The Red and the Black
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Le Rouge et le Noir is a psychological novel in two volumes by Stendhal, published in 1830. It chronicles the attempts of a provincial young man to rise socially beyond his modest upbringing through a
Henri Dubouchet's illustration for an 1884 edition of Le Rouge et le Noir, Paris: L. Conquet
The second volume of the 1831 edition of The Red and the Black.
Jansenism
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Jansenism was a 17th- and 18th-century Christian theological movement within the Catholic Church, rooted in the writings of Dutch bishop Cornelius Jansen, particularly in his book Augustinus published
The Red and the Black
…and populated by social cliques. The initially cynical seminary director, the Abbé Pirard, likes Julien and becomes his protector. When the Abbé, a Jansenist, leaves the seminary, he fears Julien will suffer for having been his protégé and recommends Sorel as private secretary to the diplomat Marquis de la…
La Conversion de saint Augustin ('The Conversion of St. Augustine', c. 1650) by French Baroque painter and Jansenist Philippe de Champaigne
Augustine, (AD 354–430) bishop of Hippo, Church Father, who is claimed as the progenitor of the Jansenist doctrine of grace
Michel de Bay (1513–1589), Augustinian Roman Catholic theologian, whose theological system known as Baianism was a forerunner to Jansenism
Abbé de Saint-Cyran – Jean du Vergier de Hauranne (1581–1643), abbot of Saint Cyran Abbey in Brenne, one of the intellectual fathers of Jansenism