Thomas William Heinsohn is an American former professional basketball player. He has been associated with the Boston Celtics of the National Basketball Association for six decades as a player and broadcaster, he played for the Celtics from 1956 to 1965, coached the team from 1969 to 1978. He has since spent over 30 years as the color commentator for the Celtics' local broadcasts alongside play-by-play commentator Mike Gorman, he has been regarded as one of the most iconic and charismatic Celtics of the 1950s-60s championship teams, being called “the godfather of the city of Boston,” by former teammate John Havlicek. Tom Heinsohn has been granted Hall of Fame status for his contributions as a player, he has been inducted into the Hall of Fame for his success as a head coach. He helped form the NBA Players Association. Heinsohn is the only person to have the distinction of being involved in an official team capacity in each of the Celtics' 17 championships, as well as each of their 21 NBA Finals appearances.

Born in Jersey City, New Jersey, Heinsohn was a standout at St. Michael's High School in nearby Union City, he accepted a scholarship to Holy Cross in Worcester and became the school's all-time leading scorer with 1,789 points, an average of 22.1 points per game. During his senior year, Heinsohn scored a school record 51 points in a game against Boston College. In 1956, Heinsohn was chosen as the Boston Celtics ` territorial', draft pick. In his first season, Heinsohn played in an NBA All-Star Game, was named the NBA Rookie of the Year over teammate Bill Russell, won his first championship ring, he was part of a Celtics squad that won eight NBA titles in nine years, including seven in a row between 1959 and 1965. In NBA history, only teammates Russell and Sam Jones won more championship rings during their playing careers. During his playing career, Heinsohn was named to six All-Star teams. On the day his teammate and fellow Holy Cross Crusader Bob Cousy retired, Heinsohn scored his 10,000th career point.

His number 15 was retired by the Celtics in 1965. Off the court, Heinsohn played an important leadership role in the NBA Players Association, he was the association's second president, was instrumental in the league's acceptance of free agency following a showdown at the All-Star game in 1964, in which the All-Star players, led by Heinsohn, threatened to strike. Heinsohn became the Celtics' head coach beginning in the 1969–70 season, he led the team to a league best 68–14 record during the 1972–73 season and was named Coach of the Year, although Boston was upset in the playoffs. The next season Heinsohn and the Celtics won the championship, they claimed another title in 1976, he accumulated a career coaching record of 427–263. On February 14, 2015, it was announced that Heinsohn would be inducted into the Basketball Hall of Fame for a second time as a coaching inductee, he is one of five members of the class of 2015 who were directly elected and is just one of four people to be inducted as both a player and coach.

Heinsohn's broadcasting career began in 1966, calling play-by-play for WKBG's Celtics broadcasts, after being asked by Red Auerbach. He spent three seasons in this role before becoming coach in 1969. From 1990 to 1999, Heinsohn was the Celtics' road play-by-play man on WFXT, WSBK and WABU. In 1981, Heinsohn joined Mike Gorman as color commentator in the Celtics' television broadcasts. Bob Cousy makes appearances with the tandem of Heinsohn and Gorman. For a time in the 1980s, Heinsohn was in the same capacity during CBS's playoff coverage of the NBA, calling four Finals from 1984 to 1987, three of which involved the Boston Celtics against the Los Angeles Lakers. Heinsohn teamed with Brent Musburger and James Brown during his time with CBS. On Celtics broadcasts, Heinsohn likes to point out players who display extra hustle to help the team by giving them "Tommy Points." One player in each game has exceptional play and hustle highlighted for the "Tommy Award". During broadcasts he is known for his sense of humor and indignantly questioning game officials when calls against the Celtics appear to be made in error.

Away from the court, Heinsohn enjoys playing golf. Heinsohn has worked fewer games due to age and health issues. Brian Scalabrine, the Celtics' studio analyst, has filled in for Heinsohn during his rare absences at home games and now has taken over for Heinsohn on all road games, he started to take on this role during the 2012–13 NBA season, during the 2014–2015 NBA season became full-time on road games. When the Celtics are having a road game, Heinsohn works as a studio analyst on the Celtics' television broadcasts. 10-time NBA Champion 1957 Rookie of the Year Six-time NBA All-Star 1973 Coach of the Year Two-time Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame inductee Recipient of the 1995 Jack McMahon Award by the National Basketball Coaches Association Recipient of the 2009 Chuck Daly Lifetime Achievement Award by the NBA Coaches Association Number 15 retired by the Boston Celtics. Number 24 retired by Holy Cross List of NCAA Division I men's basketball players with 30 or more rebounds in a game List of NBA players with most championships Tom Heinsohn at the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame Tom Heinsohn on IMDb

The KA engines were a series of four-stroke inline-four gasoline piston engines manufactured by Nissan, which were offered in 2.0 and 2.4 L. The engines blocks were made of cast-iron. Despite their large capacity, this motor was not equipped with balance shafts; when used in the passenger cars both versions of the KA24 used a crankshaft girdle, as opposed to individual main bearing caps. In the Nissan Hardbody and Frontier applications a crank girdle was not used; the KA20DE was a DOHC 16-valve engine produced from June 1999 through August 2007. It was used in Japanese Domestic Market commercial vehicles. SpecificationsBore × Stroke: 86 mm × 86 mm Max power: 120 PS at 5200 rpm, it uses Hitachi sequential electronic fuel injection, features cast steel connecting rods, a half-counterweighted forged steel crankshaft, a cast aluminum cylinder head. SpecificationsBore × Stroke: 89 mm × 96 mm Max power: 134 hp at 5600 rpm Max torque: 206 N⋅m at 4400 rpm Valve Configuration: SOHC, 12 valves Compression ratio: 8.6:1 Timing Chain Applications1998–2004 Nissan Xterra 1989–1990 Nissan 240SX 1990–1997 Nissan D21 Truck - 1997-1999 D22 Navara 1990-1995 Nissan Pathfinder 1989–1995 Nissan Axxess / Nissan Prairie 1990–1992 Nissan Stanza 1989–1992 Nissan Pintara / Ford Corsair 1993-1996 Nissan Terrano II Europe The 2.4 L KA24DE was used in many Nissan cars and trucks.

Most KA24DEs bound for the US were built in the city of Aguascalientes, with the exceptions of the 240SX, 1994-97 Altima, the U13 Bluebird released in Australia with FWD configuration, which were manufactured in Yokohama, Japan. The KA24DE is similar to the KA24E; the KA24E is SOHC with three valves per cylinder actuated by rocker arms, the KA24DE is DOHC with 4 valves per cylinder and shim-over-bucket valve actuation. Design improvements of the dual cam engine include the use of a knock sensor, larger diameter girdled main bearings in the Japanese block, different oil pan, different oil pickup, dipstick location and piston oil squirters. In addition to the increased power and torque, the KA24DE has a higher redline than the KA24E. KA24DE-A is an Altima specific model of the KA24DE; the head and block are non-interchangeable between all other models and are uniquely cast for front wheel drive operation. Differences in the Japanese block to Mexican are present; the Mexico blocks implemented a oil pump drive similar to the L series.

They used a single row chain for the upper timing assembly without valve cover mounted guide. In addition to this, they removed the rearmost cam journal in the Mexico head; the crank rides on individually capped bearings with a smaller diameter than the Japanese block, with shorter lower compression pistons in cylinders that have thicker walls than the Japanese DE. They retained piston oilers. SpecificationsBore × Stroke: 89 mm × 96 mm Displacement: 2,389 cc Max. Power: 155 bhp at 5,600 rpm Max. Torque: 160 lb⋅ft at 4,400 rpm 154 lb⋅ft at 4400 RPM. Valvetrain configuration: DOHC, 4 valves per cylinder Compression ratio: 9.5:1, 9.2:1, 9.2:1 Timing ChainApplicationsKA24DE 2000-2004 Nissan Xterra 1998-2016 Nissan Navara/Frontier 1991-1998 Nissan 240SX 1997-2000 Nissan R'nessa 1998-2001 Nissan Presage U30 1999-2001 Nissan Bassara U30 1993-1997 Nissan Bluebird U13 Isuzu COMO Nissan LargoKA24DE-A 1993-1999 Nissan Altima 2000-2001 Nissan Altima List of Nissan engines

The Dungan language is a Sinitic language spoken in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan by the Dungan people, an ethnic group related to the Hui people of China. Although it is derived from the Central Plains Mandarin of Gansu and Shaanxi, it is written in Cyrillic and contains loanwords and archaisms not found in other modern varieties of Mandarin; the Dungan people of Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan are the descendants of several groups of the Hui people that migrated to the region in the 1870s and the 1880s after the defeat of the Dungan revolt in Northwestern China. The Hui of Northwestern China would speak the same Mandarin dialect as the Han people in the same area. At the same time, due to their unique history, their speech would be rich in Islamic or Islam-influenced terminology, based on loanwords from Arabic and Turkic languages, as well as translations of them into Chinese; the Hui traders in the bazaars would be able to use Arabic or Persian numbers when talking between themselves, to keep their communications secret from Han bystanders.

While not constituting a separate language, these words and turns of speech, known as Huihui hua, served as markers of group identity. As early 20th century travellers in Northwestern China would note, "the Mohammedan Chinese have to some extent a vocabulary, always a style and manner of speech, all their own"; as the Dungans in the Russian Empire, more so in the Soviet Union, were isolated from China, their language experienced significant influence from the Russian and the Turkic languages of their neighbors. In the Soviet Union, a written standard of the Dungan language was developed, based on a dialect of the Gansu province, rather than the Beijing base of Standard Chinese; the language was used in the schools in Dungan villages. In the Soviet time there were several school textbooks published for studying the Dungan language, a three volume Russian–Dungan dictionary, the Dungan–Russian dictionary, linguistics monographs on the language and books in Dungan; the first Dungan-language newspaper was established in 1932.

When Dru C. Gladney, who had spent some years working with the Hui people in China, met with Dungans in Almaty in 1988, he described the experience as speaking "in a hybrid Gansu dialect that combined Turkish and Russian lexical items". There is a varying degree of mutual intelligibility between various Mandarin dialects; the Shaanxi and Gansu Mandarin dialects are understood by Dungans. On the other hand, Dungan speakers like Yasyr Shivaza and others have reported that Chinese who speak the Beijing Mandarin dialect can understand Dungan, but Dungans could not understand the Beijing Mandarin. Dungan is spoken in Kyrgyzstan, with speakers in Russia and Uzbekistan as well; the Dungan ethnic group are the descendants of refugees from China who migrated west into Central Asia. According to the Soviet census statistics from 1970 to 1989, the Dungan maintained the use of their ethnic language much more than other minority ethnic groups in Central Asia. Chinese varieties have different classifiers for different types of nouns, with northern varieties tending to have fewer classifiers than southern ones.

個 is the only classifier found in the Dungan language. In basic structure and vocabulary, the Dungan language is not different from Mandarin Chinese a variety of Zhongyuan Mandarin spoken in the southern part of the province of Gansu and the western part of the valley of Guanzhong in the province of Shaanxi. Like other Chinese varieties, Dungan is tonal. There are two main dialects, one with 4 tones and the other, considered standard, with 3 tones in the final position in phonetic words and 4 tones in the nonfinal position; the corresponding table compares current Dungan spelling, old Dungan spelling, pinyin and IPA. Using Standard Chinese vowels as basis, each vowel and its respective current Dungan spelling is presented below, along with the old Dungan spelling, using pinyin and IPA. Note that the correspondence between Dungan vowels and Standard Chinese vowels is not perfect. Vowel constructs that can be used as independent syllable without consonants are shown in parenthesis. There are rhotacised vowels, as well as some syllables only seen in loan words from Russian, Kyrgyz, etc. in addition to the above table.

Tones in Dungan are marked with a soft sign and a hard sign. The basilects of Gansu/Shaanxi Mandarin and Dungan are mutually intelligible; however at the level of basic vocabulary, Dungan contains many words not present in modern Mandarin dialects, such as Arabic and Persian loanwords, as well as archaic Qing dynasty-era Chinese vocabulary. Furthermore, the acrolects of Dungan and Gansu/Shaanxi Mandarin have diverged due to time and cultural influences. During the 20th century and intellectuals introduced many neologisms and calques into the Chinese language for political and technical concepts. However, the Dungan, cut off from the mainstream of Chinese discourse by orthographi