1.
Comedy
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In a modern sense, comedy refers to any discourse or work generally intended to be humorous or amusing by inducing laughter, especially in theatre, television, film, and stand-up comedy. The origins of the term are found in Ancient Greece, in the Athenian democracy, the public opinion of voters was influenced by the political satire performed by the comic poets at the theaters. The theatrical genre of Greek comedy can be described as a performance which pits two groups or societies against each other in an amusing agon or conflict. Northrop Frye depicted these two opposing sides as a Society of Youth and a Society of the Old, a revised view characterizes the essential agon of comedy as a struggle between a relatively powerless youth and the societal conventions that pose obstacles to his hopes. Satire and political satire use comedy to portray persons or social institutions as ridiculous or corrupt, parody subverts popular genres and forms, critiquing those forms without necessarily condemning them. Similarly scatological humour, sexual humour, and race humour create comedy by violating social conventions or taboos in comic ways, a comedy of manners typically takes as its subject a particular part of society and uses humor to parody or satirize the behaviour and mannerisms of its members. Romantic comedy is a genre that depicts burgeoning romance in humorous terms. The adjective comic, which means that which relates to comedy is, in modern usage. Of this, the word came into usage through the Latin comoedia and Italian commedia and has, over time. The Greeks and Romans confined their use of the comedy to descriptions of stage-plays with happy endings. Aristotle defined comedy as an imitation of men worse than the average, however, the characters portrayed in comedies were not worse than average in every way, only insofar as they are Ridiculous, which is a species of the Ugly. The Ridiculous may be defined as a mistake or deformity not productive of pain or harm to others, the mask, for instance, in the Middle Ages, the term expanded to include narrative poems with happy endings. It is in this sense that Dante used the term in the title of his poem, as time progressed, the word came more and more to be associated with any sort of performance intended to cause laughter. During the Middle Ages, the comedy became synonymous with satire. They disassociated comedy from Greek dramatic representation and instead identified it with Arabic poetic themes and forms and they viewed comedy as simply the art of reprehension, and made no reference to light and cheerful events, or to the troubling beginnings and happy endings associated with classical Greek comedy. After the Latin translations of the 12th century, the term gained a more general meaning in medieval literature. Starting from 425 BCE, Aristophanes, a playwright and satirical author of the Ancient Greek Theater wrote 40 comedies,11 of which survive. Aristophanes developed his type of comedy from the satyr plays
2.
Animation
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Animation is the process of making the illusion of motion and the illusion of change by means of the rapid display of a sequence of images that minimally differ from each other. The illusion—as in motion pictures in general—is thought to rely on the phi phenomenon, animators are artists who specialize in the creation of animation. Animation can be recorded with either analogue media, a book, motion picture film, video tape, digital media, including formats with animated GIF, Flash animation. To display animation, a camera, computer, or projector are used along with new technologies that are produced. Animation creation methods include the traditional animation creation method and those involving stop motion animation of two and three-dimensional objects, paper cutouts, puppets and clay figures, Images are displayed in a rapid succession, usually 24,25,30, or 60 frames per second. Computer animation processes generating animated images with the general term computer-generated imagery, 3D animation uses computer graphics, while 2D animation is used for stylistic, low bandwidth and faster real-time renderings. An earthen goblet discovered at the site of the 5, 200-year-old Shahr-e Sūkhté in southeastern Iran, the artifact bears five sequential images depicting a Persian Desert Ibex jumping up to eat the leaves of a tree. They may, of course, refer to Chinese shadow puppets, in the 19th century, the phenakistoscope, zoetrope and praxinoscope were introduced. A thaumatrope is a toy with a small disk with different pictures on each side. The phenakistoscope was invented simultaneously by Belgian Joseph Plateau and Austrian Simon von Stampfer in 1831, the phenakistoscope consists of a disk with a series of images, drawn on radi evenly space around the center of the disk. John Barnes Linnett patented the first flip book in 1868 as the kineograph, the first animated projection was created in France, by Charles-Émile Reynaud, who was a French science teacher. Reynaud created the Praxinoscope in 1877 and the Théâtre Optique in December 1888, on 28 October 1892, he projected the first animation in public, Pauvre Pierrot, at the Musée Grévin in Paris. This film is notable as the first known instance of film perforations being used. His films were not photographed, they were drawn directly onto the transparent strip, in 1900, more than 500,000 people had attended these screenings. Stuart Blackton, who, because of that, is considered the father of American animation, in Europe, the French artist, Émile Cohl, created the first animated film using what came to be known as traditional animation creation methods - the 1908 Fantasmagorie. The film largely consisted of a figure moving about and encountering all manner of morphing objects. There were also sections of live action in which the hands would enter the scene. The film was created by drawing each frame on paper and then shooting each frame onto negative film, the author of the first puppet-animated film was the Russian-born director Wladyslaw Starewicz, known as Ladislas Starevich
3.
Children's television series
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They can sometimes run during the early evening, allowing younger children to watch them after school. The purpose of the shows is mainly to entertain and sometimes to educate, in the United States, early childrens television was often a marketing branch of a larger corporate product, such as Disney, and it rarely contained any educational elements. This practice continued, albeit in a much toned-down manner, through the 1980s in the United States, in 1992, teen comedies and a Today show weekend edition were first to displace the cartoon blocks on NBC. Starting in September 2002, the networks turned to their affiliated cable cartoon channels or outside programmers for their blocks, the other two Big Three television networks soon did the same. Infomercials replaced the cartoon on Fox in 2008, the Saturday cartoons were less of a draw due to the various cable cartoon channels being available all week starting in the 1990s. With recordable options becoming more prevalent in the 1990s with Videocassette recorder then its 21st century replacements of DVDs, DVRs, FCC rule changes in the 1990s regarding the E/I programming and limitation on kid-focus advertising made the cartoons less profitable. Another possible contributor is the rising divorce rate and the following childrens visitation pushed more quality time with the kids instead of TV watching. On September 27,2014, the last traditional Saturday network morning cartoon block, Vortexx, Childrens television series can target a wide variety of key demographics, the programming used to target these demographics varies by age and gender. Few television networks target infants and toddlers under two years of age, in due to widespread opposition to the practice. Childrens programming can be targeted toward persons 2 to 11 years of age, in practice, this is divided into the preschool demographic. Preschool-oriented programming is more overtly educational. In a number of cases, such shows are produced in consultation with educators, adaptations of illustrated childrens book series are one subgenre of shows targeted at younger children. Shows that target the demographic of persons 6 to 11 years old focus primarily on entertainment, most childrens television series targeting this age range are animated, and many often specifically target boys, girls or sometimes both. PBS has had greater success with its educational programming block. The teen demographic targets viewers 11 to 17 years of age, live-action series that target this demographic are more dramatic and developed, including teen dramas and teen sitcoms. In some cases, they may contain mature content that is usually not permissible on shows targeting younger viewers. Animated programming is not generally targeted at this demographic, cartoons that are aimed at teenagers generally feature more crude humor than those oriented toward younger children. S, regulations that allows teen-oriented programs to be counted as educational but not be subject to restrictions on advertising for childrens programs. One of the issues that is brought up is that of gendered stereotypes within childrens television
4.
Fantasy
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Fantasy is a fiction genre set in an imaginary universe, often but not always without any locations, events, or people from the real world. Most fantasy uses magic or other elements as a main plot element, theme. Magic and magical creatures are common in many of these imaginary worlds, in popular culture, the fantasy genre is predominantly of the medievalist form. In its broadest sense, however, fantasy works by many writers, artists, filmmakers. Fantasy is studied in a number of disciplines including English and other studies, cultural studies, comparative literature, history. The identifying trait of fantasy is the reliance on imagination to create narrative elements that do not have to rely on history or nature to be coherent. This differs from realistic fiction in that whereas realistic fiction has to attend to the history and natural laws of reality, an author applies his or her imagination to come up with characters, plots, and settings that are impossible in reality. Fantasy has often compared with science fiction and horror because they are the major categories of speculative fiction. Fantasy is distinguished from science fiction by the plausibility of the narrative elements, a science fiction narrative is unlikely, though seeming possible through logical scientific and/or technological extrapolation, whereas fantasy narratives do not need to be scientifically possible. The imagined elements of fantasy do not need an explanation to be narratively functional. Authors have to rely on the suspension of disbelief, an acceptance of the unbelievable or impossible for the sake of enjoyment. Despite both genres heavy reliance on the supernatural, fantasy and horror are distinguishable, horror primarily evokes fear through the protagonists weaknesses or inability to deal with the antagonists. Beginning perhaps with the earliest written documents, mythic and other elements that would come to define fantasy. MacDonald was an influence on both J. R. R. Tolkien and C. S. Lewis. The other major fantasy author of this era was William Morris, lord Dunsany established the genres popularity in both the novel and the short story form. Many popular mainstream authors also began to write fantasy at this time, including H. Rider Haggard, Rudyard Kipling and Edgar Rice Burroughs. Indeed, juvenile fantasy was considered more acceptable than fantasy intended for adults, nathaniel Hawthorne wrote fantasy in A Wonder-Book for Girls and Boys, intended for children, though works for adults only verged on fantasy. Political and social trends can affect a societys reception towards fantasy, in the early 20th century, the New Culture Movements enthusiasm for Westernization and science in China compelled them to condemn the fantastical shenmo genre of traditional Chinese literature
5.
Butch Hartman
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Hartman also owns his own production company, Billionfold, Inc. for which he uses primarily to produce his shows. Hartman has been a producer on Fairly OddParents ever since its debut in 2001. Hartman also created Bunsen Is a Beast, which premiered in 2017, Hartman was born in Highland Park, Michigan on January 10,1965 to Elmer Earl Hartman III and Carol Davis, the eldest of 4 children. He received the nickname Butch as a boy and continued to use the name professionally as an adult. Hartman spent his childhood in Roseville, Michigan and his years in New Baltimore. He graduated from Anchor Bay High School in New Baltimore in 1983 and he subsequently attended the California Institute of the Arts in Valencia, California. While still attending CalArts, Hartman received the chance to intern as an animator on the Don Bluth film An American Tail. Shortly after graduating from CalArts, Hartman was hired as a character designer and it was the first time he had worked with storyboards, and because of this, he was soon fired from the job. Afterwards, Hartman found work with Ruby-Spears, where he worked on Its Punky Brewster and Dink and he was also a member of the video reference crew for the Disney film Pocahontas. Eventually, he became a writer, director and storyboard artist for several of the early Cartoon Network shows, including Dexters Laboratory, Johnny Bravo, Cow and Chicken, after his contract with Hanna-Barbera expired, he went to work with Seibert on the Oh Yeah. During his time working at Hanna-Barbera, he became friends with future Family Guy creator Seth MacFarlane, the two would later go onto to make the short, Zoomates together for Oh Yeah. The character, Dr. Elmer Hartman in Family Guy was named after Hartman and he also voiced various characters in the shows first few seasons. His biggest success came in 1997, when he created The Fairly OddParents, the series originally started out as a series of shorts on the anthology show, Oh Yeah. Eventually, Nickelodeon decided to pick the shorts up as a full series, premiering in 2001, the adapted series ended up becoming a huge hit, second only in the ratings to SpongeBob SquarePants. A tenth season was ordered in 2015. Fairly OddParents is Nickelodeons second longest running animated show behind SpongeBob, the show would later become Danny Phantom. To produce the show, in 2004, Hartman founded Billionfold Inc. which he also used, Danny Phantom received critical acclaim and is considered Hartmans best show, with Hartman himself acknowledging it is perhaps the best of his programs. Danny Phantom ended production in 2007, however, Hartman has stated that he would be interested in doing a revival for the show if Nickelodeon asked him to, around 2008-2009, Hartman began production his third show for Nickelodeon, T. U. F. F
6.
Oh Yeah! Cartoons
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Bill Burnett composed the shows theme music. In terms of volume, Oh Yeah. Cartoons remains TVs biggest animation development program ever, featured in its first season a total of 39 brand new seven-minute cartoons in 13 half hour episodes, surpassing the number of new cartoons and characters on any other single network. In its full run, Oh Yeah, cartoons featured and produced over 99 cartoons and 54 characters. Many of the shorts were created by cartoonists who later became more prominent, including Bob Boyle, Thomas R. Miles Thompson, Byron Vaughns, Pat Ventura, Vincent Waller. Many of its animators featured had worked two years earlier on Cartoon Networks What a Cartoon, produced in the same concept by Hanna-Barbera and Cartoon Network Studios, which was also created by Seibert while he was president of that historical studio. Frederator Studios has persisted in the tradition of surfacing new talent, characters, cartoons Raw Toonage What a Cartoon. Show Sunday Pants Shorty McShorts Shorts KaBlam, short Circutz The Cartoonstitute Liquid Television KaBlam. Cartoons The Nicktoons Film Festival Nickelodeon Animated Shorts Program What a Cartoon, cartoons at the Big Cartoon DataBase Oh Yeah. Cartoons at the Internet Movie Database Oh Yeah
7.
Tara Strong
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Tara Strong is a Canadian–American actress who has done work in numerous films and television series, both live-action and animated. Her portrayals have garnered nominations in the Annie Awards and Daytime Emmys, Strong was born on February 12,1973, in Toronto, Ontario to Syd and Lucy Charendoff. Her family, Jews who lived in Russia, had emigrated to Canada after escaping the Anti-Jewish pogroms in the Russian Empire and her parents ran a candy and novelty store called The Wiz, and Syd had also worked as a pharmacist. She and her older sister Marla were raised in Toronto, at age four, she became interested in acting and volunteered to be a soloist at a school production. She worked with the Yiddish Theater, though she did not know the Yiddish language and her first professional role was Gracie in Limelight Theaters production of The Music Man at age 13. She had a guest role in the action series T. and T and her first major cartoon role was the title role in Hello Kittys Furry Tale Theater. She starred in the short-lived CBC Television sitcom Mosquito Lake and she took improv classes at The Second City in Toronto and continued acting in both animated and live-action shows and films, before moving to Los Angeles in January 1994. She also voiced Patty Putty on the Garbage Pail Kids Series and she has appeared in live roles in National Lampoons Senior Trip, Sabrina Goes to Rome, Sabrina Down Under, and The Last White Dishwasher. In January 2013, she voiced the character Plum in Cartoon Hangovers Bravest Warriors and she has the role of the character Miss Collins in Nickelodeons live-action series Big Time Rush. In 2004, she won an Interactive Achievement Award for her role as Rikku in Final Fantasy X-2, to me, thats what it is all about. Strong has been nominated five times for Annie Awards, in 2013, Strong won the Shorty Award for Best #Actress for her use of social media. The Behind the Voice Actors website selected her for a BTVA Voice Acting Award for Voice Actress of the Year for 2013, Strong was the roommate of actress Neve Campbell. They both auditioned for the role of Julia in the 1990s TV series Party of Five. However, Strong appeared in an episode as the character Lorna, in 1999, she met Craig Strong, a former American actor-turned real estate agent, they married on May 14,2000. They have two sons, Sammy and Aden and their family resides in Los Angeles, where they run VoiceStarz, an Internet-based company that teaches people how to get into the voice-over business. Strong and her husband developed and patented a line of baby bottles with caps that their user can set to note the date for breast milk storage. She was involved with a charity group called Bronies for Good where she helped raise funds for a family whose daughter had a brain tumor, in 2012, during the BronyCon event in New Jersey, she attended a lunch with fans from the military. The Complete Directory to Prime Time Network and Cable TV Shows 1946–Present, encyclopedia of Television Shows,1925 through 2010
8.
Daran Norris
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Daran Norris is an American actor and voice actor. Turner in the The Fairly OddParents, Buddha Bob in Big Time Rush, born in Ferndale, Washington, Norris graduated from Ferndale High School in 1983, and married voice actress Mary Elizabeth McGlynn in 1988. Norris has been an actor since 1988, beginning work in television commercials for Pop-Tarts, and moving into film, TV. His first film was Hobgoblins in 1988, Norris is known for the role as Gordy in 44 episodes of Neds Declassified School Survival Guide. Gordy is the lazy, wacky janitor who always goads Ned into rash actions while acting as Neds go-to guy for advice. Norris recurred as Buddha Bob in the 2010 series Big Time Rush and he portrayed Cliff McCormack, a public defender and family friend in the television drama Veronica Mars. The character of McCormack served as an ally to Keith and Veronica Mars and he has known Mars creator Rob Thomas since he was three. In 2015, it was announced that Norris would star as Phil Hartman in the film biopic and he is noted for voicing the lead Dick Daring in 71 episodes of The Replacements from 2006 through 2009, and for voicing Mr. In October 2010, Norris voiced the Decepticon Knock Out in The Hub TV network original series, Transformers and he has also been a voice over in the popular anime show Ghost in the Shell, Stand Alone Complex. Most recently, Norris recurs as the voice of The Chief and he also does the voices of Barnyard Dawg and Wile E. Coyote in the new TV series, The Looney Tunes Show. Norris also played Mr. Turner in the special television film A Fairly Odd Movie, Grow Up. He has recently done commercials for Burger King, Daran Norris at the Internet Movie Database Daran Norris at Anime News Networks encyclopedia
9.
Carlos Alazraqui
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Carlos Jaime Alazraqui is an American stand-up comedian, actor, voice actor, singer, impressionist, producer and screenwriter possibly best known as Deputy James Garcia on Reno 911. He is a contributor on The Stephanie Miller Show. Alazraqui was born on July 20,1962, in Yonkers, New York and he moved with his family to Concord, California at an early age. He attended college at California State University, Sacramento, California from 1982-1986, after winning in his 4th year of competing at the San Francisco International Comedy Competition, Alazraqui took his prize money and moved to Los Angeles. Alazraqui has since performed several voices for Nickelodeon cartoons, including Rocko on Rockos Modern Life, crocker and Juandissimo Magnifico on The Fairly OddParents, Winslow T. Oddfellow and Lube on CatDog, and Scooter on SpongeBob SquarePants. Alazraqui also voiced several additional voices for the Cartoon Network shows, Cow and Chicken and he also was the original voice of Spyro in the first game in the Spyro the Dragon series. He was later replaced by Tom Kenny, who voiced Spyro in Spyro 2, Spyro, Year of the Dragon, and Spyro, Enter the Dragonfly. He also voiced the Taco Bell chihuahua, Rikochet in the first two seasons of ¡Mucha Lucha. and Mr. Weed on Family Guy and it is mentioned in the DVD commentary track that Alazraqui was reluctant to leave the Family Guy series. In particular, Seth MacFarlane suggests that the death of Alazraquis character, Mr. Weed, in 2006 added Salty Mike from Squirrel Boy and Walden in Wow. Wubbzy. on Nick Jr. to his credits and he played Wisk in Glen Hills 2000 film version of L. Frank Baums The Life and Adventures of Santa Claus. He also provided the voice of Nestor in Happy Feet, jeff Swampy Marsh, a storyboard writer for Rockos Modern Life, described Alazraquis normal voice as bearing no accent at all. Marsh describes Alazraquis Scottish accent as one of the best and that he performs his other accents as all very well, according to Marsh, Alazraqui uses various accents in his comedy routines. He has worked for the Disney Channel on the Disney Junior show Handy Manny, Alazraqui provides the voice for Felipe, the bilingual Phillips-head screwdriver, and for Abuelito, Mannys grandfather. He was the original voice guy on the Stephanie Miller Show and his replacement was voice actor Jim Ward, who had previously substituted for him. In January 2008, Alazraqui returned to fill in for Jim Ward briefly while he recovered from surgery, then in 2014, he voiced Mesmo and Torts in Mixels. He currently voices Tio Tortuga in the new Disney Junior show, in addition, Alazraqui joined Millers Sexy Liberal Comedy Tour in 2014, playing some dates with Jim Ward, and he has a semi-regular segment on Millers radio show, Coffee with Carlos. Alazraqui is known for his work in the mockumentary series Reno 911. in which he played Deputy James Garcia for five seasons. He played the role in the series spinoff film, Reno 911
10.
Grey DeLisle
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Erin Grey Van Oosbree, known professionally as Grey DeLisle and Grey Griffin, is an American voice actress and singer-songwriter. She has done voice acting for animated films, television shows. She has been the voice of Daphne Blake in the Scooby-Doo cartoons, in video games, she voices Amanda Valenciano Libre from Metal Gear Solid, Peace Walker. DeLisle was born in Fort Ord, California, to truck driver George Van Oosbree and her parents separated when she was young. DeLisles mother became a born-again Pentecostal when she was eleven and she was raised by her maternal grandmother, Eva Flores. She credits her fathers love of music as the biggest influence on her musical taste. She attended Chula Vista High School in the graduating class as Mario Lopez. In her late teens, she started singing old gospel tunes, in her comedy routine, DeLisle imitated voices. Her impressions earned the attention of a director and was advised to take up voice acting. At this time, she went back to her musical ambitions and she soon began working with talent agent Sandy Schnarr. She later said of Bergman, It was a turn of events to get to play Daphne, but Im so glad that I have the role. She set the bar very high, DeLisle also credited the work for helping her maintain her music career, stating I think Daphne just saved country music. Her first marriage was to Christopher DeLisle in 1992, the two later divorced in 1993. In 2002, she married Murry Hammond of the country band Old 97s, their courtship and she gave birth to their son Jefferson Texas Hammond in 2007. She later met Jared Griffin through Twitter, and they married on June 27,2012 and their son, Harlan Roy Griffin, was born in 2014. Griffin gave birth to her child in 2016, a daughter named Mariposa Posie Ruth Griffin. Albums The Small Time Homewrecker Bootlegger, Vol, the Complete Directory to Prime Time Network and Cable TV Shows 1946–Present. Encyclopedia of Television Shows,1925 through 2010, america Toons In, A History of Television Animation
11.
Kari Wahlgren
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Kari Wahlgren is an American voice actress who has provided English language voices for over a hundred cartoons, anime and video games. In American animation, she has provided voices for a number of series including Super Robot Monkey Team Hyperforce Go. Fish Hooks, Phineas & Ferb, Ben 10, Kung Fu Panda, Legends of Awesomeness, Winx Club, Kaijudo, Rise of the Duel Masters, Rick and Morty, and Fairly OddParents. In video games, she voiced lead characters Ashe in Final Fantasy XII and Shelke in Dirge of Cerberus, Wahlgren was born and raised in Hoisington, Kansas. She was inspired as a child by the Disney Princesses and other voices in animation and her parents were teachers, which encouraged her to support charities and organizations that promote reading and education later in her career. Wahlgren graduated from the University of Kansas with a Bachelor of Arts in Theater in 1999 and she lived in Kansas City, Missouri where she did some radio spots, then moved to Los Angeles in 2000 to work on her acting career. Wahlgrens debut anime role was Haruko Haruhara in a six-episode OVA series called FLCL, in an interview with Anime Tourist, she said that Haruko was the only character she got to audition for. In a later review of the series, Bryce Coulter of Mania. com was impressed by her work, she definitely gives Haruko that twenty-something, sarcastic. Zac Bertschy of Anime News Network said she was pleasant, subtle and perfect for the role and she voiced lead character Lavie Head in the steampunk fantasy series Last Exile. Allen Divers of Anime News Network grouped her with the known names of the California voice-acting scene. She voiced title character Sakura Kinomoto in Bang Zoom, something that was missing in previous English adaptations. In live-action works, she starred as Tinkerbell in an indie Peter Pan film rendition called Neverland and her character was described as a sullen sidekick and drugged-out. In 2004, she voiced a role in the animated feature film Steamboy, among actors Anna Paquin, Patrick Stewart. She played Scarlett, a granddaughter of the corporations chairman, described as spoiled and cruel. Peter Sanderson of IGN called Scarlett one of the most obnoxious characters he has ever encountered and she voiced Chika Minazuki in Ai Yori Aoshi, a little cousin character. Way Jeng of Mania. com described her performance as energetic, yet innocent and simple, in 2005, she voiced the female lead character Fuu Kasumi in Samurai Champloo. Wahlgren has been involved in a number of video games and her first voice-over role in video games was in Buffy the Vampire Slayer, Chaos Bleeds where she played Willow Rosenberg. In the James Bond video game From Russia with Love, released in 2005, in 2006, she landed leading roles of Ashe in Final Fantasy XII and Shelkie in Dirge of Cerberus – Final Fantasy VII
12.
Fred Seibert
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Frederick Fred Seibert is a serial entrepreneur and American television and film producer. He owns Frederator Networks, Inc. and Frederator Studios, Seibert has held leading positions with MTV Networks, Hanna-Barbera, and Next New Networks, and is an angel investor in several technology and media start-ups. He has produced live action and animated programs for television, and the internet. Seibert began his career in college radio at Columbia Universitys WKCR-FM in 1969. While at Columbia he started his first company, Oblivion Records with partner Tom Pomposello, releasing LPs by Mississippi Fred McDowell, simultaneously, he produced several dozen jazz and blues albums for independent companies such as Muse Records, JCOA Records, and Birth Records. He also commissioned and approved the mutating MTV logo, despite network executives objections to a logo that did not remain constant and he led the team that developed I Want My MTV. one of the most famous advertising campaigns of the late 20th century. In 1985, with partner Alan Goodman at Fred/Alan Inc, Seibert successfully overhauled the then-floundering childrens cable channel Nickelodeon, moving it from worst to first in the ratings in six months. Seibert continued involvement with the cable TV industry for several years, after Ted Turner included Hanna-Barberas in Turner Broadcastings 1996 sale to Time Warner Seibert established Frederator Studios as an independent animation producer based in Burbank, California. Frederator has established itself as a major American independent with several series on Nickelodeon, Cartoon Network, Frederator has also produced the Internet programs Channel Frederator, Cartoon Hangover, and Next New Networks. After starting Frederator Studios in 1997, Seibert brought together a group of investors in a attempt to save the troubled underground/alternative comics publisher Kitchen Sink Press. In March 1999, MTV Networks CEO Tom Freston tapped Seibert to become the first president of the new MTV Networks Online, soon to split into MTV Interactive, by the end of 2010, Next New Networks had the globes top two videos viewed on YouTube. In March 2011, Next New Networks was acquired by YouTube, in 2004 David Karp interned at Frederator Studios at its first New York City location, and built the companys first blogging platform. In 2007 he launched Tumblr from a desk at Frederator Studios Park Avenue South offices. Seibert was one of Tumblrs first bloggers, an investor in the company. On February 21,2012, Fred Seibert launched Cartoon Hangover, Cartoon Hangover gained a much larger audience with the revival of Bravest Warriors by Pendleton Ward on November 8,2012 which originally aired as a pilot on Fred Seiberts Random. Cartoons on Nicktoons Network in 2009, in 2014, Channel Frederator was revived as a multi-channel network focused entirely on animation, signing one of YouTubes biggest animation channels, Simons Cat. By September 2014, the network was distributing 688 channels, with over 65 million monthly views and 10.5 million subscribers, in June 2007, Fred Seibert founded Frederator Films to produce animated feature films
13.
Frederator Studios
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Frederator Studios is an American animation studio founded by Fred Seibert in 1997, with its first series launching in 1998. The studio focuses primarily on artists who write their own shorts, series and their slogan is Original Cartoons since 1998. The studio has locations in New York City and Burbank, California, on October 26,2016, Frederator Networks, Inc. created a merger with Canadian animation studio Rainmaker Entertainment and Ezrin Hirsh, Inc. to form WOW. Seibert became the president of Hanna-Barbera Cartoons in 1992, and created What a Cartoon, in 1996, when Time Warner merged with Turner Broadcasting, he left the studio. Frederator Incorporated was formed in January 1997, and was housed at a location of the Nickelodeon Animation Studio, in North Hollywood. Frederators debut production was the cartoon short incubator, a series called Oh Yeah. Cartoons was based on Seiberts What a Cartoon, Frederator has produced a total of 16 television series, and over 200 miniseries, including webisodes. The company is now in a partnership with Sony Pictures entertainment. In 2002, Frederator created a joint venture for preschool cartoons with producer Susan Millers Mixed Media Group, Inc. and produced their first preschool series, Frederator Studios created a television series and competition The Nicktoons Film Festival for the Nicktoons network, which debuted October 24,2004. In 2004, David Karp interned at Frederator Studios at its first Manhattan location, in 2007, he launched Tumblr from a rented desk at Frederator Studios Park Avenue South offices, with chief engineer Marco Arment. Seibert was one of Tumblrs first bloggers, on November 1,2005, Frederator launched what it called the first cartoon podcast. Named Channel Frederator by David Karp, this weekly animation network features submitted films from around the world, in quick succession, The Wubbcast was launched for pre-schoolers in January 2006, and ReFrederator featuring vintage public domain cartoons in April 2006. Channel Frederator became the model for Seiberts media company Next New Networks, on June 25,2007 Variety article announced the studio had formed Frederator Films, dedicated to creating animated feature films budgeted under $20 million. Frederators first feature is set up at Paramount Pictures, co-produced with J. J. Abrams Bad Robot Productions and they have also set up their first two animated features in a first look production arrangement for Sony Pictures Animation. The studio produced its first original internet cartoons with independent animator Dan Meth, the Meth Minute 39 launched on September 5,2007, featuring 39 of Meths original character shorts. A spin-off, Nite Fite, debuted in October 2008 and these series have totaled over 35,000,000 video views to date. Frederator announced its new YouTube funded channel and adult production label, at launch, Frederator produced three animated series for the channel, Bravest Warriors, created by Pendleton Ward, SuperF*ckers, created by James Kochalka, and Too Cool. Cartoons, an incubator featuring content from different animators, Bravest Warriors premiered on November 8,2012 and SuperF*ckers premiered on November 30,2012
14.
Nickelodeon Animation Studio
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Nickelodeon Animation Studio, also known in Burbank as Nickelodeon Studios Burbank, is an American animation studio. It also produces programs for Nicktoons as well, the Nickelodeon animation division foundations begin with the creation of three original animated programs in 1991, Doug, Rugrats and The Ren & Stimpy Show. Games produced much of the output of the network, in partnership with notable companies such as Frederator Studios. In 1998, the studio moved from Studio City, California to Burbank in celebration of a new facility, aside from Nickelodeon, the studio has also produced cartoon series for Nick Jr. Nicktoons Network and other Viacom-owned networks such as Spike. The Nickelodeon Animation Studios earliest beginnings lie in the roots of the channels Nicktoons endeavor, the high cost of high-quality animation discouraged the network from developing weekly animated programming. Inspired by the days of animation and the work of Bob Clampett, Tex Avery and Chuck Jones. Nickelodeon president Geraldine Laybourne commissioned eight six-minute pilots at a cost of $100,000 each before selecting three. Seeking the most innovative talents in the field, the products of this artists union – Doug, Rugrats, however, despite the best efforts, relations became strained with Ren & Stimpy creator John Kricfalusi. In fall 1992, Nickelodeon and Vanessa Coffey fired Kricfalusi, Nickelodeon asserted that the termination was due to production delays, whereas Kricfalusi suspected the real reason was that the network was uncomfortable with more crude humor. Nickelodeon objected to most of his proposed plotlines and new characters—including George Liquor, the creative tug of war was closely watched by both animators and the television industry and covered in the national press. In response, Nickelodeon formed its own studio, Games Animation. The series was moved to Games and put under the supervision of Bob Camp. Nicks plan was to hire bright, young animators and let them do almost anything they want, Coffey soon stepped down as animation vice president for Nickelodeon, to pursue her own projects. She was replaced by Mary Harrington, a Nickelodeon producer who moved out from New York to help run the Nicktoons division that was a near-shambles after Kricfalusi was fired. In 1992, animator Joe Murray was approached by Nickelodeon with intentions of developing a new animated series for Games Animation, murrays Joe Murray Productions and Games Animation rented office space on Ventura Boulevard in the Studio City neighborhood of the San Fernando Valley region of Los Angeles, California. The production moved to a different office building on Vineland Avenue in Studio City, executives did not share space with the creative team. Games Animations first in-house production, Rockos Modern Life, premiered on the network in 1993, the initial duty was to continue producing The Ren & Stimpy Show as Nickelodeon dropped Spümcø and its creator John Kricfalusi from their duties on the show. At the time, Games was located in a building in Studio City
15.
Nelvana
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Nelvana Ltd. is a Canadian entertainment company founded in 1971 and known for its work in childrens animation. It was named by founders Michael Hirsh, Patrick Loubert and Clive A. Smith after a Canadian comic book created by Adrian Dingle in the 1940s. The companys production logo is a bear looking at the North Star. Corus Entertainment, a spin-off from Shaw Communications, has owned the company since September 2000, most of its films, shows and specials are based on licensed properties, mainly childrens literature, but original programming is also part of its roster. It ventured into the world of action from its establishment. Nelvana also distributes internationally six Nickelodeon shows, Oh Yeah, cartoons, Taina, The Fairly OddParents, ChalkZone, My Life as a Teenage Robot, and Danny Phantom. As of 2001, its library comprises more than 1,650 cumulative half-hours of original programming, the company has international offices in France, Ireland and Japan. Nelvana’s content has aired in over 150 countries and has received over 70 major international awards including Emmys. Nelvana started in 1971 when two graduates of York University, Michael Hirsh and Patrick Loubert, teamed up with a Vitaphone animator-designer Clive A. Smith in Toronto, Ontario. Hirsh and Loubert, who had a passion for filmmaking, had founded a small company called Laff Arts in the late 1960s. Smith, whose interest was in rock n roll music, had previously been among the crew for the Beatles animated series and their 1968 film, Yellow Submarine. Hirsh has commented on the background of Nelvanas founding, Clive is an animator, at the time, there was no production industry per se in Canada, either in animation or in television production. There were stations making local shows, but you didnt have people making programs for sale around the world, so, blissfully unaware of all it would involve, we decided to start a company in Toronto. Soon after they saw a collection of comic books from the 1940s. In turn, they made a television documentary for the CBC focusing on Canadian comics. Their two-year travelling tour of the art from the National Gallery of Canada, Comic Art Traditions in Canada, 1941-45, meanwhile, Hirsh and Loubert collaborated on a related primer from Peter Martin and Associates, The Great Canadian Comic Books. A derelict apartment in downtown Toronto served as the companys first building, to create zooms, Hirsh recalled of his early experience with this machine, we would pile up phone books under the art work. Under those conditions, Nelvana was involved in the production of documentaries, in the area of part-time animation work, they made ten C$1,500 fillers for the CBC
16.
Nickelodeon
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Nickelodeon is an American basic cable and satellite television network launched on December 1,1977, and is owned by Viacom through Viacom Media Networks and based in New York City. It is primarily aimed at children and adolescents aged 7–18 while its weekday morning edutainment programs are targeted at children ages 2–6. As of July 2015, Nickelodeon is available to approximately 93.7 million pay television households in the US, the name of the channel comes from the first five cent movie theaters called nickelodeons. Nickelodeons history dates back to December 1,1977, when Warner Cable Communications launched the first two-way interactive cable system, QUBE, in Columbus, Ohio. Its C-3 cable channel carried Pinwheel daily from 7,00 a. m. to 9,00 p. m. Eastern Time, Nickelodeon launched on April 1,1979, initially distributed to Warner Cable systems via satellite on the RCA Satcom-1 transponder. Originally commercial-free, advertising was introduced in January 1984, the channel also airs reruns of select original series that are no longer in production, as well as occasional original made-for-TV movies. The channel also aired special editions of Nick News with Linda Ellerbee. The channel occasionally airs feature films produced by the networks Nickelodeon Movies film production division, although the film division bears the Nickelodeon brand name, the cable channel does not have access to most of the movies produced by its film unit. Nick Jr. – Nickelodeon currently programs shows targeted at preschool-age children on Monday through Fridays from 8,30 am-3,00 pm Eastern, the block primarily targets audiences of preschool age as Nickelodeons usual audience of school-age children are in school during the blocks designated time period. Programs currently seen in this block include Blaze and the Monster Machines, Team Umizoomi, Bubble Guppies, PAW Patrol, Max & Ruby, Saturday morning block - a morning block of primarily animated series from 9 am-12,30 pm Eastern and Pacific Time. It launched on September 22,2012, as Gotta See Saturday Mornings, recent episodes of certain original series may air when no new episodes are scheduled to air that week. The schedule features series such as SpongeBob SquarePants, Bunsen Is a Beast, ALVINNN. nicks New Saturday Night – a primetime live-action block airing from 8-10pm Eastern and Pacific Time. It launched on September 22,2012, as Gotta See Saturday Nights, recent episodes of certain original series may air when no new episodes are scheduled to air that week. The schedule features The Thundermans and Henry Danger, premieres of the networks original made-for-cable movies also occasionally air during the primetime block, usually in the form of premiere showings. SNICK – SNICK was the networks first dedicated Saturday primetime block that aired from 8,00 to 10,00 p. m. Eastern, geared toward pre-teens and teenagers, it debuted on August 15,1992. The block featured mainly live-action series, although it featured animated series. SNICK was discontinued on August 28,2004, and was replaced the following week by a Saturday night edition of the TEENick block and it was hosted by Stick Stickly, a Mr. Bill-like popsicle stick character. The block was replaced for the summer of 1999 by Henry, the Stick Stickly character was later revived for The 90s Are All That on TeenNick, which debuted in 2011
17.
Nicktoons (TV channel)
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Nicktoons is an American digital cable and satellite television channel that is owned by Nickelodeon Group, a unit of the Viacom Media Networks division of Viacom. As of July 2015, approximately 66.5 million American households received Nicktoons, however, by early 2004, Nickelodeon management changed course and offered it to digital satellite services DirecTV and Dish Network. By June 6,2005, as the networks distribution increased, in conjunction with this, the Network identifier was dropped, leaving the network to be rebranded as Nicktoons for the second time. An HD feed was launched on August 13,2013, and is available on several providers, like Viacoms other HD channels, any programming produced in 4,3 SD is pillarboxed on this feed. As the network has blended in more Nickelodeon programming into its schedule, on September 3,2014, the NickSports two hour Wednesday prime time programming block was launched on the channel. The block consisted of a blend of sports themed programs and was inspired by the success of Nicks first, despite the channels name, Nicktoons is not exclusively limited to airing Nicktoons, Nickelodeons branding for its original animated television series. The channel has engaged in channel drift throughout its existence, increasingly adding action-oriented programming that was never seen on Nickelodeon, and even live-action programs in recent years. Nicktoons was launched in the United Kingdom on July 22,2002, although, unlike the United States version, also unlike the U. S. version, it does not broadcast 24 hours a day. There are also other Nicktoons channels in Flanders, Germany, the Netherlands, a Latin America version of Nicktoons was launched on February 4,2013. An African version of Nicktoons was launched on September 30,2014 along with Nick Jr, from 2006 until 2009, Nicktoons Network used a robot mascot in bumpers and advertisements for the channel. The mascot, named ACOW, which stands for Animation Capital of the World was a robot character with a large singular eye. ACOW was prominently featured on the NicktoonsNetwork. com website and was used as part of the Nicktoons Network, several similar-looking eyeball-based characters were seen in promos for the network. 2016 Deciders Oral History of Nicktoons interviews with cast and crew
18.
1080i
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1080i is an abbreviation referring to a combination of frame resolution and scan type, used in high-definition television and high-definition video. The number 1080 refers to the number of lines on the screen. The term assumes a widescreen ratio of 16,9, so the 1080 lines of vertical resolution implies 1920 columns of horizontal resolution. A1920 pixels ×1080 lines screen has a total of 2.1 megapixels and this format is used in the SMPTE 292M standard. The choice of 1080 lines originates with Charles Poynton, who in the early 1990s pushed for square pixels to be used in HD video formats, within the designation 1080i, the i stands for interlaced scan. A frame of 1080i video consists of two fields of 1920 horizontal and 540 vertical pixels. The first field consists of all odd-numbered TV lines and the second all even numbered lines, 1080i differs from 1080p, where the p stands for progressive scan, where all lines in a frame are captured at the same time. In native or pure 1080i, the two fields of a frame correspond to different instants, so motion portrayal is good and this is true for interlaced video in general and can be easily observed in still images taken of fast motion scenes. However, when 1080p material is captured at 25 or 30 frames/second, it is converted to 1080i at 50 or 60 fields/second, respectively, in this situation both fields in a frame do correspond to the same instant. The field-to-instant relation is more complex for the case of 1080p at 24 frames/second converted to 1080i at 60 fields/second. Both field rates can be carried by digital television broadcast formats such as ATSC, DVB. The frame rate can be implied by the context, while the rate is generally specified after the letter i. In this case 1080i60 refers to 60 fields per second, the European Broadcasting Union prefers to use the resolution and frame rate separated by a slash, as in 1080i/30 and 1080i/25, likewise 480i/30 and 576i/25. Resolutions of 1080i60 or 1080i50 often refers to 1080i/30 or 1080i/25 in EBU notation, 1080i is directly compatible with some CRT HDTVs on which it can be displayed natively in interlaced form, but for display on progressive-scan—e. g. Most new LCD and plasma TVs, it must be deinterlaced, depending on the televisions video processing capabilities, the resulting video quality may vary, but may not necessarily suffer. For example, film material at 25fps may be deinterlaced from 1080i50 to restore a full 1080p resolution at the frame rate without any loss. Preferably video material with 50 or 60 motion phases/second is to be converted to 50p or 60p before display, worldwide, most HD channels on satellite and cable broadcast in 1080i. This also allows local newscasts on these ABC affiliates to be produced in the resolution to match the picture quality of their 1080i competitors
19.
Dolby Digital
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Dolby Digital is the name for audio compression technologies developed by Dolby Laboratories. It was originally named Dolby Stereo Digital until 1994, except for Dolby TrueHD, the audio compression is lossy. The first use of Dolby Digital was to digital sound in cinemas from 35mm film prints. It is now used for other applications such as TV broadcast, DVDs, Blu-ray Discs. Batman Returns was the first film to use Dolby Digital technology when it premiered in theaters in the summer of 1992. Dolby Digital cinema soundtracks are optically recorded on a 35 mm release print using sequential data blocks placed between every perforation hole on the track side of the film. A constant bit rate of 320 kbit/s is used, a charge-coupled device scanner in the image projector picks up a scanned video image of this area, and a processor correlates the image area and extracts the digital data as an AC-3 bitstream. The data is decoded into a 5.1 channel audio source. All film prints with Dolby Digital data also have Dolby Stereo analogue soundtracks using Dolby SR noise reduction, almost all current release cinema prints are of this type and may also include SDDS data and a timecode track to synchronize CD-ROMs carrying DTS soundtracks. The simplest way of converting existing projectors is to add a so-called penthouse digital soundhead above the projector head, however, for new projectors it made sense to use dual analogue/digital soundheads in the normal optical soundhead position under the projector head. To allow for the arrangement the data is recorded 26 frames ahead of the picture. If a penthouse soundhead is used, the data must be delayed in the processor for the amount of time. This delay can be adjusted in steps of the time between perforations, as of 2015, Dolby Digital in the cinema is being gradually replaced with Dolby Surround 7.1, a process that may take up to 2018 to complete.1 Creator. Dolby Digital is the version containing up to six discrete channels of sound. The most elaborate mode in use involves five channels for normal-range speakers. Mono and stereo modes are also supported, AC-3 supports audio sample-rates up to 48 kHz. This format has different names, Dolby Digital DD AC-3 ATSC A/52 Before 1996, was marketed as Dolby Surround AC-3, Dolby Stereo Digital, in 1991, a limited experimental release of Star Trek 6 in Dolby Digital played in 3 US theatres. In 1992, Batman Returns is the first movie to be released in Dolby Digital, Dolby Digital EX is similar in practice to Dolbys earlier Pro-Logic format, which utilized matrix technology to add a center surround channel and single rear surround channel to stereo soundtracks
20.
The Fairly OddParents shorts
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The Fairly OddParentss actual origins premiered as Oh Yeah. The Fairly OddParents first premiered on September 4,1998 with the episode, plus the first appearance of Timmy Turner, Cosmo, Wanda, and Vicky. The shorts season ended on March 23,2001 with the short, Super Humor, before The Fairly OddParents series officially began, The Fairly OddParents aired 10 total shorts through 1998–2001. Each short has been released to DVD, cartoons shorts except for Wheres the Wand. and Mary Kay Bergmans Timmy voice was redubbed by Tara Strong. However, they have stopped airing due to the television premiere of The Big Superhero Wish. The Fairly OddParents. and Wheres the Wand. on the Schools Out, the Fairy Flu, and The Temp on the The Jimmy Timmy Power Hour 2, When Nerds Collide DVD. Scouts Honor, The Really Bad Day. and Super Humor on the Fairy Idol DVD, party of Three and The Zappys on The Jimmy Timmy Power Hour 3, The Jerkinators DVD
21.
SpongeBob SquarePants
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SpongeBob SquarePants is an American animated television series created by marine biologist and animator Stephen Hillenburg for Nickelodeon. The series chronicles the adventures and endeavors of the title character, the series popularity has made it a media franchise, as well as the highest rated series to ever air on Nickelodeon, and the most distributed property of MTV Networks. As of 2015, the franchise has generated $12 billion in merchandising revenue for Nickelodeon. Many of the ideas for the series originated in an educational comic book titled The Intertidal Zone. SpongeBob was originally going to be named SpongeBoy, and the series was to be called SpongeBoy Ahoy. Nickelodeon held a preview for the series in the United States on May 1,1999, following the television airing of the 1999 Kids Choice Awards. The series officially premiered on July 17,1999 and it has received worldwide critical acclaim since its premiere and gained enormous popularity by its second season. A feature film, The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie, was released in theaters on November 19,2004, on July 21,2012, the series was renewed and aired its ninth season, beginning with the episode Extreme Spots. The series has won a variety of awards, including six Annie Awards, eight Golden Reel Awards, in 2011, a newly described species of fungi, Spongiforma squarepantsii, was named after the cartoons title character. The series revolves around its title character and his various friends, SpongeBob SquarePants is an energetic and optimistic sea sponge who lives in a sea pineapple and loves his job as a fry cook at the Krusty Krab. He has a pet snail, Gary, who meows like a cat, living two houses down from SpongeBob is his best friend Patrick Star, a dim-witted yet friendly pink starfish who lives under a rock. Despite his mental setbacks, Patrick still sees himself as intelligent, Squidward Tentacles is SpongeBobs next-door neighbor and co-worker at the Krusty Krab. Squidward is an arrogant and ill-tempered octopus who lives in an Easter Island moai and he enjoys playing the clarinet and painting self-portraits, but hates his job as a cashier. Another close friend of SpongeBob is Sandy Cheeks, a squirrel from Texas and she is a scientist and an expert in karate. She lives in an oak tree entrapped in a glass dome locked by an airtight. When outside of her dwelling, she wears an astronaut-like suit because she cannot breathe underwater, Mr. Krabs, a miserly crab obsessed with money, is the owner of the Krusty Krab restaurant and SpongeBobs boss. Krabs has a teenage daughter named Pearl, whom he values equally with his riches. His rival, Plankton, is a small green copepod who owns a low-rank fast-food restaurant called the Chum Bucket, located across the street from the Krusty Krab. Plankton spends most of his time planning to steal the recipe for Mr. Krabss popular Krabby Patty burgers, so as to gain the upper hand
22.
Austrian German
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Austrian German, Austrian Standard German, Standard Austrian German or Austrian High German, is the variety of Standard German written and spoken in Austria and North Italy. It has the highest sociolinguistic prestige locally, as it is the used in the media. In less formal situations, Austrians tend to use forms closer to or identical with the Bavarian and Alemannic dialects, traditionally spoken –, at the time, the written standard was Oberdeutsche Schreibsprache, which was highly influenced by the Bavarian and Alemannic dialects of Austria. Another option was to create a new standard based on the Southern German dialects, thus Standard Austrian German has the same geographic origin as the Standard German of Germany and Swiss High German. The process of introducing the new standard was led by Joseph von Sonnenfels. As German is a language, Austrian German is merely one among several varieties of Standard German. Much like the relationship between British English and American English, the German varieties differ in minor respects but are recognizably equivalent, the official Austrian dictionary, das Österreichische Wörterbuch, prescribes grammatical and spelling rules defining the official language. The 1996 spelling reform is somewhat practiced in Austria, the sharp s is used in Austria, as in Germany. It differed from other dialects in vocabulary and pronunciation, it appears to have spoken with a slight degree of nasality. This was not a standard in a technical sense, as it was just the social standard of upper-class speech. For many years, Austria had a form of the language for official government documents. This form is known as Österreichische Kanzleisprache, or Austrian chancellery language and it is a very traditional form of the language, probably derived from medieval deeds and documents, and has a very complicated structure and vocabulary generally reserved for such documents. For most speakers, this form of the language is difficult to understand, as it contains many highly specialised terms for diplomatic, internal, official. There are no variations, because this special written form has mainly been used by a government that has now for centuries been based in Vienna. Österreichische Kanzleisprache is now used less and less, thanks to various reforms that reduced the number of traditional civil servants. As a result, Standard German is replacing it in government, when Austria became a member of the European Union, the Austrian variety of the German language — limited to 23 agricultural terms — was protected in Protocol no. 10, regarding the use of Austrian-specific terms in the framework of the European Union, Austrian German is the only variety of a pluricentric language recognized under international law or EU primary law. All facts concerning “Protocol no. 10” are documented in Markhardts Das österreichische Deutsch im Rahmen der EU, Peter Lang,2005
23.
Arnold Schwarzenegger
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Arnold Alois Schwarzenegger is an Austrian-American actor, producer, businessman, investor, author, philanthropist, activist, politician and former professional bodybuilder. He served two terms as the 38th Governor of California from 2003 until 2011, Schwarzenegger began weight training at the age of 15. He won the Mr. Universe title at age 20 and went on to win the Mr. Olympia contest seven times, Schwarzenegger has remained a prominent presence in bodybuilding and has written many books and articles on the sport. He is widely considered to be among the greatest bodybuilders of all time as well as bodybuildings biggest icon, Schwarzenegger gained worldwide fame as a Hollywood action film icon. His breakthrough film was the sword-and-sorcery epic Conan the Barbarian in 1982, in 1984, Schwarzenegger appeared in James Camerons science-fiction thriller film The Terminator, which was a massive critical and box-office success. Schwarzenegger subsequently reprised the Terminator character in the later installments in 1991,2003. He appeared in a number of films, such as Commando, The Running Man, Predator, Twins, Total Recall, Kindergarten Cop. In 2015, it was announced Schwarzenegger would replace Donald Trump as the host of The Celebrity Apprentice and he was nicknamed the Austrian Oak in his bodybuilding days, Arnie during his acting career, and The Governator during his political career. As a Republican, he was first elected on October 7,2003, Schwarzenegger was sworn in on November 17, to serve the remainder of Daviss term. Schwarzenegger was sworn in for his term on January 5,2007. In 2011, Schwarzenegger completed his term as governor. Schwarzenegger was born in Thal, Styria, and christened Arnold Alois and his parents were Gustav Schwarzenegger and Aurelia Schwarzenegger. He married Aurelia on October 20,1945, he was 38, according to Schwarzenegger, both of his parents were very strict, Back then in Austria it was a very different world. If we did something bad or we disobeyed our parents, the rod was not spared, Schwarzenegger grew up in a Roman Catholic family who attended Mass every Sunday. Gustav had a preference for his son, Meinhard, over Arnold. His favoritism was strong and blatant, which stemmed from unfounded suspicion that Arnold was not his biological child, Schwarzenegger has said his father had no patience for listening or understanding your problems. He had a relationship with his mother and kept in touch with her until her death. Gustavs background received wide press attention during the 2003 California recall campaign, at school, Schwarzenegger was reportedly academically average, but stood out for his cheerful, good-humored, and exuberant character
24.
Southern American English
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Southern American English or Southern U. S. English is a collection of related American English dialects spoken throughout the Southern United States, though increasingly in more rural areas, commonly in the United States, the dialects are together simply referred to as Southern. Other, much more recent ethno-linguistic terms within American linguistics include Southern White Vernacular English, with this younger and more unified pronunciation system, Southern American English now comprises the largest American regional accent group by number of speakers. As of 2006, its Southern accent is strongly reported throughout the U. S. Louis in eastern Missouri, African American Vernacular English has many common points with Southern English dialects due to the strong historical ties of African Americans to the region. Southern American English dialects can also be found in southern parts of Missouri, Maryland, Delaware. Upheavals such as the Great Depression, the Dust Bowl and World War II caused mass migrations of those, the South proper as a present-day dialect region generally includes all of these pronunciation features below, which are popularly recognized in the United States as a Southern accent. However, there is still actually wide variation in Southern speech regarding potential differences based on factors like a speakers exact sub-region, age, ethnicity, Stage 1 is now complete for a majority of Southern dialects. Some traditional East Coast Southern accents do not exhibit this Stage 1 glide deletion, particularly in Charleston, SC and possibly Atlanta and Savannah, an example is that, to other English speakers, the Southern pronunciation of yap sounds something like yeah-up. At the same time, the pushing of /æ/ into the vicinity of /ɛ/, forces /ɛ/ itself into a higher and fronter position, /ɛ/ also often acquires an in-glide, thus. An example is that, to other English speakers, the Southern pronunciation of yep sounds something like yay-up, Stage 2 is most common in heavily stressed syllables. Southern accents originating from cities that formerly had the greatest influence, Stage 3, By the same pushing and pulling domino effects described above, /ɪ/ and /i/ follow suit by both possibly becoming diphthongs whose nuclei switch positions. /ɪ/ may be pushed into a diphthong with a raised beginning, an example is that, to other English speakers, the Southern pronunciation of fin sounds something like fee-in, while meal sounds something like mih-eel. Like the other stages of the Southern shift, Stage 3 is most common in stressed syllables. This short front vowel gliding phenomenon is recognized as the Southern drawl. This phenomenon is on the decline, being most typical of Southern speakers born before 1960, unstressed, word-final /ŋ/ →, The phoneme /ŋ/ in an unstressed syllable at the end of a word fronts to, so that singing /ˈsɪŋɪŋ/ is sometimes written phonetically as singin. This is common in vernacular English dialects around the world, lacking or transitioning cot–caught merger, The historical distinction between the two vowels sounds /ɔː/ and /ɒ/, in words like caught and cot or stalk and stock is mainly preserved. In much of the South during the 1900s, there was a trend to lower the vowel found in words like stalk and caught, often with an upglide, so that the most common result today is the gliding vowel. However, the merger is becoming increasingly common throughout the United States, thus affecting Southern dialects
25.
Jay Leno
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James Douglas Muir Jay Leno is an American comedian, actor, philanthropist and television host. After doing standup comedy for years, he became the host of NBCs The Tonight Show with Jay Leno from 1992 to 2009. Beginning in September 2009, Leno started a talk show, titled The Jay Leno Show. After The Jay Leno Show was canceled in January 2010 amid a host controversy and he hosted his last episode of The Tonight Show on February 6,2014. That year, he was inducted into the Television Hall of Fame, Leno was born in New Rochelle, New York. His homemaker mother, Catherine, was born in Greenock, Scotland and his father, Angelo, was an insurance salesman who was born in New York, to immigrants from Flumeri, Italy. Leno grew up in Andover, Massachusetts, and graduated from Andover High School, Leno obtained a bachelors degree in speech therapy from Emerson College, where he started a comedy club in 1973. His older brother, Patrick, was a Vietnam War veteran who worked as an attorney, Leno made his first appearance on The Tonight Show on March 2,1977, performing a comedy routine. During the 1970s, Leno appeared in roles in several television series and films, first in the 1976 episode J. J. in Trouble of Good Times. After an uncredited appearance in the 1977 film Fun with Dick and Jane, he played more prominent roles in 1978 in American Hot Wax, Lenos only starring film role was the 1989 direct-to-video Collision Course, opposite Pat Morita. He also appeared numerous times on Late Night with David Letterman, starting in 1987, Leno was a regular substitute host for Johnny Carson on The Tonight Show. The story of this turbulent transition was later turned into a book, Leno continued to perform as a stand-up comedian throughout his tenure on The Tonight Show. In 2004, Leno signed an extension with NBC which would keep him as host of The Tonight Show until 2009. Later in 2004, Conan OBrien signed a contract with NBC under which OBrien would become the host of The Tonight Show in 2009, during the 2007–08 Writers Guild of America strike, Leno was accused of violating WGA guidelines by writing his own monologue for The Tonight Show. While NBC and Leno claim there were meetings with the WGA where there was a secret agreement allowing this. In 1998, Leno competed in a match at the WCWs Road Wild pay-per-view. Since 2001, he has voiced The Crimson Chin, a superhero in the Nickelodeon animated series The Fairly OddParents. Leno said in 2008 that he was saving all of his income from The Tonight Show, on April 23,2009, Leno checked himself into a hospital with an undisclosed illness
26.
Norm Macdonald
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Norman Gene Norm Macdonald is a Canadian stand-up comedian, writer, producer and actor. He was best known for his five seasons as a cast member on Saturday Night Live, early in his career, he wrote for the sitcom Roseanne and made appearances on shows including The Drew Carey Show and NewsRadio. He starred in The Norm Show from 1999 to 2001, Comedy Central named him #83 on the five-part miniseries 100 Greatest Stand-ups of All Time. His brother is Canadian journalist Neil Macdonald, of CBC News, Macdonald was born in Quebec City, Quebec, Canada, He has a brother, Neil Macdonald, who is a journalist with the CBC. Their parents, Percy and Ferne, were teachers, Macdonalds first performances in comedy were at stand-up at clubs in Ottawa. He appeared at the 1987 Just For Laughs Comedy Festival in Montreal, following Kevin Nealons departure from SNL, Macdonald anchored the segment Weekend Update. Macdonalds version of Weekend Update often included repeated references to rape, crack whores. Macdonald would occasionally deliver a piece of news, then take out his personal compact tape recorder and he commonly used Frank Stallone as a non sequitur punchline. Macdonald repeatedly ridiculed public figures such as Marion Barry, Michael Jackson, in the broadcast following Simpsons acquittal, Macdonald opened Weekend Update by saying, Well, it is finally official, Murder is legal in the state of California. Now this might strike some viewers as harsh, but I believe everyone involved in this story deserved to die and he followed this up a few episodes later with a report about the singers collapse and hospitalization. The joke elicited audible gasps from some audience members and he responded to this by saying, What. The audience applauded, and Macdonald laughed the error away, in early 1998, Don Ohlmeyer had Macdonald removed as Weekend Update anchor, citing declining ratings and a drop-off in quality. Macdonald and others believed that the reason for his dismissal was the inclusion of a series of jokes calling O. J. Simpson a murderer during. After being removed from the role Macdonald went on CBSs Late Show with David Letterman, the jokes were written primarily by Macdonald and longtime SNL writer Jim Downey, who was fired from SNL outright at the same time. Downey point out in an interview that Ohlmeyer had thrown a party for the jurors that had acquitted Simpson, Macdonald was replaced by Colin Quinn at the Weekend Update desk beginning on the January 10,1998 episode. Ohlmeyer claimed that Macdonald was mistaken pointing out that had this been the case he wouldve censored Jay Lenos many jokes about Simpson on The Tonight Show. Media watchers pointed out that if Macdonald had been viewed as unfunny by Lorne Michaels his removal wouldve occurred at the end of the season, without any media attention. Ohlmeyers boss, Robert Wright, later overturned the not to show ads for the movie on NBC
27.
Chris Kirkpatrick
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Christopher Alan Chris Kirkpatrick is an American singer, dancer, and voice actor who is best known for his work as a founding member of the pop group NSYNC, in which he sang countertenor. He has provided voices for numerous shows, including the voice of Chip Skylark on The Fairly OddParents. He also guest starred on The Simpsons as himself, along with his fellow NSYNC bandmates, Kirkpatrick was born in Clarion, Pennsylvania on October 17,1971, of Irish, Scottish, Spanish, and Native American ancestry. He attended and graduated from Dalton High School in Dalton, Ohio, lou Pearlman approached Kirkpatrick with an idea to start another group, and thus formed the nucleus for NSYNC. In April 2008, it was announced Kirkpatrick would be a part of the season of CMTs show Gone Country. Kirkpatrick participated in Gone Country 2 with other cast members, Sebastian Bach, Irene Cara, Mikalah Gordon, Jermaine Jackson, Lorenzo Lamas, the show was hosted by John Rich of the country duo Big & Rich. During the show, for each contestant had to prepare and perform an original song. He dedicated his performance to his mother who he held the family together. Kirkpatrick surprised many fans when he stepped on stage and proved he had the writing skills. The prize of having a record produced by John Rich and the promise of play from Kix Brooks on his show went to Sebastian Bach. However, John Rich congratulated Kirkpatrick on his past success and his successes by telling him he had one of the best songs. The shows last episode of season two aired on September 26,2008, on November 2,2013, Chris Kirkpatrick married his long-time girlfriend, Karly Skladany, at the Loews resort hotel in Orlando, Florida. Kirkpatrick has appeared in the videos for Lifestyles of the Rich and Famous by Good Charlotte, 2nd Sucks by A Day to Remember. NSYNC No Strings Attached Celebrity Nigels 11, the official site Chris Kirkpatrick Foundation Working Class Industry Jim & Lynettes Fun Time Guide Chris Kirkpatrick at the Internet Movie Database
28.
Alec Baldwin
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Alexander Rae Alec Baldwin III is an American actor, writer, producer, and comedian. A member of the Baldwin family, he is the oldest of the four Baldwin brothers, Baldwin first gained recognition appearing on seasons 6 and 7 of the CBS television drama Knots Landing, in the role of Joshua Rush. His performance in the 2003 romantic drama The Cooler garnered him a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor, Baldwin co-starred in Mission, Impossible – Rogue Nation, the fifth installment of the Mission, Impossible series, released on July 31,2015. He is also a columnist for The Huffington Post, since 2016, he has been the host of Match Game. He has three brothers, Daniel, William, and Stephen, who also became actors. He also has two sisters, Beth and Jane, Alec and his siblings were raised as Roman Catholics. They are of English, Irish, Scottish, French-Canadian, Baldwin attended Alfred G. Berner High School in Massapequa and played football there under Coach Bob Reifsnyder. In New York City, Baldwin worked as a busboy at the disco Studio 54, from 1976 to 1979, he attended George Washington University, afterward transferring to New York Universitys Tisch School of the Arts. There he studied with, among others, Geoffrey Horne and Mira Rostova at the Lee Strasberg Theatre Institute, Later, Baldwin made his Broadway debut in 1986 in a revival of Joe Ortons Loot alongside Zoë Wanamaker, Željko Ivanek, Joseph Maher, and Charles Keating. This production closed after three months, Baldwin also received an Emmy nomination for the 1995 television version of the production, in which both he and Jessica Lange reprised their roles, alongside John Goodman and Diane Lane. In 1998, Baldwin played the role in Macbeth at The Public Theater alongside Angela Bassett. In 2004, Baldwin starred in a revival of Twentieth Century with Anne Heche, on June 9,2005, he appeared in a concert version of the Rodgers and Hammerstein musical South Pacific at Carnegie Hall. He starred as Luther Billis, alongside Reba McEntire as Nellie, the production was taped and telecast by PBS on April 26,2006. In 2006, Baldwin made theater news in Roundabout Theatre Companys Off-Broadway revival of Joe Ortons Entertaining Mr. Sloane. In 2010, Baldwin starred opposite Sam Underwood in an acclaimed revival of Peter Shaffers Equus, directed by Tony Walton at Guild Hall in East Hampton. Baldwin has returned to Broadway as Harold in Orphans, the show, which opened April 18,2013, was also to have starred Shia LaBeouf as Treat, but LaBoeuf left the production in rehearsals and was replaced by Ben Foster. Baldwins first acting role was as Billy Aldrich in the NBC daytime soap opera The Doctors from 1980 to 1982, in fall 1983, he starred in the short-lived television series Cutter to Houston. He went on to appear as the brother of Valene Ewing, in 1986, Baldwin starred in Dress Gray, a four-hour made-for-television miniseries, as an honest cadet sergeant who tries to solve the mystery of a murdered gay classmate
29.
Ben Stein
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Benjamin Jeremy Stein is an American writer, lawyer, actor, and commentator on political and economic issues. He attained early success as a speechwriter for American presidents Richard Nixon, later, he entered the entertainment field and became an actor, comedian, and Emmy Award-winning game show host. He is most well-known on screen as the teacher in Ferris Buellers Day Off. Stein has frequently written commentaries on economic, political, and social issues and he is the son of economist and writer Herbert Stein, who worked at the White House under President Nixon. His sister, Rachel, is also a writer, while as a character actor he is well known for his droning, monotonous delivery, in real life he is a public speaker on a wide range of economic and social issues. Stein was born in Washington, D. C. the son of Mildred, a homemaker, and Herbert Stein, a writer, economist and he is Jewish and grew up in the Woodside Forest neighborhood of Silver Spring, Maryland. Stein graduated from Montgomery Blair High School in 1962 along with classmate journalist Carl Bernstein, actor Sylvester Stallone was a schoolmate at Montgomery Hills Junior High School. He went on to major in economics at Columbia Universitys Columbia College, where he was a member of Alpha Delta Phi, after graduating with honors from Columbia in 1966, Stein went to Yale Law School, graduating in June 1970. He says that he did not have the highest grades in his class at Yale by a long shot and he was first a poverty lawyer in New Haven, Connecticut, and Washington, D. C. before becoming a trial lawyer for the Federal Trade Commission. Steins first teaching stint was as a professor, teaching about the political and social content of mass culture at American University in Washington. He subsequently taught classes at University of California, Santa Cruz on political, at Pepperdine University in Malibu, CA, Stein taught libel law and United States securities law and its ethical aspects. He was a professor of law at Pepperdine University Law School, Stein was the commencement speaker for the Liberty University 2009 graduation on Saturday, May 9, at Williams Stadium. At this ceremony, the University awarded him an honorary degree, according to the school, Stein delivered a message about creationism, patriotism, and value for humanity to graduates and their families. Stein writes frequently on a variety of topics, including politics, investing and he writes a regular column in the conservative magazines The American Spectator and Newsmax. He wrote a regular column for Yahoo. Finance online, with his last article dated August 7,2009 and his bestselling books include Yes, You Can Retire Comfortably, Can America Survive. and Yes, You Can Time the Market. In 2009, he published a collection of essays, The Real Stars, Stein was fired from his position as a Sunday Business columnist at The New York Times in August 2009, due to a policy prohibiting writers from performing product endorsements or advertising. However, the felt that it would be inappropriate for him to write for them while he was involved in advertising
30.
Jackie Mason
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Jackie Mason is an American stand-up comedian and film and television actor. He is ranked #63 on Comedy Centrals 100 greatest stand-up comedians of all-time and his 1986 one-man show The World According to Me won a Special Tony Award, an Outer Critics Circle Award, an Ace Award, an Emmy Award, and a Grammy nomination. He has written and performed in six shows on Broadway. Known for his delivery and voice, as well as his use of innuendo and pun, Masons often-culturally-grounded humor has been described as irreverent, a critic for Time wrote that he spoke to audiences, with the Yiddish locutions of an immigrant who just completed a course in English. He was born Yacov Moshe Maza in Sheboygan, Wisconsin, the fourth, Mason came from a long line of rabbis, which included his father, his grandfather, his great-grandfather, and his great-great grandfather. His father Eli and his mother had both been born in Minsk, and had emigrated to the US in the 1920s with the rest of Masons family from Minsk, a Jewish refugee organization helped his father find a position in Sheboygan, as it needed a rabbi. There, his parents and their friends all spoke Yiddish, as a teenager, Mason worked as a busboy at resorts in the Borscht Belt in New Yorks Catskill Mountains. He recalled, Twenty minutes, at the Pearl Lake Hotel, but I can’t swim, I told the owner. Don’t tell the guests, he says, in 1953 Mason graduated with a Bachelor of Arts degree in his double major of English and Sociology from the City College of New York. At age 18 he became a cantor, and at age 25 he received semikhah from Rabbi Moshe Feinstein and was ordained a rabbi, in Latrobe and he then led congregations as their rabbi in Weldon, North Carolina and Beth Israel Congregation in Latrobe. He said that in synagogue, I started telling more and more jokes, and after a while, a lot of gentiles would come to the congregation just to hear the sermons. Three years later, after his father died, he resigned from his job as a rabbi in a synagogue to become a comedian because, he says, Mason almost exclusively has written his own material. A sampling of his humor is his commentary on doctors, Thats a great profession, where else can you ask a woman to get undressed and then send the bill to her husband. And his commentary on what is important in life, Money is not important, as well as his ruminations on pleasing people, You cant please everyone. I think shes the most wonderful person in the world, and on trust, My grandfather always said that I shouldnt watch my money. That I should watch my health, so while I was watching my health, someone stole my money. And on fidelity, Eighty percent of married men cheat in America and he was a comedian at the Fieldston Hotel in Swan Lake, New York, in the summer of 1955. Mason was let go because his act was considered too far ahead of its time, the patrons had never been exposed to a comic who seemed to be ridiculing them
31.
Jason Bateman
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Jason Kent Bateman is an American actor, director and producer. He began acting on television in the early 1980s on Little House on the Prairie, in the 2000s, he became known for his role of Michael Bluth in the critically acclaimed sitcom Arrested Development, for which he won a Golden Globe, and a Satellite Award. He has had starring roles in the films, Juno, Hancock, Up in the Air, The Switch, Paul, Horrible Bosses, The Change-Up, Identity Thief, Bad Words, Horrible Bosses 2, The Gift, Bateman was born in Rye, New York. His mother, Victoria Elizabeth, a flight attendant for Pan Am, was English, born in Shrewsbury. His father, Kent Bateman, is an actor, writer and director of film and television, Bateman is the younger brother of Family Ties actress Justine Bateman. Bateman was four years old when his family moved to Salt Lake City, Utah, from 1982 to 1984, he was a supporting character on the television show Silver Spoons as Ricky Schroders bad boy best friend Derek Taylor. He appeared in the Knight Rider third-season episode Lost Knight in 1984, in 1987, he appeared with Burt Reynolds on the mens team in the inaugural week of game show Win, Lose or Draw. Bateman earned the status of teen idol in the mid-1980s for his television work and he became the Directors Guild of Americas youngest-ever director when he helmed three episodes of The Hogan Family at the age of eighteen. After the series ended its run, he gained recognition in the motion picture sequel Teen Wolf Too. In 1994, he played opposite legendary actors Katharine Hepburn and Anthony Quinn in the television film This Cant Be Love. During this period, he had roles on four series—Simon, Chicago Sons, George & Leo and he also directed an episode of Two of a Kind in 1999. In 2002, he played the frisky sibling of Thomas Janes character in the feature film The Sweetest Thing, in 2003, Bateman was cast as Michael Bluth in the comedy series Arrested Development. Although critically acclaimed, the series never achieved high ratings and ended on February 10,2006, the show was revived in spring 2013. Bateman won several awards for his work on the series, including a Golden Globe for Best Actor in a Television Series Musical or Comedy and he was also nominated in 2005 for the Emmy Award for Outstanding Actor in a Comedy Series. New episodes of Arrested Development have been released on Netflix with the original cast, in 2006, he appeared as a guest star on the Scrubs episode My Big Bird as Mr. Sutton, a garbage man with a flock of vicious ostriches as pets. In 2009, Bateman became a voice actor for the short-lived Fox comedy series Sit Down. He voiced Larry Littlejunk, the gym teacher and only member that can teach. In 2010, Bateman and Arrested Development co-star Will Arnett created DumbDumb Productions and their first video was Prom Date, the first in a series of Dirty Shorts for Orbit
32.
Rick Fox
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Ulrich Alexander Rick Fox is a Canadian film and television actor, businessman, retired basketball player, and E-Sports franchise owner. He played in the National Basketball Association for the Boston Celtics and Los Angeles Lakers, Fox now owns an Esports team named Echo Fox. Fox was born in Toronto, the son of Dianne Gerace, who was an Olympic high jumper and womens pentathlete and his father is Bahamian and his mother is of Italian and Scottish descent. Foxs family moved to his fathers native Bahamas when Fox was young and he attended Kingsway Academy in Nassau, where he was a member of the high schools basketball team, the Saints. Fox also played high school basketball in Warsaw, Indiana, after two seasons at Warsaw, Fox was projected to have a very successful senior season. Just prior to his season, the Indiana High School Athletic Association ruled that he had no more high school eligibility left and was not allowed to participate in any IHSAA games. Despite not playing his senior season, Fox was voted onto the Indiana All-Star team in 1987 and he then went on to star collegiately at the University of North Carolina where his highlights included leading the Tar Heels to the 1991 NCAA Final Four. Fox began his basketball career when he was selected by the Boston Celtics in the first round of the 1991 NBA draft. As a member of the Celtics, Fox became the first rookie starter on opening night since Larry Bird in 1979, Fox played off the bench his first two seasons as the Celtics reached the playoffs for the last time in the Larry Bird era. By the 1995–1996 season, Fox had become the starting small forward. He recorded career highs of 15.4 points a game and 2.2 steals a game, in the summer of 1997, the Celtics released Fox, and he signed with the Los Angeles Lakers. He played and started in all 82 games during the 1997–1998 season, in the playoffs, he tallied 10.9 points a game as the Lakers advanced to the Western Conference Finals before losing to the Utah Jazz. In the 1998–1999 season, the Lakers acquired All-Star small forward Glen Rice, Fox primarily served as his backup during the next two seasons. Prior to the 1999–2000 season, Phil Jackson became the head coach. The Lakers achieved the leagues best record with 67 wins, led by the MVP play of Shaquille ONeal, in the playoffs, Fox played all 23 games as the Lakers advanced to the 2000 NBA Finals against the Indiana Pacers. In the Finals, Fox averaged 6.7 points, including 11 in the Lakers game 1 victory. In game 6, with the Lakers leading the series 3-2, Fox hit a three pointer in the 4th quarter to help the Lakers final rally as they won the game. Following the departure of Glen Rice, Fox started 77 of 82 games in the 2000–2001 season, in the playoffs, Fox started in all 16 games as the Lakers swept through the first three rounds and reached the 2001 NBA Finals against the Philadelphia 76ers
33.
Gilbert Gottfried
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Gilbert Gottfried is an American stand-up comedian, actor and voice actor. Gottfried was also the voice of the Aflac Duck until 2011, at age 15, Gottfried began doing amateur stand-up in New York City and, after a few years, became known around New York as the comedians comedian. In 1980, Saturday Night Live was being retooled with a new staff and new comedians, Gottfrieds persona in SNL sketches was very different from his later characterization, he rarely spoke in his trademark screeching, obnoxious voice and never squinted. During his 12-episode stint, he was very little airtime. Gottfried recalls a low point was having to play a corpse in a sketch about a sports organist hired to play music at a funeral. Despite this, he had one recurring character and two celebrity impersonations, David A. Stockman and controversial film director Roman Polanski, Gottfried also played accountant Sidney Bernstein in the 1987 film Beverly Hills Cop II. Three of his most prominent roles came in 1990,1991, and 1992, when he was cast as the adoption agent Igor Peabody in Problem Child and Problem Child 2, when asked how he prepared for the role, Gottfried said, I did the whole DeNiro thing. Gottfried reprised the role in Aladdin, The Return of Jafar, Aladdin and the King of Thieves, Gottfried also voiced Berkely Beetle in 1994s Thumbelina. Gottfried was the host of the Saturday edition of USA Up All Night for its run from 1989 to 1998. On the most recent version of Hollywood Squares, Gottfried was a regular guest and it took seven tries before a contestant finally correctly agreed with him, specifically on a question of smog being a combination of smoke and fog. Gottfried has provided the voice of the duck in the Aflac commercials and Digit in Cyberchase, as well as Mr. Mxyzptlk in Superman and he also voiced a nasty wisecracking criminal genius named Nick-Nack in two episodes of Superboy. On The Tonight Show with Jay Leno, Gottfried has made regular appearances, in 2004, Comedy Central featured Gottfrieds stand-up material for Shorties Watchin Shorties. Gottfried was part of an advertising campaign for Microsofts Office XP software, showing, in a series of Flash-animated cartoons. In 2006, Gottfried topped the Boston Phoenixs tongue-in-cheek list of the worlds 100 Unsexiest Men, in April 2006, Gottfried performed with the University of Pennsylvanias Mask and Wig Club in their annual Intercollegiate Comedy Festival. Also in 2006, he made an appearance on the Lets Make a Deal portion of Gameshow Marathon and he also guest-starred in The Grim Adventures of Billy and Mandy as Santa Claus in the one-hour Christmas Special. He voiced Rick Platypus in an episode of My Gym Partners a Monkey entitled That Darn Platypus and he appeared as Peters horse in an episode of Family Guy entitled Boys Do Cry. He also guest-starred in Hannah Montana as Barny Bittmen, in January 2009, Gottfried worked again with David Faustino for an episode of Faustinos show Star-ving. In 2013, Gottfried became a member of Team Rachael on the season of Food Networks Rachael vs. Guy
34.
Michael Clarke Duncan
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He also appeared in motion pictures such as Armageddon, The Whole Nine Yards, The Scorpion King, Daredevil and Talladega Nights, The Ballad of Ricky Bobby. His voice can be heard in such as Brother Bear, Kung Fu Panda. Duncan was born in Chicago, Illinois, and grew up in a single-parent household with his sister, Judy and he always wanted to act, but had to drop out of the Communications program at Alcorn State University to support his family when his mother became ill. Duncans large frame—6 feet 5 inches and 315 pounds —helped him in his jobs digging ditches for the Peoples Gas Company, Duncan also played basketball at Kankakee Community College and for one season at Alcorn State. In 1979, he participated in the Disco Demolition Night at Comiskey Park, home of the Chicago White Sox, during the ensuing riot his silver belt buckle was stolen while he was stealing a baseball bat from the dugout. Duncan took other security jobs while in Los Angeles while trying to get acting work in commercials. During this time, he worked as a bodyguard for celebrities like Will Smith, Martin Lawrence, Jamie Foxx, LL Cool J, when rapper Notorious B. I. G. was killed in 1997, Duncan quit the personal-protection business. When Duncan was cast as the Kingpin in 2002, he faced the challenge of portraying a typically white character. In July 2006, Duncan showed interest in returning for the role of the Kingpin, in 2009, he stopped eating meat and later appeared in a PETA ad campaign, touting the health benefits and his increased strength from a vegetarian diet. In 2005, Duncan appeared in two prominent action films, The Island and Sin City where he played Manute, a powerful mobster. Critic Roger Ebert singled out Duncan for praise for his role in The Island and his other voice acting roles include TV series such as Loonatics Unleased and Operation, Z. E. R. O. He additionally reprised his role as the Kingpin in Spider-Man, The New Animated Series, in addition to his film roles, Duncan also guest starred in numerous television shows. Among these, he appeared in an episode of The Suite Life of Zack & Cody and a first-season episode of CSI, NY. In 2008, he appeared as Mr. Colt in the premiere of Chuck, Chuck Versus the First Date. The Bones Season 8 episode The Partners in the Divorce, which aired three weeks after his death, was dedicated to him. During the week of May 14,2012, Duncan appeared as a guest on the night talk show The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson when the show was taping for a week in Scotland. Duncan was one of the shows most frequent guests, appearing a total of 18 times, and, at the time of his death, Duncan was engaged to reality television personality Omarosa Manigault. In episode 2 of the season, Manigault won $40,000 for the charity, on July 13,2012, Duncan was taken to Cedars Sinai Medical Center after suffering a heart attack
35.
Brendan Fraser
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Brendan James Fraser is a Canadian-American actor. He also starred in dramatic roles, such as Gods and Monsters, The Quiet American, Crash. Fraser was born in Indianapolis, Indiana, the son of Canadians Carol Mary and his mother was a sales counselor, and his father was a former journalist who worked as a Canadian foreign service officer for the Government Office of Tourism. His ancestry includes Czech, French Canadian, German, Irish and his maternal uncle, George Genereux, was the only Canadian to win a gold medal in the 1952 Summer Olympics. He has three brothers, Kevin, Regan, and Sean. Frasers family moved often during his childhood, living in Eureka, California, Seattle, Washington, Ottawa, Ontario, the Netherlands and he attended Upper Canada College, a private boarding school in Toronto, Ontario. While on vacation in London, he attended his first professional theatre show in the West End and he graduated from Seattles Cornish College of the Arts in 1990. He began acting at a small acting college in New York City and he planned on attending graduate school in Texas, but stopped in Hollywood, California on the way and decided to stay there to work in film. Fraser made a appearance in the reenactment of Americas Most Wanted. After his film debut Encino Man, he starred with Matt Damon, in 1994, he played Steve Nebraska in The Scout and Montgomery Monty Kessler in With Honors. He went on to supporting roles, such as Philip Ridleys The Passion of Darkly Noon. He went on to appear in comedy films, such as Blast from the Past, Bedazzled. He also starred in two based on Jay Ward creations, George of the Jungle and Dudley Do-Right. He also starred in Gods and Monsters, which was based on the life of James Whale who directed Frankenstein and his biggest commercial success came with the adventure fantasy film, The Mummy and its sequel The Mummy Returns, both of which were hugely successful at the box office. He lent his voice for the animated film Big Bug Man. In 2004, he appeared in the Academy Award-winning film Crash and he has also made guest appearances on the television shows, Scrubs, King of the Hill and The Simpsons. In March 2006, he was inducted into Canadas Walk of Fame, however, as of 2014, he does not have a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. After a six-year hiatus in the franchise, Fraser returned for the sequel to The Mummy released in August 2008 and titled The Mummy
36.
Patrick Warburton
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Patrick John Warburton is an American actor and voice actor. In television he has played a control enthusiast in a series of commercials for National Car Rental, Warburton was born in Paterson, New Jersey, the son of orthopedic surgeon John Charles Warburton Jr. and Barbara Jeanne Gratz. He later attended Servite High School, and later transferred to Newport Harbor High School and he studied marine biology at Orange Coast College in Costa Mesa, California, but dropped out to pursue modeling and acting. Warburtons acting roles often rely on his deep, booming voice, in the 1990s, he was known for his role as David Puddy on Seinfeld, the on-again, off-again boyfriend of Elaine Benes. He had a role in the 2002 film Men in Black II as Js’ new partner. He starred in FOXs short-lived series The Tick, in which he held the title role and he played Nick Sharp in 8 Simple Rules and joined the cast of Less Than Perfect in 2003, as anchorman Jeb Denton. He also played Jeff Bingham in Rules of Engagement, and Rip Riley in the FX series Archer, Warburton reprised his role as Kronk for the direct-to-video sequel, Kronks New Groove, and the subsequent TV series The Emperors New School. He voices Steve Barkin in the Disney Channel show Kim Possible, Warburton was also cast in The Venture Bros. in which he voices Brock Samson. He voices Joe Swanson on Fox’s Family Guy and Detective Cash in The Batman and he lent his voice talent to the computer-animated feature films Hoodwinked, Chicken Little, Bee Movie, Open Season, and Tak, Tak and the Power of Juju. He was also the voice of Commander Blaine H. Tate on the Comedy Central animated series Moonbeam City in October 2015, Warburton appeared on GSN’s Poker Royale Celebrities vs. the Pros tournament in 2005, winning the tournament and the $50,000 grand prize. On November 8,2009, Warburton appeared as the wild west character Cal Johnson on Seth & Alex’s Comedy Show, hosted by Seth MacFarlane and Alex Borstein and he was also cast as the sheriff in the Cartoon Network series Scooby-Doo. He appeared as Bowser in a video by CollegeHumor entitled The Roast of Mario and he appeared on the American version of Top Gear on February 21,2012. He set the “Big Star, Small Car” lap record, beating previous record-holder Arlene Tur, Warburton starred in the 2016 NBC sitcom Crowded, which was canceled after one season. He is the voice of Lewis in the Clark & Lewis Expedition radio commercials for Horizon Air, in August 2009, Warburton played a high-end PC in a Get a Mac ad for Apple Inc. Warburton also became the spokesman for Japanese automaker Hondas Good Reasons advertising campaign in September 2011 and he is also the voice in NAPAs Can of Know How commercial. In 2015, Warburton became the star of National Car Rental commercials Be the Boss of You and he also became the voice in the current Discover Fresh radio ad campaign by Souplantation, a California-based buffet-style restaurant chain. Warburton voices the forest ranger in a Smokey Bear radio ad campaign sponsored by the U. S. Forest Service and the Ad Council. He is featured in the video shown to guests at Soarin Over California in Disney California Adventure and Epcot at the Walt Disney World Resort
