Tisha b'Av is an annual ta'anit in Rabbinic Judaism. The day commemorates a number of disasters in Jewish history, above all the destruction of both of the great temples in Jerusalem: Solomon's Temple
The Destruction of the Temple of Jerusalem by Francesco Hayez, 1867
Excavated stones from the Western Wall of the Temple Mount, knocked onto the street below by Roman battering rams in the Siege of Jerusalem in 70 CE
Reading kinnot at the Western Wall
Remembrance of the Destruction, showing women reading the Book of Lamentations, painting by Leopold Pilichowski (1925)
The Edict of Expulsion is a royal decree expelling all Jews from the Kingdom of England that was issued by Edward I on 18 July 1290; it was the first time a European state is known to have permanently
Tisha B'Av
…of other major calamities which have befallen the Jewish people, some kinnot also recall events such as the murder of the Ten Martyrs by the Romans; expulsions from England, Spain, and elsewhere; massacres of numerous medieval Jewish communities by Crusaders; the Holocaust; and the October 7 attacks. According to the…
A contemporary illustration showing the expulsion of the Jews. Image shows the white double tabula that Jews in England were mandated to wear by law.
Extract of the Statute of the Jewry, c. 1275
Letter from King Edward I to the Treasurer and Barons of the Exchequer, dated 5 November 1290
167 and 169 King Street, The Music House, Norwich: one of two surviving Jewish houses dating from before the expulsion. Such properties were forfeit and sold or gifted by the Crown.