Teresa Perales Fernández is an S5, SB4, SM5 classified Spanish swimmer, politician and motivational speaker who has won a total of 27 Paralympic medals at the 2000, 2004, 2008, 2012, 2016 and 2020 Summer Paralympics. She is the most decorated Spanish Paralympian in history.

S5, SB4, SM5 are disability swimming classifications used for categorizing swimmers based on their level of disability. The class includes people with a moderate level of disability, and includes people with full use of their arms and hands, but limited to no use of their trunk and legs. It also includes people with coordination problems. A variety of disabilities are represented by this class including people with cerebral palsy. The class competes at the Paralympic Games.