Tessera
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A tessera is an individual tile, usually formed in the shape of a square, used in creating a mosaic. It is also known as an abaciscus or abaculus.
Tesserae of a mosaic of doves drinking at a golden basin, 1st century AD, National Archaeological Museum, Naples, Italy
Apse mosaic of the Virgin Mother and Child, Hagia Sophia, featuring intensely luminous golden tesserae
Wooden block with hammer and hardy for cutting mosaic tiles.
Tessellation
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A tessellation or tiling is the covering of a surface, often a plane, using one or more geometric shapes, called tiles, with no overlaps and no gaps. In mathematics, tessellation can be generalized to
Tessera
…Various household objects, including pottery shards, can be used, especially in trencadís or pique assiette technique. Tessellation – describes tessellation patterns Mosaic – describes techniques for assembling tesserae into a design…
Zellige terracotta tiles in Marrakesh, forming edge‑to‑edge, regular and other tessellations
A wall sculpture in Leeuwarden celebrating the artistic tessellations of M. C. Escher
A temple mosaic from the ancient Sumerian city of Uruk IV (3400–3100 BC), showing a tessellation pattern in coloured tiles
Roman rhombille mosaic