1.
Waffle House
–
Waffle House, Inc. is an American restaurant chain with more than 2,100 locations in 25 states in the United States. Most of the locations are in the South, where the chain is a cultural icon. Waffle House is headquartered in a part of Gwinnett County, Georgia. The first Waffle House opened on Labor Day weekend in 1955 at 2719 East College Avenue in Avondale Estates and that restaurant was conceived and founded by Joe Rogers Sr. and Tom Forkner, who both continue to own a majority of the company. Rogers started in the restaurant business as a cook in 1947 at the Toddle House in New Haven. By 1949, he became a manager with the now-defunct Memphis-based Toddle House chain. He met Tom Forkner while buying a house from him in Avondale Estates, rogerss concept was to combine the speed of fast food with table service with around-the-clock availability. He told Forkner. You build a restaurant, and I’ll show you how to run it, Forkner suggested naming it Waffle House, as waffles were the most profitable item on the 16-item menu. The fragile nature of waffles also made the point that it was a dine-in, not a carry-out, restaurant, Rogers continued to work with Toddle House, and to avoid conflict of interest, sold his interest to Forkner in 1956. In 1960, when Rogers asked to buy into Toddle House, shortly after Joe returned full-time, Tom followed suit and left Ben S. Forkner Realty. After opening a restaurant in 1960, the company began franchising its restaurants and slowly grew to 27 stores by the late 1960s. The company is held and does not disclose annual sales figures. The founders limit their involvement in management, and as of 2013, Joe Rogers, Jr. was CEO and retired late 2013, and Bert Thornton is President. In 2007, Waffle House repurchased the original restaurant, which was sold by the chain in the early 1970s and was most recently a Chinese restaurant, the company restored it using original blueprints for use as a private company museum. The museum is used primarily for internal events and tours and is occasionally open to the public. In 2008, one of the biggest Waffle House franchises in the southeast, North Lake Foods, was out by Waffle House. North Lake Foods filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection and closed some stores, Waffle House, Inc. plans to rehabilitate the franchise. In early 2009, East Coast Waffles bought North Lake Foods to become a new franchise, for years, Waffle House was known as Waffle & Steak in Indiana due to another chain of restaurants owning the rights to the Waffle House name in the state
2.
Golf
–
Golf is a club and ball sport in which players use various clubs to hit balls into a series of holes on a course in as few strokes as possible. Golf, unlike most ball games, cannot and does not utilize a standardized playing area, the game is played on a course with an arranged progression of 18 holes. Each hole on the course must contain a tee box to start from, there are other standard forms of terrain in between, such as the fairway, rough, sand traps, and hazards but each hole on a course is unique in its specific layout and arrangement. Stroke play is the most commonly seen format at all levels, while the modern game of golf originated in 15th-century Scotland, the games ancient origins are unclear and much debated. Some historians trace the sport back to the Roman game of paganica, one theory asserts that paganica spread throughout Europe as the Romans conquered most of the continent, during the first century BC, and eventually evolved into the modern game. Others cite chuiwan as the progenitor, a Chinese game played between the eighth and 14th centuries, the game is thought to have been introduced into Europe during the Middle Ages. Another early game that resembled modern golf was known as cambuca in England, the Persian game chaugán is another possible ancient origin. In addition, kolven was played annually in Loenen, Netherlands, beginning in 1297, to commemorate the capture of the assassin of Floris V, a year earlier. The modern game originated in Scotland, where the first written record of golf is James IIs banning of the game in 1457, as an unwelcome distraction to learning archery. James IV lifted the ban in 1502 when he became a golfer himself, with golf clubs first recorded in 1503-1504, to many golfers, the Old Course at St Andrews, a links course dating to before 1574, is considered to be a site of pilgrimage. In 1764, the standard 18-hole golf course was created at St Andrews when members modified the course from 22 to 18 holes. Golf is documented as being played on Musselburgh Links, East Lothian, Scotland as early as 2 March 1672, which is certified as the oldest golf course in the world by Guinness World Records. The oldest surviving rules of golf were compiled in March 1744 for the Company of Gentlemen Golfers, later renamed The Honourable Company of Edinburgh Golfers, Andrews Golf Club in Yonkers, New York. The levels of grass are varied to increase difficulty, or to allow for putting in the case of the green, while many holes are designed with a direct line-of-sight from the teeing area to the green, some holes may bend either to the left or to the right. This is commonly called a dogleg, in reference to a dogs knee, the hole is called a dogleg left if the hole angles leftwards and dogleg right if it bends right. Sometimes, a holes direction may bend twice, this is called a double dogleg, a regular golf course consists of 18 holes, but nine-hole courses are common and can be played twice through for a full round of 18 holes. Early Scottish golf courses were laid out on links land. This gave rise to the golf links, particularly applied to seaside courses
3.
Fort Worth, Texas
–
Fort Worth is the 16th-largest city in the United States and the fifth-largest city in the state of Texas. The city is in North Central Texas and covers nearly 350 square miles in the counties of Denton, Parker, Wise, according to the 2015 census, estimates, Fort Worths population is 833,319. The city is the second-largest in the Dallas–Fort Worth–Arlington metropolitan area, the city was established in 1849 as an Army outpost on a bluff overlooking the Trinity River. Today, Fort Worth still embraces its Western heritage and traditional architecture, USS Fort Worth is the first ship of the United States Navy named after the city. Fort Worth is home to the Van Cliburn International Piano Competition, also of note is the Modern Art Museum of Fort Worth, designed by Tadao Ando. The Amon Carter Museum of American Art, designed by Philip Johnson, the Sid Richardson Museum, redesigned by David M. Schwarz, has one of the most focused collections of Western Art in the U. S. emphasizing Frederic Remington and Charles Russell. The Treaty of Birds Fort between the Republic of Texas and several Native American tribes was signed in 1843 at Birds Fort in present-day Arlington, Texas. Article XI of the treaty provided that no one may pass the line of trading houses without permission of the President of Texas and these trading houses were later established at the junction of the Clear Fork and West Fork of the Trinity River in present-day Fort Worth. At this river junction, the U. S, War Department established Fort Worth in 1849 as the northernmost of a system of 10 forts for protecting the American Frontier following the end of the Mexican–American War. The City of Fort Worth continues to be known as where the West begins, originally 10 forts had been proposed by Major General William Jenkins Worth, who commanded the Department of Texas in 1849. In January 1849, Worth proposed a line of 10 forts to mark the western Texas frontier from Eagle Pass to the confluence of the West Fork, One month later, Worth died from cholera in South Texas. General William S. Harney assumed command of the Department of Texas, Arnold to find a new fort site near the West Fork and Clear Fork. On June 6,1849, Arnold, advised by Middleton Tate Johnson, established a camp on the bank of the Trinity River, in August 1849, Arnold moved the camp to the north-facing bluff, which overlooked the mouth of the Clear Fork of the Trinity River. The United States War Department officially named the post Fort Worth on November 14,1849, E. S. Terrell from Tennessee claimed to be the first resident of Fort Worth. The fort was flooded the first year and moved to the top of the bluff, the fort was abandoned September 17,1853. As a stop on the legendary Chisholm Trail, Fort Worth was stimulated by the business of the cattle drives, millions of head of cattle were driven north to market along this trail. Fort Worth became the center of the drives, and later. It was given the nickname of Cowtown, during Civil War, Fort Worth suffered from shortages of money, food, and supplies
4.
Texas Motor Speedway
–
Texas Motor Speedway is a speedway located in the northernmost portion of the U. S. city of Fort Worth, Texas – the portion located in Denton County, Texas. The track measures 1.5 miles around and is banked 20° in turns 1 and 2, Texas Motor Speedway is a quad-oval design, where the front straightaway juts outward slightly. The track layout is similar to Atlanta Motor Speedway and Charlotte Motor Speedway, the track is owned by Speedway Motorsports, Inc. the same company that owns Atlanta and Charlotte Motor Speedways, as well as the short-track Bristol Motor Speedway. The speedway has been managed since its inception by racing promoter Eddie Gossage, however, as the tracks respective racing surfaces continue to wear, qualifying speeds at Atlanta have become consistently faster than at Texas. Brian Vickers holds the record at TMS. In 2006, he posted a 196.235 mph speed, Elliott Sadler beat the record before Brian, qualifying in the 49/50th spot. Being the last person out on the track, Brian nipped Elliott Sadlers qualifying time, the NASCAR records still fall short of the all-time TMS qualifying record though. Driving a Lola Ford Champ Car, Kenny Brack took pole for the aborted Firestone Firehawk 600, the track was closed with one of the tracks two dates going to both new owners. The North Carolina Speedway in Rockingham, North Carolina was also sold to Smith as a result of the Ferko lawsuit with the one remaining date also being handed over to Texas. The track also hosts two NASCAR Camping World Truck Series races, the Rattlesnake 400 and the Longhorn 350, for a short time during construction in September 1996, the tracks name was changed to Texas International Raceway. SMIs customary track naming convention had planned to have the Motor Speedway as part of the name, however, in August 1996, a small quarter-mile dirt raceway in Alvin, Texas had filed suit to use the name. Between 2001 and 2002, the track, after the reconfiguration in 1998, was repaved because of a hole in turn three, on August 17,2010, a press conference was held and it was announced that TMSs spring race will become a Saturday night event in 2011. The Samsung Mobile 500 was held on Saturday April 9,2011, the same year, the apron of the speedway was repaved. Jeff Burton and Dale Earnhardt, Jr both earned their first Cup win at Texas Motor Speedway. Earnhardts victory was a then-record for fewest races to notch a victory in the era on the Cup circuit, winning in just his 12th start, breaking the record held by his father. (The record has since been broken three times, by Kevin Harvick, Jamie McMurray and Trevor Bayne, on October 13,2000, Tony Roper was racing in the Craftsman Truck Series OReilly 400 at Texas Motor Speedway when he attempted to pass Steve Grissom. However, another truck veered up the racetrack in the tri-oval, forcing Roper to evade, the contact caused Ropers #26 Ford to take a sudden hard-right turn, which then caused the truck to slam head-on into the concrete wall of the tri-oval. Roper died the day as the result of the injuries he sustained from the crash
5.
Fast food
–
Fast food is a type of mass-produced food that is prepared and served very quickly. The food is typically less nutritionally valuable compared to other foods, Fast food restaurants are traditionally distinguished by their ability to serve food via a drive-through. Outlets may be stands or kiosks, which may provide no shelter or seating, franchise operations that are part of restaurant chains have standardized foodstuffs shipped to each restaurant from central locations. Fast food began with the first fish and chip shops in Britain in the 1860s, drive-through restaurants were first popularized in the 1950s in the United States. The term fast food was recognized in a dictionary by Merriam–Webster in 1951, according to the National Institutes of Health, fast foods are quick alternatives to home-cooked meals. They are also high in saturated fat, sugar, salt, Eating too much fast food has been linked to, among other things, colorectal cancer, obesity and high cholesterol. The traditional family dinner is increasingly being replaced by the consumption of takeaway, as a result, the time invested on food preparation is getting lower and lower, with an average couple in the United States spending 47 minutes and 19 seconds per day on food preparation in 2013. The concept of ready-cooked food for sale is closely connected with urban development, homes in emerging cities often lacked adequate space or proper food preparation accouterments. Additionally, procuring cooking fuel could cost as much as purchased produce, frying foods in vats of searing oil proved as dangerous as it was expensive, and homeowners feared that a rogue cooking fire might easily conflagrate an entire neighborhood. Thus, urbanites were encouraged to purchase pre-prepared meats or starches, such as bread or noodles, in Ancient Rome, cities had street stands - a large counter with a receptacle in the middle from which food or drink would have been served. It was during post-WWII American economic boom that Americans began to more and buy more as the economy boomed. As a result of this new desire to have it all, coupled with the strides made by women while the men were away, Eating out, which had previously been considered a luxury, became a common occurrence, and then a necessity. Workers, and working families, needed quick service and inexpensive food for lunch and dinner. This need is what drove the phenomenal success of the early fast food giants, Fast food became an easy option for a busy family, as is the case for many families today. In the mornings, bread soaked in wine was eaten as a snack and cooked vegetables and stews later in popina. In Asia, 12th century Chinese scarfed down fried dough, soups and their Baghdadi contemporaries supplemented home-cooked meals with processed legumes, purchased starches, and even ready-to-eat meats. As in Roman cities during antiquity, many of these establishments catered to those who did not have means to cook their own food, unlike richer town dwellers, many often could not afford housing with kitchen facilities and thus relied on fast food. Travelers, as well, such as en route to a holy site, were among the customers
6.
McDonald's
–
McDonalds is an American hamburger and fast food restaurant chain. It was founded in 1940 as a restaurant operated by Richard. In 1948, they reorganized their business as a hamburger stand, the first McDonalds franchise using the arches logo opened in Phoenix, Arizona in 1953. Businessman Ray Kroc joined the company as an agent in 1955. Based in Oak Brook, Illinois, McDonalds confirmed plans to move its headquarters to Chicago by early 2018. Today, McDonalds is one of the worlds largest restaurant chains, McDonalds primarily sells hamburgers, cheeseburgers, chicken products, french fries, breakfast items, soft drinks, milkshakes, wraps, and desserts. In response to changing tastes, the company has expanded its menu to include salads, fish, wraps, smoothies. A McDonalds restaurant is operated by either a franchisee, an affiliate, the McDonalds Corporation revenues come from the rent, royalties, and fees paid by the franchisees, as well as sales in company-operated restaurants. According to a BBC report published in 2012, McDonalds is the second largest private employer,1.5 million of whom work for franchises. The business began in 1940, with a restaurant opened by brothers Richard and Maurice McDonald at 1398 North E Street at West 14th Street in San Bernardino, the first McDonalds with the arches opened in Phoenix, Arizona in March 1953. The original mascot of McDonalds was a man with a hat on top of a hamburger-shaped head whose name was Speedee. In 1962, the Golden Arches replaced Speedee as the company symbol, a new mascot, Ronald McDonald was introduced in 1965. The clown-like man having puffed out costume legs served advertising aimed at children. On May 4,1961, McDonalds first filed for a U. S. trademark on the name McDonalds with the description Drive-In Restaurant Services, on September 13,1961, the company filed for a trademark on a new logo—an overlapping, double-arched M symbol. By September 6,1962, this M-symbol was temporarily disfavored, although the Golden Arches logo appeared in various forms, the present version as a letter M did not appear until November 18,1968, when the company applied for a U. S. trademark. Kroc later purchased the McDonald brothers equity in the company and led its expansion. Kroc was also noted for aggressive business practices, compelling the McDonald brothers to leave the fast-food industry, Kroc and the McDonald brothers feuded over control of the business, as documented in Krocs autobiography. The San Bernardino restaurant was demolished in 1976 and the site was sold to the Juan Pollo restaurant chain and this area now serves as headquarters for the Juan Pollo chain, as well as a McDonalds and Route 66 museum
7.
Diner
–
A diner is a small fast food restaurant that is found in the American Northeastern United States and Midwest, as well as in other states, Canada, and parts of Western Europe. Diners offer a range of foods, mostly American, a distinct exterior structure, a casual atmosphere, a long counter with bar stools where patrons eat their meals. Diners frequently stay open 24 hours a day, especially in cities, bar patrons seeking a post-last call venue to socialize and get food and shift workers leaving their factories historically provided a key part of the customer base. From the 1920s to the 1940s, diners were usually prefabricated in factories, as a result, old diners were typically narrow and small, because they had to fit onto a rail car or truck for delivery to the restaurant site. Some vintage diners have been expanded over the years, by building additions into the prefab structure, in the 2010s, many new diners are built on site instead. Diners were historically small businesses operated by the owner, in the 2010s, some diners are operated by chains. Diners typically serve American food such as hamburgers, french fries, club sandwiches, much of the food is grilled, as early diners were based around a grill. Coffee is the ubiquitous beverage at diners, even if it is not always of high quality, diners often serve hand-blended milkshakes and desserts such as pies, which are typically displayed in a glass case. Classic American diners often have a layer of stainless steel siding—a feature unique to diner architecture. In some cases, diners share nostalgic, retro style features also found in some restored drive-ins, some car culture enthusiasts also enjoy going to diners, such as hot rod and vintage muscle car fans. The first diner was created in 1872 by Walter Scott, who sold out of a horse-pulled wagon to employees of the Providence Journal, in Providence. Scotts diner can be considered the first diner with “walk up” service, commercial production of lunch wagons began in Worcester, Massachusetts, in 1887, by Thomas Buckley. Buckley was successful and became known for his White House Cafe wagons, charles Palmer received the first patent for the diner, which he billed as a Night-Lunch Wagon. He built his fancy night cafes and night lunch wagons in the Worcester area until 1901. Built by the J. B. Judkins coach company, who had built custom car bodies, two Sterling Streamliners remain in operation, the Salem Diner at its original location in Salem, Massachusetts and the Modern Diner in Pawtucket, Rhode Island. As the number of seats increased, wagons gave way to pre-fabricated buildings made by many of the manufacturers who had made the wagons. Like the lunch wagon, a stationary diner allowed one to set up a service business quickly using pre-assembled constructs. Until the Great Depression, most diner manufacturers and their customers were located in the Northeast, after World War II, as the economy returned to civilian production and the suburbs boomed, diners were an attractive small business opportunity
8.
World War II
–
World War II, also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although related conflicts began earlier. It involved the vast majority of the worlds countries—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing alliances, the Allies and the Axis. It was the most widespread war in history, and directly involved more than 100 million people from over 30 countries. Marked by mass deaths of civilians, including the Holocaust and the bombing of industrial and population centres. These made World War II the deadliest conflict in human history, from late 1939 to early 1941, in a series of campaigns and treaties, Germany conquered or controlled much of continental Europe, and formed the Axis alliance with Italy and Japan. Under the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact of August 1939, Germany and the Soviet Union partitioned and annexed territories of their European neighbours, Poland, Finland, Romania and the Baltic states. In December 1941, Japan attacked the United States and European colonies in the Pacific Ocean, and quickly conquered much of the Western Pacific. The Axis advance halted in 1942 when Japan lost the critical Battle of Midway, near Hawaii, in 1944, the Western Allies invaded German-occupied France, while the Soviet Union regained all of its territorial losses and invaded Germany and its allies. During 1944 and 1945 the Japanese suffered major reverses in mainland Asia in South Central China and Burma, while the Allies crippled the Japanese Navy, thus ended the war in Asia, cementing the total victory of the Allies. World War II altered the political alignment and social structure of the world, the United Nations was established to foster international co-operation and prevent future conflicts. The victorious great powers—the United States, the Soviet Union, China, the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union and the United States emerged as rival superpowers, setting the stage for the Cold War, which lasted for the next 46 years. Meanwhile, the influence of European great powers waned, while the decolonisation of Asia, most countries whose industries had been damaged moved towards economic recovery. Political integration, especially in Europe, emerged as an effort to end pre-war enmities, the start of the war in Europe is generally held to be 1 September 1939, beginning with the German invasion of Poland, Britain and France declared war on Germany two days later. The dates for the beginning of war in the Pacific include the start of the Second Sino-Japanese War on 7 July 1937, or even the Japanese invasion of Manchuria on 19 September 1931. Others follow the British historian A. J. P. Taylor, who held that the Sino-Japanese War and war in Europe and its colonies occurred simultaneously and this article uses the conventional dating. Other starting dates sometimes used for World War II include the Italian invasion of Abyssinia on 3 October 1935. The British historian Antony Beevor views the beginning of World War II as the Battles of Khalkhin Gol fought between Japan and the forces of Mongolia and the Soviet Union from May to September 1939, the exact date of the wars end is also not universally agreed upon. It was generally accepted at the time that the war ended with the armistice of 14 August 1945, rather than the formal surrender of Japan
9.
Memphis, Tennessee
–
Memphis is a city in the southwestern corner of the U. S. state of Tennessee and the county seat of Shelby County. The city is located on the fourth Chickasaw Bluff, south of the confluence of the Wolf, Memphis had a population of 653,450 in 2013, making it the largest city in the state of Tennessee. It is the largest city on the Mississippi River, the third largest in the greater Southeastern United States, the greater Memphis metropolitan area, including adjacent counties in Mississippi and Arkansas, had a 2014 population of 1,317,314. This makes Memphis the second-largest metropolitan area in Tennessee, surpassed by metropolitan Nashville, Memphis is the youngest of Tennessees major cities, founded in 1819 as a planned city by a group of wealthy Americans including judge John Overton and future president Andrew Jackson. A resident of Memphis is referred to as a Memphian, and the Memphis region is known, particularly to media outlets, as Memphis and the Mid-South. Occupying a substantial bluff rising from the Mississippi River, the site of Memphis has been a location for human settlement by varying cultures over thousands of years. The historic Chickasaw Indian tribe, believed to be their descendants, French explorers led by René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle and Spanish explorer Hernando de Soto would encounter the Chickasaw in that area, in the 16th century. J. D. L. Chickasaw Bluffs, located on the Mississippi River at the present day location of Memphis, spain and the United States vied for control of this site, which was a favorite of the Chickasaws. The United States gained the right to navigate the Mississippi River, the Spanish dismantled the fort, shipping its lumber and iron to their locations in Arkansas. Captain Isaac Guion led an American force down the Ohio River to claim the land, by this time, the Spanish had departed. The forts ruins went unnoticed twenty years later when Memphis was laid out as a city, the city of Memphis was founded on May 22,1819 by John Overton, James Winchester and Andrew Jackson. They named it after the ancient capital of Egypt on the Nile River, Memphis developed as a trade and transportation center in the 19th century because of its flood-free location high above the Mississippi River. Located in the delta region along the river, its outlying areas were developed as cotton plantations. The cotton economy of the antebellum South depended on the labor of large numbers of African-American slaves. Through the early 19th century, one million slaves were transported from the Upper South, Many were transported by steamboats along the Ohio and Mississippi rivers. This gave planters and cotton brokers access to the Atlantic Coast for shipping cotton to England, the citys demographics changed dramatically in the 1850s and 1860s under waves of immigration and domestic migration. Due to increased immigration since the 1840s and the Great Famine, ethnic Irish made up 9.9 percent of the population in 1850, but 23.2 percent in 1860, when the total population was 22,623. They had encountered considerable discrimination in the city but by 1860 and they also gained many elected and patronage positions in the Democratic Party city government, and an Irish man was elected as mayor before the Civil War
10.
Avondale Estates, Georgia
–
Avondale Estates is a city in DeKalb County, Georgia, United States. The population was 2,960 at the 2010 census and it is part of the Atlanta metropolitan area and is near Decatur. In the 1890s, lots were sold in the area which was known as Ingleside, Avondale Estates was founded in 1924 by George Francis Willis, a patent medicine magnate, who purchased the entire village of Ingleside to create a planned community. The city was named after Stratford-upon-Avon, England, birthplace of Shakespeare, downtown buildings were designed in a Tudor style to reinforce this image, as were many of the houses in the city. Community amenities such as a lake, tennis courts, a clubhouse, parks, Avondale Estates is located at 33°46′15″N 84°15′54″W. The city is entirely underlain by granite, and clay-rich soil developed on it, some of this granite can be seen outcropped along the shore of Lake Avondale. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 1.1 square miles. As of the 2010 census, Avondale Estates had a population of 2,960,2. 2% of the population was Hispanic or Latino of any race. The mostly Tudor-style downtown area of Avondale Estates, known as the district, is home to a variety of businesses including antique. Pizza, Mexican fare, southern comfort food, a soda fountain/diner, the city is the location of the first Waffle House, which opened its doors Labor Day weekend of 1955. Waffle House operates a museum at the location today. A selection of art galleries and studios make their home in an area of the city known as the Rail Arts District, little Tree Art Studios located on Franklin St. is a warehouse that include multiple artist studios and a music rehearsal space. The city is governed by a mayor and a board of commissioners, Avondale Estates also has a city manager and other administrative positions. The city uses the DeKalb County Fire Service for fire and EMS calls, the Avondale Estates Police Department has approximately 15 members providing around the clock coverage. Officers drive Dodge Chargers equipped with PIT bumpers, LED lights, in-car computers with e-tickets, city Court is held multiple times a month. The Georgia Department of Juvenile Justice has its headquarters in Avondale Estates, the United States Postal Service operates the Avondale Estates Post Office. Avondale Estates is served by the DeKalb County School System, Avondale Elementary School Avondale High School closed at the end of May,2011, and the students were distributed to neighboring schools. The campus is now used exclusively by the magnet school DeKalb School of the Arts, the elementary school is in the city limits, while the middle school and high school are adjacent to the city limits
.svg){kind=small}