1.
News program
–
A news program, news programme, news show, or newscast is a regularly scheduled radio or television program that reports current events. News is typically reported in a series of stories that are presented by one or more anchors. A news program can include live or recorded interviews by field reporters, expert opinions, opinion poll results, a special category of news programs are entirely editorial in format. These host polemic debates between pundits of various ideological philosophies
News program
2.
Sting (musician)
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Gordon Matthew Thomas Sumner, CBE, better known by his stage name Sting, is an English musician, singer, songwriter, and actor. He was the songwriter, lead singer, and bassist for the new wave rock band The Police from 1977 to 1984. He has included elements of rock, jazz, reggae, classical, new-age and he was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 2002 and the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of The Police in 2003. In 2000, he received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for recording, in 2003, Sting received a CBE from Elizabeth II at Buckingham Palace for services to music, and was made a Kennedy Center Honoree at the White House in 2014. He was awarded the Polar Music Prize in 2017, with The Police, Sting became one of the worlds best-selling music artists. Solo and with The Police combined, he has sold over 100 million records, in 2006, Paste ranked him 62nd of the 100 best living songwriters. He was 63rd of VH1s 100 greatest artists of rock, and he grew up near Wallsends shipyards, which made an impression on him. At eight or ten years old, he was inspired by the Queen Mother waving at him from a Rolls-Royce to divert from the shipyard prospect towards a more glamorous life. He helped his father deliver milk and by ten was obsessed with an old Spanish guitar left by a friend of his father. He attended St Cuthberts Grammar School in Newcastle upon Tyne and he visited nightclubs such as Club AGogo to see Cream and Manfred Mann, who influenced his music. After being a bus conductor, building labourer and tax officer, he attended Northern Counties College of Education from 1971 to 1974 and he taught at St Pauls First School in Cramlington for two years. Sting performed jazz in the evening, weekends and during breaks from college and he played with the Phoenix Jazzmen, Newcastle Big Band, and Last Exit. He gained his nickname after his habit of wearing a black, bandleader Gordon Solomon thought he looked like a bee, which prompted the name Sting. In the 1985 documentary Bring on the Night a journalist called him Gordon, to which he replied, My children call me Sting, my mother calls me Sting, in Time in 2011 he said, I was never called Gordon. You could shout Gordon in the street and I would just move out of your way, in January 1977, Sting moved from Newcastle to London and joined Stewart Copeland and Henry Padovani to form The Police. From 1978 to 1983 they had five UK chart-topping albums, won six Grammy Awards and their initial sound was punk-inspired, but they switched to reggae rock and minimalist pop. Their final album, Synchronicity, was nominated for five Grammy Awards including Album of the Year and it included their most successful song, Every Breath You Take, written by Sting, in 1983. While never formally breaking up, after Synchronicity the group agreed to concentrate on solo projects, as the years went by, the band members, particularly Sting, dismissed the possibility of reforming
Sting (musician)
–
Sting performing at
Madison Square Garden, New York on 1 August 2007
Sting (musician)
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Sting performing in
Norway during 1985
Sting (musician)
–
Sting and
Bono at the
Conspiracy of Hope concert in
New Jersey, 1986
Sting (musician)
–
Sting with the Police at
Madison Square Garden, New York, 1 August 2007
3.
James Horner
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James Roy Horner was an American composer, conductor and orchestrator of film scores. He was known for the integration of choral and electronic elements in many of his film scores, and for his frequent use of motifs associated with Celtic music. His first major film score was for the 1979 film The Lady in Red, but did not establish himself as a mainstream composer until he worked on the 1982 film Star Trek II, The Wrath of Khan. Horner composed music for over 100 films, he won two Academy Awards, two Golden Globe Awards, three Satellite Awards, and three Saturn Awards, and was nominated for three British Academy Film Awards. Horner was killed in a single-fatality crash of his Short Tucano turboprop aircraft at the age of 61, Horner was born in 1953 in Los Angeles, California, to Jewish immigrants. His father, Harry Horner, was born in Holíč, then a part of Austria-Hungary and he immigrated to the United States in 1935 and worked as a set designer and art director. His mother, Joan Ruth, was born into a prominent Canadian family, Horners brother Christopher is a writer and documentary filmmaker. James Horner started playing piano at the age of five and his early years were spent in London, where he attended the Royal College of Music. He returned to America, where he attended Verde Valley School in Sedona, Arizona, after he earned a masters degree, he started work on his doctorate at the University of California, Los Angeles, where he studied with Paul Chihara, among others. After several scoring assignments with the American Film Institute in the 1970s, he finished teaching a course in theory at UCLA. Horner was also a pilot, and owned several small airplanes. Horner began his career scoring films by working for B film director, Horners first composer credit was for Cormans Battle Beyond the Stars. From there, his works gained notice in Hollywood, which enabled him to take on larger projects, One of his first major film scores was for the 1979 film The Lady in Red. Horners major breakthrough came in 1982, when he had the chance to score the music to Star Trek II, The Wrath of Khan, Horner continued composing music for high-profile releases during the 1980s, including 48 Hrs. Krull, Star Trek III, The Search for Spock, Commando, Cocoon, Aliens, *batteries not included, Willow, Glory and he frequently collaborated with film director Ron Howard, a partnership that began with Cocoon in 1985. Aliens earned Horner his first Academy Award nomination for Best Original Score in 1987, somewhere Out There, which he co-composed and co-wrote with Barry Mann and Cynthia Weil for An American Tail, was also nominated that year for Best Original Song. A Dinosaurs Story, The Pagemaster, and Casper, Jumanji, and Balto, Mighty Joe Young, Horners biggest financial and critical success would come with the score to the 1997 film Titanic. The album became the best-selling primarily orchestral soundtrack in history, selling over 27 million copies worldwide, at the 70th Academy Awards, Horner won Oscars for Best Original Dramatic Score and Best Original Song for My Heart Will Go On
James Horner
–
James Horner in 2015
4.
General Motors Building
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Cadillac Place, formerly the General Motors Building, is a landmark high-rise office complex located at 3044 West Grand Boulevard in the New Center area of Detroit, Michigan. It was renamed for the French founder of Detroit, Antoine Laumet de La Mothe and it is a National Historic Landmark in Michigan, listed in 1985. After much pressure by the General Motors Board of Directors, William C. Durant agreed in 1919 to construct a permanent headquarters in Detroit for the company he formed in 1908. The corporation purchased the block between Cass and Second on West Grand Boulevard and removed the 48 structures from the site to begin work. Groundbreaking was held June 2,1919 and the Cass Avenue wing was ready for occupancy in November 1920 while the remainder of the building was under construction. The building was named for Durant, but an internal power struggle led to his ouster in 1921. However, the initial “D” had already been carved above the main entrance, the structure was completed in 1922, and served as General Motors world headquarters from 1923 until 2001. It is approximately 2 miles to the southeast of Detroit/Hamtramck Assembly, in 2001 GM moved the last of its employees into the Renaissance Center on the Detroit River. The Annex was constructed shortly after the building, and in the 1940s. A parking structure was constructed to the east across Cass Avenue, a third bridge was constructed across Grand Boulevard in the early 1980s, to connect the building with New Center One and the St. Regis Hotel. The building now houses several Government of Michigan agencies under a 20-year lease agreement approved in 1998, at the end of the lease, the State has the option to purchase the structure for $1. The buildings 2002 renovation to house State offices was one of the nations largest historic renovation projects, upon completion it was renamed Cadillac Place as a tribute to Detroits founder, Antoine Laumet de La Mothe, sieur de Cadillac. Cadillac Place currently houses over 2,000 State employees including the Michigan Court of Appeals for District I, the buildings former executive office suite serves as the Detroit office for Michigans governor and attorney general, and several Justices of the Michigan Supreme Court have offices in the building. Cadillac Place rises 15 stories to a height of 220 feet. It was originally constructed with 1,200,000 sq ft and expanded to 1,395,000 sq ft. Designated a National Historic Landmark on June 2,1978, it is an exquisite example of Neoclassical architecture. Designed by noted architect Albert Kahn, the structure consists of a base with four parallel 15-story wings connecting to a central perpendicular backbone. Kahn used this design to allow sunlight and natural ventilation to each of the buildings hundreds of individual offices. The entire building is faced in limestone and is crowned with a two-story Corinthian colonnade, in 1923, it opened as the second largest office building in the world
General Motors Building
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Cadillac Place former General Motors Building
General Motors Building
–
Main entrance from West Grand Blvd.
General Motors Building
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Interior shopping arcade
General Motors Building
–
Second Avenue facade
5.
New York City
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The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States. With an estimated 2015 population of 8,550,405 distributed over an area of about 302.6 square miles. Located at the tip of the state of New York. Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy and has described as the cultural and financial capital of the world. Situated on one of the worlds largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, the five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898. In 2013, the MSA produced a gross metropolitan product of nearly US$1.39 trillion, in 2012, the CSA generated a GMP of over US$1.55 trillion. NYCs MSA and CSA GDP are higher than all but 11 and 12 countries, New York City traces its origin to its 1624 founding in Lower Manhattan as a trading post by colonists of the Dutch Republic and was named New Amsterdam in 1626. The city and its surroundings came under English control in 1664 and were renamed New York after King Charles II of England granted the lands to his brother, New York served as the capital of the United States from 1785 until 1790. It has been the countrys largest city since 1790, the Statue of Liberty greeted millions of immigrants as they came to the Americas by ship in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and is a symbol of the United States and its democracy. In the 21st century, New York has emerged as a node of creativity and entrepreneurship, social tolerance. Several sources have ranked New York the most photographed city in the world, the names of many of the citys bridges, tapered skyscrapers, and parks are known around the world. Manhattans real estate market is among the most expensive in the world, Manhattans Chinatown incorporates the highest concentration of Chinese people in the Western Hemisphere, with multiple signature Chinatowns developing across the city. Providing continuous 24/7 service, the New York City Subway is one of the most extensive metro systems worldwide, with 472 stations in operation. Over 120 colleges and universities are located in New York City, including Columbia University, New York University, and Rockefeller University, during the Wisconsinan glaciation, the New York City region was situated at the edge of a large ice sheet over 1,000 feet in depth. The ice sheet scraped away large amounts of soil, leaving the bedrock that serves as the foundation for much of New York City today. Later on, movement of the ice sheet would contribute to the separation of what are now Long Island and Staten Island. The first documented visit by a European was in 1524 by Giovanni da Verrazzano, a Florentine explorer in the service of the French crown and he claimed the area for France and named it Nouvelle Angoulême. Heavy ice kept him from further exploration, and he returned to Spain in August and he proceeded to sail up what the Dutch would name the North River, named first by Hudson as the Mauritius after Maurice, Prince of Orange
New York City
–
Clockwise, from top:
Midtown Manhattan,
Times Square, the
Unisphere in
Queens, the
Brooklyn Bridge,
Lower Manhattan with
One World Trade Center,
Central Park, the
headquarters of the United Nations, and the
Statue of Liberty
New York City
–
New Amsterdam, centered in the eventual
Lower Manhattan, in 1664, the year
England took control and renamed it "New York".
New York City
–
The
Battle of Long Island, the largest battle of the
American Revolution, took place in
Brooklyn in 1776.
New York City
–
Broadway follows the Native American Wickquasgeck Trail through Manhattan.
6.
Multi-camera setup
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The multiple-camera setup, multiple-camera mode of production, multi-camera or simply multicam is a method of filmmaking and video production. Several cameras—either film or professional video cameras—are employed on the set and it is often contrasted with single-camera setup, which uses one camera. In this way, multiple shots are obtained in a single take without having to start and this is more efficient for programs that are to be shown a short time after being shot as it reduces the time spent film editing or video editing the footage. It is also a necessity for regular, high-output shows like daily soap operas. It also reduces the complexity of tracking continuity issues that crop up when the scene is reshot from the different angles and it is an essential part of live television. These can be hidden from just one camera but can be more complicated to set up. Another drawback is in film usage—a four-camera setup will use up to four times as much film per take, while shooting, the director and assistant director create a line cut by instructing the technical director to switch between the feed from the individual cameras. In the case of sitcoms with studio audiences, this cut is typically displayed to them on studio monitors. The line cut might be refined later in editing, as often the output from all cameras is recorded, both separately and as a combined reference display called the q split. The camera currently being recorded to the cut is indicated by a tally light controlled by a camera control unit on the camera as a reference both for the actors and the camera operators. When sound came into the picture multiple cameras were used to film sets at a single time. Early sound was recorded onto wax discs that could not be edited, the BBC routinely used multiple cameras for their live television shows from 1936 onward. Desilus innovation was to use 35mm film instead of 16mm and to film with a multiple-camera setup before a studio audience. In the late 1970s, Garry Marshall was credited with adding the fourth camera to the multi-camera set-up for his series Mork & Mindy, soon after, many productions followed suit and now having four cameras is the norm for multi-camera situation comedies. The multiple-camera method gives the director less control over each shot but is faster, in television, multiple-camera is commonly used for sports programs, news programs, soap operas, talk shows, game shows, and some sitcoms. Before the pre-filmed continuing series became the dominant dramatic form on American television, multiple cameras can take different shots of a live situation as the action unfolds chronologically and is suitable for shows which require a live audience. For this reason, multiple camera productions can be filmed or taped much faster than single camera, multiple-camera sitcoms were more simplified but have been compared to theatre work due to its similar set-up and use of theatre-experienced actors and crew members. The majority of British sitcoms and dramas from the 1950s to the early 1990s were made using four cameras, unlike the United States, the development of completed filmed programming, using the single camera method, was limited for several decades
Multi-camera setup
–
The Honeymooners was filmed using three
Electronicams.
Multi-camera setup
–
Diagram showing a multicamera setup
7.
CBS News
–
CBS News is the news division of American television and radio service CBS. The president of CBS News is David Rhodes, CBS News broadcasts include the CBS Evening News, CBS This Morning, news magazine programs CBS Sunday Morning,60 Minutes and 48 Hours, and Sunday morning political affairs program Face the Nation. CBS operates a 24-hour news network called CBSN, the first live anchored 24-hour streaming news network that is exclusively online, in December 1930 CBS chief William S. Paley hired journalist Paul W. White away from United Press as CBSs news editor. Paley put the networks news operation at the same level as entertainment. Along with other networks, CBS chafed at the breaking news embargo imposed upon radio by the wire services, CBS disregarded an embargo when it broke the story of the Lindbergh kidnapping in 1932, using live on-the-air reporting. Radio networks scooped print outlets with news of the 1932 presidential election, in March 1933 White was named vice president and general manager in charge of news at CBS. As the first head of CBS News, he began to build an organization that established a legendary reputation. In 1935 White hired Edward R. Murrow, and sent him to London in 1937 to run CBS Radios European operation, White led a staff that would come to include Charles Collingwood, William L. Shirer, Eric Sevareid, John Charles Daly, Joseph C. Harsch Cecil Brown, Elmer Davis, Quincy Howe, H. V. Kaltenborn, CBS was getting its ducks in a row for the biggest news story in history, World War II, wrote radio historian John Dunning. Upon becoming commercial station WCBW in 1941, the pioneer CBS television station in New York City broadcast two daily news programs, at 2,30 and 7,30 p. m. weekdays, anchored by Richard Hubbell. Most of the newscasts featured Hubbell reading a script with only occasional cutaways to a map or still photograph, when Pearl Harbor was bombed on December 7,1941, WCBW, took to the air at 8,45 p. m. with an extensive special report. The national emergency even broke down the wall between CBS radio and television. The WCBW special report that night lasted less than 90 minutes, but that special broadcast pushed the limits of live television in 1941 and opened up new possibilities for future broadcasts. Additional newscasts were scheduled in the days of the war. In May 1944, as the war began to turn in favor of the Allies, WCBW reopened the studios and the newscasts returned, briefly anchored by Ned Calmer, and then by Everett Holles. After the war, expanded news programs appeared on the WCBW schedule – whose call letters were changed to WCBS-TV in 1946 – first anchored by Milo Boulton, and later by Douglas Edwards. On May 3,1948, Edwards began anchoring CBS Television News and it aired every weeknight at 7,30 p. m. and was the first regularly scheduled, network television news program featuring an anchor. NBCs offering at the time, NBC Television Newsreel, was simply film footage with voice narration, the broadcast was renamed the CBS Evening News when Walter Cronkite replaced Edwards in 1962
CBS News
–
Douglas Edwards on the CBS news set in 1952.
8.
CBS
–
CBS is an American commercial broadcast television network that is a flagship property of CBS Corporation. The company is headquartered at the CBS Building in New York City with major facilities and operations in New York City. CBS is sometimes referred to as the Eye Network, in reference to the iconic logo. It has also called the Tiffany Network, alluding to the perceived high quality of CBS programming during the tenure of William S. Paley. It can also refer to some of CBSs first demonstrations of color television, the network has its origins in United Independent Broadcasters Inc. a collection of 16 radio stations that was purchased by Paley in 1928 and renamed the Columbia Broadcasting System. Under Paleys guidance, CBS would first become one of the largest radio networks in the United States, in 1974, CBS dropped its former full name and became known simply as CBS, Inc. In 2000, CBS came under the control of Viacom, which was formed as a spin-off of CBS in 1971, CBS Corporation is controlled by Sumner Redstone through National Amusements, which also controls the current Viacom. The television network has more than 240 owned-and-operated and affiliated stations throughout the United States. The origins of CBS date back to January 27,1927, Columbia Phonographic went on the air on September 18,1927, with a presentation by the Howard Barlow Orchestra from flagship station WOR in Newark, New Jersey, and fifteen affiliates. Operational costs were steep, particularly the payments to AT&T for use of its land lines, in early 1928 Judson sold the network to brothers Isaac and Leon Levy, owners of the networks Philadelphia affiliate WCAU, and their partner Jerome Louchenheim. With the record out of the picture, Paley quickly streamlined the corporate name to Columbia Broadcasting System. He believed in the power of advertising since his familys La Palina cigars had doubled their sales after young William convinced his elders to advertise on radio. By September 1928, Paley bought out the Louchenheim share of CBS, during Louchenheims brief regime, Columbia paid $410,000 to A. H. Grebes Atlantic Broadcasting Company for a small Brooklyn station, WABC, which would become the networks flagship station. WABC was quickly upgraded, and the relocated to 860 kHz. The physical plant was relocated also – to Steinway Hall on West 57th Street in Manhattan, by the turn of 1929, the network could boast to sponsors of having 47 affiliates. Paley moved right away to put his network on a financial footing. In the fall of 1928, he entered talks with Adolph Zukor of Paramount Pictures. The deal came to fruition in September 1929, Paramount acquired 49% of CBS in return for a block of its stock worth $3.8 million at the time
CBS
–
Paley's management saw a twentyfold increase in gross income in his first decade.
CBS
–
Wholesome
Kate Smith, Paley's choice for La Palina Hour, was unthreatening to home and hearth
CBS
–
When
Charlie Chaplin finally allowed the world to hear his voice after 20 years of mime, he chose CBS's airwaves to do it on.
CBS
–
CBS west coast headquarters reflected its industry stature while hosting its top Hollywood talent.
9.
1080i
–
1080i is an abbreviation referring to a combination of frame resolution and scan type, used in high-definition television and high-definition video. The number 1080 refers to the number of lines on the screen. The term assumes a widescreen ratio of 16,9, so the 1080 lines of vertical resolution implies 1920 columns of horizontal resolution. A1920 pixels ×1080 lines screen has a total of 2.1 megapixels and this format is used in the SMPTE 292M standard. The choice of 1080 lines originates with Charles Poynton, who in the early 1990s pushed for square pixels to be used in HD video formats, within the designation 1080i, the i stands for interlaced scan. A frame of 1080i video consists of two fields of 1920 horizontal and 540 vertical pixels. The first field consists of all odd-numbered TV lines and the second all even numbered lines, 1080i differs from 1080p, where the p stands for progressive scan, where all lines in a frame are captured at the same time. In native or pure 1080i, the two fields of a frame correspond to different instants, so motion portrayal is good and this is true for interlaced video in general and can be easily observed in still images taken of fast motion scenes. However, when 1080p material is captured at 25 or 30 frames/second, it is converted to 1080i at 50 or 60 fields/second, respectively, in this situation both fields in a frame do correspond to the same instant. The field-to-instant relation is more complex for the case of 1080p at 24 frames/second converted to 1080i at 60 fields/second. Both field rates can be carried by digital television broadcast formats such as ATSC, DVB. The frame rate can be implied by the context, while the rate is generally specified after the letter i. In this case 1080i60 refers to 60 fields per second, the European Broadcasting Union prefers to use the resolution and frame rate separated by a slash, as in 1080i/30 and 1080i/25, likewise 480i/30 and 576i/25. Resolutions of 1080i60 or 1080i50 often refers to 1080i/30 or 1080i/25 in EBU notation, 1080i is directly compatible with some CRT HDTVs on which it can be displayed natively in interlaced form, but for display on progressive-scan—e. g. Most new LCD and plasma TVs, it must be deinterlaced, depending on the televisions video processing capabilities, the resulting video quality may vary, but may not necessarily suffer. For example, film material at 25fps may be deinterlaced from 1080i50 to restore a full 1080p resolution at the frame rate without any loss. Preferably video material with 50 or 60 motion phases/second is to be converted to 50p or 60p before display, worldwide, most HD channels on satellite and cable broadcast in 1080i. This also allows local newscasts on these ABC affiliates to be produced in the resolution to match the picture quality of their 1080i competitors
1080i
–
An example frame of poorly deinterlaced video. Despite the fact that most TV transmissions are interlaced, plasma and LCD display technologies are progressively scanned. Consequently, flat-panel TVs convert an interlaced source to progressive scan for display, which can have an adverse impact on motion portrayal on inexpensive models.
10.
Dolby Digital
–
Dolby Digital is the name for audio compression technologies developed by Dolby Laboratories. It was originally named Dolby Stereo Digital until 1994, except for Dolby TrueHD, the audio compression is lossy. The first use of Dolby Digital was to digital sound in cinemas from 35mm film prints. It is now used for other applications such as TV broadcast, DVDs, Blu-ray Discs. Batman Returns was the first film to use Dolby Digital technology when it premiered in theaters in the summer of 1992. Dolby Digital cinema soundtracks are optically recorded on a 35 mm release print using sequential data blocks placed between every perforation hole on the track side of the film. A constant bit rate of 320 kbit/s is used, a charge-coupled device scanner in the image projector picks up a scanned video image of this area, and a processor correlates the image area and extracts the digital data as an AC-3 bitstream. The data is decoded into a 5.1 channel audio source. All film prints with Dolby Digital data also have Dolby Stereo analogue soundtracks using Dolby SR noise reduction, almost all current release cinema prints are of this type and may also include SDDS data and a timecode track to synchronize CD-ROMs carrying DTS soundtracks. The simplest way of converting existing projectors is to add a so-called penthouse digital soundhead above the projector head, however, for new projectors it made sense to use dual analogue/digital soundheads in the normal optical soundhead position under the projector head. To allow for the arrangement the data is recorded 26 frames ahead of the picture. If a penthouse soundhead is used, the data must be delayed in the processor for the amount of time. This delay can be adjusted in steps of the time between perforations, as of 2015, Dolby Digital in the cinema is being gradually replaced with Dolby Surround 7.1, a process that may take up to 2018 to complete.1 Creator. Dolby Digital is the version containing up to six discrete channels of sound. The most elaborate mode in use involves five channels for normal-range speakers. Mono and stereo modes are also supported, AC-3 supports audio sample-rates up to 48 kHz. This format has different names, Dolby Digital DD AC-3 ATSC A/52 Before 1996, was marketed as Dolby Surround AC-3, Dolby Stereo Digital, in 1991, a limited experimental release of Star Trek 6 in Dolby Digital played in 3 US theatres. In 1992, Batman Returns is the first movie to be released in Dolby Digital, Dolby Digital EX is similar in practice to Dolbys earlier Pro-Logic format, which utilized matrix technology to add a center surround channel and single rear surround channel to stereo soundtracks
Dolby Digital
–
A Dolby Digital Penthouse Soundhead mounted on a mid-'50s vintage Kalee model 20 projector
Dolby Digital
–
A photo of a 35 mm film print featuring all four audio formats (or quad track)- from left to right:
Sony Dynamic Digital Sound (SDDS) (blue area to the left of the sprocket holes), Dolby Digital (grey area between the sprocket holes labelled with the Dolby Double-D logo in the middle), analog optical sound (the two white lines to the right of the sprocket holes), and the
DTS time code (the dashed line to the far right.)
Dolby Digital
–
A Dolby home theater badge on a laptop
11.
CBS This Morning
–
CBS This Morning is an American morning television program that is broadcast on CBS. It is the tenth distinct morning news-features program format that CBS has aired since 1954, the weekday edition of the program is currently anchored by Charlie Rose, Gayle King and Norah ODonnell. The program emphasizes general national and international stories and in-depth reports throughout each edition, although it also includes live in-studio. Sullivan was replaced by Paula Zahn on February 26,1990, despite a far more successful team in Smith, Zahn and McEwen, CBS This Morning continued to languish in third place. It was, however, far more competitive than any of its predecessors, a new set and live format introduced in October 1995 had little effect on the ratings. Smith and Zahn left the program in June 1996, with CBS News correspondents Harold Dow, in August 1996, the program was revamped again, as simply This Morning, with McEwen and Jane Robelot as co-hosts, news anchor Jose Diaz-Balart and Craig Allen serving as weather anchor. Ratings went up slightly, and at one point the program moved ahead of Good Morning America in 1998. But its ratings success was brief, and CBS announced its decision to cancel the program in early 1999. Robelot left This Morning in June 1999 after it was revealed that the program would be replaced, assuras served as co-anchor and Chen as newsreader for the shows remaining five months. McEwen left the show at the end of September 1999 to prepare for the launch of The Early Show and was replaced by new anchor Russ Mitchell, the original This Morning ended in October 1999, after twelve years. It was replaced by The Early Show, which debuted the following Monday, though it had occasional peaks in the ratings, The Early Show was a perennial third-place finisher behind NBCs Today and ABCs Good Morning America. On November 15,2011, CBS News announced that The Early Show would be cancelled, on December 1,2011, the title of the new show was revealed as CBS This Morning. The executive producer of CBS This Morning is Chris Licht, who was hired by CBS in the spring of 2011 after serving as producer of MSNBCs morning news-discussion program Morning Joe. CBS instead tapped a trio of noted television veterans for the editions of This Morning, Early Show holdover Erica Hill, Gayle King. On July 26,2012, CBS announced that its Chief White House Correspondent Norah ODonnell would replace Hill starting in September 2012, Hill was pulled from the program immediately after the announcement, and was eventually released from her CBS contract. Instead, the show begins with introductions and teases by Rose and ODonnell. The first hour of the show, currently co-anchored by Rose, King and ODonnell, is news-intensive and includes more original journalism and analysis, more recently, the program has utilized local meteorologists from CBS stations to provide the forecast during major severe weather events. The first half-hour also includes a 30-second segment following the local weather break, more recently, the remaining time has been filled with a taped story introduced by that days anchor of the CBS Morning News
CBS This Morning
–
Charlie Rose since 2012
CBS This Morning
–
CBS This Morning
CBS This Morning
–
Gayle King since 2012
CBS This Morning
–
Norah O'Donnell since 2012
12.
American television
–
Television is one of the major mass media of the United States. The peak ownership percentage of households with at least one television set occurred during the 1996–97 season, individual broadcast television stations in the U. S. transmit on either VHF channels 2 through 13 or UHF channels 14 through 51. Over-the-air and subscription television networks, however, are not required to file for a license to operate, channels are usually sold in groups, rather than singularly. A la carte subscription services in the U. S, the United States has a decentralized, market-oriented television system, particularly in regard to broadcast television. The nation has a public television service known as the Public Broadcasting Service. Local media markets have their own stations, which may either be affiliated with or owned and operated by a television network. Arrangements in which television stations carried more than one network on its main signal were more common between the 1940s and the 1960s, although some continued as late as 2010. However unlike in other countries, to ensure local presences in television broadcasting, the international programming model is used in the U. S. The five major U. S. broadcast television networks are the National Broadcasting Company, CBS, the American Broadcasting Company, the Fox Broadcasting Company and the CW Television Network. The first and elder three began as radio networks, NBC and CBS respectively began operations in 1924 and 1927, weekday schedules on ABC, CBS, and NBC affiliates tend to be similar, with programming choices sorted by dayparts. Network daytime schedules consist of shows and soap operas, although one network – CBS – still carries game shows. Syndicated talk shows are shown in the afternoon, followed by additional local newscasts in the early evening time period. ABC, CBS and NBC offer network news programs each evening, local newscasts or syndicated programs fill the prime access hour or half-hour, and lead into the networks prime time schedules, which are the days most-watched three hours of television. The traditional prime time runs from 8,00 to 11,00 p. m. in the Eastern. Hour and leave that hour for their affiliates to provide programming of their own, later in the evening, drama series of various types air. Sunday is the night on American television, with many of TVs most popular shows airing on that night. At the end of time, another local news program is broadcast. Saturday mornings usually feature network programming aimed at children, while Sunday mornings include a form of public affairs program known as the Sunday morning talk shows, both of these help fulfill stations legal obligations, respectively to provide educational childrens programs and public service programming
American television
–
Satellite TV receiver dishes.
American television
–
On Wheel of Fortune, three people compete against each other to win cash and physical prizes such as overseas trips.
American television
–
The cast of
I Love Lucy (L-R):
Desi Arnaz,
Lucille Ball,
Vivian Vance, and
William Frawley. I Love Lucy has spent over 50 years in reruns after it ended in 1957.
13.
Breakfast television
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Breakfast television or morning show is a type of infotainment television program, which broadcasts live in the morning. Often hosted by a team of hosts, these types of programs are typically targeted at the combined demographic of people getting ready for work and school. The first – and longest-running – national breakfast/morning show on television is Today, Breakfast television programs are geared toward popular and demographic appeal. Later in the programme, segments will typically begin to target a dominantly female demographic with a focus on news, such as human-interest, lifestyle. The first morning news programme was Three To Get Ready, a local production hosted by comedian Ernie Kovacs that aired on WPTZ in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania from 1950 to 1952, although the programme was mostly entertainment-oriented, the programme did feature some news and weather segments. Its success prompted NBC to look at producing something similar on a national basis, CBS has had a seemingly endless rotation of failed morning news shows. The network abandoned the show in 1957. From the late 1960s throughout the 1970s, the CBS Morning News aired as a straight one-hour morning newscast that had a rate of turnover among its anchors. It was not until 1982 that Captain Kangaroo ended its run on weekdays, however, the high rate of turnover among anchors returned. An ill-fated comedic revamp of the show, The Morning Programme, after that, however, came This Morning, which has so far had the longest run of any of CBS morning show attempts. This Morning was eventually cancelled 12 years later, being replaced by The Early Show in 1999, The Early Show, in turn, ABC was a latecomer to the morning show competition. Instead of carrying a national show, it adopted the AM franchise introduced by many of its local stations in 1970. KABC-TVs AM Los Angeles launched the career of Regis Philbin and was a direct predecessor to his syndicated talk show Live. AM Chicago on WLS-TV would later evolve into The Oprah Winfrey Show, GMA has traditionally run in second place, but has surpassed Today in the ratings a few times in its history. Since the 1980s, Live. has been produced and distributed by ABCs syndication arm, primarily for ABC stations, a few of the major Spanish language broadcast networks also produce morning shows, which are often more festive in format. ¡Despierta América. is the longest-running Spanish language morning programme on U. S. cable news outlets have adopted the morning show format as well. Fox & Friends on Fox News Channel, Early Start and New Day on CNN respectively follow the networks morning show format. MSNBCs Morning Joe follows a format reminiscent of talk radio and incorporates panel discussions
Breakfast television
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Journalism
14.
Eastern Time Zone
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Places that use Eastern Standard Time when observing standard time are 5 hours behind Coordinated Universal Time. Eastern Daylight Time, when observing daylight saving time DST is 4 hours behind Coordinated Universal Time, in the northern parts of the time zone, on the second Sunday in March, at 2,00 a. m. EST, clocks are advanced to 3,00 a. m. EDT leaving a one-hour gap, on the first Sunday in November, at 2,00 a. m. EDT, clocks are moved back to 1,00 a. m, southern parts of the zone do not observe daylight saving time. The Uniform Time Act of 1966 ruled that daylight saving time would run from the last Sunday of April until the last Sunday in October in the United States, the act was amended to make the first Sunday in April the beginning of daylight saving time as of 1987. The Energy Policy Act of 2005 extended daylight saving time in the United States beginning in 2007. So local times change at 2,00 a. m. EST to 3,00 a. m. EDT on the second Sunday in March, in Canada, the time changes as it does in the United States. However, a handful of communities unofficially observe Eastern Time because they are part of the Columbus, Georgia metropolitan area – Phenix City, Smiths Station, Lanett, and Valley. Florida, All of Florida is in the Eastern Time zone except for the portion of the Florida Panhandle west of the Apalachicola River, as the Eastern–Central zone boundary approaches the Gulf of Mexico, it follows the Bay/Gulf county line. Indiana, All of Indiana observes Eastern Time except for six counties in the Chicago metropolitan area. Kentucky, Roughly, the half of the state, including all of metropolitan Louisville, is in the Eastern Time Zone. Historically the entire state observed Central Time, when daylight saving time was first introduced, the Lower Peninsula remained on DST after it formally ended, effectively re-aligning itself into the Eastern Time Zone. The Upper Peninsula continued to observe Central Time until 1972, when all, Tennessee, Most of the eastern third of Tennessee is legally on Eastern Time. Eastern Time is also used somewhat as a de facto official time for all of the United States, since it includes the capital and the largest city. Major professional sports leagues also post all game times in Eastern time, for example, a game time between two teams from Pacific Time Zone will still be posted in Eastern time. Most cable television and national broadcast networks advertise airing times in Eastern time, national broadcast networks generally have two primary feeds, an eastern feed for Eastern and Central time zones, and a tape-delayed western feed for the Pacific Time Zone. The prime time is set on Eastern and Pacific at 8,00 p. m. with the Central time zone stations receiving the eastern feed at 7,00 p. m. local time. Mountain Time Zone stations receive a separate feed at 7,00 p. m. local time, as Arizona does not observe daylight saving time, during the summer months, it has its own feed at 7,00 p. m. local time
Eastern Time Zone
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(farthest right pink)
15.
Broadcast delay
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In radio and television, broadcast delay refers to the practice of intentionally delaying broadcast of live material. A short delay is used to prevent profanity, bloopers, violence, or other undesirable material from making it to air. In this instance, it is referred to as a seven-second delay or profanity delay. Longer delays can also be introduced, often to allow a show to air at the time for the local market as is sometimes done with nationally broadcast programs in countries with multiple time zones. That can sometimes be achieved with a video tape recorder or similar technology. In the context of digital video recorders, this can now be considered a class of time shifting. This includes Southern California, despite the fact that Southern California is where many live televised events take place, nationally telecast morning news shows in the US typically are aired live only in the Eastern time zone, while on tape delay in the remaining time zones. This allows post-production staff to edit out any glitches that occurred during the live broadcast, tape delay also refers to the process of broadcasting an event at a later scheduled time. This is because either a scheduling conflict prevents a live telecast and this can also be done due to time constraints where certain portions are edited out, or availability of hosts or other key production staff only at certain times of the day. Sporting events aired on tape delay are often edited down for time considerations, highlighting what the broadcaster feels are the most interesting portions of the event, a system of rollers guided the tape over the playback head before it wound up on the take up reel. This system was introduced in 1952 when WKAP started a show called Open Mic. It is believed that this was the first time a telephone call-in show was broadcast with the telephone conversation live on the air, the FCC rules at the time prohibited the broadcasting of a live phone conversation. However, there was no rule prohibiting a taped playback of a phone call, the six-second delay constituted a taped phone conversation, thus complying with FCC regulations, that being a legal fiction. The broadcast profanity delay was invented by C, frank Cordaro who was Chief Engineer of WKAP, originally on AM1320, in Allentown, Pennsylvania, during the 1950s and early 1960s. This new device was to be used on the Open Mic radio talk show, the device Cordaro developed was the first tape delay system. WKAP was one of stations owned by the Rahal brothers of West Virginia. First tested and used at WKAP, this system for broadcast profanity delay was then installed at the other Rahal-owned radio stations. From the Rahal brothers stations, the broadcast profanity delay went into common usage throughout the US, john Nebel, who began a pioneering radio talk show in New York City in 1954, was one of the early users of a tape delay system
Broadcast delay
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Many US radio talk shows use broadcast delay to avoid FCC penalties
Broadcast delay
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Eventide BD600 Broadcast Delay
16.
General Motors Building (Manhattan)
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The General Motors Building is a 50-story,705 ft office tower at 767 Fifth Avenue in Manhattan, New York City. The building, which is bound by Fifth Avenue and Madison Avenue between 59th Street and 58th Street, is one of the few structures in Manhattan to occupy a city block. With 1,774,000 net leasable square feet, the tower sits on the site of the former Savoy-Plaza Hotel and it was designed in the international style by Edward Durell Stone & Associates with Emery Roth & Sons and completed in 1968. Currently owned by a joint venture of Boston Properties, Zhang Xin, and the Safra banking family, rents typically exceed $100 per square foot, a 2013 transaction among minority owners valued the building around $3.4 billion. The building was built and developed by Cecilia Benattar, President and its design was completed the same year the 1964 New York Worlds Fair opened. Construction began after demolition of the Savoy-Plaza in 1965, and was completed in 1968, the façade is an expression of unbroken verticality in glistening white Georgia marble and sheets of glass. The building was home to CBSs The Early Show from 1999 to 2012, in 2003, Trump and partners sold the building for $1.4 billion, the highest price yet paid for a North American office building, to Macklowe Organization. In February 2008, due to a crisis among lenders. It sold in May for an estimated $2.8 billion to a joint venture between Boston Properties, Goldman Sachs Real Estate Opportunities Fund, and Meraas Capital and it was the largest single asset transaction of 2008. Its street-level lobby originally featured a showroom for General Motors vehicles, then, until 2015 the lobby was FAO Schwarzs flagship toy store, which was featured in the film Big and which won an award for its lighting in 2005. This addition was designed by Apple and the firm of Bohlin Cywinski Jackson, AIA Guide to New York City. Official website in-Arch. net, The General Motors Building General Motors Building, New York City at Emporis. com General Motors Building at SkyscraperPage. com
General Motors Building (Manhattan)
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General Motors Building
General Motors Building (Manhattan)
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Apple Store glass cube at the base of the building
General Motors Building (Manhattan)
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From 59th Street
17.
NBC
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The National Broadcasting Company is an American commercial broadcast television network that is the flagship property of NBCUniversal, a subsidiary of Comcast. The network is part of the Big Three television networks, founded in 1926 by the Radio Corporation of America, NBC is the oldest major broadcast network in the United States. Following the acquisition by GE, Bob Wright served as executive officer of NBC, remaining in that position until his retirement in 2007. In 2003, French media company Vivendi merged its entertainment assets with GE, Comcast purchased a controlling interest in the company in 2011, and acquired General Electrics remaining stake in 2013. Following the Comcast merger, Zucker left NBC Universal and was replaced as CEO by Comcast executive Steve Burke, during a period of early broadcast business consolidation, radio manufacturer Radio Corporation of America acquired New York City radio station WEAF from American Telephone & Telegraph. Westinghouse, a shareholder in RCA, had an outlet in Newark, New Jersey pioneer station WJZ. This station was transferred from Westinghouse to RCA in 1923, WEAF acted as a laboratory for AT&Ts manufacturing and supply outlet Western Electric, whose products included transmitters and antennas. The Bell System, AT&Ts telephone utility, was developing technologies to transmit voice- and music-grade audio over short and long distances, the 1922 creation of WEAF offered a research-and-development center for those activities. WEAF maintained a schedule of radio programs, including some of the first commercially sponsored programs. In an early example of chain or networking broadcasting, the station linked with Outlet Company-owned WJAR in Providence, Rhode Island, AT&T refused outside companies access to its high-quality phone lines. The early effort fared poorly, since the telegraph lines were susceptible to atmospheric. In 1925, AT&T decided that WEAF and its network were incompatible with the companys primary goal of providing a telephone service. AT&T offered to sell the station to RCA in a deal that included the right to lease AT&Ts phone lines for network transmission, the divisions ownership was split among RCA, its founding corporate parent General Electric and Westinghouse. NBC officially started broadcasting on November 15,1926, WEAF and WJZ, the flagships of the two earlier networks, were operated side-by-side for about a year as part of the new NBC. On April 5,1927, NBC expanded to the West Coast with the launch of the NBC Orange Network and this was followed by the debut of the NBC Gold Network, also known as the Pacific Gold Network, on October 18,1931. The Orange Network carried Red Network programming, and the Gold Network carried programming from the Blue Network, initially, the Orange Network recreated Eastern Red Network programming for West Coast stations at KPO in San Francisco. The Orange Network name was removed from use in 1936, at the same time, the Gold Network became part of the Blue Network. In the 1930s, NBC also developed a network for shortwave radio stations, in 1927, NBC moved its operations to 711 Fifth Avenue in Manhattan, occupying the upper floors of a building designed by architect Floyd Brown
NBC
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The
Comcast Building in
New York City (or the GE Building, originally the
RCA Building) serves as the headquarters of NBC.
NBC
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National Broadcasting Company
NBC
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Radio City West was located at
Sunset Boulevard and
Vine Street in Los Angeles until it was replaced by a bank in the mid-1960s.
NBC
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Entrance at the GE Building.
18.
Today (U.S. TV program)
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Today, also called The Today Show, is an American news and talk morning television show that airs on NBC. The program debuted on January 14,1952 and it was the first of its genre on American television and in the world, and is the fifth-longest-running American television series. Originally a two-hour program on weekdays, it expanded to Sundays in 1987, the weekday broadcast expanded to three hours in 2000, and to four hours in 2007. Todays dominance was virtually unchallenged by the other networks until the late 1980s, Today has maintained its No.2 status since the summer of 2012 each year behind GMA. In 2002, Today was ranked No.17 on TV Guides 50 Greatest TV Shows of All Time, the shows first broadcast aired on January 14,1952. It was the brainchild of Sylvester B, Pat Weaver, Jr. who was then vice president of NBC. Weaver was president of the company from 1953 to 1955, during which time Todays late-night companion The Tonight Show premiered, in pre-production, the shows proposed title was The Rise and Shine Revue. Today was the first program of its genre when it premiered with original host Dave Garroway, the program blended national news headlines, interviews with newsmakers, lifestyle features, other light news and gimmicks, and local news updates from the networks stations. It has spawned several other shows of a type, including ABCs Good Morning America. In other countries, the format was copied – most notably in the United Kingdom with the BBCs Breakfast Time and TV-ams Good Morning Britain, and in Canada with Canada AM on CTV. When Today debuted, it was seen only in the Eastern and Central time zones. Since 1958, Today has been tape-delayed for the five other U. S. time zones, partly to accommodate host Dave Garroways declining health, the program ceased live broadcasts in the summer of 1958, opting instead to broadcast an edition taped the previous afternoon. The experiment, which drew criticism from many sides, ended when John Chancellor replaced Garroway in July 1961, a fourth hour was eventually added on September 10,2007. NBC stations in some markets air the third and fourth hours of Today on tape delay, WHDH in Boston, Massachusetts was an NBC station that would follow this practice to accommodate an hour of local news at 9,00 am. On January 1,2017, the NBC affiliation in Boston moved to a new owned-and-operated station, WBTS, which airs the third and fourth hours of Today at its regular 9,00 am and 10,00 am timeslots. Generally, the program live in the Eastern Time Zone. When breaking news stories warrant, Today will broadcast a live West Coast edition, the live updates typically do not last longer than the 7,00 a. m. hour and once completed, will return to the taped East Coast feed. When the anchors welcome the viewers to the show, they note the current time as being Pacific Time
Today (U.S. TV program)
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Dave Garroway, the program's first host, on the air
Today (U.S. TV program)
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Today
Today (U.S. TV program)
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Mascot J. Fred Muggs and companion with Garroway, 1954
Today (U.S. TV program)
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The set in January 1952
19.
American Broadcasting Company
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The network is headquartered on Columbus Avenue and West 66th Street in Manhattan, New York City. There are additional offices and production facilities elsewhere in New York City, as well as in Los Angeles and Burbank. Since 2007, when ABC Radio was sold to Citadel Broadcasting, ABC originally launched on October 12,1943, as a radio network, separated from and serving as the successor to the NBC Blue Network, which had been purchased by Edward J. Noble. It extended its operations to television in 1948, following in the footsteps of established broadcast networks CBS, in the mid-1950s, ABC merged with United Paramount Theatres, a chain of movie theaters that formerly operated as a subsidiary of Paramount Pictures. Leonard Goldenson, who had been the head of UPT, made the new television network profitable by helping develop, in 1996, most of Capital Cities/ABCs assets were purchased by The Walt Disney Company. The television network has eight owned-and-operated and over 232 affiliated television stations throughout the United States, most Canadians have access to at least one U. S. ABC News provides news and features content for radio stations owned by Citadel Broadcasting. In the 1930s, radio in the United States was dominated by three companies, the Columbia Broadcasting System, the Mutual Broadcasting System and the National Broadcasting Company. The last was owned by electronics manufacturer Radio Corporation of America, in 1938, the FCC began a series of investigations into the practices of radio networks and published its report on the broadcasting of network radio programs in 1940. The report recommended that RCA give up control of either NBC Red or NBC Blue, at that time, the NBC Red Network was the principal radio network in the United States and, according to the FCC, RCA was using NBC Blue to eliminate any hint of competition. Once Mutuals appeals against the FCC were rejected, RCA decided to sell NBC Blue in 1941, the newly separated NBC Red and NBC Blue divided their respective corporate assets. Investment firm Dillon, Read & Co. offered $7.5 million to purchase the network, Edward John Noble, the owner of Life Savers candy, drugstore chain Rexall and New York City radio station WMCA, purchased the network for $8 million. Due to FCC ownership rules, the transaction, which was to include the purchase of three RCA stations by Noble, would require him to resell his station with the FCCs approval, the Commission authorized the transaction on October 12,1943. Soon afterward, the Blue Network was purchased by the new company Noble founded, Noble subsequently acquired the rights to the American Broadcasting Company name from George B. Meanwhile, in August 1944, the West Coast division of the Blue Network, both stations were then managed by Don Searle, the vice-president of the Blue Networks West Coast division. The ABC Radio Network created its audience slowly, the network also became known for such suspenseful dramas as Sherlock Holmes, Gang Busters and Counterspy, as well as several mid-afternoon youth-oriented programs. S. From Nazi Germany after its conquest, to pre-record its programming, while its radio network was undergoing reconstruction, ABC found it difficult to avoid falling behind on the new medium of television. To ensure a space, in 1947, ABC submitted five applications for television station licenses, the ABC television network made its debut on April 19,1948, with WFIL-TV in Philadelphia becoming its first primary affiliate
American Broadcasting Company
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ABC's corporate headquarters are located at 77 West 66th Street, on the
Upper West Side of
Manhattan in
New York City.
American Broadcasting Company
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American Broadcasting Company
American Broadcasting Company
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Edward Noble, founder of ABC
American Broadcasting Company
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In 2002, dancers and other cast members from the 32-year run of American Bandstand reunited with host
Dick Clark to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the show's local television debut.
20.
Good Morning America
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Good Morning America is an American morning television show that is broadcast on ABC. It debuted on November 3,1975, and first expanded to weekends with the debut of a Sunday edition on January 3,1993, the Sunday edition was canceled in 1999, weekend editions returned on both Saturdays and Sundays on September 4,2004. The weekday program airs from 7,00 to 9,00 a. m. in all U. S. time zones, the Saturday and Sunday editions are one hour long and are transmitted to ABCs stations live at 7,00 a. m. Eastern Time, although stations in some markets air them at different times, viewers in the Pacific Time Zone receive an updated feed with a specialized opening and updated live reports. A third hour of the weekday broadcast aired from 2007 to 2008, the program features news, interviews, weather forecasts, special-interest stories, and feature segments such as Pop News, the GMA Heat Index and Play of the Day. It is produced by ABC News and broadcasts from the Times Square Studios in New York Citys Times Square district, the primary anchors are Robin Roberts, George Stephanopoulos, Lara Spencer and Michael Strahan along with newsreader Amy Robach and weather anchor Ginger Zee. Good Morning America has been the most watched morning show in total viewers, GMA generally placed second in the ratings, behind NBCs Today from 1995 to 2012. Good Morning America won the first three Daytime Emmy Awards for Outstanding Morning Program, sharing the inaugural 2007 award with Today, on January 6,1975, ABC launched AM America in an attempt to compete with NBCs Today. The program was hosted by Bill Beutel and Stephanie Edwards, with Peter Jennings, because the show could not find an audience against Today, ABC sought a new approach. The network found that one of its affiliates, WEWS in Cleveland, the Morning Exchange also established a group of regular guests who were experts in certain fields, including health, entertainment, consumer affairs and travel. Also unlike both the NBC and ABC shows, The Morning Exchange was not broadcast from a newsroom set, in the process of screening the Cleveland morning program as a creative source, ABC also began looking at another local show, Good Morning. Which was produced by Boston ABC affiliate WCVB-TV, Good Morning. was very similar in format to The Morning Exchange, but with a lesser emphasis on news and weather. No legal cease and desist action was finalized against ABC in the matter, however, the launch of Good Morning America did result in the Boston morning show changing its name—to Good Day. ABC took an episode of The Morning Exchange and used it as a pilot episode, after very positive reviews for the pilot, the format replaced AM America in November 1975 as Good Morning America. The first host of the new program was David Hartman, featuring Nancy Dussault as his co-host, Dussault was replaced in 1977 by Sandy Hill. Dave Murray provided the forecasts for both Good Morning America and ABCs early morning news program ABC News This Morning from 1983 to 1986, on August 30,1976, Tom Brokaw began anchoring Today while the program began a search for a female co-host. Within a year, Today managed to back the Good Morning America ratings threat with Brokaw and new co-host Jane Pauley, featuring art. For the first time, Good Morning America became the morning news program in the United States as Today fell to second place
Good Morning America
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Good Morning America
Good Morning America
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The title card for Good Afternoon America, which aired for a nine-week period.
Good Morning America
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Robin Roberts co-host 2002–present
Good Morning America
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George Stephanopoulos co-host 2009–present
21.
The Tonight Show
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The Tonight Show is an American late-night talk show currently broadcast from the Rockefeller Center in New York City and airing on NBC since 1954. It is the worlds longest-running talk show, and the longest running and it is the third-longest-running show on NBC, after the news-and-talk shows Today and Meet the Press. Over the course of more than 60 years, The Tonight Show has undergone only minor title changes and it aired under the name Tonight for several of its early years, eventually settling on The Tonight Show after the seating of long-time host Johnny Carson in 1962. In 1957, the show briefly tried a more news-style format and it has otherwise remained a talk show throughout its run. The Tonight Show began broadcasting in 1954 and it has had six official hosts, beginning with Steve Allen, followed by Jack Paar, Johnny Carson, Jay Leno, Conan OBrien, and Jimmy Fallon. It has had recurring guest hosts, a practice especially common during the Paar. Carson is the longest-serving host to date, the Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson aired for 30 seasons between October 1962 and May 1992. Leno, however, has the record of having hosted the greatest number of total televised episodes, during Johnny Carsons first eighteen years, the show ran for ninety minutes. During Johnnys 1980 contract negotiations, the show was shortened to sixty minutes, besides the guest hosts Johnny used, NBC ran The Best of Carson which was reruns of popular older shows Johnny had done. Prior to the starting of Saturday Night Live in 1975, NBC showed The Best of Carson on Saturday nights at 11,30 pm, outside of its brief run as a news show in 1957, OBrien is the shortest-serving host. OBrien hosted 146 episodes over the course of less than eight months, current host Fallon took the helm on February 17,2014. Fallon had previously hosted Late Night, and before Late Night he was a member of the cast of Saturday Night Live. From 1950 to 1951 NBC aired Broadway Open House, a variety show hosted primarily by comic Jerry Lester. Broadway… demonstrated the potential for late-night network programming. The format of The Tonight Show can be traced to a nightly 40-minute local program in New York, hosted by Allen and it was quickly retitled The Steve Allen Show. This premiered in 1953 on WNBT-TV, the local affiliate in New York City. Beginning in September 1954, it was renamed Tonight. and began its run on the full NBC network. Notes for hosting history The first Tonight announcer was Gene Rayburn, when the show became a success, Allen got a primetime Sunday comedy/variety show in June 1956, leading him to share Tonight hosting duties with Ernie Kovacs during the 1956–57 season
The Tonight Show
–
Jack Paar and
Democratic presidential candidate, U.S. Senator
John F. Kennedy (of
Massachusetts) in 1959, prior to the
Presidential Election of 1960.
The Tonight Show
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The Tonight Show
The Tonight Show
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New Year's Eve 1962, with (L-R) Skitch Henderson, Johnny Carson and Ed McMahon.
The Tonight Show
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Jay Leno in 1993
22.
Late Show with David Letterman
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Late Show with David Letterman is an American late-night talk show hosted by David Letterman on CBS, the first iteration of the Late Show franchise. The show debuted on August 30,1993, and was produced by Lettermans production company, Worldwide Pants Incorporated, the shows music director and leader of the house band, the CBS Orchestra, was Paul Shaffer. The head writer was Matt Roberts and the announcer was Alan Kalter, of the major U. S. late-night programs, Late Show ranked second in cumulative average viewers over time and third in number of episodes over time. In most U. S. markets the show aired from 11,35 p. m. to 12,37 a. m. Eastern and Pacific Time, and recorded Monday through Wednesdays at 4,30 p. m. the second Thursday episode usually aired on Friday of that week. In 2002, Late Show with David Letterman was ranked No.7 on TV Guides 50 Greatest TV Shows of All Time. As host of both Late Night and Late Show for more than 30 years, Letterman surpassed Johnny Carson as the longest running talk show host in 2013. That same year, Late Night and Late Show were ranked at #41 on TV Guides 60 Best Series of All Time, in 2014, Letterman announced his retirement and the final episode of Late Show aired on May 20,2015. The show was succeeded by The Late Show with Stephen Colbert, hosted by Stephen Colbert. For most of the 20 years preceding Late Show, CBSs late night fare consisted of movies, reruns and specialty programming packaged under the title CBS Late Night and broadcast to middling ratings. When David Letterman became available following a conflict with NBC, CBS was eager to lure him and offered him a three-year, $14 million per year contract, according to their agreement, the show would spend a month in Hollywood at least once a year. CBS purchased the Ed Sullivan Theater for $4 million, spending several million to renovate it, the renovation was supervised by architect James Polshek. CBS total cost for acquiring the show including renovations, negotiation rights paid to NBC, signing Letterman, announcer Bill Wendell, Shaffer, the writers and the band was over $140 million. A significant issue regarding Lettermans move to CBS was the ownership of long-running comedy bits used on Late Night, NBC claimed that much of what he did on Late Night was intellectual property of the network. Ultimately a compromise was reached in key areas, NBC gave Letterman the choice of at least two options to name his new show, Late Show with David Letterman or Nightly with David Letterman. On this matter CBS executives stepped in, rejecting Nightly in part because of confusion with Nightline on ABC. Thus, Late Show with David Letterman quickly became the official title, after Letterman was introduced on Late Shows very first episode, NBC Nightly News anchor Tom Brokaw accompanied him on stage and wished him reasonably well. As part of an act, Brokaw then proceeded to retrieve a pair of cue cards while stating that These last two jokes are the intellectual property of NBC
Late Show with David Letterman
–
Letterman interviewing
Michelle Obama in 2012
Late Show with David Letterman
–
Late Show with David Letterman
23.
Walter Cronkite
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Walter Leland Cronkite, Jr. was an American broadcast journalist, best known as anchorman for the CBS Evening News for 19 years. During the heyday of CBS News in the 1960s and 1970s, Kennedy, civil rights pioneer Martin Luther King, Jr. and Beatles musician John Lennon. He was also known for his coverage of the U. S. space program. He was the only recipient of a Moon-rock award. Cronkite is well known for his departing catchphrase And thats the way it is, Walter Leland Cronkite, Jr. was born on November 4,1916, in Saint Joseph, Missouri, the son of Helen Lena, and Dr. Walter Leland Cronkite, a dentist. He had remote Dutch ancestry on his fathers side, the family surname originally being Krankheyt, Cronkite lived in Kansas City, Missouri, until he was ten, when his family moved to Houston, Texas. He was a member of the Boy Scouts and he attended college at the University of Texas at Austin, entering in the Fall term of 1933, where he worked on the Daily Texan and became a member of the Nu chapter of the Chi Phi Fraternity. He also was a member of the Houston chapter of DeMolay, while attending UT, Cronkite had his first taste of performance, appearing in a play with fellow student Eli Wallach. He dropped out in 1935, not returning for the Fall term and he dropped out of college in his junior year, in the fall term of 1935, after starting a series of newspaper reporting jobs covering news and sports. He entered broadcasting as an announcer for WKY in Oklahoma City. In 1936, he met his wife, Mary Elizabeth Maxwell, while working as the sports announcer for KCMO in Kansas City. His broadcast name was Walter Wilcox and he would explain later that radio stations at the time did not want people to use their real names for fear of taking their listeners with them if they left. In Kansas City, he joined the United Press in 1937 and he became one of the top American reporters in World War II, covering battles in North Africa and Europe. With his name now established, he received a job offer from Edward R. Murrow at CBS News to join the Murrow Boys team of war correspondents, CBS offered Cronkite $125 a week along with commercial fees amounting to $25 for almost every time Cronkite reported on air. Up to that point, he had been making $57.50 per week at UP, when he informed his boss Harrison Salisbury, UP countered with a raise of $17.50 per week, Hugh Baillie also offered him an extra $20 per week to stay. Cronkite ultimately accepted the UP offer, a move which angered Murrow and he also landed in a glider with the 101st Airborne in Operation Market Garden and covered the Battle of the Bulge. After the war, he covered the Nuremberg trials and served as the United Press main reporter in Moscow from 1946 to 1948, in 1950, Cronkite joined CBS News in its young and growing television division, again recruited by Murrow. Cronkite began working at WTOP-TV, the CBS affiliate in Washington and he originally served as anchor of the networks 15-minute late-Sunday-evening newscast Up To the Minute, which followed Whats My Line. at 11,00 pm ET from 1951 through 1962
Walter Cronkite
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Cronkite reported on location during the Vietnam War.
Walter Cronkite
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Cronkite giving a speech in 2004
Walter Cronkite
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Cronkite meets with President
Ronald Reagan at the White House, 1981
Walter Cronkite
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Walter Cronkite speaks at a NASA ceremony in February 2004
24.
Captain Kangaroo
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In 1986, the American Program Service integrated some newly produced segments into reruns of past episodes, distributing the newer version of the series until 1993. The show was conceived and the character was played by Bob Keeshan. Keeshan had portrayed the original Clarabell the Clown on The Howdy Doody Show when it aired on NBC, Keeshan performed as the Captain more than 9000 times over the nearly 30-year run of the show. The May 17,1971, episode had two changes on the show, The Treasure House was renovated and renamed The Captains Place. It was cancelled by CBS at the end of 1984 and he was the voice of Aniforms puppet TV Fred, and was the artist behind the Magic Drawing Board. Sam Levine as The Banana Man, the character was created by Adolph Proper, bill Cosby as himself, the host of the Picture Pages segment Debbie Weems appeared as Debbie, she also provided the voice for the puppet character Baby Duck. Even the opening sequence could change, the show generally began with the theme music starting up, then the Captain would unlock and open the doors of the Treasure House from the inside, and viewers would catch their first glimpse of him. Then he would put the Treasure House keys on a nail, however, sometimes the Captain could not get the keys to stay on the nail, and when they fell off, the theme music would begin playing again. Tom had a sidekick named Mighty Manfred the Wonder Dog, other cartoons included Lariat Sam, which was developed by veteran game show announcer Gene Wood, then a show staffer. The British cartoon Simon in the Land of Chalk Drawings appeared in the 1970s, another British-produced cartoon, Ludwig, about a magical egg-shaped robot, was also included around the same time as Simon. The cartoons musical score consisted of selections from the works of Beethoven, episodes were generally a few minutes each and basically revolved around teaching children the importance of dental care. A silent cartoon in the 1970s named Crystal Tipps featured the adventures of a young girl, later reruns were narrated by the voice of Mr. Moose. Another British favorite, The Wombles, was also featured, the Red & Blue shorts from Italy were also shown. The Undersea Adventures of Captain Nemo, featuring a family of sea explorers, was featured, beginning in 1974 and continuing throughout the rest of the 1970s and into the 1980s, the show opened with different people wishing the Captain good morning. Spock, characters from the Peanuts cartoons, and Fred Rogers from Mister Rogers Neighborhood, the montage of good mornings always ended with the Captain himself returning the greeting before the opening credits ran. The Sweet Pickles books were also featured, carmino Ravosa was a songwriter on the show from 1975 to 1977. On the first show of every month, the Captain had a cake for all of the children with birthdays that month. Keeshan also had a role as the Town Clown, a pantomime piece that took place in
Captain Kangaroo
–
Captain Kangaroo (Bob Keeshan), left, with comedian
Nipsey Russell, 1976.
Captain Kangaroo
–
From left: Dancing Bear, Bunny Rabbit, Captain Kangaroo, Grandfather Clock, Mister Moose, and Mister Green Jeans.
Captain Kangaroo
–
Mr. Moose and the Captain's Jacket at the
Smithsonian Institution
Captain Kangaroo
–
Puppeteer Cosmo Allegretti (left) with actor Dick Shawn, 1977. Allegretti played many roles on the program.
25.
Jack Paar
–
Jack Harold Paar was an American author, radio and television comedian and talk show host, best known for his stint as host of The Tonight Show from 1957 to 1962. Time magazines obituary noted that, His fans would remember him as the fellow who split talk show history into two eras, Before Paar and Below Paar, Paar was born in 1918 in Canton, Ohio, the son of Lillian M. and Howard Paar. He moved with his family to Jackson, Michigan, approximately 40 miles south of Lansing, as a child he had a stuttering problem which he conquered. He contracted tuberculosis when he was 14, and left school at 16, Jack Paar, he recalled doing utility duty at WGAR in 1938 when Orson Welles broadcast his famous simulated alien invasion, The War of the Worlds over the CBS network. Attempting to calm possible panicked listeners, Paar announced, The world is not coming to an end, when have I ever lied to you. Paar was drafted into the military in 1943 during World War II and he was assigned to the U. S. O in the South Pacific to entertain the troops. He was a clever, wise cracking master of ceremonies whose impersonations of officers nearly got him into trouble, after World War II, Paar worked in radio as a fill-in on The Breakfast Club show and appeared as a panelist on The $64 Question. He got his big break when Jack Benny, who had been impressed by Paars U. S. O, performances, suggested that Paar serve as his 1947 summer replacement. Paar was enough of a hit on Bennys show that Bennys sponsor, American Tobacco Company decided to keep him on the air, the show was then terminated, earning Paar an enduring image as a spoiled kid. A profile of Paar by the Museum of Broadcast Communications suggests that Paar later emulated Bennys mannerisms. Paar also signed as a player for Howard Hughes RKO Pictures in the immediate post war period, appearing as the emcee in the movie Variety Time. He later recalled that RKO producers had trouble figuring out what kind of characters he could play, until one of the executives dubbed him, Kay Kyser. Paar projected a pleasant personality on film, and RKO called him back to emcee another filmed vaudeville show, Paar also appeared in the 1950 film, Walk Softly, Stranger, with Joseph Cotten. In 1951, he played Marilyn Monroes boyfriend in the 20th Century Fox film Love Nest, in 1956, he gave radio one more try, hosting a disc jockey effort, The Jack Paar Show, on ABC. Paar once described this show as so modest we did it from the basement rumpus room of our house in Bronxville and he guest starred twice in 1958 on Polly Bergens short-lived NBC comedy/variety show, The Polly Bergen Show. NBC asked Paar to succeed Steve Allen as host of The Tonight Show, Paar hosted the program from 1957 to 1962 during the peak of the series national attention. At first, the show was called Tonight Starring Jack Paar, Paar was often unpredictable, emotional, and principled. Paars emotional nature made the routine of putting together a 105-minute program difficult to continue for more than five years
Jack Paar
–
Jack Paar
Jack Paar
–
This article includes a
list of references, but its sources remain unclear because it has insufficient
inline citations. Please help to
improve this article by
introducing more precise citations. (January 2011)
Jack Paar
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Paar appears on Dick Cavett's show to announce his return to television in January, 1973.
Jack Paar
–
Paar (left) with
John F. Kennedy on The Tonight Show in 1959
26.
John Henry Faulk
–
For those of a similar name, see John Falk John Henry Faulk, from Austin, Texas, was a storyteller and radio show host. His successful lawsuit against the entertainment industry helped to bring an end to the Hollywood blacklist, John Henry Faulk was born in Austin, to Methodist parents Henry Faulk and his wife Martha Miner Faulk. John Henry had four siblings, Hamilton Faulk, Martha Stansbury, Mary Faulk Koock, Faulk spent his childhood years in Austin in the noted Victorian house Green Pastures. Faulk enrolled at the University of Texas in Austin in 1932 and he became a protégé of J. Frank Dobie, Walter Prescott Webb, and Roy Bedichek, enabling Faulk to hone his skills as a folklorist. He earned a Masters degree in Folklore with his thesis Ten Negro Sermons and he further began to craft his oratory style as a part-time English teacher at the University 1940–1942, relating Texas folk tales peppered with his gift of character impersonations. He was initially unfit for service with the United States Army because of an eye problem, instead Faulk joined the Merchant Marine in 1942 for a one-year stint, spending 1943 in Cairo, Egypt, serving the American Red Cross. World War II had caused the United States Army to relax its enlistment standards and he served as a medic at Camp Swift, Texas. It was during this period Faulk also joined the American Civil Liberties Union, while a soldier at Camp Swift, Faulk began writing his own radio scripts. An acquaintance facilitated an interview for him at WCBS in New York City, the network executives were sufficiently impressed to offer him his own radio show. Upon his 1946 discharge from the Army, Faulk began his Johnnys Front Porch radio show for WCBS, the show featured Faulks characterizations that he had been developing since his university years. Faulk eventually went to radio station, but returned to WCBS for a four-hour morning talk show. The John Henry Faulk Show ran for six years and his radio successes provided opportunity for him to appear as himself on television, in shows like the 1951 Mark Goodson and William Todman game show Its News to Me, hosted by John Charles Daly. He also appeared on Leave It to the Girls in 1953, cactus Pryor met Faulk in the studios of KLBJ where Faulk stopped by to thank Pryor for letting his mother hear his New York show. Pryor had been accidentally broadcasting Faulks radio show in Texas where Faulk was not otherwise heard, although the broadcast happened repeatedly, Pryor always claimed he just hit the wrong button in the studio. Pryor visited Faulk at a Manhattan apartment he shared with Alan Lomax, Johnson to discharge Pryor from the airwaves. The Pryor family and the Faulk family remained close and supportive of each other for the rest of Faulks life, in December 1955, Faulk was elected second vice president of the American Federation of Television and Radio Artists. Orson Bean was the first vice president and Charles Collingwood was the president of the union, Collingwood, Bean and Faulk were part of a middle-of-the-road slate of non-communist, anti-AWARE organization candidates that Faulk had helped draft. Twenty-seven of thirty-five vacant seats on the board went to the middle-of-the-road slate, Faulks public position during the campaign had been that the union should be focused on jobs and security, not blacklisting of members
John Henry Faulk
–
Radio portal
27.
Dick Van Dyke
–
Richard Wayne Dick Van Dyke is an American actor, comedian, singer, dancer, writer, and producer. He is the brother of Jerry Van Dyke and father of Barry Van Dyke. After gaining recognition on radio and Broadway, Van Dyke became known for his role as Rob Petrie on the CBS television sitcom The Dick Van Dyke Show, which ran from 1961 to 1966. He also gained significant popularity for roles in the musical films Bye Bye Birdie, Mary Poppins and his other prominent film appearances include roles in The Comic, Dick Tracy, Curious George, Night at the Museum, and Night at the Museum, Secret of the Tomb. Recipient of five Primetime Emmys, a Tony and a Grammy Award and he received the Screen Actors Guilds highest honor, the SAG Life Achievement Award, in 2013. Van Dyke has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 7021 Hollywood Boulevard and has also recognized as a Disney Legend. Van Dyke was born on December 13,1925, in West Plains, Missouri, to Hazel Victoria, a stenographer, and Loren Wayne Van Dyke and he grew up in Danville, Illinois. He is the brother of actor Jerry Van Dyke, who is best known for a role on the TV series Coach. Van Dyke has Dutch, English, Irish, and Scottish ancestry, among Van Dykes high school classmates in Danville were Donald OConnor and Bobby Short, both of whom would go on to successful careers as entertainers. One of his closest friends was a cousin of Gene Hackman, the future actor, in his autobiography, he wrote, I suppose that I never completely gave up my childhood idea of being a minister. Only the medium and the message changed, I have still endeavored to touch peoples souls, to raise their spirits and put smiles on their faces. Van Dyke left high school in 1944, his senior year and he received his high school diploma in 2004. During the late 1940s, Van Dyke was a radio DJ in Danville, in 1947, Van Dyke was persuaded by pantomime performer Phil Erickson to form a comedy duo with him called Eric and Van—the Merry Mutes. The team toured the West Coast nightclub circuit, performing a mime act and they brought their act to Atlanta, Georgia, in the early 1950s and performed a local television show featuring original skits and music called The Merry Mutes. In November 1959, Van Dyke made his Broadway debut in The Girls Against the Boys and he then played the lead role of Albert Peterson in Bye Bye Birdie, which ran from April 14,1960 to October 7,1961. Gower Champion, the director and choreographer, was watching. An astonished Van Dyke protested that he could not dance, to which Champion replied Well teach you and that musical won four Tony awards including Van Dykes Best Featured Actor Tony, in 1961. In 1980, Van Dyke appeared as the role in the first Broadway revival of The Music Man
Dick Van Dyke
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Van Dyke in 1959
Dick Van Dyke
–
Mary Tyler Moore and Van Dyke in
The Dick Van Dyke Show, 1964
Dick Van Dyke
–
Carol Burnett and Dick Van Dyke in 1977
Dick Van Dyke
–
Dick Van Dyke in the 1964 film
Mary Poppins
28.
World War II
–
World War II, also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although related conflicts began earlier. It involved the vast majority of the worlds countries—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing alliances, the Allies and the Axis. It was the most widespread war in history, and directly involved more than 100 million people from over 30 countries. Marked by mass deaths of civilians, including the Holocaust and the bombing of industrial and population centres. These made World War II the deadliest conflict in human history, from late 1939 to early 1941, in a series of campaigns and treaties, Germany conquered or controlled much of continental Europe, and formed the Axis alliance with Italy and Japan. Under the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact of August 1939, Germany and the Soviet Union partitioned and annexed territories of their European neighbours, Poland, Finland, Romania and the Baltic states. In December 1941, Japan attacked the United States and European colonies in the Pacific Ocean, and quickly conquered much of the Western Pacific. The Axis advance halted in 1942 when Japan lost the critical Battle of Midway, near Hawaii, in 1944, the Western Allies invaded German-occupied France, while the Soviet Union regained all of its territorial losses and invaded Germany and its allies. During 1944 and 1945 the Japanese suffered major reverses in mainland Asia in South Central China and Burma, while the Allies crippled the Japanese Navy, thus ended the war in Asia, cementing the total victory of the Allies. World War II altered the political alignment and social structure of the world, the United Nations was established to foster international co-operation and prevent future conflicts. The victorious great powers—the United States, the Soviet Union, China, the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union and the United States emerged as rival superpowers, setting the stage for the Cold War, which lasted for the next 46 years. Meanwhile, the influence of European great powers waned, while the decolonisation of Asia, most countries whose industries had been damaged moved towards economic recovery. Political integration, especially in Europe, emerged as an effort to end pre-war enmities, the start of the war in Europe is generally held to be 1 September 1939, beginning with the German invasion of Poland, Britain and France declared war on Germany two days later. The dates for the beginning of war in the Pacific include the start of the Second Sino-Japanese War on 7 July 1937, or even the Japanese invasion of Manchuria on 19 September 1931. Others follow the British historian A. J. P. Taylor, who held that the Sino-Japanese War and war in Europe and its colonies occurred simultaneously and this article uses the conventional dating. Other starting dates sometimes used for World War II include the Italian invasion of Abyssinia on 3 October 1935. The British historian Antony Beevor views the beginning of World War II as the Battles of Khalkhin Gol fought between Japan and the forces of Mongolia and the Soviet Union from May to September 1939, the exact date of the wars end is also not universally agreed upon. It was generally accepted at the time that the war ended with the armistice of 14 August 1945, rather than the formal surrender of Japan
World War II
–
Clockwise from top left: Chinese forces in the
Battle of Wanjialing, Australian
25-pounder guns during the
First Battle of El Alamein, German
Stuka dive bombers on the
Eastern Front in December 1943, a U.S. naval force in the
Lingayen Gulf,
Wilhelm Keitel signing the
German Instrument of Surrender, Soviet troops in the
Battle of Stalingrad
World War II
–
The
League of Nations assembly, held in
Geneva,
Switzerland, 1930
World War II
–
Adolf Hitler at a German
National Socialist political rally in
Weimar, October 1930
World War II
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Italian soldiers recruited in 1935, on their way to fight the
Second Italo-Abyssinian War
29.
Will Rogers, Jr.
–
William Vann Rogers, generally known as Will Rogers Jr. was a son of legendary humorist Will Rogers and his wife, the former Betty Blake. He was a Democratic U. S. Representative from California from January 3,1943, until May 23,1944, Rogers had several other careers, notably as a newspaper owner/publisher, an actor, writer, and a political commentator. Rogers was born in New York City, where his father was performing and he grew up in Beverly Hills, California, and attended school there. He received a Bachelor of Arts degree from Stanford University in 1935, on completing his studies, he served as publisher of the Beverly Hills Citizen newspaper, a role in which he continued until 1953. He had been commissioned a second lieutenant through the Reserve Officers Training Corps, but did not go on active duty. With U. S. entry into World War II, however, he enlisted as a private in June 1942, while on active duty, Rogers was elected to the House of Representatives from California, and was sworn into office on January 3,1943. He served in the 78th Congress and he did not complete his term, however, returning to active duty in the Army after resigning from Congress on May 23,1944. A confidential 1943 analysis of the House Foreign Affairs Committee by Isaiah Berlin for the British Foreign Office described Rogers as, son of a very celebrated father. A sincere and somewhat impassioned young man who believes strongly in the Wallace type of internationalism, a trifle callow and politically inexperienced, he will undoubtedly be a vigorous and enthusiastic champion of all-out post-war co-operation with the United Nations. His fervent adherence to the ideals of the New Republic may tend to make him critical of the British Empire. After his resignation, Rogers was assigned to the 814th Tank Destroyer Battalion, Rogers was wounded in action and also received a Bronze Star. He was released from duty on March 1,1946. Later in 1946, Rogers won the Democratic nomination for U. S, senator from California, but lost in the November general election to the incumbent senator, William F. Knowland. Rogers was a delegate to the Democratic National Convention in 1948,1952, other government service included terms as a member of the California State Parks Commission, and special assistant to the Commission on Indian Affairs during the Johnson administration. He also appeared frequently in the 1950s television anthology series, Schlitz Playhouse of Stars and he also starred in Rogers of the Gazette, a CBS Radio series in 1953–54 that lasted one season, playing the role of a small-town newspaper owner. Rogers was one of several actors to host syndicated reruns of Death Valley Days, for one season in 1956 he was host of the CBS morning show and was replaced by Jimmy Dean. In his later years, Rogers retired to his ranch at Tubac, in poor health after suffering several strokes, having heart problems, and having had hip replacements, Rogers committed suicide in 1993 at the age of 81. He was buried next to his wife in the Tubac Cemetery, Rogers was survived by his two adopted sons and his brother, James Rogers
Will Rogers, Jr.
–
Will Rogers, Jr.
30.
Jimmy Dean
–
Jimmy Ray Dean was an American country music singer, television host, actor, and businessman, best known today as the creator of the Jimmy Dean sausage brand. He became a television personality starting on CBS in 1957. He rose to fame for his 1961 country crossover hit Big Bad John and his 1963 ABC television series, The Jimmy Dean Show and his acting career included a supporting role as Willard Whyte in the 1971 James Bond movie, Diamonds Are Forever. He lived near Richmond, Virginia, and was nominated for the Country Music Hall of Fame in 2010, Dean was born in Plainview in Hale County in West Texas in 1928, the son of George Otto Dean, and his second wife, the former Ruth Taylor. Ruth Taylor taught Jimmy how to play piano at a young age and he attributed his interest in music to the Seth Ward Baptist Church. He dropped out of school and became a professional entertainer after serving in the United States Air Force in the late 1940s. Dean was 22 and just starting in business when he married his first wife Mary Sue in 1950. Dean had his first hit, Bummin Around, in 1953 on the 4 Star label and he had minor pop hits, such as Little Sandy Sleighfoot and Sing Along, later used as the theme for TVs Sing Along With Mitch. In 1954, Dean hosted the popular Washington, D. C. radio program Town and Country Time on WARL-AM, patsy Cline and Roy Clark got their starts on the show. Although Cline and Dean became good friends, Clark was eventually fired by the singer for what was explained as his chronic tardiness, Dean replaced Clark with Billy Grammer. In 1955, Town and Country Time moved to WMAL-TV on weekday afternoons, also during 1957 while he lived in Arlington, Virginia, Dean hosted Country Style on WTOP-TV, the local Washington, D. C. affiliate for CBS on weekday mornings. CBS picked up the show nationally from Washington for eight months in 1957 under the name, then from September 14,1958, to June 1959, CBS carried The Jimmy Dean Show on weekday and Saturday afternoons. Dean became best known for his 1961 recitation song about a heroic miner, recorded in Nashville, Tennessee, the record went to number one on the Billboard pop chart and inspired many imitations and parodies. It sold over one million copies, and was awarded a gold disc, the track peaked at No.2 in the UK Singles Chart. The song won Dean the 1962 Grammy Award for Best Country & Western Recording and he had several more Top 40 songs including a Top 10 in 1962 with PT-109, a song in honor of John F. Kennedys bravery in World War II. In the early 1960s, he hosted The Tonight Show on occasion and one night introduced Roy Clark, in the mid-60s, Dean helped bring country music into the mainstream with his 1963–66 ABC-TV variety series, The Jimmy Dean Show. It presented country music entertainers including Roger Miller, George Jones, Charlie Rich, Buck Owens, the program also featured comedy and a variety of popular music artists, and Deans sketches with one of Jim Hensons Muppets, Rowlf the Dog. Dean turned to acting after his series ended in 1966
Jimmy Dean
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Dean in 1966.
31.
CBS Evening News
–
The CBS Evening News is the flagship evening television news program of CBS News, the news division of the CBS television network in the United States. The program has been broadcast since May 3,1948 under the original title CBS Television News, since June 6,2011, the weekday editions of the program have been anchored by Scott Pelley. Previous anchors have included Douglas Edwards, Walter Cronkite, Dan Rather, Bob Schieffer, weekend editions of the CBS Evening News weekends began in February 1966. The weekend editions draw from the resources of CBSN, the news channel where Ninan. The CBS Evening News airs live at 6, 30pm in the Eastern and 5, 30pm in the Central Time Zones, CBS began broadcasting news programs on Saturday evenings in the mid-1940s, which expanded to two nights a week in 1947. The network also broadcast a recap of the news stories on a Sunday night program titled Newsweek in Review, which was later retitled The Week in Review. On November 30,1956, the became the first to use the new technology of videotape to time delay the broadcast for the western United States. Walter Cronkite became anchor of the program titled Walter Cronkite with the News on April 16,1962. On September 2,1963, the program, retitled CBS Evening News, as before, some affiliates had the option of carrying a later edition, this time scheduled for 7,00 p. m. Eastern Time. NBC also allowed this practice for the Huntley-Brinkley Report, with ABC later following it for the ABC Evening News. The networks ended this practice after 1971, although some affiliates – mostly in larger markets – continued to carry the national newscasts at 7,00 p. m. Eastern Time on a tape delay. The CBS Evening News was first transmitted in color as a one-evening test broadcast on August 19,1965, before permanently switching to the format on January 31,1966. Cronkites prime time special report, Who, What, When, Where, Why, broadcast on February 27,1968 and it is often credited with influencing Lyndon Johnsons decision to drop out of the race for President. Ve lost Middle America, he stated, under Cronkite, the newscast began what would eventually become an 18-year period of dominating the ratings among the network evening news programs. After the first half of the report, shown on a Friday, the second half of the report was aired the following Monday, but only for eight minutes. Concerns about excessive liberalism in the media were frequently leveled at Rather, some of these concerns dated from Rathers position as White House correspondent for the networks news division during the Nixon administration. An interview related to the Iran–Contra affair with then-Vice President George H. W. Bush where the two engaged in a match on live television did little to dispel those concerns. Rather apologized for his behavior in statements the following day, on September 3, Rather said the masculine noun for the Spanish word for courage, coraje
CBS Evening News
–
Current CBS Evening News with Scott Pelley logo.
CBS Evening News
–
Rather interviews an
IOM worker at the
Sultan Iskandar Muda Air Force Base in Indonesia on January 3, 2005, following the
2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami.
CBS Evening News
–
Bob Schieffer.
CBS Evening News
–
The CBS Evening News logo used from September 2006 to May 2009.
32.
Mike Wallace
–
Myron Leon Mike Wallace was an American journalist, game show host, actor, and media personality. He interviewed a range of prominent newsmakers during his sixty-year career. He was one of the correspondents for CBS60 Minutes. Wallace retired as a regular correspondent in 2006, but still appeared occasionally on the series until 2008. Hinckley, Vladimir Putin, Maria Callas, Barbra Streisand, Salvador Dalí, Mahmoud Ahmadinejad and his father was a grocer and insurance broker. Wallace attended Brookline High School, graduating in 1935 and he graduated from the University of Michigan four years later with a Bachelor of Arts. While a college student he was a reporter for the Michigan Daily, Wallace appeared as a guest on the popular radio quiz show Information Please on February 7,1939, when he was in his last year at the University of Michigan. His first radio job was as newscaster and continuity writer for WOOD Radio in Grand Rapids and this lasted until 1940, when he moved to WXYZ Radio in Detroit, Michigan, as an announcer. He then became a radio worker in Chicago, Illinois. Wallace enlisted in the United States Navy in 1943 and served as an officer during World War II on the USS Anthedon. He saw no combat, but traveled to Hawaii, Australia, and Subic Bay in the Philippines, then patrolling the South China Sea, Wallace returned to Chicago after being discharged in 1946. Wallace announced for the radio shows Curtain Time, Ned Jordan, Secret Agent, Sky King, The Green Hornet, Curtain Time and it is sometimes reported Wallace announced for The Lone Ranger, but Wallace said he never did. Wallace announced wrestling in Chicago in the late 1940s and early 1950s, in the late 1940s, Wallace was a staff announcer for the CBS radio network. He had displayed his skills when he appeared opposite Spike Jones in dialogue routines. He was also the voice of Elgin-American in their commercials on Groucho Marxs You Bet Your Life, as Myron Wallace, he portrayed New York City detective Lou Kagel on the short-lived radio drama series Crime on the Waterfront. In 1949, Wallace began to move to the new medium of television, in that year, he starred under the name Myron Wallace in a short-lived police drama, Stand By for Crime. Wallace hosted a number of shows in the 1950s, including The Big Surprise, Whos the Boss. Early in his career Wallace was not known primarily as a news broadcaster and it was not uncommon during that period for newscasters to announce, do commercials and host game shows, Douglas Edwards, John Daly, John Cameron Swayze and Walter Cronkite hosted game shows as well
Mike Wallace
33.
60 Minutes
–
60 Minutes is an American newsmagazine television program broadcast on the CBS television network. Debuting in 1968, the program was created by Don Hewitt, in 2002,60 Minutes was ranked #6 on TV Guides 50 Greatest TV Shows of All Time and in 2013, it was ranked #24 on TV Guides 60 Best Series of All Time. The New York Times has called it one of the most esteemed news magazines on American television, the program employed a magazine format, similar to that of the Canadian program W5, which had premiered two years earlier. Similar programs sprang up in Australia and Canada during the 1970s, Wallace said that the show aimed to reflect reality. The first magazine-cover chroma key was a photo of two helmeted policemen, Wallace and Reasoner sat in chairs on opposite sides of the set, which had a cream-colored backdrop, the more famous black backdrop did not appear until the following year. The logo was in Helvetica type with the word Minutes spelled in all lower-case letters, the trademark stopwatch, however, did not appear on the inaugural broadcast, it would not debut until several episodes later. Alpo dog food was the sponsor of the first program. Don Hewitt, who had been a producer of the CBS Evening News with Walter Cronkite, however, the initial season was troubled by lack of network confidence, as the program did not garner ratings much higher than that of other CBS News documentaries. 60 Minutes struggled under that stigma during its first three years, changes to 60 Minutes came fairly early in the programs history. When Reasoner left CBS to co-anchor ABCs evening newscast, Morley Safer joined the team in 1970, and he took over Reasoners duties of reporting less aggressive stories. After a six-month hiatus in late 1971, CBS found a place for 60 Minutes in a portion of that displaced time,6,00 to 7,00 p. m. (Eastern,5,00 to 6,00 Central Time on Sundays. This took place because football telecasts were protected contractually from interruptions in the wake of the infamous Heidi Bowl incident on NBC in November 1968. When a family-oriented drama, Three for the Road, ended after a 12-week run in the fall, the newsmagazine took its place at 7,00 p. m. Eastern Time on December 7. S. This move, and the addition of then-White House correspondent Dan Rather to the team, made the program into a strong ratings hit and, eventually. This was no less than a stunning reversal of the poor ratings performances of documentary programs on network television. By 1976,60 Minutes became the program on Sunday nights in the U. S. By 1979, it had achieved the #1 spot among all programs in the Nielsen ratings. This success translated into great profits for CBS, advertising rates went from $17,000 per 30-second spot in 1975 to $175,000 in 1982
60 Minutes
–
Opening sequence (2006–present)
60 Minutes
–
Since 1968, the opening of 60 Minutes features a stopwatch. The Aristo (Heuer) design first appeared in 1978. On October 29, 2006, the background changed to red, the title text color changed to white, and the stopwatch was shifted to the upright position. This version was used from 1992 to 2006 (the
Eurostile font text was changed in 1998).
60 Minutes
–
Air Force Chief of Staff Gen.
Norton A. Schwartz in an interview with
Lara Logan, April 15, 2009.
34.
Harry Reasoner
–
Harry Truman Reasoner was an American journalist for ABC and CBS News, known for his inventive use of language as a television commentator, and as a founder of the 60 Minutes program. Over the course of his career, Reasoner won three Emmy Awards and a George Foster Peabody Award in 1967. Reasoner was born at First Street North in Dakota City, Iowa, he and his sister, Esther, were the children of Eunice and Harry Ray Reasoner. Reasoner was taught to read by his parents before entering school, Reasoner attended West High School in Minneapolis. During his time at the school, Reasoner developed his interest in journalism, Reasoner graduated in January 1940, having missed the 1939 class graduation ceremony. Before graduating, Reasoner went on to journalism at Stanford University. He served in World War II and then resumed his career with The Minneapolis Times. His novel Tell Me About Women, about a marriage, was written partly during his war service and was first published in 1946. After going into radio with CBS in 1948, Reasoner worked for the United States Information Agency in the Philippines, when he returned to the US, he went into television and worked at station KEYD in Minneapolis. He ran for Minneapolis city council as a Republican in 1949, Reasoner took part in covering the John F. Kennedy assassination on Friday, November 22,1963. Walter Cronkite and Charles Collingwood had been switching back and forth to report on the incident for about four hours after Cronkite initially broke the news at 1,40 p. m. EST. Reasoner took over the chair after Collingwood tossed it to him at 5,49 p. m. C. Reasoner left the desk when Cronkite returned to anchor CBS Evening News at 6,35 p. m. EST. Reasoners next appearance came two days later, Sunday, and as Reasoner was at the desk, Oswald was shot by Jack Ruby while being moved in the Dallas City Jail. At that very moment, Roger Mudd was filing a report from Washington, at this point, CBS abruptly cut back to Reasoner at the newsroom anchor desk with breaking news. At the time CBS picked up KRLDs live feed of the city jail basement, Oswald was lying on the floor, KRLDs reporter on the scene, Bob Huffaker, was heard to say, Oswald has been shot, Oswald has been shot. Several minutes later, he reported that the Dallas Police had released Rubys name, in 1968, Reasoner teamed up with Mike Wallace to launch 60 Minutes, a new newsmagazine series. On 60 Minutes and elsewhere, he worked with producer and writer Andy Rooney
Harry Reasoner
–
Harry Reasoner, 1974
Harry Reasoner
–
Reasoner as an employee of the
United States Information Agency
Harry Reasoner
–
Reasoner and
Mike Wallace on the 60 Minutes premiere, 1968.
Harry Reasoner
–
Reasoner with fellow newsanchors
Barbara Walters and
Howard K. Smith in 1976
35.
I Love Lucy
–
I Love Lucy is a landmark American television sitcom starring Lucille Ball, Desi Arnaz, Vivian Vance, and William Frawley. The black-and-white series originally ran from October 15,1951, to May 6,1957, after the series ended in 1957, however, a modified version continued for three more seasons with 13 one-hour specials, it ran from 1957 to 1960. It was first known as The Lucille Ball-Desi Arnaz Show and later in reruns as The Lucy–Desi Comedy Hour. The show, which was the first scripted television program to be shot on 35 mm film in front of an audience, won five Emmy Awards. I Love Lucy was the most watched show in the United States in four of its six seasons, the show is still syndicated in dozens of languages across the world and remains popular with an American audience of 40 million each year. A colorized version of its Christmas episode attracted more than 8 million viewers when CBS aired it in time in 2013 –62 years after the show premiered. A second colorized special, featuring the L. A, at Last. and Lucy and Superman episodes, aired on May 17,2015, attracting 6.4 million viewers. I Love Lucy is often regarded as one of the greatest and most influential sitcoms in history, in 2012, it was voted the Best TV Show of All Time in a survey conducted by ABC News and People Magazine. The Ricardos best friends, Fred and Ethel, are former vaudevillians, unfortunately, she has few marketable performance skills. She does not seem to be able to carry a tune or play anything other than off-key renditions of such as Glow Worm on the saxophone. However, to say she is completely without talent would be untrue, as on occasion, she is shown to be a good dancer, the show provided Ball ample opportunity to display her considerable skill at clowning and physical comedy. Character development was not a focus of early sitcoms, so little was offered about her life before the show. Her family was absent, other than occasional appearances by her bird-brained mother and she was also depicted as a devoted housewife and attentive mother. Lucys husband, Ricky Ricardo, is an up-and-coming Cuban American singer and bandleader with an excitable personality and his patience is frequently tested by his wifes antics. When exasperated, he reverts to speaking rapidly in Spanish. As with Lucy, not much is revealed about his past or family, Rickys mother appears in two episodes, in another Lucy mentions that he has five brothers. Ricky also mentions that he had practically raised by his uncle Alberto. The story, at least insofar as related to newspaper columnist Hedda Hopper, is that the met in Havana when Lucy
I Love Lucy
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I Love Lucy
I Love Lucy
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Lucy and Ricky are mountain climbing in the Alps during their 1956 European vacation.
I Love Lucy
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Cast members from left, standing: William Frawley, Desi Arnaz, seated: Vivian Vance and Lucille Ball.
I Love Lucy
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Mike (left) and Joe Mayer both played Little Ricky as a toddler.
36.
Richard Nixon
–
Richard Milhous Nixon was an American politician who served as the 37th President of the United States from 1969 until 1974, when he became the only U. S. president to resign from office. He had previously served as a U. S, Representative and Senator from California and as the 36th Vice President of the United States from 1953 to 1961 under the presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower. Nixon was born in Yorba Linda, California, after completing his undergraduate studies at Whittier College, he graduated from Duke University School of Law in 1937 and returned to California to practice law. He and his wife Pat moved to Washington in 1942 to work for the federal government and he subsequently served on active duty in the U. S. Navy Reserve during World War II. Nixon was elected to the House of Representatives in 1946 and to the Senate in 1950 and his pursuit of the Hiss Case established his reputation as a leading anti-communist, and elevated him to national prominence. He was the mate of Dwight D. Eisenhower, the Republican Party presidential nominee in the 1952 election. Nixon served for eight years as vice president and he waged an unsuccessful presidential campaign in 1960, narrowly losing to John F. Kennedy, and lost a race for Governor of California to Pat Brown in 1962. In 1968, he ran for the presidency again and was elected by defeating incumbent Vice President Hubert Humphrey, Nixon ended American involvement in the war in Vietnam in 1973 and brought the American POWs home, and ended the military draft. His administration generally transferred power from Washington D. C. to the states and he imposed wage and price controls for a period of ninety days, enforced desegregation of Southern schools and established the Environmental Protection Agency. Nixon also presided over the Apollo 11 moon landing, which signaled the end of the moon race and he was reelected in one of the largest electoral landslides in U. S. history in 1972, when he defeated George McGovern. The year 1973 saw an Arab oil embargo, gasoline rationing, the scandal escalated, costing Nixon much of his political support, and on August 9,1974, he resigned in the face of almost certain impeachment and removal from office. After his resignation, he was issued a pardon by his successor, in retirement, Nixons work writing several books and undertaking of many foreign trips helped to rehabilitate his image. He suffered a stroke on April 18,1994. Richard Milhous Nixon was born on January 9,1913 in Yorba Linda, California and his parents were Hannah Nixon and Francis A. Nixon. His mother was a Quaker and his father converted from Methodism to the Quaker faith, Nixons upbringing was marked by evangelical Quaker observances of the time, such as refraining from alcohol, dancing, and swearing. Nixon had four brothers, Harold, Donald, Arthur, four of the five Nixon boys were named after kings who had ruled in historical or legendary England, Richard, for example, was named after Richard the Lionheart. Nixons early life was marked by hardship, and he quoted a saying of Eisenhower to describe his boyhood, We were poor. The Nixon family ranch failed in 1922, and the moved to Whittier
Richard Nixon
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Richard Nixon
Richard Nixon
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The infant Richard stands outside the Nixons' Yorba Linda Home (early 1914), looking toward what is today the
Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum
Richard Nixon
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Nixon (second from right) makes his newspaper debut in 1916, contributing five cents to a fund for war orphans.
Donald is to the left of his brother.
Richard Nixon
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Nixon at
Whittier High School in 1930.
37.
Los Angeles
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Los Angeles, officially the City of Los Angeles and often known by its initials L. A. is the cultural, financial, and commercial center of Southern California. With a census-estimated 2015 population of 3,971,883, it is the second-most populous city in the United States, Los Angeles is also the seat of Los Angeles County, the most populated county in the United States. The citys inhabitants are referred to as Angelenos, historically home to the Chumash and Tongva, Los Angeles was claimed by Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo for Spain in 1542 along with the rest of what would become Alta California. The city was founded on September 4,1781, by Spanish governor Felipe de Neve. It became a part of Mexico in 1821 following the Mexican War of Independence, in 1848, at the end of the Mexican–American War, Los Angeles and the rest of California were purchased as part of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, thereby becoming part of the United States. Los Angeles was incorporated as a municipality on April 4,1850, the discovery of oil in the 1890s brought rapid growth to the city. The completion of the Los Angeles Aqueduct in 1913, delivering water from Eastern California, nicknamed the City of Angels, Los Angeles is known for its Mediterranean climate, ethnic diversity, and sprawling metropolis. Los Angeles also has an economy in culture, media, fashion, science, sports, technology, education, medicine. A global city, it has been ranked 6th in the Global Cities Index, the city is home to renowned institutions covering a broad range of professional and cultural fields, and is one of the most substantial economic engines within the United States. The Los Angeles combined statistical area has a gross metropolitan product of $831 billion, making it the third-largest in the world, after the Greater Tokyo and New York metropolitan areas. The city has hosted the Summer Olympic Games in 1932 and 1984 and is bidding to host the 2024 Summer Olympics and thus become the second city after London to have hosted the Games three times. The Los Angeles area also hosted the 1994 FIFA mens World Cup final match as well as the 1999 FIFA womens World Cup final match, the mens event was watched on television by over 700 million people worldwide. The Los Angeles coastal area was first settled by the Tongva, a Gabrielino settlement in the area was called iyáangẚ, meaning poison oak place. Gaspar de Portolà and Franciscan missionary Juan Crespí, reached the present site of Los Angeles on August 2,1769, in 1771, Franciscan friar Junípero Serra directed the building of the Mission San Gabriel Arcángel, the first mission in the area. The Queen of the Angels is an honorific of the Virgin Mary, two-thirds of the settlers were mestizo or mulatto with a mixture of African, indigenous and European ancestry. The settlement remained a small town for decades, but by 1820. Today, the pueblo is commemorated in the district of Los Angeles Pueblo Plaza and Olvera Street. New Spain achieved its independence from the Spanish Empire in 1821, during Mexican rule, Governor Pío Pico made Los Angeles Alta Californias regional capital
Los Angeles
Los Angeles
Los Angeles
Los Angeles
38.
John Hart (journalist)
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John Hart is a retired American television journalist who worked for several different television networks during the 1960s through the 1990s. First known to the American public as a correspondent for CBS News and he stayed with that network until 1988 when the Christian Science Monitor hired him as anchor of its cable television newscast, World Monitor, which aired on The Discovery Channel 1988-1991. Among Harts awards were Peabody, Overseas Press Club, Weintal, Edward R. Murrow, Christopher, ACE and he received a B. A. degree from Westmont College in Santa Barbara, Calif. in 1953. From 1954-1960 he served in the U. S. Army, from 1956-60 he worked at WCCO in Minneapolis, WSJB-TV in Elkhardt, Indiana, and KPOL radio in Los Angeles. While there he received his M. A. degree in journalism from UCLA, from 1960-1964 he was a writer/reporter for KNXT in Los Angeles. In 1964 he became manager and correspondent of the CBS owned television station news bureau in Washington. During 1965-1966 he covered the South for CBS News, followed by an assignment in Vietnam. During 1968 he covered the campaigns of Robert Kennedy and Richard Nixon. Hart joined NBC News as a correspondent in Feb.1975. In January 1977 be became the national affairs correspondent, in November 1979 he was named chief European correspondent, based in London. That month he interviewed Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini of Iran
John Hart (journalist)
–
Hart at the
1976 Democratic National Convention
39.
Washington, D.C.
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Washington, D. C. formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, the District, or simply D. C. is the capital of the United States. The signing of the Residence Act on July 16,1790, Constitution provided for a federal district under the exclusive jurisdiction of the Congress and the District is therefore not a part of any state. The states of Maryland and Virginia each donated land to form the federal district, named in honor of President George Washington, the City of Washington was founded in 1791 to serve as the new national capital. In 1846, Congress returned the land ceded by Virginia, in 1871. Washington had an population of 681,170 as of July 2016. Commuters from the surrounding Maryland and Virginia suburbs raise the population to more than one million during the workweek. The Washington metropolitan area, of which the District is a part, has a population of over 6 million, the centers of all three branches of the federal government of the United States are in the District, including the Congress, President, and Supreme Court. Washington is home to national monuments and museums, which are primarily situated on or around the National Mall. The city hosts 176 foreign embassies as well as the headquarters of international organizations, trade unions, non-profit organizations, lobbying groups. A locally elected mayor and a 13‑member council have governed the District since 1973, However, the Congress maintains supreme authority over the city and may overturn local laws. D. C. residents elect a non-voting, at-large congressional delegate to the House of Representatives, the District receives three electoral votes in presidential elections as permitted by the Twenty-third Amendment to the United States Constitution, ratified in 1961. Various tribes of the Algonquian-speaking Piscataway people inhabited the lands around the Potomac River when Europeans first visited the area in the early 17th century, One group known as the Nacotchtank maintained settlements around the Anacostia River within the present-day District of Columbia. Conflicts with European colonists and neighboring tribes forced the relocation of the Piscataway people, some of whom established a new settlement in 1699 near Point of Rocks, Maryland. 43, published January 23,1788, James Madison argued that the new government would need authority over a national capital to provide for its own maintenance. Five years earlier, a band of unpaid soldiers besieged Congress while its members were meeting in Philadelphia, known as the Pennsylvania Mutiny of 1783, the event emphasized the need for the national government not to rely on any state for its own security. However, the Constitution does not specify a location for the capital, on July 9,1790, Congress passed the Residence Act, which approved the creation of a national capital on the Potomac River. The exact location was to be selected by President George Washington, formed from land donated by the states of Maryland and Virginia, the initial shape of the federal district was a square measuring 10 miles on each side, totaling 100 square miles. Two pre-existing settlements were included in the territory, the port of Georgetown, Maryland, founded in 1751, many of the stones are still standing
Washington, D.C.
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Clockwise from top left:
Smithsonian Institution Building,
Rock Creek Park,
National Mall (including the
Lincoln Memorial in the foreground),
Howard Theatre and the
Frederick Douglass National Historic Site
Washington, D.C.
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Map of the District of Columbia in 1835, prior to the
retrocession
Washington, D.C.
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Ford's Theatre in the 19th century, site of the 1865
assassination of
President Lincoln
Washington, D.C.
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Crowds surrounding the
Reflecting Pool during the 1963
March on Washington
40.
Moscow
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Moscow is the capital and most populous city of Russia, with 13.2 million residents within the city limits and 17.8 million within the urban area. Moscow has the status of a Russian federal city, Moscow is a major political, economic, cultural, and scientific center of Russia and Eastern Europe, as well as the largest city entirely on the European continent. Moscow is the northernmost and coldest megacity and metropolis on Earth and it is home to the Ostankino Tower, the tallest free standing structure in Europe, the Federation Tower, the tallest skyscraper in Europe, and the Moscow International Business Center. Moscow is situated on the Moskva River in the Central Federal District of European Russia, the city is well known for its architecture, particularly its historic buildings such as Saint Basils Cathedral with its brightly colored domes. Moscow is the seat of power of the Government of Russia, being the site of the Moscow Kremlin, the Moscow Kremlin and Red Square are also one of several World Heritage Sites in the city. Both chambers of the Russian parliament also sit in the city and it is recognized as one of the citys landmarks due to the rich architecture of its 200 stations. In old Russian the word also meant a church administrative district. The demonym for a Moscow resident is москвич for male or москвичка for female, the name of the city is thought to be derived from the name of the Moskva River. There have been proposed several theories of the origin of the name of the river and its cognates include Russian, музга, muzga pool, puddle, Lithuanian, mazgoti and Latvian, mazgāt to wash, Sanskrit, majjati to drown, Latin, mergō to dip, immerse. There exist as well similar place names in Poland like Mozgawa, the original Old Russian form of the name is reconstructed as *Москы, *Mosky, hence it was one of a few Slavic ū-stem nouns. From the latter forms came the modern Russian name Москва, Moskva, in a similar manner the Latin name Moscovia has been formed, later it became a colloquial name for Russia used in Western Europe in the 16th–17th centuries. From it as well came English Muscovy, various other theories, having little or no scientific ground, are now largely rejected by contemporary linguists. The surface similarity of the name Russia with Rosh, an obscure biblical tribe or country, the oldest evidence of humans on the territory of Moscow dates from the Neolithic. Within the modern bounds of the city other late evidence was discovered, on the territory of the Kremlin, Sparrow Hills, Setun River and Kuntsevskiy forest park, etc. The earliest East Slavic tribes recorded as having expanded to the upper Volga in the 9th to 10th centuries are the Vyatichi and Krivichi, the Moskva River was incorporated as part of Rostov-Suzdal into the Kievan Rus in the 11th century. By AD1100, a settlement had appeared on the mouth of the Neglinnaya River. The first known reference to Moscow dates from 1147 as a place of Yuri Dolgoruky. At the time it was a town on the western border of Vladimir-Suzdal Principality
Moscow
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Left to right, top to bottom:
Moscow State University,
Spasskaya Clocktower,
Cathedral of Christ the Saviour;
Bolshoi Theatre,
Moscow International Business Center;
Red Square
Moscow
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Tatar raid upon Moscow
Moscow
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Map of Moscow, 1784
Moscow
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Red Square, painting by
Fedor Alekseev, 1801
41.
Hughes Rudd
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Hughes Day Rudd was a television journalist and CBS News correspondent. Rudd was known for his style, gravelly voice, and unimposing sense of humor. Rudd attended the University of Missouri from 1938 to 1941 before enlisting in the U. S. Army during World War II, flying Piper Cubs as an artillery spotter pilot in Africa and Europe, Rudd earned a Purple Heart, six Air Medals and a Silver Star. Following World War II, Rudd began his career writing for several newspapers, including the Kansas City Star, the Minneapolis Tribune. Rudd got his first position at CBS News as a writer through the influence of his friend Walter Cronkite, Rudd reported from around the world, including tours as a correspondent in Bonn, Berlin, and Moscow. He was an anchor of the CBS Morning News from 1973 to 1977 when the CBS morning news program was more of a news summary similar to the format of The CBS Evening News with Walter Cronkite. At times, Rudd was paired with various other CBS anchors, including, briefly in 1973, Sally Quinn, and later, Bruce Morton and Richard Threlkeld, in mid 1979, Rudd was recruited to ABC News by Roone Arledge. Human interest stories, humorous or touching showender pieces became his hallmark, one of his assignments was as announcer for ABCs Wide World of Sports. Always a Francophile, after retirement in 1986 he moved to Valence-dAlbigeois in the department of the Tarn in southwestern France with his wife, Ann. Rudds book, My Escape From the C. I. A. and Other Improbable Events and he died of an aneurysm at a hospital in Toulouse, his ashes are buried at Arlington National Cemetery. The awards he won included a George Foster Peabody Award for his writing on the CBS Morning News in 1977. Hughes Rudd at Find a Grave http, //www. americanheritage. com/content/when-i-landed-war-was-over
Hughes Rudd
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Rudd with Sally Quinn, 1973.
42.
Nelson Benton
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CBS News is the news division of American television and radio service CBS. The president of CBS News is David Rhodes, CBS News broadcasts include the CBS Evening News, CBS This Morning, news magazine programs CBS Sunday Morning,60 Minutes and 48 Hours, and Sunday morning political affairs program Face the Nation. CBS operates a 24-hour news network called CBSN, the first live anchored 24-hour streaming news network that is exclusively online, in December 1930 CBS chief William S. Paley hired journalist Paul W. White away from United Press as CBSs news editor. Paley put the networks news operation at the same level as entertainment. Along with other networks, CBS chafed at the breaking news embargo imposed upon radio by the wire services, CBS disregarded an embargo when it broke the story of the Lindbergh kidnapping in 1932, using live on-the-air reporting. Radio networks scooped print outlets with news of the 1932 presidential election, in March 1933 White was named vice president and general manager in charge of news at CBS. As the first head of CBS News, he began to build an organization that established a legendary reputation. In 1935 White hired Edward R. Murrow, and sent him to London in 1937 to run CBS Radios European operation, White led a staff that would come to include Charles Collingwood, William L. Shirer, Eric Sevareid, John Charles Daly, Joseph C. Harsch Cecil Brown, Elmer Davis, Quincy Howe, H. V. Kaltenborn, CBS was getting its ducks in a row for the biggest news story in history, World War II, wrote radio historian John Dunning. Upon becoming commercial station WCBW in 1941, the pioneer CBS television station in New York City broadcast two daily news programs, at 2,30 and 7,30 p. m. weekdays, anchored by Richard Hubbell. Most of the newscasts featured Hubbell reading a script with only occasional cutaways to a map or still photograph, when Pearl Harbor was bombed on December 7,1941, WCBW, took to the air at 8,45 p. m. with an extensive special report. The national emergency even broke down the wall between CBS radio and television. The WCBW special report that night lasted less than 90 minutes, but that special broadcast pushed the limits of live television in 1941 and opened up new possibilities for future broadcasts. Additional newscasts were scheduled in the days of the war. In May 1944, as the war began to turn in favor of the Allies, WCBW reopened the studios and the newscasts returned, briefly anchored by Ned Calmer, and then by Everett Holles. After the war, expanded news programs appeared on the WCBW schedule – whose call letters were changed to WCBS-TV in 1946 – first anchored by Milo Boulton, and later by Douglas Edwards. On May 3,1948, Edwards began anchoring CBS Television News and it aired every weeknight at 7,30 p. m. and was the first regularly scheduled, network television news program featuring an anchor. NBCs offering at the time, NBC Television Newsreel, was simply film footage with voice narration, the broadcast was renamed the CBS Evening News when Walter Cronkite replaced Edwards in 1962
Nelson Benton
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Douglas Edwards on the CBS news set in 1952.
Nelson Benton
–
CBS News
43.
The Washington Post
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The Washington Post is an American daily newspaper. It is the most widely circulated newspaper published in Washington, D. C. and was founded on December 6,1877 and its current slogan is Democracy Dies in Darkness. Located in the city of the United States, the newspaper has a particular emphasis on national politics. Daily editions are printed for the District of Columbia, Maryland, the newspaper is published as a broadsheet, with photographs printed both in color and in black and white. The newspaper has won 47 Pulitzer Prizes and this includes six separate Pulitzers awarded in 2008, the second-highest number ever awarded to a single newspaper in one year, second only to The New York Times seven awards in 2002. Post journalists have also received 18 Nieman Fellowships and 368 White House News Photographers Association awards, in years since, its investigations have led to increased review of the Walter Reed Army Medical Center. In 2013, its owners, the Graham family, sold the newspaper to billionaire entrepreneur. The newspaper is owned by Nash Holdings LLC, a holding company Bezos created for the acquisition, the Washington Post is generally regarded as one of the leading daily American newspapers, along with The New York Times and The Wall Street Journal. The Post has distinguished itself through its reporting on the workings of the White House, Congress. It is one of the two daily broadsheets published in Washington D. C. the other being its smaller rival The Washington Times, unlike The New York Times and The Wall Street Journal, The Washington Post does not print an edition for distribution away from the East Coast. In 2009, the newspaper ceased publication of its National Weekly Edition, the majority of its newsprint readership is in District of Columbia and its suburbs in Maryland and Northern Virginia. The Sunday Style section differs slightly from the weekday Style section, it is in a tabloid format, and it houses the reader-written humor contest The Style Invitational. Additional weekly sections appear on weekdays, Health & Science on Tuesday, Food on Wednesday, Local Living on Thursday, the latter two are in a tabloid format. In November 2009, it announced the closure of its U. S. regional bureaus—Chicago, Los Angeles and New York—as part of a focus on. political stories. The newspaper has bureaus in Maryland and Virginia. While its circulation has been slipping, it has one of the highest market-penetration rates of any metropolitan news daily, for many decades, the Post had its main office at 1150 15th Street NW. This real estate remained with Graham Holdings when the newspaper was sold to Jeff Bezos Nash Holdings in 2013, Graham Holdings sold 1150 15th Street for US$159 million in November 2013. The Washington Post continued to lease space at 1150 L Street NW, in May 2014, The Washington Post leased the west tower of One Franklin Square, a high-rise building at 1301 K Street NW in Washington, D. C
The Washington Post
–
Front page for May 21, 2015
The Washington Post
–
The headquarters of The Washington Post in
Washington, DC.
The Washington Post
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Washington Post building in 1948
The Washington Post
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The Monday, July 21, 1969, edition, with the headline
"'The Eagle Has Landed' — Two Men Walk on the Moon"
44.
Sally Quinn
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Sally Sterling Quinn is an American author and journalist, who writes about religion for a blog at The Washington Post. Sally Quinn was born in Savannah, Georgia, to Lt. General William Wilson Buffalo Bill Quinn and his wife, both are buried at Arlington National Cemetery. Quinn has two siblings—Donna of Oakland, California, and William Jr. of Phoenix, Arizona, as a Colonel in World War II, he helped coordinate the invasion of southern France in 1944 and captured Hermann Göring. Though he was not present, his regiment liberated Dachau concentration camp, he arrived the next day, from 1964 to 1966, he commanded the Seventh Army in Germany. Quinn wrote about his career in an autobiography, Buffalo Bill Remembers, for many years, the Quinns lived on Connecticut Avenue N. W. Washington, D. C. where Bette Quinn was known for her cooking and entertaining, Quinn describes her and her mothers pleasure at what would now be described as sexual harassment by Strom Thurmond in the 1950s. Quinn attended and graduated from Smith College in 1963, the job interview included the following exchange. Can you show me something youve written, ive never written anything, admitted Quinn. A profile in Vanity Fair attributes the Nobodys perfect line to editorial-page editor Philip L. Geyelin, however, she soon demonstrated, as a reporter for the papers style section, a talent for drawing out the subjects of her interviews and profiles. Henry Kissinger said, Maxine Cheshire makes you want to commit murder, Sally Quinn makes you want to commit suicide. Quinn was critical of President Bill Clinton during the impeachment trial, Quinn had a long-standing animus for the Clintons, possibly due to a perceived snub by First Lady Hillary Clinton, who declined a party invitation from Quinn. Regarding Whitewater Independent Counsel Ken Starr, she wrote, Similarly, Starr is a Washington insider, too. He has lived and worked here for years and he had a reputation as a fair and honest judge. He has many friends in both parties and their wives are friendly with one another and their children go to the same schools. On February 19,2010, The Washington Post published Sally Quinns The Party, No dueling Bradlee weddings, just scheduling mistake, in print and this was Quinns last column for the printed newspaper. The column alluded to Bradlee family dysfunction, her sons wedding, the column was considered inappropriate and reader backlash was immediate, criticizing Quinn for airing family laundry and Washington Post editors for printing it. By February 24, the Post canceled her column, which had been appearing in the section of the print edition. Quinn continued to write for the Posts Onfaith blog at least through 2015 and she remains listed as a contributor
Sally Quinn
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Sally Quinn at Financial Times Meet the Editor reception, Washington, DC, in April 2011
45.
Lesley Stahl
–
Lesley Rene Stahl is an American television journalist. She has spent most of her career with CBS News, having affiliated with that network since 1972, since 1991. Stahl was born to a wealthy Jewish family in Lynn, Massachusetts and she is the daughter of Dorothy J. and Louis E. Stahl, a food company executive. In 1977, Stahl married author Aaron Latham and they have one child, Taylor Stahl Latham. The couple currently lives in New York City, an honors graduate of Wheaton College who majored in History, Stahl began her television broadcasting career at Bostons original Channel 5, WHDH-TV as a producer and on-air reporter. She joined CBS News in 1972, and became a correspondent in 1974, I was born on my 30th birthday, Stahl would later write about the experience. Everything up till then was prenatal, a friend in New York had called to tell me about a memo floating around CBS News mandating that the next reporter we hire will be a woman. According to Stahl, Connie Chung and Bernard Shaw were the two other affirmative action babies in what known as the Class of 72. Stahl was the mentor of CBS news producer Susan Zirinsky, stahls prominence grew after she covered the Watergate affair. She went on to become White House correspondent during the presidencies of Jimmy Carter, Ronald Reagan, George H. W. Bush had been standing perhaps not far away, largely off by himself, looking discouraged because he was sure he wasnt going to be chosen. Stahl was the moderator of Face the Nation between September 1983 and May 1991, in addition, she hosted 48 Hours Investigates from 2002-04. In 2002, Stahl made headlines when Al Gore appeared on 60 Minutes, when Katie Couric was hired, CBS News asked Stahl to reduce her salary by $500,000 to accommodate Courics salary, bringing her salary down to $1.8 million. In October 2007 Nicolas Sarkozy, President of France, stood up, in 1998, she appeared in an episode of Frasier, playing herself in the episode Desperately Seeking Closure. In 2014, she served as a correspondent for Years of Living Dangerously, a documentary show about climate change. Stahl has written two books, the first of which, Reporting Live, was published in 1999, I had decided by August 1989, in my 48th year, then we went to Rwanda to see the mountain gorillas, Dian Fosseys gorillas in the mist. After two and a half hours there they were, two baby gorillas frolicking like any four-year-olds and we were right there, in their lives, in the middle of their open-air house. And then the silverback, the patriarch, seemed to welcome us, as three females kept grooming him. We spent one hour in their world, watching them tumble and wrestle, nurse their babies, swing in the trees, forage for food—vines, leaves, when I went to reciprocate, the guide hit my arm with a stick
Lesley Stahl
–
Lesley Stahl at the
LBJ Presidential Library in 2010
Lesley Stahl
–
Interviewing General
Raymond Odierno for 60 Minutes in Sadr City, 2008.
46.
Bob Schieffer
–
Bob Lloyd Schieffer is an American television journalist. He is known for his moderation of presidential debates, where he has been praised for his capability and his career with CBS has almost exclusively dealt with national politics. He has interviewed every United States President since Richard Nixon, as well as most of those who sought the office. From March 2005 to August 31,2006, Schieffer was interim anchor of CBS Evening News. Schieffer is currently releasing episodes of a new podcast, Bob Schieffers About the News with H. Andrew Schwartz and he co-authored a book about Ronald Reagan, The Acting President, with Gary Paul Gates, that was published in 1989. In his memoir, This Just In, Schieffer credits the fact he was a reporter at CBS for his longevity at the network. Murrow Award given by Murrows alma mater, Washington State University, shieffer was inducted into the Broadcasting & Cable Hall of Fame in 2002, and inducted into the National Academy of Arts and Sciences Hall of Fame in 2013. He was named a legend by the Library of Congress in 2008. Schieffer is currently serving as the Walter Shorenstein Media and Democracy Fellow at Harvard Kennedy Schools Shorenstein Center, Schieffer was born on February 25,1937, in Austin, Texas, to John Emmitt Schieffer and Gladys Payne Schieffer, and grew up in Fort Worth, Texas. He is an alumnus of North Side High School, and Texas Christian University, where he was a member of the Air Force Reserve Officer Training Corps, the College of Communication at TCU was renamed in Bob Schieffer’s honor in 2013. After graduating from TCU, Schieffer served in the U. S. Air Force as an information officer stationed at Travis Air Force Base. He was honorably discharged and joined the Fort Worth Star-Telegram as a reporter, at the Star Telegram, he received his first major journalistic recognition on November 22,1963. Schieffer married Patricia Penrose Schieffer in 1967 and they have two daughters and three granddaughters. Shortly after President Kennedy was shot in Dallas, Texas, while in the Star-Telegram office, the woman was Marguerite Oswald, Lee Harvey Oswalds mother, whom he accompanied to the Dallas police station. He spent the several hours there pretending to be a detective. In the company of Oswalds mother, Marguerite and his wife, Marina and this enabled the Star Telegram to create four Extra editions on the day of the assassination. Schieffer later joined the Star-Telegrams television station, WBAP-TV in Fort Worth before taking a job with CBS in 1969. Schieffer was anchor of the CBS Sunday Night News from 1973 to 1974, the CBS Sunday Evening News in 1976 and he also anchored the weekday CBS morning show at the time called Morning, which was titled in accordance to the day of the week from 1979 to 1980
Bob Schieffer
–
Schieffer in New York City, April 2006
47.
CBS News Sunday Morning
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CBS News Sunday Morning is an American newsmagazine television program that has aired on CBS since January 28,1979. Created by Robert Northshield and original host Charles Kuralt, the 90-minute program currently airs Sundays from 9,00 to 10,30 a. m. Eastern, Pacific Time from 7,00 to 8,30 a. m. and 8,00 to 9,30 a. m. in all time zones. The show is hosted by Jane Pauley, who succeeded Charles Osgood on October 9,2016, Osgood was the host for twenty-two years, taking over from original host Charles Kuralt in April 1994. The format was conceived as the Sunday equivalent of the CBS Morning News, the weekday broadcasts, which emphasized hard news as opposed to Sunday Mornings focus on feature stories, were originally anchored by Bob Schieffer. However, the weekday programs then-limited 7,00 to 8,00 a. m, in 1982, the weekday version was extended to a full two hours and restored its previous CBS Morning News title, later to be replaced by short-lived The Morning Program in 1987. The Sunday version, however, survived, and retains its original format, long after the daily editions ended, the Sunday editions opening sequence continued to display all seven days of the week until the early 2000s. On January 25,2004, CBS News Sunday Morning celebrated its 25th anniversary with clips, host Charles Osgood showed clips from former host Charles Kuralt. The February 1,2009 broadcast celebrated Sunday Mornings 30th anniversary, segments examined how the world has changed in the three decades since the program began, the history of Sundays in America and – as a tie-in to the shows logo – the physics of the sun. An artist was commissioned to create new sun logos for the program, CBS News correspondent Steve Hartman periodically revisits some of Charles Kuralts memorable personal profiles. On May 17,2009, CBS News Sunday Morning began broadcasting in high-definition, in 2014, rebroadcasts of the program began airing on sister cable network Smithsonian Channel, but has since been pulled from that channels programming. It then follows a story totem pole in the center of the CBS soundstage, each story covered in a given episode has a glass plate with its headline on this pole, which the camera follows after Pauleys introductions. Music in the show is usually limited to the opening and closing title theme, Pauley introduces each story with a short monologue, then sends the show out to the taped segment. The show usually ends with a preview of the guests and topics to air on that weeks Face the Nation, after the commercial break, there is a 60-second tranquil nature scene. The programs correspondents tend to ask questions of guests. Story lengths are longer and the pace of the program is considerably quieter, commentators Ben Stein and Nancy Giles appear in recurring segments, delivering their opinion, and correspondent Bill Geist also contributes human interest stories. The program ends with a scene, not given a formal title for most of the programs history. The Sunday Morning Experience is a podcast from the younger fan perspective hosted by married couple, Naomi and Jordan Hillyard, about CBS Sunday Morning
CBS News Sunday Morning
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Logo used since 1999
48.
Diane Sawyer
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Lila Diane Sawyer is an American television journalist. Previously, Sawyer has been the anchor of ABC Newss nightly flagship program ABC World News, Early in her career, she was a member of U. S. President Richard Nixons White House staff and closely associated with the president himself. Sawyer was born in Glasgow, Kentucky, to Jean W. an elementary teacher, and Erbon Powers Tom Sawyer. Her ancestry includes English, Irish, Scots-Irish, and German, soon after her birth, her family moved to Louisville, where her father rose to local prominence as a Republican politician and community leader. He was Kentuckys Jefferson County Judge/Executive when he was killed in a car accident on Louisvilles Interstate 64 in 1969, E. P. Tom Sawyer State Park, in the Freys Hill area of Louisville, is named in his honor. Sawyer attended Seneca High School in the Buechel area of Louisville and she served as an editor-in-chief for her school newspaper, The Arrow, and participated in many artistic activities. She always felt, however, that she was in the shadow of her older sister, in her senior year of high school, in 1963, she won first place in the annual national Americas Junior Miss scholarship pageant as a representative from the Commonwealth of Kentucky. She won by her strength of poise in the interview and her essay comparing the music of the North. From 1962 to 1965, Sawyer was Americas Junior Miss, touring the country to promote the Coca-Cola Pavilion at the 1964–1965 New York Worlds Fair. At first, she thought that travelling around the country as Americas Junior Miss would be a terrifying experience, in 1967, she received a Bachelor of Arts degree with a major in English from Wellesley College in Wellesley, Massachusetts. She was a member of the Wellesley College Blue Notes, an a cappella-singing group and she attended one semester of law school at the University of Louisville before turning to journalism. Immediately after her graduation, Sawyer returned to Kentucky and was employed as weather forecaster for WLKY-TV in Louisville, in Sawyers opinion, the weather was boring, so she would occasionally add quotes to keep it interesting. Finally, Sawyer was promoted to a general-assignment post, but this did not sustain her interest for long, in 1970, Sawyer moved to Washington, D. C. and, unable to find work as a broadcast journalist, she interviewed for positions in government offices. She eventually became an assistant to Jerry Warren, the White House deputy press secretary, initially, Sawyer wrote press releases and quickly graduated to other tasks like drafting some of President Richard Nixons public statements. Within a few months, she became an assistant to White House Press Secretary Ron Ziegler. Speakes later claimed that he had come to the conclusion that Dean had not lied, and that he informed Sawyer and she also helped prepare Nixon for his famous set of television interviews with journalist David Frost in 1977. Years later, Sawyer would be suspected of being Deep Throat, Sawyer laughed it off and became one of six people to request and receive a public denial from Woodward. When Sawyer came back to Washington, D. C. in 1978 and she was promoted to political correspondent in February 1980 and featured on the weekday broadcasts of Morning with Charles Kuralt
Diane Sawyer
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Sawyer at the 2011
Tribeca Film Festival premiere of Jesus Henry Christ
49.
CBS Morning News
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CBS Morning News is an American early morning television news program for CBS News that is broadcast on CBS. The program features late-breaking news stories, national weather forecasts and sports highlights, since 2013, it has been anchored by Anne Marie Green, who concurrently anchored the CBS late-night news program Up to the Minute until its cancellation in September 2015. The program is broadcast live at 4,00 a. m, eastern Time, and is transmitted in a continuous half-hour tape delayed loop until 10,00 a. m. Eastern Time, when CBS This Morning begins in the Pacific Time Zone, the show is updated for any breaking news occurring before 7,00 a. m. Eastern Time, while throughout the network will join CBS This Morning in all time zones past that time at their local discretion or network orders for live coverage. The CBS Morning News title was used as the name of a conventional morning news program that served as a predecessor to the networks current morning program. For most of the 1960s and 1970s, the program aired as a 60-minute hard news broadcast at 7,00 a. m. preceding Captain Kangaroo, walter Cronkite and sportscaster Jim McKay both anchored the original CBS Morning News at one time. When CBS reformatted the early morning broadcast, the CBS Morning News became a pre-dawn 30-minute news broadcast, the program first aired in its current format on October 4,1982 as the CBS Early Morning News, originally co-anchored by Bill Kurtis and Diane Sawyer. Sawyer departed both programs in mid-1984, to be named a correspondent for 60 Minutes later that year, in her absence, Kurtis was joined by a rotating series of co-hosts, principally Maria Shriver, Meredith Vieira and Jane Wallace. For the first half of 1985, Kurtis would continue to anchor the Early Morning News solo until March while continuing to co-anchor the Morning News with Phyllis George until July. After Osgood left the program in 1992, the anchor turnover continued, in March 2009, when Michelle Gielan was named anchor of Up to the Minute, the CBS Morning News became integrated with the overnight news program, using the same anchors on both programs. In November 2012, production of the CBS Morning News and Up to the Minute relocated in the CBS Broadcast Center. On September 21,2015, the CBS Morning News debuted a new look, including a new logo, in addition, production of the program moved to the newsroom of CBS This Morning, where broadcasts of CBSN are also produced. Its long-running counterpart, Up to the Minute, was replaced the same day by the CBS Overnight News, Anne Marie Green Alison Harmelin The Early Show – Defunct morning news/talk program, which aired on CBS from 1999 to 2012. America This Morning – Competing early-morning news program on ABC, which debuted in 1982
CBS Morning News
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CBS Morning News title card while under the Leadership of Susan McGinnis (2002-08).
CBS Morning News
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Titlecard from September 21, 2015
