1.
Tightwad Hill
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Tightwad Hill is the popular name for Charter Hill, the hill rising to the east of California Memorial Stadium at the University of California, Berkeley. Tightwad Hill is so named as it affords a view of the stadiums field, allowing fans of the Golden Bears to see the game live. The hill usually has its occupants, even when the stadium sports empty seats, Tightwad Hill is part of Charter Hill, the area behind campus that also encompasses the Big C. Tightwad Hill rises steeply about 100 feet above the east rim of the stadium, created when Memorial Stadium was built in 1923, Tightwad Hill was created from the dirt removed during the excavation of lower Strawberry Canyon. Due to the stadium being sold out for the game, fans, there are and have been many unique features on the hill over the years. Some of the current items include, A bench that was built in a tree over 20 years ago. Another tree fell into it during the winter of 2013/2014 and, along with other affected by old age. Parts of the bench though have been saved for use somewhere in the main seating area of the Hill. Tightwad Country Club Bench 2.0, which is a version of the bench that was in the same spot from 2004 to 2007 nailed to the base of a tree below the Country Club. The new bench made its debut during the 115th Big Game on October 20th,2012, in 2006, the Regents of the University of California began considering a major renovation of Memorial Stadium. One plan proposed the construction of a new seating structure, the so-called Eastside Seating Structure on the promenade on the east side of the stadium. If this were to be built, it could block views of the field from Tightwad Hill, possibly eliminating this unusual, the group eventually settled with the University. Tightwad Hill was also the inspiration and title of a song from local pop-punk band Green Day and it was released on the multi platinum selling album Insomniac, released in 1995, written by Singer/guitarist Billie Joe Armstrong. Tightwad Hill celebrated its 90th Anniversary in 2013, to the right of the fans on the hill is the platform for the California Victory Cannon. This permanent structure debuted during the 2004 season as the new perch for the Victory Cannon. At every home game, rain or shine, the cannon is loaded and shot at each of the football teams run-outs, whenever Cal scores a touchdown, and when a Cal victory goes final. The resulting boom is heard throughout the stadium and the surrounding area, starting at the Big Game of 1963, the California Victory Cannon was traditionally brought by members of the UC Rally Committee to be fired inside the stadium. Since 1972, the Victory Cannon has been fired from outside of Memorial Stadium to the delight of fans on, the cannon has only once run out of ammunition, in a 1991 home game against Pacific where Cal scored 12 touchdowns
2.
Berkeley Hills
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The Berkeley Hills are a range of the Pacific Coast Ranges that overlook the northeast side of the valley that encompasses San Francisco Bay. They were previously called the Contra Costa Range/Hills, but with the establishment of Berkeley and the University of California, the Berkeley Hills are bounded by the major Hayward Fault along their western base, and the minor Wildcat fault on their eastern side. The highest peaks are Vollmer Peak, Grizzly Peak and Round Top, an extinct volcano, Vollmer Peak was named for the first police chief of the City of Berkeley, August Vollmer. It was formerly known as Bald Peak, from the top on a clear winter day Davis, Sacramento and the snowy Sierra are visible. Much of the west slope of the Berkeley Hills has residential neighborhoods of single family homes. Most streets are narrow and tend to follow the contours of the land, other roads to the ridgeline wind their way up the canyons. Grizzly Peak and Skyline Blvds follow the top of the ridge, the east slope of the Berkeley Hills is mostly preserved or partially developed wildland, much of it owned by the East Bay Regional Park District and the East Bay Municipal Utility District. Claremont Canyon Regional Preserve, and Temescal Regional Park are lower on the western slopes while Las Trampas Regional Wilderness is lower on the slope above Danville. The Berkeley Hills are pierced by several tunnels, two are aqueducts of EBMUD, the Berkeley Hills Tunnel serves the Pittsburg/Bay Point–SFO/Millbrae line of the Bay Area Rapid Transit system. The four bores of the Caldecott Tunnel carry State Highway 24 between Oakland and Contra Costa County and it is common to hear the term, Oakland Hills to refer to that section of the Berkeley Hills that runs along the east side of Oakland. In colloquial usage, the Oakland hills are south of Claremont Avenue or Highway 24, as a proper name or recognized toponym, it is technically incorrect. When used on maps, the south end of the Berkeley Hills is unclear. It does not, in any case, correspond to any political boundaries, the ridge extends south through Oakland and San Leandro to the drainage of San Leandro Creek called Castro Valley, and geologically, continues southward above the line of the Hayward Fault. In the section above East Oakland to Castro Valley, the ridge appears on most maps as the San Leandro Hills, the eastern slopes of the Berkeley Hills lie entirely outside of the city of Berkeley within Contra Costa County. Another common usage is East Bay Hills, but its application to any particular range is unclear and it may refer to all of the ranges east of the Bay, from the Berkeley Hills to the Diablo Range and all the ranges between. The Berkeley Hills affect the climate by their elevation. The oceanic marine layer, which develops during the summer, bringing fog and low clouds with it, is less than 2,000 feet deep. This produces a fog shadow effect to the east, which is warmer than areas west of the hills, especially cold storms occasionally deposit wet snow on the peaks
3.
University of California, Berkeley
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The University of California, Berkeley, is a public research university located in Berkeley, California. In 1960s, UC Berkeley was particularly noted for the Free Speech Movement as well as the Anti-Vietnam War Movement led by its students. S, Department of Energy, and is home to many world-renowned research institutes and organizations including Mathematical Sciences Research Institute and Space Sciences Laboratory. Faculty member J. R. Oppenheimer, the father of the atomic bomb, Lawrence Livermore Lab also discovered or co-discovered six chemical elements. The Academic Ranking of World Universities also ranks the University of California, Berkeley, third in the world overall, in 1866, the private College of California purchased the land comprising the current Berkeley campus. Ten faculty members and almost 40 students made up the new University of California when it opened in Oakland in 1869, billings was a trustee of the College of California and suggested that the college be named in honor of the Anglo-Irish philosopher George Berkeley. In 1870, Henry Durant, the founder of the College of California, with the completion of North and South Halls in 1873, the university relocated to its Berkeley location with 167 male and 22 female students and held its first classes. In 1905, the University Farm was established near Sacramento, ultimately becoming the University of California, by the 1920s, the number of campus buildings had grown substantially, and included twenty structures designed by architect John Galen Howard. Robert Gordon Sproul served as president from 1930 to 1958, by 1942, the American Council on Education ranked UC Berkeley second only to Harvard University in the number of distinguished departments. During World War II, following Glenn Seaborgs then-secret discovery of plutonium, UC Berkeley physics professor J. Robert Oppenheimer was named scientific head of the Manhattan Project in 1942. Along with the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley is now a partner in managing two other labs, Los Alamos National Laboratory and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, originally, military training was compulsory for male undergraduates, and Berkeley housed an armory for that purpose. In 1917, Berkeleys ROTC program was established, and its School of Military Aeronautics trained future pilots, including Jimmy Doolittle, both Robert McNamara and Frederick C. Weyand graduated from UC Berkeleys ROTC program, earning B. A. degrees in 1937 and 1938, in 1926, future fleet admiral Chester W. Nimitz established the first Naval Reserve Officers Training Corps unit at Berkeley. The Board of Regents ended compulsory military training at Berkeley in 1962, during the McCarthy era in 1949, the Board of Regents adopted an anti-communist loyalty oath. A number of faculty members objected and were dismissed, ten years passed before they were reinstated with back pay, in 1952, the University of California became an entity separate from the Berkeley campus. Each campus was given autonomy and its own Chancellor. Then-president Sproul assumed presidency of the entire University of California system, Berkeley gained a reputation for student activism in the 1960s with the Free Speech Movement of 1964 and opposition to the Vietnam War. In the highly publicized Peoples Park protest in 1969, students and the school conflicted over use of a plot of land, then governor of California Ronald Reagan called the Berkeley campus a haven for communist sympathizers, protesters, and sex deviants. Modern students at Berkeley are less active, with a greater percentage of moderates and conservatives
4.
University of California
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The University of California is a public university system in the U. S. state of California. The University of California was founded in 1868 and operated temporarily in Oakland until opening its first campus in Berkeley in 1873 and its tenth and newest campus in Merced opened in fall 2005. Nine campuses enroll both undergraduate and graduate students, one campus, UC San Francisco, enrolls only graduate and professional students in the medical and health sciences. In addition, the UC Hastings College of Law, located in San Francisco, is affiliated with UC. The University of Californias campuses have large numbers of distinguished faculty in almost every academic discipline, as of 2016, UC faculty and researchers have won 62 Nobel Prizes. UC campuses are perennially ranked highly by various publications, internationally, UC Berkeley, UCLA, and UC San Diego are respectively ranked 3rd, 12th, and 14th worldwide by Academic Ranking of World Universities. In 1849, the state of California ratified its first constitution, taking advantage of the Morrill Land-Grant Acts, the California Legislature established an Agricultural, Mining, and Mechanical Arts College in 1866. However, it existed only on paper, as a placeholder to secure federal land-grant funds, meanwhile, Congregational minister Henry Durant, an alumnus of Yale, had established the private Contra Costa Academy, on June 20,1853, in Oakland, California. The initial site was bounded by Twelfth and Fourteenth Streets and Harrison, the Colleges trustees, educators, and supporters believed in the importance of a liberal arts education, but ran into a lack of interest in liberal arts colleges on the American frontier. In November 1857, the Colleges trustees began to acquire parcels of land facing the Golden Gate in what is now Berkeley for a future planned campus outside of Oakland. But first, they needed to secure the Colleges water rights by buying a farm to the east. In 1864, they organized the College Homestead Association, which borrowed $35,000 to purchase the land, the Association subdivided the latter parcel and started selling lots with the hope it could raise enough money to repay its lenders and also create a new college town. But sales of new homesteads fell short, at the College of Californias 1867 commencement exercises, where Low was present, Benjamin Silliman, Jr. criticized Californians for creating a state polytechnic school instead of a real university. That same day, Low reportedly first suggested a merger of the already-functional College of California with the state college. The University of Californias second president, Daniel Coit Gilman, opened its new campus in Berkeley in September 1873, earlier that year, Toland Medical College in San Francisco had agreed to become the Universitys Medical Department, it later evolved into UCSF. In 1878, the University established Hastings College of the Law in San Francisco as its first law school, the California Constitution was amended to designate Hastings as the Law Department of the University of California in consideration of a $100,000 gift from Serranus Clinton Hastings. Hastings is the only UC campus not governed by the Regents of the University of California, in August 1882, the California State Normal School opened a second school in Los Angeles to train teachers for the growing population of Southern California. In 1927, it became the University of California at Los Angeles, during the 20th century, UC acquired additional satellite locations which, like Los Angeles, were all subordinate to administrators at the Berkeley campus
5.
Hearst Greek Theatre
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The Greek Theatre hosts The Berkeley Jazz Festival, pop, rock, and world music concerts, UC Berkeley graduation ceremonies, occasional addresses by noted speakers, and other events. Past speakers include President Theodore Roosevelt, William Randolph Hearst, the Hearst Greek Theater was built in 1903 on the site of a rough outdoor bowl already in use as an amphitheater since 1894 known as Ben Weeds Amphitheater. The project was championed by University of California president Benjamin Ide Wheeler and was the first University building designed by John Galen Howard and its construction was financed by newspaper magnate William Randolph Hearst, after whom it was named. The design of the theater is based directly on the ancient Greek theater of Epidaurus and it officially opened on September 24,1903 with a student production of The Birds by Aristophanes. However, while still under construction in May 1903, the theatre hosted a ceremony with an address by President Theodore Roosevelt. In 1957, a basement backstage area was added, which was designed by Ernest Born and it includes a large plaza flanked by two stage-level constructions. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982, over the years, the Greek Theatre has seen performances from hundreds of musical and theatrical artists. Charter Day ceremonies and inaugurations of University of California presidents and Berkeley chancellors have been held in the Greek Theatre, Berkeley High school also uses the Greek Theatre for their graduation ceremonies. Another Planet Entertainment became the concert promoter at the Greek in 2004. In May 2012, a seismic retrofit and expansion was completed by Overaa Construction, four new reinforced concrete columns were added and concealed in the original structure. List of contemporary amphitheatres UC Berkeley Media Relations, UC Berkeleys Greek Theatre turns 100 years old this month. UC Berkeley Department of Theater, Dance, and Performance Studies, archived from the original on April 4,2005. CS1 maint, Multiple names, authors list Cal Performances
6.
California Memorial Stadium
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California Memorial Stadium is an outdoor football stadium on the campus of the University of California, Berkeley in Berkeley, California. Commonly known as Memorial Stadium, it is the field for the University of California Golden Bears of the Pac-12 Conference. The venue opened in 1923 and currently seats around 63,000 fans for football, the playing field runs NW-SE, at an elevation of 410 feet above sea level, and was listed in the National Register of Historic Places on November 27,2006. The stadium is located on the Hayward Fault, which passes directly under the playing field, Memorial Stadium was funded from public contributions, as a memorial to Californians who lost their lives in World War I. The chair of the committee was John Galen Howard, the universitys chief architect. This has earned it a reputation as one of the most scenic venues in college football, on February 14,1885, the first football game was played on the University of California campus between the hometown Bears and a football club from San Francisco known as the Merions. The field was located where the Valley Life Sciences Building currently stands, in subsequent years, the field was officially named West Field and was expanded to hold around 5,000 spectators. However, by 1904, Californias football team had become so popular that West Field became too small, therefore, California Field opened its doors in 1904 to replace the antiquated West Field and the boosted capacity allowed California to host important games for the first time. The new stadium was located closer to the center of campus and was able to draw unprecedented crowds for the time. California Field is also notable because it is many of Californias longstanding traditions began to take form. In 1910, the first card stunt was performed at the Big Game and after victories, California Field is also where the Golden Bears gained national prominence under head coach Andrew Latham Smith. Four of the Bears five consecutive undefeated seasons were played at California Field, because of this success, it became evident that California needed an even larger venue to host its football team, therefore, the team and its fans began pushing for a new stadium. The early 1920s saw four major collegiate venues open in the State of California, Stanford Stadium, the Rose Bowl, the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum, and California Memorial Stadium. One of the first proposals for a new stadium was on the corner of the campus where Edwards Stadium. This proposal was rejected and the regents settled on a site at the mouth of Strawberry Canyon. The location caused controversy, but the popularity of Andy Smiths Wonder Teams prevailed. WIth the funding secured, the university broke ground in January 1923 hoping to open the new stadium in time for the 1923 Big Game. Both teams were having a season in 1923 with California going undefeated up to that point
7.
Big C (fight song)
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Big C is a fight song of the University of California, Berkeley. It was composed in 1913 by Harold P. Williams, with lyrics by Norman Loyall McLaren and it was written to commemorate the construction of the large concrete C in 1905 on the rugged Eastern foothills of the Berkeley campus. The song was the entry in the Daily Californian school song competition in 1913. Arrangements of the tune are used by schools in the University of California system. Afterwards, UCLA continued using James arrangement of Big C as its song, adding their own lyrics. It was soon adopted as UCLAs fight song, many Cal fans, most notably Cal Band director James Berdahl, were enraged over what they saw as James theft of their song. A bitter exchange ensued between Berdahl and James for the several years concerning the legal and ethical grounds for James adaptation of the song. Finally, on February 18,1969, UCLA lawyers were told by the Copyright Office of the Library of Congress that Big C had never been copyrighted, and therefore in the public domain. However, whenever Cal plays UCLA and Sons of Westwood is played, Cal fans sing a parody ending, Sons of Westwood Cal Band page
8.
Bevatron
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The Bevatron was a particle accelerator — specifically, a weak-focusing proton synchrotron — at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, U. S. which began operating in 1954. The antiproton was discovered there in 1955, resulting in the 1959 Nobel Prize in physics for Emilio Segrè and it accelerated protons into a fixed target, and was named for its ability to impart energies of billions of eV. The anti-electron, or positron had been first observed in the early 1930s, following World War II, positive and negative muons and pions were observed in cosmic-ray interactions seen in cloud chambers and stacks of nuclear photographic emulsions. The Bevatron was built to be enough to create antiprotons. And, in 1955, the antiproton was discovered using the Bevatron, the antineutron was discovered soon thereafter by Oreste Piccioni and co-workers, also at the Bevatron. Confirmation of the charge symmetry conjecture in 1955 led to the Nobel Prize for physics being awarded to Emilio Segrè and Owen Chamberlain in 1959. In order to create antiprotons in collisions with nucleons in a target while conserving both energy and momentum, a proton beam energy of approximately 6.2 GeV is required. At the time it was built, there was no way to confine a particle beam to a narrow aperture. The combination of beam aperture and energy required a huge,10,000 ton iron magnet, a large motor/generator system was used to ramp up the magnetic field for each cycle of acceleration. The characteristic rising and falling, wailing, sound of the system could be heard in the entire complex when the machine was in operation. The cards decks were then analyzed by computers, which reconstructed the three-dimensional tracks through the magnetic fields. Computer programs, extremely complex for their time, then fitted the data associated with a given event to estimate the energies, masses. This period, when hundreds of new particles and excited states were suddenly revealed, marked the beginning of a new era in elementary particle physics, luis Alvarez inspired and directed much of this work, for which he received the Nobel Prize in physics in 1968. The Bevatron received a new lease on life in 1971, when it was joined to the SuperHILAC linear accelerator as an injector for heavy ions, the combination was conceived by Albert Ghiorso, who named it the Bevalac. It could accelerate a wide range of stable nuclei to relativistic energies and it was finally decommissioned in 1993. The next generation of accelerators used strong focusing, and required much smaller apertures, the demolition of the Bevatron began in 2009 by Clauss Construction of Lakeside CA and was completed in 2011. History of the Bevatron The Bevatron E. J, lofgren historical retrospective account, excellent early pictures. Pictures of the Bevatron Shutdown of the Bevatron Bevatron Building Slated for Demolition Historic Atom Smasher Reduced to Rubble and Revelry
9.
Lawrence Hall of Science
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The Hall was established in 1968 in honor of physicist Ernest Orlando Lawrence, the University of Californias first Nobel laureate. The Hall is located in the hills above the University of California, Berkeley campus, Science on a Sphere – interactive globe displaying real scientific data from Earth. Scientific data displayed on the globe includes Earths weather patterns, ocean temperatures and currents, climate change, day and night views of the Earth, Science on a Sphere was developed by researchers at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Forces That Shape the Bay – outdoor science park, which explores the forces that created. Sunstones – an 18-foot granite astronomical sculpture, created by David Cudaback and Richard O’Hanlon, sight lines in the piece allow visitors to view northern- and southern-most setting of the sun at the solstices and many other important astronomical events. Nano – an exhibit examining the field of nanotechnology, kidsLab – a multi-sensory play area for children in kindergarten and younger. Activities include large blocks and shapes to stack and build, a kaleidoscope, the Gravity Wall, a puppet theater. Ernest O. Lawrence Memorial – devoted to the life and research of Ernest O. Lawrence and this exhibit features a biographical film on Lawrences life and a pair of Dee electrodes from one of the first cyclotrons. A seismograph connected to UC Berkeley’s Seismographic Station, that registers earthquakes occurring anywhere in the world, insect Zoo – See hermit crabs, Indian walking sticks, a tarantula, and hissing cockroaches. The Animal Discovery Room – where children learn about animals, many homeschool and other classes are held in the Animal Discovery Room and provide the opportunity for children to observe and interact with animals. Ingenuity Lab – This engineering lab offers a different challenge each month that allows kids to think critically, Math Around the World – an exhibit featuring math games played around the world. Popular games include Hex, Kalah, Game Sticks and Shongo Networks, pheena the Fin Whale – a life sized model of a juvenile Fin whale residing on the plaza. A larger-than-life DNA sculpture on the plaza is another place for young visitors to play. This sculpture was designed by Michael Jantzen of Valencia, California and it was put in place in the spring of 1992. In addition to its permanent exhibits, the Lawrence Hall of Science features a constant rotation of traveling exhibits, past traveling exhibits include, Tony Hawk Rad Science, Dinosaurs Unearthed, Scream Machines, The Science of Roller Coasters, RACE, Are We So Different. Facing Mars, Animal Grossology, Waterworks, Engineer It, Speed, Wild Music, Songs and Sounds of Life, Science at the Big Top, Grossology, My Home, Planet Earth, Big Dinos Return, Candy Unwrapped, and Math Midway. In 2003, following the death of Lawrence’s widow, Molly Lawrence, the medal was placed in a display case in the E. O Lawrence Memorial room, a permanent exhibit which has displayed artifacts of his life and work for nearly forty years. On March 1,2007 a member of the Lawrence Hall of Science Exhibits staff reported that the Nobel Prize medal was missing from its display case
