1.
American Broadcasting Company
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The network is headquartered on Columbus Avenue and West 66th Street in Manhattan, New York City. There are additional offices and production facilities elsewhere in New York City, as well as in Los Angeles and Burbank. Since 2007, when ABC Radio was sold to Citadel Broadcasting, ABC originally launched on October 12,1943, as a radio network, separated from and serving as the successor to the NBC Blue Network, which had been purchased by Edward J. Noble. It extended its operations to television in 1948, following in the footsteps of established broadcast networks CBS, in the mid-1950s, ABC merged with United Paramount Theatres, a chain of movie theaters that formerly operated as a subsidiary of Paramount Pictures. Leonard Goldenson, who had been the head of UPT, made the new television network profitable by helping develop, in 1996, most of Capital Cities/ABCs assets were purchased by The Walt Disney Company. The television network has eight owned-and-operated and over 232 affiliated television stations throughout the United States, most Canadians have access to at least one U. S. ABC News provides news and features content for radio stations owned by Citadel Broadcasting. In the 1930s, radio in the United States was dominated by three companies, the Columbia Broadcasting System, the Mutual Broadcasting System and the National Broadcasting Company. The last was owned by electronics manufacturer Radio Corporation of America, in 1938, the FCC began a series of investigations into the practices of radio networks and published its report on the broadcasting of network radio programs in 1940. The report recommended that RCA give up control of either NBC Red or NBC Blue, at that time, the NBC Red Network was the principal radio network in the United States and, according to the FCC, RCA was using NBC Blue to eliminate any hint of competition. Once Mutuals appeals against the FCC were rejected, RCA decided to sell NBC Blue in 1941, the newly separated NBC Red and NBC Blue divided their respective corporate assets. Investment firm Dillon, Read & Co. offered $7.5 million to purchase the network, Edward John Noble, the owner of Life Savers candy, drugstore chain Rexall and New York City radio station WMCA, purchased the network for $8 million. Due to FCC ownership rules, the transaction, which was to include the purchase of three RCA stations by Noble, would require him to resell his station with the FCCs approval, the Commission authorized the transaction on October 12,1943. Soon afterward, the Blue Network was purchased by the new company Noble founded, Noble subsequently acquired the rights to the American Broadcasting Company name from George B. Meanwhile, in August 1944, the West Coast division of the Blue Network, both stations were then managed by Don Searle, the vice-president of the Blue Networks West Coast division. The ABC Radio Network created its audience slowly, the network also became known for such suspenseful dramas as Sherlock Holmes, Gang Busters and Counterspy, as well as several mid-afternoon youth-oriented programs. S. From Nazi Germany after its conquest, to pre-record its programming, while its radio network was undergoing reconstruction, ABC found it difficult to avoid falling behind on the new medium of television. To ensure a space, in 1947, ABC submitted five applications for television station licenses, the ABC television network made its debut on April 19,1948, with WFIL-TV in Philadelphia becoming its first primary affiliate
2.
Brooklyn Heights
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Brooklyn Heights is an affluent residential neighborhood within the New York City borough of Brooklyn. Originally referred to as Brooklyn Village, it has been a prominent area of Brooklyn since 1834, the neighborhood is noted for its low-rise architecture and its many brownstone rowhouses, most of them built prior to the Civil War. It also has an abundance of churches and other religious institutions. Brooklyns first art gallery, the Brooklyn Arts Gallery, was opened in Brooklyn Heights in 1958, in 1965, a large part of Brooklyn Heights was protected from unchecked development by the creation of the Brooklyn Heights Historic District, the first such district in New York City. The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1966, directly across the East River from Manhattan and connected to it by subways and regular ferry service, Brooklyn Heights is also easily accessible from Downtown Brooklyn. The neighborhood stretches from Old Fulton Street near the Brooklyn Bridge south to Atlantic Avenue and from the Brooklyn-Queens Expressway to Court Street, adjacent neighborhoods are Dumbo, Downtown Brooklyn, Cobble Hill, and Boerum Hill. Columbia Heights, an upscale six-block-long street next to the Brooklyn Heights Promenade, is considered to be its own neighborhood. As of 2000, Brooklyn Heights had a population of 22,594 people, the neighborhood is part of Brooklyn Community Board 2, and is served by the 84th Precinct of the New York City Police Department at 301 Gold Street in nearby Downtown Brooklyn. Brooklyn Heights occupies a palisade that rises sharply from the rivers edge, before the Dutch settled on Long Island in the middle of the seventeenth century, this promontory was called Ihpetonga by the native Lenape American Indians. Ferries across the East River were running as early as 1642, the most significant of the ferries went between the current Fulton Street and Peck Slip in Manhattan, and was run by Cornelius Dirksen. The ferry service helped the area to thrive, with both farms and some factories along the water, but the higher ground was sparsely used. They later sold part of their land to John Jackson, who created the Vinegar Hill community, Pierrepont had accumulated 60 acres of land, including 800 feet which directly overlooked the harbor, all of which he planned to sub-divide. Since his intention was to sell to merchants and bankers who lived in Manhattan, he needed easy access between Brooklyn Heights and New York City, which Fultons company provided. A resident of the Heights could leave the office at three oclock, have dinner at home at four oclock, and still have time for a drive to the outskirts of town. A select neighborhood and circle of society, where there had been only seven houses in the Heights in 1807, by 1860 there were over six hundred of them, and by 1890 the area was almost completely developed. Throughout the 19th century, Brooklyn Heights remained an elegant neighborhood and its development gave rise to offshoots such as Cobble Hill and, later, Carroll Gardens. Beecher was a nationally-known figure famous on the circuit for his novel oratorical style, in which he employed humor, dialect. To dramatize the plight of those held in captivity, Beecher once brought a female slave to the church and held an auction, with the highest bidder purchasing not the slave, but her freedom
3.
Charles Herbert
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Charles Herbert Saperstein, known as Charles Herbert, was an American child actor of the 1950s and 1960s. In six years he appeared in twenty Hollywood features and his situation and the lifetime of damage it created for him only recently came to light. Herbert was born Charles Herbert Saperstein in Culver City, California and he gave me his card, which I immediately tried to give to the bus driver. Blue eyed and freckle-faced, Herbert began his career at age four when he appeared on the television series Half Pint Panel. The Long, Long Trailer would have been his first movie, however, after auditioning with some 40 other kids and chosen for a role, he was cut from the film. This period was highlighted by a performance at age eight for his role as a blind child on an episode of Science Fiction Theater. Airing December 22,1956, The Miracle Hour episode is about a man who never gives up hope that his fiancées blind six-year-old son will not have to spend the holidays in darkness, Herbert starred with Dick Foran and Jean Byron. K. Herberts final feature film and starring role was in The Boy, Gordon, the master of giant monster films, costarring his daughter Susan. Herbert and Susan Gordon had previously worked together in The Man in the Net, the scene in The Five Pennies. The 30-minute unsold pilot aired as the Christabel episode of Alcoa/Goodyear Playhouse, very rarely seen, The Boy and the Pirates was released by Sony Pictures Home Entertainment as a Midnite Movies double DVD set with the more recent Crystalstone, on June 27,2006. An interest in films was generated by Walt Disney Companys theatrical release of Johnny Depps Pirates of the Caribbean. During his peak, he was performing nonstop with multiple projects completed each year, by 1959, Herbert had achieved a lofty place among the most-desired and highest-paid child actors of his time, making nearly $1,650 per week. He had established for both the reputation and the nickname of One-Take Charlie. Of his acting style, one reviewer described Herbert as sincere, accurate, overenunciated at times, an extraordinary child actor by any standard. Herbert’s intense emotive quality is much of the method acting school. Anybody who is in that category who is nice to the children is a nice person, cause I worked with some who were not. Children and animals are not big favorites with movie stars, starring screen roles in the 1950s soon evaporated, and Herbert was relegated to TV appearances in the 1960s. Herberts career amassed 20 feature films, more than 50 TV shows, because of the studio attitude toward child actors of the time, Herbert had a keen interest in the child actors of today
4.
Frankie Avalon
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Frankie Avalon is an Italian-American actor, singer, and former teen idol. He is a figure in mid 20th century entertainment and an icon in the history of American rock. Avalon was born in Philadelphia, the son of Mary and Nicholas Avallone, in December 1952, he made his American network television debut playing the trumpet in the Honeymooners Christmas Party sketch on The Jackie Gleason Show. Two singles showcasing Avalons trumpet playing were issued on RCA Victors X sublabel in 1954 and his trumpet playing was also featured on some of his LP songs as well. As a teenager he played with Bobby Rydell in Rocco and the Saints, in 1959, Venus and Why went to number one on the Billboard Hot 100. Why was the last #1 of the 1950s, Avalon had 31 charted U. S. Billboard singles from 1958 to late 1962, including Just Ask Your Heart, Ill Wait for You, Bobby Sox to Stockings, and A Boy Without a Girl. Most of his hits were written and/or produced by Bob Marcucci and he was less popular in the U. K. but did still manage four chart hits with Why, Ginger Bread, Venus and Dont Throw Away All Those Teardrops. Avalons first film was an appearance in Jamboree, playing a trumpet. In the late 1950s, teen idols were often given roles in movies supporting older male stars in order to attract a younger audience, Avalon was a favourite of the daughter of Alan Ladd who recommended him to co-star with her father in the Western Guns of the Timberland. Avalon sings two songs, The Faithful Kind and Gee Whiz Whillikins Golly Gee, both were released as singles, rushes for Timberland were seen by John Wayne, who was looking for a young actor to play the role of Smitty in his passion project, The Alamo. Avalon was cast in his second dramatic part, after making the film Wayne told the press Were not cutting one bit of any scene in which Frankie appears. I believe he is the finest young talent Ive seen in a long time, mr Wayne said I was natural as far as acting goes, said Avalon. He added, My ambition when I was ten years old was to have my own band like Harry James. I never expected anything like this, id like to be identified as a singer, dancer and actor. I dont want to be just one thing, I like to appeal to teenagers and adults, he said in 1960. Avalon was now in demand as an actor, for Irwin Allen he had a small role and sang the title role in the science fiction adventure film, Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea, a solid hit. He had a role in a comedy, Sail a Crooked Ship. Avalon was teamed with Ray Milland in the fiction film. Samuel Z. Arkoff of AIP said Avalon and Milland were teamed together because both have particular types of followers and the combination adds up to an attraction
5.
Sammy Davis Jr.
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Samuel George Sammy Davis Jr. was an American entertainer. Primarily a dancer and singer, he was also an actor of stage and screen, comedian, musician, at the age of 3, Davis began his career in vaudeville with his father and Will Mastin as the Will Mastin Trio, which toured nationally. After military service, Davis returned to the trio, Davis became an overnight sensation following a nightclub performance at Ciros after the 1951 Academy Awards. With the trio, he became a recording artist, in 1954, he lost his left eye in a car accident, and several years later, he converted to Judaism. Daviss film career began as a child in 1933, in 1960, he appeared in the Rat Pack film Oceans 11. After a starring role on Broadway in 1956s Mr Wonderful, he returned to the stage in 1964s Golden Boy, in 1966 he had his own TV variety show, titled The Sammy Davis Jr. Show. Daviss career slowed in the late 1960s, but he had a hit record with The Candy Man in 1972 and became a star in Las Vegas, earning him the nickname Mister Show Business. Davis was a victim of racism throughout his life, particularly during the pre-Civil Rights era, Davis had a complex relationship with the black community, and drew criticism after publicly supporting President Richard Nixon in 1972. One day on a course with Jack Benny, he was asked what his handicap was. This was to become a comment, recounted in his autobiography. After reuniting with Sinatra and Dean Martin in 1987, Davis toured with them and Liza Minnelli internationally and he died in debt to the Internal Revenue Service, and his estate was the subject of legal battles. Davis was awarded the Spingarn Medal by the NAACP and was nominated for a Golden Globe Award and he was the recipient of the Kennedy Center Honors in 1987, and in 2001, he was posthumously awarded the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award. During his lifetime, Davis stated that his mother was Puerto Rican, as an infant, he was reared by his paternal grandmother. When he was 3 years old, his parents separated and his father, not wanting to lose custody of his son, took him on tour. Davis learned to dance from his father and his uncle Will Mastin, Davis joined the act as a child and they became the Will Mastin Trio. Throughout his career, Davis included the Will Mastin Trio in his billing, Mastin and his father shielded him from racism. Snubs were explained as jealousy, for instance, when Davis served in the United States Army during World War II, however, he was confronted by strong racial prejudice. He later said, Overnight the world looked different and it wasnt one color any more
6.
Robert Goulet
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Robert Gerard Goulet was an American singer and actor of French-Canadian ancestry. Goulet was born and raised in Lawrence, Massachusetts and his debut in Camelot marked the beginning of an award-winning stage, screen, and recording career. A Grammy, Tony, and an Emmy award winner, his career spanned almost six decades, Goulet was born in Lawrence, Massachusetts, on Greenvile St. in the Tower Hill section, the only son of Jeanette and Joseph Georges André Goulet, a laborer. His parents were both of French Canadian ancestry and he was a descendant of French-Canadian pioneers Zacharie Cloutier and Jacques Goulet. Shortly after his fathers death, 13-year-old Robert moved with his mother and sister Claire to Girouxville, Alberta, after living in Girouxville for several years, they moved to the provincial capital of Edmonton to take advantage of the performance opportunities offered in the city. There, he attended the schools founded by Herbert G. Turner and Jean Letourneau. Upon graduating from Victoria Composite high school, Goulet received a scholarship to The Royal Conservatory of Music in Toronto, there, he studied voice with famed oratorio baritones, George Lambert and Ernesto Vinci. In 1952, he competed in CBC Televisions Pick The Stars and this led to other network appearances on shows like Singing Stars of Tomorrow, Opportunity Knocks, Juliette and the Canadian version of Howdy Doody in which he starred opposite William Shatner. Goulets first U. S. bookings were in stock theatre with the Kenley Players. He appeared in eight productions, including Pajama Game, Bells Are Ringing, Dream Girl, South Pacific, Meet Me in St. Louis, and Carousel. John Kenley came to his room after the opening of Pajama Game and gave him a raise, saying it was because he knew he could never afford to again. Goulet repeated his role in South Pacific for Kenley in a 1995 production, in 1959, Goulet was introduced to librettist Alan Jay Lerner and composer Frederick Loewe, who were having difficulty casting the role of Lancelot in their stage production Camelot. Lerner and Loewe, impressed by Goulets talent, signed the virtual newcomer to play the part, opposite Richard Burton, Camelot opened in Toronto in October 1960. It then played an engagement in Boston, and finally opened on Broadway two months later. Goulet received favorable reviews, most notably for his show-stopping romantic ballad, after the run of Camelot, Goulet appeared on The Danny Thomas Show and The Ed Sullivan Show, which made him a household name among American audiences. On December 7,1962, Goulet made an appearance on The Jack Paar Show with Judy Garland to promote their animated film and he also would win a Grammy Award as Best New Artist in 1962. On May 25,1965, Goulet mangled the lyrics to the United States National Anthem at the opening of the second Muhammad Ali-Sonny Liston heavyweight championship fight in Lewiston, Maine. Goulet had never sung the anthem in public before, and replaced the lyric dawns early light with dawns early night, the gaffe was reported in newspapers nationwide the next morning, and Goulet was criticized in opinion columns for a lack of knowledge of the lyrics
7.
Patty Duke
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Anna Marie Patty Duke was an American actress of stage, film, and television. She first became known as a teen star, winning an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress at age 16 for her role as Helen Keller in The Miracle Worker, a role which she had originated on Broadway. The following year she was given her own show, The Patty Duke Show and she later progressed to more mature roles such as that of Neely OHara in the film Valley of the Dolls. Over the course of her career, she received ten Emmy Award nominations, Duke also served as president of the Screen Actors Guild from 1985 to 1988. Duke was diagnosed bipolar disorder in 1982, after which she devoted much of her time to advocating for. Duke was born in Elmhurst, Queens, New York, the youngest of three children of Frances Margaret, a cashier, and John Patrick Duke, a handyman and she was of Irish, and more distant German, descent. Duke, her brother Raymond, and her sister Carol experienced a difficult childhood and their father was an alcoholic, and their mother suffered from clinical depression and was prone to violence. When Duke was six, her mother forced her father to leave the family home. When Duke was eight, her care was turned over to talent managers John and Ethel Ross, the Rosses methods of managing Dukes career were often unscrupulous and exploitative. They consistently billed Duke as being two years younger than she actually was and padded her resume with false credits and they gave her alcohol and prescription drugs, took unreasonably high fees from her earnings and made sexual advances to her. In addition, the Rosses ordered Duke to change her name—Anna Marie is dead and they hoped that Patty Duke would duplicate the success of tween actress Patty McCormack. One of Dukes earlier acting roles was in the late 1950s and she also appeared in print ads and in television commercials. In 1959, at the age of 12, Duke appeared on The $64,000 Question and won $32,000, in 1962, it was revealed that the game show had been rigged, and she was called to testify before a panel of the United States Senate. Also in 1959, Duke appeared in an adaptation of Meet Me in St. Louis as Tootie Smith. Dukes first major starring role was playing Helen Keller in the Broadway play The Miracle Worker, during the run, Dukes name was elevated to above the plays name on the theatres billboard, believed to be the first time this had been done for such a young star. The play was made into a 1962 film, for which Duke received the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress. At 16, Duke was the youngest person at that time to have received an Academy Award in a competitive category, Duke returned to television, this time starring with Laurence Olivier and George C. Scott in a television production of The Power and the Glory. Dukes own series, The Patty Duke Show, which Sidney Sheldon created especially for her, the show also featured such high-profile guest stars as Sammy Davis, Jr. Peter Lawford, Paul Lynde and Sal Mineo
8.
Mark Miller (actor)
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Mark Miller is an American stage and television actor and writer who starred in over 200 plays and made more than forty appearances in television programs and films since 1953. He is best known for his roles as Bill Hooten in Guestward, jim Nash in Please Dont Eat the Daisies TV series and Alvie in the movie he wrote and produced, Savannah Smiles. Miller was born in Houston, Texas and he graduated from New Yorks American Academy of Dramatic Arts in 1952. After graduation he was immediately cast in the revival of Philadelphia Story in Newport, RI, at the Casino Playhouse and began a career acting on stage. Miller guest starred in series, including NBCs western, The Tall Man, with Barry Sullivan. He also appeared on Jack Lords ABC rodeo adventure series, Stoney Burke and he also appeared in numerous other television shows, such as Gunsmoke, The Millionaire, Marcus Welby, M. D. The Andy Griffith Show, General Hospital and I Dream Of Jeannie and he also appeared on the 1963 The Twilight Zone episode entitled I Dream of Genie. In 1973, he appeared in the episode Death by Prescription of Lorne Greenes ABC crime drama Griff, Miller wrote the story and screenplay, and starred in the 1982 movie Savannah Smiles. He also starred alongside Slim Pickens in the 1981 movie Christmas Mountain, Miller is divorced from costume designer and publicist Beatrice Ammidown. He has three daughters, Marisa, Savannah, and actress Penelope Ann Miller and he married Barbara Stanger in 1976, but divorced in 1998. The two co-wrote the screenplay for the 1995 film, A Walk in the Clouds, starring Keanu Reeves, Miller retired from Hollywood in the late 1990s and moved to Taos, New Mexico with his then wife Barbara Stanger. In 2010, he wrote the play, Amorous Crossings, that starred famed M*A*S*H legend, Loretta Switt and it premiered at the Alhambra Theater in Jacksonville, the play ran for four weeks to sold-out audiences. In 2014, he moved back to Los Angeles where he formed the production company Gypsy Moon Entertainment, Mark Miller at the Internet Movie Database Mark Miller at AllMovie
9.
Jean-Pierre Aumont
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Jean-Pierre Aumont was a French actor, and holder of the Legion dHonneur and the Croix de Guerre for his World War II military service. Aumont was born Jean-Pierre Philippe Salomons in Paris, the son of Suzanne, an actress and his mothers uncle was well-known stage actor George Berr. His father was from a Dutch Jewish family, his mothers family were French Jews, aumonts younger brother was the noted French film director François Villiers. Aumont began studying drama at the Paris Conservatory at age 16 and his professional stage debut occurred at the age of 19. His film debut one year later, when Jean de la Lune was produced in 1931. However, his most important, career-defining role came in 1934, while his film and stage career began rising quickly, World War II broke out. Aumont remained in France until 1942, when he realized that as a Jew he would have to flee the Nazis and he migrated from the unoccupied zone of France Vichy, to New York City, then to Hollywood to pursue his film career. He began working with MGM, however, after finishing The Cross of Lorraine and he was sent to North Africa, where he participated in Operation Torch in Tunisia. He moved with the Allied armies through Italy and France, during the war, he was wounded twice. The first was on a mission with his brother, the second was more serious, aumonts Jeep was blown up near a land-mined bridge. General Diego Brosset, commander of the 1st Free French Division, for his bravery during the fighting, Aumont received the Legion dHonneur and the Croix de Guerre. After the war, Aumont quickly resumed his career, starring opposite Ginger Rogers in Heartbeat. He worked with a number of prominent directors and stars, including his wife Maria Montez. In the mid-1950s, Aumont began working in the new medium of television, appearing on several programs, such as Robert Montgomery Presents. In the 1960s and 1970s, he appeared in theater productions, including the musicals Tovarich with Vivien Leigh, Jacques Brel Is Alive and Well and Living in Paris, South Pacific. One of his last acting performances was in A Tale of Two Cities, Two years later, in 1991, aged 80, he received an honorary César Award as well as being decorated with the cross of Commandeur des Arts et des Lettres. Aumont was married four times to three women and his first wife was French actress Blanche Montel, to whom he was married for two years, ultimately divorcing. While in Hollywood, Aumont married Maria Montez, a Dominican actress and she was known as the Queen of Technicolor, and their marriage was very happy
10.
James Brolin
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James Brolin is an American actor, producer, and director, best known for his roles in film and television, including sitcoms and soap operas. He is the father of actor Josh Brolin and husband of singer/actress Barbra Streisand, among other awards, Brolin has won two Golden Globes and an Emmy. He received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame on August 27,1998, Brolin was born Craig Kenneth Bruderlin in Los Angeles, California. The eldest of two brothers and two sisters, he was the son of Helen Sue, a housewife, and Henry Hurst Bruderlin, the family settled in Westwood after his birth. As a young child, he was more interested in animals and airplanes. As a teenaged filmgoer in the mid-1950s, he was fascinated with actor James Dean. When his parents invited a director over to his familys house for dinner before auditioning, he met fellow actor and classmate, Ryan ONeal. The two clicked and later enrolled in University High School located in West Los Angeles, however, Bruderlins own acting exposed his stifling shyness. His assurance grew when ONeal invited him to a casting agency, Brolin graduated from high school in 1958, and his family was already encouraging him to become an actor like ONeal. Prior to taking acting classes in school, Brolin started out as an actor on an episode of Bus Stop in 1961. The part led to parts in television productions such as Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea, Margie, Love, American Style, Twelve OClock High and The Long. He also had a role on the short-lived television series The Monroes. At the age of 20 he changed his surname from Bruderlin to Brolin to become James Brolin and he signed a contract with 20th Century Fox. While in school struggling to make it big, he met actor Clint Eastwood, Brolin also had small roles in several films including Take Her, Shes Mine, Dear Brigitte, Von Ryans Express, Fantastic Voyage. The following year, his first big role was in The Cape Town Affair, Brolin was ultimately fired by 20th Century Fox. During the 1970s, the 6 ft 4 inch Brolin began appearing in leading roles in films, including Skyjacked, and Westworld. By the mid 1970s, he was a leading man in films, starring in Gable and Lombard, The Car, Capricorn One, The Amityville Horror, Night of the Juggler. When Roger Moore expressed his desire to leave the role of James Bond, ultimately, however, Moore decided to continue in the series
11.
William Schallert
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William Joseph Schallert was an American character actor who appeared in many films and television series. He began acting while a student at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles and he returned to UCLA after the war and graduated in 1946. In 1946, helped found the Circle Theatre with Sydney Chaplin, in 1948, Schallert was directed by Sydneys father, Charlie Chaplin, in a staging of Somerset Maughams Rain. Schallert appeared in supporting roles on television programs starting in the early 1950s. He was in three episodes of Gunsmoke, season 3, episode 16 Twelfth Night in 1957, season 4, episode 16 Gypsum Hills Feud in 1958 and he appeared in The Partridge Family as a very humble folk-singing guitar player in Stage Fright, in 1971. He appeared three times as Major Karl Richmond on NBCs Steve Canyon, starring Dean Fredericks in the title role, Schallert also appeared in several movies. One of his early roles was a brief uncredited performance as a police detective in The Reckless Moment with Joan Bennett. Schallert also played an attendant in the early minutes of the 1950s sci-fi classic. He was a member of the Circle Players at The Circle Theatre, started in 1946. Schallert starred in Philbert, an innovative 1964 TV pilot for ABC, Schallert was probably best known as Martin Lane on The Patty Duke Show. He also appeared as a teacher, Mr. Leander Pomfritt, on The Many Loves of Dobie Gillis. On the two shows he worked opposite actress Jean Byron. He played the role of Nilz Baris in the Star Trek episode The Trouble With Tribbles, and much later in the Star Trek, Deep Space Nine episode Sanctuary, in which he played Varani, a Bajoran musician. Schallert played the role of Carson Drew in the television series The Hardy Boys/Nancy Drew Mysteries, in addition to his onscreen performances, Schallert did voiceover work for numerous television and radio commercials over the years. Among these were a role as Milton the Toaster in animated commercials for Kelloggs Pop-Tarts. He had the distinction of appearing in both the movie version of In the Heat of the Night and the later NBC TV version in 1992. In 2004, TV Guide recognized Schallerts portrayal of Martin Lane on The Patty Duke Show as No.39 on its list of 50 Greatest TV Dads. During Schallerts tenure as SAG President, he founded the Committee for Performers with Disabilities, and in 1993, he was awarded the Ralph Morgan Award for service to the Guild
12.
Black and white
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Black and white, often abbreviated B/W or B&W, and hyphenated black-and-white when used as an adjective, is any of several monochrome forms in visual arts. Black-and-white images are not usually starkly contrasted black and white and they combine black and white in a continuum producing a range of shades of gray. Even when most studios had the capability to make color films they were not heavily utilized as using the Technicolor process was expensive, for the years 1940–1966, a separate Academy Award for Best Art Direction was given for black-and-white movies along with one for color. Television, Television program was first transmitted in black-and-white, scottish inventor John Logie Baird demonstrated the worlds first color television transmission on July 3,1928 using a mechanical process. Some color broadcasts in the US began in the 1950s, with color becoming common in industrialized nations during the late 1960s. In the United States, the Federal Communications Commission settled on a color NTSC standard in 1953, color television became more widespread in the U. S. between 1963 and 1967, when the CBS and ABC networks joined NBC in broadcasting full color schedules. Canada began airing color television in 1966 while the United Kingdom began to use a different color system from July 1967 known as PAL. The Republic Of Ireland followed in 1970, in China, black and white television sets were the norm until as late as the 1990s, color TVs not outselling them until about 1989. While seldom used now, many consumer camcorders have the ability to record in black-and-white. Photography, Photographs were either black-and-white or shades of sepia, color photography was originally rare and expensive and again often containing inaccurate hues. Color photography became more common from the mid-20th century, Today, black-and-white is a niche market for photographers who use the medium for artistic purposes. This can take the form of film or digital conversion to grayscale. For amateur use certain companies such as Kodak manufactured black-and-white disposable cameras until 2009, also, certain films are produced today which give black-and-white images using the ubiquitous C41 color process. Printing press, Most American newspapers were black-and-white until the early 1980s, The New York Times, some claim that USA Today was the major impetus for the change to color. In the UK, color was only introduced from the mid-1980s. Even today, many newspapers restrict color photographs to the front, similarly, daily comic strips in newspapers were traditionally black-and-white with color reserved for Sunday strips. Sometimes color is reserved for the cover, magazines such as Jet magazine were either all or mostly black-and-white until the end of the 2000s when it became all-color. Manga are typically published in black-and-white although now it is part of its image, many school yearbooks are still entirely or mostly in black-and-white
