"The Geographical Pivot of History" is an article submitted by Halford John Mackinder in 1904 to the Royal Geographical Society that advances his heartland theory. In this article, Mackinder extended
Halford John Mackinder, the author
Halford Mackinder
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Sir Halford John Mackinder was a British geographer, academic and politician, who is regarded as one of the founding fathers of both geopolitics and geostrategy. He is considered to have introduced th
The Geographical Pivot of History
…The Geographical Pivot of History" is an article submitted by Halford John Mackinder in 1904 to the Royal Geographical Society that advances his heartland theory. In this article, Mackinder extended the scope of geopolitical analysis…
Mackinder's birthplace Elswitha Hall in Gainsborough, Lincolnshire
Mackinder's route in East Africa
Bubo capensis mackinderi