1.
George Newnes
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Sir George Newnes, 1st Baronet was an English publisher and editor and a founding father of popular journalism. His company George Newnes Ltd continued publishing ground-breaking consumer magazines such as Nova long after his death and his father, Thomas Mold Newnes, was a Congregational church minister at the Glenorchy Chapel, Matlock. George Newnes was born in Matlock Bath, Derbyshire, and educated at Silcoates School and then at Shireland Hall, Warwickshire, in 1875 he married Priscilla Hillyard. In 1867 he entered commerce in the fancy goods trade, working in London and he funded the magazine by opening a vegetarian restaurant in Manchester. The addition of increased the readership of the periodical. He began to work with W T Stead, with whom he founded the Review of Reviews in 1890, tit-Bits reached a circulation of 700,000 by the end of the 19th century. Arguably his best known publication was The Strand Magazine, begun in 1891 and he also founded other magazine titles, including The Westminster Gazette, The Wide World Magazine, and Country Life. In 1891 his publishing business was formed into a company that bore his name, the company was reconstructed in 1897 with a capital of 1,000,000 pounds, and began the publication of books. Politically, Newnes was Liberal, and he refounded the Westminster Gazette to support the party when the Pall Mall Gazette became a Unionist paper, in 1885 he was elected as Member of Parliament for the newly created constituency of Eastern Cambridgeshire or Newmarket. He held the seat for ten years, before his defeat by the Conservative millionaire horse-breeder and he paid for the new Putney Library, built in 1899. He re-entered the Commons in 1900 as MP for Swansea, Newnes built a large home in Lynton, north Devon. He played a part in the development of the twin towns of Lynton. He built an innovative cliff railway to join the two towns, and also provided the town hall and other amenities, largely as a result of Sir Georges efforts, the 19-mile Lynton and Barnstaple Railway opened in 1898 ostensibly to bring visitors from the mainline railways at Barnstaple. Newnes provided a silver cup for the Newnes Trophy series of matches between Great Britain and the United States, conducted over transatlantic cable from 1896 to 1911. Sir George Newnes died at his Lynton home in June 1910 aged 59 and he was succeeded in the baronetcy by his son, Frank Newnes, who had served as MP for Bassetlaw, Nottinghamshire from 1906 to 1910. In 1963, the became part of the International Publishing Corporation, now a branch of Time Warners publishing arm, Time. Today books under the Newnes imprint continue to be published by Elsevier, List of British MPs List of publishers References Sources Jackson, Kate. George Newnes and the New Journalism in Britain, 1880-1910, ISBN 978-0-7546-0317-7 Pugh, Brian W. Spiring, Paul R. & Bhanji, Sadru
2.
Magazine
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A magazine is a publication, usually a periodical publication, which is printed or electronically published. Magazines are generally published on a schedule and contain a variety of content. They are generally financed by advertising, by a price, by prepaid subscriptions. At its root, the magazine refers to a collection or storage location. In the case of written publication, it is a collection of written articles and this explains why magazine publications share the word root with gunpowder magazines, artillery magazines, firearms magazines, and, in French, retail stores such as department stores. By definition, a magazine paginates with each issue starting at three, with the standard sizing being 8 3/8 ×10 7/8 inches. However, in the sense a journal has continuous pagination throughout a volume. Some professional or trade publications are also peer-reviewed, an example being the Journal of Accountancy, academic or professional publications that are not peer-reviewed are generally professional magazines. That a publication calls itself a journal does not make it a journal in the technical sense, magazines can be distributed through the mail, through sales by newsstands, bookstores, or other vendors, or through free distribution at selected pick-up locations. The subscription business models for distribution fall into three main categories. In this model, the magazine is sold to readers for a price, either on a basis or by subscription. Paid circulation allows for defined readership statistics and this means that there is no cover price and issues are given away, for example in street dispensers, airline, or included with other products or publications. Because this model involves giving issues away to unspecific populations, the statistics only entail the number of issues distributed and this is the model used by many trade magazines distributed only to qualifying readers, often for free and determined by some form of survey. This allows a level of certainty that advertisements will be received by the advertisers target audience. This latter model was used before the rise of the World Wide Web and is still employed by some titles. For example, in the United Kingdom, a number of computer-industry magazines use this model, including Computer Weekly and Computing, for the global media industry, an example would be VideoAge International. The earliest example of magazines was Erbauliche Monaths Unterredungen, a literary and philosophy magazine, the Gentlemans Magazine, first published in 1731, in London was the first general-interest magazine. Edward Cave, who edited The Gentlemans Magazine under the pen name Sylvanus Urban, was the first to use the term magazine, founded by Herbert Ingram in 1842, The Illustrated London News was the first illustrated magazine
3.
Herbert Greenhough Smith
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Herbert Greenhough Smith was the first editor of The Strand Magazine which published many of Arthur Conan Doyles Sherlock Holmes stories. His active support and encouragement to Conan Doyle, and the magazines vigorous promotion of the Sherlock Holmes character, had much to do with the characters success. He attended St. Johns College, Cambridge where he achieved a B. A. before working briefly as a private tutor and he gave this up for journalism. Herbert first married Beatrice Elizabeth B. Harrison in 1885, with whom he had one son, following Beatrices death in 1897 at the age of 27, he married Dorothy Vernon Muddock, the daughter of James Edward Preston Muddock in 1900. Smith began editing The Strand in 1891, retiring in 1930 and he died on 14 January 1935. He has also portrayed on television, by Ralph Riach in Murder Rooms
4.
Strand, London
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Strand is a major thoroughfare in the City of Westminster, Central London. The roads name comes from the Old English strond, meaning the edge of a river, the street was popular with the British upper classes between the 12th and 17th centuries, with many historically important mansions being built between the Strand and the river. These included Essex House, Arundel House, Somerset House, Savoy Palace, Durham House, the aristocracy moved to the West End over the 17th century, following which the Strand became well known for coffee shops, restaurants and taverns. The street was a point for theatre and music hall during the 19th century. At the east end of the street are two churches, St Mary le Strand and St Clement Danes. Several authors, poets and philosophers have lived on or near the Strand, including Charles Dickens, Ralph Waldo Emerson, the street has been commemorated in the song Lets All Go Down the Strand, now recognised as a typical piece of Cockney music hall. The street is the link between the two cities of Westminster and London. It runs eastward from Trafalgar Square, parallel to the River Thames, traffic travelling eastbound follows a short crescent around Aldwych, connected at both ends to the Strand. The road marks the boundary of the Covent Garden district. The name was first recorded in 1002 as strondway, then in 1185 as Stronde and it is formed from the Old English word strond, meaning the edge of a river. Initially it referred to the bank of the once much wider Thames. The name was applied to the road itself. In the 13th century it was known as Densemanestret or street of the Danes, Strand Bridge was the name given to Waterloo Bridge during its construction, it was renamed for its official opening on the second anniversary of the coalition victory in the Battle of Waterloo. London Bus routes 6,23,139 and 176 all run along the Strand, as do numerous night bus services. During Roman Britain, what is now the Strand was part of the route to Silchester, known as Iter VIII on the Antonine Itinerary, and it was briefly part of a trading town called Lundenwic that developed around 600 AD, and stretched from Trafalgar Square to Aldwych. Alfred the Great gradually moved the settlement into the old Roman town of Londinium from around 886 AD onwards, leaving no mark of the old town, and the area returned to fields. In the Middle Ages, the Strand became the route between the separate settlements of the City of London and the royal Palace of Westminster. The landmark Eleanors Cross was built in the 13th century at the end of the Strand at Charing Cross by Edward I commemorating his wife Eleanor of Castile
5.
Sherlock Holmes
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Sherlock Holmes is a fictional private detective created by British author Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. All but one are set in the Victorian or Edwardian periods, though not the first fictional detective, Sherlock Holmes is arguably the most well-known, with Guinness World Records listing him as the most portrayed movie character in history. Auguste Dupin is generally acknowledged as the first detective in fiction and served as the prototype for many that were created later, Conan Doyle once wrote, Each is a root from which a whole literature has developed. Where was the story until Poe breathed the breath of life into it. Conan Doyle repeatedly said that Holmes was inspired by the figure of Joseph Bell, a surgeon at the Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh. Like Holmes, Bell was noted for drawing conclusions from minute observations. However, he wrote to Doyle, You are yourself Sherlock Holmes. Sir Henry Littlejohn, Chair of Medical Jurisprudence at the University of Edinburgh Medical School, is cited as an inspiration for Holmes. Littlejohn, who was also Police Surgeon and Medical Officer of Health in Edinburgh, One is thought to be Francis Tanky Smith, a policeman and master of disguise who went on to become Leicesters first private detective. Another might be Maximilien Heller, by French author Henry Cauvain and it is not known if Conan Doyle read Maximilien Heller, but in this 1871 novel, Henry Cauvain imagined a depressed, anti-social, polymath, cat-loving, and opium-smoking Paris-based detective. Details about Sherlock Holmess life, except for the adventures in the books, are scarce in Conan Doyles original stories, nevertheless, mentions of his early life and extended family paint a loose biographical picture of the detective. An estimate of Holmess age in His Last Bow places his year of birth at 1854 and his parents are not mentioned in the stories, although Holmes mentions that his ancestors were country squires. In The Adventure of the Greek Interpreter, he claims that his grandmother was sister to the French artist Vernet, without clarifying whether this was Claude Joseph, Carle. Mycroft has a civil service position as a kind of human database for all aspects of government policy. He lacks Sherlocks interest in investigation, however, preferring to spend his time at the Diogenes Club. Holmes says that he first developed his methods of deduction as an undergraduate, his earliest cases, the two take lodgings at 221B Baker Street, London, an apartment at the upper end of the street, up seventeen steps. Holmes worked as a detective for twenty-three years, with physician John Watson assisting him for seventeen and they were roommates before Watsons 1887 marriage and again after his wifes death. Their residence is maintained by their landlady, Mrs. Hudson, most of the stories are frame narratives, written from Watsons point of view as summaries of the detectives most interesting cases
6.
Arthur Conan Doyle
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He is also known for writing the fictional adventures of Professor Challenger, a second character he invented, and for propagating the mystery of the Mary Celeste. He was a writer whose other works include fantasy and science fiction stories, plays, romances, poetry, non-fiction. Doyle is often referred to as Sir Arthur Conan Doyle or simply Conan Doyle and his baptism entry in the register of St Marys Cathedral, Edinburgh, gives Arthur Ignatius Conan as his given names and Doyle as his surname. It also names Michael Conan as his godfather, the cataloguers of the British Library and the Library of Congress treat Doyle alone as his surname. Steven Doyle, editor of the Baker Street Journal, wrote, shortly after he graduated from high school he began using Conan as a sort of surname. But technically his last name is simply Doyle, when knighted, he was gazetted as Doyle, not under the compound Conan Doyle. Nevertheless, the use of a compound surname is demonstrated by the fact that Doyles second wife was known as Jean Conan Doyle rather than Jean Doyle. Doyle was born on 22 May 1859 at 11 Picardy Place, Edinburgh and his father, Charles Altamont Doyle, was English, of Irish Catholic descent, and his mother, Mary, was Irish Catholic. In 1864 the family dispersed because of Charless growing alcoholism, in 1867, the family came together again and lived in squalid tenement flats at 3 Sciennes Place. Doyles father died in 1893, in the Crichton Royal, Dumfries, supported by wealthy uncles, Doyle was sent to England, at the Jesuit preparatory school Hodder Place, Stonyhurst in Lancashire at the age of nine. He then went on to Stonyhurst College until 1875, from 1875 to 1876, he was educated at the Jesuit school Stella Matutina in Feldkirch, Austria. He later rejected the Catholic faith and became an agnostic and he also later became a spiritualist mystic. From 1876 to 1881, Doyle studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh Medical School, including working in Aston, Sheffield and Ruyton-XI-Towns. During that time, he studied botany at the Royal Botanic Garden in Edinburgh. While studying, Doyle began writing short stories and his earliest extant fiction, The Haunted Grange of Goresthorpe, was unsuccessfully submitted to Blackwoods Magazine. His first published piece, The Mystery of Sasassa Valley, a set in South Africa, was printed in Chamberss Edinburgh Journal on 6 September 1879. Doyle was employed as a doctor on the Greenland whaler Hope of Peterhead in 1880 and, C. M. as a ships surgeon on the SS Mayumba during a voyage to the West African coast. He completed his M. D. degree on the subject of tabes dorsalis in 1885, arriving in Portsmouth in June 1882 with less than £10 to his name, he set up a medical practice at 1 Bush Villas in Elm Grove, Southsea
7.
Sidney Paget
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Sidney Edward Paget was a British illustrator of the Victorian era, best known for his illustrations that accompanied Arthur Conan Doyles Sherlock Holmes stories in The Strand magazine. Sidney Paget was the fifth of nine born to Robert Paget, the vestry clerk of St. James and St. John in Clerkenwell and Martha Paget. In 1881 Paget entered the Royal Academy Schools, here he befriended Alfred Morris Butler, an architecture student who may have become the model for Pagets illustrations of Dr. John Watson. Between 1879 and 1905, Paget contributed eighteen miscellaneous paintings, including nine portraits and he provided illustrations for Arthur Morrisons Martin Hewitt detective stories, and Arthur Conan Doyles Sherlock Holmes work, doing much to popularise both series. On 1 June 1893, Sidney Paget married Edith Hounsfield, daughter of William Hounsfield and they had four daughters and two sons together, Leslie Robert, Winifred, Edith Muriel, Evelyn Mereoah, Beryl May and John L. Paget. Sidney Paget died in Margate on 28 January 1908, after suffering from a painful chest complaint for the last few years of his life, according to his death certificate, the cause of Sidney Pagets death was Mediastinal tumour,3 years, exhaustion. Mediastinal tumors are growths that form in the middle of the chest area which separates the lungs, as the tumor grows, the patients breathing becomes more and more constricted. Its a rare condition and, in the early 1900s, it was a painful, then and now, no known causes exist, and there are no known links between the condition and any substance. Paget was buried in East Finchley Cemetery, two brothers, H. M. Paget and Wal Paget were also successful portraitists and illustrators. Today, Sidney Paget is best known as the creator of the image of Sherlock Holmes from the original publication of Conan Doyles stories in the Strand Magazine. Despite the commonly held belief that Paget based Holmes appearance on that of Walter, the assertion that the artists brother Walter, or any other person, served as model for the portrait of Sherlock Holmes is incorrect. In 1893, Paget illustrated The Memoirs of Sherlock Holmes, published in The Strand as further episodes of the Adventures. When Sir Arthur Conan Doyle revived the Sherlock Holmes series with The Hound of the Baskervilles, serialised in The Strand in 1901–02, Paget went on to illustrate another short story series, The Return of Sherlock Holmes, in 1903–04. In all, he illustrated one Holmes novel and 37 Holmes short stories and his illustrations have influenced interpretations of the detective in fiction, film and drama. The Strand became one of Great Britains most prestigious fiction magazines, as Holmes popularity grew, Pagets illustrations became larger and more elaborate. Beginning with The Adventure of the Final Problem in 1893, almost every Holmes story in the The Strand featured an illustration as well as many smaller pictures within the text. Paget is also credited with giving the first deerstalker cap and Inverness cape to Holmes, the cap and coat first appear in an illustration for The Boscombe Valley Mystery in 1891 and reappear in The Adventure of Silver Blaze in 1893. They also appear in a few illustrations from The Return of Sherlock Holmes, altogether, Sidney Paget did some 356 published drawings for the Sherlock Holmes series
8.
The Hound of the Baskervilles
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The Hound of the Baskervilles is the third of the crime novels written by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle featuring the detective Sherlock Holmes. Sherlock Holmes and his companion Dr. Watson investigate the case and this was the first appearance of Holmes since his apparent death in The Final Problem, and the success of The Hound of the Baskervilles led to the characters eventual revival. In 2003, the book was listed as number 128 of 200 on the BBCs The Big Read poll of the UKs best-loved novel, in 1999, it was listed as the top Holmes novel, with a perfect rating from Sherlockian scholars of 100. Dr James Mortimer asks Sherlock Holmes to investigate the death of his friend, Sir Charles believed in the curse and was apparently fleeing from something in fright when he died. Intrigued, Holmes meets with Sir Henry, newly arrived from Canada, Sir Henry has received an anonymous note, cut and pasted from newsprint, warning him away from the Baskerville moors, and one of his new boots is inexplicably missing from his London hotel room. Sir Henry plans to move into Baskerville Hall, despite the warning message. Holmes and Dr Watson follow him from Holmess Baker Street apartment back to his hotel and notice a man following him in a cab, they pursue the man. Mortimer tells them that Mr Barrymore, the butler at Baskerville Hall, has a beard like the one on the stranger, Sir Henrys boot reappears, but an older one vanishes. Upon arrival at the grand but austere Baskerville estate, Watson, Barrymore and his wife, who also works at Baskerville Hall, wish to leave the estate soon. Watson hears a woman crying in the night, it is obvious to him that it was Mrs Barrymore, Watson has no proof that Barrymore was in Devon on the day of the chase in London. He meets a brother and sister who live nearby, Mr Stapleton, a naturalist, when an animalistic sound is heard, Stapleton is quick to dismiss it as unrelated to the legendary hound. When her brother is out of earshot, Mrs Stapleton mistakes Watson for Sir Henry and she and Sir Henry later meet and quickly fall in love, arousing Stapletons anger, he later apologises and invites Sir Henry to dine with him a few days later. Barrymore arouses further suspicion when Watson and Sir Henry catch him at night with a candle in an empty room, Barrymore refuses to answer their questions, but Mrs. Barrymore confesses that Selden is her brother, and her husband is signalling that they have left supplies for him. Watson and Sir Henry pursue Selden on the moor, but he eludes them, after an agreement is reached to allow Selden to flee the country, Barrymore reveals the contents of an incompletely burnt letter asking Sir Charles to be at the gate at the time of his death. Watson tracks the man he saw in the area and discovers it to be Holmes. Holmes reveals further information, Stapleton is actually married to the supposed Miss Stapleton and they hear a scream and discover the body of Selden, dead from a fall. They initially mistake him for Sir Henry, whose old clothes he was wearing, at Baskerville Hall, Holmes notices a resemblance between Stapleton and a portrait of Hugo Baskerville. He realises that Stapleton could be an unknown Baskerville family member, accompanied by Inspector Lestrade, whom Holmes has summoned, Holmes and Watson travel to the Stapleton home, where Sir Henry is dining
9.
E. W. Hornung
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Ernest William Hornung was an English author and poet known for writing the A. J. Raffles series of stories about a gentleman thief in late 19th-century London. Hornung was educated at Uppingham School, as a result of health he left the school in December 1883 to travel to Sydney. He drew on his Australian experiences as a background when he began writing, initially short stories, Watson, created by his brother-in-law, Arthur Conan Doyle. The series of Raffles short stories were collected for sale in book form in 1899, aside from his Raffles stories, Hornung was a prodigious writer of fiction, publishing numerous books from 1890, with A Bride from the Bush to his 1914 novel The Crime Doctor. The First World War brought an end to Hornungs fictional output and his son, Oscar, was killed at the Second Battle of Ypres in July 1915. Hornung joined the YMCA, initially in England, then in France and he published two collections of poetry during the war, and then, afterwards, one further volume of verse and an account of his time spent in France, Notes of a Camp-Follower on the Western Front. Hornungs fragile constitution was further weakened by the stress of his war work, to aid his recuperation, he and his wife visited the south of France in 1921. He fell ill from influenza on the journey, and died on 22 March 1921, although much of Hornungs work has fallen into obscurity, his Raffles stories continued to be popular, and have formed numerous film and television adaptations. Hornungs stories dealt with a range of themes than crime, he examined scientific and medical developments, guilt, class. Two threads that run through a sizeable proportion of his books are Australia and cricket, Hornung was born Ernest William Hornung on 7 June 1866 at Cleveland Villas, Marton, Middlesbrough, he was nicknamed Willie from an early age. He was the son, and youngest of eight children, of John Peter Hornung. John was christened Johan Petrus Hornung in the Transylvania region of Hungary and, after working in Hamburg for a firm, had moved to Britain in the 1840s as a coal. John married Harriet in March 1848, by time he had anglicised his name. At the age of 13 Hornung joined St Ninians Preparatory School in Moffat, when Hornung was 17 his health worsened, he left Uppingham and travelled to Australia, where it was hoped by his family that the climate would be beneficial. On his arrival he was employed as a tutor to the Parsons family in Mossgiel in the Riverina, although he spent only two years in Australia, the experience was the making of him and. The making of his career as a writer, according to Rowland, another biographer, Mark Valentine, wrote that Hornung seems to have regarded this period as one of the most satisfying of his life. Hornung returned to England in February 1886, before the death of his father in November, from a position of relative prosperity, Johns coal and iron business had encountered difficulties and he was in financially straitened circumstances by the time of his death. Hornung had worked on the manuscript he brought back from Australia and
