1.
Michigan
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Michigan /ˈmɪʃᵻɡən/ is a state in the Great Lakes and Midwestern regions of the United States. The name Michigan is the French form of the Ojibwa word mishigamaa, Michigan is the tenth most populous of the 50 United States, with the 11th most extensive total area. Its capital is Lansing, and its largest city is Detroit, Michigan is the only state to consist of two peninsulas. The Lower Peninsula, to which the name Michigan was originally applied, is noted to be shaped like a mitten. The Upper Peninsula is separated from the Lower Peninsula by the Straits of Mackinac, the two peninsulas are connected by the Mackinac Bridge. The state has the longest freshwater coastline of any political subdivision in the world, being bounded by four of the five Great Lakes, as a result, it is one of the leading U. S. states for recreational boating. Michigan also has 64,980 inland lakes and ponds, a person in the state is never more than six miles from a natural water source or more than 85 miles from a Great Lakes shoreline. What is now the state of Michigan was first settled by Native American tribes before being colonized by French explorers in the 17th century, the area was organized as part of the larger Northwest Territory until 1800, when western Michigan became part of the Indiana Territory. Eventually, in 1805, the Michigan Territory was formed, which lasted until it was admitted into the Union on January 26,1837, the state of Michigan soon became an important center of industry and trade in the Great Lakes region and a popular immigrant destination. Though Michigan has come to develop an economy, it is widely known as the center of the U. S. automotive industry. When the first European explorers arrived, the most populous tribes were Algonquian peoples, which include the Anishinaabe groups of Ojibwe, Odaawaa/Odawa, the three nations co-existed peacefully as part of a loose confederation called the Council of Three Fires. The Ojibwe, whose numbers are estimated to have been between 25,000 and 35,000, were the largest, French voyageurs and coureurs des bois explored and settled in Michigan in the 17th century. The first Europeans to reach what became Michigan were those of Étienne Brûlés expedition in 1622, the first permanent European settlement was founded in 1668 on the site where Père Jacques Marquette established Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan as a base for Catholic missions, missionaries in 1671–75 founded outlying stations at Saint Ignace and Marquette. Jesuit missionaries were received by the areas Indian populations, with relatively few difficulties or hostilities. In 1679, Robert Cavelier, Sieur de la Salle built Fort Miami at present-day St. Joseph, in 1691, the French established a trading post and Fort St. Joseph along the St. Joseph River at the present day city of Niles. The hundred soldiers and workers who accompanied Cadillac built a fort enclosing one arpent, cadillacs wife, Marie Thérèse Guyon, soon moved to Detroit, becoming one of the first European women to settle in the Michigan wilderness. The town quickly became a major fur-trading and shipping post, the Église de Saint-Anne was founded the same year
2.
Michigan's 7th congressional district
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Michigans 7th congressional district is a United States congressional district in Southern Michigan. From 2003 to 2013 it consisted of all of Branch, Eaton, Hillsdale, Jackson, and Lenawee counties, and included most of Calhoun, the district shifted east in the 2012 redistricting, and now includes the western suburbs of Ann Arbor and Monroe County. In the November 2,2010 midterm elections, Republican Tim Walberg defeated Mark Schauer, adrian Charlotte Coldwater Hillsdale Jackson Lansing Monroe Saline Tecumseh The 7th Congressional district was formed in 1872 covering the Thumb of Michigan. It had Tuscola, Huron, Sanilac, Lapeer, St. Clair, in 1882 Tuscola County was removed from the district but everything else remained the same. In 1892 Grosse Point and Hamtramck Townships, the one today mainly within the city boundaries of Detroit were moved into the 7th District. In 1912 Tuscola county was put back in the 7th district and it was definitely deprived of these areas by 1932. In 1964 the 7th district experienced its most drastic redistricting yet, only Lapeer County was retained from the old district while Genesee County was added. In 1972 the district was again, losing Lapeer County as well as a few outlying parts of Genesee County. In 1982 most of Lapeer county was put back in the 7th district, the northern tier of townships in Genesee County were moved to the 8th district. Burns Township in Shiawasee County and all the tier of townships in Oakland County with the exception of Brandon Township were also put in the district. After 1992 this old 7th district constituted a part of the new 9th district. The current 7th has no connection with the seventh congressional district. If populations and not just areas are considered, it is primarily an heir of the previous 3rd district, most of the area came from the old 2nd district, and some of John Dingells old 16th district was also included. All of Eaton and Calhoun Counties were preserved from the 3rd to the 7th district, half of the area of Barry County that had been in the old 3rd was retained. From the old 4th was drawn most of Branch County, the rest of Branch County and Hillsdale County, the south-western portion of Washtenaw County and western Lenawee County and most of Jackson County were taken from the old 2nd district. Even though most of the area of the old second was put in the new 7th, most of its population was moved into the 13th, From Ann Arbor to Plymouth, Livonia and Northville. The portion of Lenawee County that had been in the 16th was absorbed, and a part of the Washtenaw County area of the 15th district. Thus the new 7th district incorporated areas from six old districts, the 2002 redistricting is best seen as a shift from the 3rd district to the 2nd district legacy
3.
Chicago
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Chicago, officially the City of Chicago, is the third-most populous city in the United States. With over 2.7 million residents, it is the most populous city in the state of Illinois, and it is the county seat of Cook County. In 2012, Chicago was listed as a global city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network. Chicago has the third-largest gross metropolitan product in the United States—about $640 billion according to 2015 estimates, the city has one of the worlds largest and most diversified economies with no single industry employing more than 14% of the workforce. In 2016, Chicago hosted over 54 million domestic and international visitors, landmarks in the city include Millennium Park, Navy Pier, the Magnificent Mile, Art Institute of Chicago, Museum Campus, the Willis Tower, Museum of Science and Industry, and Lincoln Park Zoo. Chicagos culture includes the arts, novels, film, theater, especially improvisational comedy. Chicago also has sports teams in each of the major professional leagues. The city has many nicknames, the best-known being the Windy City, the name Chicago is derived from a French rendering of the Native American word shikaakwa, known to botanists as Allium tricoccum, from the Miami-Illinois language. The first known reference to the site of the current city of Chicago as Checagou was by Robert de LaSalle around 1679 in a memoir, henri Joutel, in his journal of 1688, noted that the wild garlic, called chicagoua, grew abundantly in the area. In the mid-18th century, the area was inhabited by a Native American tribe known as the Potawatomi, the first known non-indigenous permanent settler in Chicago was Jean Baptiste Point du Sable. Du Sable was of African and French descent and arrived in the 1780s and he is commonly known as the Founder of Chicago. In 1803, the United States Army built Fort Dearborn, which was destroyed in 1812 in the Battle of Fort Dearborn, the Ottawa, Ojibwe, and Potawatomi tribes had ceded additional land to the United States in the 1816 Treaty of St. Louis. The Potawatomi were forcibly removed from their land after the Treaty of Chicago in 1833, on August 12,1833, the Town of Chicago was organized with a population of about 200. Within seven years it grew to more than 4,000 people, on June 15,1835, the first public land sales began with Edmund Dick Taylor as U. S. The City of Chicago was incorporated on Saturday, March 4,1837, as the site of the Chicago Portage, the city became an important transportation hub between the eastern and western United States. Chicagos first railway, Galena and Chicago Union Railroad, and the Illinois, the canal allowed steamboats and sailing ships on the Great Lakes to connect to the Mississippi River. A flourishing economy brought residents from rural communities and immigrants from abroad, manufacturing and retail and finance sectors became dominant, influencing the American economy. The Chicago Board of Trade listed the first ever standardized exchange traded forward contracts and these issues also helped propel another Illinoisan, Abraham Lincoln, to the national stage
4.
Illinois
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Illinois is a state in the midwestern region of the United States, achieving statehood in 1818. It is the 6th most populous state and 25th largest state in terms of land area, the word Illinois comes from a French rendering of a native Algonquin word. For decades, OHare International Airport has been ranked as one of the worlds busiest airports, Illinois has long had a reputation as a bellwether both in social and cultural terms and politics. With the War of 1812 Illinois growth slowed as both Native Americans and Canadian forces often raided the American Frontier, mineral finds and timber stands also had spurred immigration—by the 1810s, the Eastern U. S. Railroads arose and matured in the 1840s, and soon carried immigrants to new homes in Illinois, as well as being a resource to ship their commodity crops out to markets. Railroads freed most of the land of Illinois and other states from the tyranny of water transport. By 1900, the growth of jobs in the northern cities and coal mining in the central and southern areas attracted a new group of immigrants. Illinois was an important manufacturing center during both world wars, the Great Migration from the South established a large community of African Americans in Chicago, who created the citys famous jazz and blues cultures. Three U. S. presidents have been elected while living in Illinois, Abraham Lincoln, Ulysses S. Grant, additionally, Ronald Reagan, whose political career was based in California, was the only U. S. president born and raised in Illinois. Today, Illinois honors Lincoln with its official slogan, Land of Lincoln. The Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum is located in the capital of Springfield. Illinois is the spelling for the early French Catholic missionaries and explorers name for the Illinois Native Americans. American scholars previously thought the name Illinois meant man or men in the Miami-Illinois language and this etymology is not supported by the Illinois language, as the word for man is ireniwa and plural men is ireniwaki. The name Illiniwek has also said to mean tribe of superior men. The name Illinois derives from the Miami-Illinois verb irenwe·wa he speaks the regular way and this was taken into the Ojibwe language, perhaps in the Ottawa dialect, and modified into ilinwe·. The French borrowed these forms, changing the ending to spell it as -ois. The current spelling form, Illinois, began to appear in the early 1670s, the Illinois name for themselves, as attested in all three of the French missionary-period dictionaries of Illinois, was Inoka, of unknown meaning and unrelated to the other terms. American Indians of successive cultures lived along the waterways of the Illinois area for thousands of years before the arrival of Europeans, the Koster Site has been excavated and demonstrates 7,000 years of continuous habitation
5.
Republican Party (United States)
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The Republican Party, commonly referred to as the GOP, is one of the two major contemporary political parties in the United States, the other being its historic rival, the Democratic Party. The party is named after republicanism, the dominant value during the American Revolution and it was founded by anti-slavery activists, modernists, ex-Whigs, and ex-Free Soilers in 1854. The Republicans dominated politics nationally and in the majority of northern States for most of the period between 1860 and 1932, there have been 19 Republican presidents, the most from any one party. The Republican Partys current ideology is American conservatism, which contrasts with the Democrats more progressive platform, further, its platform involves support for free market capitalism, free enterprise, fiscal conservatism, a strong national defense, deregulation, and restrictions on labor unions. In addition to advocating for economic policies, the Republican Party is socially conservative. As of 2017, the GOP is documented as being at its strongest position politically since 1928, in addition to holding the Presidency, the Republicans control the 115th United States Congress, having majorities in both the House of Representatives and the Senate. The party also holds a majority of governorships and state legislatures, the main cause was opposition to the Kansas–Nebraska Act, which repealed the Missouri Compromise by which slavery was kept out of Kansas. The Northern Republicans saw the expansion of slavery as a great evil, the first public meeting of the general anti-Nebraska movement where the name Republican was suggested for a new anti-slavery party was held on March 20,1854, in a schoolhouse in Ripon, Wisconsin. The name was chosen to pay homage to Thomas Jeffersons Republican Party. The first official party convention was held on July 6,1854, in Jackson and it oversaw the preserving of the union, the end of slavery, and the provision of equal rights to all men in the American Civil War and Reconstruction, 1861–1877. The Republicans initial base was in the Northeast and the upper Midwest, with the realignment of parties and voters in the Third Party System, the strong run of John C. Fremont in the 1856 United States presidential election demonstrated it dominated most northern states, early Republican ideology was reflected in the 1856 slogan free labor, free land, free men, which had been coined by Salmon P. Chase, a Senator from Ohio. Free labor referred to the Republican opposition to labor and belief in independent artisans. Free land referred to Republican opposition to the system whereby slaveowners could buy up all the good farm land. The Party strove to contain the expansion of slavery, which would cause the collapse of the slave power, Lincoln, representing the fast-growing western states, won the Republican nomination in 1860 and subsequently won the presidency. The party took on the mission of preserving the Union, and destroying slavery during the American Civil War, in the election of 1864, it united with War Democrats to nominate Lincoln on the National Union Party ticket. The partys success created factionalism within the party in the 1870s and those who felt that Reconstruction had been accomplished and was continued mostly to promote the large-scale corruption tolerated by President Ulysses S. Grant ran Horace Greeley for the presidency. The Stalwarts defended Grant and the system, the Half-Breeds led by Chester A. Arthur pushed for reform of the civil service in 1883
6.
Taylor University
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Taylor University is a private, interdenominational, evangelical Christian college in Upland, Indiana, United States. Founded in 1846, it is one of Americas oldest evangelical Christian colleges, Taylor University has been ranked first in U. S. News and World Report’s guide to America’s Best Colleges among 109 Midwest Regional Colleges since 2007. It is in a comprehensive ten-year capital building initiative having built five new facilities in as many years, and it is named after Bishop William Taylor. The university sits on an approximately 950 acres campus on the side of Upland. It also preserves a 680 acres arboretum and an additional 668 acres of undeveloped land northeast of campus which have 80 acres more of arboretum space, Taylor University has 1,910 undergraduate students,108 graduate students, and 524 distance learning students. The student body hails from 46 states and 43 foreign countries, Taylor is a member of NAIA with 15 mens and womens sports teams. Being a Christian institution, academics and programs at Taylor are biblically anchored and centered on Christ, with a focus on the integration of faith, adhering to a strict statement of faith and community lifestyle covenant, the university seeks to project the Gospel. The university has a focus on global engagement and servant leadership. The university takes a pride in its heritage and traditions, and invests heavily in fostering a community for its faculty, staff, alumni, students. The university holds chapel worship services three times a week during the year which community members are expected to attend. Lowell Haines is the universitys thirty-first and current president, Taylor University was originally established as Fort Wayne Female College in Fort Wayne, Indiana, in 1846. Fort Wayne Female College was founded by the Methodist Church as an all-female school, Fort Wayne Female College started admitting men coeducationally in 1850 and changed its name to Fort Wayne College. Upon completing this acquisition, Fort Wayne College changed its name to Taylor University in honor of Bishop William Taylor, the original Taylor University campus was on College Street in Fort Wayne. A guest-preaching engagement in 1882 in the Upland Methodist Church afforded Taylor University president Thaddeus Reade the chance to meet the minister of Upland Methodist Church, Rev. John C. White. Because the school was having difficulties at its location in Fort Wayne, White. In the summer of 1893, Taylor University relocated to Upland, White was able to find the resources to support Taylor University because of the recent discovery of large deposits of natural gas in the area. In 1915, Taylor paid seven thousand dollars to purchase 70 acres more from Charles H. the university added another 80 acres to its present location in the early 1920s when the Lewis Jones farm was purchased. In 1992, ninety-nine years after moving to Upland, Taylor University acquired Summit Christian College, Summit Christian College was previously named Fort Wayne Bible College and Fort Wayne Bible Institute
7.
Wheaton College (Illinois)
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Wheaton College is a Christian, residential liberal arts college and graduate school located in Wheaton, Illinois, a suburb 25 miles west of Chicago. The Protestant college was founded by abolitionists in 1860. Wheaton College was a stop on the Underground Railroad and graduated Illinois first African-American college graduate, Wheaton is included in Loren Popes influential book Colleges That Change Lives. Wheaton College was ranked 8th in Best Undergraduate Teaching by the U. S. News & World Report for national liberal arts colleges in 2016, the school was ranked 57th overall among national liberal arts colleges by U. S. News & World Report for 2016. Forbes lists Wheaton among the Top 100 Colleges and Universities in its 2015 rankings, Wheaton College was founded in 1860. Its predecessor, the Illinois Institute, had founded in late 1853 by Wesleyan Methodists as a college. Wheatons first president, Jonathan Blanchard, was a president of Knox College in Galesburg, Illinois. Mired in financial trouble and unable to sustain the institution, the Wesleyans looked to Blanchard for new leadership and he took on the role as president in 1860, having suggested several Congregationalist appointees to the board of trustees the previous year. The Wesleyans, similar in spirit and mission to the Congregationalists, were happy to relinquish control of the Illinois Institute, a dogged reformer, Blanchard began his public campaign for abolitionism with the American Anti-Slavery Society in 1836, at the age of twenty-five. Later in his life, after the Civil War, he began a campaign against Freemasonry. This culminated in a presidential campaign on the American Anti-Masonic Party ticket in 1884. Under Blanchards leadership, the college was a stop on the Underground Railroad, Blanchard consistently lobbied for universal co-education and was a strong proponent of reform through strong public education open to all. At this time, Wheaton was the school in Illinois with a college-level womens program. Also, Wheaton saw its first graduate of color in 1866, additionally, he is the first African-American college graduate in the state of Illinois. In 1882, Charles A. Blanchard succeeded his father as president of the college, in 1925, J. Oliver Buswell, an outspoken Presbyterian, delivered a series of lectures at Wheaton College. Shortly thereafter, President Charles Blanchard died and Buswell was called to be the president of Wheaton. Upon his installation in April 1926, he became the nations youngest college president at age 31, buswells tenure was characterized by expanding enrollment, a building program, strong academic development, and a boom in the institutions reputation. It was also known for growing divisiveness over faculty scholarship and personality clashes, in 1940, this tension led to the firing of Buswell for being, as two historians of the college put it, too argumentative in temperament and too intellectual in his approach to Christianity
8.
Chris Van Hollen
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Christopher Chris Van Hollen, Jr. is the junior United States Senator from Maryland, serving since January 3,2017. From 2003-17, he served as the U. S, representative for Marylands 8th congressional district. He is a member of the Democratic Party, in 2006 Van Hollen became the chair of the Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee. In this post, Van Hollen was responsible for leading efforts to defend vulnerable Democrats and get more Democrats elected to Congress in 2008, which he did. House Speaker Nancy Pelosi created a new leadership post, Assistant to the Speaker, Van Hollen was elected ranking member on the Budget Committee on November 17,2010. Pelosi appointed him to the 12-member bipartisan Committee on Deficit Reduction with a mandate for finding major budget reductions by late 2011, on October 17,2013 Pelosi appointed Van Hollen to serve on the bicameral conference committee. Van Hollen ran for the United States Senate in 2016 to replace retiring Senator Barbara Mikulski, Van Hollen serves as Chair of the Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee for the 2018 cycle. Van Hollen was born in Karachi, Pakistan, the eldest of three children of American parents, Edith Eliza and Christopher Van Hollen and he spent parts of his early life in Pakistan, Turkey, India, and Sri Lanka. He returned to the United States for his year of high school, and attended Middlesex School in Concord, Massachusetts. He is an alumnus of the Kodaikanal International School in southern India, in 1982, Van Hollen graduated from Swarthmore College with a Bachelor of Arts degree in philosophy. He continued his studies at Harvard University, where he earned a Master of Public Policy degree, concentrating in national security studies and he earned a Juris Doctor from the Georgetown University Law Center in 1990. Van Hollen worked as an assistant for defense and foreign policy to U. S. Senator Charles Mathias, a Republican from Maryland, from 1985 to 1987 and he was also a staff member of the U. S. Senate Committee on Foreign Relations, and a legislative advisor for federal affairs to Maryland Governor William Donald Schaefer. He was admitted to the Maryland bar in 1990, and joined the law firm of Arent Fox, Van Hollen served in the Maryland General Assembly from 1991 to 2003, first in the House of Delegates and then in the State Senate. In the Senate, he served on the Budget and Taxation Committee and he led successful efforts to raise the tobacco tax, prohibit oil drilling in the Chesapeake Bay, mandate trigger locks for guns, and increase funding for education and healthcare. In 2002, The Washington Post called Van Hollen one of the most accomplished members of the General Assembly, Marylands 8th District hugs the northern border of Washington, D. C. and is one of the wealthiest and most educated congressional districts in the nation. The federal government is the single largest employer in the district, in 2003, he was named Outstanding New Member of the Year by the Committee for Education Funding, the nations largest and oldest non-partisan education coalition. He introduced an amendment, which passed, that repealed a 9.5 percent loophole in student loans that had allowed lenders to pocket billions of taxpayer dollars, now, that money is available for additional student loans
9.
Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act
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The Affordable Care Act was designed to increase health insurance quality and affordability, lower the uninsured rate by expanding insurance coverage and reduce the costs of healthcare. It introduced mechanisms including mandates, subsidies and insurance exchanges, the law requires insurers to accept all applicants, cover a specific list of conditions and charge the same rates regardless of pre-existing conditions or sex. The ACA has caused a significant reduction in the number and percentage of people without health insurance, increases in overall healthcare spending have slowed since the law was implemented, including premiums for employer-based insurance plans. The Congressional Budget Office reported in studies that the ACA would reduce the budget deficit. As implementation began, first opponents, then others, and finally the president himself adopted the term Obamacare to refer to the ACA. The law and its implementation faced challenges in Congress and federal courts, and from state governments, conservative advocacy groups, labor unions. The ACA includes provisions to take effect between 2010 and 2020, although most took effect on January 1,2014, few areas of the US health care system were left untouched, making it the most sweeping health care reform since the enactment of Medicare and Medicaid in 1965. However, some areas were more affected than others, most of the coverage gains were made through the expansion of Medicaid, and the biggest cost savings were made in Medicare. Some regulations applied to the market, and the law also made delivery system changes that affected most of the health care system. Not all provisions took full effect, some were made discretionary, some were deferred, and others were repealed before implementation. Guaranteed issue prohibits insurers from denying coverage to individuals due to pre-existing conditions, States were required to ensure the availability of insurance for individual children who did not have coverage via their families. The law provides a 5% income disregard, making the income eligibility limit for Medicaid 138% of the poverty level. The State Childrens Health Insurance Program enrollment process was simplified, among the groups who remained uninsured were, Illegal immigrants, estimated at around 8 million—or roughly a third of the 23 million projection—are ineligible for insurance subsidies and Medicaid. They remain eligible for emergency services, eligible citizens not enrolled in Medicaid. Citizens who pay the penalty instead of purchasing insurance, mostly younger. Citizens whose insurance coverage would cost more than 8% of household income and are exempt from the penalty, citizens who live in states that opt out of the Medicaid expansion and who qualify for neither existing Medicaid coverage nor subsidized coverage through the states new insurance exchanges. Households with incomes between 100% and 400% of the poverty level were eligible to receive federal subsidies for policies purchased via an exchange. Subsidies are provided as an advanceable, refundable tax credits, additionally, small businesses are eligible for a tax credit provided that they enroll in the SHOP Marketplace
10.
Tecumseh, Michigan
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Tecumseh is a small city in Lenawee County, Michigan, United States. It is situated where M-50 crosses the River Raisin, a few miles east of M-52, Tecumseh is about 60 miles southwest of Detroit,25 miles south of Ann Arbor and 40 miles north of Toledo, Ohio. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 8,521, the city is surrounded on three sides by Tecumseh Township, but is politically independent. Raisin Township borders the edge of the city. The city was rated #93 in 2009, as one of 100 of the best small towns to live in by CNNMoney, the boundaries of Lenawee County were laid out by a proclamation of the Territorial Governor, Lewis Cass on September 10,1822. Lenawee remained attached to Monroe County, out of which it was formed, until an act of the Territorial Legislature passed on December 26,1826, the first settlement in the county was made two years earlier, on May 21,1824, in Tecumseh. The settlers, consisting of fifteen men, eleven women, and six children, all came from Jefferson County, in 1823, Musgrove Evans had located the land and persuaded General Joseph W. Brown and the others to move to the site. Brown and Evans, along with Austin Eli Wing purchased land there and these founders appealed to Governor Cass to locate the county seat of Lenawee at Tecumseh. This was accomplished by an act of the Territorial Legislature on June 30,1824, even though county government would not be organized for another year, the city was named after the Shawnee chief Tecumseh. Tecumseh remained the county seat until 1838, when it was transferred to Adrian, the Township of Tecumseh was organized on April 12,1837, initially encompassing the entire northern third of the county. Just to the north of Tecumseh, the village of Bownville was established in 1823 by Austin Wing and it was annexed by Tecumseh in 1838. Tecumseh is located in Southeast Michigan, according to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 5.94 square miles, of which 5.70 square miles is land and 0.24 square miles is water. As of the census of 2010, there were 8,521 people,3,604 households, the population density was 1,494.9 inhabitants per square mile. There were 3,957 housing units at a density of 694.2 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 96. 0% White,0. 4% African American,0. 4% Native American,0. 7% Asian,0. 8% from other races, hispanic or Latino of any race were 4. 4% of the population. 31. 2% of all households were made up of individuals and 14. 1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.35 and the average family size was 2.96. The median age in the city was 39.8 years. 24. 7% of residents were under the age of 18,7. 1% were between the ages of 18 and 24,25. 4% were from 25 to 44,27. 4% were from 45 to 64, and 15. 5% were 65 years of age or older
11.
Chicago Tribune
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The Chicago Tribune is a daily newspaper based in Chicago, Illinois, United States, owned by tronc, Inc. formerly Tribune Publishing. The Tribune was founded by James Kelly, John E. Wheeler, forrest, publishing its first edition on June 10,1847. The paper saw numerous changes in ownership and editorship over the eight years. Initially, the Tribune was not politically affiliated but tended to either the Whig or Free Soil parties against the Democrats in elections. By late 1853, it was frequently running xenophobic editorials that criticized foreigners, about this time it also became a strong proponent of temperance. Ray became editor-in-chief, Medill became the editor, and Alfred Cowles, Sr. brother of Edwin Cowles. Each purchased one third of the Tribune, under their leadership the Tribune distanced itself from the Know Nothings and became the main Chicago organ of the Republican Party. However, the continued to print anti-Catholic and anti-Irish editorials. Between 1858 and 1860, the paper was known as the Chicago Press & Tribune, on October 25,1860, it became the Chicago Daily Tribune. Before and during the American Civil War, the new editors pushed an abolitionist agenda and strongly supported Abraham Lincoln, the paper remained a force in Republican politics for years afterwards. In 1861, the Tribune published new lyrics for the song John Browns Body by William W. Patton, Medill served as mayor of Chicago for one term after the Great Chicago Fire of 1871. Under the 20th-century editorship of Colonel Robert R. Joseph McCarthy, when McCormick assumed the position of co-editor in 1910, the Tribune was the third-best-selling paper among Chicagos eight dailies, with a circulation of only 188,000. At the same time, the Tribune competed with the Hearst paper, by 1914, the cousins succeeded in forcing out Managing Editor William Keeley. By 1918, the Examiner was forced to merge with the Chicago Herald, in 1919, Patterson left the Tribune and moved to New York to launch his own newspaper, the New York Daily News. In a renewed war with Hearsts Herald-Examiner, McCormick and Hearst ran rival lotteries in 1922. The Tribune won the battle, adding 250,000 readers to its ranks, also in 1922, the Chicago Tribune hosted an international design competition for its new headquarters, the Tribune Tower. The competition worked brilliantly as a publicity stunt, and more than 260 entries were received, the winner was a neo-Gothic design by New York architects John Mead Howells and Raymond Hood. The newspaper sponsored an attempt at Arctic aviation in 1929
