Cabarrus County, North Carolina
Cabarrus /kʌˈbærʌs/ County is a county located in the south-central part of the U. S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2010 census, the population was 178,011, the county seat is Concord, which was incorporated in 1803. Cabarrus County is included in the Charlotte-Concord-Gastonia, NC-SC Metropolitan Statistical Area, among its significant historic sites is the Reed Gold Mine, a National Historic Landmark. The first gold discovered in the United States was found here in 1799, so much gold was mined that President Andrew Jackson established the US Mint to control it. This was an area of cultivation in the antebellum era. Coleman Manufacturing Company, started in 1897, is believed to be the first cotton mill in the nation to be built and partners primarily from Wilmington, North Carolina, although investors came from capitalists in the county. The county was formed on December 29,1792 from Mecklenburg County, located in the Piedmont, it was named after Stephen Cabarrus of Chowan County, speaker of the North Carolina House of Commons.
Beginning about 1750, the county was settled mainly by immigrants, Germans on the eastern side and Scotch-Irish in the western area of the county. When it came time to choose a location for the county seat and county government, each ethnic group wanted the county located close to their populations. Stephen Cabarrus wrote to the citizens pleading with them to come together in peace to choose a location for their county seat, a central area of the county was chosen in 1796 and aptly named Concord, a derivative of two French words with and peace. Representative Paul Barringer introduced a bill into the legislature to incorporate Concord. The town of Concord was begun on land owned by Samuel Huie, the first substantiated gold find in America was in 1799 by young Conrad Reed while playing in Little Meadow Creek, located on the Reed farm in southeastern Cabarrus County. According to research, Conrads find was a gold chunk approximately the size of a shoe and his father John Reed took the nugget into Concord to a silversmith, who informed Reed that the rock did not have any value.
The elder Reed returned home with it, holding it for three years until a trip in 1802 to Fayetteville, where he sold the nugget to a jeweler for $3.50, over time John Reed learned that the jeweler sold the large nugget for several thousand dollars. Reed returned to Fayetteville insisting on more just compensation and this discovery and news of the sale spurred the beginning of gold mining in the area. Reed deserted, as did many other Hessians and he traveled from Georgia to North Carolina, where he settled in an ethnic German community sometime around 1787 and began farming. Reed first developed placer mining on his property, underground mining and his facility became known as Reeds Gold Mine. Large amounts of gold were being discovered at the Reed Gold Mine and in mines in the United States
Charlotte, North Carolina
Charlotte /ˈʃɑːrlət/ is the largest city in the state of North Carolina. It is the county seat of Mecklenburg County and the second-largest city in the southeastern United States, just behind Jacksonville, Charlotte is the third-fastest growing major city in the United States. In 2014 the estimated population of Charlotte according to the U. S. Census Bureau was 809,958, the Charlotte metropolitan area ranks 22nd-largest in the U. S. and had a 2014 population of 2,380,314. The Charlotte metropolitan area is part of a sixteen-county market region or combined statistical area with a 2014 U. S. Census population estimate of 2,537,990, residents of Charlotte are referred to as Charlotteans. It is listed as a global city by the Globalization. Charlotte Douglas International Airport is an international hub, and was ranked the 23rd-busiest airport in the world by passenger traffic in 2013. Charlotte has a subtropical climate. The city is located several miles east of the Catawba River and southeast of Lake Norman, Lake Wylie and Mountain Island Lake are two smaller man-made lakes located near the city.
The Catawba Native Americans were the first to settle Mecklenburg County and were first recorded in European records around 1567, by 1759 half the Catawba tribe had been killed by smallpox. At the time of their largest population, Catawba people numbered 10,000, Mecklenburg County was initially part of Bath County of New Hanover Precinct, which became New Hanover County in 1729. The western portion of New Hanover split into Bladen County in 1734, Mecklenburg County formed from Anson County in 1762. Further apportionment was made in 1792, with Cabarrus County formed from Mecklenburg and these areas were all part of one of the original six judicial/military districts of North Carolina known as the Salisbury District. The area that is now Charlotte was settled by people of European descent around 1755, Thomas Polk, who married Thomas Spratts daughter, built his house by the intersection of two Native American trading paths between the Yadkin and Catawba rivers. One path ran north–south and was part of the Great Wagon Road, within decades of Polks settling, the area grew to become Charlotte Town, incorporating in 1768.
The crossroads, perched atop the Piedmont landscape, became the heart of Uptown Charlotte, in 1770, surveyors marked the streets in a grid pattern for future development. The east–west trading path became Trade Street, and the Great Wagon Road became Tryon Street, in honor of William Tryon, the intersection of Trade and Tryon—commonly known today as Trade & Tryon, or simply The Square—is more properly called Independence Square. While surveying the boundary between the Carolinas in 1772, William Moultrie stopped in Charlotte Town, whose five or six houses were very ordinary built of logs, local leaders came together in 1775 and signed the Mecklenburg Resolves, more popularly known as the Mecklenburg Declaration of Independence. While not a declaration of independence from British rule, it is among the first such declarations that eventually led to the American Revolution
Tammy Faye Messner
Tamara Faye LaValley Bakker Messner was an American Christian singer, entrepreneur, talk show host, and television personality. She was married from 1961 to 1992 to televangelist, and convicted felon and she co-hosted with him on The PTL Club. She was a participant in the 2004 season of the reality show The Surreal Life, the eldest of eight children, Tammy Faye was born Tamara Faye LaValley in International Falls, Minnesota, to Pentecostal preachers Rachel Minnie and Carl Oliver LaValley. Her parents were married in 1941, shortly after she was born, a painful divorce soured her mother against other ministers, alienating her from the church. In 1960, she met Jim Bakker when they were students at North Central Bible College in Minneapolis, Tammy Faye worked in a boutique for a time while Jim found work in a restaurant inside a department store in Minneapolis. They were married on April 1,1961, the following year, they moved to South Carolina, where they began their ministry. Their marriage produced two children, Tammy Sue Bakker Chapman and Jamie Charles Bakker, while in Portsmouth, they were hosts of the popular childrens show Jim and Tammy.
They created a ministry for children on Pat Robertsons Christian Broadcasting Network from 1964 to 1973. Jim and Tammy founded the The PTL Club in the mid-1970s, during the PTL shows, she provided a sentimental touch to stories and loved to sing. The Bakkers home, owned by the ministry, was actually a home built in the early 1970s. Jim Bakker stated that the dog house was heated with an old heater to keep the dogs warm in the winter. The home was sold by the ministry and burned to the ground not long thereafter. Jim Bakker wrote in his book I Was Wrong that he watched the home burn on live television while incarcerated, the Charlotte Observer ran exposés of PTLs finances and management practices. PTL went bankrupt after being taken over by controversial Lynchburg, Virginia-based Baptist televangelist Jerry Falwell, Tammy stood by Bakker through the scandal, including several instances when she cried on camera. In 1989 Bakker was sentenced to 45 years in prison on 24 fraud, on October 3,1993, she married Roe Messner in Rancho Mirage, after Messner divorced his own wife.
They moved to the Charlotte suburb of Matthews, North Carolina and Roe were neighbors to Christian recording star and friend David L Cook. Messner was the one who produced the money for the $265,000 payment to Hahn, in the Bakkers fraud trial, Messner testified for Bakkers defense saying that Falwell had sent Messner to the Bakker home in Palm Springs, California, to make an offer to keep quiet. However, Messner said that Bakker wrote on it, Im not making any demands on PTL, in the bankruptcy of PTL, Messner was listed as the single biggest creditor of PTL with an outstanding claim of $14 million
Lincoln County, North Carolina
Lincoln County is a county located in the U. S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2010 census, the population was 78,265, Lincoln County is included in the Charlotte-Concord-Gastonia, NC-SC Metropolitan Statistical Area. The county was formed in 1779 from the part of Tryon County. It was named for Benjamin Lincoln, a general in the American Revolutionary War, in 1782 the southeastern part of Burke County was annexed to Lincoln County. In 1841 parts of Lincoln County and Rutherford County were combined to form Cleveland County, in 1842 the northern third of Lincoln County became Catawba County. In 1846 the southern half of what was left of Lincoln County became Gaston County. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 307 square miles. The population density was 261.76 people per square mile, there were 33,641 housing units at an average density of 112.51 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 89. 4% White,5. 5% Black or African American,0. 3% Native American,0. 5% Asian,0.
02% Pacific Islander,2. 7% from other races, and 1. 6% from two or more races. 6. 7% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,22. 3% of all households were made up of individuals and 8. 4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.56 and the family size was 2.97. In the county, the population was out with 23. 6% under the age of 18,7. 5% from 18 to 24,26. 2% from 25 to 44,29. 5% from 45 to 64. The median age was 40.4 years, for every 100 females there were 98.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.8 males, the median income for a household in the county was $42,456, and the median income for a family was $48,298. Males had an income of $41,441 versus $30,480 for females. The per capita income for the county was $21,861. About 10. 4% of families and 15. 8% of the population were below the poverty line, Lincoln County is a member of the regional Centralina Council of Governments. Gaston College - Community College located in Dallas, North Carolina with a campus in Lincolnton offering associate degree, Certificate
Charlotte metropolitan area
The Charlotte metropolitan area is a metropolitan area/region of North and South Carolina within and surrounding the city of Charlotte. Located in the Piedmont of the Southeastern United States, the Charlotte metropolitan area is known for its auto racing history. The region is headquarters to 8 Fortune 500 and 7 Fortune 1000 companies including Bank of America, Duke Energy, Sealed Air Corporation, Nucor Steel, additional headquarters include Harris Teeter, Food Lion and Sundrop. It is home to one of the worlds busiest airports, Charlotte Douglas International Airport, the Charlotte MSA is the largest in the Carolinas, and the sixth largest metropolitan area in the Southeastern region of the United States behind Washington, D. C. The Charlotte–Concord–Gastonia Metropolitan Statistical Area is defined as seven counties in North Carolina, the population of the MSA was 2,426,363 according to 2015 Census estimates. Charlotte is the 17th largest city and 22nd largest metro area in the United States, Charlotte is the 2nd largest city in the Southeast.
The aforementioned MSA is the metropolitan area included in the CSA. The term does retain a marketing value, and is used by many businesses in the area. Metrolina refers to the region includes the cities of, Concord, Gastonia. The term Charlotte USA refers to the 16-county region, which includes 12 counties in North Carolina and 4 counties in South Carolina, the term is championed by the Charlotte Regional Partnership, a non-profit organization made up of both private- and public-sector members from throughout the Charlotte region. This organization represents one of seven officially designated economic development regions in North Carolina and this term, however, is used only sparingly among locals. The official Charlotte metropolitan area includes the Charlotte–Concord–Gastonia MSA, the Charlotte CSA includes all the MSA counties along with the following micropolitan areas and Shelby. The Charlotte Regional Partnership identifies four additional counties to the what they refer to as the Charlotte Region.
S, the Charlotte Area Transit System is the local public transit agency that operates bus service that serves Charlotte and its immediate suburban communities in both North and South Carolina. CATS operates a rail line and is building a commuter rail network as a supplement to its established bus transit throughout the region. Plans are for it to stretch initially to Mooresville, Matthews, charlotte-Douglas International Airport will be connected to the system by streetcar. The Charlotte region is served by 2 major interstate highways. I-40 passes through the center of Iredell County, which is the region of the Charlotte metro. Other important US highways in the include, US74, US52, US321, US601
Union County, North Carolina
Union County is a county located in the U. S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2010 census, the population was 201,292, Union County is included in the Charlotte-Concord-Gastonia, NC-SC Metropolitan Statistical Area. The county was formed in 1842 from parts of Anson County and its name was a compromise between Whigs, who wanted to name the new county for Henry Clay, and Democrats, who wanted to name it for Andrew Jackson. The Helms, Starnes, McRorie, and Belk families took a part in the Monroe and Charlotte. Most of these came from Goose Creek Township. Monroe, the county seat of Union County, became a point during the Civil Rights Movement. In 1958, local NAACP Chapter President Robert F. Williams defended a nine-year-old African-American boy who had been kissed by a girl in an incident known as the Kissing Case. A second African-American boy, aged seven, was convicted and sentenced to live in a juvenile reformatory until he was 21 for simply witnessing the act. In 1961, Williams was accused of kidnapping an elderly white couple, Williams fled and went into exile in Cuba and in the Peoples Republic of China before returning to the United States.
According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 640 square miles. The population density was 194 people per square mile, there were 45,695 housing units at an average density of 314 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 79. 0% White,11. 7% Black or African American,0. 4% Native American,1. 6% Asian,0. 03% Pacific Islander,5. 3% from other races, and 1. 9% from two or more races. 10. 4% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,6. 10% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.94 and the family size was 3.3. In the county, the population was out with 32. 90% under the age of 20,4. 7% from 20 to 24,27. 7% from 25 to 44,25. 2% from 45 to 64. The median age was 36.2 years, Union County is a member of the regional Centralina Council of Governments. Located in the City of Monroe at the Charlotte-Monroe Executive Airport, the event generates crowds that have exceeded 85,000 people making it one of the top 25 tourism related events in the Charlotte Region.
Brooklandwood in the Union County town of Mineral Springs is the site of the Queens Cup Steeplechase, the program consists of several races, and is held the last Saturday of April
Fort Worth Star-Telegram
The Fort Worth Star-Telegram is a U. S. daily newspaper serving Fort Worth and the western half of the North Texas area known as the Metroplex. Its area of domination is checked by its rival, The Dallas Morning News. It is owned by The McClatchy Company, in May 1905, Amon G. Carter accepted a job as an advertising space salesman in Fort Worth. A few months later, he agreed to finance and run a new newspaper in town. The Fort Worth Star printed its first newspaper on February 1,1906, the Star lost money, and was in danger of going bankrupt when Carter had an audacious idea, raise additional money and purchase his newspapers main competition, the Fort Worth Telegram. In November 1908, the Star purchased the Telegram for $100,000, the newspaper created WBAP in 1922 and Texas first television station, WBAP-TV, in 1948. The Star-Telegram’s circulation area is the Fort Worth/Arlington metro area and 14 surrounding counties, the newspapers primary market is the four-county Fort Worth/Arlington metro area, as well as the Dallas and Fort Worth suburb of Grand Prairie.
The Fort Worth/Arlington metro area is the part of the fourth-largest U. S. metropolitan area. Fort Worth/Arlington ranks 29th most populous as a metro area,1981 Pulitzer Prize for Spot News Photography, Larry C. Price for his photographs from Liberia,1985 Pulitzer Prize for Public Service, Mark Thompson for reporting which revealed that nearly 250 U. S. The Star-Telegram is the nations oldest continuously operating online newspaper, starText, an ASCII-based service, was started in 1982 and eventually integrated into the papers current website. List of newspapers in Texas Dallas-Fort Worth portal Journalism portal Flemmons, The Texan Who Played Cowboy for America. The Star-Telegram official site The Star-Telegram official mobile site 2007 Top 100 Daily Newspapers in the U. S. by Circulation
Broadsheet
A broadsheet is the largest newspaper format and is characterized by long vertical pages. The term derives from types of popular prints usually just of a sheet, sold on the streets and containing various types of material. The first broadsheet newspaper was the Dutch Courante uyt Italien, other common newspaper formats include the smaller Berliner and tabloid/compact formats. Many broadsheets measure approximately 29 1⁄2 by 23 1⁄2 inches per full broadsheet spread and New Zealand broadsheets always have a paper size of A1 per spread. South African broadsheet newspapers have a spread sheet size of 820 by 578 mm or 32.3 by 22.8 in. Others measure 22 inches or 560 millimetres vertically, in the United States, the traditional dimensions for the front page half of a broadsheet are 15 inches wide by 22 3⁄4 inches long. However, in efforts to save newsprint costs many U. S. newspapers have downsized to 12 inches wide by 22 3⁄4 inches long for a folded page. Many rate cards and specification cards refer to the size with dimensions representing the front page half of a broadsheet size, rather than the full.
Some quote actual page size and others quote the area size. The two versions of the broadsheet are, Full broadsheet – The full broadsheet typically is folded vertically in half so that it forms four pages, the four pages are called a spread. Half broadsheet – The half broadsheet is usually a page that is not folded vertically and just includes a front. In uncommon instances, an entire newspaper can be a two-page half broadsheet or four-page full broadsheet, totally self-contained advertising circulars inserted in a newspaper in the same format are referred to as broadsheets. Broadsheets typically are folded horizontally in half to accommodate newsstand display space, the horizontal fold however does not affect the page numbers and the content remains vertical. The most important newspaper stories are placed above the fold and this contrasts with tabloids which typically do not have a horizontal fold. The broadsheet has since emerged as the most popular format for the dissemination of printed news, broadsheets developed after the British in 1712 placed a tax on newspapers based on the number of their pages.
The original purpose of the broadsheet, or broadside, was for the purpose of posting royal proclamations, eventually the people began using the broadsheet as a source for political activism by reprinting speeches, ballads or narrative songs originally performed by bards. With the early mechanization of the 19th century came an increase in production of printed materials including the broadside as well as the penny dreadful. In this period all over Europe began to print their issues on broadsheets
NASCAR
The National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing is an American family-owned and operated business venture that sanctions and governs multiple auto-racing sports events. Bill France Sr. founded the company in 1948 and his grandson Brian France became its CEO in 2003, NASCAR is motorsports preeminent stock-car racing organization. The three largest racing-series sanctioned by this company are the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series, the Xfinity Series, the company oversees NASCAR Local Racing, the Whelen Modified Tour, the Whelen All-American Series, and the NASCAR iRacing. com Series. NASCAR sanctions over 1,500 races at over 100 tracks in 39 of the 50 US states as well as in Canada. NASCAR has presented exhibition races at the Suzuka and Motegi circuits in Japan, the Autódromo Hermanos Rodríguez in Mexico, NASCAR has its official headquarters in Daytona Beach and maintains offices in the North Carolina cities of Charlotte and Conover. Regional offices are located in New York City and Los Angeles, with offices in Mexico City.
Owing to NASCARs Southern roots, all but a handful of NASCAR teams are based in North Carolina. NASCAR is second to the National Football League among professional sports franchises in terms of television viewers, its races are broadcast on television in over 150 countries. In 2004, NASCARs Director of Security stated that the company holds 17 of the Top 20 regularly attended single-day sporting events in the world, fortune 500 companies sponsor NASCAR more than any other motor sport, although this sponsorship has declined since the early-2000s. By the time the Bonneville Salt Flats became the location for pursuit of land speed records. Drivers raced on a 4. 1-mile course, consisting of a 1. 5–2. 0-mile stretch of beach as one straightaway, the two straights were connected by two tight, deeply rutted and sand covered turns at each end. Stock car racing in the United States has its origins in bootlegging during Prohibition, bootleggers needed to distribute their illicit products, and they typically used small, fast vehicles to better evade the police.
Many of the drivers would modify their cars for speed and handling, as well as increased cargo capacity, the cars continued to improve, and by the late 1940s, races featuring these cars were being run for pride and profit. These races were popular entertainment in the rural Southern United States, most races in those days were of modified cars. Street vehicles were lightened and reinforced, mechanic William France Sr. moved to Daytona Beach, from Washington, D. C. in 1935 to escape the Great Depression. He was familiar with the history of the area from the speed record attempts. France entered the 1936 Daytona event, finishing fifth and he took over running the course in 1938. He promoted a few races before World War II, France had the notion that people would enjoy watching stock cars race
Belleville News-Democrat
For the Kentucky newspaper, please see News Democrat & Leader. The Belleville News-Democrat is a newspaper in Belleville, Illinois. Focusing on news that is local to the area of southwestern Illinois, as of 2009, it is published by The McClatchy Company, and is based in St. Clair County, Illinois. It publishes content in print as well as online at bnd. com, the Belleville News-Democrat was founded in 1858 as the Weekly Democrat. In the early 1860s, it merged with the Belleville News to become the Belleville News-Democrat and it was a family-owned newspaper until 1972, when it was purchased by Capital Cities Communications. When Disney acquired Capital Cities, it owned the News-Democrat until Knight Ridder acquired the newspaper in 1997. McClatchy acquired the paper in 2006 with its purchase of Knight Ridder, the Belleville News-Democrat has been featured on the television programs 60 Minutes and Nightline, as an example of investigative reporting. In 2003, an article in Editor & Publisher called the News-Democrat one of Ten newspapers that do it right under the leadership of publisher, Gary Berkeley.
It is the newspaper in Illinois or Missouri to grow net paid circulation for ten years in a row. The newspaper employs approximately 280 people, plus about 75 at its weekly ancillary papers, the newsroom staff consists of 26 reporters,12 editors, seven copy editors, four photographers, three newsroom assistants and an editorial cartoonist. It publishes separate editions in Madison County and St. Clair County
York County, South Carolina
York County is a county located in the north-central section of the U. S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2010 census, the population was 226,073 and its county seat is York, South Carolina, and its largest city is Rock Hill. The county is served by one interstate highway, I-77, York County is part of the Charlotte-Concord-Gastonia, NC-Rock Hill SC Metropolitan Statistical Area. With a population of nearly 6,000 at the time of first European contact, the native inhabitants, hernando de Soto passed through the area in the 1540s in his search for gold. The Province of South Carolina was founded in 1670, twelve years it was divided into three counties. One of these, Craven County, roughly encompassed the northern half of the colony, the first European settlers in the Carolina Piedmont, traditionally called the South Carolina Upcountry, were Scots-Irish Presbyterians. In 1762 Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, was formed from western Anson, five years later, the area became part of Tryon County, North Carolina, which comprised all of North Carolina west of the Catawba River and south of Rowan County.
This area would remain a part of Tryon County until 1772, after its transfer to South Carolina in 1772, much of the area was known as the New Acquisition. By 1780, the Carolina Upcountry had an population of more than 250,000, predominantly Scots-Irish Presbyterians. The Scots-Irish settled in a dispersed community pattern denoted by communal, family-related groups known as clachans, much the same as in Pennsylvania and Ulster, the clachans developed around the Presbyterian Kirks, or meetinghouses, and became the forerunners of the congregations. In York County, the Four B churches, all Presbyterian—- Bethel, Beersheba, militia units, or Beat Companies, enrolled every able-bodied man on the frontier. Led by men such as William Billy Hill, William Bratton and these defeats forced Cornwallis northward, and led to his ultimate surrender at Yorktown. After the defeat of the British, Upcountry residents enjoyed a greater share of administration in their region, the area experienced phenomenal growth after the war.
In first United States census, York County had a population of 6,604,923 were listed as slaves, less than 15% of the countys population lived in bondage in 1790, while the state averaged 30%. A county seat was laid out in 1786 at Fergus Cross Roads, the new town was first known as the village of York, or more commonly York Court House. In 1841, the town was incorporated as Yorkville, in 1823 its population, was 441—which included 292 whites and 149 blacks. By 1840 the population had reached 600, and in 1850 Yorkville consisted of 93 dwellings and 617 inhabitants, by 1860, the population of the town had topped 1, 300—an increase of more than 125% in only one decade. During the Civil War, the became a focal point for residents from the Lowcountry as a refugee destination during Union occupation of their towns
International Standard Serial Number
An International Standard Serial Number is an eight-digit serial number used to uniquely identify a serial publication. The ISSN is especially helpful in distinguishing between serials with the same title, ISSN are used in ordering, interlibrary loans, and other practices in connection with serial literature. The ISSN system was first drafted as an International Organization for Standardization international standard in 1971, ISO subcommittee TC 46/SC9 is responsible for maintaining the standard. When a serial with the content is published in more than one media type. For example, many serials are published both in print and electronic media, the ISSN system refers to these types as print ISSN and electronic ISSN, respectively. The format of the ISSN is an eight digit code, divided by a hyphen into two four-digit numbers, as an integer number, it can be represented by the first seven digits. The last code digit, which may be 0-9 or an X, is a check digit. Formally, the form of the ISSN code can be expressed as follows, NNNN-NNNC where N is in the set, a digit character.
The ISSN of the journal Hearing Research, for example, is 0378-5955, where the final 5 is the check digit, for calculations, an upper case X in the check digit position indicates a check digit of 10. To confirm the check digit, calculate the sum of all eight digits of the ISSN multiplied by its position in the number, the modulus 11 of the sum must be 0. There is an online ISSN checker that can validate an ISSN, ISSN codes are assigned by a network of ISSN National Centres, usually located at national libraries and coordinated by the ISSN International Centre based in Paris. The International Centre is an organization created in 1974 through an agreement between UNESCO and the French government. The International Centre maintains a database of all ISSNs assigned worldwide, at the end of 2016, the ISSN Register contained records for 1,943,572 items. ISSN and ISBN codes are similar in concept, where ISBNs are assigned to individual books, an ISBN might be assigned for particular issues of a serial, in addition to the ISSN code for the serial as a whole.
An ISSN, unlike the ISBN code, is an identifier associated with a serial title. For this reason a new ISSN is assigned to a serial each time it undergoes a major title change, separate ISSNs are needed for serials in different media. Thus, the print and electronic versions of a serial need separate ISSNs. Also, a CD-ROM version and a web version of a serial require different ISSNs since two different media are involved, the same ISSN can be used for different file formats of the same online serial
United States
