A tidal island is a raised area of land within a waterbody, which is connected to the larger mainland by a natural isthmus or man-made causeway that is exposed at low tide and submerged at high tide, causing the land to switch between being a promontory/peninsula and an island depending on tidal conditions.
St Michael's Mount, Cornwall, at high tide, c. 1900
Cramond Island, Scotland, at high tide: the causeway is submerged, but the anti-boat pylons are still visible
Mont Saint-Michel in Normandy
Rough Island opposite Rockcliffe, Dumfries & Galloway, Scotland
A peninsula is a landform that extends from a mainland and is surrounded by water on most sides. Peninsulas exist on all continents. The largest peninsula in the world is the Arabian Peninsula.
Floridian Peninsula
Scandinavian Peninsula
Arabian Peninsula
Antarctic Peninsula