1.
Folk punk
–
Folk punk is a fusion of folk music and punk rock. It was popularized in the early 1980s by The Pogues in Britain, folk punk achieved some mainstream success in that decade. In more recent years, its subgenres Celtic punk and Gypsy punk have experienced some commercial success, unlike Celtic rock and electric folk, folk punk tends to include relatively little traditional music in its repertoire. Most folk punk musicians perform their own compositions, in the style of punk rock, nevertheless, some folk punk bands have adopted traditional forms of folk music, including sea shanties and eastern European Gypsy music. In 1977 London born singer-songwriter Patrik Fitzgerald released his first EP titled Safety-Pin Stuck in My Heart which was subtitled a love song for punk music. The titular song from the EP still remains Fitzgeralds most famous work and acted as one of the releases for folk punk by combining punk rock imagery with acoustic guitar. During the 1980s other punk and hardcore bands would pepper their albums with acoustic tracks or inject folksier sounds, notably The Dead Milkmen, Hüsker Dü, and Articles of Faith. An influential album was the punk inflected folk-country album released in 1984 when psychedelic hardcore band The Meat Puppets switched their style for their seminal release Meat Puppets II. The Pogues lead singer Shane MacGowan had played in a London punk outfit The Nips, in the 80s Many bands with connections to or fanbases in the New Age Travelers fused folk, punk and more often than not Dub Reggae and Ska. Outfits like Culture Shock, Citizen Fish R. D. F, the AK47s, DS2000, Levellers musical cousins The ORoonies, The Tofu Love Frogs, Back To The Planet and others furthered the style, albeit in a deliberately underground / non-chart stylee. The pioneers of a more distinctively English brand of folk punk were The Men They Couldnt Hang, also important were the Oysterband, who developed from playing English Céilidh music with a fast and harder rock sound from around 1986. The Levellers, founded in 1988, made use of traditional melodies but more use of acoustic instruments. Several other prominent members of the English punk scene in the early 1980s were also experimenting with folk influences, early demos by Chumbawamba feature the accordion and the trumpet, though it would take them over 20 years to transition into a full-fledged folk act. Attila The Stockbroker began entertaining punk audiences accompanied by mandola in 1986, the early nineties saw a general lull of interest in folk influenced punk, but there were a few acts touring. 1994 saw the creation of Plan-It-X Records, which would later go on to release some of the most quintessential folk punk acts of the late 90s/early 2000s and have a large influence on the genre. Formed in 1995 The World/Inferno Friendship Society is an ensemble that came to be influential in the later New York Gypsy Punk scene. They combined elements of Cabaret, Punk, and Klezmer into their grandiose, at the close of the 1990s, Celtic punk had a revival as bands like Dropkick Murphys, Flogging Molly, Greenland Whalefishers, and The Real McKenzies started to experience wider commercial notice. This wave of bands, who often mixed Pogues-derived sounds with those of punk bands like Cockney Rejects
Folk punk
–
Chumbawamba vocalist Danbert Nobacon pictured playing live at the
University of Leeds, 1986, supporting
Conflict.
2.
Stiff Records
–
Stiff Records is a British independent record label formed in London, England, by Dave Robinson and Jake Riviera. Originally active from 1976 to 1986, the label was reactivated in 2007, Robinson and Riviera were well-known London music business characters. The label was started with a loan of £400 from Lee Brilleaux of Dr. Feelgood and its first release, on 14 August 1976, was a single by Nick Lowe, So It Goes, B-side Heart Of The City, with the striking catalogue number BUY1. That record sold 10,000 copies, but Stiffs next release, Between The Lines by Pink Fairies, november 1976 also saw the release of a single by Nottingham-based band Plummet Airlines Silver Shirt/This is the World. Plummet Airlines then went on to be featured on the John Peel show in May and August 1977, early in 1977, Stiff Records picked up speed, signing Wreckless Eric, Ian Dury, and Elvis Costello. Bigger sales followed, and a deal with Island Records. A similar deal with CBS Records was set up for Stiff releases in the United States, rivieras departure coincided with the end of the 5 Live Stiffs Tour, which showcased emerging star Ian Dury. Durys album New Boots & Panties had raced up the charts and its sales kept the label in business over the following months, in 1979, Robinson signed Madness, whose considerable commercial success, both in Britain and abroad, would keep Stiff afloat for several years. Stiff expanded rapidly and moved its premises twice and it also continued to release dozens of obscure and uncommercial releases. At the end of 1983, Island Records bought 50% of Stiff, Island was very short of money at the time and Robinson had to lend it £1,000,000 to fund the share purchase and pay the payroll. Nonetheless, Robinson led Island through their best year ever, with, among others releases by Frankie Goes to Hollywood, Legend by Bob Marley, Stiff signed The Pogues, but then Madness left under a cloud. The Island deal failed and Dave Robinson regained control of the independent label in 1985. Warner Music Group holds the currently to Stiffs masters and most are reissued through Rhino Entertainment. In 2007, ZTT and its parent company SPZ Group reactivated the label, Stiff quickly broke one of the UKs hottest new indie acts, The Enemy. It then released a string of well-received albums of new work from legacy Stiff artists, including as Wreckless Eric, Henry Priestman, Any Trouble, brand new acts signed to the label included The Tranzmitors and Eskimo Disco. Swedish designer Tobbe Stuhre was appointed official Stiff Records designer, in 2008, Union Square Music released The Big Stiff Box Set. This detailed catalogue release contained 98 tracks across four CDs and the 100-page The Big Stiff Book by music journalist and Stiff expert, Robinson and Riviera had arranged package tours ‒ such as the 1975 Naughty Rhythms tour ‒ for acts they managed before forming Stiff. Having signed all the artists as individuals, bands had to be formed in order to tour
Stiff Records
–
Stiff Records
Stiff Records
–
The classic Stiff Records logo
Stiff Records
–
A 2nd version of the classic Stiff Records logo
3.
Island
–
An island or isle is any piece of sub-continental land that is surrounded by water. Very small islands such as emergent land features on atolls can be called islets, skerries, an island in a river or a lake island may be called an eyot or ait, and a small island off the coast may be called a holm. A grouping of geographically or geologically related islands is called an archipelago, an island may be described as such, despite the presence of an artificial land bridge, examples are Singapore and its causeway, and the various Dutch delta islands, such as IJsselmonde. There are two types of islands in the sea, continental and oceanic. The word island derives from Middle English iland, from Old English igland, Old English ieg is actually a cognate of Swedish ö and German Aue, and related to Latin aqua. There is a difference between islands and continents in terms of geology, continents sit on continental lithosphere which is part of tectonic plates floating high on Earths mantle. Oceanic crust is also part of tectonic plates, but it is denser than continental lithosphere, Islands are either extensions of the oceanic crust or geologically they are part of some continent sitting on continental lithosphere. This holds true for Australia, which sits on its own continental lithosphere, continental islands are bodies of land that lie on the continental shelf of a continent. A special type of island is the microcontinental island, which is created when a continent is rifted. Examples are Madagascar and Socotra off Africa, the Kerguelen Islands, New Caledonia, New Zealand, another subtype is an island or bar formed by deposition of tiny rocks where water current loses some of its carrying capacity. While some are transitory and may disappear if the volume or speed of the current changes, others are stable, oceanic islands are islands that do not sit on continental shelves. The vast majority are volcanic in origin, such as Saint Helena in the South Atlantic Ocean, the few oceanic islands that are not volcanic are tectonic in origin and arise where plate movements have lifted up the ocean floor above the surface. Examples are Saint Peter and Paul Rocks in the Atlantic Ocean, one type of volcanic oceanic island is found in a volcanic island arc. These islands arise from volcanoes where the subduction of one plate under another is occurring, examples are the Aleutian Islands, the Mariana Islands, and most of Tonga in the Pacific Ocean. The only examples in the Atlantic Ocean are some of the Lesser Antilles, another type of volcanic oceanic island occurs where an oceanic rift reaches the surface. There are two examples, Iceland, which is the second largest volcanic island, and Jan Mayen. A third type of oceanic island is formed over volcanic hotspots. A hotspot is more or less stationary relative to the tectonic plate above it
Island
–
Atafu atoll in Tokelau
Island
–
São Miguel Island, in
Azores archipelago, is also referred as "The Green Island".
Island
–
A small
Fijian island
Island
–
The
British Isles are a large group of islands. The main islands include
Great Britain and
Ireland.
4.
Chameleon
–
Chameleons or chamaeleons are a distinctive and highly specialized clade of Old World lizards with 202 species described as of June 2015. These species come in a range of colors, and many species have the ability to change color, Chameleons are distinguished by their zygodactylous feet, their very extensive, highly modified, rapidly extrudable tongues, their swaying gait, and crests or horns on their brow and snout. Most species, the ones in particular, also have a prehensile tail. Chameleons eyes are independently mobile, but in aiming at an item, they focus forward in coordination. Chameleons are adapted for climbing and visual hunting and they live in warm habitats that range from rain forest to desert conditions, with various species occurring in Africa, Madagascar, southern Europe, and across southern Asia as far as Sri Lanka. They also have introduced to Hawaii, California, and Florida. The English word chameleon is a spelling of Latin chamaeleōn, a borrowing of the Greek χαμαιλέων. The Greek word is a calque translating the Akkadian nēš qaqqari, the family Chamaeleonidae was divided into two subfamilies, Brookesiinae and Chamaeleoninae, by Klaver and Böhme in 1986. In 2015, however, Glaw reworked the subfamilial division by placing only the genera Brookesia and Palleon within the Brookesiinae subfamily, some chameleon species are able to change their skin coloration. Different chameleon species are able to vary their coloration and pattern through combinations of pink, blue, red, orange, green, black, brown, light blue, yellow, turquoise, and purple. Chameleon skin has a layer which contains pigments, and under the layer are cells with guanine crystals. Chameleons change color by changing the space between the crystals, which changes the wavelength of light reflected off the crystals which changes the color of the skin. Color change in chameleons has functions in camouflage, but most commonly in social signaling and in reactions to temperature, the relative importance of these functions varies with the circumstances, as well as the species. Color change signals a chameleons physiological condition and intentions to other chameleons, Chameleons tend to show brighter colors when displaying aggressively to other chameleons, and darker colors when they submit or give up. Some species, such as Smiths dwarf chameleon, adjust their colors for camouflage in accordance with the vision of the predator species by which they are being threatened. It may show both colors at the time, neatly separated left from right by the spine. For a long time it was thought that chameleons change color by dispersion of pigment-containing organelles within their skin, however, research conducted in 2014 on panther chameleons has shown that pigment movement only represents part of the story. Chameleons have two superimposed layers within their skin that control their color and thermoregulation, exciting the lattice increases the distance between the nanocrystals, and the skin reflects longer wavelengths of light
Chameleon
–
Chameleon Temporal range:
Middle Paleocene -
Holocene
Chameleon
–
Mughal era painting of a Chameleon by
Ustad Mansur.
Chameleon
–
This
common chameleon (Chamaeleo chamaeleon) turned black.
Chameleon
–
Namaqua chameleon in
threat display,
Namib-Naukluft National Park, turned black and opened its mouth, when an attempt was made to move it off a busy road.
5.
Shane MacGowan
–
Shane Patrick Lysaght MacGowan is an Irish-British musician and singer, best known as the lead singer and songwriter of Celtic trad punk band the Pogues. MacGowan was born on Christmas Day in Pembury, Kent, England, in 1957, MacGowan spent his early childhood in County Tipperary, Ireland, before his family moved back to England when he was six and a half. He has lived in parts of the south-east, including Brighton and London. MacGowans father, Maurice, worked for a department store, macGowans mother, Therese, was a singer and traditional Irish dancer, and had worked as a model in Dublin. In 1971, after attending Holmewood House School at Langton Green, Tunbridge Wells and he was found in possession of drugs and was expelled in his second year. MacGowan got his first taste of fame in 1976 at a concert by British punk band The Clash, a photographer snapped a picture of him covered in blood and it made the papers, with the headline Cannibalism at Clash Gig. Shortly after this, he formed his own rock band, The Nipple Erectors. MacGowan drew upon his Irish heritage when founding The Pogues and changed his early punk voice for an authentic sound with tutoring from his extended family. Many of his songs are influenced by Irish nationalism, Irish history, the experiences of the Irish in London and the United States and these influences are documented in the biography, Rake at the Gates of Hell, Shane MacGowan in Context. MacGowan has often cited the 19th-century Irish poet James Clarence Mangan, between 1985 and 1987, he co-wrote Fairytale of New York, which he performed with Kirsty MacColl. In the coming years MacGowan and The Pogues released several albums, in 1997, MacGowan appeared on Lou Reeds Perfect Day, covered by numerous artists in aid of Children in Need. It was the UKs number one single for three weeks, in two separate spells, selling over a million copies, the record contributed £2,125,000 to the charitys highest fundraising total in six years. From December 2003 up to May 2005, Shane MacGowan & The Popes toured extensively in UK/Ireland/Europe, in 2010, MacGowan offered a piece of unusual art to the ISPCC to auction off to support their services to children. It ended up fetching €1,602 for the charity, in May 2005, MacGowan rejoined The Pogues permanently. In 2005, The Pogues re-released Fairytale of New York to raise funds for the Justice For Kirsty Campaign, the single was the best-selling festive-themed single of 2005, reaching number 2 in the UK Charts. In 2006, he was voted 50th in the NME Rock Heroes List and he has been seen many times with The Libertines and Babyshambles singer Pete Doherty. MacGowan has joined Babyshambles on stage, strummer occasionally joined MacGowan and The Pogues on stage. MacGowan is the subject of books and paintings
Shane MacGowan
–
Shane MacGowan at an early 1990s
Womad festival in
Yokohama, Japan
Shane MacGowan
–
Boy From The County Hell by
Brian Whelan
6.
Spider Stacy
–
Peter Richard “Spider” Stacy is an English musician, singer, songwriter, and actor. He is best known for playing tin whistle and sometimes singing for The Pogues, Stacy left school at 16 after failing to attend regularly, and had a few jobs, including working at a carwash and as a used car salesman for nearly two years. One of Stacys early bands was The Millwall Chainsaws, which Spider describes as more of an idea than an actual band, the band featured Stacy on vocals and Shane MacGowan on guitar. Stacy and MacGowan had met at The Roundhouse at a Ramones concert that also featured The Saints and they played some Irish rebel songs, later renaming themselves the New Republicans. This band would form the genesis of The Pogues. Stacy had heard a good deal of Irish music growing up in London, Stacy co-founded The Pogues, along with MacGowan, Jem Finer, and James Fearnley, and appeared on all of their recordings. He is credited with suggesting the original name, Pogue Mahone, which is Irish for “kiss my arse. ”The band’s original intent was for MacGowan and Stacy to share vocal duties. Stacy still frequently contributed backing vocals and occasional lead vocals throughout his tenure with the band. In addition, he is known for sometimes banging a pub tray against his head for percussive effect, after Shane MacGowan was fired from the The Pogues in 1991, Joe Strummer filled in for him for a short period after which Stacy assumed the role of lead vocalist. The Pogues recorded two albums with Stacy on lead vocals, Waiting for Herb, and Pogue Mahone, Stacy resumed his original role in the band since they began performing reunion shows in 2001. Stacy has appeared in live performances and on recordings with many fellow musicians, including Astral Social Club, Filthy Thievin Bastards. In 2005, Stacy performed two songs, including “Joe Hill, ” with Patti Smith at the Meltdown festival, in 2007, he appeared on The Dropkick Murphys’ version of “Flannigan’s Ball” with Ronnie Drew of The Dubliners. Stacy has appeared in movies and television productions over his career, including the Alex Cox films Straight to Hell and Walker. Most recently, he appeared as “Slim Jim” Lynch in two seasons of the HBO series Treme, the series, which is set in New Orleans, was co-created by The Wire creator David Simon. Several Pogues songs had been featured on The Wire, and Stacy was introduced to both Simon and The Wire/Treme writer and novelist George Pelecanos backstage after a Pogues performance in D. C. Stacy’s friendship with Pelecanos later led to a 2009 performance featuring him and The Pogues at The Boogaloo, Pelecanos read excerpts from his new novel, The Way Home, followed by The Pogues’ first pub performance since 1983. In 2010, Stacy and his wife purchased a home in New Orleans, where they currently live
Spider Stacy
7.
Jem Finer
–
Jeremy Max Jem Finer is an English musician, artist and composer. He was one of the members of The Pogues. Finer was born in Stoke-on-Trent, England, the son of political scientist Samuel Finer and he took a joint degree in computing and sociology at Keele University. After college he travelled around Europe and spent some time working on a barge in France and he settled in London, where he met Shane MacGowan, Spider Stacy, and James Fearnley with whom he founded The Pogues. He has worked in a variety of fields, including photography, film, experimental and popular music, primarily a banjoist, he also plays other instruments, including mandola, saxophone, hurdy-gurdy and the guitar. Apart from Shane MacGowan, Finer was the most prolific composer for the band and he appeared on all the bands albums until their breakup in 1996, he was one of only three original members. During that time he appeared on MacGowans solo album The Snake and The Levellers self-titled release, he continued working as a musician. Longplayer represents a convergence of many of his concerns, particularly relating to systems. He has written articles on copyright and the Creative Commons License and his proposal read, The countryside is shot through with holes in the ground, wells, mine shafts, fissures, bunkers, ventilation holes. In this piece of music the venue is a shaft in which there will be placed, at different heights, bowls of different sizes and tunings pivoted about their centre of gravity. The players, the drips of water, will strike the bowls, as they fill with water their timbres will change, and the delicate equilibrium of their pivots will cause them to sway slightly, modulating the tones. Overflowing, a bowl will drip into ones below it, amplification will be facilitated by a tube rising up from within the shaft, into a brass horn twenty feet above the surface. Akin to the tube in the suikinkutsu, the horn not only amplifies the sounds but forms a sculptural object. The work was constructed and installed in Kings Wood near Challock, in March 2012 Mobile Sinfonia, a global composition for ringtones was launched, developed during a year spent as a non-resident artist at the University of Bath. This piece concerns mutual invasion of soundscape via ringtones and he later received an honorary doctorate from Bath. Visionary Seascapes, a new LP made with Andrew Kötting, based on Finers soundtrack for Köttings film Swandown, will be released in the summer of 2013
Jem Finer
–
Jem Finer in
transmediale 10
8.
James Fearnley
–
James Fearnley is an English musician. He plays accordion in the folk/punk band The Pogues, as a child he was a choir treble before his voice changed at the age of sixteen. He took piano lessons but did not enjoy it, so he chose to learn the guitar instead and he played with the singer Nik Wade and later with a group called The Mixers, a band based in Teddington. Fearnley became the guitarist in the last edition of Shane MacGowans band The Nipple Erectors, the group then consisted of Shane MacGowan on vocals, Shanne Bradley on bass and Jon Moss on drums. When The Nips disbanded at the end of 1980, Fearnley joined the soul band The Giants, Fearnley was asked by Moss if he wanted to become a permanent member of a band in which he sometimes played, Culture Club. Due to a misunderstanding, Fearnley never joined Culture Club, Fearnley sold his guitar and spent a year writing a novel. In 1982, MacGowan and Jem Finer were seeking a player for their latest project. MacGowan knew that Fearnley had taken piano lessons and believed that he may have been able play the accordion too, Finer turned up at Fearnleys flat with an accordion in a laundry bag and persuaded him to give it a try. Fearnley was nicknamed maestro because he could tune the instruments, in 1989, he married actress Danielle von Zerneck and moved to Los Angeles, California. Fearnley left The Pogues in 1994 due to the heavy touring schedule. He rejoined the band following its reunion in 2001 and he was a founding member of The Low And Sweet Orchestra, which released their debut album of spaghetti western-styled ballads Goodbye To All That in 1996. This group consisted of former Thelonious Monster vocalist Mike Martt, Circle Jerks Zander Schloss, Fearnley has appeared as a guest musician on albums with Talking Heads, David Byrne, Julia Fordham, Steve Earle and Melissa Etheridge among other. In 1995 he wrote the score for the film, Gods Lonely Man, Fearnley plays accordion, guitar, foot-operated snare drum and sings with Cranky George, a band of one-man-bands with Dermot Mulroney, Kieran Mulroney and Brad Wood and Sebastian Sheehan. On 12 January 2012, he released his first single Hey Ho and it was recorded with John King of Dust Brothers. The first volume of his memoirs, Here Comes Everybody, The Story of the Pogues was published by Faber and Faber on 19 April 2012 in the UK
James Fearnley
–
James Fearnley, Zenith, Munich, 07-06-2011 with the
Pogues (photo: Zuzana Pernicová)
9.
Phil Chevron
–
Philip Ryan, professionally known as Philip Chevron, was an Irish singer-songwriter and guitarist. He was a member of The Pogues, and was regarded as one of the most influential figures in Irish punk music, Chevron grew up in Santry, a suburb of Dublin. Beginning in the late 1970s, he was singer and co-founder of the punk rock group The Radiators from Space, receiving some critical acclaim. Following a temporary breakup of the band in 1981, he lived in London for a while, meeting and befriending Shane MacGowan through time spent working together at a record shop. Following the release of the Pogues 1984 debut album Red Roses For Me, Chevron wrote the songs Thousands Are Sailing and Lorelei among others. He left The Pogues in 1994 following problems with drugs and alcohol, in 2003, he reformed The Radiators with ex-Pogues bassist Cait ORiordan. They released the album Trouble Pilgrim in 2006, in later years, he became The Pogues unofficial spokesperson and frequently visited online forums, answering questions from fans. In 2004, he oversaw the remastering and re-release of The Pogues entire back catalogue on CD and he toured regularly with The Pogues, who reunited after a reunion tour in 2001. In June 2007, The Pogues website announced that Chevron had been diagnosed with oesophageal cancer, in early 2008, the website announced that Chevron had recovered, and that his hearing had returned to almost pre-treatment levels. He embarked on the March 2008 tour of the United States, by 2009, Chevron was free of cancer. However, in May 2013, it was announced that the cancer had returned and his last public appearance was at the Olympia Theatre for a fundraiser in August of the same year. Chevron died on 8 October 2013 in Dublin at age 56. See also The Pogues and The Radiators From Space Songs From Bills Dance Hall,1245 rpm EP The Captains and The Kings,745 rpm For The Children, Includes Philip Chevron on lead vocals on title song
Phil Chevron
–
Philip Chevron, Milk club, Moscow, August 2010 with the
Pogues
10.
Joe Strummer
–
Their music also incorporated elements of reggae, ska, dub, funk, rap, and rockabilly. The Clash were one of the most prominent of the bands in the UK punk rock scene, with their second album. Soon after, they began achieving success in the US, starting with London Calling, the Clashs politicised lyrics, musical experimentation, and rebellious attitude had a far-reaching influence on rock, and alternative rock in particular. His musical experience included his membership of the 101ers, Latino Rockabilly War, the Mescaleros, Strummer is one of the iconic figures of the British punk movement. Strummer and the Clash were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in January 2003, Joe Strummer was born John Graham Mellor in Ankara, Turkey, on 21 August 1952. His mother, Anna Mackenzie, a daughter born and raised in Bonar Bridge in the Scottish Highlands, was a nurse. His father, Ronald Mellor, was a British foreign service diplomat born in Lucknow, Ronald Mellor had an Armenian maternal grandfather and a German Jewish paternal grandmother. The family spent much time moving from place to place, and Strummer spent parts of his childhood in Cairo, Mexico City. At the age of 9, Strummer and his older brother David,10, Strummer rarely saw his parents during the next seven years. T the age of nine I had to say good-bye to them because they went abroad to Africa or something, I went to boarding school and only saw them once a year after that – the Government paid for me to see my parents once a year. I was left on my own, and went to school where thick rich people sent their thick rich kids. Another perk of my fathers job – it was a job with a lot of perks – all the fees were paid by the Government and he developed a love of rock music listening to records by Little Richard and the Beach Boys as well as American folk-singer Woody Guthrie. Strummer would later say that the reason played music was the Beach Boys, by 1970 his brother David had become estranged from his family and had joined the National Front. His suicide in July profoundly affected Strummer, as did having to identify his body after it had lain undiscovered for three days, during this time, Mellor shared a flat in the north London suburb of Palmers Green with friends Clive Timperley and Tymon Dogg. In 1971 Strummer became a vegetarian and remained one until his death, in 1973 Strummer moved to Newport, Wales. He did not study at Newport College of Art but met up with musicians in the Students Union in Stow Hill and became vocalist for Flaming Youth. The Vultures included three members of Rip Off Park Rock & Roll Allstars, the original college band co-founded by Terry Earl Taylor. For the next year he was the bands singer and rhythm guitarist
Joe Strummer
–
Joe Strummer
Joe Strummer
–
Strummer, backing with the Pogues in Japan. Photo: Masao Nakagami
Joe Strummer
–
Strummer performing in Brooklyn, April 2002
Joe Strummer
–
Memorial to Strummer on 7th Street at Avenue A, New York City.
11.
James McNally (musician)
–
James McNally is a musician, composer and producer of the band Afro Celt Sound System. He was previously a member of The Pogues, Storm, and he has been nominated for a Grammy. James was born in London to Irish Parents, trained as a classical musician since the age of seven he later engaged in playing Irish music and by the age of twelve had already performed at Londons Royal Albert Hall. He went on to become an All-Ireland Champion on several Instruments and his virtuosity on stage, playing piano, bodhrán, accordion, and whistle, was such that Van Morrison called him, The Master. He has also released a solo CD out on Windham Hill Records called Everybreath
James McNally (musician)
–
James McNally (l) and
N'Faly Kouyate with
Afro Celt Sound System at
TFF Rudolstadt, 2010
12.
Ireland
–
Ireland is an island in the North Atlantic. It is separated from Great Britain to its east by the North Channel, the Irish Sea, Ireland is the second-largest island of the British Isles, the third-largest in Europe, and the twentieth-largest on Earth. Politically, Ireland is divided between the Republic of Ireland, which covers five-sixths of the island, and Northern Ireland, in 2011, the population of Ireland was about 6.4 million, ranking it the second-most populous island in Europe after Great Britain. Just under 4.6 million live in the Republic of Ireland, the islands geography comprises relatively low-lying mountains surrounding a central plain, with several navigable rivers extending inland. The island has lush vegetation, a product of its mild, thick woodlands covered the island until the Middle Ages. As of 2013, the amount of land that is wooded in Ireland is about 11% of the total, there are twenty-six extant mammal species native to Ireland. The Irish climate is moderate and classified as oceanic. As a result, winters are milder than expected for such a northerly area, however, summers are cooler than those in Continental Europe. Rainfall and cloud cover are abundant, the earliest evidence of human presence in Ireland is dated at 10,500 BC. Gaelic Ireland had emerged by the 1st century CE, the island was Christianised from the 5th century onward. Following the Norman invasion in the 12th century, England claimed sovereignty over Ireland, however, English rule did not extend over the whole island until the 16th–17th century Tudor conquest, which led to colonisation by settlers from Britain. In the 1690s, a system of Protestant English rule was designed to materially disadvantage the Catholic majority and Protestant dissenters, with the Acts of Union in 1801, Ireland became a part of the United Kingdom. Northern Ireland saw much civil unrest from the late 1960s until the 1990s and this subsided following a political agreement in 1998. In 1973 the Republic of Ireland joined the European Economic Community while the United Kingdom, Irish culture has had a significant influence on other cultures, especially in the fields of literature. Alongside mainstream Western culture, an indigenous culture exists, as expressed through Gaelic games, Irish music. The culture of the island shares many features with that of Great Britain, including the English language, and sports such as association football, rugby, horse racing. The name Ireland derives from Old Irish Eriu and this in turn derives from Proto-Celtic *Iveriu, which is also the source of Latin Hibernia. Iveriu derives from a root meaning fat, prosperous, during the last glacial period, and up until about 9000 years ago, most of Ireland was covered with ice, most of the time
Ireland
–
Satellite image of Ireland on 11 October 2010
Ireland
–
The
Gowran Ogham Stone,
Christianised c.6th Century. On display in
St. Mary's Collegiate Church Gowran.
Ireland
–
The Uragh Stone Circle a
Neolithic stone circle in Gleninchaquin Park,
County Kerry
13.
Punk rock
–
Punk rock is a rock music genre that developed in the early to mid-1970s in the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia. Rooted in 1960s garage rock and other forms of what is now known as proto-punk music, Punk bands typically produced short or fast-paced songs, with hard-edged melodies and singing styles, stripped-down instrumentation, and often political, anti-establishment lyrics. Punk embraces a DIY ethic, many bands self-produce recordings and distribute them through informal channels, the term punk was first used in relation to rock music by some American critics in the early 1970s, to describe garage bands and their devotees. The following year saw punk rock spreading around the world, for the most part, punk took root in local scenes that tended to reject association with the mainstream. An associated punk subculture emerged, expressing youthful rebellion and characterized by distinctive styles of clothing and adornment, by the beginning of the 1980s, faster, more aggressive styles such as hardcore and street punk had become the predominant mode of punk rock. Musicians identifying with or inspired by punk also pursued a range of other variations, giving rise to post-punk. At the end of the 20th century, punk rock had been adopted by the mainstream, as pop punk and punk bands such as Green Day. The first wave of rock was aggressively modern, distancing itself from the bombast. According to Ramones drummer Tommy Ramone, In its initial form, unfortunately, what happens is that people who could not hold a candle to the likes of Hendrix started noodling away. Soon you had endless solos that went nowhere, by 1973, I knew that what was needed was some pure, stripped down, no bullshit rock n roll. In critic Robert Christgaus description, It was also a subculture that rejected the political idealism. Technical accessibility and a DIY spirit are prized in punk rock, in the early days of punk rock, this ethic stood in marked contrast to what those in the scene regarded as the ostentatious musical effects and technological demands of many mainstream rock bands. Musical virtuosity was often looked on with suspicion, according to Holmstrom, punk rock was rock and roll by people who didnt have very many skills as musicians but still felt the need to express themselves through music. In December 1976, the English fanzine Sideburns published an illustration of three chords, captioned This is a chord, this is another, this is a third. The title of a 1980 single by the New York punk band Stimulators, inscribed a catchphrase for punks basic musical approach. The previous year, when the rock revolution began in Great Britain, was to be both a musical and a cultural Year Zero. As a Clash associate describes singer Joe Strummers outlook, Punk rock is meant to be our freedom, were meant to be able to do what we want to do. Scholar Daniel S. Traber argues that attaining authenticity in the identity can be difficult, as the punk scene matured, he observes
Punk rock
–
The
Ramones ' 1976
debut album laid down the musical "blueprint for punk", while its cover image had a similarly formative influence on punk visual style.
Punk rock
–
Johnny Rotten and Steve Jones of the Sex Pistols
Punk rock
–
The Clash, performing in 1980
Punk rock
–
British punks, circa 1986
14.
Kings Cross, London
–
London Kings Cross is an inner city area of London, England,2.5 miles north of Charing Cross. It is the location and namesake of London Kings Cross railway station, the area was previously a village known as Battle Bridge or Battlebridge which was an ancient crossing of the River Fleet. The original name of the bridge was Broad Ford Bridge, the corruption Battle Bridge led to a tradition that this was the site of a major battle in AD60 or 61 between the Romans and the Iceni tribe led by Boudica. Lewis Spences 1937 book Boadicea – warrior queen of the Britons includes a map showing the positions of the opposing armies. The suggestion that Boudica is buried beneath platform 9 or 10 at London Kings Cross Station seems to have arisen as urban folklore since the end of World War II. The area had settled in Roman times, and a camp here, known as The Brill was erroneously attributed to Julius Caesar. The name is commemorated in two streets lying behind Kings Cross and St Pancras stations, St Pancras Old Church, also set behind the stations, is said to be one of the oldest Christian sites in Britain. The current name has its origin in a monument to King George IV which stood in the area from 1830 to 1845 and it was built at the crossroads of Grays Inn Road, Pentonville Road and New Road, which later became Euston Road. It was sixty feet high and topped by a statue of the king. The statue itself, which cost no more than £25, was constructed of bricks and mortar, the architect was Stephen Geary, who exhibited a model of the Kings Cross at the Royal Academy in 1830. The upper storey was used as a camera obscura while the base in turn housed a police station, the unpopular building was demolished in 1845, though the area has kept the name of Kings Cross. A structure in the form of a lighthouse was built on top of a building almost on the site about 30 years later. Known locally as the Lighthouse Building, the structure was thought to be an advertisement for Nettens Oyster Bar on the ground floor. It is a grade II listed building, London Kings Cross railway station now stands by the junction where the monument stood and took its name. The station, designed by architect Lewis Cubitt and opened in 1852, succeeded an earlier station. St Pancras railway station, built by the Midland Railway, lies immediately to the west and they both had extensive land to house their associated facilities for handling general goods and specialist commodities such as fish, coal, potatoes and grain. The passenger stations on Euston Road far outweighed in public attention the economically important goods traffic to the north. Kings Cross and St Pancras stations, and indeed all London railway stations, after World War II the area declined from being a poor but busy industrial and distribution services district to a partially abandoned post-industrial district
Kings Cross, London
–
Model showing the current redevelopment of the Kings Cross area with the new
High Speed 1 terminal behind the barrel vaulted St Pancras station on the left.
Kings Cross, London
–
The Platform 9 3 ⁄ 4 sign at King's Cross Railway Station
Kings Cross, London
–
Districts
15.
Tin whistle
–
It is a type of fipple flute, putting it in the same class as the recorder, Native American flute, and other woodwind instruments that meet such criteria. A tin whistle player is called a tin whistler or simply a whistler, the tin whistle is closely associated with Celtic music. The tin whistle in its form is from a wider family of fipple flutes which have been seen in many forms. In Europe such instruments have a long and distinguished history and take various forms, most widely known of these are the recorder, tin whistle, Flabiol, Txistu and tabor pipe. Almost all primitive cultures had a type of flute and is most likely the first pitched flute type instrument in existence. A possible Neanderthal fipple flute from Slovenia dates from 81, 000-53,000 B. C. a German flute from 35,000 years ago, written sources that describe a fipple-type flute include the Roman and Greek aulos and tibia. In the early Middle Ages peoples of northern Europe were playing the instrument as seen in 3rd-century British bone flutes, and Irish Brehon Law describes flute like instrument. The term flageolet is still preferred by modern tin whistle who feel this better describes the instrument, as this characterises a wide variety of fipple flutes. Down to 1900, they were marketed as Clarke London Flageolets or Clarke Flageolets. The whistles fingering system is similar to that of the six hole, simple system English flutes, the six hole, diatonic system is also used on baroque flutes, and was of course well known before Robert Clarke began producing his tin whistles. Clarkes first whistle, the Meg, was pitched in high A and was made in other keys suitable for Victorian parlour music. The company showed the whistles in The Great Exhibition of 1851, the Clark tin whistle is voiced somewhat on an organ-pipe with a flattened tube forming the lip of the fipple mouthpiece and is usually made from rolled tin sheet or brass. Manufactured tin whistles became available no earlier than 1840, and were mass-produced, as the penny whistle was generally considered a toy it has been suggested that children or street musicians were paid a penny by those who heard them playing the whistle. However, in reality the instrument was so called because it could be purchased for a penny, the name tin-whistle was also coined as early as 1825. But neither the tin whistle nor the penny whistle name seems to have been common until the 20th century, the instrument became popular in several musical traditions namely, English, Scottish, Irish and American traditional music. Due to its affordability the tin whistle was a household instrument. In the second half of the 19th century, some manufacturers such as Barnett Samuel. These had a brass tube
Tin whistle
–
Several high D tin whistles from left to right: Clarke Sweetone; Shaw (customised); O'Brien; Reyburn; Generation (customised); Copeland; Overton
Tin whistle
–
Young man demonstrating the use of a tin whistle.
16.
Banjo
–
The banjo is a four-, five- or six-stringed instrument with a thin membrane stretched over a frame or cavity as a resonator, called the head. The membrane, or head, is made of plastic, although animal skin is still occasionally but rarely used. Early forms of the instrument were fashioned by Africans in America, the banjo is frequently associated with country, folk, Irish traditional and bluegrass music. Historically, the banjo occupied a place in African American traditional music. The banjo, with the fiddle, is a mainstay of American old-time music and it is also very frequently used in Traditional Jazz. The modern banjo derives from instruments that had used in the Caribbean since the 17th century by enslaved people taken from West Africa. Written references to the banjo in North America appear in the 18th century, the etymology of the name banjo is uncertain. The word could have come from the Yoruba word Bami jo and it may derive from the Kimbundu word mbanza. A Banza, a five double string courses Portuguese viuhela with two short strings, mbanza is a string African instrument that has been built after the Portuguese Banza. Banza is quite similar to Banjo, various instruments in Africa, chief among them the kora, feature a skin head and gourd body. Banjos with fingerboards and tuning pegs are known from the Caribbean as early as the 17th century, 18th- and early 19th-century writers transcribed the name of these instruments variously as bangie, banza, bonjaw, banjer and banjar. Instruments similar to the banjo have been played in many countries, another likely relative of the banjo is the akonting, a spike folk lute played by the Jola tribe of Senegambia, and the ubaw-akwala of the Igbo. Early, African-influenced banjos were built around a body and a wooden stick neck. These instruments had varying numbers of strings, though often including some form of drone, the five-string banjo was popularized by Joel Walker Sweeney, an American minstrel performer from Appomattox Court House, Virginia. In the 1830s Sweeney became the first white performer to play the banjo on stage and his version of the instrument replaced the gourd with a drum-like sound box and included four full-length strings alongside a short fifth string. This new banjo was at first tuned dGdf♯a, though by the 1890s this had been transposed up to gcgbd, Banjos were introduced in Britain by Sweeneys group, the American Virginia Minstrels, in the 1840s, and became very popular in music halls. In the Antebellum South, many black slaves played the banjo, two techniques closely associated with the five-string banjo are rolls and drones. Rolls are right hand fingering pattern that consist of eight notes that subdivide each measure
Banjo
–
A five-string bluegrass banjo
Banjo
–
Open strings and highest note of a standard-tuned five-string bluegrass banjo.
Banjo
–
A five-string banjo.
Banjo
–
Plectrum banjo from Gold Tone
17.
Cittern
–
The cittern or cithren is a stringed instrument dating from the Renaissance. Modern scholars debate its exact history, but it is accepted that it is descended from the Medieval citole. It looks much like the modern-day flat-back mandolin and the modern Irish bouzouki and its flat-back design was simpler and cheaper to construct than the lute. It was also easier to play, smaller, less delicate, played by all classes, the cittern was a premier instrument of casual music-making much as is the guitar today. The cittern is one of the few metal-strung instruments known from the Renaissance period and it generally has four courses of strings, one or more course being usually tuned in octaves, though instruments with more or fewer courses were made. The tuning and narrow range allow the player a number of chord shapes useful for both simple song accompaniment and dances, however much more complex music was written for it. Its bright and cheerful timbre make it a valuable counterpoint to gut-strung instruments, the Spanish bandurria, still used today, is a similar instrument. DUMAIN, The head of a bodkin, BIRON, A Deaths face in a ring. The leading 18th century Swedish songwriter Carl Michael Bellman played mostly on the cittern, in Germany the cittern survives under the names Waldzither and Lutherzither. The last name comes from the belief that Martin Luther played this instrument, also, the names Thüringer Waldzither in Thüringer Wald, Harzzither in the Harz mountains, Halszither in German-speaking Switzerland are used. There is a tendency in modern German to interchange the words for cittern, the term waldzither came into use around 1900, to distinguish citterns from zithers. The cittern family survives as the Corsican cetara and the Portuguese guitar, the guitarra portuguesa is typically used to play the popular traditional music known as fado. Chitarra Italiana Cithara Italica English guitar Stringed instrument tunings Gregory Doc Rossi Martina Rosenberger Musics Delight on the Cithren, John Playford. Renovata Cythara, The Renaissance Cittern Pages Stefan Sobell website G.1550 at the National Music Museum Decorated Cittern by Joachim Tielke, Hamburg, ca.1685 at The Metropolitan Museum of Art
Cittern
–
"Woman with cittern", canvas painted 1677 by
Pieter van Slingelandt (ca. 1630-1691).
Cittern
–
Hamburger Waldzither, c. 1920
Cittern
–
A modern cittern made by Lawrence Nyberg of British Columbia, Canada 2003
18.
Mandolin
–
A mandolin is a musical instrument in the lute family and is usually plucked with a plectrum or pick. It commonly has four courses of doubled metal strings tuned in unison, although five, the courses are normally tuned in a succession of perfect fifths. It is the member of a family that includes the mandola, octave mandolin, mandocello. There are many styles of mandolin, but three are common, the Neapolitan or round-backed mandolin, the mandolin and the flat-backed mandolin. The round-back has a bottom, constructed of strips of wood. The carved-top or arch-top mandolin has a shallower, arched back. The flat-backed mandolin uses thin sheets of wood for the body, each style of instrument has its own sound quality and is associated with particular forms of music. Neapolitan mandolins feature prominently in European classical music and traditional music, carved-top instruments are common in American folk music and bluegrass music. Flat-backed instruments are used in Irish, British and Brazilian folk music. Some modern Brazilian instruments feature a fifth course tuned a fifth lower than the standard fourth course. There has also been a type and an instrument with sixteen-strings. Much of mandolin development revolved around the soundboard, pre-mandolin instruments were quiet instruments, strung with as many as six courses of gut strings, and were plucked with the fingers or with a quill. However, modern instruments are louder—using four courses of metal strings, the modern soundboard is designed to withstand the pressure of metal strings that would break earlier instruments. The soundboard comes in many shapes—but generally round or teardrop-shaped, sometimes with scrolls or other projections, there is usually one or more sound holes in the soundboard, either round, oval, or shaped like a calligraphic f. A round or oval sound hole may be covered or bordered with decorative rosettes or purfling, Mandolins evolved from the lute family in Italy during the 17th and 18th centuries, and the deep bowled mandolin, produced particularly in Naples, became common in the 19th century. Dating to around c.13,000 BC, a painting in the Trois Frères cave in France depicts what some believe is a musical bow. From the musical bow, families of stringed instruments developed, since each string played a note, adding strings added new notes, creating bow harps, harps. In turn, this led to being able to play dyads and chords, another innovation occurred when the bow harp was straightened out and a bridge used to lift the strings off the stick-neck, creating the lute
Mandolin
–
An American A-style left-handed mandolin, with F-holes
Mandolin
–
Modern Neapolitan bowlback mandolin manufactured by the
Calace family workshop.
Mandolin
–
Mandolin with six courses of strings (2 strings per course), labeled Milanese at the museum.
Mandolin
–
Advertisement for a Lyon and Healy made, Washburn brand mandolin from an 1897 short-stories magazine, The Black Cat.
19.
Accordion
–
Accordions are a family of box-shaped musical instruments of the bellows-driven free-reed aerophone type, colloquially referred to as a squeezebox. A person who plays the accordion is called an accordionist, the concertina and bandoneón are related, the harmonium and American reed organ are in the same family. The instrument is played by compressing or expanding the bellows while pressing buttons or keys, causing pallets to open and these vibrate to produce sound inside the body. Valves on opposing reeds of each note are used to make the instruments reeds sound louder without air leaking from each reed block. The performer normally plays the melody on buttons or keys on the manual. The accordion is widely spread across the world, nevertheless, in Europe and North America, some popular music acts also make use of the instrument. Additionally, the accordion is used in cajun, zydeco, jazz music. The piano accordion is the official city instrument of San Francisco, the oldest name for this group of instruments is harmonika, from the Greek harmonikos, meaning harmonic, musical. Today, native versions of the accordion are more common. These names refer to the type of accordion patented by Cyrill Demian, accordions have many configurations and types. Similar to a bow, the production of sound in an accordion is in direct proportion to the motion of the player. The bellows is located between the right- and left-hand manuals, and is made from pleated layers of cloth and cardboard, with added leather and metal. It is used to pressure and vacuum, driving air across the internal reeds and producing sound by their vibration. These boxes house reed chambers for the right- and left-hand manuals, each side has grilles in order to facilitate the transmission of air in and out of the instrument, and to allow the sound to better project. The grille for the manual is usually larger and is often shaped for decorative purposes. The right-hand manual is used for playing the melody and the left-hand manual for playing the accompaniment. The manual mechanism of the instrument either enables the air flow, or disables it, the different types have varying components. All instruments have reed ranks of some format, the most typical accordion is the piano accordion, which is used for many musical genres
Accordion
–
A
piano accordion (top) and a
Russian bayan (bottom)
Accordion
–
The Brazilian
Forró Accordionist
Dominguinhos
Accordion
–
A
Weltmeister piano accordion
Accordion
–
Accordion
reed ranks with closeup of reeds
20.
Flogging Molly
–
Flogging Molly is an Irish-American seven-piece Celtic punk band from Los Angeles, California and led by Irish vocalist Dave King, formerly of the hard rock band Fastway. They are signed to their own label, Borstal Beat Records. He later fronted a rock band called Katmandu, featuring Mandy Meyer of Krokus on guitars. King negotiated out of his deal to go his own way musically soon after. In 1993, King met guitarist Ted Hutt, bassist Jeff Peters and they began to play a mix of Irish traditional and rock. Putting Daves poetic lyrics to rocking melodies, they played at a Los Angeles pub called Molly Malones weekly, building a small, together, they wrote songs such as Black Friday Rule and Selfish Man, which was the beginning of Flogging Mollys sound. Ted and Jeff then left Flogging Molly because a band of theirs received a record deal. Dave and Bridget began to find new members and the current band was formed and they continued a routine of playing every Monday night at Molly Malones. Then 17-year-old Nathen Maxwell snuck into a show as a fan and they put out a live album, Alive Behind the Green Door in 1997. They were signed onto SideOneDummy Records after a show when the companys owners attended a concert. They have toured with the Warped Tour, Larry Kirwans American Fléadh Festival and they have sold in excess of a million and a half copies of recorded output as of December 6,2006. In March 2007, the released a exclusive EP through iTunes entitled Complete Control Sessions. The EP includes two new tracks, as well as versions of previously released songs. A year later Flogging Molly released Float, an album dubbed one of the most important CDs of the year, Flogging Molly also recognized the album as influential to their career as their first album recorded in Ireland by producer Ryan Hewitt. Fans met the release with great anticipation and enthusiasm, landing it at No.4 on the Billboard Top 200 Chart, the album includes the bands first two chart singles, Requiem for a Dying Song and Float. Another accolade came to the band in June 2009 when their album Drunken Lullabies went gold, while touring to support Float, Dave and Bridget were married in a private ceremony in Tokyo, Japan. Flogging Molly released a live DVD/CD set called Live at the Greek Theater in March 2010, the 3-disc set captures Flogging Mollys performance at the Greek Theatre on September 12,2009, and includes content spanning the bands entire catalog. The band appeared in the 2011 season premiere of Austin City Limits, on March 10,2016, the band released their first new material in 5 years, a single entitled The Hand of John L. Sullivan, honoring the Irish-American boxer of the same name
Flogging Molly
–
Flogging Molly performing live in
Baltimore, MD, in February 2010
Flogging Molly
–
Dave King performing live in Budapest - 2011
21.
Dropkick Murphys
–
The Dropkick Murphys are an American Celtic punk band formed in Quincy, Massachusetts in 1996. The 2004 single Tessie became the bands first mainstream hit and one of their biggest charting singles to date, the band is known for their loud, energetic live shows. In 2007, the band began releasing music through their own imprint label,6, giving the band their highest-charting album to date. The bands ninth album,11 Short Stories of Pain & Glory was released on January 6,2017, the band was named after Dr. John Dropkick Murphys alcohol-detoxification facility. The Dropkick Murphys, first started playing in the basement of a barbershop and soon began to tour. They received their first big break when The Mighty Mighty Bosstones selected them as the act for their 1997 tour in support of Lets Face It. After putting out a series of EPs, they were signed by Hellcat Records in 1997, in 1998 they released their first full-length album, Do or Die, which was produced by Rancids Lars Frederiksen. Lead singer Mike McColgan left the band in 1998 during the middle of a US tour with The Business, according to McColgan he wanted to follow in the footsteps of his uncle and join the Boston Fire Department, which he eventually would do in 2001. We apologize to anyone who was a fan of Mike as our singer, however contrary to popular rumor, Mike left the band because he is no longer interested in being a member of this band or the movement of which we are a part. The band goes on to explain that their music is serious to them. Even Mike felt that the band deserved a singer who was invested in the music. Mike would later return to the scene in 2003 as singer of the Street Dogs. Following McColgans departure, the searched for a replacement however were not having much luck. Barr went in to audition for the band, first performing a new song titled 10 Years of Service and was offered the job right away, Barrs first release with the band was the 19987 single for Curse of a Fallen Soul. On March 9,1999, the released their second studio album and first with Barr. The album featured more of a punk sound closer to that of Barrs former band, The Bruisers. The band gained their first mainstream exposure when the video for their single 10 Years of Service received airplay on the MTV show 120 Minutes, the band set out on a year-long tour to support the album. In late 1999, the band along with The Business, released a single titled
Dropkick Murphys
–
Dropkick Murphys at
ShamrockFest in 2011
Dropkick Murphys
–
Ken Casey in front of the crowd, 2007
Dropkick Murphys
–
James Lynch playing guitar in 2007
Dropkick Murphys
–
During the band's 2010 tour, a special pirate-themed backdrop was unfurled during the encore performance of "
I'm Shipping Up to Boston ".
22.
Ramones
–
The Ramones were an American punk rock band that formed in the New York City neighborhood of Forest Hills, Queens, in 1974. They are often cited as the first band to define the punk-rock sound, despite achieving only limited commercial success, the band was a major influence on the 1970s punk movement in both the United States and United Kingdom. All of the members adopted pseudonyms ending with the surname Ramone. They performed 2,263 concerts, touring virtually nonstop for 22 years, in 1996, after a tour with the Lollapalooza music festival, the band played a farewell concert and disbanded. By 2014, all four of the original members, lead singer Joey Ramone, bass guitarist Dee Dee Ramone, lead guitarist Johnny Ramone. In 2002, the Ramones were ranked the second-greatest band of all time by Spin magazine, on March 18,2002, the original four members and Tommys replacement on drums, Marky Ramone, were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. In 2011, the group was awarded a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award, the original members of the band met in and around the middle-class neighborhood of Forest Hills in the New York City borough of Queens. John Cummings and Thomas Erdelyi had both been in a garage band from 1965 to 1967 known as the Tangerine Puppets. They became friends with Douglas Colvin, who had moved to the area from Germany, and Jeffrey Hyman. The Ramones began taking shape in early 1974 when Cummings and Colvin invited Hyman to join them in a band, the initial line-up featured Colvin on lead vocals, rhythm and bass guitars, Cummings on lead guitar, and Hyman on drums. Hyman soon switched from drums to vocals, Colvin was the first to adopt the name Ramone, calling himself Dee Dee Ramone. He was inspired by Paul McCartneys use of the pseudonym Paul Ramon during his Silver Beetles days, Dee Dee convinced the other members to take on the name and came up with the idea of calling the band the Ramones. Hyman and Cummings became Joey and Johnny Ramone, respectively, a friend of the band, Monte A. Melnick, helped to arrange rehearsal time for them at Manhattans Performance Studios, where he worked. Johnnys former bandmate Erdelyi was set to become their manager, soon after the band was formed, Dee Dee realized that he could not sing and play his bass guitar simultaneously, with Erdelyis encouragement, Joey became the bands new lead singer. Dee Dee would continue, however, to count off each songs tempo with his signature shout of 1-2-3-4. Joey soon similarly realized that he could not sing and play drums simultaneously, while auditioning prospective replacements, Erdelyi would often take to the drums and demonstrate how to play the songs. It became apparent that he was able to perform the music better than anyone else. The Ramones played before an audience for the first time on March 30,1974, the songs they played were very fast and very short, most clocked in at under two minutes
Ramones
–
Ramones in concert, 1980
Ramones
–
Forest Hills High School, attended by the four original members of the Ramones
Ramones
–
April 1976 issue of
Punk. The cover image of Joey, by Punk cofounder
John Holmstrom, was inspired by the work of comic book artist
Will Eisner. Holmstrom would go on to do album art for
Rocket to Russia and
Road to Ruin.
Ramones
–
Ramones in 1977
23.
The Roundhouse
–
The Roundhouse is a performing arts and concert venue situated at the Grade II* listed former railway engine shed in Chalk Farm, London, England. It was originally built in 1847 by the London and North Western Railway as a roundhouse, a building containing a railway turntable. After being used as a warehouse for a number of years and it reopened twenty-five years later, in 1964, as a performing arts venue, when the playwright Arnold Wesker established the Centre 42 Theatre Company and adapted the building as a theatre. The Greater London Council ceded control of the building to the Camden London Borough Council in 1983, by that time, Centre 42 had run out of funds and the building remained unused until a local businessman purchased the building in 1996 and performing arts shows returned. It was closed again in 2004 for a multi-million pound redevelopment, on 1 June 2006, the Argentine show Fuerzabruta opened at the new Roundhouse. Since 2006, Roundhouse has hosted the BBC Electric Proms and numerous iTunes Festivals, as well as ceremonies such as the BT Digital Music Awards. In 2009, Bob Dylan performed a concert, and iTunes promoted a music iTunes Festival, in line with the continuing legacy of avant-garde productions, No Fit State Circus performed Tabu during which the audience were encouraged to move around the performance space. The Roundhouse was built in 1846 as an engine shed for the London and Birmingham Railway. The original building was built by Branson & Gwyther, using designs by architects Robert B, within ten years locomotives became too long for the building to accommodate, and the Roundhouse was used for various other purposes. The longest period of use was as a warehouse for Gin distillers W & A Gilbey Ltd. This was estimated to cost between £300,000 and £600,000, and was supported by actors, playwrights, authors, musicians. In 1966 the Roundhouse became a venue, after the freehold was taken up by the then new Greater London Council. On 15 October 1966 Soft Machine and Pink Floyd appeared at the launch of the underground newspaper International Times, during the next decade the building became a significant venue for UK Underground music events Middle Earth and Implosion. Many of these were hosted and promoted by Jeff Dexter, the building was used in 1996 to film the promotional video for the Manic Street Preachers single A Design for Life prior to the start of redevelopment. Promotional videos for the singles Handbags and Gladrags by Stereophonics, the Roundhouse has also been used for theatre, and has had two periods of theatrical glory, with musicals such as Catch My Soul. Under administrator George Hoskins, the first phase also featured experimental theatre productions, such as the Living Theatre production of 1776, the once controversial nude revue Oh. Opened in July 1970, and started a run of four thousand performances in London. The Greater London Council passed the building to the Camden London Borough Council in 1983, the building lay largely empty until it was purchased for £6m in 1996 by the Norman Trust led by the philanthropist Torquil Norman
The Roundhouse
–
Roundhouse main entrance
The Roundhouse
–
The Great Circular Engine House, or the Luggage Engine House, c.1850.
The Roundhouse
–
Patti Smith performing at Roundhouse, 17 May 2007
The Roundhouse
–
The Roundhouse during renovation in 2005
24.
Red Roses for Me
–
Red Roses for Me is the debut studio album by the London-based band The Pogues and was released in October 1984. It is filled with traditional Irish music performed with punk influences, the bands approach of mixing traditional songs and ballads with frontman Shane MacGowans gutter hymns about drinking, fighting and sex was innovative at the time. The title Red Roses for Me is the name of a play by Seán OCasey, the album reached number 89 in the UK album charts. The front of the shows the band with the exception of drummer Andrew Ranken sitting in front of a picture of United States president John F. Kennedy. The back features Shane MacGowan pictured with his foot in a cast, accordion player James Fearnley has a bottle sticking out of his coat, while bass player Cait ORiordan is seen holding a can of beer. The UK music press hailed The Pogues début album as a breath of fresh air, melody Maker felt that the quality of their music, even the very nature of it, is strangely irrelevant. Whats important is their existence at all, for The Pogues are a gesture – a particularly bloody two-fingered one – aimed at all things considered current and fashionable in 1984. The raucous surge and evocative noise that has filled the capitals pubs and clubs has come through the stark sobriety of the studio set-up to arrive intact in all its sweat-soaked beer-stained glory. If you think theyve rehabilitated a music thats been asleep for a while youre dead wrong – on both counts. The music has never been away, and The Pogues in all their irreverent seriousness have taken it out on a limb, where it all started and it manages to convey the sullied, brazen and raucous spirit of their live set very effectively. For the 1994 reissue of the album Q observed that the album rushes along at an unholy amphetamine gallop and they sound utterly intoxicated both with their own enthusiasm and the spirit of the jig and the reel. Robert Christgau gave the album a B+ and proclaimed tepid it aint, in 2004 a remastered CD was issued adding a total of 6 bonus tracks to the original UK album listing. Repeal of the Licensing Laws was the B-side of The Boys from the County Hell their second single, and the Band Played Waltzing Matilda was the B-side of their first single, Dark Streets of London. Whiskey Youre the Devil and Mursheen Durkin were the B-sides of their third single, the Wild Rover was the B-side of their fourth single, Sally Maclennane
Red Roses for Me
–
Red Roses for Me
25.
The Tube (TV series)
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The Tube was a United Kingdom music television programme, which ran for five series, from 5 November 1982 to 26 April 1987. The Tube was presented live by hosts including Jools Holland, Paula Yates, Leslie Ash, Muriel Gray, Gary James, Michel Cremona, Felix Howard, Tony Fletcher, Nick Laird-Clowes, the brand name was relaunched by Channel 4 as an online radio station in November 2006. The show was directed by Gavin Taylor, Geoff Wonfor directed some of the videos along with other staff programme director of Tyne Tees Television Martin Cairns. Many other specials were made, including one for the eve of the millennium, the Tube was a showcase for many emerging 1980s bands. Artists who played on The Tube included, ABC, Art of Noise, The Assembly, The Associates, Aztec Camera, whitney Houston, XTC, Yarbrough and Peoples, Yazoo and ZZ Top. The Tube was an important outlet for the performers, and provided a point in the careers of many of them. The Jam performed on the first edition of the show in 1982, the cornerstone of the shows was the live performances from three or four bands each week. In an era where most music TV shows featured non-stop miming, during this section Yates would become known for conducting rather flirtatious interviews, in 1985, for example, she prompted Sting to remove his trousers. The supporting presenters took turns to co-present, the show usually featured four or five band appearances per week, with one main extended session to close. This ground breaking broadcast was, at the time, the longest continuous live music show in television history, Studio 5 was also used to produce a spin-off show called TX45. This show ran for two series hosted by Chris Cowey and produced by Jeff Brown and featured bands such as The Kane Gang, Caught in the Act, Secret Sam, She. The programmes theme music, the instrumental TX45, was by Sophie and Peter Johnston, based on the song of theirs, a video clip of them performing it is available. Many stars drank in the neighbouring pub The Egypt Cottage, using it as a green room, Jools Holland said A legendary amount of things happened in the Egypt Cottage, and the Rose and Crown when it was on the other side of the road. Everyone – the likes of Miles Davis, Paul McCartney – who came up for The Tube will have sat in that pub, the pub was demolished in 2009. Between 1986–87, the series had a replacement named Wired which lasted two series. In January 1987, during the series, Jools Holland used the phrase be there or be ungroovy fuckers during a live trailer for the show. The incident caused a scandal, as the trailer was transmitted at a peak childrens viewing time. Holland was reprimanded by Channel 4, as this was not the first time he had sworn on the live show
The Tube (TV series)
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The Tube
The Tube (TV series)
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'The Tube' took its name from the plastic-roofed structure that linked Tyne Tees Studio 5 to the street. This has now been demolished.
26.
Elvis Costello
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Declan Patrick MacManus, better known by his stage name Elvis Costello, is an English musician, singer-songwriter, and record producer. His critically acclaimed album, My Aim Is True, was released in 1977. Shortly after recording it, he formed the Attractions as his backing band and his second album, This Years Model, was released in 1978, and was ranked number 11 by Rolling Stone on its list of the best albums from 1967–1987. His third album, Armed Forces, was released in 1979 and his first three albums all appeared on Rolling Stones list of the 500 Greatest Albums of All Time. Costello and the Attractions toured and recorded together for the part of a decade. Much of Costellos work since has been as a solo artist, steeped in wordplay, the vocabulary of Costellos lyrics is broad. His music has drawn on many genres, one critic described him as a pop encyclopaedia. He has won awards in his career, including a Grammy Award. In 2003, Costello and the Attractions were inducted into the Rock, in 2004, Rolling Stone ranked Costello number 80 on their list of the 100 Greatest Artists of All Time. Costello has co-written several original songs for motion pictures, including God Give Me Strength from Grace of My Heart, for the latter, Costello was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Song and the Grammy Award for Best Song Written for Visual Media. Costello was born in 25 August 1954 at St Marys Hospital, London, the son of Lilian Alda and Ross MacManus, Costello lived in Twickenham, attending Archbishop Myers R. C. School, which is now St Marks Catholic Secondary School, in neighbouring Hounslow, with a musically inclined father, Costellos first broadcast recording was with his father in a television commercial for R. Whites Lemonade. His father wrote and sang the song, Costello provided backing vocals, the advertisement won a silver award at the 1974 International Advertising Festival. Costello moved with his Liverpool-born mother to Birkenhead, Cheshire, in 1971, there, he formed his first band, a folk duo called Rusty, with Allan Mayes. After completing secondary school at St. Francis Xaviers College he moved back to London where he formed a band called Flip City. They were active from 1974 through to early 1976, around this time, Costello adopted the stage name D. P. His father had performed under the name Day Costello, and Elvis has said in interviews that he took this name as a tribute to his father and he worked for a short period as a computer operator at the Midland Bank computer centre in Bootle. He continued to write songs and began looking for a recording contract
Elvis Costello
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Costello at the 2012
Riot Fest,
Chicago
Elvis Costello
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Costello performing at Glastonbury, 2005
Elvis Costello
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Costello's hand prints on the European Walk of Fame,
Rotterdam
27.
Philip Chevron
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Philip Ryan, professionally known as Philip Chevron, was an Irish singer-songwriter and guitarist. He was a member of The Pogues, and was regarded as one of the most influential figures in Irish punk music, Chevron grew up in Santry, a suburb of Dublin. Beginning in the late 1970s, he was singer and co-founder of the punk rock group The Radiators from Space, receiving some critical acclaim. Following a temporary breakup of the band in 1981, he lived in London for a while, meeting and befriending Shane MacGowan through time spent working together at a record shop. Following the release of the Pogues 1984 debut album Red Roses For Me, Chevron wrote the songs Thousands Are Sailing and Lorelei among others. He left The Pogues in 1994 following problems with drugs and alcohol, in 2003, he reformed The Radiators with ex-Pogues bassist Cait ORiordan. They released the album Trouble Pilgrim in 2006, in later years, he became The Pogues unofficial spokesperson and frequently visited online forums, answering questions from fans. In 2004, he oversaw the remastering and re-release of The Pogues entire back catalogue on CD and he toured regularly with The Pogues, who reunited after a reunion tour in 2001. In June 2007, The Pogues website announced that Chevron had been diagnosed with oesophageal cancer, in early 2008, the website announced that Chevron had recovered, and that his hearing had returned to almost pre-treatment levels. He embarked on the March 2008 tour of the United States, by 2009, Chevron was free of cancer. However, in May 2013, it was announced that the cancer had returned and his last public appearance was at the Olympia Theatre for a fundraiser in August of the same year. Chevron died on 8 October 2013 in Dublin at age 56. See also The Pogues and The Radiators From Space Songs From Bills Dance Hall,1245 rpm EP The Captains and The Kings,745 rpm For The Children, Includes Philip Chevron on lead vocals on title song
Philip Chevron
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Philip Chevron, Milk club, Moscow, August 2010 with the
Pogues
28.
Winston Churchill
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Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill KG OM CH TD PC DL FRS RA was a British statesman who was the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 to 1945 and again from 1951 to 1955. Churchill was also an officer in the British Army, a historian. He won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1953 for his overall, in 1963, he was the first of only eight people to be made an honorary citizen of the United States. Churchill was born into the family of the Dukes of Marlborough and his father, Lord Randolph Churchill, was a charismatic politician who served as Chancellor of the Exchequer, his mother, Jennie Jerome, was an American socialite. As a young officer, he saw action in British India, the Anglo–Sudan War. He gained fame as a war correspondent and wrote books about his campaigns, at the forefront of politics for fifty years, he held many political and cabinet positions. Before the First World War, he served as President of the Board of Trade, Home Secretary, during the war, he continued as First Lord of the Admiralty until the disastrous Gallipoli Campaign caused his departure from government. He then briefly resumed active service on the Western Front as commander of the 6th Battalion of the Royal Scots Fusiliers. He returned to government under Lloyd George as Minister of Munitions, Secretary of State for War, Secretary of State for Air, at the outbreak of the Second World War, he was again appointed First Lord of the Admiralty. Following the resignation of Neville Chamberlain on 10 May 1940, Churchill became Prime Minister and he led Britain as Prime Minister until victory over Nazi Germany had been secured. After the Conservative Party suffered a defeat in the 1945 general election. He publicly warned of an Iron Curtain of Soviet influence in Europe, after winning the 1951 election, Churchill again became Prime Minister. His second term was preoccupied by foreign affairs, including the Malayan Emergency, Mau Mau Uprising, Korean War, domestically his government laid great emphasis on house-building. Churchill suffered a stroke in 1953 and retired as Prime Minister in 1955. Upon his death aged ninety in 1965, Elizabeth II granted him the honour of a state funeral and his highly complex legacy continues to stimulate intense debate amongst writers and historians. Born into the family of the Dukes of Marlborough, a branch of the noble Spencer family, Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill, like his father. His ancestor George Spencer had changed his surname to Spencer-Churchill in 1817 when he became Duke of Marlborough, to highlight his descent from John Churchill, Churchill was born on 30 November 1874, two months prematurely, in a bedroom in Blenheim Palace, Woodstock, Oxfordshire. From age two to six, he lived in Dublin, where his grandfather had been appointed Viceroy, Churchills brother, John Strange Spencer-Churchill, was born during this time in Ireland
Winston Churchill
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The Right Honourable Sir Winston Churchill
KG OM CH TD DL FRS RA
Winston Churchill
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Jennie Jerome (1854–1921), the American-born mother of Winston Churchill
Winston Churchill
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Churchill, aged seven, in 1881
Winston Churchill
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Blenheim Palace, the Churchill family home
29.
Royal Navy
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The Royal Navy is the United Kingdoms naval warfare force. Although warships were used by the English kings from the medieval period. The modern Royal Navy traces its origins to the early 16th century, from the middle decades of the 17th century and through the 18th century, the Royal Navy vied with the Dutch Navy and later with the French Navy for maritime supremacy. From the mid 18th century it was the worlds most powerful navy until surpassed by the United States Navy during the Second World War. The Royal Navy played a key part in establishing the British Empire as the world power during the 19th. Due to this historical prominence, it is common, even among non-Britons, following World War I, the Royal Navy was significantly reduced in size, although at the onset of the Second World War it was still the worlds largest. By the end of the war, however, the United States Navy had emerged as the worlds largest, during the Cold War, the Royal Navy transformed into a primarily anti-submarine force, hunting for Soviet submarines, mostly active in the GIUK gap. The Royal Navy is part of Her Majestys Naval Service, which includes the Royal Marines. The professional head of the Naval Service is the First Sea Lord, the Defence Council delegates management of the Naval Service to the Admiralty Board, chaired by the Secretary of State for Defence. The strength of the fleet of the Kingdom of England was an important element in the power in the 10th century. English naval power declined as a result of the Norman conquest. Medieval fleets, in England as elsewhere, were almost entirely composed of merchant ships enlisted into service in time of war. Englands naval organisation was haphazard and the mobilisation of fleets when war broke out was slow, early in the war French plans for an invasion of England failed when Edward III of England destroyed the French fleet in the Battle of Sluys in 1340. Major fighting was confined to French soil and Englands naval capabilities sufficed to transport armies and supplies safely to their continental destinations. Such raids halted finally only with the occupation of northern France by Henry V. Henry VII deserves a large share of credit in the establishment of a standing navy and he embarked on a program of building ships larger than heretofore. He also invested in dockyards, and commissioned the oldest surviving dry dock in 1495 at Portsmouth, a standing Navy Royal, with its own secretariat, dockyards and a permanent core of purpose-built warships, emerged during the reign of Henry VIII. Under Elizabeth I England became involved in a war with Spain, the new regimes introduction of Navigation Acts, providing that all merchant shipping to and from England or her colonies should be carried out by English ships, led to war with the Dutch Republic. In the early stages of this First Anglo-Dutch War, the superiority of the large, heavily armed English ships was offset by superior Dutch tactical organisation and the fighting was inconclusive
Royal Navy
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Royal Navy
Royal Navy
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The
Battle of Sluys as depicted in
Froissart's Chronicles; late 14th century
Royal Navy
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A late 16th century painting of the
Spanish Armada in battle with English warships
Royal Navy
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The Dutch
Raid on the Medway in 1667 during the Second Anglo–Dutch War
