Tongzhi Restoration
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The Tongzhi Restoration was an attempt to arrest the dynastic decline of the Qing dynasty by restoring the traditional order. The harsh realities of the Opium Wars, the unequal treaties, and the mid-c
Tongzhi Emperor, after whom the restoration is named.
Qing dynasty
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The Qing dynasty, officially the Great Qing, also known as the Qing Empire or Qing China, was a Manchu-led imperial dynasty of China and an early modern empire in East Asia which existed from 1636/164
Tongzhi Restoration
…Chinese: 同治中興; pinyin: Tóngzhì Zhōngxīng; Wade–Giles: T'ung-chih Chung-hsing; c. 1860–1874) was an attempt to arrest the dynastic decline of the Qing dynasty by restoring the traditional order. The harsh realities of the Opium Wars, the unequal treaties, and the mid-century mass uprisings of the Taiping…
Manchu cavalry charging Ming infantry at the 1619 Battle of Sarhū
Coins of Hong Taiji in Manchu script
Dorgon (1612–1650)
Qing expansion and conquest of the Ming