Thirty-first Dynasty of Egypt
The Thirty-first Dynasty of Egypt, also known as the Second Egyptian Satrapy, was effectively a satrapy of the Achaemenid Persian Empire between 343 BC to 332 BC. It was founded by Artaxerxes III, the King of Persia, after his reconquest of Egypt and subsequent crowning as Pharaoh of Egypt, and was disestablished upon the conquest of Egypt by Alexander the Great.
Western part of the Achaemenid Empire, with the territories of Egypt.
Artaxerxes III as Pharaoh, satrapal coinage of Cilicia.
The Svenigorodsky cylinder seal depicting a Persian king thrusting his lance at an Egyptian pharaoh, while holding four other Egyptian captives on a rope.
Probable portrait of young Artaxerxes IV as Pharaoh, wearing the Pharaonic crown.
Thirtieth Dynasty of Egypt
The Thirtieth Dynasty of Egypt is usually classified as the fifth Dynasty of the Late Period of ancient Egypt. It was founded after the overthrow of Nepherites II in 380 BC by Nectanebo I, and was disestablished upon the invasion of Egypt by the Achaemenid king Artaxerxes III in 343 BC. This is the final native dynasty of ancient Egypt; after the deposition of Nectanebo II, Egypt fell under foreign domination.
A 30th dynasty Egyptian funerary mask
Image: Nectanebo I with khepresh crown
Image: Fragment of a faience saucer inscribed with the name of King Teos (Djedhor). 30th Dynasty. From the Palace of Apries at Memphis, Egypt. The Petrie Museum of Egyptian Archaeology, London
Image: Head of Nectanebo II MBA Lyon H1701 IMG 0204
