1.
Center fielder
–
A center fielder, abbreviated CF, is the outfielder in baseball who plays defense in center field – the baseball fielding position between left field and right field. In the numbering system used to record plays, the center fielder is assigned the number 8. Outfielders must cover large distances, so speed, instincts and quickness to react to the ball are key and they must be able to catch fly balls above their heads and on the run. They must be able to throw the ball accurately over a distance to be effective. Amateur players may find it difficult to concentrate on the game, emphasizing the correct position will give outfield players something to concentrate on at each pitch. As well as the requirements above, the fielder must be the outfielder who has the best combination of speed. The center fielder covers more grass than any player and, most likely. The center outfielder is the captain of the outfield and has the authority to call off the corner fielders when she or he has a chance to catch the ball. A center fielders vision and depth perception is a coveted skill, because the position requires a good arm and fast legs, center field is generally where the team puts its best all-around athletes, as a result, center fielders are often fine hitters as well. Many center fielders are renowned as excellent batters and base runners, Baseball Hall of Fame Outfield Baseball positions
2.
Manager (baseball)
–
In baseball, the field manager is an individual who is responsible for matters of team strategy on the field and team leadership. Managers are typically assisted by one and six assistant coaches, whose responsibilities are specialized. A manager is essentially equivalent to the coach in other North American professional sports leagues. How much control a manager takes in a games strategy varies from manager to manager and from game to game. Some managers control pitch selection, defensive positioning, decisions to bunt, steal, pitch out, managers are typically assisted by two or more coaches. Typically, the title of manager is used in professional baseball. In many cases, a manager is a professional, semi-professional or college player. Many current and former managers are former catchers which include Mike Matheny, John Gibbons, Brad Ausmus, Joe Torre, Mike Scioscia, Bruce Bochy, the managers responsibilities normally are limited to in-game decisions, with off-the-field and roster management decisions falling to the teams general manager. The term manager used without qualification almost always refers to the field manager, some owners carried out both GM and field managerial duties themselves. Major League Baseball managers differ from the coaches of most other professional sports in that they dress in the same uniform as the players and are assigned a jersey number. The wearing of a uniform is frequently practiced at other levels of play. The manager may be called skipper or skip informally by his players
3.
Vernon, Alabama
–
Vernon is a city in Lamar County, Alabama, United States. At the 2010 census the population was 2,000, down from 2,143 in 2000. It is the largest city in Lamar County as of 2010, and previously held the distinction in 1880 and from 1960-1990, falling to 2nd place in 2000 behind Sulligent, vernon is located at 33°45′23″N 88°6′41″W. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the city has an area of 5.9 square miles. As of the census of 2000, there were 2,143 people,953 households, the population density was 362.2 people per square mile. There were 1,070 housing units at a density of 180.9 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 86. 19% White,12. 65% Black or African American,0. 23% Native American,0. 05% Asian,0. 65% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 32. 3% of all households were made up of individuals and 15. 6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.19 and the average family size was 2.75. In the city, the population was out with 24. 1% under the age of 18,8. 5% from 18 to 24,26. 9% from 25 to 44,23. 0% from 45 to 64. The median age was 38 years, for every 100 females there were 83.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 78.2 males, the median income for a household in the city was $27,344, and the median income for a family was $36,618. Males had an income of $31,550 versus $19,470 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,784, about 10. 7% of families and 15. 6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19. 2% of those under age 18 and 21. 6% of those age 65 or over. As of the census of 2010, there were 2,000 people,890 households, the population density was 339 people per square mile. There were 1,033 housing units at a density of 175.1 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 79. 4% White,18. 1% Black or African American,0. 3% Native American,0. 0% Asian,1. 7% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 33. 4% of all households were made up of individuals and 14. 2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.25 and the average family size was 2.86. In the city, the population was out with 26. 3% under the age of 18,8. 2% from 18 to 24,23. 6% from 25 to 44,26. 3% from 45 to 64
4.
Collinsville, Illinois
–
Collinsville is a city located mainly in Madison County, and partially in St. Clair County, both in Illinois. As of the 2010 census, the city had a population of 25,579, Collinsville is approximately 12 miles from St. Louis, Missouri and is considered part of that citys Metro-East area. It is the home of the Brooks Catsup Bottle Water Tower, the worlds largest ketchup bottle, Monks Mound, the largest man-made earthwork in North America, and now part of the Cahokia Mounds State Historic Site, is located here. Collinsville is located at 38°40′28″N 89°59′43″W, approximately 12 miles due east of St Louis, according to the 2010 census, Collinsville has a total area of 14.874 square miles, of which 14.68 square miles is land and 0.194 square miles is water. As of the census of 2010, there were 25,579 people,10,458 households, the population density was 1,817.4 people per square mile. There were 11,025 housing units at a density of 811.0 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 87. 4% White,11. 2% African American,0. 8% Native American,1. 1% Asian,0. 1% Pacific Islander, and 1. 7% from other races. 30. 1% of all households were made up of individuals and 11. 8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.35 and the average family size was 2.94. In the city, the age distribution of the population shows 23. 2% under the age of 18,9. 7% from 18 to 24,30. 5% from 25 to 44,21. 9% from 45 to 64, the median age was 37 years. For every 100 females there were 93.3 males, for every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.3 males. The median income for a household in the city was $42,353, males had a median income of $39,379 versus $27,409 for females. The per capita income for the city was $22,048, about 5. 6% of families and 7. 2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11. 2% of those under age 18 and 6. 6% of those age 65 or over. Collinsville is the self-proclaimed Horseradish Capital of the World, and sponsors an annual Horseradish Festival, the area is said to produce 85% of the worlds horseradish, of such high quality that Germany and China import it for gourmet use. The Horseradish Festival is always during the first weekend in June and is held at Woodland Park located off of Route 159 in Collinsville, there are many activities for all ages, including a 5K, live music, a beauty pageant, and root grinding demonstrations. One of the most popular events is the Root Derby sponsored by American Family Insurance in which make a derby car out of a real horseradish root. Known for having a large ethnic Italian population, Collinsville also hosts an annual Italian Fest in the fall, the Italian Fest has been held every year since 1983 and is located uptown Collinsville on Main Street. This two-day festival celebrates everything Italian and is full of music and vendors selling authentic Italian food such as spedini, spumoni, bagna cauda, canolli. Along with the festival, there are activities including a parade, midnight bike ride, 5K Run/Walk, Little Miss & Mister Pageant, Bocce Ball Tournament
5.
Batting average
–
Batting average is a statistic in cricket, baseball, and softball that measures the performance of batsmen in cricket and batters in baseball. The development of the statistic was influenced by the cricket statistic. In cricket, a batting average is the total number of runs they have scored divided by the number of times they have been out. The number is also simple to interpret intuitively, if all the batsmans innings were completed, this is the average number of runs they score per innings. If they did not complete all their innings, this number is an estimate of the average number of runs they score per innings. Batting average has been used to gauge cricket players relative skills since the 18th century, most players have career batting averages in the range of 20 to 40. This is also the range for wicket-keepers, though some fall short. All-rounders who are more prominent bowlers than batsmen typically average something between 20 and 30,15 and under is typical for specialist bowlers. Under this qualification, the highest Test batting average belongs to Australias Sir Donald Bradman, given that a career batting average over 50 is exceptional, and that only four other players have averages over 60, this is an outstanding statistic. The fact that Bradmans average is so far above that of any other cricketer has led several statisticians to argue that, statistically at least, he was the greatest sportsman in any sport. As at 21 October 2016, Adam Voges of Australia has recorded an average of 72.75 from 27 innings played and it should also be remembered, especially in relation to the ODI histogram above, that there were no ODI competitions when Bradman played. If their scores have a geometric distribution then total number of runs scored divided by the number of times out is the maximum likelihood estimate of their true unknown average, Batting averages can be strongly affected by the number of not outs. A different, and more developed, statistic which is also used to gauge the effectiveness of batsmen is the strike rate. It measures a different concept however – how quickly the batsman scores – so it does not supplant the role of batting average and it is used particularly in limited overs matches, where the speed at which a batsman scores is more important than it is in first-class cricket. Table shows players with at least 20 innings completed, in baseball, the batting average is defined by the number of hits divided by at bats. It is usually reported to three places and read without the decimal, A player with a batting average of.300 is batting three-hundred. A point is understood, in only, to be.001. If necessary to break ties, batting averages could be taken beyond the.001 measurement, henry Chadwick, an English statistician raised on cricket, was an influential figure in the early history of baseball
6.
Home run
–
In modern baseball, the feat is typically achieved by hitting the ball over the outfield fence between the foul poles without first touching the ground, resulting in an automatic home run. There is also the home run, increasingly rare in modern baseball. When a home run is scored, the batter is credited with a hit and a run scored. Likewise, the pitcher is recorded as having given up a hit, a batted ball is also a home run if it touches either foul pole or its attached screen before touching the ground, as the foul poles are by definition in fair territory. A batted ball that goes over the wall after touching the ground is not a home run. A fielder is allowed to reach over the wall to attempt to catch the ball as long as his feet are on or over the field during the attempt. If the fielder successfully catches the ball while it is in flight the batter is out, however, since the fielder is not part of the field, a ball that bounces off a fielder and over the wall without touching the ground is still a home run. A home run accomplished in any of the above manners is a home run. This stipulation is in Approved Ruling of Rule 7.10, an inside-the-park home run occurs when a batter hits the ball into play and is able to circle the bases before the fielders can put him out. Unlike with a home run, the batter-runner and all preceding runners are liable to be put out by the defensive team at any time while running the bases. This can only happen if the ball does not leave the ballfield, with outfields much less spacious and more uniformly designed than in the games early days, inside-the-park home runs are now a rarity. They are usually the result of a ball being hit by a very fast runner, either way, this sends the ball into open space in the outfield and thereby allows the batter-runner to circle the bases before the defensive team can put him out. The speed of the runner is crucial as even triples are relatively rare in most modern ballparks, all runs scored on such a play, however, still count. An example of an unexpected bounce occurred during the 2007 Major League Baseball All-Star Game at AT&T Park in San Francisco on July 10,2007, by the time the ball was relayed, Ichiro had already crossed the plate standing up. This was the first inside-the-park home run in All-Star Game history, Home runs are often characterized by the number of runners on base at the time. A home run hit with the bases empty is seldom called a one-run homer, with one runner on base, two runs are scored and thus the home run is often called a two-run homer or two-run shot. Similarly, a home runs with two runners on base is a three-run homer or three-run shot, the term four-run homer is seldom used, instead, it is nearly always called a grand slam. Hitting a grand slam is the best possible result for the turn at bat
7.
Run batted in
–
A run batted in, plural runs batted in, is a statistic in baseball and softball that credits a batter for making a play that allows a run to be scored. For example, if the batter bats a base hit, then another player on a base can go home. Prior to the 1920 Major League Baseball season, runs batted in were not a baseball statistic. Nevertheless, the RBI statistic was tabulated—unofficially—from 1907 through 1919 by baseball writer Ernie Lanigan, common nicknames for an RBI include ribby, rib, and ribeye. The plural of RBI is generally RBIs, although some commentators use RBI as both singular and plural, as it can stand for runs batted in. The official scorers judgment must determine whether a run batted in shall be credited for a run that scores when a fielder holds the ball or throws to a wrong base. The perceived significance of the RBI is displayed by the fact that it is one of the three categories that comprise the triple crown, in addition, career RBIs are often cited in debates over who should be elected to the Hall of Fame. This implies that better offensive teams—and therefore, the teams in which the most players get on base—tend to produce hitters with higher RBI totals than equivalent hitters on lesser-hitting teams, totals are current through October 8,2015
8.
St. Louis Cardinals
–
The St. Louis Cardinals are an American professional baseball team based in St. Louis, Missouri. The Cardinals compete in Major League Baseball as a club of the National League Central division. Busch Stadium has been their home ballpark since 2006, with origins as one of the early professional baseball clubs in St. Upon the discontinuation of the AA, St. Louis joined the NL in 1892, at time, they were called the Browns. One of the most successful franchises in history, the Cardinals have won 11 World Series championships. Their 19 National League pennants rank third in NL history, in addition, St. Louis has won 13 division titles in the East and Central divisions. While still in the AA, St. Louis won four league championships, the Cardinals have won 105 or more games in four different seasons and won 100 or more a total of nine times. Cardinals players have won 20 league MVPs, four batting Triple Crowns, and three Cy Young Awards. Baseball Hall of Fame inductees include Lou Brock, Dizzy Dean, Bob Gibson, Whitey Herzog, Rogers Hornsby, Joe Medwick, Stan Musial, Branch Rickey, Red Schoendienst, Ozzie Smith, and Bruce Sutter. In 2016, Forbes valued the Cardinals at $1.6 billion, making them the 7th-most valuable franchise in MLB, their revenue the year was $300 million. Since their purchase in 1995, owner William DeWitt, Jr. s investment group has seen enormous growth from the $147 million purchase price, John Mozeliak is the general manager and Mike Matheny is the manager. Professional baseball began in St. Louis with the inception of the Brown Stockings in the National Association in 1875, the NA folded following that season, and the next season, St. Louis joined the National League as a charter member, finishing in third place at 45-19. George Bradley hurled the first no-hitter in Major League history, the NL expelled St. Louis from the league after 1877 due to a game-fixing scandal and the team went bankrupt. Without a league, they continued play as a barnstorming team through 1881. For the 1882 season, Chris von der Ahe purchased the team, reorganized it, and made it a member of the American Association. 1882 is generally considered to be the first year existence of the St. Louis Cardinals, the next season, St. Louis shortened their name to the Browns. Soon thereafter they became the dominant team in the AA, as manager Charlie Comiskey guided St. Louis to four pennants in a row from 1885 to 1888. Pitcher and outfielder Bob Caruthers led the league in ERA and wins in 1885 and he also led the AA in OBP and OPS in 1886 and finished fourth in batting average in 1886 and fifth in 1887
9.
1935 Major League Baseball season
–
The 1935 Major League Baseball season. Most Valuable Player Hank Greenberg, Detroit Tigers Gabby Hartnett, Chicago Cubs February 5 – Home run king Babe Ruth is released by the New York Yankees. May 24 – At Crosley Field, the Cincinnati Reds and the visiting Philadelphia Phillies played the first night game, may 25 – Babe Ruth of the Boston Braves goes 4-for-4 with three home runs and six runs batted in. It is the last multi-homer game of Ruths career, with the home run being the first ball ever hit to clear the roof at Forbes Field in Pittsburgh. May 30 – Babe Ruth ends his career with the Boston Braves of the National League. July 8 – At Cleveland Municipal Stadium, home of the Cleveland Indians, august 31 – Vern Kennedy pitches a no-hitter as the Chicago White Sox defeat the Cleveland Indians, 5–0. October 7 – The Detroit Tigers defeat the Chicago Cubs, 4–3, in Game 6 of the World Series to win their first World Championship and this was Detroits first Series victory after failing to win four previous times. November 26 – The National League takes over the bankrupt, last-place Boston Braves franchise after several failed attempts to buy the club, the league takes over only temporarily, until matters can be straightened out
10.
Philadelphia Phillies
–
The Philadelphia Phillies are an American professional baseball franchise based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. They are the oldest continuous, one-name, one-city franchise in all of professional American sports, the Phillies compete in Major League Baseball as a member club of the National League East division. Since 2004, the home has been Citizens Bank Park. The Phillies have won two World Series championships and seven National League pennants, the first of which came in 1915, the franchise has also experienced long periods of struggle. The 77 season drought is the fourth longest World Series drought in Major League Baseball history, the longevity of the franchise and its history of adversity have earned it the dubious distinction of having lost the most games of any team in the history of American professional sports. Despite the teams lack of success historically, they are one of the more successful franchises since the start of the Divisional Era in Major League Baseball. The Phillies have won their division 11 times, which ranks 6th among all teams and 4th in the National League, the franchise was founded in Philadelphia in 1883, replacing the team from Worcester, Massachusetts in the National League. The teams spring training facilities are located in Clearwater, Florida and its Double-A affiliate is the Reading Fightin Phils, which plays in Reading, Pennsylvania, and its Triple-A affiliate is the Lehigh Valley IronPigs, which plays in Allentown, Pennsylvania. After being founded in 1883 as the Quakers, the changed its name to the Philadelphias. This was soon shortened to Phillies, Quakers continued to be used interchangeably with Phillies from 1883 until 1890, when the team officially became known as the Phillies. Player defections to the newly formed American League, especially to the cross-town Philadelphia Athletics, poor fiscal management after their appearance in the 1915 World Series, however, doomed the Phillies to sink back into relative obscurity, from 1918 to 1948 they only had one winning season. Though Chuck Klein won the Most Valuable Player Award in 1932 and the National League Triple Crown in 1933, after lumber baron William B. Cox purchased the team in 1943, the Phillies rose out of the standings cellar for the first time in five years. As a result, the fan base and attendance at home games increased, but it soon became clear that not all was right in Coxs front office. Eventually Cox revealed that he had been betting on the Phillies, the new owner, Bob Carpenter, Jr. scion of the Delaware-based DuPont family, tried to polish the teams image by unofficially changing its name to the Bluejays. However, the new moniker did not take, and it was dropped by 1949. This led to the advent of the Whiz Kids, led by a lineup of players developed by the Phillies farm system that included future Hall of Famers Richie Ashburn. In contrast, the Philadelphia Athletics finished last in 1950 and long-time manager Connie Mack retired, the team struggled on for four more years with only one winning season before abandoning Philadelphia under the Johnson brothers, who bought out Mack. They began play in Kansas City in 1955, as part of the deal selling that team to the Johnson brothers, the Phillies bought Shibe Park, where both teams had played since 1938
11.
Major League Baseball All-Star Game
–
The game usually occurs on either the second or third Tuesday in July, and is meant to mark a symbolic halfway-point in the MLB season. Both of the major leagues share a common All-Star break, with no games scheduled on the day before or two days after the All-Star Game itself. Some additional events and festivities associated with the game take place each year close to, no official MLB All-Star Game was held in 1945 including the official selection of players due to World War II travel restrictions. The first All-Star Game was held on July 6,1933 as part of the 1933 Worlds Fair in Chicago, at Comiskey Park and was initiated by Arch Ward, initially intended to be a one-time event, its great success resulted in making the game an annual one. The venue for the All-Star Game is chosen by Major League Baseball, the criteria for the venue are subjective, generally, cities with new ballparks and those who have not hosted the game in a long time—or ever—tend to get selected. New York City has hosted more than any city, having done so nine times in five different stadiums. At the same time, the New York Mets failed to host for 48 seasons, in the first two decades of the game there were two pairs of teams that shared ballparks, located in Philadelphia and St. Louis. This led to some shorter-than-usual gaps between the use of venues, The Cardinals hosted the game in 1940, and the Browns in 1948. The Athletics hosted the game in 1943, and the Phillies in 1952, the venues traditionally alternate between the American League and National League every year. This tradition has been several times, The first time was in 1951. Detroit Tigers were chosen to host the game as part of the citys 250th birthday. The second was when the format during the 1959–1962 seasons resulted in the A. L. being one game ahead in turn. This was corrected in 2007, when the N. L, San Francisco Giants were the host for the 2007 All-Star Game, which also set up the 2008 game to be held at the A. L. s Yankee Stadium in its final season. This decision was made following the announcement of Miami as host for the 2017 All Star Game, the coaching staff for each team is selected by its manager. This honor is given to the manager, not the team and this happened in 2003, when Dusty Baker managed the National League team despite having moved from the National League champion San Francisco Giants to the Chicago Cubs. This has also included situations where the person is no longer actively managing a team, mcGraw came out of retirement for that purpose. Dick Williams resigned after managing the Oakland Athletics to the 1973 World Series, in 1974, he became manager of the California Angels, whose uniform he wore for the game. Tony La Russa, who managed the World Series champion St. Louis Cardinals in 2011, in 1979, Bob Lemon managed the American League team after having been fired by New York Yankees owner George Steinbrenner
12.
World Series
–
The World Series is the annual championship series of Major League Baseball in North America, contested since 1903 between the American League champion team and the National League champion team. The winner of the World Series championship is determined through a playoff. As the series is played in October, during the season in North America. As of 2016, the World Series has been contested 112 times, with the AL winning 64, the 2016 World Series took place between the Cleveland Indians and the Chicago Cubs. Seven games were played, with the Cubs victorious after game seven, the final score was 8–7, the game went into extra innings after a tied score of 6–6. This was the third World Series won by the Cubs, as well as their first title since 1908, in the National League, the St. As of 2016, no team has won consecutive World Series championships since the New York Yankees in 1998,1999, all championships were awarded to the team with the best record at the end of the season, without a postseason series being played. From 1884 to 1890, the National League and the American Association faced each other in a series of games at the end of the season to determine an overall champion. These series were disorganized in comparison to the modern World Series, the number of games played ranged from as few as three in 1884, to a high of fifteen in 1887. Both the 1885 and 1890 Series ended in ties, each team having won three games with one tie game, the series was promoted and referred to as The Championship of the United States, Worlds Championship Series, or Worlds Series for short. In his book Krakatoa, The Day the World Exploded, August 27,1883, Simon Winchester mentions in passing that the World Series was named for the New York World newspaper, but this view is disputed. Until about 1960, some sources treated the 19th-century Series on a basis with the post-19th-century series. After about 1930, however, many authorities list the start of the World Series in 1903, following the collapse of the American Association after the 1891 season, the National League was again the only major league. The league championship was awarded in 1892 by a playoff between half-season champions and this scheme was abandoned after one season. Beginning in 1893—and continuing until divisional play was introduced in 1969—the pennant was awarded to the club in the standings at the end of the season. For four seasons, 1894–1897, the league played the runners-up in the post season championship series called the Temple Cup. A second attempt at this format was the Chronicle-Telegraph Cup series, in 1901, the American League was formed as a second major league. No championship series were played in 1901 or 1902 as the National and these series were arranged by the participating clubs, as the 1880s Worlds Series matches had been
13.
1942 World Series
–
The 1942 Cardinals set a franchise record for victories with 106. Every Cardinal—except for Harry Gumbert—was a product of the farm system. The Yankees won Game 1 despite a Cardinals rally, but the Cardinals swept the rest, the loss was the Yankees first since the 1926 World Series, also to the Cardinals. They had won eight Series in the interim and had won 32 out of 36 World Series games in that period, including five sweeps. NL St. Louis Cardinals vs. AL New York Yankees In Game 1, in the ninth inning, the Cardinals scored four runs and then managed to load the bases, bringing Stan Musial to the plate as the winning run, only to have Musial ground out. In the top of the ninth, Whitey Kurowski snapped a 2–2 tie with a homer to give the Cardinals the lead. 1942 World Series, St. Louis Cardinals over New York Yankees This World Series was used as a background for the endings in Philip Roths 2004 novel The Plot Against America. Cohen, Richard M. Neft, David S, the World Series, Complete Play-By-Play of Every Game, 1903–1989. Archived from the original on 2008
14.
1946 World Series
–
The 1946 World Series was played in October 1946 between the St. Louis Cardinals and the Boston Red Sox. This was the Red Soxs first appearance in a World Series since their championship of 1918, in the eighth inning of Game 7, with the score 3–3, the Cardinals Enos Slaughter opened the inning with a single but two batters failed to advance him. With two outs, Harry Walker walloped a hit over Johnny Peskys head into left-center field, as Leon Culberson chased it down, Slaughter started his mad dash. Pesky caught Culbersons throw, turned and—perhaps surprised to see Slaughter headed for the plate—supposedly hesitated just a second before throwing home. Roy Partee had to take a few steps up the base line to catch Peskys toss. The Cardinals won the game and the Series in seven games, Boston superstar Ted Williams played the Series injured and was largely ineffective but refused to use his injury as an excuse. As the first World Series to be played after wartime travel restrictions had been lifted, it returned from the 3-4 format to the 2–3–2 format for home teams and it also saw the return of many prominent players from military service. NL St. Louis Cardinals vs. AL Boston Red Sox The Red Sox won Game 1 when Rudy York hit a run into the left field bleachers. The Red Sox scored three runs in the first inning on Rudy Yorks blast then won by a score of 4–0 and this is the only game in World Series history that three players on the same team had four or more hits. Red Sox outfielder Wally Moses got four hits as well and second baseman Bobby Doerr hit a home run. Ted Williams hit a RBI single, his only RBI of the whole Series, Leon Culberson homered while Joe Dobson got the victory for Boston. St. Louis staved off elimination at home, chasing Boston starter Harris with a three-run third, marty Marion added an RBI double in the eighth to back Harry Brecheens second win of the Series. Enos Slaughter scored from first base on a called the Mad Dash. As the runner started, Walker lined the ball to left-center field, as he threw a relay to shortstop Johnny Pesky, Slaughter rounded third base, ignored third base coach Mike Gonzálezs stop sign, and continued for home plate. What exactly happened when Pesky turned around is still a matter of contention, whatever the reason, the delay and a weak and rushed throw home allowed Slaughter to score just as Red Sox catcher Roy Partee caught it up the line from home plate. The run put the Cardinals ahead 4–3 and proved to be the winning run. Harry The Cat Brecheen had come out of the bullpen during Bostons rally in the eighth when the Red Sox had two men on base, and he gave up the double by DiMaggio that tied the game. Brecheen allowed two singles to start the inning, but then retired the Red Sox without giving up a run
15.
St. Louis Cardinals Hall of Fame Museum
–
It is housed within Ballpark Village, a mixed-use development and adjunct of Busch Stadium, the home stadium of the Cardinals. 34 members have been enshrined within the Cardinals Hall of Fame, the International Bowling Museum closed its St. Louis site in November 2008 and moved to Arlington, Texas. The Cardinals Hall of Fame likewise closed when the Bowling Museum moved and suspended public operations, however, the museum staff designed a new hall of fame and museum. The Cardinals moved the museum to the St. Louis Ballpark Village, the new facility was constructed within the Cardinals Hall of Fame and Museum and Cardinal Nation Restaurant in Ballpark Village. In January,2014, Cardinals chairman and chief executive officer William DeWitt, Jr. announced a plan for a formal, annual, Cardinals Hall of Fame induction process. Included components of the voting and induction process are a Red Ribbon committee of experts, a six-week fan voting process in the spring. To be eligible for the Cardinals Hall of Fame, a player must have played three seasons for the Cardinals and have retired from Major League Baseball for at least three years. Players are divided into two categories, modern players and veteran players, players who have been retired 40 or more years are classified as veteran players. Each year, a Red Ribbon committee selects one veteran player to be inducted, the vote is then accomplished on the Cardinals official MLB. com website. The two players with the highest online vote total are inducted, additionally, the team may opt to elect personnel who fulfilled other roles besides playing, such as a coach, broadcaster or front office personnel. The team creates a plaque for each elected member of the Hall, the plaques are created by the same company who creates the plaques for the National Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown. 26 total members were inducted for the first class of 2014, positions that are listed were played the equivalent of a full season for the Cardinals. The Cardinals Hall of Fame and Museum contains over 15,000 total artifacts and 80,000 photographs, Louis Browns Display, a St. Louis Stars Display, and a Temporary Exhibit Room that has included displays on Stan Musial and a history of the Cardinals Farm System. Championship memorabilia A baseball autographed by the 1926 World Series-winning team, including an autograph from Babe Ruth, a 1931 World Series championship ring in its original green case that was awarded to Sparky Adams A program from the first and only all-St
16.
American Association (20th century)
–
The American Association was a minor league baseball league at the Triple-A level of baseball in the United States from 1902 to 1962 and 1969 to 1997. In both incarnations, it comprised teams primarily from Midwestern and South Central United States, later, its teams would also compete in the Triple-A World Series and Triple-A Classic, and its players in the Triple-A All-Star Game. By 1961, the league was down to six clubs, after the 1962 season, the American Association disbanded, and some of its member teams were distributed between the Pacific Coast League and the International League, while others folded. The Indianapolis Indians were first assigned to the IL but then, in a geographic oddity, the Dallas Rangers, the Denver Bears, and the Oklahoma City 89ers also went to the PCL. After the 1997 season, the American Association disbanded for the second time, the Iowa Cubs, Nashville Sounds, New Orleans Zephyrs, Oklahoma City 89ers, and Omaha Royals joined the West Coast Pacific Coast League starting with the 1998 season. The Buffalo Bisons, Indianapolis Indians, and Louisville Redbirds became part of the International League, the Buffalo Bisons were the last league champions in 1997, and the trophy is still in their possession. On and off, from 1905 to 1975, the American Association champion played against the champion from the International League in the Junior World Series, the champions from these two leagues and the Pacific Coast League also met during 1983 at the Triple-A World Series. From 1988 to 1992, the AA and IL voted to play games during the season. From 1988 until the demise in 1997, players from all three Triple-A leagues were selected to play in the mid-season Triple-A All-Star Game. One team was made up of All-Stars from American League affiliates and the other of National League affiliates
17.
1934 World Series
–
The 1934 World Series matched the St. Louis Cardinals against the Detroit Tigers, with the Cardinals Gashouse Gang winning in seven games for their third championship in eight years. The Cards and Tigers split the first two games in Detroit, and Detroit took two of the three in St. Louis. But St. Louis won the two in Detroit, including an 11–0 embarrassment in Game 7 to win the Series. 1934 was the last World Series in which teams were led by player-managers. The two teams have met twice in the World Series since 1934, in 1968 and 2006 and they were the last two 30-game winners in the major leagues, as of 2015. For his top-of-the-sixth triple in Game 7, Joe Medwick slid hard into Tiger third baseman Marv Owen and it was a feat for him to make the catch of a fly ball instead of the orange thrown close to it. Commissioner Landis ordered Medwick out of the game, ending the ruckus, newsreel footage shows Medwick slamming his glove against the dugout bench in disgust. It was the time a Commissioner has ever ejected a player from any major league game. Dizzy Dean nearly took out of the Series on a play in Game 4. In the fourth inning, he pinch-ran and broke up a play the hard way. The great Dean lay unconscious on the field and he was rushed to a hospital for observation, where he was given a clean bill of health. Legend has it that at least one newspaper the day featured the headline. Be that as it may, ol Diz recovered rapidly enough to start Game 5 the very next day, frisch thought about this a moment, then retreated to second. NL St. Louis Cardinals vs. AL Detroit Tigers The series opener in Detroit pitted the Cardinals 30-game winner, Dizzy Dean, the subpar Tiger defense behind the General let him down with five errors and three unearned runs. In the top of the second, the Gashouse Gang loaded the bases with a single, in the third, St. Louis tacked on another run due to more shoddy Detroit fielding. The Gang then exploded for a four-run sixth off Firpo Marberry and Chief Hogsett, as Pepper Martin and Medwick each cracked RBI singles and Bill DeLancey lashed a two-run double to left. Though Detroit put up single runs in the sixth and eighth, they could get no closer, as Dean struck out Gee Walker to give the Cards an 8–3 win and a 1–0 lead in the series. The second game of the Series was much closer than the first, in the top of the second, St. Louis drew first blood on DeLanceys single and Orsattis triple
18.
Dizzy Dean
–
Jay Hanna Dizzy Dean, also known as Jerome Herman Dean, was an American professional baseball player. He played in Major League Baseball as a pitcher for the St. Louis Cardinals, Chicago Cubs, a brash and colorful personality, Dean was the last National League pitcher to win 30 games in one season. After his playing career, he became a television sports commentator. Dean was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1953, when the Cardinals reopened the team Hall of Fame in 2014, Dean was inducted among the inaugural class. Dean was best known for winning 30 games in the 1934 season while leading the 1934 Gashouse Gang St. Louis team to the National League pennant and he had a 30–7 record with a 2.66 ERA during the regular season. His brother, Paul, was also on the team, with a record of 19-11, though Diz sometimes called his brother Daf, he typically referred to himself and his brother as Me an Paul. Continuing the theme, the team included Dazzy Vance and Joe Ducky Medwick, the Gashouse Gang was the southernmost and westernmost team in the major leagues at the time, and became a de facto Americas Team. Team members, particularly Southerners such as the Dean brothers and Pepper Martin, much like later sports legends Joe Namath and Muhammad Ali, Dizzy liked to brag about his prowess and make public predictions. In 1934, Dizzy predicted, Me an Paul are gonna win 45 games, on September 21, Diz pitched no-hit ball for eight innings against the Brooklyn Dodgers, finishing with a three-hit shutout in the first game of a doubleheader, his 27th win of the season. Paul then threw a no-hitter in the nightcap, to win his 18th, gee, Paul, Diz was heard to say in the locker room afterward, if Id a-known you was gonna throw a no-hitter, Id a-throwed one too. He also bet he could strike out Vince DiMaggio four times in one game and he struck him out his first three at-bats, but when DiMaggio hit a popup behind the plate at his fourth, Dean screamed at his catcher, Drop it. The catcher did and Dean fanned DiMaggio, winning the bet, few in the press now doubted Dizs boast, as he was also fond of saying, If ya done it, it aint braggin. Diz finished with 30 wins, the only NL pitcher to do so in the post-1920 live-ball era, the Cards needed them all to edge the Giants for the pennant, setting up a matchup with the American League champion Detroit Tigers. After the season, Dizzy Dean was awarded the National Leagues Most Valuable Player Award, Dean was known for antics which inspired his nickname. In Game 4 of the 1934 World Series against the Detroit Tigers, the next batter hit a potential double play groundball. Intent on avoiding the double play, Dean threw himself in front of the throw to first, the ball struck him on the head, and Dean was knocked unconscious and taken to a hospital. The storied sports-section headline the day said, X-ray of Deans head reveals nothing. The St. Louis Post-Dispatch and the Detroit Free Press merely stated that the X-rays revealed no lasting injury, however, Dean was reported saying his head was too hard for a baseball to hurt it
19.
Joe Medwick
–
Joseph Michael Medwick, nicknamed Ducky, was an American Major League Baseball player. A left fielder for the St. Louis Cardinals during the Gashouse Gang era of the 1930s, he played for the Brooklyn Dodgers, New York Giants. In 1937, Medwick won the National League Triple Crown, Medwick was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame by the Baseball Writers Association of America in 1968, receiving 84. 81% of the votes. In 2014 he became a member of the class of the St. Louis Cardinal Hall of Fame. The son of Hungarian immigrants, Medwick was born and raised in Carteret and he excelled in baseball, basketball, football and track at Carteret High School. University of Notre Dame football coach Knute Rockne made arrangements for Medwick to play football there, Medwick entered professional baseball with the Scottdale Scotties of the Middle Atlantic League in 1930. In 75 games with the Scotties, he had a.419 batting average and 22 home runs and he spent most of the next two seasons with the Houston Buffaloes of the Texas League. He played 161 games for Houston in 1931, hitting.305 with 19 home runs and he played in 139 games for the team the next year, hitting.354 with 26 home runs before being called up to the major leagues. He made his debut with the Cardinals in 1932, by 1934, he hit.319 with 18 home runs and 106 runs batted in. Though Medwick swung at any pitch near the zone, he was difficult to strike out. He became known as one of baseballs rising stars, but it was noted that Medwick had a self-centered nature. Medwicks hard-charging style of play got him pulled out of the game of the 1934 World Series by Commissioner Kenesaw Mountain Landis. This occurred when Detroit Tigers fans started pelting him with garbage after he slid hard into third base on a triple, Landis also ordered Tigers third baseman Marv Owen, into whom Medwick had slid, benched. Medwick remains the only player to be thrown out of a game for his own personal safety. When asked about the incident by reporters after the game, a perplexed Medwick said, Well, what I dont understand is why they brought it to the park in the first place. Medwick won the National League Triple Crown and the NL Most Valuable Player in 1937, in one of the Triple Crown categories, home runs, Medwick finished the season tied with Mel Ott. On June 6 of that season, Medwick hit a run that was later wiped out due to a forfeit. Medwicks 64 doubles in 1936 remains the National League record and he also holds the major league record for consecutive seasons with 40 or more doubles, set from 1933 through 1939
20.
Frankie Frisch
–
Frank Francis Frisch, nicknamed The Fordham Flash or The Old Flash, was a German American Major League Baseball player and manager of the first half of the twentieth century. Frisch was a second baseman who threw right-handed. He played for the New York Giants and St. Louis Cardinals and he managed the Cardinals, Pittsburgh Pirates and Chicago Cubs. He is a member of the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum, born in The Bronx, New York City, Frisch attended Fordham Preparatory School, graduating in 1916. He went on to Fordham University where he continued to star in four sports, baseball, football, basketball and his speed earned him the nickname The Fordham Flash. In 1919, Frisch left Fordham to sign with the New York Giants of the National League and he made an immediate impact, finishing third in the NL in stolen bases and seventh in RBI in 1920, his first full season. Manager John McGraw was so impressed by Frisch that he named him team captain. The Giants played Frisch at both base and second base early in his career, but by 1923 he was installed as the teams full-time second baseman. Frisch batted over.300 in his last six seasons with New York and he was also an expert fielder and a skilled baserunner. In 1921, he led the National League with 48 steals, in 1923 in hits, with Frisch adding his fiery competitiveness to the team, the Giants won the World Series in 1921 and 1922, winning the NL pennant the following two seasons as well. Frisch is tied with Pablo Sandoval for the franchise post-season multi-hit games record of 15, after the 1926 season, Frisch was traded – with pitcher Jimmy Ring – to the St. Louis Cardinals in exchange for star Rogers Hornsby. Playing second base for the Cardinals, Frisch appeared in four more World Series and he was the driving force of the Gashouse Gang, the nickname for the Cardinals clubs of the early 1930s, which were built around him to reflect his no-holds-barred approach. The Cardinals had won only one pennant before Frisch joined the team, Frisch played eleven seasons with the Cardinals. In 1931, he was voted the Most Valuable Player in the National League after batting.311 with 4 home runs,82 RBI, the 1931 Cardinals also triumphed in the World Series, defeating Connie Macks defending two-time champion Philadelphia Athletics in seven games. Frisch became player-manager of the Cardinals in 1933, and was named to the NLs first three All-Star teams from 1933-35, in 1934, he managed the Cardinals to another seven-game World Series victory – this time over the Detroit Tigers. Frisch finished his career in 1937. His career statistics totaled a.316 batting average, still the highest ever for a switch hitter and he also stole 419 bases in his nineteen playing seasons. His hit total stood as the record for switch-hitters until Pete Rose surpassed it in 1977, Frisch also hit.300 for his career from each side of the plate, the only other switch-hitter with more than 5,000 at-bats with this distinction is Chipper Jones
21.
Johnny Mize
–
John Robert Johnny Mize, nicknamed Big Jawn and The Big Cat, was a baseball player who was a first baseman for the St. Louis Cardinals, New York Giants, and New York Yankees. He played in Major League Baseball for 15 seasons between 1936 and 1953, losing three seasons to military service during World War II, late in his career, he played with the Yankees when they won five consecutive World Series. Mize retired in 1953 with 359 career home runs and a.312 batting average and he served as a radio commentator, scout and coach in the major leagues after he retired as a player. He was selected for induction to the Baseball Hall of Fame by the Veterans Committee in 1981, in 2014, he was inducted into the St. Louis Cardinals Hall of Fame Museum. Mize was born in Demorest, Georgia to Edward and Emma Mize, after his parents separated, his mother went to Atlanta for work, but Mize remained in Demorest with his grandmother. He excelled in tennis as a child and played on his high school baseball team and he later played baseball for Piedmont College. Mize was a distant cousin of Ty Cobb and his second cousin married Babe Ruth, Mize came up through the St. Louis Cardinals minor league system but was traded to the Cincinnati Reds in 1934. However, he suffered an injury and the Reds nullified the trade. In 1935, while struggling with one bad leg, he injured the other leg, Mize retired from baseball and returned home until the Cardinals asked him to see a physician in St. Louis. He had surgery for bone spurs and he was kept with the Cardinals in St. Louis after surgery, as he would not have been able to play regularly that season in the minor leagues anyway. The organization thought that he might get some opportunities to hit with the major league team. Mize made his league debut for the Cardinals in 1936. In 126 games, Mize hit for a.329 batting average,19 home runs and 93 runs batted in and he later said, Im the only guy who played in the major leagues because I couldnt play in the minors. Mize was known as both Big Jawn and The Big Cat for his fielding at first base. In 1937 he batted.364, but Cardinals teammate Joe Medwick took the title with a.374 average, in 1939, Mize finished second in the leagues Most Valuable Player voting after leading the league with a.349 average and 28 home runs. Mizes 43 home runs in 1940 set a Cardinals team record that stood for nearly 60 years, at the end of the 1941 season, however, he was traded to the New York Giants by Rickey, who famously believed in trading players before their skills began to decline. In exchange for Mize, the Cardinals received Bill Lohrman, Johnny McCarthy, Ken ODea, Mize was involved in a 1941 lawsuit against Gum Products Inc. The company manufactured a set of cards called Double Play
22.
Enos Slaughter
–
Enos Bradsher Slaughter, nicknamed Country, was an American Major League Baseball right fielder. He played for 19-seasons on four major teams from 1938–1942. He is noted primarily for his playing for the St. Louis Cardinals and is best known for scoring the winning run in Game Seven of the 1946 World Series. A ten time All-Star, he has elected to both the National Baseball Hall of Fame and the St. Louis Cardinals Hall of Fame. Slaughter was born in Roxboro, North Carolina, where he earned the nickname Country, and joined the St. Louis Cardinals in 1938 before being traded to the New York Yankees in 1954. When Slaughter was a minor leaguer in Columbus, Georgia, he went running towards the dugout from his position in the outfield, slowed down near the infield, manager Eddie Dyer told him, Son, if youre tired, well try to get you some help. During the remainder of his career, Slaughter ran everywhere he went on a baseball field. In 1937, he had 245 hits and 147 runs scored for Columbus, Slaughter batted left-handed and threw right-handed. He was renowned for his swing that made him a reliable contact hitter. Slaughter had 2,383 hits in his career, including 169 home runs. Slaughter played 19 seasons with the Cardinals, Yankees, Kansas City Athletics, during that period, he was a 10-time All-Star and played in five World Series. His 1,820 games played ranks fourth in Cardinals history behind Ozzie Smith, Lou Brock and he presently ranks second in RBIs with 1,148, fifth in ABs with 6,775, and sixth in doubles with 366. Immediately upon return from his service in 1946, he led the National League with 130 RBI. The hit was ruled a double, though most observers felt it should have ruled a single. This play was named #10 on the Sporting News list of Baseballs 25 Greatest Moments in 1999, Slaughter was known for his hustle, especially for running hard to first base on walks, a habit later imitated by Pete Rose and David Eckstein. Slaughter retired from major league baseball in 1959 and he was a player-manager in 1960 for a minor league team in Houston and for Raleigh in 1961. Slaughter coached baseball for Duke University from 1971 to 1977, enos Slaughter is a cousin of Henry Slaughter, southern gospel musician. Slaughter died at age 86, on August 12,2002 and he was scheduled for an autograph appearance in St. Louis, Missouri before he died
23.
Stan Musial
–
Stanley Frank Stan Musial, nicknamed Stan the Man, was an American Major League Baseball outfielder and first baseman. He spent 22 seasons playing for the St. Louis Cardinals, Louis Cardinals Hall of Fame in the inaugural class of 2014. He also shares the league record for the most All-Star Games played with Hank Aaron. Musial was born in Donora, Pennsylvania, where he played baseball informally or in organized settings. Signed to a contract by the St. Louis Cardinals as a pitcher in 1938. Noted for his batting stance, he quickly established himself as a consistent. In his first full season,1942, the Cardinals won the World Series, the following year, he led the NL in six different offensive categories and earned his first MVP award. He was also named to the NL All-Star squad for the first time, Musial won his second World Series championship in 1944, then missed the entire 1945 season while serving in the Navy. After completing his service during the war, Musial returned to baseball in 1946. That year he earned his second MVP award and third World Series title and his third MVP award came in 1948, when he finished one home run short of winning baseballs Triple Crown. After struggling offensively in 1959, Musial used a personal trainer to maintain his productivity until he decided to retire in 1963. At the time of his retirement, he held or shared 17 major league records,29 National League records and he also became noted for his harmonica playing, a skill he acquired during his playing career. Known for his modesty and sportsmanship, Musial was selected for the Major League Baseball All-Century Team in 1999. In February 2011, President Barack Obama presented Musial with the Presidential Medal of Freedom, Musial was born in Donora, Pennsylvania, the fifth of the six children of Lukasz and Mary Musiał. Musial frequently played baseball with his brother Ed and other friends during his childhood, Musial also had the benefit of learning about baseball from his neighbor Joe Barbao, a former minor league pitcher. When he enrolled in school, his name was changed to Stanley Frank Musial. At age 15 Musial joined the Donora Zincs, a team managed by Barbao. In his Zincs debut he pitched 6 innings and struck out 13 batters and his exploits as a rising player in Pennsylvania earned him the nickname The Donora Greyhound
24.
National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum
–
The National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum is an American history museum and hall of fame, located at 25 Main Street in Cooperstown, New York, and operated by private interests. The Halls motto is Preserving History, Honoring Excellence, Connecting Generations, the word Cooperstown is often used as shorthand for the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum. The Hall of Fame was established in 1939 by Stephen Carlton Clark, Clark had sought to bring tourists to a city hurt by the Great Depression, which reduced the local tourist trade, and Prohibition, which devastated the local hops industry. A new building was constructed, and the Hall of Fame was dedicated on June 12,1939, the erroneous claim that U. S. Civil War hero Abner Doubleday invented baseball in Cooperstown was instrumental in the early marketing of the Hall. An expanded library and research facility opened in 1994, dale Petroskey became the organizations president in 1999. In 2002, the Hall launched Baseball As America, an exhibit that toured ten American museums over six years. The Hall of Fame has since also sponsored educational programming on the Internet to bring the Hall of Fame to schoolchildren who might not visit, the Hall and Museum completed a series of renovations in spring 2005. The Hall of Fame also presents an annual exhibit at FanFest at the Major League Baseball All-Star Game, Jeff Idelson replaced Petroskey as president on April 16,2008. In 2012, Congress passed and President Barack Obama signed a law ordering the United States Mint to produce and sell commemorative, non-circulating coins to benefit the private, non-profit Hall. The bill, House Bill H. R.2527, was introduced in the United States House of Representatives by Rep. Richard Hanna, a Republican from New York, the coins, which depict baseball gloves and balls, are the first concave designs produced by the Mint. The mintage included 50,000 gold coins,400,000 silver coins, the Mint released them on March 27,2014, and the gold and silver editions quickly sold out. The Hall receives money from surcharges included in the sale price,114 members of the Hall of Fame have been inducted posthumously, including four who died after their selection was announced. Of the 35 Negro league members,29 were inducted posthumously, the Hall of Fame includes one female member, Effa Manley. The newest inductees, enshrined on July 24,2016, are players Mike Piazza, the incoming class of 2017, to be formally enshrined on July 30, consists of executives John Schuerholz and Bud Selig and players Jeff Bagwell, Tim Raines, and Iván Rodríguez. In addition to honoring Hall of Fame inductees, the National Baseball Hall of Fame has presented 40 men with the Ford C, while Frick and Spink Award honorees are not members of the Hall of Fame, they are recognized in an exhibit in the Hall of Fames library. ONeil Award honorees are also not Hall of Fame members, but are listed alongside a permanent statue of the namesake and first recipient, Buck ONeil. From a final ballot typically including 25–40 candidates, each writer may vote for up to 10 players, until the late 1950s, any player named on 75% or more of all ballots cast is elected. A player who is named on fewer than 5% of ballots is dropped from future elections, players receiving 5% or more of the votes but fewer than 75% are reconsidered annually until a maximum of ten years of eligibility
25.
Gold Glove
–
Managers are not permitted to vote for their own players. Additionally, a sabermetric component provided by Society for American Baseball Research accounts for approximately 25 percent of the vote, eighteen Gold Gloves are awarded each year, one at each of the nine positions in each league. In 1957, the glove manufacturer Rawlings created the Gold Glove Award to commemorate the best fielding performance at each position. The award was created from a made from gold lamé-tanned leather. For the first four seasons of the award, individual awards were presented to left fielders, center fielders, from 1961 through 2010, the phrase at each position was no longer strictly accurate, since the prize was presented to three outfielders irrespective of their specific position. Any combination of outfielders, often three center fielders, could win the award in the same year, critics called for awarding a single Gold Glove for each individual outfield position, arguing that the three outfield positions are not equivalent defensively. Starting in 2011, separate awards for each position were once again presented. In the 1985 American League voting, a tie for third-place resulted in the presentation of Gold Glove Awards to four outfielders, the Gold Gloves are selected by managers and coaches that may have seen a player as few as six times during the season. Bill Chuck of Comcast SportsNet New England wrote that Gold Glove voters frequently counted only errors to determine winners, geoff Baker of The Seattle Times said the votes for the Gold Gloves rely largely on a players past reputation. The Associated Press wrote that fans have viewed the Gold Gloves as mostly a popularity contest. Derek Jeter, winner of five Gold Gloves, believes that many defensive factors cannot be quantified, in 2013, Rawlings collaborated on the Gold Glove Award with SABR, who provided the SABR Defensive Index to add a sabermetric component to the selection process. The index accounted for 25 percent of the vote, while managers, afterwards, Jay Jaffe of Sports Illustrated wrote that the Gold Gloves appear to have significantly closed the gap on their more statistically-driven counterparts. The most Gold Gloves ever won by one player is 18 by pitcher Greg Maddux and he won 13 consecutive awards from 1990 to 2002, all in the National League. Brooks Robinson has the most wins as a third baseman, with 16 Gold Gloves, and is tied for the second-highest total overall with pitcher Jim Kaat, Iván Rodríguez has won the most Gold Gloves as a catcher, with 13 career awards in the American League. Ozzie Smith has 13 wins at shortstop, he and Rodríguez are tied for the fourth-highest total among all winners, among outfielders, Roberto Clemente and Willie Mays, who played primarily right field and center field, respectively, are tied for the lead with 12 Gold Gloves. Keith Hernandez, the leader at first base, has won 11 times, other players with 10 or more wins include shortstop Omar Vizquel, catcher Johnny Bench, third baseman Mike Schmidt, and outfielders Ken Griffey Jr. Ichiro Suzuki, Andruw Jones, and Al Kaline. The only player to win Gold Gloves as an infielder and outfielder is Darin Erstad, the only other player to win Gold Gloves at multiple positions is Plácido Polanco, who won at second base and third base. In 2016, Rawlings announced it would begin awarding a gold glove annually to a female fastpitch softball player in the National Pro Fastpitch league, NPF coaches and managers vote for a winner
26.
Coach (baseball)
–
In baseball, a number of coaches assist in the smooth functioning of a team. They are assistants to the manager, who determines the lineup, beyond the manager, more than a half dozen coaches may assist the manager in running the team. Baseball is unique in that the manager and coaches typically all wear numbered uniforms similar to those of the players. After the widespread adoption of numbered uniforms in the early 1930s, Joe McCarthy, another Hall of Fame manager, wore a full uniform, coincidentally, all three men retired during or after the same season —1950. Full-time coaches in professional baseball date to 1909, when John McGraw of the New York Giants engaged Arlie Latham, by the 1920s, most Major League teams had two full-time coaches, although the manager often doubled as third-base coach and specialists such as pitching coaches were rare. Batting and bench coaches came into vogue during the 1960s and later, because of the proliferation of uniformed coaches in the modern game, Major League Baseball now restricts the number of uniformed staff to six coaches and one manager during the course of a game. There are 268 coaches in MLB, the first bench coach in baseball was George Huff, who took that helm for the Illinois Fighting Illini baseball in 1905, at the time, it meant a coach present throughout the season. More recently, the coach is a teams second-in-command. The bench coach serves as an advisor to the manager, offering situational advice. If the manager is ejected, suspended, or unable to attend a game for any reason, if the manager is fired or resigns during the season, it is usually the bench coach who gets promoted to interim manager. The bench coachs responsibilities also include helping to set up the practice and stretching routines before a game. A pitching coach mentors and trains teams pitchers and he advises the manager on the condition of pitchers and their arms, and serves as an in-game coach for the pitcher currently on the mound. When a manager makes a visit to the mound, he typically is doing so to make a change or to discuss situational defense. However, to talk about mechanics or how to pitch to a particular batter, the pitching coach is generally a former pitcher. One exception is Dave Duncan, the pitching coach of the St. Louis Cardinals. Prior to the early 1950s, pitching coaches were former catchers. The bullpen coach is similar to a coach, but works primarily with relief pitchers in the bullpen. He does not make mound visits, however, as he stays in the bullpen the entire game, generally, the bullpen coach is either a former pitcher or catcher
27.
Scout (sport)
–
Advance scouts watch the teams that their teams are going to play in order to help determine strategy. Many scouts are former coaches or retired players, while others have made a career just of being scouts, Major League scouts and professional scouts typically track active players under contract to other teams for potential acquisition. They also may support advance scouts or evaluate competing minor league organizations, per their designation, the former follow players in MLB, while pro scouts work minor league and independent league baseball. Amateur scouts evaluate high school and college players and prepare their MLB teams for the June amateur draft. To ensure that players are seen by multiple evaluators, amateur scouts are usually divided into area scouts, regional cross-checkers, international scouts cover players not from the United States, Puerto Rico and other U. S. territories, or Canada. Modern day scouts are becoming more and more reliant on computer programs to aid, many professional sport clubs now use computers to organize their collected information and data. Most sports still depend on human management to decide which players their organization will draft or sign, steve Belichick — late assistant coach and scout for the United States Naval Academy, author of Football Scouting Methods, and father of the NFL coach. Dick Haley — architect of 1970s Pittsburgh Steelers dynasty Bill Nunn — legendary scout for Pittsburgh Steelers Will Robinson- also scouted for the NFLs Detroit Lions. Kevin Mackey, Indiana Pacers Piet de Visser Geoff Twentyman Les Kershaw Jack Hixon Marco Zunino Liam Brady Pierluigi Casiraghi Jorge Alvial Håkan Andersson Garnet Bailey Jordan, occasional Glory, The History of the Philadelphia Phillies. ISBN 0-7864-1260-7 Robbins, Mike, Ninety Feet from Fame, Close Calls With Baseball Immortality, crowning the Kansas City Royals, Remembering the 1985 World Series Champs. Prophet of the Sandlots, Journeys with a Major League Scout
28.
Steve O'Neill
–
Stephen Francis ONeill was an American professional baseball player and manager. He played in Major League Baseball as a catcher, most notably with the Cleveland Indians. Other notable members of the ONeill family were Jack, a catcher in the National League, Mike, a pitcher in the NL, and Jim. Kashatus noted that Michael and Jack would become the first brother battery in major league history, the ONeill brothers were known to exchange their signals in Gaelic in order to fool the opposing coaches. Steve had by far the most successful playing career of the ONeill brothers and he played with the Cleveland Indians, Boston Red Sox, New York Yankees, and St. Louis Browns. When his playing career ended, ONeill turned to managing in the minors and gained a reputation for cultivating talented young players and he managed the Toronto Maple Leafs, Toledo Mud Hens, Buffalo Bisons and Beaumont Exporters. As a big league manager with four teams—the Indians, Tigers, Red Sox and his Tigers won the 1945 World Series and ONeill was known for turning around under-performing teams, often in mid-season. His career winning percentage over 14 seasons was a stalwart.559 and he also served as a coach for Cleveland, Detroit and Boston. Legendary players who benefited from ONeills guidance included Lou Boudreau, Bob Feller, Hal Newhouser, ONeill was inducted into the International League Hall of Fame. He was also a member of the Cleveland Indians Hall of Fame. ONeill died at age 70 in Cleveland, Ohio, after suffering a heart attack, diamonds in the Coalfields,21 Remarkable Baseball Players, Managers, and Umpires from Northeast Pennsylvania. Jefferson, North Carolina, McFarland & Company, ISBN 978-0-7864-1176-4. com Steve ONeill at Find a Grave
29.
Dugout to Foxhole
–
Dugout to Foxhole, Interviews with Baseball Players Whose Careers Were Affected by World War II is a 1994 book written by Rick Van Blair. The book has been cited as a source for other baseball books. The book contains interviews with the players, Dick Bartell – Infielder with the Pittsburgh Pirates, New York Giants. Bartell had a reputation as a rowdy and excitable player, not mentioned in the book, Bartell served in the U. S. Navy from 1943–1945. Jimmy Bloodworth – Primarily a second baseman, Bloodworth played every position in the game during his career except pitcher and catcher, teams that Bloodworth played for included the Washington Senators, Detroit Tigers, Pittsburgh Pirates, Cincinnati Reds, and Philadelphia Phillies. Bloodworths military service is not discussed in Van Blairs book, bloodworths time in the service was spent wholly at Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri. Bloodworth died at the age of 85 in Apalachicola, Florida, mace Brown – A native of North English, Iowa, Brown played for the Pittsburgh Pirates, Brooklyn Dodgers, and Boston Red Sox. During his career, Brown served in the U. S. Navy from 1944–1945, a relief pitcher, Brown is best remembered for giving up a walk off home run to Gabby Hartnett that allowed the Chicago Cubs to take the 1938 National League pennant from the Pirates. Known as the Homer in the Gloamin, the play haunted Brown for the remainder of his life, after his career ended, Brown worked as a scout for the Red Sox and signed Hall of Fame player Jim Rice. In 1992, Brown died in Greensboro, North Carolina at the age of 92, Harry Craft – Craft played center field for the Cincinnati Reds from 1937–1942 and was a member of their World Series teams in 1939 and 1940. Craft served in the Navy from 1942–1946, after his military service time was over, Craft returned to baseball but never made it back to the major leagues. In 1948, Craft began a career as a manager. In 1995, Craft died in Conroe, Texas at the age of 80, Harry Danning – A four time all-star Danning was one of baseballs premier catchers in the 1930s. He spent his career with the New York Giants and played on their 1936 and 1937 World Series teams. Nicknamed The Horse, Danning served in the U. S. Army from 1943–1946, in 2004, Danning died at the age of 93 in Valparaiso, Indiana. Not mentioned in Van Blairs book is that Ferriss was drafted into the Army in 1942, for three years, Ferriss was a physical fitness instructor at Randolph Field in Texas before being discharged for a worsening asthmatic condition in 1945. After a brief stint as a coach for the Red Sox, Ferriss returned to his native Mississippi and was hired as the baseball coach for Delta State University. Ferriss has received honors in his life and is a member of both the Boston Red Sox Hall of Fame and the Mississippi Sports Hall of Fame
30.
Find a Grave
–
Find a Grave is a website that allows the public to search and add to an online database of cemetery records. It is owned by Ancestry. com, the worlds largest for-profit genealogy company, the site was created in 1995 by Salt Lake City resident Jim Tipton to support his hobby of visiting the burial sites of celebrities. He later added an online forum, Find a Grave was launched as a commercial entity in 1998, first as a trade name and then incorporated in 2000. The site later expanded to include graves of non-celebrities, in order to allow visitors to pay respect to their deceased relatives or friends. In 2013, Tipton sold Find a Grave to Ancestry. com, burial information is a wonderful source for people researching their family history. In a September 30,2013, press release, Ancestry, as of March 2017, Find a Grave contained over 159 million burial records and 75 million photos. The website contains listings of cemeteries and graves from around the world, american cemeteries are organized by state and county, and many cemetery records contain Google Maps and photographs of the cemeteries and gravesites. Individual grave records may contain dates and places of birth and death, biographical information, cemetery and plot information, photographs, Interment listings are added by individuals, genealogical societies, and other institutions such as the International Wargraves Photography Project. Contributors must register as members to submit listings, called memorials, the submitter becomes the manager of the listing but may transfer management. Only the current manager of a listing may edit it, although any member may use the features to send correction requests to the listings manager. Managers may add links to other listings of deceased spouses, parents, members may post requests for photos of a specific grave, these requests will be automatically sent to other members who have registered their location as being near that grave. Find a Grave also maintains lists of memorials of famous persons by their claim to fame, such as Medal of Honor recipients, religious figures, Find a Grave exercises editorial control over these listings. Canadian Headstones Interment. net National Cemetery Administrations Nationwide Gravesite Locator Random Acts of Genealogical Kindness Tombstone tourist Colker, web site answers grave concerns about stars. Web site attracts millions of grave-seekers, Find VIPs who R. I. P. through online cemetery. Genealogy, Find a Grave tremendous on many different levels, terre Haute, Indiana, Community Newspaper Holdings Inc. Archived from the original on May 14,2011, tip, Find a Grave has info youre dying to know. Tracking Down Relatives, Visiting Graves Virtually, media related to Images from Find A Grave at Wikimedia Commons Official website
31.
Whitey Kurowski
–
George John Kurowski was a third baseman in Major League Baseball who played his entire career for the St. Louis Cardinals. He debuted on September 23,1941, and played his game on October 1,1949. In a nine-season career, Kurowski posted a.286 batting average with 106 home runs and 529 RBI in 916 games played, kurowskis childhood nickname came from his already white hair. A native of Reading, Pennsylvania, Kurowski overcame several personal problems, Kurowski overcame childhood osteomyelitis, which made him miss a part of a bone on his right forearm. Before he started his career, his older brother died in a mine accident. His most productive came in 1947, when he posted career-highs in average, home runs, RBI, runs, doubles, slugging %. An All-Star during five seasons, Kurowski exceeded the 20 home run mark three times to set a major league record for a third baseman, and hit over.300 three times. He also led the National League three times in putouts, twice in fielding %, and once in double plays. In four World Series appearances, Kurowski hit.253 with one run and nine RBI in 23 games. His only home run in the Series, in 1942, off Red Ruffing and he also appeared five times in the MVP ballot, in 1942 and from 1944 through 1947. In 1949, Kurowski developed arm and elbow problems and his career ended. After that, he coached and managed in the leagues for 18 years until 1972. He gained induction into the National Polish-American Hall of Fame in 1988, in an article in 1976 in Esquire magazine, sportswriter Harry Stein published an All Time All-Star Argument Starter, consisting of five ethnic baseball teams. Kurowski was the third baseman on Steins Polish team, Kurowski died in Sinking Spring, Pennsylvania, at age 81. Van Lingle Mungo Career statistics and player information from Baseball-Reference Baseball Almanac Baseball Library BR Bullpen Whitey Kurowski at Find a Grave Retrosheet The Deadball Era
32.
Jimmy Brown (baseball)
–
James Roberson Brown was a Major League Baseball infielder and coach. Born in Jamesville, North Carolina, he played baseball for the North Carolina State College Wolfpack. He signed with the St. Louis Cardinals afterwards and made his league debut two days before his 27th birthday. He made an impact, not only scoring 9 triples his rookie year. His 1938 season was not as impressive, but he did manage to increase his batting average over.300, Brown had a career year in 1939, not only leading the league in at-bats with 645, but finishing 6th in MVP voting. After a decent season in 1940, he back with another great year in 1941, tying a career high in triples with 9, earning a career high batting average with.306. This, however, was not enough to earn an all-star appearance. In 1942 he managed to earn his lone all-star appearance and finish 13th in MVP voting, despite this and leading the league in at-bats with 606, his batting average dipped to.256, a career low. Despite this, during the 1942 World Series, he led all Cardinals hitters in batting average with.300 en route to their World Series victory, Brown enlisted in the United States Army Air Forces after playing 34 games during the 1943 season. Upon retirement, he became a manager in the Pittsburgh farm system, with the Indianapolis Indians in 1947, Brown then returned to the National League as a coach for the Boston Braves, working for three seasons under his old Cardinal skipper, Billy Southworth. After leaving Boston in 1952, he was a manager for minor league teams in the systems of the Cardinals, Braves. He died December 29,1977 in Bath, North Carolina, career statistics and player information from Baseball-Reference Jimmy Brown at Baseball Almanac
33.
Marty Marion
–
Martin Whiteford Marion was an American professional baseball player and manager. He played as a shortstop in Major League Baseball from 1940 to 1953, Marion played with the St. Louis Cardinals for the majority of his career before ending with the St. Louis Browns as a player-manager. He later became the manager of the Chicago White Sox, Marion was born in Richburg, South Carolina. He grew up in Atlanta, where he attended Tech High School and his older brother, Red Marion, was briefly an outfielder in the American League and a long-time manager in the minor leagues. Nicknamed Slats, Marion had unusually long arms which reached for grounders like tentacles, from 1940-50, Marion led the National League shortstops in fielding percentage four times, despite several other players being moved around the infield during these years. In 1941 he played all 154 games at shortstop and in 1947 he made only 15 errors for a consistent.981 percentage, Marion was also a better-than-average hitter for a shortstop. His most productive came in 1942, when he hit.276 with a league-leading 38 doubles. In the 1942 World Series, one of four series in which he participated with the Cardinals, in 1943 he batted a career-high.280 in the regular season and hit.357 in the 1943 World Series. He played with many second basemen throughout his career, including Frank Creepy Crespi, Marion commented after the 41 season that Crespis play was the best he ever saw by a second baseman. Crespi once took on Joe Medwick on the field when he was trying to intimidate Marion and they remained friends until Crespis death in 1990. In 1951 Marion managed the Cardinals and was replaced by Eddie Stanky at the end of the season and he moved to the American League Browns and took over for manager Rogers Hornsby early in 1952 as their player-manager. The last manager in St. Louis Browns history, he was let go after the 1953 season when the Browns moved to Baltimore. Marion led the White Sox for two and half seasons, finishing each time, before he stepped down at the end of the 1956 season. In 1958, Marion purchased the Double-A minor league Houston Buffaloes from the St. Louis Cardinals and he later sold the team to a group led by William Hopkins on August 16,1960. Hopkins then sold the team to the Houston Sports Association led by Roy Hofheinz who had obtained a major franchise in the National League which became the Houston Astros. In a 13-season career, Marion posted a.263 batting average with 36 home runs and 624 RBI in 1572 games and he made All-Star Game appearances from 1943–44 and 1946–1950. In 1944 he earned the National League Most Valuable Player Award, as a manager, he compiled a 356-372 record. Marion died of an apparent heart attack on March 15,2011
34.
Creepy Crespi
–
Frank Angelo Joseph Creepy Crespi was a Major League Baseball player who played infielder from 1938-1942 for the St. Louis Cardinals. He made his league debut on 14 September 1938 playing second base for the Cardinals. In 1951, longtime Cardinals star shortstop Marty Marion praised Crespi as the best defensive second baseman hed ever played with, for one year—1941—Crespi was the best second baseman I ever saw. Frank Crespis nickname, Creepy, is considered one of the more colorful. In a 1977 radio interview with future hall-of-fame broadcaster Jack Buck, Jack followed up with, Why do they call you that. Crespi replied, Well, its an involved thing. I used to hear a lot of different stories, but I think the best one is some sportswriter. He said the way I creep up on a ball, because I run low to the ground after a ground ball, although Crespi lost the starting second base job for the Cardinals in 1942 to Jimmy Brown, he still appeared in 93 games that season. The Cardinals won the National League pennant and played the New York Yankees in the 1942 World Series, Crespi played in one game in the World Series, serving as a pinch runner in game 1, and scoring a run. The Cardinals won the series, four games to one, Crespi was drafted into the army in early 1943. Though he qualified for a deferment as the supporter of his elderly mother, he refused, claiming. During an Army baseball game in Kansas, he suffered a fracture of his left leg while turning a double play. Soon afterwards, he broke the leg during a training accident. According to Marty Marion, a total of 23 operations were performed on Crespis leg, in an attempt to qualify for the major league pension plan, Crespi applied various times as coach. Unable to obtain the position, he became a budget analyst for McDonnell Douglas and this discovery entitled Crespi to his major league pension. Crespi died of an attack on 1 March 1990 in Florissant. Career statistics and player information from Baseball-Reference
35.
Harry Walker
–
Harry William Walker, known to baseball fans of the middle 20th century as Harry the Hat, was an American baseball player, manager and coach. Born in Pascagoula, Mississippi, Harry was a member of a baseball family. He was the son of former Washington Senators pitcher Ewart Dixie Walker and the brother of Fred Dixie Walker, like Harry an outfielder, left-handed hitter and he was also the nephew of fellow Major League outfielder Ernie Walker. Harry the Hat got his nickname from his habit during at-bats of continually adjusting his cap between pitches—there were no batting helmets in his day. His batting title came in 1947, when he hit.363 in a season during which he was traded from his original team, the previous year he was one of the stars of the Cardinals’1946 World Series championship team. He knocked in six runs during that Series, and batted.412, Harry and Dixie are the only brothers in MLB history to win batting titles, Dixie won the National League batting title with a.363 average. However, the change backfired, the Cards plummeted two places in the standings under Walker, losing 67 of 118 games, Harry was replaced by Fred Hutchinson at the end of the 1955 season, and it would be another decade before he would again manage in the majors. During that exile, he returned to the Cardinal farm system to manage, after piloting the Jacksonville Suns to the 1964 International League pennant, Walker was hired by the Pittsburgh Pirates as manager, replacing Danny Murtaugh, who stepped down for health reasons. Although the Pirates did not win a pennant during Walkers first two seasons, he made an immediate impact and his skill as a batting coach was an important factor in the transformation of the Pirates into the National Leagues top offensive team. The Pirates battled for the pennant until the days of the 1965 and 1966 seasons—each year finishing third behind the champion Los Angeles Dodgers. Less than a later, Walker was hired to be the organizational batting coach for the Houston Astros. Featuring players like Joe Morgan, Jimmy Wynn, and Don Wilson, the Astros finished last in 1968, in 1969, they contended for the National League West Division title before fading to finish 12 games behind the Atlanta Braves. Over his managing career, he won 630 games, losing 604, after his firing, Walker returned to the Cardinals as a hitting instructor. Walker served as the baseball coach at the University of Alabama at Birmingham from 1979 to 1986. He was the programs first coach, in ten seasons he compiled a record of 211-171, good for a.552 winning percentage. In 1981 the Blazers were the champions of the Sun Belt Conferences North Division in just the year of the programs existence. The Blazers repeated as North Division champions in 1982, Walker was profiled quite flatteringly in Jim Boutons memoir of the 1969 season, Ball Four. In the book, Walker is seen as a manager who has good advice for his charges
36.
Johnny Hopp
–
John Leonard Hopp was a Major League Baseball outfielder and first baseman. He was an All-Star in 1946, Hopp was born in Hastings, Nebraska. He died, aged 86, in Scottsbluff, Nebraska, the book Carl Erskines Tales from the Dodgers Dugout, Extra Innings includes short stories from former Dodger pitcher Carl Erskine. Hopp is featured in a number of these stories
