Tessarakonteres
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Tessarakonteres, or simply "forty", was a very large catamaran galley reportedly built in the Hellenistic period by Ptolemy IV Philopator of Egypt. It was described by a number of ancient sources, inc
The tessarakonteres, 1858 illustration
Ptolemy IV, who ordered the ship built
Speculative illustration of the Tessarakonteres with catamaran hulls, as Casson suggests
Djong
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The djong, jong, jung, or original junk is a type of sailing ship originating from Java that was widely used by Javanese sailors. The word was and is spelled jong in its languages of origin, the "djon
Tessarakonteres
…Leontophoros, another Hellenistic ship with disputed length Jong, a type of large Javanese ship, some are noted to be larger than the largest Portuguese ships List of longest wooden ships…
Depiction of a three-masted Javanese jong in Banten, by Hieronymus Megiser, 1610
Early European illustration of jongs and other smaller craft in Banten (D'Eerste Boeck, c. 1599), note the double rudders which distinguished Southeast Asian ships from the Chinese chuán which had a central rudder; a 32–40-ton djong is depicted on the right with 2 tanja sails, a bowsprit sail, and the bridge (an opening in the lower deck)
A Javanese sailor
A bronze cannon, called a cetbang, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, from ca. 1470–1478 Majapahit; notice the Surya Majapahit emblem on the cannon