Textual criticism or textology of the Primary Chronicle or Tale of Bygone Years aims to reconstruct the original text by comparing extant witnesses. This has included the search for reliable textual w
Copy of the calling of the Varangians text as preserved in the Laurentian Codex
Varangians native lable name 07
Laurentian Codex (click for full PDF)
Hypatian Codex (click for full PDF)
Hypatian Codex
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The Hypatian Codex, also known as Hypatian Letopis or Ipatiev Letopis, is a compendium of three Rus' chronicles: the Primary Chronicle, Kievan Chronicle and Galician–Volhynian Chronicle. It is the mos
Hypatian Codex critical edition 1871
