloyds of London and several related shipping, the first life insurance policies were taken out in the early 18th century. The first company to offer life insurance was the Amicable Society for a Perpetual Assurance Office, founded in London in 1706 by William Talbot, edward Rowe Mores established the Society for Equitable Assurances on Lives and Survivorship in 1762. In the late 19th century, accident insurance began to become available and this operated much like modern disability insurance. The first company to offer accident insurance was the Railway Passengers Assurance Company, by the late 19th century, governments began to initiate national insurance programs against sickness and old age
14.
Placer County, California
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Placer County, officially the County of Placer, is a county located in the U. S. state of California. As of the 2010 census, the population was 348,432, Placer County is included in the Sacramento-Roseville-Arden-Arcade, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in both the Sacramento Valley and Sierra Nevada regions, in what is known as the Gold Country and it stretches from the suburbs of Sacramento to Lake Tahoe and the Nevada border. The discovery of gold in 1848 brought tens of thousands of miners from around the world, in addition to many more thousands intending to provide goods and services to the miners. Only three years after the discovery of gold, the county was formed from portions of Sutter. Placer County took its name from the Spanish word for sand or gravel deposits containing gold, miners washed away the gravel, leaving the heavier gold, in a process known as placer mining. Gold mining was a major industry through the 1880s, but gradually the new residents turned to farming the fertile soil, harvesting timber. Auburn was settled when Claude Chana discovered gold in Auburn Ravine in May 1848 and later became a shipping, the cornerstone of Placers beautiful and historic courthouse, which is clearly visible from Interstate 80 through Auburn, was laid on July 4,1894. The building itself was renovated during the late 1980s and continues to serve the public today with courtrooms, a sheriffs office. Loomis and Newcastle began as mining towns, but soon became centers of a booming fruit-growing industry, penryn was founded by a Welsh miner, Griffith Griffith, who turned from mining to establish a large granite quarry. Rocklin began as a town and became home to a number of granite quarries. Lincoln and Sheridan continue to support ranching and farming, Lincoln also is the home of one of the countys oldest businesses, the Gladding, McBean terra cotta clay manufacturing plant established in 1875. The 1960 Winter Olympics were hosted in Squaw Valley, which is located in Placer County. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 1,502 square miles. Watercourses in Placer County include the American River and Bunch Creek, Lake Tahoe has 40. 96% of its surface area in Placer County, more than in any of the four other counties in which it lies. El Dorado National Forest in part Tahoe National Forest in part The 2010 United States Census reported that Placer County had a population of 348,432. The racial makeup of Placer County was 290,977 White,4,751 African American,3,011 Native American,20,435 Asian,778 Pacific Islander,13,375 from other races, Hispanic or Latino of any race were 44,710 persons. As of the census of 2000, there were 248,399 people,93,382 households, the population density was 177 people per square mile
15.
Sacramento, California
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Sacramento is the capital city of the U. S. state of California and the seat of Sacramento County. It is at the confluence of the Sacramento River and the American River in the portion of Californias expansive Central Valley. Its estimated 2014 population of 485,199 made it the sixth-largest city in California, Sacramento is the cultural and economic core of the Sacramento metropolitan area, which includes seven counties with a 2010 population of 2,414,783. In 2002, the Civil Rights Project at Harvard University conducted for Time magazine named Sacramento Americas Most Diverse City, Sacramento became a city through the efforts of the Swiss immigrant John Sutter, Sr. his son John Augustus Sutter, Jr. and James W. Marshall. Sacramento grew quickly thanks to the protection of Sutters Fort, which was established by Sutter in 1839, the city was named after the Sacramento River, which forms its western border. The river was named by Spanish cavalry officer Gabriel Moraga for the Santísimo Sacramento, California State University, Sacramento, is the largest university in the city and one of 23 campuses in the California State University system. University of the Pacific is a university with one of its three campuses in Sacramento. In addition, the University of California, Davis, located in nearby Davis, operates its UC Davis Medical Center, nisenan and Plains Miwok Native Americans had lived in the area for perhaps thousands of years. Unlike the settlers who would eventually make Sacramento their home, these Native Americans left little evidence of their existence. Traditionally, their diet was dominated by acorns taken from the oak trees in the region, and by fruits, bulbs, seeds. In 1808, the Spanish explorer Gabriel Moraga discovered and named the Sacramento Valley, a Spanish writer with the Moraga expedition wrote, Canopies of oaks and cottonwoods, many festooned with grapevines, overhung both sides of the blue current. Birds chattered in the trees and big fish darted through the pellucid depths, the air was like champagne, and drank deep of it, drank in the beauty around them. The valley and the river were then christened after the Most Holy Sacrament of the Body and Blood of Christ, John Sutter first arrived on August 13,1839 at the divergence of the American and Sacramento Rivers with a Mexican land grant of 50,000 acres. The next year, he and his party established Sutters Fort, representing Mexico, Sutter called his colony New Helvetia, a Swiss inspired name, and was the political authority and dispenser of justice in the new settlement. Soon, the colony began to grow as more and more pioneers headed west, within just a few short years, John Sutter had become a grand success, owning a ten-acre orchard and a herd of thirteen thousand cattle. Fort Sutter became a stop for the increasing number of immigrants coming through the valley. In 1847, Sutter hired James Marshall to build a sawmill so that he could continue to expand his empire, Sutter received 2,000 fruit trees in 1847, which started the agriculture industry in the Sacramento Valley. In 1848, when gold was discovered by James W. Marshall at Sutters Mill in Coloma and he hired topographical engineer William H
16.
Republican Party (United States)
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The Republican Party, commonly referred to as the GOP, is one of the two major contemporary political parties in the United States, the other being its historic rival, the Democratic Party. The party is named after republicanism, the dominant value during the American Revolution and it was founded by anti-slavery activists, modernists, ex-Whigs, and ex-Free Soilers in 1854. The Republicans dominated politics nationally and in the majority of northern States for most of the period between 1860 and 1932, there have been 19 Republican presidents, the most from any one party. The Republican Partys current ideology is American conservatism, which contrasts with the Democrats more progressive platform, further, its platform involves support for free market capitalism, free enterprise, fiscal conservatism, a strong national defense, deregulation, and restrictions on labor unions. In addition to advocating for economic policies, the Republican Party is socially conservative. As of 2017, the GOP is documented as being at its strongest position politically since 1928, in addition to holding the Presidency, the Republicans control the 115th United States Congress, having majorities in both the House of Representatives and the Senate. The party also holds a majority of governorships and state legislatures, the main cause was opposition to the Kansas–Nebraska Act, which repealed the Missouri Compromise by which slavery was kept out of Kansas. The Northern Republicans saw the expansion of slavery as a great evil, the first public meeting of the general anti-Nebraska movement where the name Republican was suggested for a new anti-slavery party was held on March 20,1854, in a schoolhouse in Ripon, Wisconsin. The name was chosen to pay homage to Thomas Jeffersons Republican Party. The first official party convention was held on July 6,1854, in Jackson and it oversaw the preserving of the union, the end of slavery, and the provision of equal rights to all men in the American Civil War and Reconstruction, 1861–1877. The Republicans initial base was in the Northeast and the upper Midwest, with the realignment of parties and voters in the Third Party System, the strong run of John C. Fremont in the 1856 United States presidential election demonstrated it dominated most northern states, early Republican ideology was reflected in the 1856 slogan free labor, free land, free men, which had been coined by Salmon P. Chase, a Senator from Ohio. Free labor referred to the Republican opposition to labor and belief in independent artisans. Free land referred to Republican opposition to the system whereby slaveowners could buy up all the good farm land. The Party strove to contain the expansion of slavery, which would cause the collapse of the slave power, Lincoln, representing the fast-growing western states, won the Republican nomination in 1860 and subsequently won the presidency. The party took on the mission of preserving the Union, and destroying slavery during the American Civil War, in the election of 1864, it united with War Democrats to nominate Lincoln on the National Union Party ticket. The partys success created factionalism within the party in the 1870s and those who felt that Reconstruction had been accomplished and was continued mostly to promote the large-scale corruption tolerated by President Ulysses S. Grant ran Horace Greeley for the presidency. The Stalwarts defended Grant and the system, the Half-Breeds led by Chester A. Arthur pushed for reform of the civil service in 1883
17.
Jimmy Carter
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James Earl Jimmy Carter Jr. is an American politician who served as the 39th President of the United States from 1977 to 1981. In 2002, he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his work with the Carter Center, Carter was a Democrat who was raised in rural Georgia. He was a farmer who served two terms as a Georgia State Senator from 1963 to 1967, and one as the Governor of Georgia from 1971 to 1975. He was elected President in 1976, defeating incumbent President Gerald Ford in a close election. On his second day in office, Carter pardoned all evaders of the Vietnam War drafts, during Carters term as President, two new cabinet-level departments, the Department of Energy and the Department of Education, were established. He established an energy policy that included conservation, price control. In foreign affairs, Carter pursued the Camp David Accords, the Panama Canal Treaties, the round of Strategic Arms Limitation Talks. On the economic front he confronted persistent stagflation, a combination of inflation, high unemployment. The end of his tenure was marked by the 1979–1981 Iran hostage crisis, the 1979 energy crisis, the Three Mile Island nuclear accident. In response to the Soviet move he ended détente, escalated the Cold War, Carter won the 1980 primary with 51. 13% of the vote but lost the general election in an electoral landslide to Republican nominee Ronald Reagan, who won 44 of 50 states. His presidency has drawn medium-low responses from historians, with many considering him to have accomplished more with his post-presidency work and he set up the Carter Center in 1982 as his base for advancing human rights. He has also traveled extensively to conduct negotiations, observe elections. Additionally, Carter is a key figure in the Habitat for Humanity project, since surpassing Herbert Hoover in September 2012, he has been the longest-retired president in American history. He is also the first president to mark the 40th anniversary of his election and inauguration, in reference to current political views, he has criticized some of Israels actions and policies in regards to the Israeli–Palestinian conflict and has advocated for a two-state solution. James Earl Carter, Jr. was born on October 1,1924, at the Wise Sanitarium in Plains and he is a descendant of English immigrant Thomas Carter, who settled in Virginia in 1635. Numerous generations of Carters lived as farmers in Georgia. Carter is also a descendant of Thomas Cornell, an ancestor of Cornell Universitys founder and of Richard Nixon, Plains was a boomtown of 600 people at the time of Carters birth. His father, James Earl Carter, Sr. was a local businessman who ran a general store and had begun to invest in farmland
18.
John Doolittle
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John Taylor Doolittle, American politician, was a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives from 1991 to 2009, representing Californias 4th congressional district. In the 109th Congress, he held a role as the Deputy Whip for the Republican party in the House. He was succeeded in the House of Representatives by Tom McClintock, Doolittle was born in Glendale, California. He grew up in Cupertino, California, graduating from Cupertino High School in 1968 and he graduated with honors with a B. A. in History from the University of California, Santa Cruz. He also has a law degree from McGeorge School of Law, University of the Pacific, in Sacramento, Doolittle spent two years as a missionary in Argentina for The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints before going to law school. Doolittle is married to the former Julia Harlow and they have a son and daughter. In 1979, Doolittle worked as an aide to State Senator H. L. Richardson, the founder of Gun Owners of America. In a 1980 race for the California State Senate, Doolittle, then 29, stunned everyone by narrowly defeating Democrat Albert S. Rodda, dean of the state Senate and chair of the Senate Finance Committee. But by a quirk of redistricting, Doolittle was able to keep his seat until 1984, when he won another term by beating Ray E. Johnson. An administrative law judge found him guilty of violating campaign finance laws when his campaign helped his Democratic opponent. Doolittle easily won re-election in 1988, from 1987 to 1990, he was chairman of the Senate Republican Caucus. In 1990, Republican Norman D. Shumway, also a Mormon, in the November general election, Doolittle defeated Patty Malberg, a Democrat from Lincoln, getting 51% of the vote, in what was then the 14th Congressional District. Doolittles district was renumbered as the 4th in 1992, and he was reelected with 50 percent of the vote, however, he was reelected with 61 percent of the vote in 1994 and didnt face another close race until 2006. In his first years in Congress, Doolittle was a member of the known as the Gang of Seven. He is in favor of partial privatization of Social Security, saying he would like to see people gain ownership over their own funds and he opposes gun control and abortion rights. After the old Republican Study Committee had its funding yanked in 1995 and he alternated the chairmanship with Dan Burton of Indiana, Sam Johnson of Texas and Ernest Istook of Oklahoma until 1999. In January 2006, The Union newspaper of Grass Valley, California quoted Doolittle as saying that A liberal front is underway to find God, in February 2006, Doolittle was praised by the El Dorado Irrigation District for his assistance in obtaining funds for hydroelectric power projects. Doolittle is known for support of the Auburn Dam project, despite environmental concerns, a mid-1990s preliminary United States Geological Survey report cited concerns about the potential of earthquakes caused by that project
19.
California Insurance Commissioner
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California Insurance Commissioner is an elected executive office position in California. The officeholder is in charge of the California Department of Insurance, the current Insurance Commissioner is Democrat Dave Jones. Oversees and directs all functions of the Department of Insurance, licenses, regulates, and examines insurance companies. Answers public questions and complaints regarding the insurance industry, enforces the laws of the California Insurance Code and adopts regulations to implement the laws. The mission is to ensure vibrant markets where insurers keep their promises and the health and economic security of individuals, families, as a result of the passage of Proposition 103 in 1988, the elected office of the California Insurance Commissioner was created in 1991. Previously, the position was held by an appointed by the Governor. The Insurance Commissioner oversees the Department of Insurance, Democrat Dave Jones won the November 2,2010 election for California Insurance Commissioner. The Insurance Commissioner does not oversee the majority of Health Plans, HMO Health Plans and PPO Plans offered by Anthem Blue Cross and Blue Shield of California are overseen by the California Department of Managed Health Care
20.
California Insurance Commissioner election, 2014
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The 2014 California Insurance Commissioner election was held on November 4,2014, to elect the Insurance Commissioner of California. Incumbent Democratic Commissioner Dave Jones ran for re-election to a term in office. A primary election was held on June 3,2014, under Californias nonpartisan blanket primary law, all candidates appear on the same ballot, regardless of party. In the primary, voters may vote for any candidate, regardless of their party affiliation, the top two finishers — regardless of party — advance to the general election in November, even if a candidate manages to receive a majority of the votes cast in the primary election. Washington is the other state with this system, a so-called top two primary. Jones and Republican Ted Gaines finished first and second, respectively, and contested the general election, which Jones won
21.
Dave Jones (politician)
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David Evan Dave Jones is an American politician. He represented Californias 9th assembly district December 2004 through 2011 and he is currently Californias Insurance Commissioner. He is a member of the Democratic Party, Jones attended Carl Sandburg High School in Orland Park, Illinois where he served as student body president alongside student body vice-president John Chiang. He served for five and a years after winning a 1999 special election to replace Darrell Steinberg. Before his election to the city council, he worked for six years as a legal aid attorney with Legal Services of Northern California, in 1995, Jones was one of 13 Americans awarded a White House Fellowship. Jones served in the Clinton administration for three years and he first served as a special assistant to Janet Reno and later as her counsel. Jones received his degree from DePauw University, his law degree from Harvard Law School. Jones, a Democrat, chaired the Assembly Judiciary Committee for four years and he also chaired the Assembly Health Committee and the Assembly Budget Subcommittee on Health and Human Services. He served on the Appropriations Committee, the Judiciary Committee, preventing HMOs and health insurers from charging men and women different rates for the same health insurance policies. First-in-the-nation legislation allowing Californians to share their personal vehicles in car-sharing pools without invalidating their auto insurance, securing billions in federal funding to improve Californias hospital health care safety net and fund childrens health care, by establishing a hospital provider fee. Protecting private medical records from mis-use and disclosure, creating the nations largest early childhood education and preschool program to give children the best possible start. Jones also authored legislation in 2010 which sought to regulate pet insurance by requiring pet insurance companies to be specific about which types coverage will be provided. The bill was vetoed by Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger and did not become law, Jones was mentioned by several people as a potential opponent for Mayor Heather Fargo in 2008 due to his experience in local politics. However, Jones decided not to run and endorsed the mayor in her reelection bid against former NBA star. Jones supported Democrat Barack Obama in his race against Republican John McCain in the November 2008 Presidential Election, Jones 2011 inauguration speech indicated his strong support for implementing Obamas health care reform law in California. On November 13,2008, Jones announced his campaign California State Insurance Commissioner in 2010, Jones announced, The insurance commissioner should be a strong advocate for consumers, he said. I think with my background and experience, I would be a strong advocate. He was quickly endorsed by State Senate President Darrell Steinberg
22.
Lieutenant Governor of California
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The Lieutenant Governor of California is a statewide constitutional officer and vice-executive of the State of California. The lieutenant governor is elected to serve a term and can serve a maximum of two terms. California has had a governor and a lieutenant governor of different parties 26 of the past 31 years, California has had 41 lieutenant governors and five acting lieutenant governors since achieving statehood in 1850. The current lieutenant governor is Gavin Newsom, who was sworn into office on January 10,2011, in practice, there is a gentlemens agreement for the Lieutenant Governor not to perform more than perfunctory duties while the Governor is away from the state. This agreement was violated when Mike Curb was in office, as he signed several executive orders at odds with the administration of Jerry Brown, when Brown was out of the state. Court rulings have upheld the lieutenant governors right to perform the duties, the lieutenant governor is also the President of the California State Senate. Many California projects created through gubernatorial executive orders, or through the initiative process, thus, it is argued, California might benefit if the Governor and the Lieutenant Governor ran on the same ticket. The Lieutenant Governor would then be likely to help the Governor – who is subject to a greater degree of voter scrutiny – to implement his or her policies. By contrast the Attorney General of California oversees 5,300 employees, including 1,110 state attorneys, List of lieutenant governors of California List of current United States lieutenant governors Official website
23.
Gavin Newsom
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Gavin Christopher Newsom is an American politician and businessman, the former mayor of San Francisco, and the Lieutenant Governor of California since 2011. Newsom was formerly married to Fox News contributor Kimberly Guilfoyle and he was a prominent early advocate for same-sex marriage and was influential in legalizing cannabis in California. Newsom studied at Redwood High School and graduated from Santa Clara University, after graduation, he co-founded businesses with family friend Gordon Getty, who was an investor. Newsom drew voter attention with his Care Not Cash program, which was designed to move people into city-assisted care. In 2003 he was elected as the 42nd Mayor of San Francisco, Newsom was re-elected in 2007 with 72 percent of the vote. He was elected Lieutenant Governor of California in 2010 and re-elected in 2014, in February 2015, Newsom announced he was opening a committee to run for Governor of California in 2018. Gavin Christopher Newsom was born in San Francisco, California, to Tessa Thomas and William Alfred Newsom III and he is a fourth-generation San Franciscan. He is of mostly Irish descent, one of his maternal great-grandfathers, Scotsman Thomas Addis, was a pioneer scientist in the field of nephrology, Newsom is the second cousin, twice removed, of musician Joanna Newsom. Newsoms parents separated when he was 2 and divorced in 1972, at age 10, Newsom moved with his mother and sister, to nearby Marin County. In May 2002, his mother died following a fight with breast cancer. While Newsom later reflected that he did not have a childhood, he attended kindergarten. He eventually transferred because of dyslexia that still affects him. His dyslexia has made it difficult for him to write, spell, read and he attended third through fifth grades at Notre Dame des Victoires, where he was placed in remedial reading classes. Newsom graduated from Redwood High School in 1985 and he played basketball and baseball in high school. Newsom was an outfielder in baseball and his baseball skills placed him on the cover of the Marin Independent Journal. Newsoms aunt was married to Ron Pelosi, the brother-in-law of former Speaker of the United States House of Representatives Nancy Pelosi, in an interview with The San Francisco Chronicle, his sister recalled Christmas holidays when their mother told them there wouldnt be any gifts. Tessa opened their home to children, instilling in Newsom the importance of public service. His fathers finances were strapped in part because of his tendency to give away his earnings, Newsom worked several jobs in high school to help support his family
24.
Toni Atkins
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Toni G. Atkins is an American Democratic politician from San Diego, California. She was the Speaker of the California State Assembly and is currently a member of the California State Senate representing the 39th district. In January 2014 she was elected by the Democratic caucus to be the next Speaker of the Assembly and she was the third woman and the first acknowledged lesbian to be elected to that position. She was the first lawmaker from San Diego to be elected Speaker and she formerly served on the San Diego City Council from 2000 to 2008, including a term as Acting Mayor. She served as the governor of California for nine hours on July 30,2014. She was born in poverty in Wythe County in southwest Virginia and her father was a miner and her mother a seamstress, she grew up in a home with no running water. She earned a BA in political science from Emory and Henry College and she later attended the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University. Atkins relocated to San Diego in 1985, when she first came to San Diego, she joined the staff of Womancare Health Center as Director of Clinic Services. She then served for a number of years as council representative, when Kehoe was elected to the state legislature, Atkins was elected to Kehoes City Council seat on November 7,2000. She was reelected in March 2004, without the need for a November runoff, in April 2005 Mayor Dick Murphy resigned after criticism of his handing of the citys fiscal problems. Councilmember Michael Zucchet, who was deputy mayor, took over, in an emergency vote on July 19, Atkins was chosen by the other five council members to take over as mayor pro-tem for one week. On July 25 they reaffirmed their choice and designated Atkins deputy mayor to serve until Jerry Sanders was sworn in as mayor on December 5, Atkins was the first openly lesbian mayor of San Diego. While on the council, she represented the City of San Diego at the San Diego Chapter of the League of Cities as well as on the board and she continues to serve on the San Diego River Conservancy as an appointee of former California State Assembly Speaker Herb Wesson. She lists among her priorities affordable housing, workers rights, neighborhood revitalization and she was elected to the State Assembly in November 2010, receiving 57. 7% of the vote. She represented the 76th Assembly district, in November 2012 she ran in the 78th Assembly district due to redistricting, and won with 62% of the vote. In 2012 she introduced AB1522, a bill to prevent the granting of financial support, the bill was inspired by the case of a San Diego woman who was ordered to pay legal fees and spousal support to her ex-husband even though he was in prison for abusing her. She was the first Speaker of the Assembly from San Diego, the first lesbian to hold the position, Atkins was reelected as Speaker by the Democratic caucus in November 2014. As Speaker she helped to write and secure passage for a $7. 5-billion water bond that was approved by the legislature, Atkins stepped down as Assembly speaker in March 2016
25.
Bill Monning
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William Bill Monning is an American politician currently serving in the California State Senate. A Democrat, he is the current Senate Majority Leader, Monning currently represents the 17th Senate District, which encompasses the Central Coast. Before his election to the State Senate in 2012, Monning served in the California State Assembly and he is the former president and co-founder of Global Majority, Inc. an organization committed to education, training and advocacy in the field of non-violent conflict resolution. Monning served as a Senior Fulbright Specialist, receiving Fulbright scholarships to teach and research in Peru, Monning received a B. A. at University of California, Berkeley and a law degree from the University of San Francisco School of Law. He and his wife, Dana T. Kent, a physician, reside in Carmel. About three months later, the bill died in committee
26.
Patricia Bates
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Patricia Carmody Pat Bates is an American politician currently serving in the California State Senate. She is a Republican representing the 36th Senate district, which parts of Orange. She previously served as a member of the Orange County Board of Supervisors from 2007 to 2014, and she also served as the first mayor of Laguna Niguel, California following its incorporation in 1989, and continued to serve on the city council until 1998. She has endorsed Marco Rubio for President
27.
Mike McGuire (politician)
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Mike McGuire is an American politician currently serving in the California State Senate. He is a Democrat representing the 2nd Senate District, which encompasses the North Coast region, prior to being elected to the State Senate in 2014, he was a member of the Sonoma County Board of Supervisors. McGuire comes from a family of grape and prune farmers who have had a history in that industry for nearly half a century and he was raised by his mother and grandmother. His wife Erika McGuire is a school teacher and middle school assistant-principal. While at high school, he became president of his class and he made local history by being the youngest person ever elected to the local school board. He was only 19 years of age, soon after that he was elected to the Healdsburg City Council. He spent six years with the council and was mayor during a period of that time. He became a Sonoma County supervisor in 2010, in April 2015, he introduced bill SB643. This bill that would legalize and regulate the medical marijuana industry, the regulation would cover cultivation to consumption. He said there werent any rules or regulations for it in California and for two decades the state had allowed the cannabis industry to grow unchecked
28.
Bill Dodd (California politician)
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William Harold Bill Dodd is an American politician who is currently serving in the California State Senate. A Democrat, he represents the 3rd Senate District encompassing the northern San Francisco Bay Area, before serving in the Assembly, he served on the Napa County Board of Supervisors. Prior to his time in elected office, Dodd was President and CEO of Diversified Water Systems, the company was started by his father, William D. Dodd, who came to Napa and Solano County to start multiple Servisoft Water franchises. In the early 1980s DWS expanded into the industry, specializing in home. Dodd purchased the business from his family in 1988 and in 1989 expanded the business further, after merging the companies together, Dodd operated multiple Culligan franchises, selling, renting and servicing water quality improvement products throughout Northern California. The company had a significant customer base in residential, commercial and industrial accounts, in 1991, DWS consolidated its Vallejo and Napa operations to American Canyon and there built a state of the art softening and deionized regeneration plant. In 1993, the company expanded again, building a 5 gallon bottled water plant in American Canyon, during his time operating DWS, Dodd grew the company from 8 employees to over 40 and increased sales nearly tenfold. In 1998 Dodd sold DWS to the United States Filtration Company, Dodd remained employed by USF for 5 years before retiring from the water business to devote his full time to public service. Dodd was active in the State and Nation trade associations, in 1985 he was elected President of the Pacific Water Quality Association and in 1994, elected to National Water Quality Association. During his tenure the industry embraced third party certification of water treatment products and worked in Sacramento on important legislation to protect consumers. He was awarded the PWQA and WQA Hall of Fame Award, Award of Merit for work in PR and Governmental affairs, all awards were bestowed upon his father. Prior to serving in the Assembly, Bill served on the Napa County Board of Supervisors for 14 years and he also represented the cities and county of Napa on the Metropolitan Transportation Commission including a two-year term as chairman. In addition, Dodd served as an Honorary Commander for the 60th Air Mobility Wing at Travis Air Force Base. Dodd was a leader in securing nearly $100 million in funding for the Jamison Canyon Road project and many other projects in the Napa, Solano. Dodd was an advocate for preservation of agricultural land and affordable housing. In 2013, having previously been a registered Republican, Dodd changed his affiliation to the Democratic Party, in explaining the change, Dodd described himself as a fiscal conservative but I agree with the Democratic viewpoint on most social issues. In 2014 Dodd ran for the District 4 Assembly seat, representing all or parts of Colusa, Napa, Solano, Sonoma and his primary victory over four opponents earned him a general election run against Republican Charlie Schaupp. Dodd won the seat with a margin in excess of 20 points, Dodd was named to the Transportation, Water, Parks and Wildlife, Business and Professions, Agriculture and Rules Committee
29.
Jim Nielsen
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James Wiley Jim Nielsen is an American politician from California currently serving in the California State Senate representing the 4th district. Nielsen served on the Yolo County Republican Committee before winning election to the California State Senate in 1978, Nielsen also served in the California State Assembly. Nielsen was first elected to the Senate in 1978 by defeating 4th district incumbent John Dunlap, Nielsen then went on to win easy reelections in 1982 and 1986. Nielsen served as Republican Leader in the Senate from 1983 until 1987, Nielsen established himself as a traditional tough-on-crime conservative who championed the cause for lower taxes, controlled government spending and gun rights for law-abiding citizens. Nielsen also authored legislation to promote welfare reform and reduce fraud, including the acclaimed GAIN program. Nielsen was unseated by Democrat Mike Thompson, an aide to then Assemblywoman Jackie Speier, Thompson benefited from ethics issues and verbal gaffes made by the incumbent, as well changing demographics in the district. He defeated Nielsen by less than 1 percent, after leaving the legislature, Nielsen served on the Agriculture Labor Relations Board. In 1992 he was appointed to the Board of Parole and Prison Terms, Nielsen won the case and even received a judgment for court costs in the amount of $7,400 against Plaintiff Don Bird. Plaintiff appealed to the Secretary of State who then deferred to the State Attorney General, after reviewing the case, the Attorney General issued a letter on December 22,2008, stating there was no evidence to warrant further investigation and the matter was closed. The Attorney General was Jerry Brown, a Democrat and former Governor of California, Nielsen was also the largest taxpayer-funded gas card spender in the state legislature for 2010 costing $10,410.68 Vassar, Alex, Shane Meyers. Retrieved on October 3,2008 California Journal Vol. XXI, California Journal Vol. XXVI, No.12 Complete District By District Analysis. Official website Campaign website JoinCalifornia, Election History for the State of California
30.
Cathleen Galgiani
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Cathleen Galgiani is an American politician who currently serves in the California State Senate. A Democrat, she represents the 5th Senate District, which encompasses San Joaquin County, Galgiani is a member of the California Legislative LGBT Caucus. Prior to her election to the State Senate in 2012, she served in the California State Assembly, before her service as an elected official, she was the Chief of Staff to her predecessor, Assemblymember Barbara Matthews. Galgiani attended San Joaquin Delta College before receiving her Bachelors degree from California State University, prior to working in the Legislature, Galgiani spent eight years as a physical therapy aide at San Joaquin General Hospital and Dameron Hospital in San Joaquin County. Galgiani served as the consultant to the committee on the development of University of California. She helped secure funding and support for U. C, Merced to ensure that the university continues to grow as the tenth campus in the University of California system. Galgiani also served as staffer for Pat Johnston, John Garamendi, in a 2011 interview with the Stockton Record, Galgiani publicly disclosed that she is gay. Galgiani was first elected to the State Senate after narrowly defeating Republican Assemblymember Bill Berryhill on November 6,2012
31.
Richard Pan
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Richard Pan is an American politician currently serving in the California State Senate. He is a Democrat representing the 6th Senate District, which parts of Sacramento. Pan is a member of the California Asian & Pacific Islander Legislative Caucus, a pediatrician by training, he continues to practice during his service as a state senator. Pan introduced California Senate Bill 277 in 2015, which requires vaccinations for California school children, political adversaries failed to force a recall election on Pan after the bill was approved by Governor Jerry Brown. Prior to serving in the senate, he was a member of the California State Assembly. Pan was Chair of the California Assembly Committee on Health, and is a member on the Committee on Agriculture, Committee on Appropriations, and Committee on Revenue and Taxation. Previously, Pan was Vice-Chair of the California Assembly Veterans Affairs Committee and served on the committees on Aging and Long-Term Care and he was also the Chair of the Select Committee on Healthcare Workforce and Access to Care. He continues to practice at Wellspace Healths Oak Park Community Clinic, prior to being elected to the state assembly, he was a pediatrician and professor at the UC Davis Childrens Hospital, where he led the pediatric residency program. Pan founded Communities and Health Professionals Together, a recognized program that partners resident physicians with community associations to improve community health. In 2005, CPT received the Community Campus Partnerships for Health Award and in 2008, Pan also taught community development at UC Davis. Expanding beyond his work to put doctors in touch with communities, Pan dedicated his time to a number of local boards, organizations. Pan is a recognized university educator. In addition to teaching as a faculty member at UC Davis, he has published papers on medical education. He also was an Ambulatory Pediatric Association National Pediatric Faculty Development Scholar. Pan received a B. A. in Biophysics at The Johns Hopkins University, a M. D. at the University of Pittsburgh entering into the Alpha Omega Alpha Honor Medical Society, and he also was a California HealthCare Foundation Health Care Leadership Fellow
32.
Steve Glazer
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Steven Mitchell Glazer is an American politician currently serving in the California State Senate. He is a Democrat representing the 7th Senate District, which encompasses most of Contra Costa County, Glazer won a May 2015 special election to succeed Mark DeSaulnier, who was elected to Congress in 2014, after defeating a fellow Democrat, Assemblywoman Susan Bonilla. Prior to being elected to the State Senate, he was the mayor of Orinda, Glazer is a member of the California Legislative Jewish Caucus. He was President of the Associated Students at San Diego State University, Glazer was also Governor Jerry Browns campaign manager at SDSU. Immediately upon graduation he served as the Legislative Director of the CSSA in Sacramento
33.
Tom Berryhill
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Thomas Charles Tom Berryhill is a Republican politician in the United States who currently represents the 8th district in the California State Senate. He is a member of the California State Assembly, having represented the 25th district from December 2006 to December 2010. Berryhill attended Ceres High School, Modesto Junior College, and California Polytechnic State University, Berryhills father, the late Clare Berryhill, was elected to both houses of the California Legislature, and also served the state as director of the California Department of Food and Agriculture. Toms brother, Bill, was elected to the Assembly in the neighboring 26th district in 2008, the Berryhills are the first brothers to serve concurrently in the Legislature in almost 60 years. His first cousin, Mike Berryhill, was the 2010 Republican nominee for the U. S. House of Representatives from Californias 18th district, Tom is married and has two daughters. They now live in Twain Harte
34.
Bob Wieckowski
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Robert A. Bob Wieckowski is an American attorney and politician who currently serves in the California State Senate. A Democrat, he represents the 10th Senate District, which encompasses the central, Wieckowski was first elected to the California State Assembly in 2010 to represent the 20th Assembly District, then the 25th Assembly District in 2012 after redistricting. Before being elected to the Legislature, he served as Vice-Mayor, Wieckowski served as chair of the Assembly Judiciary Committee. He was also a member of the Assembly Insurance, Health, in his first term in office, Wieckowski passed 24 bills through the Legislature,21 of which were signed into law by Governor Brown. He launched the Made in California Jobs Initiative to expand California manufacturing, invest in biotechnology research, Wieckowski is a small business owner and a bankruptcy attorney. He received his B. A. from University of California, Berkeley, Wieckowski lives in Fremont with Sue Lemke, and her son Luke. Wieckowskis parents are Gene and Helen Wieckowski, official website Ballotpedia article on Bob Wieckowski Project Vote Smart - Bob Wieckowski Wieckowski, Bob. Interview with Bob Wieckowski, Candidate for Fremont City Council
35.
Scott Wiener
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Scott Wiener is an American politician and a member of the California State Senate. A Democrat, he represents the 11th Senate District, encompassing San Francisco, prior to his election to the State Senate in 2016, Wiener served on the San Francisco Board of Supervisors representing District 8. Wiener was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and grew up in southern New Jersey and he clerked for Justice Alan B. Handler on the Supreme Court of New Jersey. In 1997, Wiener moved to San Francisco to work as an attorney at Heller Ehrman White & McAuliffe. In 2002, he went to work as a deputy city attorney under San Francisco City Attorney Dennis Herrera, before running for the Board of Supervisors, Wiener served as chair of the San Francisco Democratic County Central Committee. In 2015, Wiener was robbed of his phone on the corner of 16th. He immediately began to negotiate with the thieves, and got them to agree to accept $200 for the return of his phone. The foursome walked to a nearby ATM, where the transaction was caught on tape by the cameras at the ATM, a Wells Fargo security guard also observed the robbery in progress, and called the police. A woman and a man were arrested and charged with second-degree robbery. Wiener was elected to the San Francisco Board of Supervisors on November 2,2010, after the two lowest candidates were dropped, Wiener won election with 18,239 votes, or 55. 4%, over the second-place finisher, attorney Rafael Mandelman. Wiener was re-elected on November 4,2014 on the first round of ranked choice voting, carrying a majority of the vote. Previously, landlords willing to rent out apartments to tenant on a temporary basis could not offer lower rents without locking these rates in at that rate under rent control. In 2012, Wiener passed legislation encouraging the production of student housing while restricting the conversion of existing rental stock to student housing and that same year, the Board passed legislation to allow the construction of residential units as small as 220 square feet, known as micro-apartments. In 2016, Wiener authored legislation to fast-track the approval of affordable housing projects, in 2016, Wiener introduced legislation to extend rent control protections to people living with HIV/AIDS. His proposals include changing the transit-impact development fee and a measure to tie Muni funding to population growth. The latter measure, Prop B requires 75% of increased funding to improve Muni reliability, Prop B was passed on November 4,2014. Wiener has also encouraged increases in the number of taxis in San Francisco and has supported expanding access to car-share programs, in 2013, the full Board of Supervisors passed Wieners legislative package to streamline pedestrian safety projects. Over his tenure as a Supervisor, Wiener has advocated against widening streets, in 2014, this led to a public disagreement with the San Francisco Fire Department around street design at new developments at Hunters Point and Candlestick Point
36.
Anthony Cannella
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Anthony Cannella is an American politician currently serving in the California State Senate. He is a Republican representing the 12th district, encompassing Merced and San Benito counties, as well as parts of Madera, Monterey, prior to his election to the state senate, he served as Mayor of Ceres, California. He is the son of Sal Cannella, a former Democratic assemblymember who lost a bid in the same district in 1998. Anthony Cannella was the only Republican to vote in favor of the California Dream Act, senator Anthony Cannella Anthony Cannella for Senate http, //www. votesmart. org/issue_keyvote_member. php. cs_id=36017&sort=party
37.
Jerry Hill (politician)
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Gerald A. Jerry Hill is an American politician currently serving in the California State Senate. A Democrat, he represents the 13th Senate District which encompasses the San Francisco Peninsula, prior to being elected to the State Senate in 2012, Hill served in the California State Assembly representing the 19th Assembly District. Before serving in the Legislature, he was a member of the San Mateo City Council, where he served one term as Mayor, born in San Francisco and raised in the Bay Area, Jerry Hill graduated from Balboa High School in San Francisco. Hill attended the University of California, Berkeley, where he graduated with a Bachelor of Arts degree after spending a year at the College of San Mateo and he later received a secondary teaching credential from San Francisco State University. Hill went to work with his father in the swimming pool business that he still owns and runs. In the 1980s Hill became president of his homeowners association. In 1991, he led a campaign for a seat on the San Mateo City Council. During Hill’s tenure on the San Mateo City Council he authored a City of San Mateo ordinance that regulated the sale of tobacco and restricted smoking in public places. While a member of the city council and as Mayor of San Mateo, Hill also served as a member for San Mateo Transit District. The primary is often tantamount to election for the highly Democratic district, in the November 2008 general election, Hill earned 73 percent of the vote against Republican Catherine Brinkmans 23 percent. Hill succeeded South San Francisco Democratic Assembly member Gene Mullin, who had been termed-out of office, Hill was re-elected in 2010 with a similar percentage of the vote. Jerry Hill announced his campaign for the California State Senate after the California Citizens Redistricting Commission released the new map of the 13th District, in the June 2012 primary election, Hill finished first among four competitors, with 51% of the vote. Hill has been recognized by the California Healthcare Institute which named him its Legislator of the Year, Hill has also received recognition from the San Mateo County Association of REALTORS, TechNet, TechAmerica, California State Sheriffs Association and California Small Business Association. The California Clean Money Action Fund named Jerry Hill Clean Money Champion for his leadership in pushing for real reform, official website Campaign website Balboa High School Campaign
38.
Andy Vidak
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James Andrew Andy Vidak is an American politician and cherry farmer. A member of the Republican Party, he is a California state senator who has represented Californias 16th State Senate district, Vidak was born in Visalia, California to James Vidak, the Tulare County superintendent of schools, and Kathleen Vidak. He returned to the San Joaquin Valley to work in the industry before opening his own cherry farm outside Hanford in 1997. In the 2010 midterm elections, Vidak announced his intention to run for Congress in Californias 20th congressional district, the race was too close to call on election night and was only settled three weeks after Election Day. Costa ultimately won reelection with 52% of the vote against Vidaks 48%, with a popular vote margin of 3,050. Following the sudden resignation of incumbent Democrat Michael Rubio on February 22,2013, the 16th State Senate seat was left vacant, Vidaks main challenger in the election was Leticia Perez, a former criminal defense attorney and supervisor of Kern Countys 5th district. In the general election, Vidak defeated Perez with 52% of the vote compared to Perezs 48%, the popular vote margin between the two was 3,084, just barely higher than the same margin by which Vidak lost to Jim Costa three years earlier. Vidaks win marked the first time since 1996 in which the winning state Senate candidate of an election was not from the same party as the incumbent. It is also marked the first time that a Republican took a Democratic State Senate seat since 1993, and it was also the first time in 18 years that the 16th district has seen a Republican State Senator, since Phil Wyman represented the district briefly during 1993–95. Vidak ran for reelection, for his first full term, in November 2014, by the time of the primary, the 16th district was redrawn into the 14th district. His sole Democratic challenger was Luis Chavez from Fresno, in the June 3 primary, Vidak came in first with 61% of the vote ahead of Chavez. In the November 4 general election, Vidak defeated Chavez by a margin of 54% to Chavezs 46%. Vidak was sworn-in on August 10,2013, the effort failed due to 24 Democrats voting against it, while 11 Republicans voted in favor. Vidak has continued his efforts to delay, defund, or hold a revote on the project throughout his time in the Senate.2 billion. Vidak also wrote a letter to President Barack Obama asking for support, and was interviewed by Lou Dobbs on the Fox Business Network to further explain the crisis, its causes, and ways to solve it. In June 2014, Vidak was one of five State Senators who was awarded a score by the California Chamber of Commerce for voting against Senate bills that were identified as job-killers. In October 2014, Vidak was named the Most Fascinating Person of 2014 by the Center for the Blind and Visually Impaired and he was also named Legislator of the Year by the California Small Business Association and the California Small Business Roundtable. Due to his intervention, driver Tracy Courtney stopped her car just as the branch broke, crushing the front end of the car, Vidak credited the incident to Divine Intervention, saying, I walked that direction for a reason I guess
39.
Jim Beall (California politician)
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James Thomas Jim Beall, Jr. is an American politician currently serving in the California State Senate. A Democrat, he represents the 15th Senate District, which encompasses the South Bay, prior to being elected to the State Senate in 2012, Beall served as a member of the California State Assembly representing the 24th Assembly District. Before his time in the Legislature, he served a member of the Santa Clara County Board of Supervisors, james Thomas Beall, Jr. was born on December 7,1952 in San Jose, California. He graduated from San Jose State University, Beall served on the Santa Clara County Board of Supervisors from 1994 until 2006, prior to which he served 14 years on the San Jose City Council. In the spring of 2012, Valley Transportation Authority and BART officials broke ground on the extension, in 2011, Beall announced his candidacy for the new District 15 seat of the California State Senate. He won the June 2012 primary election, finishing more than 11 percent ahead of his opponent, fellow Democrat Joe Coto and he officially took the position on December 3,2012, taking the role from his predecessor Elaine Alquist. He is currently serving in the California State Senate as a Democrat representing the 15th Senate District, on July 9,1983, he and Patricia F. He has two stepsons, Gregory B, Beall Jr. also graduated from San Jose State University with a BA in Political Science
40.
Jean Fuller
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Jeannie Lynn Jean Fuller is a U. S. politician who serves as the minority leader in the California State Senate. A Republican, she was previously a member of the California Assembly, Jean Fuller was born and raised in Kern County. She supplemented her education with coursework and seminars at the University of Southern California, Harvard University and she served as an educator in the Central Valley for more than 30 years, including time as Superintendent of the Bakersfield City School District. Statewide leadership roles include the California School Boards Association, Association of School Administrators, Fuller was named California Superintendent of the Year by the American Association of School Administrators in the 2004/2005 school year. Fuller earned national recognition for school improvement in 1998 when she was awarded the AASA Leadership for Learning Award, first elected to the California State Legislature in 2006, Fuller represented the 32nd Assembly district. Fuller went on to win the election for the California State Senate in for Californias 16th State Senate district in 2010. The 16th district includes parts of Kern, Tulare, and San Bernardino Counties as well as all of Inyo County, in 2015, Senator Fuller authored SB111, Securing Federal Funding for Schools that Serve Military Families. SB111, which was signed into law by Governor Jerry Brown, provides a 20% matching of funds for 11 California schools near or on a base, allocating $61 million in federal. In 2012, Fuller authored SB1367, the Archery Hunting/Firearms Bill and this bill revised the archery provisions of the Fish and Game code to authorize a peace officer to carry a firearm while hunting deer, while prohibiting use of that firearm to illegally hunt deer. SB1367 was signed into law by Governor Jerry Brown, official website State Senator - Jean Fuller
41.
Robert Hertzberg
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Robert Myles Bob Hertzberg is an American politician currently serving in the California State Senate. He is a Democrat representing the 18th Senate District, encompassing parts of the San Fernando Valley, prior to being elected to the State Senate in 2014, he served as the 64th Speaker of the Assembly, representing the 40th Assembly District. He is just one of six former Speakers in California history to serve in the State Senate. He is a member of the California Legislative Jewish Caucus, Hertzberg was born on November 19 in Los Angeles, California to Harrison W. Hertzberg and AntoinetteBunny Taussig Hertzberg. He was a graduate of Palm Springs High School, three years, later Hertzberg earned his Juris Doctor from Hastings College of the Law. He has been a member of the California State Bar since 1979. After graduating law school in 1979, Hertzberg was an associate at the Beverly Hills law firm of Fulop, Rolston, Burns, & McKittrick. In 1983, he co-authored a manual on real estate law, California Lis Pendens Practice, published by the University of California and he was then a full partner in several small Los Angeles-area law firms until running for the State Assembly in 1996. In 2007, the Los Angeles Business Journal named Hertzberg in the article Best of the Bar, the Los Angeles Business Journal also named him one of the top ten lawyers in Los Angeles. Hertzberg has been listed by the Daily Journal as one of the top 100 lawyers in California. In 2004,2006, and 2008-2013, he was listed in Super Lawyers as top lawyer, hertzbergs first political job was a driver for Lt. Governor Mervyn Dymallyin 1973 and 1974, which ended in Dymallys election as the first African-American Lt and he then did a part-time stint as an advance man in the White House under President Jimmy Carter in 1977–80. From the 1970s through the 1990s, he worked for numerous California Democrats, including LA County Supervisor Gloria Molina, Hertzberg ran for the seat and was opposed in the Democratic primary in March 1996 by Fran Oschin, an aide to Los Angeles Councilman Hal Bernson. According to the California Political Almanac, Hertzberg racked up a sheaf of endorsements and he won the primary by 72–28%. In the November general election, Hertzberg had a 59–31% victory over Republican Ron Culver, hertzbergs know-how and connections from over 100 local campaigns gave him the edge over the less-experienced Assembly Members who were coming into the Legislature due to the new term limits law. In 1998 and 2000, Hertzberg was re-elected by successively greater margins, 69% and 70%, on April 13,2000, Hertzberg was unanimously elected by a voice vote as the 64th Speaker of the California State Assembly. In 1996, when Hertzberg first ran for the Assembly, the Democrats had 38 of 80 seats. By November 2000, when Speaker Hertzberg was directing the Assembly Democratic campaigns, his party was up to 50 seats, establishing the Capitol Institute to better train legislators and their employees
42.
Hannah-Beth Jackson
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Hannah-Beth Jackson is an American politician currently serving in the California State Senate. A Democrat, she represents the 19th Senate District, which encompasses Santa Barbara County, Jackson ran for the 19th Senate District in 2008, but narrowly lost to Republican Tony Strickland. After Strickland chose not to pursue reelection to the State Senate in 2012 in order to mount a run for the U. S. House of Representatives. She was re-elected in 2016 for a second term, prior to her election to the State Senate, Jackson served in the California State Assembly from 1998-2004, representing the 35th Assembly District. Jackson served as Chair of the California Legislative Womens Caucus from 2015 to 2016 and she is also a member of the California Legislative Jewish Caucus. Jackson is a prosecutor, the co-founder of two non-profit organizations, and also served as an adjunct professor at Antioch University. Jackson is married to retired Santa Barbara County Superior Court Judge George Eskin and she has a daughter, two stepchildren, and six grandchildren. The family has resided in the district for more than 35 years, Hannah-Beth Jackson received her bachelors degree in Government and Sociology from Scripps College. After receiving her bachelors degree, she went on to law school at Boston University and she opened a law practice in Santa Barbara and Ventura Counties that operated for 20 years. Jackson served as Chair of the Assembly Committee on Natural Resources and she served as Chair of the bipartisan Legislative Womens Caucus and was Chair of the Assembly Environmental Safety and Toxic Materials Committee from 1999-2002. She served on a number of standing committees including the Budget Committee, Judiciary Committee, in the State Senate, she served as Vice Chair of the bipartisan Legislative Womens Caucus from 2013-2014, and as Chair from 2015-2016. Jackson was named Legislator of the Year by the Consumer Federation of California for her advocacy on behalf of consumers, particularly in the areas of health care and privacy rights. Californians Against Waste named her legislator of the year after the passage of her bills to do with pesticide use, on October 18,2011, Jackson announced that she would run for the California State Senates 19th District seat. Jackson won the election on November 6,2012. In 2013, Jackson introduced a bill to pre-register 15-year-olds to vote, Senate Bill 113 was passed and signed into law in 2014, and took effect in 2017. Now 16 and 17 year olds in California can pre-register to vote online, in 2015 the California Fair Pay Act, her equal pay bill, was signed into law. This bill is one of the toughest pay equity laws in the nation and this law will ensure employees are not paid more for substantially similar work, based on their gender. In 2016 The Huffington Post named Hannah-Beth Jackson as one of women around the country “blazing new trails” in American politics
43.
Scott Wilk
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Scott Thomas Wilk, Sr. is an American politician serving in the California State Senate. He is a Republican representing the 21st district, encompassing Antelope Valley, Victor Valley, prior to his election to the Senate, he served two terms in the State Assembly. He was also a College of the Canyons trustee, Wilk earned his B. A. in Political Science from California State University, Bakersfield. He completed a term on the Board of Directors of the Henry Mayo Newhall Memorial Hospital Foundation. He is a member of the Simi Valley Chamber of Commerce, Wilk was appointed to the Santa Clarita College District Board of Trustees on August 23,2006. He was re-elected in November 2007 and November 2011 and he also worked as a small business owner, ran a communications firm, and was a former legislative staffer. Scott serves as chair of the Senate committees on Education. He is also a member of the committees on Budget, Business, Professions and Economic Development, Wilk was elected to represent the 38th Assembly District on November 5,2012. He received 56. 9% of the vote, Wilk was re-elected in 2014 and received 66. 3% of the vote. While in the Assembly he served on the committees, Budget Committee, the Governmental Organization Committee. In 2014, Scott was selected by the non-partisan, non-profit State Legislative Leaders Foundation to attend the Emerging Leaders Program held at the University of Virginia, the program is geared toward newer legislators that show promise as future legislative leaders. Scott was the only selected from California
44.
Ed Hernandez
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Edward Paul Ed Hernández is an American politician currently serving in the California State Senate. A Democrat, he represents the 22nd Senate District, which includes the San Gabriel Valley cities of Alhambra, Azusa, Baldwin Park, Covina, La Puente, San Gabriel, prior to the 2010 redistricting, he represented the 24th Senate District. Hernandez is a member of the California Latino Legislative Caucus, an optometrist, he currently serves as the Chair of the Senate Committee on Health. Prior to his election to the State Senate in 2010, he served in the California State Assembly, in 2016, Hernandez announced that he would run to replace Gavin Newsom as Lieutenant Governor in 2018. Hernández is a native of La Puente and he graduated from Bassett High School, Hernández earned his bachelors degree from California State University, Fullerton and he earned his optometry degree from Indiana University. In 2000 and 2001, Hernández served as president of the California Optometric Association, prior to serving in the Assembly, he was President of the California Board of Optometry. He also has given free care to diabetic patients. Hernández is married to Diane, also an optometrist and he has one daughter from that marriage, and one from a previous marriage. The Hernández family resides in Azusa, in 2010, Hernández ran a successful campaign for the California State Senate, to represent the 22nd Senate district. He is running unopposed in the 2014 election, and will be termed out of the Senate in 2018 and it was passed in the California Senate on Jan. Proposition 209 prohibits state government institutions from considering race, sex, or ethnicity, specifically in the areas of employment, public contracting. Proposition 209 is considered by others to be a proposition which has resulted in low minority enrollment, the proposal led many to speculate the motive behind Hernandezs act
