1.
Album
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Album, is a collection of audio recordings issued as a single item on CD, record, audio tape, or another medium. Albums of recorded music were developed in the early 20th century, first as books of individual 78rpm records, vinyl LPs are still issued, though in the 21st century album sales have mostly focused on compact disc and MP3 formats. The audio cassette was a format used from the late 1970s through to the 1990s alongside vinyl, an album may be recorded in a recording studio, in a concert venue, at home, in the field, or a mix of places. Recording may take a few hours to years to complete, usually in several takes with different parts recorded separately. Recordings that are done in one take without overdubbing are termed live, the majority of studio recordings contain an abundance of editing, sound effects, voice adjustments, etc. With modern recording technology, musicians can be recorded in separate rooms or at times while listening to the other parts using headphones. Album covers and liner notes are used, and sometimes additional information is provided, such as analysis of the recording, historically, the term album was applied to a collection of various items housed in a book format. In musical usage the word was used for collections of pieces of printed music from the early nineteenth century. Later, collections of related 78rpm records were bundled in book-like albums, the LP record, or 33 1⁄3 rpm microgroove vinyl record, is a gramophone record format introduced by Columbia Records in 1948. It was adopted by the industry as a standard format for the album. Apart from relatively minor refinements and the important later addition of stereophonic sound capability, the term album had been carried forward from the early nineteenth century when it had been used for collections of short pieces of music. Later, collections of related 78rpm records were bundled in book-like albums, as part of a trend of shifting sales in the music industry, some commenters have declared that the early 21st century experienced the death of the album. Sometimes shorter albums are referred to as mini-albums or EPs, Albums such as Tubular Bells, Amarok, Hergest Ridge by Mike Oldfield, and Yess Close to the Edge, include fewer than four tracks. There are no rules against artists such as Pinhead Gunpowder referring to their own releases under thirty minutes as albums. These are known as box sets, material is stored on an album in sections termed tracks, normally 11 or 12 tracks. A music track is a song or instrumental recording. The term is associated with popular music where separate tracks are known as album tracks. When vinyl records were the medium for audio recordings a track could be identified visually from the grooves
2.
Machine Head (band)
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Machine Head is an American groove metal band from Oakland, California. Formed on October 12,1991, the group was founded by vocalist and rhythm guitarist Robb Flynn, the current lineup of the band comprises Flynn, drummer Dave McClain, lead guitarist Phil Demmel, and bassist Jared MacEachern. Machine Head is one of the bands in the new wave of American heavy metal. Machine Head was formed by member Robb Flynn, previously part of the bands Forbidden, Flynn felt musically unfulfilled with Vio-lence and requested to start a side project. When his request was denied, he left the band and formed Machine Head in 1991 with Adam Duce, Logan Mader, the bands first album Burn My Eyes, was a big success in Europe where it garnered attention on MTVs Headbangers Ball. In America Machine Head would not have success until later albums, the band re-signed with Roadrunner soon after and has released four albums since, 2003s Through the Ashes of Empires, 2007s The Blackening and 2011s Unto the Locust. Their most recent album, Bloodstone & Diamonds, was released in 2014, Machine Head have sold over 3 million records worldwide. Machine Head were formed on October 12,1991, in Oakland, California by vocalist/guitarist Robb Flynn, Flynn had recently parted ways with Vio-lence after a physical fight between the band members and a local gang. He still had a desire to write music and along with Duce recruited guitarist Logan Mader and drummer Tony Costanza to form Machine Head. The bands name was thought of by Flynn because it sounded cool, the band started jamming in a local warehouse shared with four punk rock bands. Machine Head recorded a demo in a bedroom, funded with US$800. A record executive representing Roadrunner Records listened to the demo and signed the band, Machine Head entered Fantasy Studios in Berkeley, California to record its debut album Burn My Eyes. Not long into production, Constanza left the band and was replaced by Chris Kontos, produced by Colin Richardson, the album was released on August 9,1994. The album shipped nearly 400,000 copies worldwide, becoming Roadrunner Records best selling debut album, Allmusic reviewer John Franck stated Burn My Eyes is a bone-shattering exercise in brutality. Following the success of the tour the band returned to Europe for a headline tour in early 1995. The band would return to Europe for the festival season but Kontos refused to tour. On the bands return to the US Kontos was fired because he was not keeping to touring commitments, Kontos went on to play drums with Testament, and was replaced by Dave McClain. After touring for Burn My Eyes, Machine Head entered the studio to record its second studio album, the album was released on March 25,1997, and debuted at number 138 on the Billboard 200 albums chart
3.
Malibu, California
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Malibu is a beach city in Los Angeles County, California, situated 30 miles west of Downtown Los Angeles. Known for its Mediterranean climate, a 21-mile strip of the Malibu coast incorporated in 1991 into the City of Malibu, the area is known for being the home of Hollywood movie stars, people in the entertainment industry, and other affluent residents. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 12,645, signs around the city proclaim 27 miles of scenic beauty, referring to the historical 27-mile Malibu coast spanning from Tuna Canyon west to Point Mugu in Ventura County. Most Malibu residents live within a few hundred yards of Pacific Coast Highway, for many residents of the unincorporated canyon areas, Malibu has the closest commercial centers and are included in the Malibu zip codes. The city is bounded by Topanga to the east, the Santa Monica Mountains to the north, the Pacific Ocean to the south. Nicknamed the Bu by surfers and locals, beaches along the Malibu coast include Surfrider Beach, Zuma Beach, Malibu Beach, Topanga Beach, Point Dume Beach, County Line and they named it Humaliwo or the surf sounds loudly. The citys name derives from this, as the Hu syllable is not stressed, explorer Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo is believed to have moored at Malibu Lagoon, at the mouth of Malibu Creek, to obtain fresh water in 1542. The Spanish presence returned with the California mission system, and the area was part of Rancho Topanga Malibu Sequit—a 13 and that ranch passed intact to Frederick Hastings Rindge in 1891. Few roads even entered the area before 1929, when the state won another court case, by then May Rindge was forced to subdivide her property and begin selling and leasing lots. In 1926, in an effort to selling land to stave off insolvency. At its height, Malibu Potteries employed over 100 workers, and produced decorative tiles which furnish many Los Angeles-area public buildings, the factory, located one-half mile east of the pier, was ravaged by a fire in 1931. Although the factory reopened in 1932, it could not recover from the effects of the Great Depression. A distinct hybrid of Moorish and Arts and crafts designs, Malibu tile is considered highly collectible. Fine examples of the tiles may be seen at the Adamson House and Serra Retreat, the unfinished building was sold to the Franciscan Order in 1942 and is operated as a retreat facility, Serra Retreat. It burned in the 1970 fire and was using many of the original tiles. Most of the Big Rock Drive area was purchased in 1936 by William Randolph Hearst and he sold the lower half of his holdings there in 1944 to Art Jones. Jones was one of the prominent early realtors in Malibu, starting with the leases of Rindge land in Malibu Colony. He was also the owner/part-owner of the Malibu Inn, Malibu Trading Post, mcAnany Way is named after him
4.
Nu metal
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Nu metal is a form of alternative metal that combines elements of heavy metal music with elements of other music genres such as hip hop, alternative rock, funk and grunge. Nu metal bands have drawn elements and influences from a variety of musical styles, Nu metal rarely features guitar solos, the genre is heavily syncopated and based on guitar riffs. Many nu metal guitarists use seven-string guitars that are down-tuned to play a heavier sound, DJs are occasionally featured in nu metal to provide instrumentation such as sampling, turntable scratching and electronic backgrounds. Vocal styles in nu metal include singing, rapping, screaming and growling, Nu metal is one of the key genres of the New Wave of American Heavy Metal. Nu metal became popular in the late 1990s with bands and artists such as Korn, Limp Bizkit, Slipknot, many heavy metal fans have criticized nu metal, and do not regard it as true heavy metal. Many nu metal musicians have rejected the nu metal label and also have rejected being labeled as heavy metal, Nu metal is also known as nü-metal and aggro-metal. It is a subgenre of alternative metal, MTV states that the early nu metal group Korn arrived in 1993 into the burgeoning alternative metal scene, which would morph into nü-metal the way college rock became alternative rock. Stereogum has similarly claimed that nu metal was a outgrowth of the Lollapalooza-era alt-metal scene. Nu metal merges elements of metal music with elements of other music genres such as grunge, hip hop, funk. Nu metal bands also are influenced by and use elements of genres of metal music such as death metal, rap metal, groove metal, funk metal, alternative metal. Some nu metal bands such as Static-X and Dope made nu metal music elements of industrial metal. Nu metal music is heavily syncopated and is based mostly on guitar riffs, mid-song bridges and a general lack of guitar solos contrasts it with other genres of heavy metal. N its efforts to tune down and simplify riffs, nu-metal effectively drove a stake through the heart of the guitar solo. Another contrast with other metal genres is nu metals emphasis on rhythm, rather than on complexity or mood. The wah pedal is occasionally featured in nu metal music, Nu metal guitar riffs occasionally are similar to death metal guitar riffs. Nu metal bassists and drummers are often influenced by funk and hip hop, respectively, blast beats, which are common in heavy metal subgenres such as black metal and death metal, are extremely rare in nu metal. sound a Mack truck being crushed by a collapsing skyscraper. Some nu metal bands use seven-string guitars that are generally down-tuned, likewise, some bass guitarists use five-string and six-string instruments. Bass guitar-playing in nu metal often features an emphasis on elements such as slap bass, a percussive style of playing in which the thumb slaps the low strings
5.
Roadrunner Records
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Roadrunner Records is a major record label that concentrates primarily on heavy metal and hard rock bands. It is a division of Warner Music Group and is based in New York City, the label was launched in 1980 in the Netherlands. Roadrunners initial business was importing North American metal-band recordings into Europe, in 1986, Roadrunner opened its US headquarters in New York City and later opened offices in the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Japan, Australia, Denmark, Russia and the latest in Canada. Early successes included albums from King Diamond and Annihilator, the label also handled early Metallica releases in the Scandinavian region. The end of the 1980s saw the release of two albums that are now considered classics of their genres, Obituarys Slowly We Rot. The 1990s saw the arrival of such as Life of Agony, Machine Head, Suffocation, Type O Negative. As the 1990s wore on, several of Roadrunners bands managed to make an impact on the mainstream, most notably Sepultura, Sepulturas 1993 album, Chaos A. D. became the first Roadrunner band to crack the Top 40 on the Billboard album chart. Type O Negative became the first Roadrunner band to receive a certification from the RIAA, this was a Gold award for the 1993 album Bloody Kisses, the band also became the first Roadrunner band to receive radio play. In 2000, Slipknot became the first Roadrunner band to go Platinum, nickelback were also very successful on the label. Derek Shulman ran the label in the late 90s, beginning in 2001, Roadrunner was distributed by the Universal Music Group through a share of the label owned by The Island Def Jam Music Group. On December 18,2006, Warner Music Group signed an agreement to purchase a majority in shares of Roadrunner Records parent company and this deal became finalized on January 29,2007 after receiving regulatory approval in Germany. On June 11,2008, Roadrunner Records was voted as the Best Metal Label by Metal Hammer at their Golden Gods Awards, the award was accepted by Sharon Den Adel and Ruud Jolie of Within Temptation, one of Roadrunners biggest acts. However, Roadrunner has also accused of being a label only interested in current or trendy alternative music, reflected by their roster of mainly popular. One of the earliest names on the label, King Diamond, left the label due to alleged lack of support for the 1990 King Diamond release. In 2008, punk cabaret chanteuse Amanda Palmer was told by the label that wanted to re-edit her video for Leeds United to make her look slimmer. On April 6,2010, Palmer announced on her Twitter account that Roadrunner had dropped her, the most recent complaints about Roadrunner have come from one of the labels biggest bands Megadeth. Roadrunner Records was significantly affected by Warner Music Groups legal dispute against YouTube, most of the videos on their channel, however, are still viewable. There is even a disclaimer talking about Warners dispute right on the channel, on November 11,2010, Warner Music Group announced they had acquired the remaining of Roadrunners stock
6.
Record producer
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A record producer or music producer oversees and manages the sound recording and production of a band or performers music, which may range from recording one song to recording a lengthy concept album. A producer has many roles during the recording process, the roles of a producer vary. The producer may perform these roles himself, or help select the engineer, the producer may also pay session musicians and engineers and ensure that the entire project is completed within the record companies budget. A record producer or music producer has a broad role in overseeing and managing the recording. Producers also often take on an entrepreneurial role, with responsibility for the budget, schedules, contracts. In the 2010s, the industry has two kinds of producers with different roles, executive producer and music producer. Executive producers oversee project finances while music producers oversee the process of recording songs or albums. In most cases the producer is also a competent arranger, composer. The producer will also liaise with the engineer who concentrates on the technical aspects of recording. Noted producer Phil Ek described his role as the person who creatively guides or directs the process of making a record, indeed, in Bollywood music, the designation actually is music director. The music producers job is to create, shape, and mold a piece of music, at the beginning of record industry, producer role was technically limited to record, in one shot, artists performing live. The role of producers changed progressively over the 1950s and 1960s due to technological developments, the development of multitrack recording caused a major change in the recording process. Before multitracking, all the elements of a song had to be performed simultaneously, all of these singers and musicians had to be assembled in a large studio and the performance had to be recorded. As well, for a song that used 20 instruments, it was no longer necessary to get all the players in the studio at the same time. Examples include the rock sound effects of the 1960s, e. g. playing back the sound of recorded instruments backwards or clanging the tape to produce unique sound effects. These new instruments were electric or electronic, and thus they used instrument amplifiers, new technologies like multitracking changed the goal of recording, A producer could blend together multiple takes and edit together different sections to create the desired sound. For example, in jazz fusion Bandleader-composer Miles Davis album Bitches Brew, producers like Phil Spector and George Martin were soon creating recordings that were, in practical terms, almost impossible to realise in live performance. Producers became creative figures in the studio, other examples of such engineers includes Joe Meek, Teo Macero, Brian Wilson, and Biddu
7.
Supercharger (album)
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Supercharger is the fourth album by the heavy metal band Machine Head. The release was ill-timed, and, as a result of promotion, fell far short of the success of The Burning Red. Supercharger has sold about 45,000 copies in the US to date, Supercharger was released in October,2001, just weeks after the 9/11 terrorist attacks. The lead single Crashing Around You, was pulled from MTV, the pull was a result of the metaphorical crashing lyric in the song and the burning San Francisco skyline in the video. With The Burning Red, the changed their sound to nu metal. Supercharger was darker and heavier than The Burning Red, but lacked as much groove metal sound as Burn My Eyes, two years later, the band would release Through the Ashes of Empires and return to their groove metal roots. The album was released in standard and digipak editions, the latter of which contains four previously released bonus tracks, all tracks written by Machine Head except as noted below. The bonus track on several editions of Supercharger, Hole In The Sky, the two live tracks on the 18 track digipak were recorded on September 15,1999 at Webster Hall, Hartford, Connecticut. These live tracks were released on Year of the Dragon
8.
Single (music)
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In music, a single or record single is a type of release, typically a song recording of fewer tracks than an LP record, an album or an EP record. This can be released for sale to the public in a variety of different formats, in most cases, a single is a song that is released separately from an album, although it usually also appears on an album. Typically, these are the songs from albums that are released separately for promotional uses such as digital download or commercial radio airplay and are expected to be the most popular, in other cases a recording released as a single may not appear on an album. As digital downloading and audio streaming have become prevalent, it is often possible for every track on an album to also be available separately. Nevertheless, the concept of a single for an album has been retained as an identification of a heavily promoted or more popular song within an album collection. Despite being referred to as a single, singles can include up to as many as three tracks on them. The biggest digital music distributor, iTunes, accepts as many as three tracks less than ten minutes each as a single, as well as popular music player Spotify also following in this trend. Any more than three tracks on a release or longer than thirty minutes in total running time is either an Extended Play or if over six tracks long. The basic specifications of the single were made in the late 19th century. Gramophone discs were manufactured with a range of speeds and in several sizes. By about 1910, however, the 10-inch,78 rpm shellac disc had become the most commonly used format, the inherent technical limitations of the gramophone disc defined the standard format for commercial recordings in the early 20th century.26 rpm. With these factors applied to the 10-inch format, songwriters and performers increasingly tailored their output to fit the new medium, the breakthrough came with Bob Dylans Like a Rolling Stone. Singles have been issued in various formats, including 7-inch, 10-inch, other, less common, formats include singles on digital compact cassette, DVD, and LD, as well as many non-standard sizes of vinyl disc. Some artist release singles on records, a more common in musical subcultures. The most common form of the single is the 45 or 7-inch. The names are derived from its speed,45 rpm. The 7-inch 45 rpm record was released 31 March 1949 by RCA Victor as a smaller, more durable, the first 45 rpm records were monaural, with recordings on both sides of the disc. As stereo recordings became popular in the 1960s, almost all 45 rpm records were produced in stereo by the early 1970s
9.
AllMusic
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AllMusic is an online music guide service website. It was launched in 1991 by All Media Guide which later became All Media Network, AllMusic was launched in 1991 by Michael Erlewine of All Media Guide. The aim was to discographic information on every artist whos made a record since Enrico Caruso gave the industry its first big boost and its first reference book was published the following year. When first released onto the Internet, AMG predated the World Wide Web and was first available as a Gopher site, the AMG consumer web properties AllMusic. com, AllMovie. com and AllGame. com were sold by Rovi in July 2013 to All Media Network, LLC. All Media Network, LLC. was formed by the founders of SideReel. com. The following are contributors to AllMusic, as of this date, All Media Network also produced the AllMusic guide series that includes the AllMusic Guide to Rock, the All Music Guide to Jazz and the All Music Guide to the Blues. Vladimir Bogdanov is the president of the series, in August 2007, PC Magazine included AllMusic in its Top 100 Classic Websites list. All Media Network AllGame AllMovie SideReel All Music Guide to the Blues All Music Guide to Jazz Stephen Thomas Erlewine Official website
10.
NME
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New Musical Express is a British music journalism magazine published since 1952. It was the first British paper to include a singles chart, in the 1970s it became the best-selling British music newspaper. It started as a newspaper, and gradually moved toward a magazine format during the 1980s and 1990s. An online version of NME, NME. com, was launched in 1996 and it became the worlds biggest standalone music site, with over seven million users per month. With newsstand sales falling across the UK magazine sector, the paid circulation in the first half of 2014 was 15,830. In 2013, the list of NMEs The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time, NME magazine was relaunched in September 2015 as a nationally distributed free publication. NMEs headquarters are in Southwark, London, England, the brands editor-in-chief is Mike Williams, who replaced Krissi Murison in 2012. The paper was established in 1952, the Accordion Times and Musical Express was bought by London music promoter Maurice Kinn, for the sum of £1,000, just 15 minutes before it was due to be officially closed. It was relaunched as the New Musical Express, and was published in a non-glossy tabloid format on standard newsprint. On 14 November 1952, taking its cue from the US magazine Billboard, it created the first UK Singles Chart, the first of these was, in contrast to more recent charts, a top twelve sourced by the magazine itself from sales in regional stores around the UK. The first number one was Here in My Heart by Al Martino, during the 1960s the paper championed the new British groups emerging at the time. The NME circulation peaked under Andy Gray, Editor 1957–1972, with a figure of 306,881 for the period from January to June 1964, the Beatles and the Rolling Stones were frequently featured on the front cover. These and other artists appeared at the NME Poll Winners Concert. The concert also featured a ceremony where the winners would collect their awards. The NME Poll Winners Concerts took place between 1959 and 1972, from 1964 onwards they were filmed, edited and transmitted on British television a few weeks after they had taken place. The latter part of the 1960s saw the chart the rise of psychedelia. During this period some sections of pop music began to be designated as rock, in early 1972 the paper found itself on the verge of closure by its owner IPC. Alan Smith was made editor and in 1972 was told by IPC to turn things around quickly or face closure, according to The Economist, the New Musical Express started to champion underground, up-and-coming music. NME became the gateway to a more rebellious world
11.
Burn My Eyes
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Burn My Eyes is the debut studio album by American groove metal band Machine Head, released on August 9,1994 by Roadrunner Records. The album shipped over 400,000 copies worldwide, becoming Roadrunner Recordss best selling album until the release of Slipknots debut album. The songs make references to some certain well-publicized controversies such as the 1992 Los Angeles Riots, stylistically, the album is credited as having bridged the gap between Pantera-style groove and the thrash metal style of Slayers 1980s output. The album has since became a lasting success, in 1994, it quickly became a Roadrunner Records best seller and was the labels best-selling debut album for a number of years, until the release of Slipknots 1999 self-titled debut. It was said to be due out on January 8,2007 but was then pushed back to September 2007 so it would not interfere with the release of The Blackening. However, the re-release was in fact cancelled, Robb Flynn explained this on his blog, which is posted on Machinehead1. And as far as were concerned, thats a good thing, so, as much as some of you may be bummed, know that its better this way. Q magazine -4 Stars - Excellent -. a violent, grinding experience, spiked with social comment, - Burn My Eyes took the heaviness and speed of thrash and combined it with the sledgehammer grooves of more left-field acts. - ne of the most ferocious and groove-laden behemoths the metal world has, all lyrics written by Robb Flynn, all music composed by Machine Head. The following songs constitute the entirety of the Burn My Eyes Demo, Machine Head Robb Flynn − vocals, rhythm guitar Logan Mader − lead guitar Adam Duce − bass guitar Chris Kontos − drums
12.
British Phonographic Industry
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The BPI Limited, commonly known as the British Phonographic Industry or BPI, is the British recorded music industrys trade association. Its membership comprises hundreds of companies including all three major record companies in the UK, and hundreds of independent music labels and small to medium-sized music businesses. It has represented the interests of British record companies since being formally incorporated in 1973 when the aim was to promote British music. In 2007, the legal name was changed from British Phonographic Industry Limited. It founded the annual BRIT Awards for the British music industry in 1977, the organizing company, BRIT Awards Limited, is a fully owned subsidiary of the BPI. Proceeds from both shows go to the BRIT Trust, the arm of the BPI that has donated almost £15m to charitable causes nationwide since its foundation in 1989. In September 2013, the BPI presented the first ever BRITs Icon Award to Sir Elton John, the BPI also endorsed the launch of the Mercury Prize for the Album of the Year in 1992. In September 2008, the BPI became one of the members of UK Music. The BRIT Trust is the music charity actively supporting all types of education across the entire spectrum of music. Through the projects it supports, which include Nordoff-Robbins Music Therapy and the BRIT School, proceeds from the BRIT Awards and the Classic BRITs shows go to the BRIT Trust, which has donated almost £15m to charitable causes nationwide since its foundation. Opened in September 1991, the BRIT School is a joint venture between The BRIT Trust and the Department for Education and Skills, based at Selhurst in Croydon, the school is the only non fee-paying performing arts school in the UK. It teaches up to 1,100 students each year aged from 14–19 years in music, dance, drama, musical theatre, production, media and art & design. Students are from diverse backgrounds and are not required to stick to their own discipline, dancers learn songwriting. Nor do students have to work/perform in the evening to pay for the tuition, the BPI administers the Platinum, Gold and Silver awards scheme for music releases in the United Kingdom. The level of the award varies depending on the format of the release, member companies do, however, still have the option to certify titles based on shipment levels if they choose to. Since July 2014, audio streaming has also included for singles at a ratio of 100 streams equivalent to 1 unit. From June 2015, audio streams were added to album certifications, according to BPI, they would take the 12 most-streamed tracks from the standard version of an album, with the top two songs down-weighted in line with the average of the rest. The total of these streams will be divided by 1,000, additionally, personnel are also seconded to the City of London Police Intellectual Property Crime Unit top support anti-piracy operations
13.
Logan Mader
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Their second album, The More Things Change. was released in 1997 and Logan left the band shortly thereafter to divert his energy and time to side projects. Machine Head formed on October 12,1991 with Mader on lead guitar, Robb Flynn on guitar and vocals, Adam Duce on bass and he played with Machine Head through two albums until early 1998. After Logans six-year run with Machine Head, he joined the band Soulfly where he filled the slot as guitarist for their 1998 world tour, Logans union with Soulfly was short lived and the only track he technically recorded with them was one of the remixes for Quilombo. Wanting to once again pursue his own projects, Logan left Soulfly in January 1999, post Soulfly, Logan formed the heavy, yet melodic, Los Angeles rock band, Medication, with Whitfield Crane. Due to a series of issues, Medication disbanded in February 2003. Shortly after the dissolution of Medication, Logan formed the band New Black, although the band opened for a local Hed PE gig, tracked a full demo, shopped it to a few labels and created an internet buzz, they were never signed. Years later, the Stereo Black track Save Me which was later called Inside, the song was featured in the trailer for Max Payne and The Butterfly Effect 2 and in the direct to video film Never Back Down 2, The Beatdown. The instrumental of their song Fall Again was featured on the soundtrack of racing game MotoGP07, in 2011, they created a song for the Scream 4 soundtrack, titled Denial. Currently, Logan runs Dirty Icon Productions, a Los Angeles-based production team, alongside partner, Dirty Icon, published by Reverb/Universal, writes, produces, records, mixes and masters for other artists. Mader announced his new project, Once Human, in May 2015, the group signed to earMUSIC and will release their debut album, The Life I Remember, in September 2015. With Machine Head Burn My Eyes The More Things Change. A. S. P
14.
Rapping
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The components of rapping include content, flow, and delivery. Rap differs from spoken-word poetry in that rap is performed in time to a beat. Rapping is often associated with and an ingredient of hip-hop music. Rapping is also used in Kwaito music, a genre originated in Johannesburg, South Africa. Another form of rap that predates hip hop was boxer Muhammad Alis rhythmic poetry used to taunt his opponents in the 1960s and 1970s, rapping can be delivered over a beat, typically provided by a DJ, turntablist or Beatboxer, or without accompaniment. Stylistically, rap occupies an area between speech, prose, poetry, and singing. The word, as used to describe quick speech or repartee, the word had been used in British English since the 16th century. It was part of the African American dialect of English in the 1960s meaning to converse, today, the terms rap and rapping are so closely associated with hip-hop music that many writers use the terms interchangeably. The English verb rap has various meanings, such as to strike, especially with a quick, smart, or light blow, as well to utter sharply or vigorously, to rap out a command. The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary gives a date of 1541 for the first recorded use of the word with the meaning to utter sharply, vigorously and it is these meanings from which the musical form of rapping derives, and this definition may be from a shortening of repartee. A rapper refers to a performer who raps, by the late 1960s, when Hubert G. Brown changed his name to H. Rap was used to describe talking on records as early as 1971, on Isaac Hayes album Black Moses with track names such as Ikes Rap, Ikes Rap II, Ikes Rap III, Hayes husky-voiced sexy spoken raps became key components in his signature sound. Del the Funky Homosapien similarly states that rap was used to refer to talking in a manner in the early 1970s. Back then what rapping meant, basically, was you trying to convey something—youre trying to convince somebody, thats what rapping is, its in the way you talk. Rapping can be traced back to its African roots, centuries before hip-hop music existed, the griots of West Africa were delivering stories rhythmically, over drums and sparse instrumentation. Such connections have been acknowledged by modern artists, modern day griots, spoken word artists, mainstream news sources. Grammy-winning blues musician/historian Elijah Wald and others have argued that the blues were being rapped as early as the 1920s, Wald went so far as to call hip hop the living blues. A notable recorded example of rapping in blues music was the 1950 song Gotta Let You Go by Joe Hill Louis, not just jazz music and lyrics but also jazz poetry
15.
Disco
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Disco is a genre of dance music containing elements of funk, soul, pop, and salsa. It achieved popularity during the mid-1970s to the early 1980s, Disco can be seen as a reaction against both the domination of rock music and the stigmatization of dance music by the counterculture during this period. It was popular with men and women, from many different backgrounds. The disco sound often has several components, a beat, an eighth note or 16th note hi-hat pattern with an open hi-hat on the off-beat. In most disco tracks, string sections, horns, electric piano, Orchestral instruments such as the flute are often used for solo melodies, and lead guitar is less frequently used in disco than in rock. Many disco songs use electronic synthesizers, particularly in the late 1970s, well-known 1970s disco performers included Donna Summer, the Bee Gees, Boney M. KC and the Sunshine Band, The Trammps, Sylvester, Village People, Gloria Gaynor and Chic. While performers and singers garnered much attention, record producers working behind the scenes played an important role in developing the disco sound. Many non-disco artists recorded songs at the height of discos popularity. Disco was the last mass popular movement that was driven by the baby boom generation. Disco was a phenomenon, but its popularity drastically declined in the United States in 1980. Disco Demolition Night, an anti-disco protest held in Chicago on 12 July 1979, is thought of as a factor in discos fast. By the late 1970s most major U. S. cities had thriving disco club scenes, Studio 54, a venue popular amongst celebrities, is a well-known example of a disco club. Popular dances included the Hustle, a suggestive dance. Discotheque-goers often wore expensive, extravagant and sexy fashions, Disco clubs were also associated with promiscuity. Disco was a key influence on the 1980s electronic dance style called house. The term is derived from discothèque, by the early 1940s, the terms disc jockey and DJ were in use to describe radio presenters. During WWII, because of restrictions set in place by the Nazi occupiers, eventually more than one of these jazz venues had the proper name discothèque. By 1959, the term was used in Paris to describe any of these type of nightclubs and that year a young reporter named Klaus Quirini started to select and introduce records at the Scotch-Club in Aachen, West Germany
16.
Crooner
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Crooner is an American epithet given to male singers of jazz standards, mostly from the Great American Songbook, backed by either a full orchestra, a big band or a piano. Originally it was a term denoting a sentimental singing style made possible by the use of microphones. Some performers, such as Russ Columbo, did not accept the term and this dominant popular vocal style coincided with the advent of radio broadcasting and electrical recording. Before the advent of the microphone, popular singers like Al Jolson had to project to the seats of a theater, as did opera singers. The microphone made possible the more personal style and he could be heard by anyone with a phonograph or a radio. His first film, The Vagabond Lover, was promoted with the line, while his success brought press warnings of the Vallee Peril, this punk from Maine with the dripping voice required mounted police to beat back screaming, swooning females at his vaudeville shows. Even The New York Times predicted that crooning would be just a passing fad, the newspaper printed, They sing like that because they can’t help it. Their style is begging to go out of fashion…, crooners will soon go the way of tandem bicycles, mah jongg and midget golf. Voice range shifted from tenor to baritone, still, a 1931 record by Dick Robinson, Crosby, Columbo & Vallee, called upon men to fight these public enemies brought into homes via radio. There were female crooners, including Annette Hanshaw, Mildred Bailey and their performances had a variety of influences including ballads and swing and was included in popular film soundtracks. The term is used to describe a female singer, although Mildred Baileys pre-swing records as well as Helen Rowland are often considered part of the crooning style. Due to the country songs popularized by Bing Crosby, the style of singing became an enduring part of country music. Bing Crosby achieved a million seller with his 1940 rendition of the song San Antonio Rose, eddy Arnold, Jim Reeves and Ray Price are especially well known for their country crooner standards. Dean Martin is rather famous for the music he recorded in the period when he was working for Reprise Records. Fellow Italian-American crooner Perry Como recorded several albums with country producer Chet Atkins in Nashville, list of crooners Gary Giddins, Bing Crosby, A Pocketful of Dreams, The Early Years, 1903–1940. Boston, Little, Brown and Co.2001, allison McCracken, Real Men Dont Sing, Crooning in American Culture. Durham, NC, Duke University Press,2015
17.
The Police
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The Police were an English new wave band formed in London in 1977. For most of their history the band consisted of Sting, Andy Summers and they are also considered one of the leaders of the Second British Invasion of the United States. They disbanded in 1986, but reunited in early 2007 for a world tour that ended in August 2008. Their 1978 debut album, Outlandos dAmour, reached No.6 in the UK and their second album Reggatta de Blanc became the first of five consecutive UK No.1 albums with its lead single, Message in a Bottle, their first UK number one. Their next two albums, Zenyatta Mondatta and Ghost in the Machine, saw further critical and commercial success and their final studio album, Synchronicity, was No.1 in both the UK and the US, selling over 8 million copies in the US alone. Every Breath You Take became their fifth UK number one single, the Police have sold over 75 million records, making them one of the worlds best-selling artists of all time. They were the worlds highest-earning musicians in 2008, thanks to their reunion tour, four of their five studio albums appeared on Rolling Stones list of the 500 Greatest Albums of All Time. The Police were included among both Rolling Stones and VH1s lists of the 100 Greatest Artists of All Time, on 12 January 1977, Sting relocated to London and the very same day of his arrival, he sought out Copeland for a jam session. Curved Air had recently split up and Copeland, inspired by the then-current punk rock movement, was eager to form a new band and join the burgeoning London punk scene. While less keen, Sting acknowledged the commercial opportunities, so the duo formed the Police as a power trio with Corsican guitarist Henry Padovani recruited as the third member. After their debut concert on 1 March 1977 at Alexanders in Newport, Wales and their first single Fall Out, recorded at Pathway Studios in Islington, North London on 12 February 1977 with a budget of £150, was released in May 1977 by Illegal Records. Also in May 1977, former Gong musician Mike Howlett invited Sting to join him in the band project Strontium 90, the drummer Howlett had in mind, Chris Cutler, was unavailable to play, so Sting brought Copeland. The bands fourth member was guitarist Andy Summers from Lancashire in northwest England, a decade older than Sting and Copeland, Summers was a music industry veteran who had played with Eric Burdon and the Animals and Kevin Ayers among others. Strontium 90 performed at a Gong reunion concert in Paris on 28 May 1977, the band also recorded several demo tracks, these were released 20 years later in 1997 on the archive album Strontium 90, Police Academy. Summers musicality impressed Sting, who was becoming frustrated with Padovanis rudimentary abilities, shortly after the Strontium 90 gig, Sting approached Summers to join the band. He agreed, on the condition the band remain a trio, shortly after these two gigs, Summers delivered an ultimatum and Padovani was dismissed from the band. The Polices power trio line-up of Copeland, Sting, and Summers performed for the first time on 18 August 1977 at Rebeccas club in the English city of Birmingham in the West Midlands. A trio was unusual for the time, and this line-up endured for the rest of the bands history, few punk bands were three-pieces, while contemporary bands pursuing progressive rock, symphonic rock and other sound trends usually expanded their line-ups with support players
18.
Message in a Bottle (song)
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Message in a Bottle is a song by English rock band The Police. It was released as the single from their second studio album. Written by the lead singer and bassist Sting, the song is ostensibly about a story of a castaway on an island. A year later, he has not received any sort of response, the next day, he sees a hundred billion bottles on the shore, finding out that there are more people like him out there. The song was the first of their five UK number one singles, rolling Stone ranked it number 65 on its list of the 100 Greatest Guitar Songs of All Time. According to the bands guitarist, Andy Summers, the riff that Message in a Bottle is centred around was originally used for a different song. During the bands first American tour, however, he reworked the song and slightly altered the riff, in addition to the core riff, Summers came up with, as Sting described, lovely arpeggiated shiver during the break prior to the third verse. Sting praised this addition saying, Hed do that – the song would be quite raw, the song was recorded at Surrey Sound Studios as part of the Reggatta de Blanc sessions. Stewart Copelands drumming, praised as his finest drum track by Summers, was overdubbed about six different parts, the Police debuted the song on live television on the BBCs Rock Goes to College, filmed at Hatfield Polytechnic College in Hertfordshire, England. The Police donated all money earned from the show to the school, the song was released as the first single from Reggatta de Blanc in September 1979. The song was a success in Britain, becoming The Polices first number one hit in the UK Singles Chart. The song also topped the charts in Ireland and reached Number 5 in Australia, despite its popularity in the UK, the single only reached number 74 in the United States. An alternative classic rock mix is available on Every Breath You Take, the songs B-side, Landlord, was written by Sting and Copeland. Sting said of its inspiration, I wrote that after Frances, I hated the idea of somebody fucking my life up like that. The song originally featured lyrics by Copeland, but they were replaced by Stings, Message in a Bottle is also a personal favourite of the members of the band. In addition to saying it was his song in an interview with Jools Holland of the BBC, Sting described it as a good song. Copeland said it was one of our best moments in the studio, Summers described the track as a personal favourite in his book One Train Later, and said, For me, its still the best song Sting ever came up with and the best Police track. Message in a Bottle is a good song, I like the idea that while its about loneliness and alienation its also about finding solace and other people going through the same thing
19.
Robb Flynn
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Robert Conrad Robb Flynn is the lead vocalist and guitarist for the heavy metal band Machine Head. Flynn formed the band along with Adam Duce, Logan Mader, robert Conrad Robb Flynn was born as Lawrence Matthew Cardine in Oakland, California. He was adopted after being abandoned by his birth parents and he has since stated that he does not wish to find his birth parents, with the Machine Head song Left Unfinished describing his feelings about them. Flynn cited Black Sabbath as his biggest influence and the reason he plays guitar, other influences include Bay Area thrash metal bands like Exodus, Metallica, Slayer and hardcore punk/crossover thrash groups such as Dead Kennedys, DRI and Suicidal Tendencies. He joined the metal band Forbidden, while in his graduating year at American High School. He played in this band from 1985 to 1987, Flynn then went on to form the present-day band, Machine Head, whose debut album Burn My Eyes made Flynn a rising metal star. In January 2005 Flynn was selected as one of the four captains of Roadrunner United. On June 11,2007, Robb Flynn received the Metal Hammer 2007 Golden God Award, in honour of Debbie Abono and Ronnie James Dio, Robb Flynn recorded and released for free online a cover of Black Sabbaths Die Young. Abono managed Flynn and Phil Demmel when they were members of Vio-Lence, Flynn had a break-in at his house in which several items, including guitars were stolen. One guitar, the Washburn 333 or Dimebolt, was given to him by Dimebag Darrell, in 2016 the Dimebolt guitar has been returned to Flynn. Machine Head debuted at #22 on the Billboard 200 chart, with Unto The Locust the bands highest performance and they also debuted at #5 on the German music chart. The album has sold over 100,000 copies in the United States, the video, as of 21 November 2016, has over 1.35 million views. For the Burn My Eyes tour he used a Gibson Explorer and his Dimebolt and all guitars stolen were returned to him recently by a woman who bought a storage unit which belonged to who stole them, or received it from the person that stole them. For The Burning Red he began using a Gibson Flying V, in 2002, just before the recording of Through The Ashes of Empires he began using his ESP SP210 baritone guitar. For The Blackening tour he used a custom ESP flying V which was identical to, by Unto The Locust he was using a more modified version of his earlier ESP/Gibson V, with this one having mirror inlays of the Machine Head logo on the fretboard and headstock. Flynn had signed a deal with Epiphone in which he could get signature models based closely on his designs with ESP and his new guitar for this period was the Epiphone Love Death Baritone Flying V, along with a custom Explorer, which he occasionally used on the Locust tour. For the Bloodstone & Diamonds era, Flynn has so far been using several Epiphone Flying Vs, including a version of the Love Death V. Currently he uses both his Love Death models, a satin black V, and a glossy black V with white binding, Robb Flynn at Twitter Robb Flynn at Allmusic
20.
Joel McIver
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Joel McIver is a British author. The best-known of his books is the bestselling Justice For All, The Truth About Metallica, first published in 2004, mcIvers other works include biographies of Black Sabbath, Slayer, Ice Cube and Queens Of The Stone Age. His writing also appears in newspapers and magazines such as The Guardian, Metal Hammer, Classic Rock and Rolling Stone, since 2012, McIver has also been the Editor of the magazine Bass Guitar. McIver has written 30 English-language books since 1999, with at least 75 more editions available in other languages. In the introduction to Neil Daniels 2009 book All Pens Blazing, in a review in April 2012, Classic Rock magazine labelled McIver by some distance Britains most prolific hard rock/metal author. As well as writing his own books, McIver also co-writes the autobiographies of rock musicians, the first of these was the memoir of sometime Deep Purple bassist Glenn Hughes, published in 2011. Other autobiographies written by McIver include those of Max Cavalera and Megadeth bass player David Ellefson, the book includes a foreword by Bowies producer and friend Tony Visconti. McIver is an alumnus of Backwell School and the University of Edinburgh
21.
Limp Bizkit
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Limp Bizkit is an American rap rock band from Jacksonville, Florida, formed in 1994. Their lineup consists of Fred Durst, Sam Rivers, John Otto and their music is marked by Dursts angry vocal delivery and Borlands sonic experimentation. Borlands elaborate visual appearance, which includes face and body paint, masks and uniforms, the band has been nominated for three Grammy Awards, have sold 40 million records worldwide and won several other awards. Borland left the group in 2001, but Durst, Rivers, Otto and Lethal continued to record and tour with guitarist Mike Smith. Following the release of their album, Results May Vary, Borland rejoined the band and recorded The Unquestionable Truth with Durst, Rivers, Lethal and they are currently recording their seventh studio album, Stampede of the Disco Elephants. Fred Durst grew up in Jacksonville, Florida, where he took an interest in breakdancing, hip hop, punk rock and he began to rap, skate, beatbox and deejay. While mowing lawns and working as a tattoo artist, he developed an idea for a band that combined elements of rock and hip hop. Durst played with three bands, Split 26, Malachi Sage, which were unsuccessful, and 10 Foot Shindig. Durst told Sam Rivers, the bassist for Malachi Sage, You need to quit this band and start a band with me thats like this, rappin and rockin. Rivers suggested that his cousin, John Otto, who was studying jazz drumming at the Douglas Anderson School of the Arts and playing in local avant garde bands, Durst, Rivers and Otto jammed and wrote three songs together, and Wes Borland later joined as a guitarist. Durst named the band Limp Bizkit, because he wanted a name that would repel listeners, according to Durst, The name is there to turn peoples heads away. A lot of people pick up the disc and go, Limp Bizkit and those are the people that we dont even want listening to our music. Other names that were considered by Durst included Gimp Disco, Split Dickslit, Bitch Piglet, every record label that showed an interest in the band pressured its members to change its name. Limp Bizkit developed a following in the underground music scene, particularly at the Milk Bar. The bands local popularity was such that Sugar Ray, who had a label contract. Milkbar owner, Danny Wimmer, stated that Limp Bizkit had the biggest draw for a local band and they went from playing ten people to eight hundred within months. Fred was always marketing the band and he would go to record stores and get people involved, he was in touch with high schools. However, the band knew that to achieve success, they would have to distinguish themselves in their live performances
22.
Korn
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Korn is an American nu metal band from Bakersfield, California, formed in 1993. Korn was originally formed by three of the members of the band L. A. P. D, Korn released their first demo album, Neidermayers Mind, in 1993. The band later went on to release their debut album in 1994. The band experienced success with Follow the Leader and Issues. The bands mainstream success continued with Untouchables, Take a Look in the Mirror, a compilation album, Greatest Hits Vol.1, was released in 2004, spanning a decade of singles and concluding the bands recording contract with Immortal Records and Epic Records. They signed to Virgin Records, releasing See You on the Other Side in 2005, and an untitled album in 2007. Korns other recent albums, Korn III, Remember Who You Are and The Path of Totality, were released via Roadrunner Records, The Paradigm Shift being released via Prospect Park and their latest album, The Serenity of Suffering, was released on October 21,2016. As of 2012, Korn had sold around 35 million copies worldwide, twelve of the bands official releases have peaked in the top ten of the Billboard 200, eight of which have peaked in the top five. Korn has released seven albums and thirty-nine music videos. The band has released singles, twenty-eight of which have charted. Korn has earned two Grammy Awards out of seven nominations and two MTV Video Music Awards out of eleven nominations, before Korn was formed, three of the original members of the band were associated with the band L. A. P. D. – James Shaffer, Reginald Arvizu, and David Silveria, originally consisting of Richard Morrill, James Shaffer, and Reginald Arvizu, David Silveria joined when he was 16. When the band moved from Bakersfield, California to Los Angeles, Silveria dropped out of high school, when Shaffer reunited with the band, they found a manager and released an EP entitled Love and Peace Dude in 1989 through Triple X Records. Released their first full-length studio album on May 3,1991 which consisted of eleven tracks, the album was entitled Whos Laughing Now. The logo was designed by vocalist Jonathan Davis, Silveria explained, the music makes the name, because Korns a dumb name. But once we get established, it makes the name cool, Korn rented a studio from Jeff Creath, called Underground Chicken Sound, in Huntington Beach, California. While they were recording at Underground Chicken Sound, a crowd had been loitering outside the studio, the band began playing a prelude to a later song, Clown, resulting in a larger crowd gathering. Arvizu said the crowd gathered because it sounded so different, Korn started performing at gigs in the summer of 1993, with members saying that touring was a pain-in-the-ass
23.
Selling out
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Selling out is a common idiomatic pejorative expression for the compromising of a persons integrity, morality, authenticity, or principles in exchange for personal gain, such as money. A sellout also refers to someone who gives up, or disregards, the term could also be used as sold out depending on the context. There are two forms of selling out in terms of music. First, there is the use of sell out to refer to those who sign for major labels or to those who licence their music to companies for use in advertising that contradicts their apparent values. Since the time of big band radio shows there has been a relationship between musicians and commercialisation. It was not until the punk subculture in the 1970s that the notion that musicians should be independent of commercial influences began to increase in popularity. This partly manifested itself in the reluctance of bands to sign for major labels, as this would include taking part in activities that were seen as crass and overly commercial. This continued into the 1980s, when bands were scorned by fanzines for signing with major labels as the success this would bring was symptomatic of the general decay in culture. However, after a number of maintained the quality of their records after signing for a major label. The difference between the two is often subjective, the album, known as The Black Album, saw critics and Bob Rock, the album’s producer, acknowledged that there was a move away from the bands previous sound. However, other fans did not consider the change in sound to be significant enough to be considered selling out, ultimately The Black Album became the band’s most commercially successful release, going 16x platinum. The differing reaction by fans to the album demonstrates the difficulty in labelling an artist as a sellout objectively, while this perceived inauthenticity is viewed with scorn and contempt by members of the subculture, the definition of the term and to whom it should be applied is subjective. While the term is most associated with the 1970s- and 1980s-era punk and hardcore subculture, a hardcore punk band that signed a lucrative contract with a major label would probably be labelled as poseurs. In film and television selling out refers to compromising the content of produced media, primarily for reasons, for example. Stand-up comedians occasionally face accusations of selling out, comedians who start out in comedy clubs might often use foul language and blue humor in their routines. A comic who alters his or her routine by sugar-coating his language, george Carlin was accused of being a sellout for appearing in television commercials for MCIs 10-10-220. Carlin had previously spoken of his dislike for MCIs commercials in his 1996 album Back in Town, in interviews, Carlin revealed he appeared in the advertisements to help pay off a large tax debt to the IRS. Comedian/actress Janeane Garofalo has described herself as a sellout based on her participation with the TV show 24 playing Janis Gold. ”Garofalo admitted to selling out for losing weight in order to more acting work
24.
Sting (musician)
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Gordon Matthew Thomas Sumner, CBE, better known by his stage name Sting, is an English musician, singer, songwriter, and actor. He was the songwriter, lead singer, and bassist for the new wave rock band The Police from 1977 to 1984. He has included elements of rock, jazz, reggae, classical, new-age and he was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 2002 and the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of The Police in 2003. In 2000, he received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for recording, in 2003, Sting received a CBE from Elizabeth II at Buckingham Palace for services to music, and was made a Kennedy Center Honoree at the White House in 2014. He was awarded the Polar Music Prize in 2017, with The Police, Sting became one of the worlds best-selling music artists. Solo and with The Police combined, he has sold over 100 million records, in 2006, Paste ranked him 62nd of the 100 best living songwriters. He was 63rd of VH1s 100 greatest artists of rock, and he grew up near Wallsends shipyards, which made an impression on him. At eight or ten years old, he was inspired by the Queen Mother waving at him from a Rolls-Royce to divert from the shipyard prospect towards a more glamorous life. He helped his father deliver milk and by ten was obsessed with an old Spanish guitar left by a friend of his father. He attended St Cuthberts Grammar School in Newcastle upon Tyne and he visited nightclubs such as Club AGogo to see Cream and Manfred Mann, who influenced his music. After being a bus conductor, building labourer and tax officer, he attended Northern Counties College of Education from 1971 to 1974 and he taught at St Pauls First School in Cramlington for two years. Sting performed jazz in the evening, weekends and during breaks from college and he played with the Phoenix Jazzmen, Newcastle Big Band, and Last Exit. He gained his nickname after his habit of wearing a black, bandleader Gordon Solomon thought he looked like a bee, which prompted the name Sting. In the 1985 documentary Bring on the Night a journalist called him Gordon, to which he replied, My children call me Sting, my mother calls me Sting, in Time in 2011 he said, I was never called Gordon. You could shout Gordon in the street and I would just move out of your way, in January 1977, Sting moved from Newcastle to London and joined Stewart Copeland and Henry Padovani to form The Police. From 1978 to 1983 they had five UK chart-topping albums, won six Grammy Awards and their initial sound was punk-inspired, but they switched to reggae rock and minimalist pop. Their final album, Synchronicity, was nominated for five Grammy Awards including Album of the Year and it included their most successful song, Every Breath You Take, written by Sting, in 1983. While never formally breaking up, after Synchronicity the group agreed to concentrate on solo projects, as the years went by, the band members, particularly Sting, dismissed the possibility of reforming
25.
Hellalive
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Hellalive is the first live album by American heavy metal band, Machine Head. The album was released to fulfill Machine Heads commitment to Roadrunner Records, Demmel filled in, as is credited in the liner notes to Hellalive and he later joined the band as permanent lead guitarist. As of 2012 the album has sold over 38,000 copies in the United States, robb Flynn - vocals, rhythm guitar Phil Demmel - lead guitar Adam Duce - bass guitar Dave McClain - drums Ahrue Luster - lead guitar
26.
Bad Brains
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Bad Brains are an American hardcore punk band formed in Washington, D. C. in 1977. They are widely regarded as among the pioneers of hardcore punk and they are also an adept reggae band, while later recordings featured elements of other genres like funk, heavy metal, hip hop and soul. Bad Brains are followers of the Rastafari movement, the unique factor of the bands music was the fact that they played more complex rhythms than other hardcore punk bands, also adapting non-punk style guitar riffs and solos into their songs. Bad Brains have released nine studio albums, the band broke up and reformed several times over the years, sometimes with different singers or drummers. Since 1994, the lineup of singer H. R. guitarist Dr. Know, bassist Darryl Jenifer. In 1977, their friend Sid McCray introduced the band, who were interested in bands such as Black Sabbath, to punk rock, including the Dickies, the Dead Boys. Mind Power became obsessed with rock and changed their name to Bad Brains, after the Ramones song Bad Brain. Despite their burgeoning punk sound, the early Bad Brains, after seeing Bob Marley in concert, also delved deep into reggae music and the Rastafari movement. Sid McCray became their first singer but left in the days of the groups hardcore punk era. In 1979, Bad Brains found themselves the subject of an unofficial ban among Washington D. C. area clubs, the band subsequently relocated to New York City, where they would serve as a catalyst for that citys burgeoning hardcore scene. At first, the Brains stayed with their NYC friends in the bands The Mad and their self-titled debut album was released on Neil Coopers ROIR Records on cassette only in January 1982, followed in 1983 by Rock for Light, produced by Ric Ocasek of The Cars. In 1986, Bad Brains signed with SST Records and released I Against I, H. R. provided the vocals for Sacred Love over the phone from the Lorton Reformatory while doing a bid for a cannabis charge. The title tracks video was shown on MTVs then-new 120 Minutes program, despite the success of I Against I, H. R. quit the band again, taking his brother Earl with him after spending most of 1987 touring. 1988 dates for the I Against I tour were done with Taj Singleton on vocals, in 1988, Bad Brains signed with Caroline Records, who released their fourth album Quickness the following year. Returned, rewrote the lyrics and overdubbed the vocals for Quickness replacing Taj Singletons recorded lyrics, Bad Brains were plagued by internal tensions nearly from their beginning. After the Quickness tour, H. R. and Earl left once again, soon afterwards, Bad Brains broke up yet again. In 1990, Bad Brains backed longtime friend, fan, the recording appears on the soundtrack to the film Pump Up the Volume. As bands influenced by Bad Brains enjoyed commercial success, Dr. Know was approached by Mundane Records in 1992, the former Cro-Mags drummer Mackie Jayson, and vocalist Israel Joseph I joined at this time
27.
Adam Duce
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Adam Duce is an American musician, best known as a founding member and former bassist of the American thrash/groove metal band Machine Head. While still a child, Duce was often sent to rehabilitation institutes by his parents, later in life he got involved with drugs and he has been a close friend with former Machine Head guitarist Logan Mader since childhood. He was introduced to music with AC/DC’s album For Those About to Rock We Salute You. At the age of 11 he was sent to a school in Texas for two years. He explains the reason for this in an interview, I had too much energy for my body to contain”, in that school he lost touch with the outside world’s art, especially music. After getting out of the school, Logan Mader introduced him to metal music with bands such as Slayer, Metallica, Exodus, King Diamond, Celtic Frost. Around 1987 Duce and Mader decided to start playing the guitar, they’ve unsuccessfully tried to form a band several times. Later, Duce realized that the guitar was more suitable for him due to his large frame and finger width. Adam Duce points out that his influences come from bass players such as Cliff Burton, Geezer Butler. Duce met Robb Flynn when he was 16 through a common friend, at the time, Flynn was playing in Vio-Lence. In 1991 they got involved in a big fight with a gang in Oakland, California. This led to Flynn leaving Vio-Lence and served as a catalyst for the forming of a new band – Machine Head, retaining a desire to write music, Flynn recruited Duce, guitarist Logan Mader and drummer Tony Costanza to form Machine Head. Duce played bass and did the vocals for all the Machine Head albums between the first and seventh albums and participated in all of the bands tours until 2012. He also has appearances in live shows as a bassist for Roadrunner United. Duce didn’t fully participate in the process for the songs for Unto the Locust. In an interview he admitted that he wrote several riffs and lyrics that got rejected by Robb Flynn and these disagreements were later pointed out as the reason for the band to fire him. On February 22,2013, Machine Head announced that the band, Robb Flynn later explained in an emotional message on the bands website that the band had fired Duce. On July 4,2014, it clear from a post in Machine Heads official Facebook page that the lawsuit had been settled
28.
ARIA Charts
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The ARIA Charts are the main Australian music sales charts, issued weekly by the Australian Recording Industry Association. The charts are a record of the highest selling singles and albums in various genres in Australia, ARIA became the official Australian music chart in June 1988, succeeding the Kent Music Report which had been Australias national charts since 1974. The Go-Set charts were Australias first national singles and albums charts published from 5 October 1966 until 24 August 1974, succeeding Go-Set, the Kent Music Report began issuing the national top 100 charts in Australia from May 1974. The compiler, David Kent, also published Australias national charts from 1940–1974 in a retrospective fashion using state based data, in mid 1983, the Australian Recording Industry Association commenced licensing the Kent Music Report chart. The first printed national top 50 chart available in record stores, ARIA began compiling its own charts in-house from the chart dated week ending 26 June 1988. Various artists compilation albums were included in the albums chart, as they had been on the Kent Report chart, until 2 July 1989. The ARIA Report, detailing the top 100 singles and albums charts, was first available via subscription in January 1990, the printed top 50 chart ceased publication in June 1998, but resumed publication later in the year. The printed top 50 chart again ceased publication at the end of 2000, the ARIA charts are based on data collected from physical and digital retailers in Australia. Data of physical sales come from such as Sanity and JB Hi-Fi, while data of digital sales come from online retailers such as iTunes, Bandit FM, GetMusic. Since 17 February 1997, all physical sales data contributing towards the chart has been recorded electronically at point of sale. In March 1991, Do the Bartman by The Simpsons was the first single to reach #1 in Australia that was not available on 7 inch vinyl, but cassingle only. Starting from 8 October 2006, due to low physical single sales at the time, in 2006, it was announced that the Brazin retailing group, comprising major retailers HMV, Sanity and Virgin music/DVD stores would no longer contribute sales data to the ARIA charts. However, after an absence, Brazin reportedly re-commenced contributing sales figures to the ARIA Charts on 26 November 2006. The ARIA website publishes the top 50 singles and albums charts, top 40 digital tracks chart, the ARIA Report lists all charts in full and is available via paid e-mail subscription each week. These reports are uploaded to the Pandora Archive periodically, on 5 February 2006, the ARIA Chart Show was a radio program launched on the Nova network and broadcast throughout Australia, playing the official ARIA top 50 singles. The live music program was hosted by Jabba each Sunday afternoon at 3, the show was aired before the top 50 chart, dated for the following Monday, is published on the ARIA website at 6,00 pm. The charts were published online at 6,00 pm each Sunday. The diamond certification was created for albums in November 2015 to mark 500,000 sales/shipments, for music DVDs, a gold accreditation originally represented 7,500 copies shipped, with a platinum accreditation representing 15,000 units shipped. co. uk
29.
Flanders
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Flanders is the Dutch-speaking northern portion of Belgium, although there are several overlapping definitions, including ones related to culture, language, politics and history. It is one of the communities, regions and language areas of Belgium, the demonym associated with Flanders is Fleming, while the corresponding adjective is Flemish. The official capital of Flanders is Brussels, although Brussels itself has an independent regional government, in historical contexts, Flanders originally refers to the County of Flanders, which around AD1000 stretched from the Strait of Dover to the Scheldt estuary. In accordance with late 20th century Belgian state reforms the area was made two political entities, the Flemish Community and the Flemish Region. These entities were merged, although geographically the Flemish Community, which has a cultural mandate, covers Brussels. Flanders has figured prominently in European history, as a consequence, a very sophisticated culture developed, with impressive achievements in the arts and architecture, rivaling those of northern Italy. Belgium was one of the centres of the 19th century industrial revolution, geographically, Flanders is generally flat, and has a small section of coast on the North Sea. Much of Flanders is agriculturally fertile and densely populated, with a density of almost 500 people per square kilometer. It touches France to the west near the coast, and borders the Netherlands to the north and east, the Brussels Capital Region is an enclave within the Flemish Region. Flanders has exclaves of its own, Voeren in the east is between Wallonia and the Netherlands and Baarle-Hertog in the consists of 22 exclaves surrounded by the Netherlands. It comprises 6.5 million Belgians who consider Dutch to be their mother tongue, the political subdivisions of Belgium, the Flemish Region and the Flemish Community. The first does not comprise Brussels, whereas the latter does comprise the Dutch-speaking inhabitants of Brussels, the political institutions that govern both subdivisions, the operative body Flemish Government and the legislative organ Flemish Parliament. The two westernmost provinces of the Flemish Region, West Flanders and East Flanders, forming the central portion of the historic County of Flanders, a feudal territory that existed from the 8th century until its absorption by the French First Republic. Until the 1600s, this county also extended over parts of France, one of the regions conquered by the French in Flanders, namely French Flanders in the Nord department. French Flanders can be divided into two regions, Walloon Flanders and Maritime Flanders. The first region was predominantly French-speaking already in the 1600s, the latter became so in the 20th century, the city of Lille identifies itself as Flemish, and this is reflected, for instance, in the name of its local railway station TGV Lille Flandres. The region conquered by the Dutch Republic in Flanders, now part of the Dutch province of Zeeland, the significance of the County of Flanders and its counts eroded through time, but the designation remained in a very broad sense. In the Early modern period, the term Flanders was associated with the part of the Low Countries
30.
GfK Entertainment Charts
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The GfK Entertainment Charts are the official music charts in Germany and are gathered and published by GfK Entertainment GmbH on behalf of Bundesverband Musikindustrie. Following a lawsuit in March 2014 by Media Control AG, Media Control® GfK International had to change its name, dissemination of the charts is conducted by various media outlets, some of which include VIVA music channel, and the Swiss charts website. Other entities that present the charts are MusicLoad and MIX1, furthermore, GfK Entertainment also runs a dedicated website providing chart-related news and access to most of the charts. Charts have been published in Germany since 1959, in a magazine called Der Musikmarkt, since 1959, the growing desire to have a well-developed music program has made Bundesverband Musikindustrie work together with charts providers to improve the way the charts are determined. For this purpose, different research institutes were tested, out of which Media Control, hence, the first official charts were made available in the magazine Der Musikmarkt in September 1977. Initially, there used to be 50 positions only, which later in January 1980, was extended to 75 slots, since 1989, however, GfK Entertainment has adapted the international standards providing 100 positions, now called Offizielle Top 100 Charts. In 2001, the Top-100 singles charts was modified to reflect the sales of the singles, Media Control developed Music Video charts in 2001, which later, in 2004, was renamed as DVD charts. While music-videos have their own charts, in 2001, GfK Entertainment made it possible for the music-video singles to have the ability to enter the Top-100 singles chart. Similarly, in 2002, it was available for music-video albums to chart on the Top-100 album chart. If not, then, the DVD album could qualify for the DVD chart only, in the same vein, if an audio CD contains at least 50% of video recording, then, it could qualify to chart on the DVD chart. In 2003, Media Control joined forces with GfK, thus the name officially being changed to Media Control GfK International GmbH. In 2004, Germany became one of the first music markets wherein sales charts were reflected by online digital downloads, digital-only releases came into existence on 13 July 2007, for online downloads only, which also altered the way the sales figures were conducted up to that point. Consequently, chart positions would no longer be affected by the number of music downloads as before. Thus, the albums would not necessarily be the ones ending up in the number-one position on the charts. In March 2014, GfK announced that the official chart providers name in Germany will change from Media Control GfK International GmbH to GfK Entertainment, there are currently 3,000 outlets that report their sales on weekly bases in Germany. The weekly sales data is transmitted to GfK Entertainment via communication network channel and this is the list of categories, for each of which charts are provided by GfK Entertainment
31.
UK Albums Chart
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The UK Albums Chart is a list of albums ranked by physical and digital sales and audio streaming in the United Kingdom. It was published for the first time on 22 July 1956 and is compiled every week by the Official Charts Company on Fridays and it is broadcast on BBC Radio 1 and published in Music Week magazine, and on the OCC website. To qualify for the Official Albums Chart the album must be the correct length and it must be more than three tracks or 20 minutes long and not be classed as a budget album. A budget album costs between £0.50 and £3.75, additionally, various artist compilations – which until January 1989 were included in the main album listing – are now listed separately in a compilations chart. Full details of the rules can be found on the OCC website. In the 1970s the new chart was revealed at 12,45 pm on Thursdays on BBC Radio 1. Since October 1993 it has included in The Official Chart show from 4,00 –5,45 pm on Fridays. A weekly Album Chart show was licensed out to BBC Radio 2 and presented by Simon Mayo,2005 saw a record number of artist album sales with 126.2 million sold in the UK. In February 2015, it was announced that, due to the sales of albums and rise in popularity of audio streaming. Under the revised methodology, the Official Charts Company takes the 12 most streamed tracks from one album, the total of these streams is divided by 1000 and added to the pure sales of the album. This calculation was designed to ensure that the chart continues to reflect the popularity of the albums themselves. The final number one album on the UK Albums Chart to be based purely on sales alone was Smoke + Mirrors by Imagine Dragons, on 1 March 2015, In the Lonely Hour by Sam Smith became the first album to top the new streaming-incorporated Official Albums Chart. The most successful artists in the charts depends on the criteria used, as of February 2016, Queen albums have spent more time on the British album charts than any other musical act, followed by The Beatles, Elvis Presley, U2 and ABBA. By most weeks at one, however, The Beatles lead with a total of 174 weeks. The male solo artist with the most weeks at one is Presley with a total of 66 weeks. Presley also holds the record for the most number one albums by a solo artist and most top ten albums by any artist. Madonna has the most number one albums by a female artist in the UK, though this includes the Evita film soundtrack which was a cast recording, Adele is the female solo artist with the most weeks at number one, with a total of 37 weeks. Queens Greatest Hits is the album in UK chart history with 6 million copies sold as of February 2014
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