1.
Sidney Lumet
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Sidney Arthur Lumet was an American director, producer and screenwriter with over 50 films to his credit. He was nominated for the Academy Award as Best Director for 12 Angry Men, Dog Day Afternoon, Network, and The Verdict. The Encyclopedia of Hollywood states that Lumet was one of the most prolific filmmakers of the modern era and he was noted by Turner Classic Movies for his strong direction of actors, vigorous storytelling and the social realism in his best work. Film critic Roger Ebert described him as having one of the finest craftsmen. Lumet was also known as an director, having worked with the best of them during his career. Sean Connery, who acted in five of his films, considered him one of his directors. A member of the cohort of New Yorks Actors Studio, Lumet began his directorial career in Off-Broadway productions. His first movie was typical of his best work, a well-acted, tightly written, as a result of directing 12 Angry Men, he was also responsible for leading the first wave of directors who made a successful transition from TV to movies. In 2005, Lumet received an Academy Award for Lifetime Achievement for his brilliant services to screenwriters, performers, two years later, he concluded his career with the acclaimed drama Before the Devil Knows Youre Dead. A few months after Lumets death in April 2011, a celebration of his work was held at New Yorks Lincoln Center with the appearance of numerous speakers. In 2015, Nancy Buirski directed By Sidney Lumet, a documentary about his career, Lumet was born in Philadelphia to parents of Jewish descent. He studied theater acting at the Professional Childrens School of New York, Lumets parents, Baruch and Eugenia Lumet, were both veterans of the Yiddish theatre. His father, who was an actor, director, producer and writer, was a Polish Jewish emigrant to the United States who was born in Warsaw, Lumets mother, who was a dancer, died when he was a child. He made his debut on radio at age four and stage debut at the Yiddish Art Theatre at age five. As a child he appeared in many Broadway plays, including 1935s Dead End. In 1935, aged 11, he appeared in a Henry Lynn short film, Papirossen, the film was shown in a theatrical play with the same title, based on a hit song, Papirosn. The play and short film appeared in the Bronx McKinley Square Theatre, in 1939, he made his only feature-length film appearance, at age 15, in. One Third of a Nation. In 1939, World War II interrupted his acting career
Sidney Lumet
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Lumet at 2007
Toronto International Film Festival
Sidney Lumet
Sidney Lumet
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Lumet in the 1940 play, Journey to Jerusalem
Sidney Lumet
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Directing a TV show in 1953
2.
David Brown (producer)
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David Brown was an American film and theatre producer and writer who was best knowed for coproducing the 1975 film Jaws. He was born in New York City, New York, the son of Lillian, Brown was a graduate of Stanford University and the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism. He began his career as a journalist, contributing to magazines including The Saturday Evening Post, Harpers and Colliers. He was an editor of Cosmopolitan before his wife, Helen Gurley Brown. In 1951, the producer Darryl F. Zanuck hired Brown to head the department at Zanucks studio. Brown eventually rose to executive vice president of creative operations. He and Richard D. Zanuck, Darryls son, left Fox in 1971 for Warner Bros. the caper film The Sting starring Paul Newman and Robert Redford was a Zanuck/Brown presentation. Driving Miss Daisy won four Academy Awards, including the Best Picture award, without Zanuck, Brown went on to produce films including the drama Angelas Ashes and the romance Chocolat. Brown produced various Broadway musicals, including Sweet Smell of Success, The Musical, Dirty Rotten Scoundrels, and he bought the film and stage rights to the drama play A Few Good Men, written by playwright Aaron Sorkin. The play opened November 1989 and ran for 500 performances, the film of the same name stars Tom Cruise and Jack Nicholson. From 1959, for years, until his death, Brown was the husband of Helen Gurley Brown, editor of Cosmopolitan magazine for 32 years, and author of Sex. Brown had one son, Bruce, from a marriage, who predeceased him. He was known equally for his mannerliness, fine wardrobe, distinctive mustache and he had strong connections with publishers and agents. Brown wrote Browns Guide to the Good Life, Tears, Fears and Boredom and he also wrote Let Me Entertain You, an anecdotal autobiography. He died, age 93, at his home in Manhattan from renal failure on February 1,2010 and his widow, Helen, died on August 13,2012, age 90. Mr. and Mrs. Brown were laid to rest in late November 2012 in adjacent graves at Sisco Cemetery, Helens maternal family cemetery just south of the village of Osage in Carroll County, Arkansas
David Brown (producer)
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David Brown
3.
Richard D. Zanuck
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Richard Darryl Zanuck was an American film producer. His 1989 film Driving Miss Daisy won the Academy Award for Best Picture, Richard Darryl Zanuck was born in Los Angeles, to actress Virginia Fox and Darryl F. Zanuck, then head of production for 20th Century-Fox. While studying at Stanford University, he began his career in the industry working for the 20th Century Fox story department. In 1959, Zanuck had his first shot at producing with the film Compulsion, in the 1960s, Zanuck became the president of 20th Century Fox. One year of his tenure was chronicled by John Gregory Dunne in The Studio, after failures like 1967s Doctor Dolittle, he was fired by his father and joined Warner Bros. as Executive Vice President. In 1972, Zanuck joined with David Brown to form an independent production company called the Zanuck/Brown Company at Universal Pictures, the two men produced a pair of Steven Spielbergs early films, The Sugarland Express and Jaws. They subsequently produced such box office hits as Cocoon and Driving Miss Daisy before dissolving their partnership in 1988 and they were jointly awarded the Irving G. Thalberg Memorial Award by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences in 1990. He and Burton connected immediately, and Zanuck was Burtons producer of choice, in a May 2012 interview, Zanuck told Variety, A producer should contribute from the very beginning until the very end, in all aspects. Im there at the set every day, on every shot, not that the director, particularly Tim, needs me, but just in case. On January 14,1958, he married Lili Charlene Gentle, an actress from Birmingham, Alabama, the marriage, which produced two daughters, Virginia and Janet, was dissolved in 1968. The marriage became difficult after Harrison failed to garner the role of the wife in Zanucks production of Jaws, in a 1985 interview, Zanuck said that career problems contributed to his two failed marriages. Both girls were actresses, and neither one was well established, as head of 20th Century Fox, It was tough to try to be fair to the project and also try to help them in their careers. If I didnt give them the role, then I had to explain why they werent right for it and it wasnt the major problem in the marriages, but it was an underlying source of discomfort. When the Zanucks won the Best Picture Oscar in 1989 for Driving Miss Daisy, Richard Zanuck died on July 13,2012, of a heart attack at his home in Beverly Hills. The Beverly Park home he had lived in until his death was sold for $20. 1M in July 2012, on February 25,2014, Twentieth-Century Fox opened the Richard D. Zanuck Production Building at its Los Angeles studios. Richard was a giant of our industry for over five decades, Fox Chairman. He was family, and a part of our legacy. We couldnt find a building worthy of him, so we built one, the ceremony was attended by Zanucks widow, Lili Fini Zanuck, his sons, Harrison and Dean, and four of his nine grandchildren, Jack, Darryl, Kyler, and Luke Zanuck
Richard D. Zanuck
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Zanuck and his third wife, Lili Fini Zanuck, at the 62nd Annual Academy Awards, March 26, 1990
4.
David Mamet
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David Alan Mamet is an American playwright, essayist, screenwriter, and film director. As a playwright, Mamet has won a Pulitzer Prize and received Tony nominations for Glengarry Glen Ross, Mamet first gained acclaim for a trio of off-Broadway plays in 1976, The Duck Variations, Sexual Perversity in Chicago, and American Buffalo. His play Race opened on Broadway on December 6,2009, Mamets 2017 play The Penitent previewed off-Broadway on February 8,2017. Feature films that Mamet both wrote and directed include Redbelt, The Spanish Prisoner, House of Games, Spartan, Heist, State and Main, The Winslow Boy, and Oleanna. This was accompanied by Homicide, Things Change, and most recently the 2013 HBO film Phil Spector, starring Al Pacino as Spector with Helen Mirren and Jeffrey Tambor. His drama Glengarry Glen Ross, in 1992, was adapted by Mamet into a version which also received an Academy Award nomination. Mamet was also the producer and frequent writer for the TV show The Unit. As a screenplay writer, Mamet received Oscar nominations for The Verdict, Mamet was born in 1947 in Chicago to Jewish parents, Lenore June, a teacher, and Bernard Morris Mamet, an attorney. One of his first jobs was as a busboy at Chicagos The Second City and he was educated at the progressive Francis W. Parker School and at Goddard College in Plainfield, Vermont. At the Chicago Public Library Foundation 20th anniversary fundraiser in 2006, though, I got what little educational foundation I got in the third-floor reading room, under the tutelage of a Coca-Cola sign. Mamet is a member of the Atlantic Theater Company, he first gained acclaim for a trio of off-Broadway plays in 1976, The Duck Variations, Sexual Perversity in Chicago. He was awarded the Pulitzer Prize in 1984 for Glengarry Glen Ross and his play Race, which opened on Broadway on December 6,2009 and featured James Spader, David Alan Grier, Kerry Washington, and Richard Thomas in the cast, received mixed reviews. His play The Anarchist, starring Patti LuPone and Debra Winger, in her Broadway debut and his 2017 play The Penitent previewed off-Broadway on February 8,2017. In 2002, Mamet was inducted into the American Theatre Hall of Fame, Mamet later received the PEN/Laura Pels International Foundation for Theater Award for Grand Master of American Theater in 2010. His latest feature-length film, a thriller titled Blackbird, is slated for release in 2015, Mamets first produced screenplay was the 1981 production of The Postman Always Rings Twice, based upon James M. Cains novel. He received an Academy Award nomination one year later for his first script, The Verdict and he also wrote the screenplay for The Untouchables. In 1987, Mamet made his directing debut with House of Games, starring his then-wife, Lindsay Crouse. He uses friends as actors, especially in one scene in the movie
David Mamet
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Mamet at the premiere of
Redbelt at the Tribeca Film Festival, April 25, 2008
5.
Paul Newman
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Paul Leonard Newman was an American actor. Newmans other films include The Hustler, Cool Hand Luke, Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid as Butch Cassidy, The Sting, and The Verdict. Despite being colorblind, Newman won several championships as a driver in Sports Car Club of America road racing. He was a co-founder of Newmans Own, a company from which he donated all post-tax profits. As of 2016, these donations have totaled over US$460 million and he was also a co-founder of Safe Water Network, a nonprofit that develops sustainable drinking water solutions for those in need. In 1988, Newman founded the SeriousFun Childrens Network, a family of summer camps. Newman was born in Shaker Heights, Ohio, the son of Theresa and Arthur Sigmund Newman. Newmans father was Jewish, and was the son of Simon Newman and Hannah Cohn, immigrants from Hungary, Newman had no religion as an adult, but described himself as a Jew, saying its more of a challenge. Newmans mother worked in his fathers store, while raising Paul and his brother, Arthur. Newman showed an early interest in the theater, his first role was at the age of seven, playing the court jester in a school production of Robin Hood. At age 10, Newman performed at the Cleveland Play House in a production of Saint George and the Dragon, graduating from Shaker Heights High School in 1943, he briefly attended Ohio University in Athens, Ohio, where he was initiated into the Phi Kappa Tau fraternity. Newman served in the United States Navy in World War II in the Pacific theater, initially, he enrolled in the Navy V-12 pilot training program at Yale University, but was dropped when his colorblindness was discovered. Boot camp followed, with training as a radioman and rear gunner, qualifying in torpedo bombers in 1944, Aviation Radioman Third Class Newman was sent to Barbers Point, Hawaii. He later flew as a gunner in an Avenger torpedo bomber. As a radioman-gunner, his unit was assigned to the USS Bunker Hill along with other replacements shortly before the Battle of Okinawa in the spring of 1945, the pilot of his aircraft had an ear infection which kept their plane grounded. The rest of their squadron flew to the Bunker Hill, days later, a kamikaze attack on the vessel killed a number of service members, including the other members of his unit. After the war, Newman completed his Bachelor of Arts in drama and economics at Kenyon College in Gambier, shortly after earning his degree, he joined several summer stock companies, most notably the Belfry Players in Wisconsin and the Woodstock Players in Illinois. He toured with them for three months and developed his talents as a part of Woodstock Players and he later attended the Yale School of Drama for one year, before moving to New York City to study under Lee Strasberg at the Actors Studio
Paul Newman
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Newman in The Prize (1963)
Paul Newman
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Paul Newman at the
1987 Cannes Film Festival
Paul Newman
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Newman in 2007
Paul Newman
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Newman at a political rally for
Eugene McCarthy in 1968
6.
Charlotte Rampling
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Tessa Charlotte Rampling, OBE is an English actress, model and chanteuse, known for her work in European arthouse films in three languages, English, French, and Italian. An icon of the Swinging Sixties, she began her career as a model and later became a fashion icon and she was cast in the role of Meredith in the 1966 film Georgy Girl, which starred Lynn Redgrave. She soon began making French and Italian arthouse films, most notably during this time in Luchino Viscontis The Damned and Liliana Cavanis The Night Porter. She went on to star in Zardoz, Farewell, My Lovely, Woody Allens Stardust Memories, opposite Paul Newman in The Verdict, Long Live Life, Max, Mon Amour, Angel Heart and The Wings of the Dove. In 2002 she released an album of recordings in the style of cabaret, in the 2000s, she became the muse of French director François Ozon, appearing in his films Under the Sand, Swimming Pool and Angel. On television, she is known for her role as Evelyn Vogel in Dexter, in 2012 she was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award and a Screen Actors Guild Award, both for her performance in the miniseries Restless. Other television roles include work in Broadchurch and London Spy, for the latter of which she was nominated for a Golden Globe Award, a four-time César Award nominee, she received an Honorary César in 2001 and Frances Legion of Honour in 2002. She was made an OBE in 2000 for her services to the arts, in 2015, she released her autobiography, which she wrote in French, titled Qui Je Suis, or Who I Am. She later worked on an English translation, which was due to be published in March 2017, Rampling was born in Sturmer, Essex, the daughter of Isabel Anne, a painter, and Godfrey Rampling, an Olympic gold medalist and British Army officer. She grew up and spent most of her childhood in Gibraltar, France and she attended Académie Jeanne dArc in Versailles and St. Hildas School, a boarding school in Bushey, Hertfordshire, England. She had one sister, Sarah, who committed suicide in 1966 and she and Sarah had had a close relationship, and they had performed in a cabaret act together during their teenage years. She began her career as a model and first appeared in a Cadbury advertisement and she was noticed by a casting agent while walking down a street in London. Her first screen appearance, which was uncredited, was as a skier in Richard Lesters film The Knack. She also appeared as an extra in the Beatles film A Hard Days Night, in 1965, she was cast in the role of Meredith in the film Georgy Girl and was given a role by John Boulting in the comedy Rotten to the Core. In 1967, she starred opposite Yul Brynner in the adventure film The Long Duel and she also appeared alongside Franco Nero in the Italian film Sardinia Kidnapped, directed by Gianfranco Mingozzi. On television, Rampling played the gunfighter Hana Wilde in The Superlative Seven, after this, her acting career blossomed in both English and French cinema. Despite an early flurry of success, she told The Independent and it was a nightmare, breaking the rules and all that. Everyone seemed to be having fun, but they were taking so many drugs they wouldnt know it anyway, in 1969, in Luchino Viscontis The Damned, she played a young wife sent to a Nazi concentration camp
Charlotte Rampling
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Rampling at the
2009 Venice Film Festival
Charlotte Rampling
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Rampling at the
2001 Cannes Film Festival.
7.
Jack Warden
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Jack Warden was an American character actor of film and television. He was twice nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor, for Shampoo and he received a BAFTA nomination for the former movie and won an Emmy for his performance in Brians Song. Warden was born John Warden Lebzelter Jr. in Newark, New Jersey, the son of Laura M. and John Warden Lebzelter and he was of Pennsylvania Dutch and Irish ancestry. Raised in Louisville, Kentucky, he was expelled from school for fighting. He fought in 13 bouts as a welterweight, but earned little money, Warden worked as a nightclub bouncer, tugboat deckhand and lifeguard before joining the United States Navy in 1938. He was stationed for three years in China with the Yangtze River Patrol, in 1944, on the eve of the D-Day invasion, Warden, now a Staff Sergeant, shattered his leg when he landed in a tree during a night-time practice jump in England. He spent almost eight months in the hospital recuperating, during which time he read a Clifford Odets play, ironically, Warden would later portray a paratrooper from the 101sts rivals – the 82nd Airborne Division – in That Kind of Woman. After leaving the military, he moved to New York City and he joined the company of the Dallas Alley Theatre and performed on stage for five years. In 1948 he made his debut on the anthology series, The Philco Television Playhouse. His first film role, uncredited, was in the 1951 film Youre in the Navy Now, Warden appeared in his first credited film role in the 1951 in The Man with My Face. From 1952 to 1955, Warden appeared in the television series Mister Peepers with Wally Cox, in 1953, Warden was cast as a sympathetic corporal in From Here to Eternity. Wardens breakthrough film role was his performance as Juror No,7, a salesman who wants a quick decision in a murder case, in 12 Angry Men. Warden was nominated for Academy Awards as Best Supporting Actor for his performances in Shampoo and his final film was The Replacements in 2000, opposite Gene Hackman and Keanu Reeves. Warden married French actress Vanda Dupre in 1958 and had one son, although they separated in the 1970s, the couple never divorced. Warden suffered from declining health in his last years which resulted in his retirement from acting in 2000 and he died of heart and kidney failure in a New York hospital on July 19,2006, at the age of 85. Jack Warden at the Internet Movie Database Jack Warden at the Internet Broadway Database Jack Warden at Find a Grave Cinema2000 obituary
Jack Warden
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Warden in the 1950s
Jack Warden
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Warden (left) as Mike Haines in
ABC 's
N.Y.P.D. (1968)
8.
James Mason
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James Neville Mason was an English actor. He was nominated for three Academy Awards and three Golden Globes, Mason was born in Huddersfield, in the West Riding of Yorkshire, to Mabel Hattersley and John Mason. His father was a textile merchant. He was educated at Marlborough College, and earned a first in architecture at Peterhouse, Mason had no formal training in acting and initially embarked upon it for fun. After Cambridge he made his debut in Aldershot in The Rascal in 1931. He joined The Old Vic theatre in London under the guidance of Tyrone Guthrie, in 1933 Alexander Korda gave Mason a small role in The Private Life of Don Juan but sacked him three days into shooting. From 1935-38, he starred in many British quota quickies, Mason became hugely popular for his brooding anti-heroes in the Gainsborough series of melodramas of the 1940s, including The Man in Grey and The Wicked Lady. He also starred with Deborah Kerr and Robert Newton in Hatters Castle and he then took the lead role in the popular The Seventh Veil, which set box office records in post-war Britain and raised him to international stardom. He followed it with a role as a mortally wounded IRA bank robber on the run in Odd Man Out and his first Hollywood film, exhibitors voted him the most popular star in Britain in each year between 1944 and 1947. They also thought he was the most popular star in 1946. He was the most popular star in Canada in 1948. Masons languid but impassioned vocal talent enabled him to play a villain as easily as his good looks assisted him as a leading man. His roles include Brutus in Julius Caesar, Field Marshal Erwin Rommel in The Desert Fox, The Story of Rommel and The Desert Rats, in the 1950s, Mason was host of Lux Video Theatre on CBS television. In 1963 he settled in Switzerland, and embarked on a transatlantic career, one of his last roles, that of corrupt lawyer Ed Concannon in The Verdict, earned him his third and final Oscar nomination. Mason had been a neighbour and friend of the comedian. Having completed playing the role in Dr. This was to be Masons final screen performance, in the late 1970s, Mason became a mentor to up-and-coming actor Sam Neill. Mason was a lover of animals, particularly cats
James Mason
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Mason in The Fall of the Roman Empire (1964)
James Mason
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Mason in North by Northwest (1959)
James Mason
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Mason and his family in 1957 in the television programme Panic!. From left, son Morgan with wife Pamela, daughter Portland, and Mason.
9.
Andrzej Bartkowiak
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Andrzej Bartkowiak, A. S. C. is a Polish cinematographer and director. In the early 1980s, Bartkowiak was cinematographer on three films that received Academy Award nominations for Best Picture, The Verdict, Terms of Endearment, and Prizzis Honor. During that decade, Bartkowiak also developed a working relationship with director Sidney Lumet. Cradle 2 the Grave was a success at the box-office. Later he teamed up with Ashok Amritrajs Hyde Park Entertainment and Capcom to direct Street Fighter, in 2010, he worked as cinematographer in the thriller Trespass, directed by Joel Schumacher, both had collaborated before on Falling Down. During his first films as a director he collaborated a few times with the rapper DMX, as cinematographer Bartkowiak has collaborated with several well-known film directors such as Sidney Lumet, Joel Schumacher and Roger Donaldson. Andrzej Bartkowiak at the Internet Movie Database
Andrzej Bartkowiak
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Bartkowiak at the premiere of Doom, October 2005
10.
20th Century Fox
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Twentieth Century Fox Film Corporation is an American film studio currently owned by 21st Century Fox. It is one of the Big Six major American film studios and is located in the Century City area of Los Angeles, the studio was formerly owned by News Corporation. 20th Century Fox is a member of the Motion Picture Association of America, in 2015, 20th Century Fox celebrated its 80th anniversary as a studio. Spyros Skouras, then manager of the Fox West Coast Theaters, the studios biggest star, Will Rogers, died in a plane crash weeks after the merger. Its leading female star, Janet Gaynor, was fading in popularity and promising leading men James Dunn, at first, it was expected that the new company was originally to be called Fox-20th Century, even though 20th Century was the senior partner in the merger. However, 20th Century brought more to the bargaining table besides Schenck and Zanuck, the new company, 20th Century-Fox Film Corporation, began trading on May 31,1935, the hyphen was dropped in 1985. Schenck became Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, while Kent remained as President, Zanuck became Vice President in Charge of Production, replacing Foxs longtime production chief Winfield Sheehan. The company established a training school. The contracts included an option for renewal for as long as seven years. For many years, 20th Century Fox claimed to have founded in 1915. For instance, it marked 1945 as its 30th anniversary, however, in recent years it has claimed the 1935 merger as its founding, even though most film historians agree it was founded in 1915. The companys films retained the 20th Century Pictures searchlight logo on their credits as well as its opening fanfare. Also on the Fox payroll he found two players who he built up into the studios leading assets, Alice Faye and seven-year-old Shirley Temple, favoring popular biographies and musicals, Zanuck built Fox back to profitability. Thanks to record attendance during World War II, Fox overtook RKO, while Zanuck went off for eighteen months war service, junior partner William Goetz kept profits high by going for light entertainment. The studios—indeed the industrys—biggest star was creamy blonde Betty Grable, in 1942, Spyros Skouras succeeded Kent as president of the studio. Together with Zanuck, who returned in 1943, they intended to make Foxs output more serious-minded. During the next few years, with pictures like The Razors Edge, Wilson, Gentlemans Agreement, The Snake Pit, Boomerang, and Pinky, Zanuck established a reputation for provocative, adult films. Fox also specialized in adaptations of best-selling books such as Ben Ames Williams Leave Her to Heaven, starring Gene Tierney and they also made the 1958 film version of South Pacific
20th Century Fox
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Logo used as of 2013
20th Century Fox
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Entrance to 20th Century Fox studio lot.
20th Century Fox
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Carmen Miranda in
The Gang's All Here. In 1946, she was the highest-paid actress in the United States.
20th Century Fox
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Alice Faye,
Don Ameche, and
Carmen Miranda in
That Night in Rio, produced by Fox in 1941.
11.
Lawyer
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A lawyer is a person who practices law, as an advocate, barrister, attorney, counselor or solicitor or chartered legal executive. The role of the lawyer varies greatly across legal jurisdictions, in practice, legal jurisdictions exercise their right to determine who is recognized as being a lawyer. As a result, the meaning of the lawyer may vary from place to place. In Australia, the lawyer is used to refer to both barristers and solicitors. In Canada, the word lawyer refers to individuals who have been called to the bar or. Common law lawyers in Canada are formally and properly called barristers and solicitors, however, in Quebec, civil law advocates often call themselves attorney and sometimes barrister and solicitor in English. The Legal Services Act 2007 defines the activities that may only be performed by a person who is entitled to do so pursuant to the Act. Lawyer is not a protected title, in India, the term lawyer is often colloquially used, but the official term is advocate as prescribed under the Advocates Act,1961. In Scotland, the word refers to a more specific group of legally trained people. It specifically includes advocates and solicitors, in a generic sense, it may also include judges and law-trained support staff. In the United States, the term refers to attorneys who may practice law. It is never used to refer to patent agents or paralegals, in fact, there are regulatory restrictions on non-lawyers like paralegals practicing law. Other nations tend to have terms for the analogous concept. In most countries, particularly civil law countries, there has been a tradition of giving many legal tasks to a variety of civil law notaries, clerks, and scriveners. Several countries that originally had two or more legal professions have since fused or united their professions into a type of lawyer. Most countries in this category are common law countries, though France, in countries with fused professions, a lawyer is usually permitted to carry out all or nearly all the responsibilities listed below. Arguing a clients case before a judge or jury in a court of law is the province of the barrister in England. However, the boundary between barristers and solicitors has evolved, in England today, the barrister monopoly covers only appellate courts, and barristers must compete directly with solicitors in many trial courts
Lawyer
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Dr Alberico Gentili (1552-1608), one of the best known lawyers.
Lawyer
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A French lawyer
Lawyer
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Law Faculty of
Comenius University in
Bratislava (Slovakia).
Lawyer
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U.S. President Abraham Lincoln is a famous example of a lawyer who became a politician.
12.
Academy Awards
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The various category winners are awarded a copy of a golden statuette, officially called the Academy Award of Merit, which has become commonly known by its nickname Oscar. The awards, first presented in 1929 at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel, are overseen by AMPAS, the awards ceremony was first broadcast on radio in 1930 and televised for the first time in 1953. It is now live in more than 200 countries and can be streamed live online. The Academy Awards ceremony is the oldest worldwide entertainment awards ceremony and its equivalents – the Emmy Awards for television, the Tony Awards for theater, and the Grammy Awards for music and recording – are modeled after the Academy Awards. The 89th Academy Awards ceremony, honoring the best films of 2016, were held on February 26,2017, at the Dolby Theatre, in Los Angeles, the ceremony was hosted by Jimmy Kimmel and was broadcast on ABC. A total of 3,048 Oscars have been awarded from the inception of the award through the 88th, the first Academy Awards presentation was held on May 16,1929, at a private dinner function at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel with an audience of about 270 people. The post-awards party was held at the Mayfair Hotel, the cost of guest tickets for that nights ceremony was $5. Fifteen statuettes were awarded, honoring artists, directors and other participants in the industry of the time. The ceremony ran for 15 minutes, winners were announced to media three months earlier, however, that was changed for the second ceremony in 1930. Since then, for the rest of the first decade, the results were given to newspapers for publication at 11,00 pm on the night of the awards. The first Best Actor awarded was Emil Jannings, for his performances in The Last Command and he had to return to Europe before the ceremony, so the Academy agreed to give him the prize earlier, this made him the first Academy Award winner in history. With the fourth ceremony, however, the system changed, for the first six ceremonies, the eligibility period spanned two calendar years. At the 29th ceremony, held on March 27,1957, until then, foreign-language films had been honored with the Special Achievement Award. The 74th Academy Awards, held in 2002, presented the first Academy Award for Best Animated Feature, since 1973, all Academy Awards ceremonies always end with the Academy Award for Best Picture. The Academy also awards Nicholl Fellowships in Screenwriting, see also § Awards of Merit categories The best known award is the Academy Award of Merit, more popularly known as the Oscar statuette. The five spokes represent the branches of the Academy, Actors, Writers, Directors, Producers. The model for the statuette is said to be Mexican actor Emilio El Indio Fernández, sculptor George Stanley sculpted Cedric Gibbons design. The statuettes presented at the ceremonies were gold-plated solid bronze
Academy Awards
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Academy Awards
Academy Awards
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31st Academy Awards Presentations,
Pantages Theatre, Hollywood, 1959
Academy Awards
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81st Academy Awards Presentations,
Dolby Theatre, Hollywood, 2009
Academy Awards
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Pantages Theatre, 2008
13.
Academy Award for Best Actor
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The Academy Award for Best Actor is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. It is given in honor of an actor who has delivered a performance in a leading role while working within the film industry. The 1st Academy Awards ceremony was held in 1929 with Emil Jannings receiving the award for his roles in The Last Command and The Way of All Flesh. Currently, nominees are determined by single transferable vote within the branch of AMPAS. In the first three years of the awards, actors were nominated as the best in their categories, at that time, all of their work during the qualifying period was listed after the award. The following year, this unwieldy and confusing system was replaced by the current system in which an actor is nominated for a performance in a single film. Starting with the 9th ceremony held in 1937, the category was officially limited to five nominations per year, since its inception, the award has been given to 79 actors. Daniel Day-Lewis has received the most awards in this category with three Oscars, spencer Tracy and Laurence Olivier were nominated on nine occasions, more than any other actor. As of the 2017 ceremony, Casey Affleck is the most recent winner in category for his role as Lee Chandler in Manchester by the Sea. In the following table, the years are listed as per Academy convention, and generally correspond to the year of release in Los Angeles County. For the first five ceremonies, the eligibility period spanned twelve months from August 1 to July 31, for the 6th ceremony held in 1934, the eligibility period lasted from August 1,1932 to December 31,1933
Academy Award for Best Actor
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Emil Jannings (center) was the first winner in this category for his roles in 1928's
The Last Command and 1927's
The Way of All Flesh.
Academy Award for Best Actor
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Warner Baxter won in 1928 for his performance in
In Old Arizona.
Academy Award for Best Actor
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George Arliss won in 1929 for his performance in
Disraeli.
Academy Award for Best Actor
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Lionel Barrymore won in 1930 for his performance in
A Free Soul.
14.
Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor
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The Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. It is given in honor of an actor who has delivered a performance in a supporting role while working within the film industry. At the 9th Academy Awards ceremony held in 1937, Walter Brennan was the first winner of award for his role in Come. Initially, winners in both supporting acting categories were awarded instead of statuettes. Beginning with the 16th ceremony held in 1944, however, winners received full-sized statuettes, currently, nominees are determined by single transferable vote within the actors branch of AMPAS, winners are selected by a plurality vote from the entire eligible voting members of the Academy. Since its inception, the award has given to 72 actors. Brennan has received the most awards in this category with three awards, Brennan, Jeff Bridges, Robert Duvall, Arthur Kennedy, Jack Nicholson, and Claude Rains were nominated on four occasions, more than any other actor. As of the 2017 ceremony, Mahershala Ali is the most recent winner in category for his role as Juan in Moonlight. In the following table, the years are listed as per Academy convention, and generally correspond to the year of release in Los Angeles County. Toronto, Ontario, Canada, University of Toronto Press, ISBN 978-1-55002-574-3. org The Academy Awards Database Oscar. com Complete Downloadable List of Academy Award Nominees
Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor
–
Walter Brennan was the first winner in this category for 1936's
Come and Get It; He would also win for his roles in
Kentucky (1938) and
The Westerner (1940).
Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor
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Van Heflin won in 1942 for his performance in
Johnny Eager.
Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor
–
George Sanders won for his role in 1950's
All About Eve.
Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor
–
Karl Malden won in 1951 for
A Streetcar Named Desire.
15.
Academy Award for Directing
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The Academy Award for Best Director is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. It is given in honor of a director who has exhibited outstanding directing while working in the film industry. However, these categories were merged for all subsequent ceremonies, nominees are determined by single transferable vote within the directors branch of AMPAS, winners are selected by a plurality vote from the entire eligible voting members of the Academy. For the first eleven years of the Academy Awards, directors were allowed to be nominated for multiple films in the same year, the Academy Awards for Best Director and Best Picture have been very closely linked throughout their history. Of the 89 films that have been awarded Best Picture,63 have also been awarded Best Director, since its inception, the award has been given to 69 directors or directing teams. John Ford has received the most awards in this category with four, william Wyler was nominated on twelve occasions, more than any other individual. As of the 2017 ceremony, Damien Chazelle is the most recent winner in category for his work on La La Land. Chazelle also became the youngest director in history to receive this award, two directing teams have shared the award, Robert Wise and Jerome Robbins for West Side Story in 1961 and Joel and Ethan Coen for No Country for Old Men in 2007. The Coen brothers are the siblings to have won the award. For the first five ceremonies, the eligibility period spanned twelve months from August 1 to July 31, for the 6th ceremony held in 1934, the eligibility period lasted from August 1,1932 to December 31,1933. Since the 7th ceremony held in 1935, the period of eligibility became the full calendar year from January 1 to December 31. org The Academy Awards Database Oscar. com
Academy Award for Directing
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Frank Borzage, co-winner of the first award.
Academy Award for Directing
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Lewis Milestone, co-winner of the first award.
Academy Award for Directing
–
John Ford has the most awards with four.
Academy Award for Directing
–
Clint Eastwood is the oldest winner for directing
Million Dollar Baby.
16.
Archdiocese of Boston
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The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Boston is an ecclesiastical territory or Archdiocese of the Roman Catholic Church in the New England region of the United States. It comprises several counties of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts and it is led by a prelate archbishop who serves as pastor of the mother church, Cathedral of the Holy Cross in the South End of Boston. As of 2009, there are 292 parishes in the archdiocese, in 2007, the archdiocese estimated that 1.8 million Catholics were in the territory, of whom about 315,000 regularly attended Mass. The original Diocese of Boston was canonically erected on April 8,1808 by Pope Pius VII and it took its territories from the larger historic Diocese of Baltimore and consisted of the states of Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island and Vermont. On February 12,1875, Pope Pius IX elevated the diocese to the rank of an archdiocese, in the 1920s, Cardinal William OConnell moved the chancery from offices near Holy Cross Cathedral in the South End to 127 Lake Street in Brighton. Lake Street became shorthand for the Bishop and the office of the Archdiocese, in September 2003, the Archdiocese settled over 500 abuse-related claims for $85 million. In June 2004, the residence and the chancery in Brighton and surrounding lands were sold to Boston College. The offices of the Archdiocese were moved to Braintree, Massachusetts, the diocesan seminary, Saint Johns Seminary, remains on the property in Brighton. The diocesan newspaper The Pilot has been published in Boston since 1829, the Archdioceses Catholic Television Center, founded in 1955, produces programs and operates the cable television network CatholicTV. From 1964 to 1966, it owned and operated a broadcast television station under the call letters WIHS-TV, the Archdiocese of Boston is also metropolitan see for the Ecclesiastical province of Boston. This means that the archbishop of Boston is the metropolitan for the province, the Archdiocese of Boston is divided into five pastoral regions, each headed by an episcopal vicar. The following are lists of the Bishops and Archbishops of Boston, Auxiliaries of Boston, also included are other priests of this diocese who served elsewhere as bishop. † = deceased † Jean-Louis Lefebvre de Cheverus appointed Bishop of Montauban, created Cardinal in 1836, † Cardinal Humberto Sousa Medeiros died Cardinal Bernard Francis Law resigned, appointed Archpriest of the Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore in 2004, retired on November 21,2011. In 1993 the archdiocese had 53,569 students in 195 archdiocesean parochial schools, Boston had the largest number of parochial schools,48 schools with a combined total of about 16,000 students. Eugene F. Sullivan Sr. Kathleen Carr, CSJ Mary Grassa ONeill Mary E. Moran Kathleen Power Mears Cardinal Cushing High School, South Boston Christopher Columbus High School
Archdiocese of Boston
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Archdiocese of Boston Archidioecesis Bostoniensis
Archdiocese of Boston
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Coat of arms of the Archdiocese of Boston
Archdiocese of Boston
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Cathedral of the Holy Cross in Boston
Archdiocese of Boston
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Cardinal Seán O'Malley, Archbishop of Boston
17.
Edward Binns
–
Edward Binns was an American stage, film, and television actor. He had a career in film and television, often portraying competent, hard working. Binns was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and he graduated from the Pennsylvania State University in 1937. Binns theatrical career began shortly after his 1937 college graduation, when he participated in a theatre in Cleveland. He followed that with a year as actor and director of the Pan-American Theatre in Mexico City, next, he went to the University of Pennsylvania as an instructor, directing stock theater companies. One of the first members of the newly formed Actors Studio and his Broadway credits include Ghosts, Caligula and Command Decision. Beginning in 1942, Binns served in the Army Air Force, after graduating from Officer Candidate School, he was an armament officer in the China-Burma-India Theater. After appearing in a number of Broadway plays, Binns began appearing in films in the early 1950s, Binns was featured as a police detective in Alfred Hitchcocks North by Northwest and played a key role as bomber pilot Colonel Grady in Fail-Safe. His other films include Judgment at Nuremberg, The Americanization of Emily, The Plainsman, Night Moves, Binns starred as Lieutenant Roy Brenner in Brenner, a crime drama on CBS. He was cast in CBSs Richard Diamond, Private Detective, The Investigators, Binns appeared as Colonel Robert Baldwin with June Allyson as his screen wife, Eleanor Baldwin, in the 1961 episode Without Fear of Allysons CBS anthology series, The DuPont Show with June Allyson. He had a role in Rod Serlings The Twilight Zone in the 1960 episode I Shot an Arrow into the Air. He portrayed a marine biologist obsessed with a whale in the Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea episode The Ghost of Moby Dick, Binns also appeared in two episodes of ABCs The Untouchables as gunman Steve Ballard and in a later episode as a doctor. He was a cast member of CBSs The Nurses from 1962 through 1964 and he appeared in an episode of the ABC espionage drama Blue Light early in 1966, and in ABCs It Takes a Thief with Robert Wagner. His distinctive voice was heard in hundreds of radio and television commercials. Binns married journalist Marcia Legere in December 1956 and he had one daughter with her and two daughters from a previous marriage. At the time of his death, he was married to actress Elizabeth Franz, Binns died from a heart attack at the age of 74 while traveling from New York City to his home in Connecticut. His ashes were scattered at his residence, halls of Montezuma as First Soldier in Final Tracking Shot Teresa as Sgt. Brown Without Warning. as Lt. Pete Hamilton Vice Squad as Al Barkis Patterns as Elevator Starter The Scarlet Hour as Sgt
Edward Binns
–
Binns in 1959.
18.
Julie Bovasso
–
Julia Anne Bovasso was an American actress of stage, screen and television. Bovasso was born in Bensonhurst, Brooklyn, New York, the daughter of Angela Mary and Bernard Michael Bovasso and she attended The High School of Music & Art in Manhattan. Bovasso appeared in films, including Saturday Night Fever as Florence Manero. She reprised the role in the films 1983 sequel, Staying Alive, prior to Saturday Night Fever, Bovasso appeared in appeared in the 1970 Otto Preminger film, Tell Me That You Love Me, Junie Moon. IN addition to Staying Alive, she was a number of films in the 1980s, including Willie & Phil, The Verdict, Daniel, Off Beat, Wise Guys, IN the 1990s, Bovasso was seen in Betsys Wedding and My Blue Heaven. On-stage, Bavasso wrote and appeared in avant-garde productions off-Broadway such as Jean Genets The Maids, for the latter, she won the first Best Actress Obie Award in 1956, presented to her by Shelley Winters. Prior to her work, Bovasso established the experimental Manhattan Tempo Playhouse on 8th Street. There, she introduced works of the Theater of the Absurd, including those of the playwrights Jean Genet, Eugene Ionesco and Michel de Ghelderode, Bovasso also performed with The Living Theater and had a longstanding relationship with La Mama Experimental Theatre Club. A sought-after acting coach, Bovasso was known as an exacting instructor, as per the DVD commentary, Bovasso coached both Cher and Olympia Dukakis on their Brooklyn accents in the film Moonstruck. In her earlier acting days, she played Rose Corelli Fraser in the soap opera. She was subsequently fired from that show, due to a disagreement with producers, Bovasso was briefly married to painter George Earl Ortman. In September 1991, Bovasso died in New York City of cancer at the age of 61, Moon Dreamers Schuberts Last Serenade Gloria and Esperanza Monday on the Way to Mercury Island Julie Bovasso at the Internet Movie Database Julie Bovasso at AllMovie
Julie Bovasso
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Bovasso in 1956
19.
Wesley Addy
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Robert Wesley Addy was an American actor. Addy was born in Omaha, Nebraska, the son of Maren S. Addy served in the United States Army during World War II. He played many roles on the Broadway stage, including several Shakespearean ones, also on television he played roles on The Edge of Night in the 1950s. He made two guest appearances on Perry Mason, Alton Brent in the 1962 episode, The Case of the Weary Watchdog, later, during the 1970s-1980s, he played publisher Bill Woodard on Ryans Hope and patriarch Cabot Alden on the Agnes Nixon-Douglas Marland serial Loving. His television career also includes guest appearances on The Defenders, The Outer Limits, The Fugitive, Ironside, in motion pictures, Addys career spanned four decades. Robert Aldrich used him as supporting actor in pictures, such as Kiss Me Deadly, The Big Knife. Hush, Sweet Charlotte and The Grissom Gang, in 1976, Addy appeared in Paddy Chayefskys Network, directed by Sidney Lumet. They would work again in The Verdict, in which Addy played a doctor who nearly derails Paul Newmans case against a hospital for malpractice. Another of Addys best-remembered roles was that of Lt. Commander Alvin Kramer and he was married to actress Celeste Holm from 1961 until his death. The couple lived in Washington Township, Morris County, New Jersey, – Marty McDonald 4 for Texas – Winthrop Trowbridge Hush. Hush, Sweet Charlotte – Sheriff Luke Standish Seconds – John Mister Buddwing – Dice Player The Rat Patrol - Col. Ulrich Leske Tora. Alvin D. Kramer The Grissom Gang – John P. Blandish Network – Nelson Chaney The Europeans – Mr. Wentworth The Verdict – Dr. Towler The Bostonians – Dr
Wesley Addy
–
Wesley Addy
20.
Kent Broadhurst
–
Kent Broadhurst is an American actor, playwright, and screenwriter. He has appeared in a number of off-Broadway and regional theater productions, Broadhurst has also acted in films, including The Verdict, Silkwood, and Silver Bullet, and in television productions including Babylon 5, Law & Order, War and Remembrance, and Kane and Abel. He wrote the screenplay for the 2001 television film Wild Iris, Broadhurst was born in St. Louis, Missouri. He graduated from the University of Nebraska in 1962, and now lives in New York, Kent Broadhurst at the Internet Movie Database Kent Broadhurst at the Internet Off-Broadway Database
Kent Broadhurst
21.
Tobin Bell
–
Tobin Bell is an American film and television character actor. He is best known for his portrayal of John Kramer/Jigsaw of the Saw film series, a life member of the Actors Studio, Bell also voice acted his Jigsaw character in two video games based on the films, Saw and its sequel, Saw II, Flesh & Blood. Bells portrayal of Jigsaw has earned him five award nominations and two wins, Bell was born in Queens, New York and raised in Weymouth, Massachusetts. His English-born mother, Eileen Julia Bell Tobin, is an actress who worked at the Quincy Repertory Company. His American-born father, Joseph H. Tobin, who was of Irish descent, built and established the radio station WJDA in Quincy, Massachusetts in 1947 and once ran for mayor of Gloversville, bells maternal grandmother, Julia Gandon Bell, was born in Cork, Ireland. Bell has one sister and one brother, Bell studied liberal arts and journalism in college, with the intention of becoming a writer and entering the broadcasting field. He also has an interest in matters, holding a masters degree in environmental science from Montclair State University as well as having worked for the New York Botanical Garden. He credits hearing a seminar by Hume Cronyn and Jessica Tandy at Boston University with inspiring him to begin an acting career, Bell later joined the Actors Studio where he studied with Lee Strasberg and Ellen Burstyn, and joined Sanford Meisners Neighborhood Playhouse. He played background roles in the late 70s and early 80s in over 30 films, including films by Woody Allen and Martin Scorsese, Bell said that other actors at the Actors Studio thought doing stand-in and background work was stupid or degrading, but he never felt that way. In 1982, Bell had a short uncredited scene in the Sydney Pollack film, Tootsie and he told Movieline, You know, when youre talking about Tootsie, its the tip of the iceberg, because those other twenty-nine films I did arent even on the IMDb. He worked on The Verdict for two weeks as a reporter in the trial. He recollected it being a great opportunity watching Sidney Lumet and Paul Newman, for every role he plays, starting with the initial reading of the script to the final shot of a production, he keeps a journal of various questions about and motivations for his character. I write all kinds of things that help me. In 1982 Bell landed his first speaking role in the last few moments of the drama Sophies Choice, in the mid-1980s, Bell said I was doing off-Broadway plays three nights a week, working on my craft. And a director at the Actors Studio said, You know, I think you should go to Hollywood and play bad guys. Bell moved to Los Angeles and was cast in his first feature film, Alan Parkers Mississippi Burning, as a tough, street smart, Bell played an assassin called The Nordic Man in another Pollack film, The Firm. He went on to appear in an episode of the sitcom Seinfeld titled The Old Man playing a store owner. He appeared in two episodes of NYPD Blue playing different characters and that same year, he portrayed the Unabomber in the made-for-television film Unabomber, The True Story
Tobin Bell
–
Bell at the 2007
Scream Awards
Tobin Bell
–
Bell at the premiere of
Saw 3D on October 27, 2010.
Tobin Bell
–
Bell at the 2010
San Diego Comic-Con.
22.
Bruce Willis
–
Walter Bruce Willis is an American actor, producer, and singer. His career began on the Off-Broadway stage and then in television in the 1980s and he is known for his role of John McClane in the Die Hard series. He has appeared in over 60 films, including Color of Night, Pulp Fiction,12 Monkeys, The Fifth Element, Armageddon, The Sixth Sense, Unbreakable, Sin City, Red, The Expendables 2, and Looper. Willis married actress Demi Moore in 1987, and they had three daughters, including Rumer, before their divorce in 2000, since 2009, he has been married to model Emma Heming, with whom he has two daughters. Willis was born Walter Bruce Willis on March 19,1955, in the town of Idar-Oberstein and his father, David Willis, was an American soldier. His mother, Marlene, was German, born in Kassel, Willis is the oldest of four children, he has a sister, Florence, and a brother, David. His brother Robert died of cancer in 2001, aged 42. After being discharged from the military in 1957, Williss father took his back to Carneys Point Township. Willis has described himself as having come from a line of blue collar people. His mother worked in a bank and his father was a welder, master mechanic, Willis attended Penns Grove High School in his hometown, where he encountered issues with a stutter. He was nicknamed Buck-Buck by his schoolmates, after high school, Willis took a job as a security guard at the Salem Nuclear Power Plant and transported work crews at the DuPont Chambers Works factory in Deepwater, New Jersey. After working as an investigator, Willis turned to acting. He enrolled in the Drama Program at Montclair State University, where he was cast in the production of Cat on a Hot Tin Roof. Willis left school in his year and moved to New York City. Willis left New York City and headed to California to audition for television shows. In 1984, he appeared in an episode of the TV series Miami Vice, in 1985, he was the guest actor in the first episode of the 1980s revival of The Twilight Zone, Shatterday. He auditioned for the role of David Addison Jr. of the television series Moonlighting, competing against 3,000 other actors for the position, during the height of the shows success, beverage maker Seagram hired Willis as the pitchman for their Golden Wine Cooler products. The advertising campaign paid the rising star between $5–7 million over two years, in spite of that, Willis chose not to renew his contract with the company when he decided to stop drinking alcohol in 1988
Bruce Willis
–
Willis at the 2010
San Diego Comic-Con International
Bruce Willis
–
Willis upon receiving an Emmy Award in 1987 for Best Actor in
Moonlighting
Bruce Willis
–
Willis at the
2006 Cannes Film Festival
Bruce Willis
–
Willis at a
Live Free or Die Hard premiere in June 2007
23.
Roy Scheider
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Roy Richard Scheider was an American actor and amateur boxer. Scheider gained fame for his leading and supporting roles in several films from the 1970s. Scheider is also known for playing Captain Nathan Bridger in the science fiction television series seaQuest DSV, described by AllMovie as one of the most unique and distinguished of all Hollywood actors, Scheider was nominated for two Academy Awards, a Golden Globe Award and a BAFTA Award. Scheider was born in Orange, New Jersey, the son of Anna, Scheiders mother was of Irish descent with an Irish Catholic background, while his father was a Protestant German American. As a child, Scheider was an athlete, participating in organized baseball and boxing competitions, for which he was classed as a welterweight, Scheider competed in the Diamond Gloves Boxing Tournament in Elizabeth, New Jersey. He attended Columbia High School in Maplewood, New Jersey, graduating in 1950 and he traded his boxing gloves for the stage, studying drama at both Rutgers University and Franklin and Marshall College, where he was a member of Phi Kappa Psi fraternity. Between 1946 and 1949, Scheider boxed as an amateur in New Jersey, Scheider said in a television interview in the 1980s, that he took up boxing to lose weight. He said he had no desire to fight, but that his trainer, Georgie Ward, in his second bout, at the 1946 Diamond Gloves Tournament, Scheider suffered a broken nose and lost by technical knockout in two rounds to Myron Greenberg. He went on, however, to post a 13–1 record, after three years as an officer in the United States Air Force, he appeared with the New York Shakespeare Festival, and won an Obie Award in 1968. On television, Scheider played running roles on two CBS soap operas, Love of Life and The Secret Storm, and also played roles in episodes of Coronet Blue. Scheiders first film role was in the 1963 horror film The Curse of the Living Corpse and his first starring role came in 1973 in The Seven-Ups, a quasi-follow-up to The French Connection, in which Scheiders character is once again based on Grosso. Two years later, he portrayed Chief Martin Brody in the 1975 Hollywood blockbuster Jaws which also starred Robert Shaw, Scheiders famous movie line, Youre gonna need a bigger boat, ad-libbed by Scheider, was voted 35th on the American Film Institutes list of best movie quotes. In 1976, he appeared as secret agent Doc Levy in Marathon Man, with Dustin Hoffman, Scheider reunited with French Connection director William Friedkin in Sorcerer, a remake of the 1953 French film Le Salaire de la peur. He was originally cast in The Deer Hunter, the movie of a three-movie deal with Universal Studios. However, despite being under contract, Scheider dropped out two weeks before the start of filming, Universal offered him the option of reprising his role as Martin Brody for a Jaws sequel, and would consider his contractual obligations fulfilled if he accepted. Scheider accepted, and Jaws 2 was released in 1978, in 1979, he received his second Academy Award nomination, this time as Best Actor in All That Jazz, in which he played a fictionalized version of the films director and co-writer Bob Fosse. One of his parts was that of Dr. Benway in the long-in-production 1991 film adaptation of William S. Burroughs novel Naked Lunch. In 1990 he co-starred with Sean Connery in The Russia House as the smart-talking CIA liaison with MI6, among his later films, he appeared as the crusty father of hero Frank Castle in The Punisher, and in 2007, starred in The Poet and If I Didnt Care
Roy Scheider
–
Scheider in 2007
24.
William Holden
–
William Holden was an American actor who was one of the biggest box-office draws of the 1950s through the 1970s. He won the Academy Award for Best Actor in 1953 for his role in Stalag 17, and a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor for his role in the 1973 television film The Blue Knight. He was named one of the Top 10 Stars of the Year six times, Holden was born William Franklin Beedle, Jr. in OFallon, Illinois, the son of Mary Blanche, a schoolteacher, and William Franklin Beedle, an industrial chemist. He had two brothers, Robert Westfield Beedle and Richard P. Beedle. His family moved to South Pasadena when he was three, after graduating from South Pasadena High School, Holden attended Pasadena Junior College, where he became involved in local radio plays. A version of how he obtained his stage name Holden is based on a statement by George Ross of Billboard, William Holden, and here is how he obtained his new movie tag. On the Columbia lot is an assistant director and scout named Harold Winston, not long ago he was divorced from the actress, Gloria Holden, but carried the torch after the marital rift. Winston was one of those who discovered the Golden Boy newcomer, Holdens first starring role was in Golden Boy, costarring Barbara Stanwyck, in which he played a violinist-turned-boxer. He was still an actor at the time, while Stanwyck was already a film star. She liked Holden and went out of her way to help him succeed, devoting her time to coaching and encouraging him. When she received her Honorary Oscar at the 1982 Academy Award ceremony, at the end of her acceptance speech, she paid him a personal tribute, I loved him very much, and I miss him. He always wished that I would get an Oscar, and so tonight, my golden boy, you got your wish. Next he starred with George Raft and Humphrey Bogart in the Warner Bros. gangster epic Invisible Stripes later the same year, Holden earned his first Best Actor Oscar nomination with the part. Getting the part was a break for Holden, as the role was initially cast with Montgomery Clift. Swanson later said, Bill Holden was a man I could have fallen in love with and he was perfection on- and off-screen. And Wilder himself commented, Bill was a guy, a totally honorable friend. Every woman was in love with him and he co-starred as Humphrey Bogarts younger brother, a carefree playboy, in Sabrina, played by Audrey Hepburn. It was Holdens third film with director Billy Wilder, Holden and Hepburn became romantically involved during the filming, unbeknown to Wilder, People on the set told me later that Bill and Audrey were having an affair, and everybody knew
William Holden
–
Holden in a publicity photo, 1954
William Holden
–
With
Lee J. Cobb (right) in Holden's first starring role in a film,
Golden Boy (1939)
William Holden
–
With
Gloria Swanson in
Sunset Boulevard (1950)
William Holden
–
With
Audrey Hepburn in Sabrina (1954)
25.
Frank Sinatra
–
Francis Albert Sinatra was an American singer, actor, and producer who was one of the most popular and influential musical artists of the 20th century. He is one of the music artists of all time. Born in Hoboken, New Jersey, to Italian immigrants, Sinatra began his career in the swing era with bandleaders Harry James. Sinatra found success as a solo artist after he signed with Columbia Records in 1943 and he released his debut album, The Voice of Frank Sinatra, in 1946. Sinatras professional career had stalled by the early 1950s, and he turned to Las Vegas and his career was reborn in 1953 with the success of From Here to Eternity, with his performance subsequently winning an Academy Award and Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor. Sinatra released several critically lauded albums, including In the Wee Small Hours, Come Fly with Me, Only the Lonely and Nice n Easy. Sinatra left Capitol in 1960 to start his own label, Reprise Records. It was followed by 1968s collaboration with Duke Ellington, using his Las Vegas shows as a home base, he toured both within the United States and internationally until a short time before his death in 1998. Sinatra forged a successful career as a film actor. After winning an Academy Award for From Here to Eternity, he starred in The Man with the Golden Arm and he appeared in various musicals such as On the Town, Guys and Dolls, High Society, and Pal Joey, winning another Golden Globe for the latter. Toward the end of his career, he associated with playing detectives. Sinatra would later receive the Golden Globe Cecil B, on television, The Frank Sinatra Show began on ABC in 1950, and he continued to make appearances on television throughout the 1950s and 1960s. While Sinatra never formally learned how to read music, he had a natural, intuitive understanding of it, a perfectionist, renowned for his impeccable dress sense and cleanliness, he always insisted on recording live with his band. His bright blue eyes earned him the popular nickname Ol Blue Eyes, Sinatra led a colorful personal life, and was often involved in turbulent affairs with women, such as with his second wife Ava Gardner. He went on to marry Mia Farrow in 1966 and Barbara Marx in 1976, Sinatra had several violent confrontations, usually with journalists he felt had crossed him, or work bosses with whom he had disagreements. He was honored at the Kennedy Center Honors in 1983, was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by Ronald Reagan in 1985, Sinatra was also the recipient of eleven Grammy Awards, including the Grammy Trustees Award, Grammy Legend Award and the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award. After his death, American music critic Robert Christgau called him the greatest singer of the 20th century, Francis Albert Sinatra was born on December 12,1915, in an upstairs tenement at 415 Monroe Street in Hoboken, New Jersey. He was the child of Italian immigrants Antonino Martino Marty Sinatra
Frank Sinatra
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Sinatra in 1957
Frank Sinatra
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Hoboken, New Jersey, early 20th century
Frank Sinatra
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Sinatra (far right) with the Hoboken Four on Major Bowes' Amateur Hour
Frank Sinatra
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Harry James in 1942
26.
Cary Grant
–
Cary Grant was a British-American actor, known as one of classic Hollywoods definitive leading men. He began a career in Hollywood in the early 1930s, and became known for his accent, debonair demeanor. He became an American citizen in 1942, Born in Horfield, Bristol, Grant became attracted to theatre at a young age, and began performing with a troupe known as The Penders from the age of six. After attending Bishop Road Primary School and Fairfield Grammar School in Bristol, he toured the country as a stage performer and he established a name for himself in vaudeville in the 1920s and toured the United States before moving to Hollywood in the early 1930s. Along with the later Arsenic and Old Lace and I Was a Male War Bride, having established himself as a major Hollywood star, he was nominated twice for the Academy Award for Best Actor, for Penny Serenade and None but the Lonely Heart. In the 1940s and 1950s, Grant forged a relationship with the director Alfred Hitchcock, appearing in films such as Suspicion, Notorious, To Catch a Thief. Hitchcock admired Grant and considered him to have been the actor that he had ever loved working with. His comic timing and delivery made Grant what Premiere magazine considers to have quite simply. Grant was married five times, three of his marriages were elopements with actresses—Virginia Cherrill, Betsy Drake and Dyan Cannon and he has one daughter with Cannon, Jennifer Grant. After his retirement from acting in 1966, Grant pursued numerous business interests, representing cosmetics firm Fabergé. He was presented with an Honorary Oscar by his friend Frank Sinatra at the 42nd Academy Awards in 1970, in 1999, the American Film Institute named Grant the second greatest male star of Golden Age Hollywood cinema, after Humphrey Bogart. Grant was born Archibald Alec Leach on January 18,1904 at 15 Hughenden Road in the northern Bristol suburb of Horfield and he was the second child of Elias James Leach and Elsie Maria Leach. Elias, the son of a potter, worked as a tailors presser at a factory, while Elsie. Grants elder brother, John William Elias Leach, died of tuberculous meningitis, Grant considered himself to have been partly Jewish. He had an upbringing, his father was an alcoholic. Wanting the best for her son, Elsie taught Grant song and dance when he was four and she would occasionally take him to the cinema where he enjoyed the performances of Charlie Chaplin, Chester Conklin, Fatty Arbuckle, Ford Sterling, Mack Swain and Broncho Billy Anderson. Grant entered education when he was four-and-a-half and was sent to the Bishop Road Primary School, Bristol, another biographer, Geoffrey Wansell, notes that Elsie blamed herself bitterly for the death of Grants older brother John, and never recovered from it. Grant later acknowledged that his experiences with his fiercely independent mother affected his relationships with women later in life
Cary Grant
–
Promotional photo of Cary Grant for
Suspicion (1941)
Cary Grant
–
Grant,
Rosalind Russell and
Ralph Bellamy in a publicity photo for
His Girl Friday (1940)
Cary Grant
–
With
Eva Marie Saint in Hitchcock's
North by Northwest (1959)
Cary Grant
–
With
Ingrid Bergman in
Alfred Hitchcock 's
Notorious (1946)
27.
Dustin Hoffman
–
Dustin Lee Hoffman is an American actor and a director, with a career in film, television, and theatre since 1960. Hoffman has been known for his portrayals of antiheroes and vulnerable characters. He won the Academy Award for Best Actor in 1980 for Kramer vs. Kramer, and in 1989 for Rain Man. Widely considered one of the finest actors in history, Hoffman first drew praise for starring in the play, Eh. for which he won a Theatre World Award. This achievement was followed by his breakthrough 1967 film role as Benjamin Braddock. Since that time, Hoffmans career has largely focused on the cinema, with sporadic returns to television. Hoffmans notable films include, Midnight Cowboy, Little Big Man, Straw Dogs, Papillon, Lenny, Marathon Man, All the Presidents Men, Kramer vs. Kramer, Tootsie, Rain Man, Hook and he made his directorial debut in 2012, with Quartet. Along with 2 Academy Award wins, Hoffman has been nominated for 5 additional Academy Awards and he has won 4 BAFTAs,3 Drama Desk Awards,2 Emmy Awards, and a Genie Award. Hoffman received the AFI Life Achievement Award in 1999, and the Kennedy Center Honors Award in 2012, Dustin Lee Hoffman was born on August 8,1937 in Los Angeles, California, the second son of Lillian and Harry Hoffman. His father worked as a supervisor at Columbia Pictures before becoming a furniture salesman. Hoffman was named after stage and silent screen actor, Dustin Farnum and his older brother, Ronald, is a lawyer and economist. Hoffman is Jewish, from an Ashkenazi family of immigrants from Ukraine, Poland and his upbringing was non-religious, and he has said, I don’t have any memory of celebrating holidays growing up that were Jewish, and that he had realized he was Jewish at around age 10. Hoffman graduated from Los Angeles High School in 1955 and enrolled at Santa Monica College with the intention of studying medicine. He left after a year to join the Pasadena Playhouse, although when he told his family about his career goal and he also took classes at the Neighborhood Playhouse in New York City. Hoffman initially hoped to become a classical pianist, having studied piano during much of his youth, while at Santa Monica College, he also took an acting class, which he assumed would be easy, and caught the acting bug. He recalls, I just was not gifted in music, now an aspiring actor, he spent the next ten years doing odd jobs, being unemployed, and struggling to get any available acting roles. He composed a song called Shooting the Breeze and Bette Midler wrote the words and his first acting role was at the Pasadena Playhouse, alongside future Academy Award-winner, Gene Hackman. After two years there, Hackman headed for New York City, with Hoffman soon following, Hoffman, Hackman and Robert Duvall lived together in the 1960s, all three of them focused on finding acting jobs
Dustin Hoffman
–
Dustin Hoffman in 1968
Dustin Hoffman
–
Hoffman in 1968
Dustin Hoffman
–
Hoffman on the set of Lenny (1974)
Dustin Hoffman
–
with
Bette Midler on Bette Midler TV Special (1977)
28.
Arthur Hiller
–
Arthur Hiller, OC was a Canadian-American television and film director, having directed over 33 films during his 50-year career. He began his career directing television in Canada and later in the U. S, by the late 1950s he began directing films, most often comedies. He also directed dramas and romantic subjects, such as Love Story, Hiller collaborated on a number of films with screenwriters Paddy Chayefsky and Neil Simon. Among his other films were The Americanization of Emily, Tobruk, The Hospital, The Out-of-Towners, Plaza Suite, The Man in the Glass Booth, Silver Streak, The In-Laws. Hiller served as president of the Directors Guild of America from 1989 to 1993 and president of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and he was the recipient of the Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award in 2002. An annual film festival in Hillers honor was held from 2006 until 2009 at his alma mater, Victoria School of Performing, Hiller was born in November 1923 in Edmonton, Alberta, the son of Rose and Harry Hiller. His family was Jewish, and had emigrated from Poland in 1912 and he had two sisters, one thirteen years older and one eleven years older. His father operated a second-hand musical instruments store in Edmonton, Hiller recalled that when he occasionally traveled home while he was in college, the blacks he met with treated me like a king. They told me that unlike other shopkeepers, he treated them like normal folks when they went to his store and he didnt look down on them. Hiller recalls they started up the Yiddish theater when he was seven or eight old, he helped set carpenters build. When he was eleven, he got a role acting as an old man, wearing a long beard and he says that the love of theater and music and literature my parents instilled in me contributed to his later choosing to direct TV and films. After he graduated high school, he joined the Royal Canadian Air Force in 1941 during World War II. He served as a navigator on four-engine Handley Page Halifax heavy bombers on missions over Nazi-controlled territory in Europe. After he returned from serving in the military, Hiller enrolled in and later graduated from University College, after Israel was declared a state in 1948, he and his wife unsuccessfully tried to join its army since it came under attack. He continued in college and received a Master of Arts degree in psychology in 1950, one of his first jobs after graduating was with Canadian radio directing various public affairs programs. Hiller began his career as a director with the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. NBC, one of the networks in the United States, seeing his work in Canada. Over the next few years, his work for the screen included episodes of Thriller, Alfred Hitchcock Presents, Gunsmoke, Naked City
Arthur Hiller
–
directing Love Story in 1970
29.
Jay Presson Allen
–
Jay Presson Allen was an American screenwriter, playwright, stage director, television producer and novelist. Known for her wit and sometimes-off-color wisecracks, she was one of the few women making a living as a screenwriter at a time when women were a rarity in the profession. You write to please yourself, she said, The only office where theres no superior is the office of the scribe. Allen was born Jacqueline Presson in San Angelo, Texas, the child of May, a buyer, and Albert Jeffrey Presson. She was never fond of her given name, and decided to use her first initial when writing. She would spend every Saturday and Sunday in the movie house, from that time on movies became very important to her, and Allen knew she wouldnt be staying in West Texas. Allen attended Miss Hockadays School for Young Ladies in Dallas for a couple of years and she skipped college and at 18 left home to become an actress. In the early 1940s, Allen married the first grown man who asked me Robert M. Davis a promising young singer and they lived in Claremont and it never occurred to her to get into the movie business as she had always considered it to be exotic. She always claimed her first husbands big fault was marrying someone too young and her novel, Spring Riot, was published in 1948 and got mixed reviews. Her next effort was a play, which she sent to producer Bob Whitehead, because he had produced Member of the Wedding, she thought he would like it since her play was also about a child, but the play came back from Whiteheads office rejected. Allen sat on it for a couple of months and sent it back and she was correct, and this time Whitehead read the play himself and instantly optioned it. The reader who had rejected her play was Lewis M. Allen whom she would later marry. Allen returned to New York and performed on radio and in cabaret, in the meantime she started writing again, little by little, and sold some of her work to live television programs like The Philco Television Playhouse. When she married Lewis M. Allen in 1955, they moved to the countryside and she had a baby, and spent two and a half absolutely wonderful years in the country. Eventually the couple back to the city to work. By then, Bob Whitehead had become a friend and encouraged Allen to write another play. She drew on her life and wrote The First Wife. It would later be made into the film Wives and Lovers in 1963, starring Janet Leigh, when Allen read The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie, by Muriel Spark, she instantly saw play potential where no-one else did
Jay Presson Allen
–
Jay Presson Allen
30.
Robert Redford
–
Charles Robert Redford Jr. is an American actor, director, producer, businessman, environmentalist, and philanthropist. Redford is the founder of the Sundance Film Festival, Redfords career began in 1960 as a guest star on numerous TV shows, including, The Untouchables, Perry Mason, Alfred Hitchcock Presents, and The Twilight Zone, among others. He earned an Emmy nomination as Best Supporting Actor for his performance in The Voice of Charlie Pont and his greatest Broadway success was as the stuffy newlywed husband of Elizabeth Ashley in Neil Simons Barefoot in the Park. Redford made his debut in War Hunt. His role in Inside Daisy Clover won him a Golden Globe for best new star and he starred in Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid, which was a huge success and made him a major star. The popular and acclaimed All the Presidents Men was a film for Redford. The first film that Redford directed, Ordinary People, was one of the most critically and publicly acclaimed films of the decade, winning four Oscars, and in the same year, he starred in Brubaker. He starred in Out of Africa, which was a critical and box office success. He released his film as a director, A River Runs Through It. Redford won the 1980 Academy Award for Best Director in 1981 for directing Ordinary People and he was previously nominated for Best Actor in 1974 for his performance in The Sting, and went on to receive Best Director and Best Picture nominations in 1995 for Quiz Show. He won a second Academy Award for Lifetime Achievement in 2002, in 2010, he was made a chevalier of the Légion dHonneur. He has won BAFTA, Directors Guild of America, Golden Globe, in April 2014, Time Magazine included Redford in their annual TIME100 as one of the Most Influential People in the World, declaring him the Godfather of Indie Film. In 2016, President Barack Obama honored Redford with a Presidential Medal of Freedom, Redford was born on August 18,1936, in Santa Monica, California to Martha W. and Charles Robert Redford, Sr. a milkman-turned-accountant. He has a stepbrother, William, from his fathers remarriage, Redford is of English, Irish, Scottish, and Scots-Irish ancestry. Redfords family moved to Van Nuys, California, while his father worked in El Segundo and he attended Van Nuys High School, where he was classmates with baseball pitcher Don Drysdale. He has described himself as having been a bad student, finding inspiration outside the classroom and he hit tennis balls with Pancho Gonzales at the Los Angeles Tennis Club to warm him up. After graduating from school in 1954, he attended the University of Colorado in Boulder for a year and a half. While there, he worked at the restaurant/bar The Sink, a painting of his likeness is prominent in the bars murals, while at Colorado, Redford began drinking heavily, and as a result lost his half-scholarship and was kicked out of school
Robert Redford
–
Robert Redford in 2012
Robert Redford
–
Redford in
Barefoot in the Park, 1967
Robert Redford
–
Redford at the
2013 Cannes Film Festival.
Robert Redford
–
Redford with
Melanie Griffith and
Sônia Braga, promoting
The Milagro Beanfield War at the
1988 Cannes Film Festival
31.
Sydney Pollack
–
Sydney Irwin Pollack was an American film director, producer and actor. Pollack directed more than 20 films and 10 television shows, acted in over 30 films or shows, some of his other best known works include Jeremiah Johnson, The Way We Were, Three Days of the Condor and Absence of Malice. His subsequent films included Havana, The Firm, The Interpreter, Sydney Pollack was born in Lafayette, Indiana, to a family of Jewish immigrants from Ukraine, the son of Rebecca and David Pollack, a semi-professional boxer and pharmacist. The family relocated to South Bend and his parents divorced when he was young and his mother, an alcoholic with emotional problems, died at the age of 37 while Pollack was a student. Despite earlier plans to attend college and then school, Pollack left Indiana for New York City soon after finishing high school at age 17. Pollack studied acting with Sanford Meisner at the Neighborhood Playhouse from 1952–54, after two years army service, ending in 1958, he returned to the Playhouse at Meisner’s invitation to become his assistant. In 1960, John Frankenheimer, a friend of Pollack, asked him to come to Los Angeles in order to work as a coach for the child actors on Frankenheimers first big picture. It was during this time that Pollack met Burt Lancaster who encouraged the actor to try directing. Pollack played a director in The Twilight Zone episode The Trouble with Templeton in 1961, but he found his real success in television in the 1960s by directing episodes of series, such as The Fugitive and Alfred Hitchcock Presents. After doing TV he made the jump into film with a string of movies that drew public attention and his film-directing debut was The Slender Thread. Over time, Pollacks films received a total of 48 Academy Award nominations and his first Oscar nomination was for his 1969 film They Shoot Horses, Dont They. and his second in 1982 for Tootsie. For his 1985 film Out of Africa starring Meryl Streep and Robert Redford, only Young and Lange won Oscars for their performances in one of Pollacks films. His disputes with Hoffman during the filming of Tootsie became well known, eventually Hoffman began pushing the idea that Pollack play the role of his agent, and Pollack reluctantly agreed despite not having had any film roles in 20 years. Their off-screen relationship added authenticity to their scenes in the movie, Pollack subsequently took on more acting roles in addition to producing and directing. He appeared as himself in the documentary One Six Right, describing his joy in owning and piloting his Cessna Citation X jet aircraft. As a character actor, Pollack appeared in such as A Civil Action. He also appeared in Woody Allens Husbands and Wives as a New York lawyer undergoing a midlife crisis and his last role was as Patrick Dempseys father in the 2008 romantic comedy Made of Honor, which was playing in theaters at the time of his death. He was a recurring guest star on the NBC sitcom Will & Grace, playing Will Trumans unfaithful but loving father, George Truman
Sydney Pollack
–
Pollack in 2006
32.
Rotten Tomatoes
–
Rotten Tomatoes is an American review aggregator website for film and television. The company was launched in August 1998 by Senh Duong and since January 2010 has been owned by Flixster, in February 2016, Rotten Tomatoes and its parent site Flixster were sold to Comcasts Fandango. Warner Bros. retained a minority stake in the merged entities, since 2007, the websites editor-in-chief has been Matt Atchity. The name, Rotten Tomatoes, derives from the practice of audiences throwing rotten tomatoes when disapproving of a stage performance. From early 2008 to September 2010, Current Television aired the weekly The Rotten Tomatoes Show, featuring hosts, a shorter segment was incorporated into the weekly show, InfoMania, which ended in 2011. In September 2013, the website introduced TV Zone, a section for reviewing scripted TV shows, Rotten Tomatoes was launched on August 12,1998, as a spare-time project by Senh Duong. His goal in creating Rotten Tomatoes was to create a site where people can get access to reviews from a variety of critics in the U. S. As a fan of Jackie Chans, Duong was inspired to create the website after collecting all the reviews of Chans movies as they were being published in the United States, the first movie whose reviews were featured on Rotten Tomatoes was Your Friends & Neighbors. The website was an success, receiving mentions by Netscape, Yahoo. and USA Today within the first week of its launch. They officially launched it on April 1,2000, in June 2004, IGN Entertainment acquired rottentomatoes. com for an undisclosed sum. In September 2005, IGN was bought by News Corps Fox Interactive Media, in January 2010, IGN sold the website to Flixster. The combined reach of both companies is 30 million unique visitors a month across all different platforms, according to the companies, in May 2011, Flixster was acquired by Warner Bros. In early 2009, Current Television launched the version of the web review site. It was hosted by Brett Erlich and Ellen Fox and written by Mark Ganek, the show aired every Thursday at 10,30 EST on the Current TV network. The last episode aired on September 16,2010 and it returned as a much shorter segment of InfoMania, a satirical news show that ended in 2011. By late 2009, the website was designed to enable Rotten Tomatoes users to create, one group, The Golden Oyster Awards, accepted votes of members for different awards, as if in parallel to the better-known Oscars or Golden Globes. When Flixster bought the company, they disbanded the groups, announcing, in the meantime, please use the Forums to continue your conversations about your favorite movie topics. As of February 2011, new community features have been added, for example, users can no longer sort films by fresh ratings from rotten ratings, and vice versa
Rotten Tomatoes
–
60–100%
Rotten Tomatoes
Rotten Tomatoes
–
≤0-59%
33.
Empire (magazine)
–
Empire is a British film magazine published monthly by Bauer Consumer Media of Hamburg based Bauer Media Group. From the first issue in July 1989, the magazine was edited by Barry McIlheney, Bauer purchased Emap Consumer Media in early 2008. It is the biggest selling magazine in the United Kingdom and is also published in the United States, Australia, Turkey, Russia, Italy. Empire organises the annual Empire Awards which were sponsored by Sony Ericsson, the awards are voted for by readers of the magazine. Empire is populist in both approach and coverage and it reviews both mainstream films and art films, but feature articles concentrate on the former. As well as news, previews, and reviews, Empire has some other regular features. Each issue features a Classic Scene, a transcript from a film scene. The first such classic scene to be featured was the I could have been a scene from On the Waterfront. The regular Top 10 feature lists Empires choice of the top ten examples of something film-related, for example,10 Best Chase Scenes or 10 Best Movie Gags in The Simpsons. The Re. View section covers Blu-ray and DVD news and releases, Kim Newmans Movie Dungeon is a regular feature in the Re. View section, in which critic Kim Newman reviews the most obscure releases, mostly low budget horror movies. How much Is Pint of Milk presents celebrities answers to silly or unusual questions and this is intended as a guide to the chosen celebritys contact with reality, and as such can be more informative than a direct interview by reporting some surprising responses. Each magazine includes a Spine Quote, in which a relatively challenging quote is printed on the spine of the magazine, there are usually some obvious and obscure links from the quote to the main features of that months edition. Readers are invited to identify the source and the links to win a prize. Celebrity Mastermind is another regular in which a celebrity is given questions about the films they were in or they directed, celebrities range from Quentin Tarantino and Christopher Lee to John Carpenter and Michael Keaton. A regular feature since issue 167, the feature is a two-page essay on a film selected by Empire in the Re. View section. The selection of the films seem to be random and follow no specific pattern. Only a few issues since the first masterpiece feature have not featured one –169,179,196,197,198 and 246, Issue 240 had director Frank Darabont select 223 masterpieces. L. A. Confidential was featured twice, once in issue 191 and this list is as follows, Alien – Dinner chestburster The Omen – Glass decapitation An American Werewolf in London – Wolf transformation The Exorcist – Crucifix abuse Risky Business – Ready Ralph
Empire (magazine)
–
Cover of the July 2011 issue, featuring
Emma Watson,
Daniel Radcliffe, and
Rupert Grint
34.
Screenplay
–
A screenplay or script is a written work by screenwriters for a film, video game, or television program. These screenplays can be original works or adaptations from existing pieces of writing, in them, the movement, actions, expression, and dialogues of the characters are also narrated. A screenplay written for television is also known as a teleplay, the format is structured in a way that one page usually equates to one minute of screen time. In a shooting script, each scene is numbered, and technical direction may be given, in a spec or a draft in various stages of development, the scenes are not numbered, and technical direction is at a minimum. The standard font for a screenplay is 12 point,10 pitch Courier Typeface, the major components are action and dialogue. The action is written in the present tense, the dialogue are the lines the characters speak. Unique to the screenplay is the use of slug lines, a slug line, also called a master scene heading, occurs at the start of every scene, and is usually made up of three parts. Part one states whether the scene is set inside outside, or both, Part two states location of the scene. Part three, separated from Part two by a hyphen, refers to the time of the scene, each slug line begins a new scene. In a shooting script, the lines are numbered consecutively. These scene numbers serve as mile-post markers in a script and this allows any part of the script to be referred to by scene number. In the United States letter size paper and Courier 12 point are mandatory, the tab settings of the scene elements, which constitute the screenplays layout. The dialogue must be centered and the names must be capitalized, a script usually begins with FADE IN, followed by the first scene description. It might get more specific, e. g. FADE IN ON AN ECU of Ricky as he explains the divorce to Bob, a script will usually end with FADE TO BLACK, though there are variables, like CUT TO BLACK for abrupt endings. The style consists of a grammar that is specific to screenplays and this grammar also consists of two aspects, A prose that is manifestation-oriented, i. e. focuses largely on what is audible and what is visible on screen. This prose may only supply interpretations and explanation if clarity would otherwise be adversely affected, American screenplays are printed single-sided on three-hole-punched paper using the standard American letter size. They are then together with two brass brads in the top and bottom hole. The middle hole is left empty as it would make it harder to quickly read the script
Screenplay
–
Screenplay for
The Godfather Part II, Turin, Italy
Screenplay
–
Sample from a screenplay, showing dialogue and action descriptions
35.
American Film Institute
–
The American Film Institute is an American film organization that educates filmmakers and honors the heritage of the moving picture arts in America. AFI is supported by funding and public membership. The institute is composed of leaders from the film, entertainment, business, a board of trustees chaired by Sir Howard Stringer and a board of directors chaired by Robert A. Daly guide the organization, which is led by President and CEO Bob Gazzale. Prior leaders were founding director George Stevens, Jr. and Jean Picker Firstenberg. <ref>AFI Board of Trustees etc. American Film Institute. October 2014. Retrieved December 24,2014. </ref>Two years later, in 1967, AFI was established, supported by the National Endowment for the Arts, the Motion Picture Association of America and the Ford Foundation. The institute established a program for filmmakers known then as the Center for Advanced Film Studies. The institute moved to its current eight-acre Hollywood campus in 1981, the film training program grew into the AFI Conservatory, an accredited graduate school. AFI educates audiences and recognizes excellence through its awards programs and 10 Top 10 Lists. In 1969, the established the AFI Conservatory for Advanced Film Studies at Greystone. The first class included filmmakers Terrence Malick, Caleb Deschanel and Paul Schrader, mirroring a professional production environment, Fellows collaborate to make more films than any other graduate level program. Admission to AFI Conservatory is highly selective, with a maximum of 140 graduates per year, in 2013, Emmy and Oscar-winning director, producer and screenwriter James L. Brooks joined AFI as Artistic Director of the AFI Conservatory where he provides leadership for the film program. Brooks artistic role at the AFI Conservatory has a legacy that includes Daniel Petrie, Jr. Robert Wise. Award-winning director Bob Mandel served as Dean of the AFI Conservatory for nine years, jan Schuette took over as Dean in 2014. AFI Conservatorys alumni have careers in film, television and on the web and they have been recognized with all of the major industry awards – Academy Award, Emmy Award, guild awards, and the Tony Award. The AFI Catalog, started in 1968, is a web-based filmographic database, early print copies of this catalog may also be found at your local library. Each year the AFI Awards honor the ten outstanding films and ten outstanding television programs, the awards are a non-competitive acknowledgement of excellence. The Awards are announced in December and a luncheon for award honorees takes place the following January. The juries consisted of over 1,500 artists, scholars, critics and historians, with movies selected based on the films popularity over time, historical significance, citizen Kane was voted the greatest American film twice. AFI operates two film festivals, AFI Fest in Los Angeles, and AFI Docs in Silver Spring, Maryland, AFI Fest is the American Film Institutes annual celebration of artistic excellence
American Film Institute
–
American Film Institute
36.
Box Office Mojo
–
Box Office Mojo is a website that tracks box office revenue in a systematic, algorithmic way, founded in 1999. In 2008, Box Office Mojo was bought by the Internet Movie Database, the website is widely used within the film industry as a source of data. From 2002–11, Box Office Mojo had forums popular with film fans, on October 10,2014, the websites URL was redirected to Amazons IMDB. com website for one day, but the website returned the following day without explanation. Brandon Gray began the site in 1999, in 2002, Gray partnered with Sean Saulsbury and grew the site to nearly two million readers. In July 2008, the company was purchased by Amazon. com through its subsidiary, Box Office Mojo had forums with more than 16,500 registered users. On November 2,2011 the forums were closed along with any user accounts. Tracking is still very closely to the day by day, actual tabulation of distributors. The site also creates an overall chart, combining all box office returns from around the world, excluding the United States. The overall weekend chart currently tracks the Top 40 films as well as approximately fifty additional films with no ranking, the site additionally has yearly and all time features for its various territories. Box Office Mojo was as of June 2009 reporting limited data from overseas and is work on improvements, most of the international charts have not been updated since November 2014. On October 10,2014, all traffic to Box Office Mojo was redirected to IMDbs box office page, queries about the closure to IMDb and Amazon representatives were met with no response. Neither Brandon Gray, who founded the website but left several years ago after its sale to Amazon, nor Ray Subers, on Ray Subers Twitter account, he revealed the websites return, but also stated he would not answer any questions pertaining to closure. Subers subsequently left the website seven months later
Box Office Mojo
–
Box Office Mojo homepage
37.
International Standard Book Number
–
The International Standard Book Number is a unique numeric commercial book identifier. An ISBN is assigned to each edition and variation of a book, for example, an e-book, a paperback and a hardcover edition of the same book would each have a different ISBN. The ISBN is 13 digits long if assigned on or after 1 January 2007, the method of assigning an ISBN is nation-based and varies from country to country, often depending on how large the publishing industry is within a country. The initial ISBN configuration of recognition was generated in 1967 based upon the 9-digit Standard Book Numbering created in 1966, the 10-digit ISBN format was developed by the International Organization for Standardization and was published in 1970 as international standard ISO2108. Occasionally, a book may appear without a printed ISBN if it is printed privately or the author does not follow the usual ISBN procedure, however, this can be rectified later. Another identifier, the International Standard Serial Number, identifies periodical publications such as magazines, the ISBN configuration of recognition was generated in 1967 in the United Kingdom by David Whitaker and in 1968 in the US by Emery Koltay. The 10-digit ISBN format was developed by the International Organization for Standardization and was published in 1970 as international standard ISO2108, the United Kingdom continued to use the 9-digit SBN code until 1974. The ISO on-line facility only refers back to 1978, an SBN may be converted to an ISBN by prefixing the digit 0. For example, the edition of Mr. J. G. Reeder Returns, published by Hodder in 1965, has SBN340013818 -340 indicating the publisher,01381 their serial number. This can be converted to ISBN 0-340-01381-8, the check digit does not need to be re-calculated, since 1 January 2007, ISBNs have contained 13 digits, a format that is compatible with Bookland European Article Number EAN-13s. An ISBN is assigned to each edition and variation of a book, for example, an ebook, a paperback, and a hardcover edition of the same book would each have a different ISBN. The ISBN is 13 digits long if assigned on or after 1 January 2007, a 13-digit ISBN can be separated into its parts, and when this is done it is customary to separate the parts with hyphens or spaces. Separating the parts of a 10-digit ISBN is also done with either hyphens or spaces, figuring out how to correctly separate a given ISBN number is complicated, because most of the parts do not use a fixed number of digits. ISBN issuance is country-specific, in that ISBNs are issued by the ISBN registration agency that is responsible for country or territory regardless of the publication language. Some ISBN registration agencies are based in national libraries or within ministries of culture, in other cases, the ISBN registration service is provided by organisations such as bibliographic data providers that are not government funded. In Canada, ISBNs are issued at no cost with the purpose of encouraging Canadian culture. In the United Kingdom, United States, and some countries, where the service is provided by non-government-funded organisations. Australia, ISBNs are issued by the library services agency Thorpe-Bowker
International Standard Book Number
–
A 13-digit ISBN, 978-3-16-148410-0, as represented by an
EAN-13 bar code
38.
IMDb
–
In 1998 it became a subsidiary of Amazon Inc, who were then able to use it as an advertising resource for selling DVDs and videotapes. As of January 2017, IMDb has approximately 4.1 million titles and 7.7 million personalities in its database, the site enables registered users to submit new material and edits to existing entries. Although all data is checked before going live, the system has open to abuse. The site also featured message boards which stimulate regular debates and dialogue among authenticated users, IMDb shutdown the message boards permanently on February 20,2017. Anyone with a connection can read the movie and talent pages of IMDb. A registration process is however, to contribute info to the site. A registered user chooses a name for themselves, and is given a profile page. These badges range from total contributions made, to independent categories such as photos, trivia, bios, if a registered user or visitor happens to be in the entertainment industry, and has an IMDb page, that user/visitor can add photos to that page by enrolling in IMDbPRO. Actors, crew, and industry executives can post their own resume and this fee enrolls them in a membership called IMDbPro. PRO can be accessed by anyone willing to pay the fee, which is $19.99 USD per month, or if paid annually, $149.99, which comes to approximately $12.50 per month USD. Membership enables a user to access the rank order of each industry personality, as well as agent contact information for any actor, producer, director etc. that has an IMDb page. Enrolling in PRO for industry personnel, enables those members the ability to upload a head shot to open their page, as well as the ability to upload hundreds of photos to accompany their page. Anyone can register as a user, and contribute to the site as well as enjoy its content, however those users enrolled in PRO have greater access and privileges. IMDb originated with a Usenet posting by British film fan and computer programmer Col Needham entitled Those Eyes, others with similar interests soon responded with additions or different lists of their own. Needham subsequently started an Actors List, while Dave Knight began a Directors List, and Andy Krieg took over THE LIST from Hank Driskill, which would later be renamed the Actress List. Both lists had been restricted to people who were alive and working, the goal of the participants now was to make the lists as inclusive as possible. By late 1990, the lists included almost 10,000 movies and television series correlated with actors and actresses appearing therein. On October 17,1990, Needham developed and posted a collection of Unix shell scripts which could be used to search the four lists, at the time, it was known as the rec. arts. movies movie database
IMDb
–
Internet Movie Database (IMDb)
39.
12 Angry Men (1957 film)
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12 Angry Men is a 1957 American courtroom drama film adapted from a teleplay of the same name by Reginald Rose. In the United States, a verdict in most criminal trials by jury must be unanimous, the film is notable for its almost exclusive use of one set, out of 96 minutes of run time, only three minutes take place outside of the jury room. 12 Angry Men explores many techniques of consensus-building, and the difficulties encountered in the process, among a group of men whose range of personalities adds intensity and conflict. In 2007, the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant. In a New York City courthouse a jury commences deliberating the case of an 18-year-old boy from a slum, if there is any reasonable doubt they are to return a verdict of not guilty. If found guilty, the boy will receive a death sentence, in a preliminary vote, all jurors vote guilty except Juror 8, who argues that the boy deserves some deliberation. Juror 8 questions the accuracy and reliability of the two witnesses, and the prosecutions claim that the murder weapon, a common switchblade, was rare. Juror 8 argues that reasonable doubt exists, and that he therefore cannot in conscience vote guilty, Juror 8 suggests a secret ballot, from which he will abstain, and agrees to change his vote if the others unanimously vote guilty. The ballot is held and a new not guilty vote appears, an angry Juror 3 accuses Juror 5, who grew up in a slum, of changing his vote out of sympathy towards slum children. However, Juror 9 reveals it was he that changed his vote, Juror 8 argues that the noise of a passing train would have obscured the verbal threat that one witness claimed to have heard the boy tell his father Im going to kill you. Juror 5 then changes his vote, Juror 11 also changes his vote, believing the boy would not likely have tried to retrieve the murder weapon from the scene if it had been cleaned of fingerprints. An angry Juror 3 shouts that they are losing their chance to burn the boy, Juror 8 accuses him of being a sadist. Jurors 2 and 6 then change their votes, tying the vote at 6–6, Juror 4 doubts the boys alibi of being at the movies, because he could not recall it in much detail. Juror 8 tests how well Juror 4 remembers previous days, which he does, Juror 2 questions the likelihood that the boy, who was almost a foot shorter than his father, could have inflicted the downward stab wound found in the body. Jurors 3 and 8 then conduct an experiment to see whether a person could stab downwards on a taller person. Increasingly impatient, Juror 7 changes his vote to hasten the deliberation, coincidentally, it begins to storm outside, rendering his selfish decision pointless. Jurors 12 and 1 then change their votes, leaving only three dissenters, Jurors 3,4 and 10, Juror 10 then vents a torrent of condemnation of slum-born people, claiming they are no better than animals who kill for fun. Most of the others turn their backs to him, except for Juror 4, Juror 12 then reverts his vote, making the vote 8–4
12 Angry Men (1957 film)
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40.
Stage Struck (1958 film)
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Stage Struck is a 1958 American drama film directed by Sidney Lumet, and stars Henry Fonda, Susan Strasberg and Christopher Plummer in his film debut. It was based on the 1925 Paramount Pictures film of the same name, and Adolphe Menjou in corresponding roles. New Englander Eva Lovelace, an intent on conquering the Broadway stage, is willing to sacrifice everything, including her love for suave producer Lewis Easton. Her trials and tribulations ultimately lead to a moment of triumph when she steps in for temperamental. Henry Fonda as Lewis Easton Susan Strasberg as Eva Lovelace Christopher Plummer as Joe Sheridan Joan Greenwood as Rita Vernon Herbert Marshall as Robert Harley Hedges Pat Harrington, in his review in the New York Times, A. H. Weiler opined, the moviemakers. Obviously are devoted people, whose emotions, unfortunately, rarely move a viewer, the fact is that the bare bones of the plot. Do not constitute a great revelation in a sophisticated age, Susan Strasberg. is competent as the determined Eva Lovelace. She is petite and fragile and sometimes expressive but strangely pallid in a role that would seem to call for fire, Christopher Plummer. is restrained but effective. It makes a nice show even if it is not stirring, list of American films of 1958 Stage Struck at the American Film Institute Catalog Stage Struck at the Internet Movie Database Stage Struck at Turner Classic Movies Stage Struck at AllMovie
Stage Struck (1958 film)
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That Kind of Woman
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That Kind of Woman is an American drama film directed by Sidney Lumet, who was nominated for the Golden Bear at the 9th Berlin International Film Festival. It stars Sophia Loren and Tab Hunter, the screenplay by Walter Bernstein, based on a short story by Robert Lowry, is highly reminiscent of the 1938 film The Shopworn Angel. The Paramount Pictures release was filmed on location in New York City and Long Beach, the film is set in New York City in June 1944, during World War II. Kay is a sophisticated Italian woman, the mistress of a Manhattan millionaire industrialist known simply as The Man, eventually the woman finds herself torn between her upscale life in a Sutton Place apartment and the prospect of true love with the GI. Sophia Loren. Carlo Ponti, Marcello Girosi Original Music, hal Pereira, Roland Anderson Costume Design. TV Guide describes it as a ridiculously clichéd soap opera with the kind of artificial shallowness that mars many of Lorens pictures. That Kind of Woman at the Internet Movie Database That Kind of Woman at the TCM Movie Database
That Kind of Woman
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That Kind of Woman
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The Fugitive Kind
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For the 1937 Tennessee Williams play, see Fugitive Kind. The Fugitive Kind is a 1960 American drama film starring Marlon Brando and Anna Magnani, the screenplay by Meade Roberts and Tennessee Williams was based on the latters 1957 play Orpheus Descending, itself a revision of his unproduced 1940 work Battle of Angels. Despite being set in the Deep South, the United Artists release was filmed in Milton, at the 1960 San Sebastián International Film Festival, it won the Silver Seashell for Sidney Lumet and the Zulueta Prize for Best Actress for Joanne Woodward. The film is available on videotape and DVD, a two-disc DVD edition by The Criterion Collection was released in April 2010. A stage production took place in 2010 at the Arclight Theatre starring Michael Brando, grandson of Marlon Brando. This particular production used the film version of the text as opposed to the original play. Valentine Snakeskin Xavier, a drifter, flees New Orleans in order to avoid arrest. He finds work in a small-town five-and-dime owned by an older woman known as Lady Torrance. Both alcoholic nymphomaniac Carol Cutrere and simple housewife Vee Talbott set their sights on the newcomer, but Val succumbs to the charms of Lady, who plans to set him up with a refreshment bar. Sheriff Talbott, a friend of Jabe, threatens to kill Val if he remains in town and his decision sparks Jabes jealousy and leads to tragic consequences. Marlon Brando as Valentine Snakeskin Xavier Joanne Woodward as Carol Cutrere Anna Magnani as Lady Torrance Maureen Stapleton as Vee Talbot Victor Jory as Jabe Torrance R. G. Armstrong as Sheriff Jordan Talbot John Baragrey as David Cutrere Vergilia Chew as Nurse Porter Ben Yaffee as Dog Hamma Joe Brown, Miss Woodward is perhaps a bit too florid for full credibility. But Miss Stapletons housewife is touching and Victor Jory is simply superb as the inhuman, an excellent musical score by Kenyon Hopkins, laced with crystalline sounds and guitar strains, enhances the mood of sadness in this sensitive film. The Time Out London Film Guide feels that despite its stellar credentials, some dialogue from a scene in the film was used by Australian hip hop trio Bliss n Eso in their song Never Land, off their album Running on Air. List of American films of 1960 The Fugitive Kind at the Internet Movie Database The Fugitive Kind at AllMovie The Fugitive Kind at the TCM Movie Database
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A View from the Bridge (film)
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A View from the Bridge is a 1962 French-Italian drama film directed by Sidney Lumet with a screenplay by Norman Rosten based on the play of the same name written by Arthur Miller. It was filmed in English and French versions, and its exterior sequences were filmed on location on the waterfront of Brooklyn, New York, where the play, however, this overture was intended as an accusation of someone being gay, rather than a romantic expression. In Film Quarterly, Pauline Kael called the not so much a drama as a sentence thats been passed on the audience. Stanley Kauffmans review for The New Republic was titled The Unadaptable Adapted, however, The one great obstruction to the drama — and a fatal obstruction it becomes—is the slowly evolving demonstration that the principal character is a boor. As much as his nigh-incestuous passion and his subsequent jealousy may be credible and touching, they are low in the emotional scale and are obviously seamy. They havent the universal scope of greed or envy or ambition or such obsessions as drive men to ruin, the film is more commonly remembered today for a shocking set piece, in which Eddie kisses Rodolpho full on the lips to prove that the boy is gay. For his performance as Eddie Carbone, Raf Vallone won the David di Donatello for Best Actor, a View from the Bridge at the Internet Movie Database
A View from the Bridge (film)
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A View from the Bridge
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The Pawnbroker (film)
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The Pawnbroker is a 1964 film directed by Sidney Lumet, starring Rod Steiger, Geraldine Fitzgerald, Brock Peters, Jaime Sánchez and Morgan Freeman in his feature film debut. It was adapted by Morton S. Fine and David Friedkin from the novel of the name by Edward Lewis Wallant. It was the first American film to deal with the Holocaust from the viewpoint of a survivor and it earned international acclaim for Steiger, launching his career as an A-list actor. The film was among the first American movies to feature nudity during the Production Code, although it was publicly announced to be a special exception, the controversy proved to be first of similar major challenges to the Code that ultimately led to its abandonment. In 2008, The Pawnbroker was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant. With the rise of Adolf Hitler, Sol Nazerman, a German-Jewish university professor, was dragged to a camp along with his family. He saw his two children die and his wife raped by Nazi officers in the camp, now he operates a pawnshop in East Harlem, while living in an anonymous Long Island apartment. Numbed by his experiences, he has worked hard not to experience emotions, Nazerman is bitter and alienated, viewing the people around him as rejects, scum. He is shown interacting cynically as he bargains with the many desperate characters pawning their goods, Nazerman learns that Rodriguez, a racketeer who uses the pawnshop as a front, makes his money through prostitution. Nazerman recalls his wifes degradation and wants no part of it and this results in a clash with Rodriguez, who threatens to kill Nazerman. Meanwhile, Ortiz, his feelings hurt when Nazerman says that Ortiz means nothing to him, during the robbery, Nazerman refuses to hand over his money. Ortiz takes the gang members bullet intended for Nazerman and dies in Nazermans arms in the street. He received $50,000 for his performance, far lower than his usual rate, because he trusted Lumet, Lumet, who took over the film after Arthur Hiller was fired, initially had misgivings about Steiger being cast in the lead role. He felt that Steiger was a rather tasteless actor—awfully talented, Lumet preferred James Mason for the role, and comic Groucho Marx was among the actors who had wanted to play Nazerman. However, Steiger pleasantly surprised Lumet when he agreed with him during rehearsals on the repression of the characters feelings, Lumet felt that ultimately Steiger worked out fine. In a 1999 televised interview, actor Rod Steiger revealed an inspiration he took from a source of art. The scene in the film was in the last minutes of The Pawnbroker, the Pawnbroker tells the story of a man whose spiritual death in the concentration camps causes him to bury himself in the most dismal location that he can find, a slum in upper Manhattan. Lumet told the New York Times in an interview during the filming that and its outside Harlem, in housing projects, office buildings, even the Long Island suburbs, everywhere we show on the screen—that everything is conformist, sterile, dead
The Pawnbroker (film)
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The Pawnbroker (film)
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Rod Steiger in The Pawnbroker
The Pawnbroker (film)
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Thelma Oliver and
Jaime Sánchez meet with hoodlums at a night club
The Pawnbroker (film)
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Fail Safe (1964 film)
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Fail Safe is a 1964 Cold War thriller film directed by Sidney Lumet, based on the 1962 novel of the same name by Eugene Burdick and Harvey Wheeler. It portrays a fictional account of a nuclear crisis, the film features performances by actors Henry Fonda, Dan OHerlihy, Walter Matthau and Frank Overton. Larry Hagman, Fritz Weaver, Dom DeLuise and Sorrell Booke appeared in film roles. Fail Safe describes how Cold War tensions between the Soviet Union and the United States lead to an accidental thermonuclear first strike after an error sends a group of US bombers to bomb Moscow. In 2000, the novel was adapted again as a play, starring George Clooney, Richard Dreyfuss and Noah Wyle. Defense protocols dictate that SAC must keep several bomber groups airborne 24 hours a day in the event of an attack on the United States. Following the alert, bombers are ordered to proceed to predetermined aerial fail-safe points to await the final go-ahead before proceeding towards Soviet targets, shortly after they reach those points, the alert is canceled. The intruder is identified as a civilian airliner. However, an error results in a go code being sent to one bomber group, ordering them to attack their predetermined target. SAC headquarters begins trying to rescind the order and it fails because a new Soviet countermeasure has begun radio jamming communications between the bomber group and SAC. With his orders apparently confirmed, Colonel Jack Grady, the US bomber groups commander, with pressure mounting, the President of the United States and his advisers attempt to recall the group or shoot them down. Communications are initiated with the Soviet Chairman in which mistakes on both sides are acknowledged, the jamming ceases, but the crew follows their training and protocols and dismisses the counter-orders as a Soviet ruse. The President struggles to find a resolution that will stop the Soviet Union from launching a counterattack, if he fails and he offers to sacrifice an American target to appease the Soviets, and he orders an American bomber towards New York City. The Presidents advisers in the Pentagon discover that the President has sacrificed the First Lady, the lone surviving American bomber devastates Moscow. The President orders General Black, whose wife and children live in New York, to drop the same nuclear payload on that city, after releasing the bombs, Black, who is flying the bomber, commits suicide. The last moments of the film images of people in New York going about their daily lives. The film was shot in black and white, in a dramatic, theatrical style with claustrophobic close-ups, sharp shadows, there was no musical underscoring or any music played, except as radio background during a scene at an Air Force base in Alaska. With few exceptions, the takes place largely in the White House underground bunker, the Pentagon war conference room, the SAC war room
Fail Safe (1964 film)
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The Hill (film)
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The Hill is a 1965 film directed by Sidney Lumet, set in a British army prison in North Africa in the Second World War. It stars Sean Connery, Harry Andrews, Ian Bannen, Ossie Davis, Ian Hendry, Alfred Lynch, Roy Kinnear, the arrival of five new prisoners slowly leads to a clash with the camp authorities. One new NCO guard who has also just arrived employs excessive punishments, Roberts openly scorns Williamss brutality and serves as challenge to his authority. The RSM is a soldier who sees his vital task as breaking down failed soldiers, then building them back up again, in his words. Staff Sergeant Williams is new to the prison, and his ambition is matched only by his treatment of the prisoners. And what are you supposed to be, Roberts asks him when he is accused of cowardice in battle, a brave man in a permanent base job. The RSM seems to agree, in another scene, he mentions the fact that the Germans were bombing the UK just as Williams was volunteering for prison duty in Africa. Staff Sergeant Harris is the conscience of the prison who sympathises with the men, too closely, the officers, both the CO and the Medical Officer, take their duties casually and, as Roberts points out, everyone is doing time here, even the screws. In the finale, the camps Medical Officer and Staff Sergeant Harris decide to report the abuses at the camp, the film was based on a screenplay by Ray Rigby, who wrote for TV and had spent time in military prison. Movie rights were bought by Seven Arts Productions who had a deal with MGM. Producer Kenneth Hyman arranged for Rigbys script to be rewritten by other people but when Sidney Lumet came on board as director and he and Rigby did cut out around 100 pages of material before filming. There really isnt a lot of story, said Lumet and its all character - a group of men, prisoners and jailers alike, driven by the same motive force, fear. Sean Connery agreed to play the lead because it represented such a change of pace from James Bond and it is only because of my reputation as Bond that the backers put up the money for The Hill, he said. Lumet says he told Connery before filming began that, Im going to make demands of you, physically and emotionally. The result is beyond my hopes and he is real and tough and not at all smooth or nice. In a way hes a heavy but the real heavy is the Army, filming took place in Almeria, Spain starting 8 September 1964. An old Spanish fort in Málaga was used for the prison, the Hill did not perform well in movie theatres, although it received excellent reviews. Ray Rigby published a novel of the story in 1965, the Hill at the Internet Movie Database The Hill at Rotten Tomatoes The Hill at the TCM Movie Database The Hill at AllMovie The Hill at the American Film Institute Catalog
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The Group (film)
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The cast of this social satire includes Candice Bergen, Joan Hackett, Elizabeth Hartman, Shirley Knight, Jessica Walter, Kathleen Widdoes, and Joanna Pettet. The film also features small roles for Hal Holbrook, Carrie Nye, James Broderick, Larry Hagman, for its time, the film touched on controversial topics, such as free love, contraception, abortion, lesbianism, and mental illness. After their university days, eight women go their separate ways, Lakey, always regarded as their leader, leaves for Europe to begin a new life on her own. The domestic lives of the others go mainly awry, priss has married a doctor but has two miscarriages. Kay weds a playwright who cheats on her, dottie gives up a flamboyant lifestyle in Greenwich Village to settle down with a dull Arizona businessman. Pokey has her hands full with two sets of twins, with the wars intensity building in Europe in 1939, Lakey returns home. When the others discover that the woman with her is more than just a traveling companion, after a tragedy that results in the death of one of the women in 1940, Lakey leads them to the funeral for one last time together as a group. It was the 25th highest-grossing film of 1966, the Group was released to DVD by MGM Home Video on January 15,2011, via the MGM Choice Collection as a Region 1 manufacture-on-demand DVD. Variety wrote that the film is faithful to the novel but retains too much detail, Joan Hackett was nominated for the British BAFTA Film Award for the best foreign actress. The film was nominated for the Golden Bear at the 16th Berlin International Film Festival in 1966, list of American films of 1966 The Group at the Internet Movie Database The Group at AllMovie
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The Deadly Affair
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The Deadly Affair is a 1966 British espionage–thriller film, based on John le Carrés first novel Call for the Dead. The film stars James Mason, Harry Andrews, Simone Signoret, the soundtrack was composed by Quincy Jones, and the bossa nova theme song, Who Needs Forever, is performed by Astrud Gilberto. In contemporary London, Charles Dobbs is a staid MI5 operative investigating Foreign Office official Samuel Fennan, Dobbs becomes suspicious when a wake-up call is made to Fennans home the next morning. While his widow Elsa says it was for her, this is discovered to be a lie, Dobbs then suspects that Elsa, a survivor of an extermination camp, might have some clues, but other officials want Dobbs to drop the case. Dobbs privately links up with retired police inspector Mendel to continue inquiries, Dobbs uses his knowledge of Dieter to set a trap, which proves that Elsa is the spy and Dieter is her control. In a final confrontation, Dieter strangles Elsa and shoots Mendel but is killed bare handed by the enraged Dobbs, jamess Park, at the Balloon Tavern and the Chelsea Embankment in Chelsea, in Clapham and Barnes, and in Twickenham. The exterior of Dobbs house is in St. Georges Square, director of photography Freddie Youngs technique of pre-exposing the colour film negative to a small, controlled amount of light in order to create a muted colour palette was first used in this film. Lumet called the result colorless color and it proved influential, being used by other such as Vilmos Zsigmond on McCabe & Mrs. Miller. The Deadly Affair at the Internet Movie Database The Deadly Affair at AllMovie The Deadly Affair at the TCM Movie Database
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Bye Bye Braverman
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Bye Bye Braverman is a 1968 American comedy film directed by Sidney Lumet. The screenplay by Herbert Sargent was adapted from the 1964 novel To an Early Grave by Wallace Markfield, when idealistic minor author Leslie Braverman dies suddenly from a heart attack at the age of 41, his four best friends decide to attend his funeral. The men have been friends since their youth and they agree to meet at Christopher Park on Sheridan Square, a Greenwich Village landmark, from which they travel in Levines cramped Volkswagen Beetle. Due to confusion and bad directions from Bravermans widow, the men attend the wrong funeral, the character Leslie Braverman never actually appears, by flashback or otherwise, and is known only through descriptions and references to him by other characters. The Warner Bros. -Seven Arts release was filmed on location in Manhattan, the Bay Ridge section of Brooklyn, and Cedar Grove Cemetery in Flushing. The movie is notable for its gritty but romanticized and picturesque portrayal of New York City as it was in the 1960s, showing elevated train tracks and bodegas and using numerous aerial shots. In the meeting scene at Sheridan Square, the office of The Village Voice newspaper, a scene where the mourners stop to use a pay telephone takes place in front of one of the legendary Big Daddys Restaurants then located on Coney Island Avenue in Brooklyn. Dalkey Archive Press editor Jeremy M, the fantasy or flashback experiences of Morroe Rieff mirror Joyces stream of consciousness writing style. In turn, Joyces Dignam character is regarded as an echo of Elpenor in the Odyssey from ancient Greece. Max Ottensteen, son of Felix Ottensteen Producer, gerald B. Greenberg and Ralph Rosenblum Art Direction. Anna Hill Johnstone In her New York Times review, Renata Adler described the film as a movie about New York Jews, which—by some unlucky mixed perspective of affection and satire—turns into a pogrom. Sidney Lumet gets a chance to explore some Brooklyn neighborhoods and to show some Orthodox Jews in their relative Old Testament purity and it hardly ever works in fiction, and it does not seem the best vehicle for his movies at all. Pauline Kael described it as a crudely affectionate comic romp, the movie is often gross and its sloppily thrown together, but the characters rhetoric has some juice in it. Its a low-comedy situation played for emotional wallowing as well as for laughs, Time said it has a lot to talk about, and nothing much to say. As the storys central character, actor Segal shows flashes of a talent hitherto unexplored by Hollywood. But what picture there is for stealing is burgled by Wiseman with his portrayal of a stereotypical litterateur, according to the Time Out London Film Guide, the film is a little unfocused but bristles with Jewish wit and fine performances. The film was released on DVD in April 2009 as part of the Warner Archive series, list of American films of 1968 Bye Bye Braverman at the Internet Movie Database Bye Bye Braverman at Rotten Tomatoes Bye Bye Braverman at AllMovie
Bye Bye Braverman
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The Sea Gull
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The Sea Gull is a 1968 British-American-Greek drama film directed by Sidney Lumet. The screenplay by Moura Budberg is adapted from Anton Chekhovs classic 1896 play The Seagull, the Warner Bros. -Seven Arts release was filmed at the Europa Studios in Sundbyberg, Stockholms län, just outside central Stockholm. Set in a rural Russian house, the focuses on the romantic and artistic conflicts among an eclectic group of characters. Fading leading lady Irina Arkadina has come to visit her brother Sorin, a civil servant in ailing health, with her lover. Her son, brooding experimental playwright Konstantin Treplev, adores the ingenue Nina and their interactions slowly lead to the moral and spiritual disintegration of each of them and ultimately lead to tragedy. Rune Hjelm, Rolf Larsson Costume Design, Lumets way with this adaptation by Moura Budberg is implacably straightforward. It plows ahead, scene by scene, act by act, in there always is first an establishing long shot. This kind of Secret Storm technique inevitably flattens out the nuances and it also makes too literal the boredom and quiet despair that should hang over the Chekovian characters like an unseen mist. Most of the performances are excellent, but all of the actors seem to be on their own, miss Signoret is simply miscast, if only because of her Frenchness. Her speech rhythms are so jarring that its impossible to understand her. As a result of the variety of styles, the movie turns into a series of confrontations that seem as isolated as specialty acts. Without the single dominating influence that should have been provided by Lumet, Time observed, The paralyzing problem with this film version of Chekhovs first major play is that it is far too dramatic. Any traces of wit have been pretty well destroyed by Lumets lumbering technique, the actors perform as if they were all on the verge of a nervous breakdown. Lumet moves his camera incessantly to give the illusion of action, variety called it a sensitive, well-made and abstractly interesting period pic. According to the Time Out London Film Guide, it is basically an actors film, sometimes dull and almost always unsatisfactory, despite excellent performances. The Sea Gull at the Internet Movie Database
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