1.
Boston
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Boston is the capital and most populous city of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in the United States. Boston is also the seat of Suffolk County, although the county government was disbanded on July 1,1999. The city proper covers 48 square miles with a population of 667,137 in 2015, making it the largest city in New England. Alternately, as a Combined Statistical Area, this wider commuting region is home to some 8.1 million people, One of the oldest cities in the United States, Boston was founded on the Shawmut Peninsula in 1630 by Puritan settlers from England. It was the scene of several key events of the American Revolution, such as the Boston Massacre, the Boston Tea Party, the Battle of Bunker Hill, and the Siege of Boston. Upon U. S. independence from Great Britain, it continued to be an important port and manufacturing hub as well as a center for education, through land reclamation and municipal annexation, Boston has expanded beyond the original peninsula. Its rich history attracts many tourists, with Faneuil Hall alone drawing over 20 million visitors per year, Bostons many firsts include the United States first public school, Boston Latin School, first subway system, the Tremont Street Subway, and first public park, Boston Common. Bostons economic base also includes finance, professional and business services, biotechnology, information technology, the city has one of the highest costs of living in the United States as it has undergone gentrification, though it remains high on world livability rankings. Bostons early European settlers had first called the area Trimountaine but later renamed it Boston after Boston, Lincolnshire, England, the renaming on September 7,1630 was by Puritan colonists from England who had moved over from Charlestown earlier that year in quest of fresh water. Their settlement was limited to the Shawmut Peninsula, at that time surrounded by the Massachusetts Bay and Charles River. The peninsula is thought to have been inhabited as early as 5000 BC, in 1629, the Massachusetts Bay Colonys first governor John Winthrop led the signing of the Cambridge Agreement, a key founding document of the city. Puritan ethics and their focus on education influenced its early history, over the next 130 years, the city participated in four French and Indian Wars, until the British defeated the French and their Indian allies in North America. Boston was the largest town in British America until Philadelphia grew larger in the mid-18th century, Bostons harbor activity was significantly curtailed by the Embargo Act of 1807 and the War of 1812. Foreign trade returned after these hostilities, but Bostons merchants had found alternatives for their investments in the interim. Manufacturing became an important component of the economy, and the citys industrial manufacturing overtook international trade in economic importance by the mid-19th century. Boston remained one of the nations largest manufacturing centers until the early 20th century, a network of small rivers bordering the city and connecting it to the surrounding region facilitated shipment of goods and led to a proliferation of mills and factories. Later, a network of railroads furthered the regions industry. Boston was a port of the Atlantic triangular slave trade in the New England colonies
2.
School of the Museum of Fine Arts at Tufts
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The School of the Museum of Fine Arts at Tufts is one of the schools that comprise Tufts University, located in Boston, Massachusetts. The school offers undergraduate and graduate degrees dedicated to the visual arts and it is affiliated with the Museum of Fine Arts. SMFA is also a member of the Association of Independent Colleges of Art and Design, the school does not have a foundations program, but it does require all new students to take a freshman seminar. One of the attributes of SMFA is that students are required to participate in a Review Board which is a review of all of the art work that a student has done during the semester. Review Boards are led by two faculty members, one of whom is the choice, and two fellow students. There are many opportunities for students to exhibit their artwork at both the building and the Mission Hill building. Opportunities to exhibit works include the annual Museum School Art Sale, the Schools main campus is adjacent to and just to the west of the Museum of Fine Arts. Most classroom space is located there, as well as the Cafe des Arts, the library, the Schools store, from 1876 to 1909, the School of the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, was housed in the basement of the original Museum building in Copley Square. When the Museum moved to Huntington Avenue in 1909, the School moved into a separate, the permanent building, designed by Guy Lowell, was completed in 1927. The 45, 000-square-foot red brick building provided improved classroom, studio, in 1945 the Museum School and Tufts College collaborated to develop their first joint degree teacher training granting program. The creation of additional programs between the two institutions followed soon after, gunds expansion included the central atrium, known as the Katherine Lane Weems Atrium, that connects the two buildings. In December 2015 it was announced that the School of the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston would become a part of Tufts University, Boston Expressionism Boston School School of the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston Museum of Fine Arts, Boston Tufts University Northeastern University
3.
Graphic design
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Graphic design is the process of visual communication and problem-solving using one or more of typography, photography and illustration. The field is considered a subset of visual communication and communication design, Graphic designers create and combine symbols, images and text to form visual representations of ideas and messages. They use typography, visual arts and page layout techniques to create visual compositions, common uses of graphic design include corporate design, editorial design, wayfinding or environmental design, advertising, web design, communication design, product packaging and signage. The term graphic design was coined by William Addison Dwiggins in 1922, however, graphic design-like activities span human existence, from the caves of Lascaux, to Romes Trajans Column to the illuminated manuscripts of the Middle Ages, to the neon lights of Ginza, Tokyo. In Babylon, artisans pressed cuneiform inscriptions into clay bricks or tablets which were used for construction, the bricks gave information such as the name of the reigning monarch, the builder, or some other dignitary. This was the first known road sign announcing the name of the governor of a state or mayor of the city, the Egyptians developed communication by hieroglyphics that used picture symbols dating as far back as 136 B. C. found on the Rosetta Stone. During the Dark Ages, from 500 AD to 1450 AD, monks created elaborate and they share many elements, theories, principles, practices, languages and sometimes the same benefactor or client. In advertising, the objective is the sale of goods. In graphic design, the essence is to order to information, form to ideas, expression. Graphic design in the United States began with Benjamin Franklin who used his newspaper The Pennsylvania Gazette, to master the art of publicity to promote his own books and his invention is still sold today and is known as the Franklin stove. American advertising initially imitated British newspapers and magazines, advertisements were printed in scrambled type and uneven lines that made it difficult to read. Franklin better organized this by adding 14-point type for the first line of the advertisement, although later shortened and centered it, Franklin added illustrations, something that London printers had not attempted. Franklin was the first to utilize logos, which were early symbols that announced such services as opticians by displaying golden spectacles, Franklin taught advertisers that the use of detail was important in marketing their products. Some advertisements ran for 10-20 lines, including color, names, varieties, during the Tang Dynasty wood blocks were cut to print on textiles and later to reproduce Buddhist texts. A Buddhist scripture printed in 868 is the earliest known printed book, beginning in the 11th century, longer scrolls and books were produced using movable type printing, making books widely available during the Song dynasty. During the 17th-18th century movable type was used for handbills or trade cards which were printed from wood or copper engravings and these documents announced a business and its location. English painter William Hogarth used his skill in engraving was one of the first to design for business trade, in Mainz Germany, in 1448, Johann Gutenberg introduced movable type using a new metal alloy for use in a printing press and opened a new era of commerce. Previously, most advertising was word of mouth, in France and England, for example, criers announced products for sale just as ancient Romans had done
4.
Illustrator
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An illustrator is an artist who specializes in enhancing writing or elucidating concepts by providing a visual representation that corresponds to the content of the associated text or idea. The illustration may be intended to clarify complicated concepts or objects that are difficult to describe textually, illustration is the art of making images that work with something and add to it without needing direct attention and without distracting from the thing they illustrate. The other thing is the focus of the attention, and the role is to add personality. A cartoon illustration can add humor to stories or essays, use reference images to create scenes and characters. This can be as simple as looking at an image to inspire artwork, or creating character sketches. Some traditional illustration techniques include watercolor, pen and ink, airbrush art, oil painting, pastels, wood engraving, and linoleum cuts. Traditional illustration seems to have come full circle, from falling out of favor to photography in the early 1990s to being superseded by CGI, universities and art schools offer specific courses in illustration so this has become a new avenue into the profession. Many illustrators are freelance, commissioned by publishers or advertising agencies, most scientific illustrations and technical illustrations are also known as information graphics. Among the information graphics specialists are medical illustrators who illustrate human anatomy, often requiring years of artistic. A particularly popular medium with illustrators of the 1950s and 1960s was casein, the immediacy and durability of these media suited illustrations demands well. The artwork in both types of paint withstood the rigors of travel to clients and printers without damage, digital illustration is the technique of using a computer to produce original artwork. Digital illustrators use a combination of software and image editing software to create computer art. Digital illustration is not merely the manipulation of images with software, computer illustration or digital illustration is the use of digital tools to produce images under the direct manipulation of the artist, usually through a pointing device such as a tablet or a mouse. Computers dramatically changed the industry and today many cartoonists and illustrators create digital illustrations using computers, graphics tablets, software such as Adobe Illustrator or Adobe Photoshop are now widely used by those professionals
5.
Doctor Zhivago (film)
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Doctor Zhivago is a 1965 British-Italian epic romantic drama film directed by David Lean. It is set in Russia between the prior to World War I and the Russian Civil War of 1917–1922, and is based on the Boris Pasternak novel of the same name. While immensely popular in the West, the book was banned in the Soviet Union for decades, for this reason, the film could not be made in the Soviet Union and was instead filmed mostly in Spain. The film stars Omar Sharif in the role as Yuri Zhivago. The supporting cast includes Geraldine Chaplin, Rod Steiger, Alec Guinness, Tom Courtenay, Ralph Richardson, Siobhán McKenna, over time, however, the films reputation has improved greatly. It also won five awards at the 23rd Golden Globe Awards including Best Motion Picture - Drama, as of 2016, it is the eighth highest-grossing film of all time in the United States and Canada, adjusted for ticket-price inflation. The film takes place mostly against a backdrop of the pre-World War I years, World War I itself, the Russian Revolution of 1917, Yevgraf believes a young woman, Tanya Komarova, may be his niece and tells her the story of her fathers life. When Yuri Zhivago is orphaned after his mothers death in rural Russia, he is taken in by his mothers friends, Alexander and Anna Gromeko, and grows up with their daughter Tonya in Moscow. In 1913, Zhivago, as a student in training. Lara, only 17, is involved in an affair with the older and well-connected Victor Ipolitovich Komarovsky, one night, the idealistic reformer Pavel Pavlovich Antipov drifts into left-wing extremism after being wounded by sabre-wielding Cossacks during a peaceful demonstration. Pasha runs to Lara, whom he wants to marry, to treat his wound and he asks her to hide a gun he picked up at the demonstration. Laras mother discovers her affair with Komarovsky and attempts suicide, Komarovsky summons help from his physician, Zhivagos former professor, whom he accompanies back to Laras home to treat her mother. When Komarovsky learns of Laras intentions to marry Pasha, he tries to dissuade Lara, in revenge, the humiliated Lara takes the pistol she has been hiding for Pasha and shoots Komarovsky at a Christmas Eve party, wounding him. Komarovsky insists no action be taken against Lara, who is escorted out by Pasha, although enraged and devastated by Laras affair with Komarovsky, Pasha marries Lara, and they have a daughter named Katya. During World War I, Yevgraf Zhivago is sent by the Bolsheviks to subvert the Imperial Russian Army, Pasha is reported missing in action following a daring charge attack on German forces. Lara enlists as a nurse to search for him, Yuri Zhivago is drafted and becomes a battlefield doctor. During the February Revolution in 1917, Zhivago enlists Laras help to tend to the wounded, together they run a field hospital for six months, during which time radical changes ensue throughout Russia as Vladimir Lenin arrives in Moscow. Before their departure, Yuri and Lara fall in love, but Yuri remains true to Tonya, after the war, Yuri returns to his wife Tonya, son Sasha, and Alexander, whose house in Moscow has been divided into tenements by the new Soviet government
6.
Gone with the Wind (film)
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Gone with the Wind is a 1939 American epic historical romance film adapted from Margaret Mitchells 1936 novel Gone with the Wind. It was produced by David O. Selznick of Selznick International Pictures, the leading roles are portrayed by Vivien Leigh, Clark Gable, Leslie Howard, and Olivia de Havilland. Production was difficult from the start, filming was delayed for two years due to Selznicks determination to secure Gable for the role of Rhett Butler, and the search for Scarlett led to 1,400 women being interviewed for the part. The original screenplay was written by Sidney Howard, but underwent many revisions by several writers in an attempt to get it down to a suitable length, the film received positive reviews upon its release in December 1939, although some reviewers found it dramatically lacking and bloated. The casting was praised and many reviewers found Leigh especially suited to her role as Scarlett. It set records for the number of wins and nominations at the time. The film was popular, becoming the highest-earning film made up to that point. When adjusted for inflation, it is still the most successful film in box-office history. It was re-released periodically throughout the 20th century and became ingrained in popular culture, part 1 On the eve of the American Civil War in 1861, Scarlett OHara lives at Tara, her familys cotton plantation in Georgia, with her parents and two sisters. At the Twelve Oaks party, Scarlett secretly declares her feelings to Ashley, Scarlett is incensed when she discovers another guest, Rhett Butler, has overheard their conversation, a smitten Rhett promises Scarlett he will keep her secret. The barbecue is disrupted by the declaration of war and the men rush to enlist, as Scarlett watches Ashley kiss Melanie goodbye, Melanies younger brother Charles proposes to her. Although she does not love him, Scarlett consents and they are married before he leaves to fight, Scarlett is widowed when Charles dies from a bout of pneumonia and measles while serving in the Confederate Army. Scarletts mother sends her to the Hamilton home in Atlanta to cheer her up, Scarlett, who should not attend a party while in mourning, attends a charity bazaar in Atlanta with Melanie where she runs into Rhett again, now a blockade runner for the Confederacy. Celebrating a Confederate victory and to money for the Confederate war effort. Rhett makes a large bid for Scarlett and, to the disapproval of the guests. The tide of war turns against the Confederacy after the Battle of Gettysburg in which many of the men of Scarletts town are killed, upon her return home, Scarlett finds Tara deserted, except for her father, her sisters, and two former slaves, Mammy and Pork. Scarlett learns that her mother has just died of fever and her father has become incompetent. With Tara pillaged by Union troops and the fields untended, Scarlett vows she will do anything for the survival of her family and herself
7.
The Man Who Would Be King (film)
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The Man Who Would Be King is a 1975 Technicolor film adapted from the Rudyard Kipling novella of the same title. It was adapted and directed by John Huston and starred Sean Connery, Michael Caine, Saeed Jaffrey, the film follows two rogue ex-non-commissioned officers of the Indian Army who set off from late 19th-century British India in search of adventure and end up as kings of Kafiristan. Peachy tells Kipling the story of how he and his comrade-in-arms Daniel Danny Dravot traveled to remote Kafiristan, became gods, Carnehan claims to be an expert in whiskey, women, waistcoats and bills of fare. Both Dravot and Carnehan are in the process of blackmailing a local Rajah by posing as newspaper correspondents of The Northern Star newspaper-which outrages the real correspondent. In order to save their lives Kipling has the district commissioner detain both Dravot and Carnehan - who obliquely blackmail the commissioner himself. Kipling, after attempting to dissuade the men, gives Dravot his masonic emblem as a token of brotherhood, fighting off bandits, blizzards, and avalanches, they make their way into the unknown land of Kafiristan. They chance upon a Gurkha soldier who goes by the name Billy Fish, Billy speaks English as well as the local tongue. Peachy and Danny muster a force to attack the villagers most-hated enemy, during the battle, Danny is struck by an arrow, but is unharmed, leading the natives to believe that he is a god. In fact, the arrow was stopped by a bandolier hidden beneath his clothing, as victory follows victory, the defeated are recruited to join the swelling army. When Danny flinches, the monks grab him and open his shirt, by coincidence, the symbol on the jewel matches one known only to the highest holy man, the symbol of Sikander, who had conquered the country thousands of years before and promised to return. The holy men are convinced Danny is the son of Sikander and they hail him as king and lead the two men down to storerooms heaped with treasure that belonged to Sikander, which now belongs to Danny. As the months pass, Peachy is anxious to leave with the treasure before winter closes the passes, Danny is against it, however, and develops delusions of grandeur. First, Danny suggests that Peachy bow to him like the others, ostensibly to keep up appearances in front of the natives and he adjudicates disputes among local people and villages, and issues proclamations overseeing their administration. He begins making plans to turn the land into a modern country, resigned that Dannys mind is made up, Peachy decides to take as much loot as he can carry on a small mule train and leave alone. Meanwhile, Danny decides to take a wife after seeing the beautiful Roxanne, Roxanne, having a superstitious fear that she will burst into flames if she consorts with a god, tries frantically to escape, biting Danny during the wedding ceremony. The bite draws blood, and when everyone sees it, they realize that Danny is human after all, the angry natives pursue Danny and Peachy. Billy is killed amidst the mob and Peachy and Danny are soon captured, Danny apologizes to Peachy for spoiling their plans, and Peachy forgives him. Now resigned to his fate, Danny is forced to walk to the middle of a bridge over a deep gorge as the ropes are cut
8.
The Omen
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The Omen is a 1976 American-British supernatural horror film directed by Richard Donner and written by David Seltzer. The film stars Gregory Peck, Lee Remick, David Warner, Harvey Spencer Stephens, Billie Whitelaw, Patrick Troughton, Martin Benson, and Leo McKern. The first installment in The Omen series, the film concerns a young child substituted at birth by American Ambassador Robert Thorn unbeknownst to his wife and they are surrounded by mysterious and ominous deaths, unaware that the child is the Antichrist. The film earned two Academy Award nominations, and won for Best Original Score for Jerry Goldsmith, his only Oscar win, a scene from the film appeared at #16 on Bravos The 100 Scariest Movie Moments. The film spawned a franchise, starting with Damien, Omen II, in Rome, American diplomat Robert Thorn is in a hospital where his wife Katherine gives birth to a boy, who—he is told—dies moments after being born. Robert is convinced by the chaplain, Father Spiletto, to secretly adopt an orphan whose mother died at the same time. Robert agrees, but does not reveal to his wife that the child is not theirs, soon after, Robert is appointed U. S. Ambassador to the United Kingdom. Father Brennan, a Catholic priest, tries repeatedly to warn the Ambassador about Damiens mysterious origins, the priest later tells Robert that Katherine is pregnant and that Damien will prevent her from having the child. Afterward, Brennan is impaled and killed by a lightning rod thrown from the roof of a church during a sudden storm, upon returning home, Katherine tells Robert that she is pregnant and wants an abortion. Learning of Father Brennans death, photographer Keith Jennings begins investigating Damien and he notices shadows in photographs of the nanny and of Father Brennan that seem to presage their bizarre deaths. Photos of Keith also show these shadows, Keith shows Robert the photos and tells him he also believes that Damien is a threat and that he wants to help Robert. While Robert is away, Damien knocks Katherine over a railing to the floor below. Keith and Robert travel to Rome to investigate Damiens birth, a fire destroyed the hospital records and the maternity and nursery wards five years earlier, most of the staff on duty died in the fire. Robert and Keith trace Father Spiletto to St. Benedicts Abbey in Subiaco, stricken mute, blind in his right eye and paralyzed in his right arm, Spiletto writes the name of an ancient Etruscan cemetery in Cerveteri, where Damiens biological mother is buried. Robert and Keith find a carcass in the grave, and in the childs grave next to it. These are Damiens unnatural mother and the remains of the Thorns own child, Keith reiterates Father Brennans belief that Damien is the Antichrist, whose coming is being supported by a conspiracy of Satanists. A pack of dogs, similar to ones seen near the Thorns mansion, drive Robert. Back in London, Mrs. Baylock persuades a nurse to allow her access to Katherine, once inside the room, Mrs. Baylock pushes Katherine out of the window, causing her to fall into an ambulance truck, killing her
9.
Star Wars (film)
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Star Wars is a 1977 American epic space opera film written and directed by George Lucas. The first installment in the Star Wars film series, it stars Mark Hamill, Harrison Ford, Carrie Fisher, Peter Cushing, David Prowse, James Earl Jones, Anthony Daniels, Kenny Baker, and Peter Mayhew co-star in supporting roles. The plot focuses on the Rebel Alliance, led by Princess Leia, and its attempt to destroy the Galactic Empires space station and this conflict disrupts the isolated life of farmhand Luke Skywalker, who inadvertently acquires a pair of droids that possess stolen architectural plans for the Death Star. Star Wars was released theatrically in the United States on May 25,1977 and it earned $461 million in the U. S. and $314 million overseas, totaling $775 million. It surpassed Jaws to become the film of all time until the release of E. T. the Extra-Terrestrial. When adjusted for inflation, Star Wars is the film in North America. It received ten Academy Award nominations, winning seven and it was among the first films to be selected as part of the U. S. Library of Congress National Film Registry as being culturally, historically, at the time, it was the most recent film on the registry and the only one chosen from the 1970s. Its soundtrack was added to the U. S. National Recording Registry in 2004, today, it is often regarded as one of the best films of all time, as well as one of the most important films in the history of motion pictures. It launched an industry of tie-in products, including TV series spinoffs, novels, comic books, and video games, the films success led to two critically and commercially successful sequels, The Empire Strikes Back and Return of the Jedi. A prequel trilogy was released between 1999 and 2005, followed by a trilogy beginning in 2015. In 2016, Rogue One was released as a prequel to the original Star Wars film. The galaxy is in the midst of a civil war, spies for the Rebel Alliance have stolen plans to the Galactic Empires Death Star, a heavily armed space station capable of destroying an entire planet. Rebel leader Princess Leia has the plans, but her ship is captured by Imperial forces under the command of the evil Darth Vader, before she is captured, Leia hides the plans in the memory of an astromech droid, R2-D2, along with a holographic recording. R2-D2 flees to the surface of the desert planet Tatooine with C-3PO, the droids are captured by Jawa traders, who sell them to moisture farmers Owen and Beru Lars and their nephew Luke Skywalker. While cleaning R2-D2, Luke accidentally triggers part of Leias message, the next morning, Luke finds R2-D2 searching for Obi-Wan, and meets Ben Kenobi, an old hermit who lives in the hills and reveals himself to be Obi-Wan. Contrary to his uncles statements, Luke learns that his father, Anakin, Obi-Wan tells Luke that Vader was his former pupil who turned to the dark side of the Force and killed Anakin. Obi-Wan then presents to Luke his fathers weapon – a lightsaber, Obi-Wan views Leias complete message, in which she begs him to take the Death Star plans to her home planet of Alderaan and give them to her father for analysis
10.
The Lord of the Rings (1978 film)
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The Lord of the Rings is a 1978 American high fantasy animated film directed by Ralph Bakshi. It is an adaptation of J. R. R. Tolkiens high fantasy epic The Lord of the Rings, comprising The Fellowship of the Ring and the first half of The Two Towers. Set in Middle-earth, the film follows a group of hobbits, elves, men, dwarves and they embark on a quest to destroy the One Ring made by the Dark Lord Sauron, and ensure his destruction. The film is notable for its use of rotoscoping, a technique in which scenes are first shot in live-action. It uses a hybrid of traditional cel animation and rotoscoped live action footage, the screenplay was written by Peter S. Beagle, based on an earlier draft by Chris Conkling. Although Bakshis The Lord of the Rings was a success, it received mixed reactions from critics. Early in the Second Age of Middle-earth, elven smiths forge nine Rings of Power for mortal men, seven for the Dwarf-Lords, soon after, the Dark Lord Sauron makes the One Ring, and uses it to attempt to conquer Middle-earth. Following the Last Alliance of Elves and Mens fall, the Ring is seized by Prince Isildur, and after Isildur was killed by orcs, over time, Sauron captures the Nine Rings and creates the Ringwraiths. The One Ring is discovered by Déagol, whose friend, Sméagol, kills him, the Ring twists his body and mind, and he becomes the creature Gollum. Hundreds of years later, Bilbo Baggins finds the Ring in Gollums cave, years later, during Bilbos birthday celebration, the wizard Gandalf tells him to leave the Ring for his relative Frodo. Bilbo reluctantly agrees, and leaves the Shire, seventeen years pass, during which Gandalf learns that evil forces have discovered that the Ring is in the possession of a Baggins. Gandalf meets with Frodo to explain the Rings history and the danger it poses and he is accompanied by three hobbit friends, Pippin, Merry, and Sam. After a narrow escape from the Ringwraiths, the hobbits eventually come to Bree, Frodo is stabbed atop Weathertop mountain by the chief of the Ringwraiths, and becomes sickened as the journey progresses. The Ringwraiths catch up with them shortly after they meet the elf Legolas, and at a standoff at the ford of Rivendell, at Rivendell, Frodo is healed by Elrond. He meets Gandalf again, after the latter escapes Saruman, who plans to ally with Sauron, at a council, Bilbo, Gandalf, and others debate the One Ring, and Frodo volunteers to go to Mordor, where the Ring can be destroyed. Thereafter Frodo sets off from Rivendell with eight companions, Gandalf, Aragorn, Boromir, son of the Steward of Gondor, Legolas, Gimli the dwarf and their attempt to cross the Misty Mountains is foiled by heavy snow, and they are forced into Moria. There, they are attacked by orcs, and Gandalf falls into an abyss while battling a balrog, the remaining Fellowship continue through the elf-haven Lothlórien, where they meet the elf queen Galadriel. Boromir tries to take the Ring from Frodo, and Frodo continue his quest alone, Boromir is killed by orcs while trying to defend Merry and Pippin
11.
The Deer Hunter
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The three soldiers are played by Robert De Niro, Christopher Walken and John Savage, with John Cazale, Meryl Streep, and George Dzundza playing supporting roles. The story takes place in Clairton, Pennsylvania a small working class town on the Monongahela River south of Pittsburgh, and in Vietnam. The film was based in part on a screenplay called The Man Who Came to Play by Louis Garfinkle and Quinn K. Redeker, about Las Vegas. The film went over-budget and over-schedule, and ended up costing $15 million, the scenes depicting Russian roulette were highly controversial after the films release.100 Movies list. The opening scenes set the traits of the three main characters, the recurring theme of hunting with one shot, which is how Mike prefers to take down a deer, is introduced. Before the trio ships out, Steven and his girlfriend Angela, who is pregnant by another man, in the meantime, Mike works to control his feelings for Nicks girlfriend Linda. At the wedding held at the local VFW hall, the guys drink, dance, sing, and enjoy the festivities. Mike attempts to ask what Vietnam is like, but the soldier ignores him, after Mike explains that he, Steven, and Nick are going to Vietnam, the Green Beret raises his glass and says fuck it. After being restrained by the others from starting a fight, Mike goes back to the bar and, in a mocking jest to the soldier, raises his glass, the soldier then glances over at Mike and grins. Later, Steven and Angela drink from conjoined goblets, a part of the Orthodox wedding ceremony. It is believed that if they drink without spilling any wine, two drops of blood-red wine unknowingly spill on her wedding gown. After Linda catches the bouquet, Nick asks her to marry him. Later that night, a drunken Mike runs through the town, after Nick chases him down, he begs Mike not to leave him over there if anything happens in combat. The next day, Mike, Nick, Stan, John, Mike is exasperated by his friends, especially Stan, who drinks and clowns, showing little respect for the ritual of hunting, which to Mike is a nearly sacred experience. Only Nick understands Mikes attitude, but he is more indulgent toward his friends, Mike goes hunting afterwards and kills a deer with one, clean shot. Act one finishes with the friends arriving back at Welshs bar and they enter rambunctiously, spraying beers over each other and singing loudly. Welsh then makes his way to a piano and begins playing methodically as the others sit quietly and they sit in silence, strewn all over the bar, as their friend plays Chopins Nocturne No.6 Op. 15-3, a peaceful, yet ominous melody. The film then abruptly to war-torn Vietnam, where U. S. helicopters attack a Communist-occupied village with napalm
12.
The Empire Strikes Back
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The Empire Strikes Back is a 1980 American epic space opera film directed by Irvin Kershner. Leigh Brackett and Lawrence Kasdan wrote the screenplay, with George Lucas writing the films story, the film is set three years after Star Wars. The Galactic Empire, under the leadership of the villainous Darth Vader and the Emperor, is in pursuit of Luke Skywalker, while Vader chases a small band of Lukes friends—Han Solo, Princess Leia Organa, and others—across the galaxy, Luke studies the Force under Jedi Master Yoda. When Vader captures Lukes friends, Luke must decide whether to complete his training and become a full Jedi Knight or to confront Vader, following a difficult production, The Empire Strikes Back was released on May 21,1980. The film ranks #3 on Empires 2008 list of the 500 greatest movies of all time and it became the highest-grossing film of 1980 and, to date, has earned more than $538 million worldwide from its original run and several re-releases. When adjusted for inflation, it is the sequel of all time. The film was followed by a sequel, titled Return of the Jedi, in 2010, the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress for being culturally, historically, and aesthetically significant. Three years after the destruction of the Death Star, the Rebel Alliance has been driven from their base on Yavin IV by the Galactic Empire. The Rebels, led by Princess Leia, have set up their new base on the ice planet Hoth, the Imperial fleet, led by Darth Vader, continues to hunt for the Rebels’ new base by dispatching probe droids across the galaxy. While investigating a meteor strike, Luke Skywalker is injured and captured by a wampa. He manages to escape from its cave with his lightsaber, the ghost of his late mentor, Obi-Wan Kenobi, instructs him to go to the Dagobah system to train under Jedi Master Yoda. He is found by Han Solo, who kills his tauntaun, Han and Luke make it through the night and are rescued by a search party. On patrol, Han and Chewbacca discover the meteor Luke had planned to investigate is actually a probe droid, the Empire launches a large-scale attack, using AT-AT Walkers to capture the base. Despite heavy resistance, the Walkers destroy the shield generator. Han and Leia escape on the Millennium Falcon with C-3PO and Chewbacca and they hide in an asteroid field, where Han and Leia grow closer, and eventually, kiss. Vader summons bounty hunters, including the notorious Boba Fett, to assist in finding the Falcon, Luke, meanwhile, escapes with R2-D2 in his X-wing fighter and crash-lands on the swamp planet Dagobah. He meets a creature who is revealed to be Yoda, after conferring with Obi-Wans spirit. Yoda trains Luke as a Jedi and raises his sunken ship from the swamp with the power of the Force, after evading the Empire, Han sets a course for Cloud City, a floating colony in the skies of the gas giant planet Bespin
13.
Raging Bull
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Also featured in the film are Joe Pesci as Joey, LaMottas well-intentioned brother and manager who tries to help Jake battle his inner demons, and Cathy Moriarty as his wife. The film features supporting roles from Nicholas Colasanto, Theresa Saldana, Scorsese was initially reluctant to develop the project, though he eventually came to relate to LaMottas story. Schrader re-wrote Martins first screenplay, and Scorsese and De Niro together made uncredited contributions thereafter, Pesci was an unknown actor prior to the film, as was Moriarty, who was suggested for her role by Pesci. During principal photography, each of the scenes was choreographed for a specific visual style. Scorsese was exacting in the process of editing and mixing the film, despite receiving mixed initial reviews, it went on to garner a high critical reputation, and is now often regarded as among Scorseses best works and the greatest films ever made. In 1990, it became the first film to be selected for preservation in the National Film Registry in its first year of eligibility, in a brief scene in 1964, an aging, overweight Italian American, Jake LaMotta, practices a comedy routine. In 1941, LaMotta is in a boxing match against Jimmy Reeves. Jakes brother Joey LaMotta discusses a potential shot for the title with one of his Mafia connections. Some time thereafter, Jake spots a 15-year-old girl named Vikki at a swimming pool in his Bronx neighborhood. He eventually pursues a relationship with her, even though he is already married, in 1943, Jake defeats Sugar Ray Robinson, and has a rematch three weeks later. Jake constantly worries about Vikki having feelings for men, particularly when she makes an off-hand comment about Tony Janiro. His jealousy is evident when he brutally defeats Janiro in front of the local Mob boss, Tommy Como, as Joey discusses the victory with journalists at the Copacabana, he is distracted by seeing Vikki approach a table with Salvy and his crew. Joey speaks with Vikki, who says she is giving up on his brother, blaming Salvy, Joey viciously attacks him in a fight that spills outside of the club. Como later orders them to apologize, and has Joey tell Jake that if he wants a chance at the championship title, in a match against Billy Fox, after briefly pummeling his opponent, Jake does not even bother to put up a fight. He is suspended shortly thereafter from the board on suspicion of throwing the fight and he is eventually reinstated, and in 1949, wins the middleweight championship title against Marcel Cerdan. A year later, Jake asks Joey if he fought with Salvy at the Copacabana because of Vikki, Jake then asks if Joey had an affair with her, Joey refuses to answer, insults Jake, and leaves. Jake directly asks Vikki about the affair, and when she hides him in the bathroom, he breaks down the door. Jake angrily walks to Joeys house, with Vikki following him, estranged from Joey, Jakes career begins to decline slowly and he eventually loses his title to Sugar Ray Robinson in their final encounter in 1951
14.
Once Upon a Time in America
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Once Upon a Time in America is a 1984 Italian-American epic crime drama film co-written and directed by Italian filmmaker Sergio Leone and starring Robert De Niro and James Woods. Based on Harry Greys novel The Hoods, it chronicles the lives of Jewish ghetto youths who rise to prominence in New York Citys world of organized crime. The film explores themes of friendships, love, lust, greed, betrayal, loss, broken relationships. It was the film of Leones career and the first feature film he had directed in 13 years. The cinematography was by Tonino Delli Colli, and the score by Ennio Morricone. Leone originally envisaged two three-hour films, then a single 269-minute version, but was convinced by distributors to shorten it to 229 minutes, the American distributors, The Ladd Company, further shortened it to 139 minutes, and rearranged the scenes into chronological order, without Leones involvement. The shortened version was a critical and commercial flop in the United States, the original European cut has remained a critical favorite and frequently appears in lists of the greatest gangster films of all time. The film is presented in order, from 1920 to 1968. The specific scenes and their order vary from version to version, the following description is that of the films full European cut. The film begins in medias res with gangsters entering an Indonesian puppet theater, the proprietors slip into a hidden opium den and warn a man named Noodles, but he pays no attention. In a flashback, he watches the police remove three disfigured corpses from a street and he successfully kills one of the three thugs that are after him but learns that the thugs have murdered his girlfriend while looking for him and finds that someone else has stolen his money. David Noodles Aaronson struggles as a kid in the Jewish ghetto on the Lower East Side of Manhattan in 1920. He and his friends Patrick Patsy Goldberg, Phillip Cockeye Stein, planning to rob a drunk at the moment a passing truck hides them from a policeman, theyre foiled by the older Max Bercovicz, who jumps off of the truck to rob the man himself. Noodles confronts Max but a crooked policeman steals the watch they were fighting over, the boys establish a suitcase money fund, which they hide in a locker at the railway station, giving the key to Fat Moe, a reliable friend whos not part of the operation. Noodles is in love with Fat Moes sister Deborah, who aspires to be a dancer, one day, Bugsy ambushes the boys and shoots little Dominic, who dies in Noodles arms, who then stabs Bugsy to death and injures a police officer who tried to intervene. Noodles is arrested, and sentenced to 12 years in prison, an adult Noodles is released from jail in 1932 and is reacquainted with his old gang, Max, Patsy, and Cockeye, who are now major players in the bootlegging industry during Prohibition. Noodles reunites with Deborah and tries to rekindle their relationship, meanwhile, during a robbery, the gang meets Carol who soon becomes Maxs girlfriend. The gang prospers from bootlegging under Prohibition, and providing muscle for union boss Jimmy Conway ODonnell, Noodles tries to impress Deborah on an extravagant date, and rapes her on their way home in a limousine, after which he becomes remorseful
15.
Graphic designer
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A graphic designer is a professional within the graphic design and graphic arts industry who assembles together images, typography, or motion graphics to create a piece of design. A graphic designer creates the graphics primarily for published, printed or electronic media, such as brochures and they are also sometimes responsible for typesetting, illustration, user interfaces, and web design. A core responsibility of the job is to present information in a way that is both accessible and memorable. A degree or certificate from a trade school is usually considered essential for a graphic design position. After a career history has been established, though, the designers experience. A portfolio, which is the method for demonstrating these qualifications, is usually required to be shown at job interviews. One can obtain an AAS, BA, BFA, BCA, degree programs available vary depending upon the institution, although typical U. S. graphic design jobs require at least some form of degree. Current graphic designer jobs demand proficiency in one or more graphic design software programs, a common software package used in the graphic design industry is Adobe Creative Cloud. This software package contains the three main programs used by designers, which are Photoshop, Illustrator and InDesign. Photoshop, InDesign, and Illustrator are the standard applications for many graphic design positions. Another example of a software package is CorelDraw Graphics Suite. Outside the graphic design industry, many people use Microsoft Word or Microsoft Publisher to create a layout or design, however, depending on the job at hand, most designers create the layout in either InDesign, CorelDRAW or QuarkXPress. Specifically, the designer will type or import the text in the program, also importing the graphics. There are a couple of reasons a designer builds a layout in this fashion, as a result, the file size can become very large, depending upon the photos and graphics used in it. By using a program and linking these graphics and images. When the designer is ready to go to press, s/he will either create a press-ready PDF, or use the Package function in InDesign, InDesign, CorelDRAW, or QuarkXPress make it possible to work with large multiple page layouts, such as catalogs and booklets. A web designer should understand how to work with XML, HTML, a print designer should understand the processes involved in printing to be able to produce press-ready artwork. Designers should be able to solve visual communication problems or challenges, in doing so, the designer must identify the communications issue, gather and analyze information related to the issue, and generate potential approaches aimed at solving the problem
16.
Fort Jackson (South Carolina)
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Fort Jackson is a United States Army installation, which TRADOC operates on for Basic Combat Training, and is located next to Columbia, South Carolina. This installation is named for Andrew Jackson, a United States Army General, Fort Jackson was created in 1917 as the United States entered World War I. At the conclusion of World War I, Camp Jackson was shut down,33, War Department,27 July 1921. Camp Jackson was reactivated for World War II, Fort Jackson is the largest and most active Initial Entry Training Center in the U. S. Army, training 50 percent of all soldiers and 60 percent of the women entering the Army each year. Providing the Army with new soldiers is the primary mission. 35,000 potential soldiers attend basic training and 8,000 advanced individual training soldiers train at Fort Jackson annually, Soldiers who have trained or worked at Fort Jackson live by the bases motto, Victory Starts Here. The training is provided by the 165th, 171st, and 193rd Infantry Brigades Monday through Sunday for a ten-week period, the post has other missions as well. Fort Jackson encompasses more than 52,000 acres of land, including 100 ranges and field training sites, Soldiers, civilians, retirees and family members make up the Fort Jackson community that continues to grow in numbers and facilities. An additional 10,000 soldiers attend courses at the Soldier Support Institute, Chaplain Center and School,12,000 military families make Fort Jackson their home. Close to 3,500 civilians are employed at Fort Jackson and 46, 000-plus retirees, on base, visitors can visit the U. S. Army Basic Combat Training Museum, previously known as Fort Jackson Museum when opened in 1974. The museum helps visitors to learn the history of Fort Jackson since created in 1917, admission into the Combat Training Museum is open Monday through Friday, except for Federal Holidays, and admission is free. Located in the heart of the region of South Carolina. Columbia has direct access to three interstate highways, I-20, I-26 and I-77, and indirect access to two additional interstates within 100 miles, I-95 and I-85. Average temperatures in the range from a high of 90+ °F in July to a low of 34 °F in January. Annual rainfall averages around 48 inches, the fort has a significant economic impact on the local area. Annual expenditures by Fort Jackson exceed $716.9 million for salaries, utilities, contracts, in addition, over 100,000 family members visit the Midlands area each year to attend basic training graduation activities, using local hotels, restaurants and shopping areas. In the 1994 film Renaissance Man, starring Danny DeVito, Mark Wahlberg, desmond Doss, Medal of Honor recipient Leonard Nimoy, actor, writer, film director, poet, musician, and photographer was in the Special Services division and was sergeant over Corporal Ken Berry. Joe Plumeri, Chairman & CEO of Willis Group Holdings, geoff Ramsey, film producer, actor, photojournalist served in Kuwait Clayton, K. B
17.
Columbia, South Carolina
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Columbia is the capital and largest city of the U. S. state of South Carolina, with a population of 133,803 as of 2015. The city serves as the county seat of Richland County, the name Columbia is a poetic term used for the United States, originating from the name of Christopher Columbus. The city is located approximately 13 miles northwest of the center of South Carolina. It lies at the confluence of the Saluda River and the Broad River, in 1860, the city was the location of the South Carolina Secession Convention, which marked the departure of the first state from the Union in the events leading up to the Civil War. At the time of European encounter, the inhabitants of the area that became Columbia were a people called the Congaree, in May 1540, a Spanish expedition led by Hernando de Soto traversed what is now Columbia while moving northward. The expedition produced the earliest written records of the area. From the creation of Columbia by the South Carolina General Assembly in 1786, the Congarees, a frontier fort on the west bank of the Congaree River, was the head of navigation in the Santee River system. A ferry was established by the government in 1754 to connect the fort with the growing settlements on the higher ground on the east bank. Like many other significant early settlements in colonial America, Columbia is on the line from the Piedmont region. The fall line is the spot where a river becomes unnavigable when sailing upstream, State Senator John Lewis Gervais of the town of Ninety Six introduced a bill that was approved by the legislature on March 22,1786, to create a new state capital. There was considerable argument over the name for the new city, according to published accounts, Senator Gervais said he hoped that in this town we should find refuge under the wings of COLUMBIA, for that was the name which he wished it to be called. One legislator insisted on the name Washington, but Columbia won by a vote of 11–7 in the state senate, the site was chosen as the new state capital in 1786, due to its central location in the state. The State Legislature first met there in 1790, after remaining under the direct government of the legislature for the first two decades of its existence, Columbia was incorporated as a village in 1805 and then as a city in 1854. Columbia received a stimulus to development when it was connected in a direct water route to Charleston by the Santee Canal. This canal connected the Santee and Cooper rivers in a 22-mile-long section and it was first chartered in 1786 and completed in 1800, making it one of the earliest canals in the United States. With increased railroad traffic, it ceased operation around 1850, the commissioners designed a town of 400 blocks in a 2-mile square along the river. The blocks were divided into lots of 0.5 acres and sold to speculators, buyers had to build a house at least 30 feet long and 18 feet wide within three years or face an annual 5% penalty. The perimeter streets and two streets were 150 feet wide
18.
Editorial cartoonist
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An editorial cartoonist, also known as a political cartoonist, is an artist who draws editorial cartoons that contain some level of political or social commentary. Their cartoons are used to convey and question an aspect of daily news or current affairs in a national or international context, Political cartoonists generally adopt a caricaturist style of drawing, to capture the likeness of a politician or subject. They may also employ humor or satire to ridicule an individual or group, Editorial cartoons are not usually found in the dedicated comic section, although certain cartoons or comic strips have achieved crossover status. Historically, these are quick, hand-drawn ink drawings, scanned and reproduced in black and white, the introduction of color came later, and more recently the use of digital drawing tools are a popular and efficient way to produce work quickly for newspaper deadlines. Historically, these artists have roots in ancient art forms, such as the painting of Early Man, or the hieroglyphics of Egypt. The rise of comic journalism online, which combines the comic strip format as a means to relay a story in more depth, is very effective in a vertical web format. As visual journalists, they can tell a story in a way, with words. Because an editorial cartoonist expresses an idea visually, with little or no text or words, in the United States, there are more than a hundred published editorial cartoonists, from both sides of the Republican-Democrat divide. In India, the most common and popular form of commentary is the pocket cartoon. R. K. Laxman, Sudhir Dar, Mario Miranda, E. P. Unny, Shekhar Gurera, Ajit Ninan are some of the editorial cartoonists. A political cartoonists aim is often to encourage debate, they can also fuel controversy and their work can expose corrupt or abusive regimes, governments or political groups, and therefore often put themselves and their publishers at risk. In 2005, Danish cartoonist Kurt Westergaard received numerous threats and was attacked in his home by man with an axe. In 2015, the French satirical magazine Charlie Hebdos offices were attacked by two Islamist gunmen in reaction to publishing cartoons of the Prophet Muhammad, twelve employees were killed, including staff cartoonists Charb, Cabu, Honoré, Tignous and Wolinski. The Cartoonists Rights Network International awards the annual Courage in Editorial Cartooning Award to political cartoonists who show bravery and risk their own safety to publish their work. In 2015, this accolade was awarded to Atena Farghadani of Iran, there is a Pulitzer Prize awarded every year for Americas top editorial cartoonist — as decided by a panel of senior media industry professionals and media academics. Association of American Editorial Cartoonists, The largest organization of political cartoonists, have over 300 members worldwide, national Cartoonists Society, welcomes editorial cartoonists in the United States. Cartoonists Rights Network International, It helps cartoonists who are exiled, jailed or in danger of persecution, attack of the Political Cartoonists, written by J. P. Trostle, was published in 2004 and includes profiles of 150 mainstream American and Canadian cartoonists. And the 3-volume Attitude series includes some of the cartoonists who have appeared in alternative newspapers and online — see Attitude
19.
Freelance
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A freelancer or freelance worker is a term commonly used for a person who is self-employed and is not necessarily committed to a particular employer long-term. 20% of freelancers listed their primary skills as design, next on the list was translating, web development, and marketing. Elance, a web platform that connects freelancers with contractors, surveyed its members, depending on the industry, freelance work practices vary and have changed over time. In some industries such as consulting, freelancers may require clients to sign written contracts, while in journalism or writing, freelancers may work for free or do work on spec to build their reputations or a relationship with a publication. Some freelancers may provide written estimates of work and request deposits from clients, payment for freelance work also depends on industry, skills, and experience. Freelancers may charge by the day, hour, a piece rate, instead of a flat rate or fee, some freelancers have adopted a value-based pricing method based on the perceived value of the results to the client. By custom, payment arrangements may be upfront, percentage upfront, for more complex projects, a contract may set a payment schedule based on milestones or outcomes. One of the drawbacks of freelancing is that there is no guaranteed payment, in writing and other artistic fields, freelance and its derivative terms are often reserved for workers who create works on their own initiative and then seek a publisher. They typically retain the copyright to their works and sell the rights to publishers in time-limited contracts, traditionally, works would be submitted to publishers, where they would become part of the slushpile, and would either elicit an offer to buy or a rejection slip. People who create intellectual property under a work for hire situation are sometimes referred to as independent contractors or other similar terms. Creators give up their rights to their works in a made for hire situation. The protection of the property rights that give the creator of the work are considered to have been sold into a work for hire agreement. Of employees, however in a rather than employment relationship. The total number of freelancers in USA is inexact, as the most recent governmental report on independent contractors was published in 2005 by the U. S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics. At that time, there were approximately 10.3 million United States workers employed as independent contractors of all sorts, in 2011, Jeffrey Eisenach, an economist at George Mason University, estimated that number of freelancers had grown by one million. The total number of freelancers in UK is also inexact, however and it has been estimated that there are approximately 1.7 million freelancers in the UK, however. Freelancing is a form of work. The 2012 Freelance Industry Report estimates that more than 71% of freelancers are women between the ages of 30 and 50, surveys of other specific areas of freelancing have similar trends
20.
La Strada
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La Strada is a 1954 Italian drama film directed by Federico Fellini from his own screenplay co-written with Tullio Pinelli and Ennio Flaiano. The film portrays a young woman bought from her mother by a brutish strongman who takes her with him on the road, encounters with his rival the Fool. Fellini has called La Strada a complete catalogue of my entire mythological world, as a result, the film demanded more time and effort than any of his other works, before or since. The development process was long and tortuous, there were various problems during production, including financial backing, problematic casting. Finally, just before shooting was completed, Fellini suffered a breakdown that necessitated medical treatment in order to complete principal photography. Subsequently, however, La Strada has become one of the most influential films ever made and it won the inaugural Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film in 1957. It was placed fourth in the 1992 British Film Institute directors list of cinemas top 10 films, Gelsomina, a credulous young woman, learns that her sister Rosa has died since going on the road with the strongman Zampanò. Now the same man has returned a year later to ask her mother if Gelsomina will take Rosas place, the mother accepts 10,000 lire, and her daughter departs the same day. Zampanò makes his living as an itinerant street performer, entertaining crowds by breaking an iron chain bound tightly across his chest, in short order, Gelsominas naïve and antic nature emerges, with Zampanòs brutish methods presenting a callous foil. He teaches her to play the drum and trumpet, dance a bit. Despite her willingness to please, he relies on intimidation and even cruelty at times to maintain his domination, finally, she rebels and leaves, making her way into town. There she watches the act of another street entertainer, Il Matto, when Zampanò finds her there, he forcibly takes her back. They join a travelling circus where Il Matto already works. Il Matto teases the strongman at every opportunity, though he cannot explain what motivates him to do so, after Il Matto drenches Zampanò with a pail of water, Zampanò chases after his tormentor with his knife drawn. As a result, he is jailed and both men are eventually fired from the travelling circus. Gelsominas difficulties with her forced partnership are the subject of frequent soul searching, a nun suggests that Gelsominas purpose in life is comparable to her own. But, when Gelsomina offers Zampanò marriage, he brushes her off, the separate paths of fool and strongman cross for the last time on an empty stretch of road, when Zampanò comes upon Il Matto fixing a flat tire. As Gelsomina watches in horror, the strongman strikes the clown on the several times
21.
And God Created Woman (1956 film)
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And God Created Woman is a French drama film directed by Roger Vadim and starring Brigitte Bardot. Though not her first film, it is recognized as the vehicle that launched Bardot into the public spotlight and immediately created her sex kitten persona. An English-language remake of the film was directed by Vadim and released in 1988, Juliette is an 18-year-old orphan with a high level of sexual energy. These factors cause a stir and attract the attentions of most of the men around her and her first suitor is the much older and wealthy Eric Carradine. He wants to build a new casino in town, but his plans are blocked by a shipyard on the stretch of land which he needs for the development. Antoine, the eldest Tardieu son, returns home for the weekend to discuss the situation and his intentions are short-term, and he spurns her by leaving town without her. Tiring of her antics, Juliettes guardians threaten to send her back to the orphanage. To keep her in town, Carradine pleads with Antoine to marry her, which he laughs off, despite being in love with his older brother, she accepts. When Antoine is contracted to return home for good, the trouble starts for the newlyweds, in a huff, Juliette takes off in a boat belonging to the family, gets in trouble, and has to be saved by Antoine. The pair are washed up on a beach, and make love. She takes to her bed, claiming to have a fever and she confesses to Michels little brother Christian about her fling with Antoine on the beach. Maman hears about it, tells Michel when he comes home, Michel goes to their room to talk with Juliette, but she has gone off to the Bar des Amis to drink and dance. Michel goes looking for her, but Antoine locks him inside, Michel tries to shoot the lock away, but it doesnt work. He winds up having to fight his brother for the key, Juliettes friend Lucienne calls Eric to tell him how bizarre Juliette is acting, and Eric comes over to collect her, but Juliette refuses to go. Eventually, Michel catches up with Juliette at the Bar, but she refuses to talk with him. Michel orders her to stop, but she pays him no heed, just as hes about to shoot her, Eric steps in and takes a bullet in his hand. Antoine offers to drive Eric to a doctor, and they leave the Bar, Michel angrily slaps Juliette four times, and Juliette smiles at him. On their way to the doctor, Eric tells Antoine that hes going to him out of St Tropez
22.
Caricature
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A caricature is a rendered image showing the features of its subject in a simplified or exaggerated way through sketching, pencil strokes, or through other artistic drawings. In literature, a caricature is a description of a person using exaggeration of some characteristics, Caricatures can be insulting or complimentary and can serve a political purpose or be drawn solely for entertainment. Caricatures of politicians are commonly used in cartoons, while caricatures of movie stars are often found in entertainment magazines. The term is derived from the Italian caricare—to charge or load, an early definition occurs in the English doctor Thomas Brownes Christian Morals, published posthumously in 1716. Expose not thy self by four-footed manners unto monstrous draughts, with the footnote, When Mens faces are drawn with resemblance to some other Animals, the Italians call it, to be drawn in Caricatura Thus, the word caricature essentially means a loaded portrait. Some of the earliest caricatures are found in the works of Leonardo da Vinci, the point was to offer an impression of the original which was more striking than a portrait. Caricature took a road to its first successes in the aristocratic circles of France and Italy. These caricatures were the work of Brig. -Gen, george Townshend whose caricatures of British General James Wolfe, depicted as Deformed and crass and hideous, were drawn to amuse fellow officers. Elsewhere, two great practitioners of the art of caricature in 18th-century Britain were Thomas Rowlandson and James Gillray, Rowlandson was more of an artist and his work took its inspiration mostly from the public at large. Gillray was more concerned with the vicious visual satirisation of political life and they were, however, great friends and caroused together in the pubs of London. In a lecture titled The History and Art of Caricature, the British caricaturist Ted Harrison said that the caricaturist can choose to either mock or wound the subject with an effective caricature. Drawing caricatures can simply be a form of entertainment and amusement – in which case gentle mockery is in order – or the art can be employed to make a social or political point. A caricaturist draws on the characteristics of the subject, the acquired characteristics. Sir Max Beerbohm, created and published caricatures of the men of his own time. His style of single-figure caricatures in formalized groupings was established by 1896 and his published works include Caricatures of Twenty-five Gentlemen, The Poets Corner, and Rossetti and His Circle. He published widely in magazines of the time, and his works were exhibited regularly in London at the Carfax Gallery. George Cruikshank created political prints that attacked the family and leading politicians. He went on to create caricatures of British life for popular publications such as The Comic Almanack
23.
The Golden Age of Comedy
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The Golden Age of Comedy is a compilation of silent comedy films from the Mack Sennett and Hal Roach studios, written and produced by Robert Youngson. Youngson had previously produced several award-winning short documentaries beforehand, and this was the first compilation of its kind in feature-length form. Initially, the film was distributed by an independent company, Distributors Corporation of America, before being taken up by one of Hollywoods best known film studios. The films commercial success led Youngson to follow suit with other silent film compilations over the next decade. The film is regarded as particularly bringing Laurel and Hardy back into the publics notice after years of obscurity. The film was released on DVD for the first time in the United States in 2007 and its main musical theme is derived from Chopins Etude Op.10, No. The film is divided into nine separate acts, each with their own title card, act One - The Laugh Factory. Films included are The Hollywood Kid, Wandering Willies, Musclebound Music, Wall Street Blues, act Two - Nobody Liked Them But The Public. Laurel and Hardy comedies, including Habeas Corpus, The Second Hundred Years, We Faw Down, act Three - The Cowboy Who Became a Legend. Featuring Will Rogers in Uncensored Movies, act Four - Two Unforgotten Girls. Featuring Carole Lombard in Run Girl Run and Jean Harlow in the Laurel, act Five - The Great Actor. Highlighting Ben Turpin in several shorts he made for Mack Sennett, act Six - A Comedy Classic. Act Seven - So Funny, So Sad, an extract from a Harry Langdon comedy, The Luck O The Foolish. Several examples of humour from animals such as dogs, cats and lions, with Billy Bevan, Charley Chase, Andy Clyde, Harry Gribbon, titles featured include The Sting of Stings and Nip and Tuck. Finale - Two Men On a Street, the shin-kicking, pants-ripping street battle sequence from Laurel and Hardys Youre Darn Tootin. Narrated by Dwight Weist and Ward Wilson Music By George Steiner Written and Produced by Robert Youngson The Golden Age of Comedy at the Internet Movie Database
24.
Murder Ahoy!
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Murder Ahoy. is the last of four Miss Marple films made by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer that starred Margaret Rutherford. As in the three, the actress plays Agatha Christies amateur sleuth Miss Jane Marple, with Charles Bud Tingwell as Inspector Craddock. The film was made in 1964 and directed by George Pollock, with David Pursall, the music was by Ron Goodwin. Location shots included Denham Village and St Mawes, Cornwall and it does, however, employ elements of the Miss Marple story They Do It With Mirrors. That is the only element borrowed into the film from a Christie story, there is also an entirely tongue-in-cheek reference to The Mousetrap, the Christie play that has been running continuously on the West End since 1952. She then notes that say no more – otherwise, Ill spoil it for you. Shortly after joining the board of management of the Trust, Miss Marple witnesses the death of a fellow trustee. She manages to obtain a sample of his snuff, which is found to have been poisoned. She visits the ship, much to the distress of the Captain and crew and her first night on board, one of the officers is murdered – run through with a sword and then hanged. As the police investigation proceeds, the assistant matron is killed, Miss Marple sets a trap by pretending to be left alone at night on the deserted ship, but secretly smuggling in Chief Inspector Craddock and his assistant, Sgt. She finds a large sum of money hidden in a cannon which turns out to have been embezzled by Commander Breeze-Connington and it was protected by a poisoned mousetrap. After the commander appears and admits all, Miss Marple calls out to the inspector to make the arrest. Miss Marple and Breeze-Connington engage in a fencing match, before she is disarmed. Just as he is about to administer the coup de grace, however, he is hit over the head from behind by Mr. Stringer who, the finale is a court martial for Captain Rhumstone who has been accused of mismanagement. Seeing the hilt of the sword toward him, he thinks he has been found guilty but is corrected by Miss Marple. Nevertheless, he announces that he must resign just the same because Matron wants to get married, and so does he. He fully realises that it is a rule of the trust that there should be no hanky-panky between the sexes on board ship, so he makes his farewell and turns to go. Miss Marple stops him, saying, I think I speak for my fellow trustees when I say that golden rule is hereby rescinded, youre a fine sea dog captain, but it seems to me the Battledore could do with a womans hand at the helm
25.
School for Scoundrels (1960 film)
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School for Scoundrels is a 1960 British comedy film, directed by Robert Hamer, starring Ian Carmichael and Terry-Thomas, and inspired by the Gamesmanship series of books by Stephen Potter. It has been remade twice, in Bollywood in 1975 under the title Chhoti Si Baat, henry Palfrey is a failure in sport and love, and the easy victim of conmen and employees alike. So he enrolls at the School of Lifemanship in Yeovil, run by Dr. Potter. Late for his appointment, he overhears Potter explaining the principles of lifemanship to the new intake, Well, gentlemen and it is the art of making him feel that somewhere, somehow he has become less than you – less desirable, less worthy – less blessed. Palfrey is given a lesson in this when he has his interview with Potter. When Palfrey explains that he is a failure, Potter surmises that a woman is involved, in flashback, Palfrey recounts how he first met April Smith, knocking parcels from her hands when he rushes to catch a bus. He manages to arrange a date with her. When Palfrey shows up at work, his employees are unconcerned. They pay much more respect to his clerk, Gloatbridge. In private, Gloatbridge is patronising toward his erstwhile boss, making the business decisions, Palfrey asks him to make a dinner reservation, and has to fend off Gloatbridges unwanted restaurant suggestion. That night at the restaurant, the head waiter cannot find Palfreys booking at first, he does finally locate it under a different name. As Delauney has a sports car, Palfrey tries to counter by purchasing an automobile of his own. However, two salesmen sell him a ramshackle 1924 Swiftmobile, to further his humiliation of his rival, Delauney suggests a friendly tennis match. The film then returns to the school, over the next several weeks, Palfrey proves to be an apt pupil in learning various ploys to gain the upper hand. The next phase of his education involves a field test of his new skills, Palfrey convinces the car salesmen that his car, after some tune-up, is now a valuable and sought-after vehicle. They trade him a car and £100 for his Swiftmobile. After putting Gloatbridge in his place, Palfrey challenges Delauney to a rematch, using some stratagems, he thoroughly frustrates his foe before they even start playing. Then, with April watching, Palfrey proceeds to win the set 6-0, April becomes disgusted with Delauneys behaviour afterward and drives off with Palfrey
26.
Mad (magazine)
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Mad is an American humor magazine founded in 1952 by editor Harvey Kurtzman and publisher William Gaines, launched as a comic book before it became a magazine. As of January 2017, Mad has published 544 regular issues, as well as hundreds of reprint Specials, original material paperbacks, compilation books and other print projects. The magazine is the last surviving title from the EC Comics line, offering satire on all aspects of life and popular culture, politics, entertainment and its format is divided into a number of recurring segments such as TV and movie parodies, as well as freeform articles. Mads mascot, Alfred E. Neuman, is typically the point of the magazines cover. Mad began as a book published by EC, debuting in August 1952. In the early 1960s, the Mad office moved to 485 Madison Avenue, the title is trademarked in capitals as MAD. The first issue was written almost entirely by Harvey Kurtzman, and featured illustrations by Kurtzman, along with Wally Wood, Will Elder, Jack Davis, Wood, Elder, and Davis were the three main illustrators throughout the 23-issue run of the comic book. To retain Kurtzman as its editor, the comic book converted to magazine format as of issue #24, the switchover only induced Kurtzman to remain for one more year, but crucially, the move had removed Mad from the strictures of the Comics Code Authority. The magazines circulation more than quadrupled during Feldsteins tenure, peaking at 2,132,655 in 1974, when Feldstein retired in 1984, he was replaced by the team of Nick Meglin and John Ficarra, who co-edited Mad for the next two decades. Since Meglins retirement in 2004, Ficarra has continued to edit the magazine, Gaines sold his company in the early 1960s to the Kinney Parking Company, which also acquired National Periodicals and Warner Bros. by the end of that decade. Gaines was named a Kinney board member, and was permitted to run Mad as he saw fit without corporate interference. Following Gaines death, Mad became more ingrained within the Time Warner corporate structure, eventually, the magazine was obliged to abandon its long-time home at 485 Madison Avenue, and in the mid-1990s it moved into DC Comics offices at the same time that DC relocated to 1700 Broadway. In 2001, the magazine broke its long-standing taboo and began running paid advertising, the outside revenue allowed the introduction of color printing and improved paper stock. In its earliest incarnation, new issues of the magazine appeared erratically, by the end of 1958, Mad had settled on an unusual eight-times-a-year schedule, which lasted almost four decades. Gaines felt the timing was necessary to maintain the magazines level of quality. Mad then began producing additional issues, until it reached a monthly schedule with the January 1997 issue. With its 500th issue, amid company-wide cutbacks at Time Warner, though there are antecedents to Mads style of humor in print, radio and film, Mad became a pioneering example of it. Bob and Ray, Kovacs and Freberg all became contributors to Mad, Mads consciousness of itself, as trash, as comic book, as enemy of parents and teachers, even as money-making enterprise, thrilled kids
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Mort Drucker
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Mort Drucker is an American caricaturist and comics artist best known as a contributor for over five decades in Mad, where he specialized in satires on the leading feature films and television series. Some sources list his date as March 22 and others as March 29. In a 1985 Tonight Show appearance, when Johnny Carson asked Michael J. Fox, Fox replied, When Mort Drucker drew my head. Born in Brooklyn, New York City, Drucker attended Brooklyns Erasmus Hall High School, there he met his future wife Barbara, whom he married shortly after her graduation. The couple moved to Long Island, living in Woodbury, where brought up two daughters, Laurie and Melanie, their family eventually expanded with three grandchildren. Drucker entered the field by assisting Bert Whitman on the newspaper comic strip Debbie Dean in 1947 when he was 18. He then joined the staff of National Periodical Publications, where he worked as a retoucher, while at DC, Drucker also ghosted The Mountain Boys, Paul Webbs regular gag panel for Esquire Magazine. In the fall of 1956, shortly after the departure of Mads founding editor Harvey Kurtzman, capricious though Druckers alleged audition process may have been, it made for a good anecdote. Years later, Gaines unsurprisingly confessed, We would have hired him anyway, by the time he wound down his Mad career 55 years later, Drucker held the longest uninterrupted tenure of any Mad artist. Drucker has the most bylined articles by any Mad artist who does not also write his own material, though this work was unlike the likenesses and continuities he would become best known for, the Mad staff reacted favorably. The first to review Druckers portfolio was Mad associate editor Nick Meglin, but then, he wasnt that great then. Drucker himself says that he just wanted to be an artist, to get paid for drawing anything, and only started focusing on caricature work because he started getting more and more of those assignments. Thats when I realized Id found my calling, said Drucker, at the time of Druckers arrival, Mad did not regularly feature TV and movie satires, editor Al Feldstein credited Druckers style and ability for the decision to start featuring them in every issue. Meglin called Drucker number one in a field of one, charles Schulz wrote, Frankly, I dont know how he does it, and I stand in a long list of admirers. I think he draws everything the way we would all like to draw, in 2012, referring to Druckers splash page for Mads parody of The Godfather, the Comics Reporters Tom Spurgeon wrote, The way he draws James Caans eyebrow is worth some folks entire careers. In 2012, Drucker discussed his art style, and how he applied it to his Mad assignments, Ive always considered a caricature to be the complete person, not just a likeness. Hands in particular have always been a focus for me as they can be as expressive of character as the exaggerations and distortions a caricaturist searches for. I try to capture the essence of the person, not just facial features, Ive discovered through years of working at capturing a humorous likeness that its not about the features themselves as much as the space between the features
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Jack Rickard
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Original Rickard work appeared in more than 175 Mad issues as well as on many paperback covers. After attending the Rochester Institute of Technology on an art scholarship and he contributed to Charlton Comics and worked as an assistant on the Lil Abner comic strip. Soon after, he became a mainstay in the advertising field and he began illustrating for the humor magazine in 1961. In 1966–1967, he collaborated with Mell Lazarus on a comic strip. Lazarus used the pseudonym Fulton on this strip, which followed the misadventures of secret agent McPeril. Mad editor Nick Meglin commented, I think of all the artists weve had, Jack had so many styles, such a total command of all techniques. He was especially useful when we wanted something to have a real rounded, after the 1980 death of Norman Mingo, Rickard became Mads main cover artist until his own death three years later. He also illustrated for the original Mad paperbacks, including Frank Jacobs Mad About Sports, some of his Mad work was reprinted in Richard Linklaters Dazed and Confused, Teenage Nostalgia. Instant and Cool 70s Memorabilia, a tie-in with Linklaters 1993 film, Rickards style was in demand for movie promotions. He created both the movie poster for Bob & Carol & Ted & Alice and its parody on the cover of Mad #137. Complete list of Jack Rickards Mad contributions American Art Archives, Jack Rickard Weirdos Corner
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Plan 9 from Outer Space
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The film also posthumously bills Bela Lugosi as a star. Plan 9 from Outer Space was released theatrically in 1959 by Distributors Corporation of America, the storyline concerns extraterrestrials who are seeking to stop humanity from creating a doomsday weapon that could destroy the universe. The aliens implement Plan 9, a scheme to resurrect the Earths dead, by causing chaos, the aliens hope the crisis will force humanity to listen to them. If not, the aliens then destroy mankind with armies of the undead. Plan 9 from Outer Space played on television in relative obscurity until 1980, Wood and his film were posthumously given two Golden Turkey Awards for Worst Director Ever and Worst Film. At the funeral of an Old Mans wife, mourners are gathered by an open grave, overhead, an airliner is heading toward Burbank, California. The pilot Jeff Trent and his co-pilot Danny are blinded by a bright light and they look outside and see a flying saucer. The pilots follow the flight until it lands at the graveyard. At his home, lost in his thoughts of grief, the Old Man goes outside, mourners at the Old Mans funeral later discover the dead gravediggers. Inspector Daniel Clay and other officers arrive, but Clay goes off alone to continue his investigation. Jeff Trent and his wife Paula, who live near the graveyard, hear the sirens, a powerful swooshing noise then knocks everyone to the ground at both the Trent residence and the nearby graveyard as a saucer lands. Police Inspector Clay then encounters the zombie and the reanimated corpse of the Old Man. Newspaper headlines continue to report saucer sightings over Hollywood Boulevard, while a trio of saucers flies over Los Angeles. In Washington, D. C. the military fire missiles at more saucers, while the Chief of Saucer Operations, Col. Thomas Edwards and he mentions that one small town was annihilated, hinting at a secret history of other encounters. The aliens return to their Space Station 7, commander Eros informs their Ruler that he has been unsuccessful in contacting Earths governments. To force their acknowledgment, Eros recommends implementing Plan 9, which will resurrect recently human dead by stimulating their pituitary, meanwhile, Trent, about to leave on another flight, is concerned for his wifes safety. He urges her to stay with her mother, but she insists on staying home and that night, the zombie Old Man rises and breaks into their house. He pursues Paula outside and is joined by his zombie wife, Paula barely escapes, but then collapses after her ordeal
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Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
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Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios Inc. is an American media company, involved primarily in the production and distribution of feature films and television programs. Its headquarters are in Beverly Hills, California and it is one of the worlds oldest film studios. In 1971, it was announced that MGM would merge with 20th Century Fox, over the next thirty-nine years, the studio was bought and sold at various points in its history until, on November 3,2010, MGM filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy. MGM Resorts International, a Las Vegas-based hotel and casino company listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol MGM, is not currently affiliated with Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. In 1966, MGM was sold to Canadian investor Edgar Bronfman Sr. whose son Edgar Jr. would later buy Universal Studios, the studio continued to produce five to six films a year that were released through other studios, mostly United Artists. Kerkorian did, however, commit to increased production and a film library when he bought United Artists in 1981. MGM ramped up production, as well as keeping production going at UA. It also incurred significant amounts of debt to increase production, the studio took on additional debt as a series of owners took charge in the 1980s and early 1990s. In 1986, Ted Turner bought MGM, but a few later, sold the company back to Kerkorian to recoup massive debt. The series of deals left MGM even more heavily in debt, MGM was bought by Pathé Communications in 1990, but Parretti lost control of Pathé and defaulted on the loans used to purchase the studio. The French banking conglomerate Crédit Lyonnais, the major creditor. Even more deeply in debt, MGM was purchased by a joint venture between Kerkorian, producer Frank Mancuso, and Australias Seven Network in 1996, the debt load from these and subsequent business deals negatively affected MGMs ability to survive as an independent motion picture studio. In 1924, movie theater magnate Marcus Loew had a problem and he had bought Metro Pictures Corporation in 1919 for a steady supply of films for his large Loews Theatres chain. With Loews lackluster assortment of Metro films, Loew purchased Goldwyn Pictures in 1924 to improve the quality, however, these purchases created a need for someone to oversee his new Hollywood operations, since longtime assistant Nicholas Schenck was needed in New York headquarters to oversee the 150 theaters. Mayer, Loew addressed the situation by buying Louis B. Mayer Pictures on April 17,1924, Mayer became head of the renamed Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, with Irving Thalberg as head of production. MGM produced more than 100 feature films in its first two years, in 1925, MGM released the extravagant and successful Ben-Hur, taking a $4.7 million profit that year, its first full year. Marcus Loew died in 1927, and control of Loews passed to Nicholas Schenck, in 1929, William Fox of Fox Film Corporation bought the Loew familys holdings with Schencks assent. Mayer and Thalberg disagreed with the decision, Mayer was active in the California Republican Party and used his political connections to persuade the Justice Department to delay final approval of the deal on antitrust grounds
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Grand Prix (1966 film)
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Grand Prix is a 1966 American drama film about motorsports featuring an international ensemble cast. The picture was directed by John Frankenheimer with music by Maurice Jarre and stars James Garner, Eva Marie Saint, Yves Montand, Brian Bedford, Jessica Walter, toshiro Mifune has a supporting role as a race team owner, inspired by Soichiro Honda. The picture was photographed in Super Panavision 70 by Lionel Lindon and its unique racing cinematography – in part credited to Saul Bass – is one of the main draws of the film. The film includes real-life racing footage and cameo appearances by drivers including Formula One World Champions Phil Hill, Graham Hill, Juan Manuel Fangio, Jim Clark, Jochen Rindt and Jack Brabham. Other drivers who appeared in the film include Dan Gurney, Richie Ginther, Joakim Bonnier, Bruce McLaren, One of the ten highest grossing films of 1966, Grand Prix won three Academy Awards for its technical achievements. The film was released on DVD, HD DVD, and Blu-ray Disc in May 2011, pete Aron – An American attempting to repeat past successes and overcome his reputation as a reckless, second-tier driver, he signs with the newcomer Yamura Motors. Nino Barlini – A charismatic yet arrogant Italian racer, hes Ferraris No.2 driver, being a promising rookie, subplots in the film revolve around the women who try to live with or love the racers with dangerous lifestyles. The married Sarti begins an affair with an American magazine writer, Louise Frederickson, the story concludes with one last race, its winner becoming world champion. Sartis wife, Monique, shows up just before it begins, coming face-to-face with Louise, Sartis car has technical difficulties at the races start, with the other drivers facing a close contest for first. Sarti is then killed in a spectacular crash. His racing partner, Barlini, is flagged off the course by Ferraris team leader, Manetta, while a jubilant Aron magnanimously invites Stoddard to the winners platform to join him, the shock of Sartis death takes its toll on the celebration. The film ends with Aron, alone, walking along the circuit of the final racetrack. Stoddard Ralph Michael as Mr. Director John Frankenheimer later said when he made the film he had the choice of making a Grand Hotel type picture or a Test Pilot type picture and he chose the former. Due to their contract with the German motorsports complex Nürburgring, Frankenheimer had to turn over 27 reels shot there to Sturges, Frankenheimer got ahead in schedule terms anyway, however, and McQueens project ran into a wide variety of problems. Said German race track was mentioned briefly in Grand Prix. McQueens racing film eventually took the title Le Mans, with it seeing a 1971 release, the filming process meant disrupting vital practice runs and otherwise getting in the way of the actual racers activities. The Grand Prix team initially faced a particularly lukewarm response from the Ferrari company and he received such a positive response that he gained unprecedented access, being allowed to shoot inside Ferraris production floor alongside the real racing vehicles. The director used this relationship to push other entities to help with the film-making process
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Far from the Madding Crowd (1967 film)
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Far from the Madding Crowd is a 1967 British epic drama film adapted from Thomas Hardys book of the same name. The film, starring Julie Christie, Alan Bates, Terence Stamp and Peter Finch and it marked a stylistic shift away from his earlier works exploring contemporary urban mores. The cinematography was by Nicolas Roeg and the soundtrack was by Richard Rodney Bennett and he also used traditional folk songs in various scenes throughout the film. It was nominated for one Oscar for Best Original Music Score and this engenders some disapproval from the local farming community. She employs a former neighbour, Gabriel Oak, to be her shepherd, rejected by her as a suitor, ignoring Gabriels love, Bathsheba impulsively sends a valentine to William Boldwood, a nearby gentleman farmer. When he misinterprets her capriciousness and proposes to her, Bathsheba promises to consider his offer, but she becomes enamoured of Frank Troy, a dashing cavalry sergeant. Troy was supposed to marry young Fanny Robin, a maidservant pregnant with his child, Bathsheba marries him after his return. Troy gambles away most of Bathshebas money and creates disharmony among the farmhands and he learns that Fanny has died in childbirth and is filled with remorse. He swears that he never loved Bathsheba, walks out on her, Bathsheba promises to marry Boldwood after Troy is declared legally dead. The sergeant appears at their engagement party and threatens his wife, shortly after Boldwood has been sent to prison, Gabriel tells Bathsheba that he is planning to emigrate to America. Realising how much she has always needed his quiet strength and unselfish devotion, Bathsheba consents to be his wife and persuades Gabriel to remain in Weatherbury. Julie Christie as Bathsheba Everdene Terence Stamp as Frank Troy Peter Finch as William Boldwood Alan Bates as Gabriel Oak Fiona Walker as Liddy Prunella Ransome as Fanny Robin Alison Leggatt as Mrs, the budget was $3 million, 80% of which was provided by MGM, 20% by Anglo-Amalgamated. The film was largely on location in Dorset and Wiltshire. The film is memorable for the subtly erotic scene between Sgt, Troy and Bathsheba in which he flaunts his expert skills as a swordsman in a private fencing display in a prehistoric earthwork. An enthralled Bathsheba stands immobile before him, roger Ebert found the scenes of the rural area and rural life to be splendid. They were far from the crowd whether they liked it or not. Its not simply that Bathsheba was courted by the three men in her life, but that she was courted by ALL three men in her life, the film performed well at the box office in the UK but was a commercial failure in the US. Far from the Madding Crowd received mixed to positive reviews from critics, as the film holds a 72% rating on Rotten Tomatoes based on 25 reviews
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Ice Station Zebra
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Ice Station Zebra is a 1968 Metrocolor Cold War era suspense and espionage film directed by John Sturges, starring Rock Hudson, Patrick McGoohan, Ernest Borgnine, and Jim Brown. The screenplay by Alistair MacLean, Douglas Heyes, Harry Julian Fink, both have parallels to real-life events that took place in 1959. The film was photographed in Super Panavision 70 by Daniel L. Fapp, the original music score is by Michel Legrand. A satellite reenters the atmosphere and ejects a capsule which parachutes to the Arctic, during an ice storm, a figure soon approaches, guided by a homing beacon, while a second person secretly watches from nearby. The scene shifts to Commander James Ferraday, captain of the U. S. nuclear attack submarine USS Tigerfish, stationed at Holy Loch, Scotland. He is ordered by Admiral Garvey to rescue the personnel of Drift Ice Station Zebra, however, the mission is actually a cover for a highly classified assignment. Ferraday welcomes aboard British intelligence agent Mr. Jones and a Marine platoon, the Tigerfish makes its way under the ice to Zebra’s last-known position. Ferraday decides to use a torpedo to blast an opening in the thick ice, however, the crewmen suddenly find the torpedo tube is open at both ends, killing torpedo officer Lt. Mills as seawater floods in, plunging the sub toward its rated crush depth. Jones helps to close the tube but, even so, Ferraday, during the investigation of the torpedo tube, Ferraday quickly determines that this malfunction should be impossible but Jones describes how someone could intentionally rig the tube to malfunction. Both Jones and Ferraday conclude that there is a saboteur aboard, Ferraday suspects Vaslov, while Jones suspects Anders, who is the least known member of the rescue team to Jones, Ferraday and Vaslov, and universally disliked for his strict demeanor. Jones demands Ferraday complete the mission regardless of the risk, and Ferraday refuses, at that moment, an area of thin ice is located, and Ferraday surfaces the Tigerfish. Ferraday, Vaslov, Jones, and the Marine platoon set out for the station in zero visibility. They reach Zebra to find several of its buildings burned and the nearly dead from hypothermia. Jones and Vaslov begin questioning the survivors and it becomes obvious that the two spies are looking for something. Ferraday reveals to Jones that he knows more about the mission than he is supposed to, Jones reveals to Ferraday that an advanced experimental British camera was stolen by the Soviets, along with an enhanced film emulsion developed by the Americans. The Soviets sent it into orbit to photograph the locations of all the American missile silos, however, the camera malfunctioned and continued to record Soviet missile sites as well. A second malfunction forced re-entry in the Arctic, close to Ice Station Zebra, soon after, undercover Soviet and British agents arrived to recover the film capsule, and the civilian scientists at Zebra were caught in the crossfire between them. As the weather clears, Ferraday sets his crew to search for the capsule, Jones eventually finds a hidden tracking device
34.
The Shoes of the Fisherman
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The Shoes of the Fisherman is a 1968 American drama film based on the 1963 novel of the same name by the Australian novelist Morris West. Shot in Rome, the picture was directed by Michael Anderson. He is sent to Rome, where the elderly fictional Pope makes him a Cardinal in the title of St. Athanasius. Lakota is reluctant, begging to be given a mission with simple people. When the Pontiff suddenly collapses and dies, the process of a papal conclave begins, during the sede vacante, two cardinals in particular, Cardinal Leone and Cardinal Rinaldi are shown to be papabili. Lakota takes the name of Pope Kiril, meanwhile, the world is on the brink of nuclear war due to a Chinese-Soviet feud made worse by a famine caused by trade restrictions brought against China by the United States. The evening after his election, Pope Kiril, with the help of his personal aide Gelasio, sneaks out of the Vatican, by chance, he encounters Dr. Ruth Faber, who is in a troubled marriage with a Rome-based television journalist, George Faber. Later, the Pope returns to the Soviet Union to meet privately with Kamenev, Pope Kiril realises that if the troubles in China continue, the cost could be a war that could ultimately rip the world apart. At his papal coronation, Kiril removes his tiara and pledges to sell the Churchs property to help the Chinese, a major secondary plot in the film is the Popes relationship with a controversial theologian and scientist, Father Telemond. The Pope becomes Telemonds close personal friend, but to his regret, in his official capacity. To the Popes deep grief, Father Telemond dies, Anthony Quinn as Kiril Lakota/Pope Kiril I Laurence Olivier as Piotr Ilyich Kamenev Oskar Werner as Fr. They assigned it to producer George Englund who was to write the script with Morris West, Anthony Quinn was announced as the star of the film relatively early. The original director was to be British director Anthony Asquith, Englund asked for technical advice from the Vatican but received no permission to film there so places like the Sistine Chapel had to be recreated. The papal tiara used for the scene in the film is modeled after Pope Paul VIs own papal tiara. The ending of the film was changed from the book, Morris West said, Structurally speaking Ive always thought The Shoes of the Fisherman was one of my weaker books. The script for the film is tighter, more direct and I think it says in a stronger way part of what I wanted to say in the novel. Weve come to a point in history where men - black or white, Marxist or capitalist, theyre either going to have to commit themselves to an act of love for each other or an act of hate for each other. Men on each side have to say, Look were all brothers, why do we kill each other in the streets
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Page layout
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Page layout is the part of graphic design that deals in the arrangement of visual elements on a page. It generally involves organizational principles of composition to achieve specific communication objectives, the high-level page layout involves deciding on the overall arrangement of text and images, and possibly on the size or shape of the medium. It requires intelligence, sentience, and creativity, and is informed by culture, psychology, low-level pagination and typesetting are more mechanical processes. Given certain parameters - boundaries of areas, the typeface, font size. Until desktop publishing became dominant, these processes were still done by people, the result might be published as-is or might be tweaked by a graphic designer. With manuscripts, all of the elements are added by hand, so the creator can determine the layout directly as they create the work, any images would be created by engraving. This process is called imposition, and potentially includes arranging multiple pages to be printed on the sheet of paper which will later be folded. An imposition proof might be created to check the final placement, the invention of hot metal typesetting in 1884 sped up the typesetting process by allowing workers to produce slugs - entire lines of text - using a keyboard. The slugs were the result of metal being poured into molds temporarily assembled by the typesetting machine. The layout process remained the same as with metal type. Offset lithography allows the bright and dark areas of an image to control ink placement on the printing press and this means that if a single copy of the page can be created on paper and photographed, then any number of copies could be printed. Type could be set with a typewriter, or to achieve results comparable to letterpress. The IBM Selectric Composer, for example, could produce type of different size, different fonts, with photoengraving and halftone, physical photographs could be transferred into print directly, rather than relying on hand-made engravings. Completed pages become known as camera-ready, mechanicals or mechanical art and these machines became increasingly sophisticated, with computer-driven models able to store text on magnetic tape. In addition to being used as devices for computer operators. Printers attached directly to computers allowed them to print documents directly, early dot matrix printing was sufficient for office documents, but was of too low a quality for professional typesetting. Inkjet printing and laser printing did produce sufficient quality type, with modern desktop publishing software such as flagship software Adobe Indesign and cloud-based Lucidpress, the layout process can occur entirely on-screen. A finished document can be printed as the camera-ready version
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Film poster
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A film poster is a poster used to promote and advertise a film. Studios often print several posters that vary in size and content for various domestic and they normally contain an image with text. Todays posters often feature photographs of the main actors, prior to the 1990s, illustrations instead of photos were far more common. The text on film posters usually contains the title in large lettering. It may also include a tagline, the name of the director, names of characters, film posters are displayed inside and on the outside of movie theaters, and elsewhere on the street or in shops. The same images appear in the film exhibitors pressbook and may also be used on websites, DVD packaging, flyers, advertisements in newspapers and magazines, film posters have been used since the earliest public exhibitions of film. They began as outside placards listing the programme of films to be shown inside the hall or movie theater, by the early 1900s, they began to feature illustrations of a film scene or an array of overlaid images from several scenes. Other posters have used artistic interpretations of a scene or even the theme of the film, as an economy measure, the NSS regularly recycled posters that were returned, sending them back out to be used again at another theater. During this time, a film could stay in circulation for several years and those posters which were not returned were often thrown away by the theater owner, but some found their way into the hands of collectors. Today there is a thriving market in film posters, some have become very valuable. The record price for a poster was set on November 15,2005 when $690,000 was paid for a poster of Fritz Langs 1927 film Metropolis from the Reel Poster Gallery in London. The 1931 Frankenstein six-sheet poster, of only one copy is known to exist, is considered to be the most valuable film poster in the world. Over the years, old Bollywood posters, especially with hand-painted art, have become collectors items, occasionally, rare film posters have been found being used as insulation in attics and walls. In 2011,33 film posters, including a Dracula Style F one-sheet, from 1930-1931 were discovered in an attic in Berwick, Pennsylvania, as a result of market demand, some of the more popular older film posters have been reproduced either under license or illegally. Although the artwork on reproductions is the same as originals, reproductions can often be distinguished by size, printing quality, several websites on the Internet offer authentication tests to distinguish originals from reproductions. Original film posters distributed to theaters and other venues by the movie studios are never sold directly to the public. However, most modern posters are produced in quantities and often become available for purchase by collectors indirectly through various secondary markets such as eBay. Accordingly, most modern posters are not as valuable, however some recent posters, such as the recalled Pulp Fiction Lucky Strike U. S. one sheet poster, are quite rare
