1.
Michael Cera
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Michael Austin Cera is a Canadian actor and musician. He started his career as a actor, most notably portraying a young Chuck Barris in Confessions of a Dangerous Mind. In 2010, he portrayed Scott Pilgrim in Scott Pilgrim vs. the World, Cera made his Broadway debut in the 2014 installment of Kenneth Lonergans This Is Our Youth. Aside from acting, Cera is also a musician, having released his debut album True That in 2014, Cera was born in Brampton, Ontario. He is the son of Linda and Luigi Cera, a technician and his father is Sicilian, and his mother has Irish, Dutch, Scottish, and English ancestry. His parents both worked for Xerox, Cera has an older sister, Jordan, and a younger sister, Molly. He became interested in acting after viewing Ghostbusters repeatedly when sick with the chicken pox at the age of three and he memorized all the dialogue and idolized Bill Murray. He enrolled in the Second City Toronto and took improvisation classes and he attended Conestoga Public School, Robert H. Lagerquist Senior Public School and Heart Lake Secondary School until grade nine, but then completed school online through grade 12. His first role was an appearance in a Tim Hortons summer camp commercial. That eventually led to a Pillsbury commercial in which he poked the Pillsbury Doughboy, Ceras career began when he was cast as Larrabe Hicks in the Canadian television series I Was a Sixth Grade Alien in 1999. In 2002, Cera played the young Chuck Barris in Confessions of a Dangerous Mind, also in 2002, he was cast in The Grubbs, a new Fox TV series. It received a critical response, including an E. Online review that called it the worst sitcom ever produced. He also voiced Josh Spitz in the cartoon Braceface and he played George Michael Bluth in the award-winning television series Arrested Development for three seasons before it was cancelled for six years. In 2005, he starred as Harold in the winning short film Darling Darling, for which he was awarded Best Actor at the San Gio Festival in Verona. In 2006, he created and starred in a parody of Impossible is Nothing, Cera, along with best friend Clark Duke, wrote and starred in a series of short videos released on their website. The idea came from Duke, who was enrolled at Loyola Marymount University, in 2007, they signed a deal with CBS Television to write, produce, direct, and act in a short-form comedy series entitled Clark and Michael. The show featured guest stars such as David Cross, Andy Richter and Patton Oswalt, Cera starred alongside Jonah Hill in the film Superbad, which was written by Seth Rogen and Evan Goldberg. The film opened in North America on August 17,2007, in November 2007, he hosted Saturday Night Live on strike, a live staged version of SNL not shown on television due to the 2007 Writers Guild of America Strike
2.
Sydney Opera House
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The Sydney Opera House is a multi-venue performing arts centre in Sydney, Australia. It is one of the 20th centurys most famous and distinctive buildings, designed by Danish architect Jørn Utzon, the building was formally opened on 20 October 1973 after a gestation beginning with Utzons 1957 selection as winner of an international design competition. The government of New South Wales, led by the premier, Joseph Cahill, performances are presented by numerous performing artists, including four resident companies, Opera Australia, The Australian Ballet, the Sydney Theatre Company and the Sydney Symphony Orchestra. As one of the most popular attractions in Australia, more than eight million people visit the site annually. The building is managed by the Sydney Opera House Trust, an agency of the New South Wales State Government, on 28 June 2007, the Sydney Opera House became a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The building covers 1.8 hectares of land and is 183 m long and 120 m wide at its widest point and it is supported on 588 concrete piers sunk as much as 25 m below sea level. Although the roof structures are referred to as shells, they are precast concrete panels supported by precast concrete ribs. Though the shells appear uniformly white from a distance, they feature a subtle chevron pattern composed of 1,056,006 tiles in two colours, glossy white and matte cream. The tiles were manufactured by the Swedish company Höganäs AB which generally produced stoneware tiles for the paper-mill industry. Apart from the tile of the shells and the curtain walls of the foyer spaces. Significant interior surface treatments also include off-form concrete, Australian white birch plywood supplied from Wauchope in northern New South Wales, of the two larger spaces, the Concert Hall is in the western group of shells, the Joan Sutherland Theatre in the eastern group. The scale of the shells was chosen to reflect the internal requirements, with low entrance spaces. The smaller venues are within the podium, beneath the Concert Hall, a smaller group of shells set to the western side of the Monumental Steps houses the Bennelong Restaurant. The podium is surrounded by substantial open spaces, and the large stone-paved forecourt area with the adjacent monumental steps is regularly used as a performance space. The Sydney Opera House includes a number of venues, Concert Hall, With 2,679 seats. It contains the Sydney Opera House Grand Organ, the largest mechanical action organ in the world. Joan Sutherland Theatre, A proscenium theatre with 1,507 seats, until 16 October 2012 it was known as the Opera Theatre. Drama Theatre, A proscenium theatre with 544 seats, used by the Sydney Theatre Company and other dance, Playhouse, An end-stage theatre with 398 seats
3.
Broadway theatre
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Along with Londons West End theatres, Broadway theatres are widely considered to represent the highest level of commercial theatre in the English-speaking world. The Theater District is a popular tourist attraction in New York City, the great majority of Broadway shows are musicals. They presented Shakespeare plays and ballad operas such as The Beggars Opera, in 1752, William Hallam sent a company of twelve actors from Britain to the colonies with his brother Lewis as their manager. They established a theatre in Williamsburg, Virginia and opened with The Merchant of Venice, the company moved to New York in the summer of 1753, performing ballad operas and ballad-farces like Damon and Phillida. The Revolutionary War suspended theatre in New York, but thereafter theatre resumed in 1798, the Bowery Theatre opened in 1826, followed by others. Blackface minstrel shows, a distinctly American form of entertainment, became popular in the 1830s, by the 1840s, P. T. Barnum was operating an entertainment complex in lower Manhattan. In 1829, at Broadway and Prince Street, Niblos Garden opened, the 3, 000-seat theatre presented all sorts of musical and non-musical entertainments. In 1844, Palmos Opera House opened and presented opera for four seasons before bankruptcy led to its rebranding as a venue for plays under the name Burtons Theatre. The Astor Opera House opened in 1847, booth played the role for a famous 100 consecutive performances at the Winter Garden Theatre in 1865, and would later revive the role at his own Booths Theatre. Other renowned Shakespeareans who appeared in New York in this era were Henry Irving, Tommaso Salvini, Fanny Davenport, lydia Thompson came to America in 1868 heading a small theatrical troupe, adapting popular English burlesques for middle-class New York audiences. Thompsons troupe called the British Blondes, was the most popular entertainment in New York during the 1868–1869 theatrical season, the six-month tour ran for almost six extremely profitable years. Theatre in New York moved from downtown gradually to midtown beginning around 1850, in 1870, the heart of Broadway was in Union Square, and by the end of the century, many theatres were near Madison Square. Broadways first long-run musical was a 50-performance hit called The Elves in 1857, New York runs continued to lag far behind those in London, but Laura Keenes musical burletta The Seven Sisters shattered previous New York records with a run of 253 performances. It was at a performance by Keenes troupe of Our American Cousin in Washington, the production was a staggering five-and-a-half hours long, but despite its length, it ran for a record-breaking 474 performances. The same year, The Black Domino/Between You, Me and the Post was the first show to call itself a musical comedy, Tony Pastor opened the first vaudeville theatre one block east of Union Square in 1881, where Lillian Russell performed. Comedians Edward Harrigan and Tony Hart produced and starred in musicals on Broadway between 1878 and 1890, with book and lyrics by Harrigan and music by his father-in-law David Braham. They starred high quality singers, instead of the women of repute who had starred in earlier musical forms. Plays could run longer and still draw in the audiences, leading to better profits, as in England, during the latter half of the century, the theatre began to be cleaned up, with less prostitution hindering the attendance of the theatre by women
4.
Handheld television
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A Handheld television is a portable device that usually uses a TFT LCD or OLED color display. Many of these devices resemble handheld transistor radios, in the 1970s and early 1980s, Panasonic and Sinclair Research released the first TVs which were small enough to fit in a large pocket, called the Panasonic IC TV MODEL TR-001 and MTV-1. Since LCD technology was not yet mature at the time, the TV used a minuscule CRT which set the record for being the smallest CRT on a commercially marketed product, later in 1982, Sony released the first model of the Watchman, a pun on Walkman. It had grayscale video at first, several years later, a color model with an active-matrix LCD was released. Some smartphones integrate a television receiver, although Internet broadband video is far more common, since the switch-over to digital broadcasting, handheld TVs have reduced in size and improved in quality. The major current manufacturers of DVB-T standard handheld TVs are August International, ODYS, some include HDMI, USB and SD ports. Screen sizes vary from 1.3 to 5 inches, some handheld televisions also double as portable DVD players and USB PVR. Portable TVs cannot fit in a pocket, but often run on batteries, pocket TVs fit in a pocket. Wearable TVs sometimes are made in the form of a wristwatch, August International - DA100C ODYS - LIVE Xoro - HSD7790 RCA - DPTM70R Handheld electronics History of the pocket TV Vintage Micro Television http, //www. visions4. net/journal/time-line/
5.
Comic book
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A comic book or comicbook, also called comic magazine or simply comic, is a publication that consists of comic art in the form of sequential juxtaposed panels that represent individual scenes. Panels are often accompanied by brief descriptive prose and written narrative, although comics has some origins in 18th century Japan and 1830s Europe, comic books were first popularized in the United States during the 1930s. Comic books are reliant on their organization and appearance, authors largely focus on the frame of the page, size, orientation, and panel positions. These characteristic aspects of books are necessary in conveying the content. The key elements of comic books include panels, balloons, text, balloons are usually convex spatial containers of information that are related to a character using a tail element. The tail has an origin, path, tip, and pointed direction, there are many technological formulas used to create comic books, including directions, axes, data, and metrics. Following these key formatting procedures is the writing, drawing, Comics as a print medium have existed in America since the printing of The Adventures of Mr. Obadiah Oldbuck in 1842 in hardcover, making it the first known American prototype comic book. The introduction of Jerry Siegel and Joe Shusters Superman in 1938 turned comic books into a major industry, the Golden Age originated the archetype of the superhero. Historians generally divide the timeline of the American comic book into eras, the Golden Age of Comic Books began with the introduction of Superman in 1938, spurring a period of high sales. The Silver Age of comic books is considered to date from the first successful revival of the then-dormant superhero form. The demarcation between the Silver Age and the era, the Bronze Age of Comic Books, is less well-defined. The Modern Age of Comic Books runs from the mid-1980s to the present day, in response to attention from the government and from the media, the U. S. comic book industry set up the Comics Magazine Association of America. The CMAA instilled the Comics Code Authority in 1954 and drafted the self-censorship Comics Code that year and it was not until the 1970s that comic books could be published without passing through the inspection of the CMAA. In the early 1970s, a surge of creativity emerged in what known as underground comix. Published and distributed independently of the comics industry, most of such comics reflected the youth counterculture. Underground comics were almost never sold at newsstands, but rather in such youth-oriented outlets as head shops and record stores, frank Stacks The Adventures of Jesus, published under the name Foolbert Sturgeon, has been credited as the first underground comic. The rise of comic book specialty stores in the late 1970s created/paralleled a dedicated market for independent or alternative comics in the U. S, some independent comics continued in the tradition of underground comics. A few represented experimental attempts to bring closer to the status of fine art
6.
Upper West Side
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The Upper West Side is sometimes also considered by the real estate industry to include the neighborhood of Morningside Heights. Like the Upper East Side, the Upper West Side is an affluent, primarily residential area with many of its residents working in areas of Midtown. Conversely, the Upper East Side is traditionally perceived to be home to commercial, the Upper West Side, along with the Upper East Side, is considered to be among New York Citys wealthiest neighborhoods. Upper West Side is bounded on the south by 59th Street, Central Park to the east, and its northern boundary is somewhat less obvious. Although it has historically been cited as 110th Street, which fixes the neighborhood alongside Central Park, it is now considered to be 125th Street. The area north of West 96th Street and east of Broadway is also identified as Manhattan Valley, the overlapping area west of Amsterdam Avenue to Riverside Park was once known as the Bloomingdale District. From west to east, the avenues of the Upper West Side are Riverside Drive, West End Avenue, Broadway, Amsterdam Avenue, Columbus Avenue, with the building of Lincoln Center, its name, though perhaps not the reality, was stretched south to 58th Street. This is a reversion to the historical name. The long high bluff above useful sandy coves along the North River was little used or traversed by the Lenape people, in the eighteenth and early nineteenth century, the Upper West Side-to-be contained some of colonial New Yorks most ambitious houses, spaced along Bloomingdale Road. It became increasingly infilled with smaller, more villas in the first half of the nineteenth century. Its name was a derivation of the given to the area by Dutch settlers to New Netherland, likely from Bloemendaal. The Dutch Anglicized the name to Bloomingdale or the Bloomingdale District and it consisted of farms and villages along a road known as the Bloomingdale Road. Bloomingdale Road was renamed The Boulevard in 1868, as the farms and villages were divided into building lots, by the 18th century it contained numerous farms and country residences of many of the citys well-off, a major parcel of which was the Apthorp Farm. Within the confines of the modern-day Upper West Side, the road passed through areas known as Harsenville, Stryckers Bay, Bloomingdale, in the latter half of the 19th century, was the name of a village that occupied the area just south of 110th street. Much of the riverfront of the Upper West Side was a shipping, transportation, the Hudson River Railroad line right-of-way was granted in the late 1830s to connect New York City to Albany, and soon ran along the riverbank. One major non-industrial development, the creation of Central Park in the 1850s and 60s, parts of the neighborhood became a ragtag collection of squatters housing, boarding houses, and rowdy taverns. In 1868, the city began straightening and grading the section of the Bloomingdale Road from Harsenville north and it retained that name until the end of the century, when the name Broadway finally supplanted it. Development of the neighborhood lagged even while Central Park was being out in the 1860s and 70s
7.
Manhattan
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Manhattan is the most densely populated borough of New York City, its economic and administrative center, and the citys historical birthplace. The borough is coextensive with New York County, founded on November 1,1683, Manhattan is often described as the cultural and financial capital of the world and hosts the United Nations Headquarters. Many multinational media conglomerates are based in the borough and it is historically documented to have been purchased by Dutch colonists from Native Americans in 1626 for 60 guilders which equals US$1062 today. New York County is the United States second-smallest county by land area, on business days, the influx of commuters increases that number to over 3.9 million, or more than 170,000 people per square mile. Manhattan has the third-largest population of New York Citys five boroughs, after Brooklyn and Queens, the City of New York was founded at the southern tip of Manhattan, and the borough houses New York City Hall, the seat of the citys government. The name Manhattan derives from the word Manna-hata, as written in the 1609 logbook of Robert Juet, a 1610 map depicts the name as Manna-hata, twice, on both the west and east sides of the Mauritius River. The word Manhattan has been translated as island of hills from the Lenape language. The United States Postal Service prefers that mail addressed to Manhattan use New York, NY rather than Manhattan, the area that is now Manhattan was long inhabited by the Lenape Native Americans. In 1524, Florentine explorer Giovanni da Verrazzano – sailing in service of King Francis I of France – was the first European to visit the area that would become New York City. It was not until the voyage of Henry Hudson, an Englishman who worked for the Dutch East India Company, a permanent European presence in New Netherland began in 1624 with the founding of a Dutch fur trading settlement on Governors Island. In 1625, construction was started on the citadel of Fort Amsterdam on Manhattan Island, later called New Amsterdam, the 1625 establishment of Fort Amsterdam at the southern tip of Manhattan Island is recognized as the birth of New York City. In 1846, New York historian John Romeyn Brodhead converted the figure of Fl 60 to US$23, variable-rate myth being a contradiction in terms, the purchase price remains forever frozen at twenty-four dollars, as Edwin G. Burrows and Mike Wallace remarked in their history of New York. Sixty guilders in 1626 was valued at approximately $1,000 in 2006, based on the price of silver, Straight Dope author Cecil Adams calculated an equivalent of $72 in 1992. In 1647, Peter Stuyvesant was appointed as the last Dutch Director General of the colony, New Amsterdam was formally incorporated as a city on February 2,1653. In 1664, the English conquered New Netherland and renamed it New York after the English Duke of York and Albany, the Dutch Republic regained it in August 1673 with a fleet of 21 ships, renaming the city New Orange. Manhattan was at the heart of the New York Campaign, a series of battles in the early American Revolutionary War. The Continental Army was forced to abandon Manhattan after the Battle of Fort Washington on November 16,1776. The city, greatly damaged by the Great Fire of New York during the campaign, became the British political, British occupation lasted until November 25,1783, when George Washington returned to Manhattan, as the last British forces left the city
8.
Cocaine
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Cocaine, also known as coke, is a strong stimulant mostly used as a recreational drug. It is commonly snorted, inhaled, or injected into the veins, mental effects may include loss of contact with reality, an intense feeling of happiness, or agitation. Physical symptoms may include a fast heart rate, sweating, high doses can result in very high blood pressure or body temperature. Effects begin within seconds to minutes of use and last between five and ninety minutes, Cocaine has a small number of accepted medical uses such as numbing and decreasing bleeding during nasal surgery. Cocaine is addictive due to its effect on the pathway in the brain. After a short period of use, there is a risk that dependence will occur. Its use also increases the risk of stroke, myocardial infarction, lung problems in those who smoke it, blood infections, Cocaine sold on the street is commonly mixed with local anesthetics, cornstarch, quinine, or sugar which can result in additional toxicity. Following repeated doses a person may have decreased ability to feel pleasure, Cocaine acts by inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine. This results in concentrations of these three neurotransmitters in the brain. It can easily cross the barrier and may lead to the breakdown of the barrier. Cocaine is made from the leaves of the plant which are mostly grown in South America. In 2013,419 kilograms were produced legally and it is estimated that the illegal market for cocaine is 100 to 500 billion USD each year. With further processing crack cocaine can be produced from cocaine, after cannabis, cocaine is the most frequently used illegal drug globally. Between 14 and 21 million people use the drug each year, use is highest in North America followed by Europe and South America. Between one and three percent of people in the world have used cocaine at some point in their life. In 2013 cocaine use resulted in 4,300 deaths. The leaves of the plant have been used by Peruvians since ancient times. Cocaine was first isolated from the leaves in 1860, since 1961 the international Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs has required countries to make recreational use of cocaine a crime
9.
Reagan Era
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It overlaps with what political scientists call the Sixth Party System. Liberals generally lament the Reagan Era, while conservatives generally praise it and he put us on a fundamentally different path because the country was ready for it. I think they felt like all the excesses of the 1960s and 1970s and government had grown and grown. He just tapped into what people were feeling, which was we want clarity, we want optimism, we want a return to that sense of dynamism. Most historians begin the era in 1980, when Reagan was elected president and she shows step by step the process by which one political alternative after another collapsed, leaving Reagan standing. The endpoint of the Reagan Era is usually seen as the election of Democrat Barack Obama in 2008, the Clinton presidency is often treated as an extension of the Reagan Era, as is the Bush presidency. Tom Clancy wrote three best-selling novels that illuminate the Reagan era, The Hunt for Red October, Red Storm Rising and they reflect Reagan-era Cold War values. The Soviet Union as an empire and the superiority of American values. Policy elites used these novels to promote their ideas of national security to the American public, other scholars agree on the importance of the Reagan Era. and J. Geoffrey Golson. Turning Points—Actual and Alternate Histories, The Reagan Era from the Iran Crisis to Kosovo Collins, Robert M. Transforming America, Politics and Culture during the Reagan Years Conlin, Joseph R. Morning in America, The Age of Reagan 1980-1993, ch.50 in Conlin, The American Past, A Survey of American History Ehrman, the Eighties, America in the Age of Reagan, Hayward, Steven F. The Age of Reagan, The Fall of the Old Liberal Order, 1964-1980, The Age of Reagan, The Conservative Counterrevolution, 1980-1989 Hixson, Walter L. Red Storm Rising, Tom Clancy novels and the cult of national security, Diplomatic History, Fall 1993, Vol.17 Issue 4, pp 599–613 Phillips-Fein, Kim. Ronald Reagan, Fate, Freedom, and Making of History, Enterprise and Society, Volume 8, Number 4, December 2007, the New Historiography of the 1980s, Reviews in American History Volume 36, Number 2, June 2008, pp. 303–314 Rossinow, Doug. The Reagan Era, A History of the 1980s Straub, Whitney, further into the Right, The Ever-Expanding Historiography of the U. S. New Right, Journal of Social History, Volume 42, Number 1, Fall 2008, pp. 183–194 Troy, the Reagan Revolution, A Very Short Introduction Wilentz, Sean. The Age of Reagan, A History, 1974-2008 Wirls, Daniel, buildup, The Politics of Defense in the Reagan Era. Chapter 13, The Culture of Narcissism, The Reagan Era, in Woods, Quest for Identity, The U. S
10.
Mark Ruffalo
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Mark Alan Ruffalo is an American actor, humanitarian, social activist and film producer. He made his debut in an episode of CBS Summer Playhouse. He was part of the original cast of This Is Our Youth, following were his roles in 13 Going on 30, Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind, Zodiac, and What Doesnt Kill You. In 2010, he starred in the psychological thriller Shutter Island, for the latter, he received nominations for the SAG Award, BAFTA Award, and an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor. He also co-starred in the mystery films Now You See Me, Ruffalo gained international prominence by portraying the Marvel Comics character the Hulk in The Avengers and Avengers, Age of Ultron. The same year, he portrayed Dave Schultz in Foxcatcher, for which he was nominated for awards, including a Golden Globe, Ruffalo was born in Kenosha, Wisconsin. His mother, Marie Rose, is a hairdresser and stylist and he has two sisters, Tania and Nicole, and a brother, Scott. His father is of Italian descent, from Girifalco, and his mother is of half French Canadian, Ruffalo attended both Catholic school and progressive schools. Ruffalo has described himself as having been a kid, although he struggled from undiagnosed dyslexia and ADD as a child. Ruffalo spent his teen years in Virginia Beach, Virginia, where his father worked and he competed in wrestling in junior high and high school in Wisconsin and Virginia. With the Orpheus Theatre Company, he wrote, directed, and starred in a number of plays, Ruffalo had minor roles in films like The Dentist, the low-key crime comedy Safe Men and Ang Lees Civil War Western Ride with the Devil. He appeared opposite Tom Cruise as a detective in Michael Manns crime-thriller Collateral. In the mid 2000s, Ruffalo appeared as a lead in View From the Top,13 Going on 30, Just Like Heaven. In 2006, Ruffalo starred in Clifford Odets Awake and Sing. at the Belasco Theatre in New York, for which he was nominated for a Tony Award for Best Featured Actor in a Play. In March 2007, he appeared in Zodiac as SFPD homicide inspector Dave Toschi, in 2007, Ruffalo played divorced lawyer Dwight Arno, who accidentally kills a child and speeds away, in Terry Georges film Reservation Road, based on the novel by John Burnham Schwartz. In 2008, Ruffalo starred as a con man in The Brothers Bloom with Adrien Brody and Rachel Weisz,2008 also saw Ruffalo in Brian Goodmans What Doesnt Kill You with Ethan Hawke and Amanda Peet, which was shown at the Toronto International Film Festival. In 2009, he played a role in the film Where The Wild Things Are as Maxs mothers boyfriend. In 2010, he co-starred in the Martin Scorsese thriller Shutter Island as U. S, marshal Chuck Aule, the partner of Leonardo DiCaprios character Teddy Daniels
11.
Second Stage Theatre
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Second Stage Theatre is a theater company founded in 1979 and located in Manhattan, New York City. It produces both new plays and revivals of contemporary American plays by new playwrights and established writers, in April 2015, the company bought the Helen Hayes Theatre, a Broadway theatre. The theatres mission is to give new life to contemporary American plays, Second Stage Theatre was founded in 1979 by Carole Rothman and Robyn Goodman with the purpose of giving new life to existing plays. Although the original idea of Second Stage was to give second stagings to plays that failed to find audiences, Rothman and Goodman soon began producing new works. In 1999, Second Stage moved into a new home on the corner of West 43rd Street, the building was originally a bank, the 1929 structure was redesigned for the stage by Dutch architect Rem Koolhaas. The McGinn/Cazale Theatre is now home to 2STs Uptown Series, a summer series dedicated to nurturing young playwrights often receiving their first professional production in New York City. It was announced on April 18,2015, that the sale of Helen Hayes Theatre, the sale price was $24.7 million. Second Stage will have its first production at the theatre during the 2017-18 season, after renovations, Second Stage will become one of only four nonprofit theatre companies that own and operate theatres on Broadway. The company will continue to lease and operate its original theatres on the Upper West Side, 2ST Uptown was created in 2002 as a program to help develop and provide a voice for a new generation of theatre artists. The series seeks to develop the skills of emerging playwrights by providing them with the support of an artistic institution. Many of the involved are making their New York City debuts. Because of this, Second Stage serves as a gateway for many young American theatre artists to step onto the New York scene, all plays are presented at the McGinn/Cazale Theatre, the series is curated by Second Stages Associate Artistic Director, Christopher Burney. In 2010 Next to Normal received the Pulitzer Prize for Drama, in the following table, the seasons correspond to the year of the plays production, the ceremonies are traditionally held in the same or the following year as the production. Entries with a blue background have won the award, those with a background are the nominees. Winners Nominees Notes Official website Lortel Archives Tony Kizer Theatre at the Internet off-Broadway Database McGinn-Cazale Theatre at the Internet off-Broadway Database
12.
West End theatre
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West End theatre is a common term for mainstream professional theatre staged in the large theatres of Theatreland in and near the West End of London. Along with New York Citys Broadway theatre, West End theatre is considered to represent the highest level of commercial theatre in the English-speaking world. Seeing a West End show is a common tourist activity in London, in 2013, ticket sales reached a record 14.4 million, making West End the largest English speaking audience in the world. Famous screen actors frequently appear on the London stage, helen Mirren received an award for her performance as the Queen on the West End stage, and then stated, theatre is such an important part of British history and British culture. Theatre in London flourished after the English Reformation, the first permanent public playhouse, known simply as The Theatre, was constructed in 1576 in Shoreditch by James Burbage. It was soon joined by The Curtain, both are known to have been used by William Shakespeares company. In 1599, the timber from The Theatre was moved to Southwark and these theatres were closed in 1642 due to the Puritans who would later influence the interregnum of 1649. After the Restoration, two companies were licensed to perform, the Dukes Company and the Kings Company, performances were held in converted buildings, such as Lisles Tennis Court. The first West End theatre, known as Theatre Royal in Bridges Street, was designed by Thomas Killigrew and built on the site of the present Theatre Royal and it opened on 7 May 1663 and was destroyed by a fire nine years later. It was replaced by a new designed by Christopher Wren and renamed the Theatre Royal. Outside the West End, Sadlers Wells Theatre opened in Islington on 3 June 1683. Taking its name from founder Richard Sadler and monastic springs that were discovered on the property, it operated as a Musick House, with performances of opera, as it was not licensed for plays. In the West End, the Theatre Royal Haymarket opened on 29 December 1720 on a site north of its current location. The Patent theatre companies retained their duopoly on drama well into the 19th century, by the early 19th century, however, music hall entertainments became popular, and presenters found a loophole in the restrictions on non-patent theatres in the genre of melodrama. Melodrama did not break the Patent Acts, as it was accompanied by music, initially, these entertainments were presented in large halls, attached to public houses, but purpose-built theatres began to appear in the East End at Shoreditch and Whitechapel. The West End theatre district became established with the opening of small theatres and halls. South of the River Thames, the Old Vic, Waterloo Road, the next few decades saw the opening of many new theatres in the West End. It abbreviated its name three years later, the theatre building boom continued until about World War I
13.
Garrick Theatre
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The Garrick Theatre is a West End theatre, located on Charing Cross Road, in the City of Westminster, named for the stage actor David Garrick. It opened in 1889 with The Profligate, a play by Arthur Wing Pinero, in its early years, the Garrick appears to have specialised in the performance of melodrama. The theatre later became associated with comedies, including No Sex Please, Were British, there was previously another theatre that was sometimes called the Garrick in London, on Leman Street, opened in 1831 and demolished in 1881. The new Garrick Theatre was financed in 1889 by the playwright W. S. Gilbert, the author of over 75 plays, including the Gilbert and Sullivan comic operas. It was designed by Walter Emden, with C. J. Phipps brought in as a consultant to help with the planning on the site after an underground river was discovered in the excavation. Originally the theatre had 800 seats on four levels, but the level has since been closed. The theatres first manager was Gilberts friend John Hare, the first play at the theatre, The Profligate, by Arthur Wing Pinero and starring Hare, opened on 24 April 1889. Sydney Grundys long-running French-style comedy A Pair of Spectacles opened here in February 1890, Mrs Patrick Campbell starred five years later in Pineros The Notorious Mrs. Ebbsmith. In 1900, the theatre hosted J. M. Barries The Wedding Guest, the only piece actually premiered by W. S. Gilbert here was Harlequin and the Fairys Dilemma, a Domestic Pantomime. In 1921, Basil Rathbone played Dr. Lawson in The Edge o Beyond at the Garrick, in 1925 Henry Daniell played there as Jack Race in Cobra and appeared there again as Paul Cortot in Marriage by Purchase in March 1932. A proposed redevelopment of Covent Garden by the GLC in 1968 saw the theatre under threat, together with the nearby Vaudeville, Adelphi, Lyceum and Duchess theatres. An active campaign by Equity, the Musicians Union, and theatre owners under the auspices of the Save London Theatres Campaign led to the abandonment of the scheme. The gold-leaf auditorium was restored in 1986 by the stage designer Carl Toms, the theatre has mostly been associated with comedies or comedy-dramas. More recent productions are listed below and include No Sex Please, Were British, in 1995, the Royal National Theatres multi-award winning production of J. B. Priestleys An Inspector Calls opened here, having played successful seasons at the Royal National Theatres Lyttelton and Olivier theatres as well as the Aldwych Theatre, the interior retains many of its original features, and was Grade II* listed by English Heritage in September 1960. 1972 – Anthony Shaffers Sleuth transferred 1977 – Side By Side By Sondheim transferred and was a continuing success,111 ISBN 0-7136-5688-3 Whos Who in the Theatre, edited by John Parker, tenth edition, revised, London,1947, pps, 477–478 and 1184. Official Garrick Theatre Website Article on Garrick Theatre Information about the Garrick and other Victorian theatres
14.
Phil Cameron
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Phil Cameron is a British entrepreneur, the founder of No.1 Traveller, and a former Tony and Olivier Award-winning theatre producer. Cameron was born on 14 November 1972 in London and he read English and Drama at the University of Exeter before becoming a theatre manager and ultimately a producer. Cameron’s first major play was Top Girls, in 2000, in 2005, he won a Laurence Olivier Award for Best Revival for his production of Hamlet. After initially attempting to set up an airline which would cater exclusively for business passengers, the company specialises in airport lounges and other pre-flight services, the first lounge was opened at JFK International Airport, Terminal 4 and was branded, “The Lounge”. The company also provides chauffeur driven airport transfers to its London airports and operates Travel Spas at Gatwick, in October 2015, the company opened up Clubrooms, a collection of four VIP lounges available for private bookings at Gatwick South. This followed the July 2014 launch of My Lounge, an alternative to their main lounge at Gatwick North
15.
Jake Gyllenhaal
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Jacob Benjamin Jake Gyllenhaal is an American actor. He subsequently appeared in indie film, The Good Girl. In 2005, Gyllenhaal portrayed Anthony Swoff Swofford in Jarhead, Gwyneth Paltrows love interest in Proof, Gyllenhaal was born in Los Angeles, California, the son of film producer and screenwriter Naomi Foner and film director Stephen Gyllenhaal. Actress Maggie Gyllenhaal, his sister, appeared with him in the film Donnie Darko. Gyllenhaals father, who was raised as a Swedenborgian, is of Swedish and English descent, jakes last ancestor to be born in Sweden was his great-great-grandfather, Anders Leonard Gyllenhaal. Jakes mother is Jewish, she was born in New York City, to a family from Russia, Gyllenhaal has said that he considers himself Jewish. His parents insisted that he have summer jobs to support himself and he worked as a lifeguard. Gyllenhaal said his parents encouraged artistic expression, I do have parents who supported me in certain ways. In other ways, they were lacking, definitely, its in expression and creativity where my family has always been best at. As a child, Gyllenhaal was regularly exposed to filmmaking due to his familys ties to the industry. He made his debut as Billy Crystals son in the 1991 comedy film City Slickers. His parents did not allow him to appear in the 1992 film The Mighty Ducks because it would have required his leaving home for two months, in subsequent years, his parents allowed him to audition for roles but regularly forbade him to take them if he were chosen. He was allowed to appear in his fathers films several times, Gyllenhaal appeared in the 1993 film A Dangerous Woman, in Bop Gun, a 1994 episode of Homicide, Life on the Street, and in the 1998 comedy Homegrown. Along with their mother, Jake and Maggie appeared in two episodes of Molto Mario, an Italian cooking show on the Food Network. Prior to his year in high school, the only other film not directed by his father, in which Gyllenhaal was allowed to perform, was the 1993 film Josh. Gyllenhaal dropped out two years to concentrate on acting but has expressed intentions to eventually finish his degree. The film earned $32 million and was described in the Sacramento News, Donnie Darko, Gyllenhaals second film, was not a box office success upon its initial 2001 release but eventually became a cult favorite. After the critical success of Donnie Darko, Gyllenhaals next role was as Pilot Kelston in 2002s Highway alongside Jared Leto and his performance was described by one critic as silly, cliched and straight to video
16.
Hayden Christensen
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Hayden Christensen is a Canadian actor and producer. He began his career on Canadian television at the age of 13 and he was praised for his acting as Sam in Life as a House, which earned him nominations for both the Golden Globe Award and Screen Actors Guild Award. He was also nominated to the Saturn Award for Best Actor and he gained international fame for his portrayal of the young Anakin Skywalker in Star Wars, Episode II – Attack of the Clones and Star Wars, Episode III – Revenge of the Sith. Christensen was born in Vancouver, British Columbia, to Alie, an American speechwriter, and David Christensen and his father is of Danish descent, and his mother has Swedish and Italian ancestry. Christensen is one of four children, with a brother, Tove, who is also an actor and producer, an older sister, Hejsa. Christensen was raised in Thornhill, Ontario and he attended E. J. Sand Public School, Baythorn Public School, and Unionville High School in Unionville, Ontario. He was an athlete in school, playing hockey competitively. He spent summers on Long Island with his grandmother, Rose Schwartz. He was discovered when his sister, a former trampoline champion, was searching for an agent after she landed a role in a Pringles commercial. Christensen made his debut in September 1993, when, at the age of 12. The following year, he had a role in John Carpenters In the Mouth of Madness. From 1995 through 1999, he appeared in films and television series, including Harrison Bergeron, Forever Knight, Goosebumps, The Virgin Suicides. However, the performance did not receive public notice. In 2002, Christensen made his London theatre debut with Jake Gyllenhaal, peter Travers of Rolling Stone wrote, Hayden Christensen is sensational as Glass, finding the wonder boy and the weasel in a disturbed kid flying high on a fame he hasnt earned. In 2005, Christensen made his Broadway debut when he appeared briefly in a 10-minute play, in 2005, he took part in the fifth annual 24 Hour Plays benefit, which raises cash for nonprofit groups in the Big Apple. On May 12,2000, Christensen announced that he would be starring as Anakin Skywalker in Star Wars, Episode II – Attack of the Clones and Star Wars, the casting director reviewed about 1,500 other candidates before director George Lucas selected Christensen. Lucas is quoted as saying that he chose Christensen because he needed an actor who has that presence of the Dark Side and this was essential to solidify the story that Lucas was trying to tell, the tragic fall of Anakin Skywalker and the rise of Darth Vader. Lucas agreed, and a suit was engineered to fit Christensens frame and his voice as the robotic Vader, however, was dubbed over by James Earl Jones, who first made the voice famous in the original trilogy
17.
Anna Paquin
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Anna Helene Paquin is a Canadian-born New Zealand actress. As a child, she beat 5000 candidates for the role of Flora McGrath in Jane Campions romantic drama film The Piano, despite having had little to no acting experience prior to getting the role. For her performance, she received the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress at the age of 11 and she played mutant superheroine Rogue in multiple films of the X-Men franchise and was nominated for a Saturn Award and a Screen Actors Guild Award for her performance in the first installment. Paquin is also known for playing the role of Sookie Stackhouse in the HBO vampire drama television series True Blood. Paquin has been married since 2010 to actor Stephen Moyer, with whom she has two children, Paquin has two older siblings, Andrew, a director, and Katya, whose partner is the Green Party of New Zealands former co-leader Russel Norman. Paquin is of Dutch, French and Irish descent, Paquins family moved to New Zealand when she was four. She attended the Raphael House Rudolf Steiner School until she was eight or nine and her musical childhood hobbies in New Zealand included playing the viola, cello and piano. She also participated in gymnastics, ballet, swimming and downhill skiing, while in New Zealand, Paquin attended Hutt Intermediate School. She graduated from Windward School in June 2000 and completed the schools Community Service requirement by working in a soup kitchen and she studied at Columbia University for one year but has since been on a leave of absence to continue her acting career. Director Jane Campion was looking for a girl to play a main role in The Piano, set to film in New Zealand. Paquins sister read the ad and went to try out with a friend, when The Piano was released in 1993 it was lauded by critics, won prizes at a number of film festivals, and eventually became a popular film among a wide audience. Paquins debut performance in the film earned her the 1993 Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress at the age of 11, making her the second-youngest Oscar winner in history, behind Tatum ONeal. The Piano was made as a independent film and wasnt expected to be widely known. However, she was invited to the William Morris Agency, and she systematically refused them, but she did appear in three commercials for the phone company MCI in 1994. She later made a series of commercials for Manitoba Telecom Systems in her birth city of Winnipeg. She also appeared as a voice in a book entitled The Magnificent Nose in 1994. In 1996, she appeared in two films, the first role was as young Jane in Jane Eyre. The other was a part in Fly Away Home playing a young girl who, after her mother dies, moves in with her father
18.
Mosaic Theater Company of DC
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Mosaic Theater Company of DC is a non-profit theater company located in Washington DC. Founded by former Theater J artistic director Ari Roth in 2015, Mosaic Theater Company was the result of a significant rift between Founding Artistic Director Ari Roth and the leadership of the D. C. Jewish Community Center, where he had been director of Theater J. Over 18 years Roth transformed that company from a rather undistinguished presenter of Jewish-themed work into one of the nations most daring theatres. Roth has been quoted as believing that play was key to his firing from Theater J The Mosaic Theater Company performs primarily at the Atlas Performing Arts Center at 1333 H St NE. Unexplored Interior by Jay O. Sanders was the production of the company. 2015-2016 Season The Case for Hope in a Polarized World Unexplored Interior By Jay O
19.
Studio Theatre (Washington, D.C.)
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The Studio Theatre is a non-profit theater production company located at 1501 14th Street NW, Washington DC in the 14th Street corridor of Washington, D. C. It produces contemporary plays in a four-stage complex, stages include the Metheny, the Mead and Milton, and Stage 4, a black box. In 1988, the Studio Theatre started its 2nd Stage production series to provide opportunities for emerging, Studio Theatre contains three main venues, the Metheny, the Mead, and the Milton. All three are thrust stages and seat approximately 200 people each and they were designed by co-founder Russell Metheny to foster an intimate connection between actor and audience. With three ~200 seat performance spaces, the Studio Theatre audiences are always close to the actors, founding artistic director Joy Zinoman has been quoted as saying We want audiences to see them cry and laugh. The audience is there to confront the actor, the actor is like the priest. She further explained that this intimacy between the actors and the audience is part of what makes Studio special. S. Helen Hayes Award http, //www. washingtonpost. com/gog/theaters/studio-theatre,791890. html http, //www. potomacstages. com/Studio. htm http, //www. studiotheatre. org
20.
Jon Bernthal
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He portrayed Joe Teague in Mob City and Frank Castle in the Netflix series Daredevil, and is set to reprise the latter role in the Netflix series The Punisher. Bernthal was born and raised in Washington, D. C. the son of Joan Lurie and Eric Lawrence Rick Bernthal and his paternal grandfather was musician and producer Murray Bernthal. He has two brothers, Nicholas and Thomas, after high school, Bernthal briefly studied at Skidmore College in Saratoga Springs, and later attended The School of Moscow Art Theatre in Russia. During his time there, he played catcher on a baseball team. Since 2002, Bernthal has performed in over 30 plays regionally and Off-Broadway, including many with his own award-winning theatre company and he also had small guest roles in television series such as Boston Legal, CSI, Miami, and How I Met Your Mother. Bernthal booked his first regular role on a series with the sitcom The Class. The show was cancelled after one season. After this, he had roles in such as World Trade Center. In 2009, Bernthal had a role in the Ben Stiller comedy film Night at the Museum. The same year, he became a regular on the television series Eastwick. In 2010, Bernthal portrayed Sgt. Manuel Rodriguez on the HBO miniseries The Pacific, Bernthal portrayed Shane Walsh in Frank Darabonts The Walking Dead, based on the comic book series of the same name. He was a regular on the show until 2012 and was nominated for the Breakout Performance – Male Award at the 2011 Scream Awards for his performance and that same year, he guest starred in an episode of NBCs legal comedy-drama series Harrys Law as Lucas Trassino. In 2013, he appeared in the drama film Snitch. He also had supporting roles in the Martin Scorsese film The Wolf of Wall Street and he played southerner Grady Coon-Ass Travis in the 2014 World War II film Fury, opposite Brad Pitt, Shia LaBeouf, Michael Peña and Logan Lerman. Bernthal appears as a character in the video game Call of Duty. Bernthal next co-starred in Denis Villeneuves action drama film Sicario, opposite Emily Blunt and Josh Brolin, in 2017, he appeared in Edgar Wrights Baby Driver, a crime comedy in which he played Griff. Also in 2017, he starred in Sicario writer Taylor Sheridans directorial debut Wind River and he will star in the Irish action thriller film Pilgrimage, alongside Tom Holland and Richard Armitage. Bernthal married Erin Angle, the niece of professional wrestler Kurt Angle, on September 25,2010 in Potomac and they have two sons, Henry and Billy, and a daughter, Adeline
21.
Black Swan State Theatre Company
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Black Swan State Theatre Company is Western Australias state theatre company. It runs a subscription season in Perth at the State Theatre Centre of Western Australia, tours its productions regionally and interstate. Black Swans Artistic Director is Kate Cherry, past artistic directors include Andrew Ross, Black Swan’s inaugural production was Twelfth Night in 1991. The Australian’s Alison Farmer claimed that the new company “soared triumphant”, Black Swan’s founding Artistic Director was Andrew Ross, he held the position until 2003. Black Swan’s office and rehearsal room was located at the Old Masonic Hall in Nedlands, Black Swan won critical and popular acclaim for both its world premiere productions and locally inspired reinterpretations of international theatre classics. Some of its productions from this period include Bran Nue Dae, Sistergirl, Tourmaline, Corrugation Road, The Merry-Go-Round in the Sea, Cloudstreet. Following Ross’ departure in 2003, Peter Kingston was engaged as Black Swan’s acting Artistic Director until the appointment of Tom Gutteridge in 2004. In 2008, Black Swan was rebranded Black Swan State Theatre Company, in 2011, Black Swan became one of two Resident Companies in the new State Theatre Centre of WA. Since then, all of its productions have been performed there in either the Heath Ledger Theatre or the Studio Underground, Black Swan’s Artistic Director is Kate Cherry, who was appointed to the position in 2008. Cherry’s critical successes include Helpmann and Green Room nominations and awards and she has been the recipient of an NYC Drama League Fellowship and a Williamson Leadership Program Fellowship. Black Swan commissions new productions in partnership with the Rio Tinto Group and this partnership has so far produced four mainstage works, Aidan Fennessy’s National Interest, Hilary Bell’s The White Divers of Broome, Hannie Rayson’s The Swimming Club and Kate Mulvany’s The Web. A fifth play, The Damned by Reg Cribb, received its premiere in the Studio Underground at the State Theatre Centre of WA, Writers currently under commission include Hilary Bell, Damon Lockwood, Caleb Lewis, Suzie Miller, Hellie Turner, and Brendan Hanson and Tim Cunniffe. Black Swan’s Resident Artists Program supports up to five emerging artists annually by offering a year-long involvement working on a minimum of two Black Swan productions, the Resident Artists Program provides access to training, funding opportunities, mentoring and state-of-the-art theatre practice in order to facilitate learning and performance. Black Swan’s Emerging Writers Group ushers a selected group of writers through a process of writing and devising a new work for the theatre. Members must complete a full length play by the end of the year, three completed plays are chosen for full readings by a professional cast, in addition, one play is selected to be part of the Blue Room’s ‘Summer Nights’ season the following year. The HotBed Ensemble was Black Swan’s professional development program for emerging Western Australian artists directed by Adam Mitchell, the program included exclusive skills development and workshop opportunities with local, national and international artists, and the opportunity to create original, contemporary work. More than a third of the HotBed artists went on to work in Black Swans mainstage program, the Shape of Things, Yellow Moon and Caucasian Chalk Circle all received Equity Guild nominations, Caucasian Chalk Circle won two Equity Guild Awards, and The Shape of Things won five. In 2011, the HotBed Ensemble was replaced by the Emerging Artists Program, Black Swan State Theatre Company Black Swan State Theatre Company Blog
22.
Woody Harrelson
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Woodrow Tracy Woody Harrelson is an American actor, activist and playwright. He is a two-time Academy Award nominee and has won one Emmy Award out of seven nominations and his breakout role came in 1985, joining the television sitcom Cheers as bartender Woody Boyd, for which he earned five Emmy Award nominations. Larry Flynt, country singer Dusty in A Prairie Home Companion and he will be portraying the Colonel in War for the Planet of the Apes. Larry Flynt and The Messenger, Harrelson earned Academy Award nominations for Best Actor and Best Supporting Actor, Harrelson was born in Midland, Texas, the son of Diane and Charles Voyde Harrelson. He has two brothers, Jordan and Brett Harrelson, Charles Voyde Harrelson, who was a hitman, was arrested in 1979 for killing Federal Judge John H. Wood Jr. in San Antonio, Texas. His father was convicted and eventually died during his sentence in the United States Penitentiary Administrative Maximum Facility. In 1973, Harrelson moved to his mothers native city, Lebanon and he attended Lebanon High School, working through much of high school as a woodcarver at Kings Island amusement park. He attended Hanover College in Hanover, Indiana, where he joined the Sigma Chi fraternity and he received a Bachelor of Arts in theater and English in 1983. He told Playboy in October 2009, I was getting into theology and studying the roots of the Bible, I started seeing things that made me ask, Is God really speaking through this instrument. My eyes opened to the reality of the Bible being just a document to control people, at the time I was a real mamas boy and deeply mesmerized by the church. Harrelson is widely known for his work on the NBC sitcom Cheers and he played bartender Woody Boyd, who replaced Coach. He joined the cast in 1985 in season four, spending the final eight seasons on the show, for this role, Harrelson was nominated for five Emmy Awards, winning once in 1989. His character, Woody Boyd, was from Hanover, Indiana, in 1999, Harrelson guest-starred in the Cheers spin-off success Frasier, in which he reprised the role of Woody Boyd. He was nominated for an Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actor in a Comedy Series for this performance and he appeared in several 2001 episodes of Will & Grace as Graces new boyfriend Nathan. On the November 12,2009 episode of the Comedy Central show The Colbert Report, Harrelson was interviewed by Stephen Colbert, in response to Colberts questioning of his support for the troops, Harrelson agreed to let Colbert shave his head on camera. On June 6,2010, Harrelson took part playing in Soccer Aid 2010 for UNICEF UK at Old Trafford in Manchester, the match was broadcast live on UKs ITV television. After being brought on as a substitute for Gordon Ramsay, Harrelson took the penalty in the penalty shootout. When later interviewed he claimed that he didnt even remember the moment of scoring, Harrelson also took part in Soccer Aid 2012 on May 27,2012
23.
Toronto
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Toronto is the most populous city in Canada and the provincial capital of Ontario. With a population of 2,731,571, it is the fourth most populous city in North America after Mexico City, New York City, and Los Angeles. A global city, Toronto is a centre of business, finance, arts, and culture. Aboriginal peoples have inhabited the area now known as Toronto for thousands of years, the city itself is situated on the southern terminus of an ancient Aboriginal trail leading north to Lake Simcoe, used by the Wyandot, Iroquois, and the Mississauga. Permanent European settlement began in the 1790s, after the broadly disputed Toronto Purchase of 1787, the British established the town of York, and later designated it as the capital of Upper Canada. During the War of 1812, the town was the site of the Battle of York, York was renamed and incorporated as the city of Toronto in 1834, and became the capital of the province of Ontario during the Canadian Confederation in 1867. The city proper has since expanded past its original borders through amalgamation with surrounding municipalities at various times in its history to its current area of 630.2 km2. While the majority of Torontonians speak English as their primary language, Toronto is a prominent centre for music, theatre, motion picture production, and television production, and is home to the headquarters of Canadas major national broadcast networks and media outlets. Toronto is known for its skyscrapers and high-rise buildings, in particular the tallest free-standing structure in the Western Hemisphere. The name Toronto is likely derived from the Iroquois word tkaronto and this refers to the northern end of what is now Lake Simcoe, where the Huron had planted tree saplings to corral fish. A portage route from Lake Ontario to Lake Huron running through this point, in the 1660s, the Iroquois established two villages within what is today Toronto, Ganatsekwyagon on the banks of the Rouge River and Teiaiagonon the banks of the Humber River. By 1701, the Mississauga had displaced the Iroquois, who abandoned the Toronto area at the end of the Beaver Wars, French traders founded Fort Rouillé on the current Exhibition grounds in 1750, but abandoned it in 1759. During the American Revolutionary War, the region saw an influx of British settlers as United Empire Loyalists fled for the British-controlled lands north of Lake Ontario, the new province of Upper Canada was in the process of creation and needed a capital. Dorchester intended the location to be named Toronto, in 1793, Governor John Graves Simcoe established the town of York on the Toronto Purchase lands, instead naming it after Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany. Simcoe decided to move the Upper Canada capital from Newark to York, the York garrison was constructed at the entrance of the towns natural harbour, sheltered by a long sandbar peninsula. The towns settlement formed at the end of the harbour behind the peninsula, near the present-day intersection of Parliament Street. In 1813, as part of the War of 1812, the Battle of York ended in the towns capture, the surrender of the town was negotiated by John Strachan. US soldiers destroyed much of the garrison and set fire to the parliament buildings during their five-day occupation, the sacking of York was a primary motivation for the Burning of Washington by British troops later in the war
24.
Ontario
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Ontario, one of the 13 provinces and territories of Canada, is located in east-central Canada. It is Canadas most populous province by a margin, accounting for nearly 40 percent of all Canadians. Ontario is fourth-largest in total area when the territories of the Northwest Territories and it is home to the nations capital city, Ottawa, and the nations most populous city, Toronto. There is only about 1 km of land made up of portages including Height of Land Portage on the Minnesota border. Ontario is sometimes divided into two regions, Northern Ontario and Southern Ontario. The great majority of Ontarios population and arable land is located in the south, in contrast, the larger, northern part of Ontario is sparsely populated with cold winters and is heavily forested. The province is named after Lake Ontario, a thought to be derived from Ontarí, io, a Huron word meaning great lake, or possibly skanadario. Ontario has about 250,000 freshwater lakes, the province consists of three main geographical regions, The thinly populated Canadian Shield in the northwestern and central portions, which comprises over half the land area of Ontario. Although this area mostly does not support agriculture, it is rich in minerals and in part covered by the Central and Midwestern Canadian Shield forests, studded with lakes, Northern Ontario is subdivided into two sub-regions, Northwestern Ontario and Northeastern Ontario. The virtually unpopulated Hudson Bay Lowlands in the north and northeast, mainly swampy. Southern Ontario which is further sub-divided into four regions, Central Ontario, Eastern Ontario, Golden Horseshoe, the highest point is Ishpatina Ridge at 693 metres above sea level located in Temagami, Northeastern Ontario. In the south, elevations of over 500 m are surpassed near Collingwood, above the Blue Mountains in the Dundalk Highlands, the Carolinian forest zone covers most of the southwestern region of the province. A well-known geographic feature is Niagara Falls, part of the Niagara Escarpment, the Saint Lawrence Seaway allows navigation to and from the Atlantic Ocean as far inland as Thunder Bay in Northwestern Ontario. Northern Ontario occupies roughly 87 percent of the area of the province. Point Pelee is a peninsula of Lake Erie in southwestern Ontario that is the southernmost extent of Canadas mainland, Pelee Island and Middle Island in Lake Erie extend slightly farther. All are south of 42°N – slightly farther south than the border of California. The climate of Ontario varies by season and location, the effects of these major air masses on temperature and precipitation depend mainly on latitude, proximity to major bodies of water and to a small extent, terrain relief. In general, most of Ontarios climate is classified as humid continental, Ontario has three main climatic regions
25.
Canada
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Canada is a country in the northern half of North America. Canadas border with the United States is the worlds longest binational land border, the majority of the country has a cold or severely cold winter climate, but southerly areas are warm in summer. Canada is sparsely populated, the majority of its territory being dominated by forest and tundra. It is highly urbanized with 82 per cent of the 35.15 million people concentrated in large and medium-sized cities, One third of the population lives in the three largest cities, Toronto, Montreal and Vancouver. Its capital is Ottawa, and other urban areas include Calgary, Edmonton, Quebec City, Winnipeg. Various aboriginal peoples had inhabited what is now Canada for thousands of years prior to European colonization. Pursuant to the British North America Act, on July 1,1867, the colonies of Canada, New Brunswick and this began an accretion of provinces and territories to the mostly self-governing Dominion to the present ten provinces and three territories forming modern Canada. With the Constitution Act 1982, Canada took over authority, removing the last remaining ties of legal dependence on the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Canada is a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy, with Queen Elizabeth II being the head of state. The country is officially bilingual at the federal level and it is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, the product of large-scale immigration from many other countries. Its advanced economy is the eleventh largest in the world, relying chiefly upon its abundant natural resources, Canadas long and complex relationship with the United States has had a significant impact on its economy and culture. Canada is a country and has the tenth highest nominal per capita income globally as well as the ninth highest ranking in the Human Development Index. It ranks among the highest in international measurements of government transparency, civil liberties, quality of life, economic freedom, Canada is an influential nation in the world, primarily due to its inclusive values, years of prosperity and stability, stable economy, and efficient military. While a variety of theories have been postulated for the origins of Canada. In 1535, indigenous inhabitants of the present-day Quebec City region used the word to direct French explorer Jacques Cartier to the village of Stadacona, from the 16th to the early 18th century Canada referred to the part of New France that lay along the St. Lawrence River. In 1791, the area became two British colonies called Upper Canada and Lower Canada collectively named The Canadas, until their union as the British Province of Canada in 1841. Upon Confederation in 1867, Canada was adopted as the name for the new country at the London Conference. The transition away from the use of Dominion was formally reflected in 1982 with the passage of the Canada Act, later that year, the name of national holiday was changed from Dominion Day to Canada Day
26.
Cort Theatre
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The Cort Theatre is a Broadway theatre located at 138 West 48th Street in the Theater District of midtown Manhattan in New York City. It is owned by the Shubert Organization, the largest owner of Broadway theatres, the Cort Theatre was designated a New York City landmark on November 17,1987. John Cort, founder of the Northwestern Theatrical Association, commissioned architect Thomas W. Lamb to design the theater and its façade was modeled on the Petit Trianon in Versailles. The resulting 1082-seat Cort Theater is one of the few Lamb theaters still extant, the interior was designed in the style of the era of Louis XVI, with a Pavanozza marble lobby with plasterwork panels. The arch of the stage consists of perforated plaster treated with art glass. The arch still exists as of 2007, although the feature is no longer in operation. The Cort Theatre opened on December 20,1912 with Laurette Taylor starring in the play Peg o My Heart, which ran for 603 performances, an auspicious start for the new venue. Numerous famous British actors have appeared at the Cort, Basil Rathbone played Dr. Nicholas Agi in The Swan in October 1923 and this was also the theatre where the aspiring actor James Dean made his broadway debut in 1952 with the play See The Jaguar. The Shubert Organization purchased the theatre in 1927, two years before John Corts death, the theatre was used as a television studio for The Merv Griffin Show from 1969 to 1972. However, in the scene where the theater blows up, the marquee of the Cort Theater can be seen, the Tony Award-winning revival of Fences, starring Denzel Washington and Viola Davis, achieved the box office record for the Cort Theatre. The production grossed $1,175,626 over eight performances, notes Bibliography Parker, John Whos Who in the Theatre, London,1947, pp. 477-478,1184. Official website Cort Theatre at the Internet Broadway Database Broadway Theatre Guide
27.
Steppenwolf Theatre Company
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Its name comes from the Hermann Hesse novel. Two years later, the moved to a 211-seat facility at 2851 N. Halsted Street, which was their home until 1991. In 1982, Sam Shepards True West, starring Sinise and John Malkovich, was the first of many Steppenwolf productions to travel to New York City, Steppenwolf is an ensemble theatre founded in 1974 by Gary Sinise, Terry Kinney, and Jeff Perry. In 1988, Steppenwolf presented the premiere of Frank Galatis adaption of The Grapes of Wrath, based on the John Steinbeck novel. In 2000 Steppenwolf presented the premiere of Austin Pendletons Orsons Shadow. In December 2007, Steppenwolf opened a new play written and directed by members at the Imperial Theatre on Broadway. Tracy Letts August, Osage County was hailed by the New York Times as, flat out, no asterisks and without qualifications the most exciting new American play Broadway has seen in years. Directed by ensemble member Anna D. Shapiro and featuring seven members, August. Letts went on to win the 2008 Pulitzer Prize for Drama for his play, August closed on Broadway on Sunday, June 28,2009, after 648 performances and 18 previews. In 2009 Steppenwolf was recognized by The Wall Street Journal as a Top Small Workplace in America, additionally, in 2010 Steppenwolfs apprenticeship program was honored for the second consecutive year as one of the Top 10 Internships in America by leading career website Vault. com. Among its many honors are the Tony Award for Regional Theatre Excellence, Chicago theatre List of museums and cultural institutions in Chicago Steppenwolf Theatre Company official website Steppenwolf Theatre Company at the Internet Broadway Database
28.
Kieran Culkin
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Kieran Kyle Culkin is an American actor. His breakout role in Igby Goes Down received critical acclaim and he was nominated for a Best Actor Golden Globe Award, as well as winning a Critics Choice Movie Award and Satellite Award. He has also acted on-stage, most notably in productions of the Kenneth Lonergan play This Is Our Youth. In 2015, he portrayed Rye Gerhardt in the season of the critically acclaimed FX series Fargo. Culkin was born in New York City, the son of Patricia Brentrup and Kit Culkin and he is the fourth of seven children. He has four brothers, Shane, Macaulay, Christian, and Rory and his second sister, Dakota, died in a car accident in 2008. Culkins first film role was a small part alongside his brother, Macaulay and he continued acting as a child and teenager, mainly working in comedies, including Home Alone 2, Lost in New York and Father of the Bride and its sequel. He also played a role in Shes All That as Laneys younger brother, as a teenager, he alternated between lead roles in independent films and small parts in mainstream films. He played the role in the film Igby Goes Down, for which he was nominated for a Golden Globe Award. He also had the role in The Mighty as Kevin Dillon. In 2015, he portrayed Rye Gerhardt in the season of the critically acclaimed FX series Fargo. Kieran Culkin at the Internet Movie Database Kieran Culkin at the Internet Broadway Database Kieran Culkin at Internet Off-Broadway Database
29.
Tavi Gevinson
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Tavi Gevinson is an American writer, magazine editor, and actress. She came to attention at the age of 12, due to her fashion blog Style Rookie. By the age of 15, she had shifted her focus to pop culture, Gevinson is the founder and editor-in-chief of the online Rookie Magazine, aimed primarily at teenage girls. In both 2011 and 2012, she appeared on the Forbes 30 Under 30 in Media list, in 2014, she was named one of The 25 Most Influential Teens of 2014 by Time magazine. Gevinson was born in Chicago, Illinois, and was raised in the town of Oak Park. Her father, Steve Gevinson, is a retired English high school teacher and her mother, Berit Engen, is a weaver and part-time Hebrew instructor who grew up in Oslo, Norway. Gevinsons father was born to an Orthodox Jewish family, while her mother, Gevinson and her two older sisters, Rivkah and Miriam, were raised in the Jewish faith, she had a Bat Mitzvah ceremony. Gevinson was educated at Oak Park and River Forest High School in Illinois and she took a gap year in the 2014/15 academic year before attending New York University. Gevinson started a blog, Style Rookie, in 2008. The blog, featuring photos of the eleven-year-old in distinctive outfits and her commentary on the latest fashion trends and her father wasnt terribly interested in her new hobby until she asked for his permission to be interviewed by The New York Times for an article about young bloggers. Because of the success, Gevinson was invited to attend New York Fashion Week. She made overseas fashion-related trips to Tokyo and Antwerp, funded by Pop magazine and she styled a shoot for BlackBook magazine, acted as a muse and model for Rodartes clothing line at Target stores, and partnered with Borders&Frontiers to design and sell her own T-shirt. In 2010, she spoke at a conference in New York and at Idea City. There was a backlash to Gevinsons early success in the fashion industry, New York Magazine questioned whether it was possible for Gevinson to write her blog without some help from a mom or older sister. Sarah Mower of The Daily Telegraph, while conceding that Gevinson had an independent, original voice. Its hard to imagine a kid being able to back down to reality. A Grazia fashion editor complained on Twitter that a bow worn by Gevinson had blocked her view of a runway during fashion week. Anne Slowey of Elle felt her success was gimmicky and commented, Shes been thirteen for, like, Gevinson later remarked, A lot of people on the Internet have a problem with a young person doing well
30.
Scott Pilgrim vs. the World
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Scott Pilgrim vs. the World is a 2010 action comedy fantasy film co-written, produced and directed by Edgar Wright, based on the graphic novel series Scott Pilgrim by Bryan Lee OMalley. It stars Michael Cera as Scott Pilgrim, a musician who must battle his girlfriend Ramonas seven evil exes. It was initially planned as a film after the first volume of the comic was released, Wright became attached to the project, and filming began in March 2009 in Toronto. The film premiered after a discussion at the San Diego Comic-Con International on July 22,2010. It received a release in North America on August 13,2010. It failed to regain its budget during its theatrical release. In Toronto, 22-year-old Scott Pilgrim is a bass guitarist in Sex Bob-Omb, to the disapproval of his friends, he is dating Knives Chau, a high-school student. Scott meets an American Amazon. ca delivery girl, Ramona Flowers, having first seen her in a dream, when Sex Bob-Omb plays in a battle of the bands sponsored by record executive G-Man Graves, Scott is attacked by Ramonas ex-boyfriend Matthew Patel. Scott defeats Patel and learns that, in order to date Ramona, Scott breaks up with Knives, who blames Ramona and swears to win him back. Scott defeats Ramonas second evil ex, Hollywood actor and skateboarder Lucas Lee and he defeats her third ex, vegan Todd Ingram, who is dating Scotts ex-girlfriend, Envy Adams, by tricking him into drinking dairy. He defeats Ramonas fourth ex, Roxy Richter, by prodding the spot behind her knee, Scott becomes upset with Ramonas dating history, and Ramona breaks up with him. At the next battle of the bands, Sex Bob-Omb defeats Ramonas fifth and sixth evil exes, twins Kyle and Ken Katayanagi, Ramona gets back with her seventh evil ex, Gideon, also known as G-Man Graves, the sponsor of the event. Sex Bob-Omb accepts Gideons record deal, except for Scott, who leaves the band in protest, Gideon invites Scott to his venue, the Chaos Theater, where Sex Bob-Omb is playing. Resolving to win Ramona back, Scott challenges Gideon to a fight for her affections, earning the Power of Love, Knives fights Ramona over Scott, and Scott is forced to reveal that he dated them concurrently. After Gideon kills Scott, Ramona visits him in limbo and reveals that Gideon has implanted her with a control device. Scott uses his 1-up to restore his life and he makes peace with his friends and challenges Gideon again, this time for himself. He gains the Power of Self-Respect and disarms Gideon with the sword it grants him and he apologizes to Ramona and Knives for cheating on them, and Scott and Knives join forces to defeat Gideon. Free from Gideons control, Ramona prepares to leave, Knives accepts that her relationship with Scott is over
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Matt Damon
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Matthew Paige Damon is an American actor, film producer, and screenwriter. He is ranked among Forbes magazines most bankable stars and is one of the actors of all time. Born and raised in Cambridge, Massachusetts, Damon began his career by appearing in high school theater productions. Damon is also known for his roles as Jason Bourne in the Bourne franchise. The latter also won him a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor, Damon has received Emmy Award nominations for his portrayal of Scott Thorson in the biopic Behind the Candelabra and for producing the reality series Project Greenlight. He also received an Oscar nomination for producing Manchester by the Sea, in addition to acting in films, Damon has performed voice-over work in both animated and documentary films and has established two production companies with Affleck. He has been involved in charitable work, including the ONE Campaign, H2O Africa Foundation, Feeding America. Damon is married to Luciana Bozán Barroso, and they have three daughters together, Damon was born in Cambridge, Massachusetts, the second son of Kent Telfer Damon, a stockbroker, and Nancy Carlsson-Paige, an early childhood education professor at Lesley University. His father has English and Scottish ancestry, and his mother is of five-eighths Finnish, Damon and his family moved to Newton for two years. His parents divorced when he was two old, and Damon and his brother returned with their mother to Cambridge, where they lived in a six-family communal house. His brother Kyle is now a sculptor and artist. As a lonely teenager, Damon has said that he felt that he did not belong, due to his mothers by the book approach to child-rearing, he had a hard time defining a self identity. He attended Cambridge Alternative School and then Cambridge Rindge and Latin School, Damon performed as an actor in several high school theater productions. He credited his drama teacher, Gerry Speca, as an important artistic influence, though Ben Affleck, his friend and schoolmate, got the biggest roles. While at Harvard, he wrote a treatment of the screenplay for Good Will Hunting as an exercise for an English class. Damon was a member of the Delphic Club, one of the Universitys select Final Clubs, in 2013, he was awarded the Harvard Arts Medal. Damon received an Academy Award for the screenplay of Good Will Hunting in 1998, which was handed to him by Harvard alumnus Jack Lemmon, Damon entered Harvard in 1988, where he appeared in student theater plays, such as Burn This and A. Later, he made his debut at the age of 18
32.
Colin Hanks
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Colin Hanks is an American actor and documentary film-maker. He is the eldest son of actor Tom Hanks, in the Talking Tom and Friends animated series, he voices Talking Tom. Hanks was born and raised in Sacramento, California, the eldest son of actor Tom Hanks and his first wife, producer and actress Susan Dillingham and his paternal grandmother was of Portuguese descent, while his maternal grandfathers mother is of Austrian Jewish and Polish Jewish descent. His other ancestry is English, Scottish, Irish, and German and his surname was changed to Hanks after his parents married in 1978. He has a sister, Elizabeth, and two younger paternal half-brothers, Chester Marlon Hanks and Truman Theodore Hanks, from his fathers second marriage. Hanks attended Sacramento Country Day School, and then Chapman University and he left without earning a degree. In 1999, Hanks won the role of Alex Whitman in the science-fiction series Roswell, during that time, he acted in the teen comedies Whatever It Takes with Shane West and Get Over It with Ben Foster. Hanks also made an appearance in an episode of The OC and he appeared in part eight of HBO mini-series Band of Brothers as Lt. Henry Jones. In 2002, he starred in his first film as Shaun Brumder in Orange County, alongside Jack Black, the comedy features Hanks trying to get into Stanford University after his guidance counselor mistakenly sends out the wrong transcript. In 2005, he appeared in the remake of King Kong, playing the assistant to Jack Blacks character, in 2006, Hanks had a cameo role in Blacks Tenacious D in The Pick of Destiny, playing a drunken fraternity brother. He starred in the romantic comedy The House Bunny, playing Oliver, a manager of a nursing home. In 2008, he appeared in The Great Buck Howard, which was produced by his father and he also played Father Gill, a young Roman Catholic priest, in season 2 of the TV show Mad Men. In 2009, he made his Broadway debut, acting alongside Jane Fonda in the Moisés Kaufman play 33 Variations. In 2009, Hanks began work as director on All Things Must Pass, a documentary about Tower Records, Hanks starred in the 2010 Fox TV series The Good Guys as young detective Jack Bailey, alongside Bradley Whitford who played an old school detective. In 2011, he starred in the indie film Lucky, alongside Ari Graynor, Ann-Margret and he also joined the cast of Dexter for season six opposite Edward James Olmos, where he portrays an art historian Travis Marshall who is involved in a murderous apocalyptic cult. In 2013, he starred as Allison in the season of the web series Burning Love. That same year he also portrayed Dr. Malcolm Perry in the historical film Parkland, in 2014, he played Officer Gus Grimly in the FX television series Fargo, for which he received Critics Choice Television Award and Primetime Emmy Award nominations. In 2015, Hanks was in the show Talking Tom and Friends and he plays as Talking Tom, the main character and that what he is known for
33.
Chris Klein (actor)
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Frederick Christopher Chris Klein is an American actor who is best known for playing Chris Oz Ostreicher in the American Pie comedy teen films. Klein was raised in Brookfield, Illinois and he is of German, Irish, and English descent. His mother, Terese, is a teacher, and his father. Klein was the second of three children and his older sister, Debbie, was born in 1978 and his younger brother, Timothy, was born in 1982. As a child, Klein had his first on stage experience by singing This Little Light of Mine in a community theater at the Sheraton Convention Center in Chicago and he lived in the town for thirteen years before his family moved to Omaha, Nebraska. At Millard West High School in Omaha, Klein acted in his high performance of West Side Story, played cornerback and linebacker for the football team. In his senior year, Klein was offered his first professional acting job by director Alexander Payne and he attended Texas Christian University in Fort Worth, Texas. After auditioning for Election, Payne chose Klein and they began filming, the film was released in April 1999 to positive reviews. Soon after, Klein found an amount of work in the film industry while briefly attending TCU. He was next seen in American Pie, acting as Christopher Russell Ostreicher, which opened on July 9,1999, the following year Klein starred in Here on Earth alongside LeeLee Sobieski and Josh Hartnett. Klein reprised his American Pie role in American Pie 2 and American Reunion, in 2002, Klein had a role in the Mel Gibson Vietnam War film We Were Soldiers. Klein starred in the 2002 remake of the film Rollerball, Klein has also appeared in several teen movies, including Just Friends, American Dreamz. In 2014, Klein was cast as an American pilot in the Damien Lay film The Uberkanone and he co-starred in the 2014 comedy indie film Authors Anonymous with Kaley Cuoco. In January 2000, Klein and actress Katie Holmes began dating, the couple became engaged around Christmas of 2003. The couple called off the engagement and ended their relationship in March 2005, Klein met Laina Rose Thyfault, a travel agent, in 2011 at a mutual friends wedding. They got engaged in December 2014 after three years of dating and married eight months later on August 9,2015 in Montana, in March 2016, Klein announced in a tweet that he and his wife were expecting their first child together. His son, Frederick Easton Klein, was born on July 23,2016, Klein was arrested for drunk driving on February 5,2005 in San Diego County. And again in Los Angeles, California on June 16,2010, on June 21,2010, it was announced that Klein had checked into the Cirque Lodge to begin a 30-day alcohol addiction program
34.
Casey Affleck
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Caleb Casey McGuire Affleck-Boldt is an American actor and director. He began his career as a actor, appearing in the PBS television movie Lemon Sky. He later appeared in three Gus Van Sant films – To Die For, Good Will Hunting, and Gerry – and in Steven Soderberghs comedy heist trilogy Oceans Eleven, Oceans Twelve and his first leading role was in Steve Buscemis independent comedy-drama Lonesome Jim. In 2010, he directed the mockumentary Im Still Here, the film features his brother-in-law Joaquin Phoenix, and starred as a serial killer in The Killer Inside Me. He then appeared as an outlaw in Aint Them Bodies Saints, in 2016, Affleck appeared in the crime thriller Triple 9, the disaster drama The Finest Hours, and the drama Manchester by the Sea. For his performance as a man in the latter, he won the Golden Globe, BAFTA. Caleb Casey McGuire Affleck was born on August 12,1975 in Falmouth, Massachusetts, to Christopher Anne Chris, the surname Affleck is of Scottish origin. He also has English, Irish, German, and Swiss ancestry and his mother was a Radcliffe College– and Harvard–educated elementary school teacher. His father worked sporadically as a mechanic, a carpenter, a bookie, an electrician, a bartender. In the mid-1960s, he had been a manager, director, writer. During Afflecks childhood, his father was a disaster of a drinker, following his parents divorce when he was nine, Affleck and his older brother, Ben, lived with their mother and visited their father weekly. His first experience of acting was reenacting what was happening at home during role play exercises at Alateen meetings and he learned to speak Spanish during a year spent travelling around Mexico with his mother and brother when he was ten. The two siblings spent all of our time together, pretty much, obviously at school we were in different grades, but we had the same friends. When Affleck was 14, his father moved to Indio, California to enter a rehabilitation facility, Affleck reconnected with his father during visits to California as a teenager, I got to know him, really, because he was sober for the first time. The man I knew before that was just completely different, the brothers sometimes appeared in local weather commercials and as movie extras because of their mothers friendship with a local casting director. Affleck acted in high school theater productions while a student at Cambridge Rindge. He has said he wouldn’t be an actor if not for his high school theater teacher Gerry Speca, He kind of turned me on to acting, why it can be fun, how it can be rewarding. At the age of eighteen, Affleck moved to Los Angeles for a year to pursue an acting career and he soon transferred to Columbia University in New York City, where he followed the core curriculum for a total of two years
35.
Freddie Prinze Jr.
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Freddie James Prinze Jr. is an American actor. He starred in films, such as I Know What You Did Last Summer, I Still Know What You Did Last Summer, Shes All That, Scooby-Doo. He is currently the voice of Kanan Jarrus in the Disney XD series Star Wars Rebels and he is the husband of Sarah Michelle Gellar and worked for WWE as a producer and director. Prinze was born in Los Angeles, California and he is the only child of actor-comedian Freddie Prinze and real estate agent Katherine Elaine Barber. On January 29,1977, Prinzes father died due to a gunshot wound. Prinze grew up in Albuquerque, New Mexico and he was raised Roman Catholic, embraces his Hispanic heritage, and speaks Spanish. After graduating from school in 1994, Prinze moved to Los Angeles to audition for television roles. Prinze was cast in a guest role on the ABC TV series Family Matters in 1995 and he then appeared in a few programs and made-for-TV movies, before making his motion picture debut in To Gillian on Her 37th Birthday in 1996. In subsequent years, Prinze experienced success with appearances in youth-oriented movies, I Know What You Did Last Summer and its sequel, I Still Know What You Did Last Summer, made him well-known among teenage audiences. In his first leading role, the romantic comedy Shes All That, the film grossed $63 million in the United States. He guest starred on the popular NBC show, Friends, as a male nanny named Sandy on the series 200th episode. He also appeared as Donny Crane, a character believed to be Denny Cranes son in the ABC legal drama-comedy Boston Legal, Prinze starred in his own television sitcom, titled Freddie. The sitcom is said to some actual events from his life. He guest starred on George Lopez for a crossover with Freddie, in 2004, Prinze accepted a special award from TV Land on behalf of his late father. He thanked his fathers former co-star, Della Reese, for her continued advice, in 2006, he lent his voice to the character of Pi in the computer-animated film Shark Bait. Also in 2007, he lent his voice to the character of Rick in Happily NEver After along with his wife Gellar, Wallace Shawn, Andy Dick, George Carlin, and Sigourney Weaver. In 2008, he auditioned for Jigsaw in Punisher, War Zone and he later voice titular character in animation movie Delgo. In 2010, Prinze guest starred on Psych as Dennis, a school friend of Shawn Spencer
36.
Summer Phoenix
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Summer Joy Phoenix is an American actress, model and designer. She is the youngest sibling of Rain Phoenix, Joaquin Phoenix, Liberty Phoenix, Phoenix was born in Winter Park, Florida. Her mother, Arlyn Sharon, was born in The Bronx, New York, to Jewish parents from Hungary and her father, John Lee Bottom, was a lapsed Catholic from Fontana, California. In 1968, Phoenixs mother left The Bronx and moved to California and they married in 1969 and joined the religious cult the Children of God, working as missionaries and fruit pickers in South America. Phoenix has four siblings, two brothers, actors Joaquin and the late River, and two sisters, Rain and Liberty and she attended New York Universitys Tisch School of the Arts, but left before graduating to pursue a career in film. Phoenix was an actor, working with agent Iris Burton along with her brothers and sister at the age of two, and went on to have guest roles in Murder She Wrote, Growing Pains. She appeared in the TV movie Kates Secret and in Russkies, Phoenix later appeared in Wasted, The Laramie Project, SLC Punk. Dinner Rush, The Believer, and The Faculty and she played leads in Esther Kahn and Suzie Gold. In 2002, Phoenix starred in a run of This is Our Youth at the Garrick Theatre alongside Matt Damon. She was a member of the rock band The Causey Way with her sister Rain and she later made guest appearances on albums by Rains band, the Papercranes. She is a supporter of several environmental and animal rights causes and charities. She became engaged to Casey Affleck on December 25,2003, Phoenix and Affleck married on June 3,2006 in Savannah, Georgia, and had a second son, Atticus, on January 12,2008. In March 2016, Affleck and Phoenix announced they were separating, in 2003, she and friends Odessa Whitmire and Ruby Canner opened the vintage clothing boutique Some Odd Rubies on Manhattans Lower East Side. Summer Phoenix at the Internet Movie Database Some Odd Rubies
37.
Alison Lohman
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Alison Marion Lohman is an American actress. She has also been on television such as Tucker and Pasadena. Lohman was born and raised in Palm Springs, California, the daughter of Diane, an owner, and Gary Lohman. She has one brother, Robert. She has two cats, Monk and Clint. In high school she had straight As in all her subjects, except in drama. At age nine, she played Gretl in The Sound of Music at the Palm Deserts McCallum Theater, two years later, she won the Desert Theater Leagues award for Most Outstanding Actress in a Musical for the title role in Annie. By the age of 17, Lohman had appeared in 12 different major productions and had been a singer for the likes of Frank Sinatra, Bob Hope. As a senior, Lohman was an awardee of the National Foundation for Advancement in the Arts and was offered the chance to attend the Tisch School of the Arts, in 1997, after graduating from high school, Lohman moved to Los Angeles to pursue a screen acting career. For the next few years, her work consisted of science fiction B-movies, also included was the dark urban drama White Boy. Lohman starred in White Oleander, an adaptation of Janet Fitch’s novel, alongside Michelle Pfeiffer, Robin Wright Penn and Renée Zellweger and directed by Peter Kosminsky. Though the film was unsuccessful at the box office, it received reviews and her performance met with wide critical acclaim. The following year, Lohman appeared in Matchstick Men, directed by Ridley Scott, starring with Nicolas Cage, and though it was not a box office success either, Lohman continued to receive critical praise. Later that year, she appeared in Tim Burton’s Big Fish, in 2005, Lohman appeared in Atom Egoyans Where the Truth Lies. The film originally received an NC-17 rating for its sexual content. Some critics felt that she was well-suited for the role and her next feature, The Big White, featured her alongside actors Robin Williams, Holly Hunter and Tim Blake Nelson, but nevertheless went direct-to-video. In the same year, Lohman voiced the character in the English language re-dubbing of Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind. Lohmans next film was the drama Flicka, which was released on October 20,2006, at the age of 25, she played a 16-year-old girl who befriends a wild mustang in the film. Lohman had never ridden a horse prior to filming and trained rigorously for a month and she said that she was constantly thrown emotionally and physically while working with the horses for this role
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