Toowoomba is a city in the Darling Downs region of Queensland, Australia. It is 125 km (78 mi) west of Queensland's capital city, Brisbane by road. The urban population of Toowoomba as of the 2021 census was 142,163, having grown at an average annual rate of 1.45% over the previous two decades. Toowoomba is the second-most-populous inland city in the country after the nation's capital of Canberra, and hence the largest city on the Darling Downs. It is the second largest regional centre in Queensland, often referred to as the capital of the Darling Downs. It is also the council seat of the eponymously named Toowoomba Region.

William Henry Groom was an Australian publican, newspaper proprietor, and politician who served as a member of the Parliament of Queensland from 1862 to 1901 and of the Parliament of Australia in 1901.