The Death of Socrates is an oil on canvas painted by French painter Jacques-Louis David in 1787. The painting was part of the neoclassical style, popular in the 1780s, that depicted subjects from the Classical age, in this case the story of the execution of Socrates as told by Plato in his Phaedo. In this story, Socrates has been convicted of corrupting the youth of Athens and introducing strange gods, and has been sentenced to die by drinking poison hemlock. Socrates uses his death as a final lesson for his pupils rather than fleeing when the opportunity arises, and faces it calmly. The Phaedo depicts the death of Socrates and is also Plato's fourth and last dialogue to detail the philosopher's final days, which is also detailed in Euthyphro, Apology, and Crito.
The Death of Socrates
The Death of Socrates by Pierre Peyron
The Death of Socrates by Giambettino Cignaroli
The Death of Socrates by Jacques-Philip-Joseph de Saint-Quentin
Jacques-Louis David was a French painter in the Neoclassical style, considered to be the preeminent painter of the era. In the 1780s, his cerebral brand of history painting marked a change in taste away from Rococo frivolity toward classical austerity, severity, and heightened feeling, which harmonized with the moral climate of the final years of the Ancien Régime.
Self-Portrait, 1794 (Musée du Louvre)
Portrait of David as a youth, c. 1765, by his tutor Joseph-Marie Vien
Mademoiselle Guimard as Terpsichore, 1774–1775, an early work
Equestrian portrait of Stanisław Kostka Potocki (1781)