Toronto Pearson International Airport

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"Toronto Airport", "Pearson Airport", and "YYZ" redirect here. For other airports in Toronto, see List of airports in the Greater Toronto Area. For the airfield in the United States, see Pearson Field. For the instrumental piece from the Canadian band Rush, see YYZ (instrumental).

Lester B. Pearson International Airport

Aéroport international Lester B. Pearson
Toronto Pearson Airport Logo.svg
YYZ Aerial 2.jpg
Summary
Airport typePublic
OwnerTransport Canada
OperatorGreater Toronto Airports Authority
ServesGreater Toronto
LocationMississauga and Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Hub for
Focus city for
Time zoneEST (UTC−05:00)
 • Summer (DST)EDT (UTC−04:00)
Elevation AMSL569 ft / 173 m
Coordinates43°40′36″N 079°37′50″W / 43.67667°N 79.63056°W / 43.67667; -79.63056Coordinates: 43°40′36″N 079°37′50″W / 43.67667°N 79.63056°W / 43.67667; -79.63056
Websitewww.torontopearson.com
Maps
FAA airport diagram from 2004
FAA airport diagram from 2004
YYZ is located in Toronto
YYZ
YYZ
Location within Toronto
YYZ is located in Ontario
YYZ
YYZ
YYZ (Ontario)
YYZ is located in Canada
YYZ
YYZ
YYZ (Canada)
YYZ is located in North America
YYZ
YYZ
YYZ (North America)
Runways
Direction Length Surface
ft m
05/23 11,120 3,389 Asphalt
06L/24R 9,697 2,956 Asphalt
06R/24L 9,000 2,743 Asphalt
15L/33R 11,050 3,368 Asphalt
15R/33L 9,088 2,770 Asphalt
Statistics (2018)
Passengers49,507,418
Aircraft movements474,304
Sources: Canada Flight Supplement[1]
Environment Canada[2]
Transport Canada[3]
Movements from GTAA[4]
Toronto Pearson Traffic Summary[5]

Lester B. Pearson International Airport (IATA: YYZ, ICAO: CYYZ), branded as Toronto Pearson International Airport and simply known as Toronto Pearson, Pearson Airport or Pearson is the primary international airport serving Toronto, its metropolitan area, and surrounding region known as the Golden Horseshoe in the province of Ontario, Canada. It is the largest and busiest airport in Canada,[6] the second-busiest international air passenger gateway in the Americas,[7] and the 31st-busiest airport in the world by passenger traffic, handling 49.5 million passengers in 2018.[8] The airport is named in honour of Lester B. Pearson, Nobel Peace Prize laureate and 14th Prime Minister of Canada.

Toronto Pearson is located 22.5 kilometres (14.0 mi) northwest of Downtown Toronto, with the majority of the airport situated in the city of Mississauga, and a small portion of the airfield extending into Toronto's western district of Etobicoke.[9] It features five runways and two passenger terminals along with numerous cargo and maintenance facilities on a site that covers 1,867 hectares (4,613 acres).[10]

Pearson Airport is the primary hub for Air Canada,[11] it also serves as a hub for WestJet, cargo airline FedEx Express, and as a base of operations for Air Transat and Sunwing Airlines. Pearson is operated by the Greater Toronto Airports Authority (GTAA) as part of Transport Canada's National Airports System,[12] and is the largest airport in the world with facilities for United States border preclearance.[13]

An extensive network of non-stop domestic flights is operated from Toronto Pearson by several airlines to all major and many secondary cities across all provinces of Canada;[14] as of 2019, over 75 airlines operate around 1,250 daily departures from the airport to more than 180 destinations across all six of the world's inhabited continents.[15][16][17]

History[edit]

Main article: History of Toronto Pearson International Airport

In 1937, the Government of Canada agreed to support the building of two airports in the Toronto area. One site selected was on the Toronto Islands in Downtown Toronto, which is the present-day Billy Bishop Toronto City Airport; the other site selected was an area northwest of Toronto near the town of Malton, which was originally intended to serve as an alternate to the downtown airport but instead would become its successor.[18] The first scheduled passenger flight at the Malton Airport was a Trans-Canada Air Lines DC-3 that landed on August 29, 1939.[19]

During World War II, the Royal Canadian Air Force established a base at the airport as a component of the British Commonwealth Air Training Plan. RCAF Station Malton was home to several training schools and was in operation between 1940-1946.[20]

In 1958, the City of Toronto government sold the Malton Airport to the Government of Canada, which subsequently changed the name of the facility to Toronto International Airport, under the management of Transport Canada;[21] the airport was officially renamed Lester B. Pearson International Airport in 1984, in honour of Toronto-born Lester B. Pearson, the fourteenth Prime Minister of Canada and recipient of the 1957 Nobel Peace Prize. The Greater Toronto Airports Authority (GTAA) assumed management, operation, and control of the airport in 1996, and has used the name Toronto Pearson International Airport for the facility since the transition.[22]

Terminals[edit]

Terminal 1 seen from the ramp

Toronto Pearson International Airport has two active public terminals, Terminal 1 and Terminal 3. Both terminals are designed to handle all three sectors of travel (domestic, transborder, and international), which results in terminal operations at Pearson being grouped for airlines and airline alliances, rather than for domestic and international routes.

A third public terminal, the Infield Concourse (IFC), currently acts as an extension of Terminal 3 providing additional bridged gates.

Terminal 2 was permanently closed and demolished in 2007, replaced by an expanded Terminal 1.[23]

Terminal 1[edit]

Terminal 1 Check-in Hall
Inuksuk sculptures stand in front of the departures entrance at Terminal 1.

Measuring over 346,000 square metres (3,724,000 sq ft),[24] Terminal 1 is the largest airport terminal in Canada and the 12th largest in the world by floor space. Air Canada and all other Star Alliance airlines that serve Pearson are based at Terminal 1. Emirates is the only non-alliance airline that uses the terminal.

Terminal 1 was designed by a joint venture known as Airports Architects Canada made up of Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP, Adamson Associates Architects and Moshe Safdie and Associates,[25] it contains 58 gates: D1, D3, D5, D7-D12, D20, D22, D24, D26, D28, D31–D45 (D32, D34, D36 also serve US flights and carry F designation), D51, D53, D55, D57 (also carry F designation), F60–F63, F64A–F64B, F65, F66A–F66B, F/E67–F/E81 (F68-F73 and F78-F81 serve both US and international flights but E74-E77 are international only), F59, F82-F83, and F84-F99. Two of the gates, E73 and E75, can accommodate the Airbus A380.

Along with the standard customs and immigration facilities, Terminal 1 also contains special customs "B" checkpoints along the international arrivals walkway. Passengers connecting from an international or trans-border arrival to another international (non-U.S.) departure in Terminal 1 go to one of these checkpoints for passport control and immigration checks, then are immediately directed to Pier E for departure. This alleviates the need to recheck bags, pass through security screening, and relieves congestion in the primary customs hall.[26]

An eight-level parking garage with 8,400 public parking spaces (including 700 rental car spaces) [24] across from Terminal 1 is connected to the terminal by several elevated and enclosed pedestrian walkways.[21]

Terminal 1 is home to the ThyssenKrupp Express Walkway, the world's fastest moving walkway.[27]

Terminal 3[edit]

The Grand Hall of Terminal 3

Terminal 3 is a 178,000-square-metre (1,916,000 sq ft) facility designed by B+H Architects and Scott Associates Architects Inc,[28] it is used by all SkyTeam and Oneworld airlines that serve Pearson, along with Air Transat, Etihad Airways, Pakistan International Airlines, Philippine Airlines, Sunwing Airlines, WestJet and all other airlines that are unaffiliated with an airline alliance (except Emirates, which uses Terminal 1). Terminal 3 has 46 gates: B1a-B1d, B2a, B2c, B3-B5, A6d-A6f, A7–A16, B17-B20 (also, A17-A20 for transborder flights), B22-B29, C30-C36 and B37–B41.

A five-level parking garage with 3,800 public parking spaces (including 600 rental car spaces) [24] is located directly across from the terminal along with the Sheraton Hotel, both of which are connected to Terminal 3 by an elevated pedestrian walkway.[21][29]

Since June 2018, the GTAA has used the Infield Terminal to act as an extension of Terminal 3 to provide additional bridged gates. Passengers on flights arriving or departing from gates at the Infield Terminal are transported by bus to/from Terminal 3.[30]

Infield Terminal[edit]

The Infield Terminal (IFT) was originally built to handle traffic displaced during the development and construction of the current Terminal 1,[31] its 11 gates (521 to 531) were opened gradually throughout 2002 and 2003,[32] and a business lounge was opened in 2005.[33][32] In 2009, the Infield Terminal was closed for regular operations in conjunction with the official opening of the newly constructed Terminal 1. However, the GTAA retained plans to reactivate the IFT for regular operations whenever necessary to accommodate seasonal or overflow demand.

The terminal was substantially renovated in late 2015 to serve as a dedicated terminal for incoming government-sponsored refugees of the Syrian Civil War.[34]

Further renovations were completed at the Infield Terminal in early 2018 and on June 5, 2018, the terminal was reactivated for summer operations by the GTAA to act as an extension of Terminal 3 with the purpose of providing required additional bridged gates. Passengers are transported by bus between Terminal 3 and the IFT.[30]

Due to its intermittent usage for passenger traffic, the Infield Terminal is frequently used as a location to film major motion pictures and television productions.[35]

VIP Terminal[edit]

Skyservice FBO operates an 800-square-metre (8,611 sq ft) private VIP terminal at Toronto Pearson on Midfield Road in the infield area of the airport;[36][37] the terminal handles most private aircraft arriving and departing at Pearson, providing passenger services that include 24/7 concierge, private customs and immigration facilities, personalized catering, showers, direct handling of baggage, and VIP ground transportation services.[36][38]

Infrastructure and operations[edit]

Runways[edit]

Toronto Pearson has five runways, three of which are aligned in the east–west direction, and two in the north–south direction. A large network of taxiways, collectively measuring over 40 km (25 mi) in length,[39] provides access between the runways and the passenger terminals, air cargo areas, and airline hangar areas.[40]

Cockpit view of runway 06R
Number Length Width ILS Alignment
05/23 3,389.4 metres (11,120 ft) 61 metres (200 ft) Cat. IIIa (05), Cat. I (23) East-West
06L/24R 2,955.6 metres (9,697 ft) 61 metres (200 ft) Cat. IIIa (6L), Cat. I (24R) East-West
06R/24L 2,743.2 metres (9,000 ft) 61 metres (200 ft) Cat. I (both directions) East-West
15L/33R 3,368 metres (11,050 ft) 61 metres (200 ft) Cat. I (both directions) North-South
15R/33L 2,770 metres (9,088 ft) 61 metres (200 ft) Cat. I (both directions) North-South

Airfield operations[edit]

Toronto Pearson is home to the Toronto Area Control Centre, one of seven area control centres in Canada operated by Nav Canada; the airport uses a Traffic Management Unit (TMU), located in the apron control tower at Terminal 1, to control the movement of aircraft and other airport traffic on the ground.[41] The main air traffic control tower at Pearson is located within the infield operations area of the airport.

Toronto Pearson Fire Rescue Unit 5

The airfield maintenance unit is responsible for general maintenance and repairs at Pearson.[42] During the winter months, the unit expands into a dedicated 24-hour snow removal team of more than 200 workers tasked with ensuring normal operations at the airport, as Pearson regularly experiences 110 to 130 centimetres (43 to 51 in) of total snow accumulation in a typical winter season;[43][44] the airport employs over 94 pieces of snow removal equipment, including 11 Vammas PSB series[45] and 4 Oshkosh HT-Series[46] snowplow units, and 14 snowmelters.[47]

Pearson Airport's Central De-icing Facility is the largest in the world, servicing over 10,500 aircraft each winter;[47] the six de-icing bays, covering a total area of 24 hectares (60 acres), can handle 12 aircraft simultaneously and take between 2 and 19 minutes to de-ice each aircraft dependent on factors such as active weather and aircraft specifications.[48][43]

The Greater Toronto Airports Authority (GTAA) Fire and Emergency Service maintains three stations at the airport, with more than 80 firefighters providing fire and rescue operations at Pearson,[49] they are equipped with six crash tenders as well as several pumpers, aerial ladders, and heavy rescue units.[49] The GTAA Fire and Emergency Service operates in conjunction with the Fire and Emergency Services Training Institute (FESTI), located at the northwest end of the airport grounds.[50]

Cargo facilities[edit]

Toronto Pearson handles over 50% of total international air cargo in Canada;[51] the airport has three main cargo facilities, known as Cargo West (Infield), Cargo East (VISTA), and Cargo North (FedEx).[52]

The Cargo West facility (also known as the Infield Cargo Area) is located between runways 15L/33R and 15R/33L, it is a multi-tenant facility including three large buildings with 52,600 square metres (566,000 sq ft) of warehouse space, a common use cargo apron, vehicle parking, and a truck maneuvering area. A four-lane vehicle tunnel connects the Infield Cargo Area to the passenger terminal area of the airport.[53]

The Cargo East facility (also known as the VISTA cargo area) is located north of Terminal 3; the VISTA cargo area is a multi-tenant facility of several buildings organised in a U-shape, with 29,500 square metres (318,000 sq ft) of warehouse space and an adjacent common use cargo apron.[53]

The Cargo North facility is the Canadian hub for FedEx Express; the site occupies an area on the north side of the airport lands near runway 05/23, and is home to two buildings operated exclusively by FedEx with 32,100 square metres (346,000 sq ft) of warehouse space and a dedicated cargo apron.[53]

Security[edit]

Automated passport control kiosks in Terminal 3

The Peel Regional Police is the primary law enforcement agency at Toronto Pearson;[54] the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) also maintain a Toronto Airport Detachment at Pearson, which provides federal law enforcement services.[55]

The Canadian Air Transport Security Authority (CATSA) is responsible for security screening procedures at Pearson Airport. Other government agencies with security operations at Pearson include the Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA), Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC), and Transport Canada. In addition, U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) and United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) also conduct operations at the airport to facilitate United States border preclearance.[56]

Other facilities[edit]

Pearson Airport has seven aircraft maintenance hangars, operated by Air Canada, Air Transat, Westjet, and the GTAA, which are used for line maintenance and routine aircraft inspections.[53] At the north end of the airfield are numerous independently operated hangars for charter aircraft and personal private aircraft based at Pearson, along with passenger and maintenance facilities to service them.[57]

The Greater Toronto Airports Authority maintains administrative offices on Convair Drive, near the southeast corner of the airfield. Gate Gourmet and CLS Catering Services both operate dedicated flight kitchen facilities at Pearson for airline catering services.[53] Aviation fuel (Jet A-1) is supplied by Esso Avitat and Shell Aerocentre, both located in the infield operations area of the airport.[53]

Airlines and destinations[edit]

Passenger[edit]

AirlinesDestinationsRefs
Aer Lingus Dublin [58]
Aeroméxico Mexico City [59]
Air Canada Amsterdam, Antigua, Aruba, Beijing–Capital, Bermuda, Brussels (begins May 1, 2020),[60] Buenos Aires–Ezeiza, Calgary, Chicago–O'Hare, Copenhagen, Curaçao, Delhi, Denver, Dubai–International, Dublin, Edmonton, Fort McMurray, Frankfurt, Geneva, Grand Cayman, Halifax, Hong Kong, Houston–Intercontinental, London–Heathrow, Los Angeles, Madrid, Montréal–Trudeau, Munich, New York–LaGuardia, Ottawa, Paris–Charles de Gaulle, Providenciales, Regina, Rome–Fiumicino, St. John's (NL), San Francisco, San Jose (CA) (resumes May 4, 2020),[61] Santiago de Chile, São Paulo–Guarulhos, Saskatoon, Seattle/Tacoma, Seoul–Incheon, Shanghai–Pudong, Sydney (Australia), Tel Aviv, Tokyo–Haneda, Vancouver, Vienna, Winnipeg, Zürich
Seasonal: Austin, Boston, George Town/Exuma, Honolulu, Huatulco, Ixtapa/Zihuatanejo, Milan–Malpensa, Mumbai, St. Maarten, San Juan, Shannon, Tokyo–Narita, West Palm Beach 		[62]
Air Canada Express Atlanta, Baltimore, Boston, Charlotte, Chicago–O'Hare, Cincinnati, Cleveland, Columbus–Glenn, Dallas/Fort Worth, Detroit, Fredericton (ends October 26, 2019),[63] Hartford, Indianapolis, Kansas City, Kingston (ON), London (ON), Memphis, Milwaukee, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Montréal–Trudeau, Nashville, New Orleans, Newark, North Bay, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Raleigh/Durham, St. Louis, Saint John (NB) (ends October 26, 2019),[64] Sarnia, Sault Ste. Marie (ON), Sudbury, Sydney (NS), Timmins, Washington–Dulles, Washington–National, Windsor
Seasonal: Austin, Gander, Mont Tremblant, Providence (RI), Savannah 		[62]
Air Canada Rouge Barbados, Bogotá, Cancún, Cayo Coco, Charlottetown, Deer Lake, Fort Lauderdale, Fort Myers, Fredericton (begins October 27, 2019),[63] Grenada, Havana, Holguín, Kelowna, Kingston–Norman Manley, Las Vegas, Liberia, Lima, Mexico City, Miami, Moncton, Montego Bay, Nassau, Orlando, Panama City–Tocumen, Phoenix–Sky Harbor, Port of Spain, Puerto Plata, Puerto Vallarta, Punta Cana, Québec City, St. Lucia–Hewanorra, St. Vincent–Argyle, Saint John (NB) (begins October 27, 2019),[64] Samaná, San Diego, San José de Costa Rica, Santa Clara, Tampa, Thunder Bay, Vancouver, Varadero, Victoria
Seasonal: Athens, Barcelona, Belize City, Berlin–Tegel, Bucharest, Budapest, Cartagena, Cozumel, Edinburgh, Glasgow, Kamloops, Lisbon, Manchester (UK), Nanaimo, Palm Springs, Portland (OR), Porto, Prague, Quito (begins December 8, 2019),[65] Reykjavík–Keflavík, St. Kitts, San José del Cabo, Sarasota, Venice–Marco Polo, Warsaw–Chopin, Zagreb 		[62]
Air France Paris–Charles de Gaulle [66]
Air India Delhi [67]
Air Italy Seasonal: Milan–Malpensa [68]
Air Transat Calgary, Cancún, Cayo Coco, Fort Lauderdale, Glasgow, Holguín, Lisbon, London–Gatwick, Manchester (UK), Montego Bay, Montréal–Trudeau, Orlando, Porto, Puerto Plata, Punta Cana, Samaná, Santa Clara, Vancouver, Varadero
Seasonal: Amsterdam, Athens, Barcelona, Cartagena, Dublin, Faro, Fort-de-France, Huatulco, Lamezia Terme, La Romana, Liberia, Paris–Charles de Gaulle, Puerto Vallarta, Roatán, Rome–Fiumicino, St. Maarten, Santo Domingo–Las Américas, San José de Costa Rica, San Juan, Santiago de Cuba, Venice–Marco Polo, Zagreb 		[69]
Alitalia Seasonal: Rome–Fiumicino [70]
American Airlines Charlotte, Chicago–O'Hare, Dallas/Fort Worth, Miami [71]
American Eagle Charlotte, Chicago–O'Hare, Dallas/Fort Worth, New York–JFK, New York–LaGuardia, Philadelphia, Washington–National [71]
Avianca Costa Rica San Salvador [72]
Azores Airlines Ponta Delgada
Seasonal: Terceira 		[73]
British Airways London–Heathrow
Seasonal: London–Gatwick 		[74]
Brussels Airlines Brussels (ends January 7, 2020)[75] [76]
Caribbean Airlines Kingston–Norman Manley, Port of Spain [77]
Cathay Pacific Hong Kong [78]
China Eastern Airlines Shanghai–Pudong [79]
China Southern Airlines Guangzhou [80]
Condor Seasonal: Frankfurt [81]
Copa Airlines Panama City–Tocumen [82]
Delta Air Lines Atlanta, Salt Lake City
Seasonal: Detroit, Minneapolis/St. Paul 		[83]
Delta Connection Cincinnati, Detroit, Minneapolis/St. Paul, New York–JFK [83]
EgyptAir Cairo [84]
El Al Tel Aviv [85]
Emirates Dubai–International [86]
Ethiopian Airlines Addis Ababa [87]
Etihad Airways Abu Dhabi [88]
EVA Air Taipei–Taoyuan [89]
Flair Airlines Calgary, Edmonton, Vancouver, Winnipeg
Seasonal: Halifax		 [90]
Hainan Airlines Beijing–Capital [91]
Icelandair Reykjavík–Keflavík [92]
Interjet Cancún, Mexico City [93]
KLM Amsterdam [94]
Korean Air Seoul–Incheon [95]
LOT Polish Airlines Warsaw–Chopin [96]
Lufthansa Frankfurt
Seasonal: Munich 		[97]
Pakistan International Airlines Islamabad, Karachi, Lahore [98]
Philippine Airlines Manila [99]
Sunwing Airlines Antigua, Aruba, Cancún, Cayo Coco, Freeport, Holguín, Mazatlán, Montego Bay, Orlando, Puerto Plata, Puerto Vallarta, Punta Cana, Río Hato, St. Lucia–Hewanorra, St. Maarten, San José del Cabo, Santa Clara, Varadero
Seasonal: Acapulco, Bonaire, Camagüey, Cayo Largo del Sur, Cienfuegos, Cozumel, Curaçao, Daytona Beach, Gander, Grenada, Huatulco, Ixtapa/Zihuatanejo, La Romana, Liberia, Manzanillo (Cuba), Miami, Nassau, Roatán, St. John's (NL), St. Petersburg/Clearwater, Stephenville, Tobago, Vancouver 		[100]
TAP Air Portugal Lisbon [101]
Turkish Airlines Istanbul [102]
Ukraine International Airlines Kyiv–Boryspil [103]
United Airlines Chicago–O'Hare, Denver, Houston–Intercontinental, San Francisco [104]
United Express Chicago–O'Hare, Denver, Houston–Intercontinental, Newark, Washington–Dulles [104]
WestJet Antigua, Aruba, Barbados, Bermuda, Calgary, Cancún, Cayo Coco, Charlottetown, Edmonton, Fort Lauderdale, Fort Myers, Grand Cayman, Halifax, Kelowna, Kingston–Norman Manley, Las Vegas, Liberia, London–Gatwick, Los Angeles, Montego Bay, Montréal–Trudeau, Nassau, New York–LaGuardia, Orlando, Ottawa, Port of Spain, Providenciales, Puerto Plata, Puerto Vallarta, Punta Cana, Regina, St. John's (NL), St. Lucia–Hewanorra, St. Maarten, San José de Costa Rica, Santa Clara, Samaná, Saskatoon, Tampa, Vancouver, Varadero, Winnipeg
Seasonal: Barcelona, Belize City, Cozumel, Curaçao, Deer Lake, Holguín, Huatulco, Mérida, Miami, Phoenix–Sky Harbor, Roatán (begins December 15, 2019),[105] San Juan, Sydney (NS), Victoria 		[106]
WestJet Encore Boston, Fredericton, London (ON), Moncton, Montréal–Trudeau, Nashville, Ottawa, Québec City, Thunder Bay
Seasonal: Myrtle Beach 		[106]

Cargo[edit]

AirlinesDestinationsCargo Centre
Cathay Pacific Cargo Anchorage, Hong Kong, New York–JFK VISTA
FedEx Express Calgary, Edmonton, Indianapolis, Memphis, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Montréal–Mirabel, North Bay, Sault Ste. Marie (ON), Sudbury, Timmins, Vancouver, Winnipeg FedEx
Korean Air Cargo Anchorage, New York–JFK, Seoul–Incheon Cargo West
Lufthansa Cargo Frankfurt Cargo West
Turkish Airlines Cargo Istanbul–Atatürk, New York–JFK, Shannon VISTA
UPS Airlines Louisville VISTA

Ground transportation[edit]

A UP Express train approaching Terminal 1 station
The Link Train approaching Terminal 1 station
A passenger boards a TTC route 300B Bloor–Danforth bus at Terminal 1
A GO Transit coach at Terminal 1

Train[edit]

Bus[edit]

Taxi[edit]

Taxicabs and limousines can be accessed at designated taxi stands located outside of both Terminal 1 and Terminal 3. Only official airport-licensed taxis and limousines can legally pick up passengers at Pearson,[128] and all airport-licensed taxi and limo companies use GTAA authorized flat rate fares for travel from the airport.[129][130][131]

Rideshare[edit]

Transportation network company services Uber and Lyft are available at Pearson Airport. Designated rideshare pickup zones are located at both Terminal 1 and Terminal 3. Terminal 1 pickup is from the ground level, while Terminal 3 pickup is from the arrivals level. [132]

Car[edit]

Toronto Pearson is directly accessible from Highway 427 and Highway 409 with Airport Road and Dixon Road providing local access to the airport. There are 12,200 parking spaces available in parking garages adjacent to Terminal 1 and Terminal 3,[24] in addition to several other parking lots located in the immediate area.[133]

Car rentals are available from various major car rental agencies located in the parking garages adjacent to both terminals.[134] Car rentals are also available from off-airport car rental agencies located near Toronto Pearson Viscount Station, accessible from both terminals via the Link Train.[134]

Shuttle[edit]

Toronto Pearson is served by several long-distance van and minibus shuttle operators, which provide transportation from the airport to various municipalities and regional airports throughout Southern Ontario and to select cities and towns in the U.S. states of New York and Michigan.[135]

Proposed transit hub[edit]

In February 2017, the GTAA announced a proposed transit hub to be located across from Terminal 3 that would connect with Union Pearson Express and may connect with other transit lines extended to the airport like Line 5 Eglinton LRT and GO Transit Regional Express Rail;[136] this proposal would eliminate the Link Train connecting Terminals 1 and 3 with a bridge from the transit hub to Terminal 3 and another bridge connecting Terminal 3 to Terminal 1.[136]

Statistics[edit]

Annual traffic[edit]

Annual passenger traffic at Toronto Pearson International Airport
2003 through 2018
Year Total passengers % change Domesticc % change Transborderc % change Internationalc % change
2018[137] 49,507,418 Increase 5.0% 17,860,337 Increase 2.2% 13,570,570 Increase 5.6% 18,076,511 Increase 7.6%
2017[8] 47,130,358 Increase 6.3% 17,475,217 Increase 3.4% 12,855,891 Increase 6.6% 16,799,250 Increase 9.3%
2016[5] 44,335,198 Increase 8.0% 16,906,560 Increase 6.6% 12,054,296 Increase 8.1% 15,374,342 Increase 9.6%
2015[138] 41,036,847 Increase 6.4% 15,859,289 Increase 4.4% 11,154,435 Increase 6.2% 14,023,123 Increase 8.9%
2014[138] 38,571,961 Increase 6.8% 15,192,126 Increase 5.6% 10,506,070 Increase 6.8% 12,874,220 Increase 8.3%
2013[138] 36,107,306 Increase 3.4% 14,385,001 Increase 5.4% 9,838,121 Increase 3.9% 11,884,184 Increase 0.7%
2012[138] 34,911,850 Increase 4.4% 13,646,163 Increase 4.3% 9,464,858 Increase 5.4% 11,800,829 Increase 3.7%
2011[138] 33,435,277 Increase 4.7% 13,078,513 Increase 2.7% 8,979,103 Increase 4.1% 11,377,661 Increase 7.6%
2010[139] 31,936,098 Increase 5.2% 12,730,680 Increase 0.1% 8,628,851 Increase 6.9% 10,576,567 Increase 10.6%
2009[139] 30,368,339 Decrease −6.0% 12,730,047 Decrease −7.8% 8,074,027 Decrease −8.3% 9,564,265 Decrease −1.5%
2008[139] 32,334,831 Increase 2.8% 13,812,866 Increase 0.5% 8,805,898 Decrease −0.8% 9,716,067 Increase 10.1%
2007[139] 31,446,199 Increase 2.1% 13,744,155 Increase 3.3% 8,879,180 Decrease −0.3% 8,822,864 Increase 2.8%
2006[139] 30,794,581 Increase 2.9% 13,309,531 Increase 3.1% 8,906,324 Increase 1.2% 8,578,726 Increase 4.6%
2005[139] 29,914,750 Increase 4.5% 12,906,457 Increase 2.1% 8,803,505 Increase 4.5% 8,204,788 Increase 8.6%
2004[139] 28,615,981 Increase 15.7% 12,636,748 Increase 14.6% 8,422,537 Increase 15.1% 7,556,696 Increase 18%
2003[139] 24,739,312  –––– 11,021,760  –––– 7,316,287  –––– 6,401,265  ––––
Notes
  • ^c : For operational and statistical purposes, a distinction is made between "transborder" and "international" flights at Toronto Pearson and at any other airport in Canada with United States border preclearance. A "transborder" flight is a flight between Canada and a destination in the United States, while an "international" flight is a flight between Canada and a destination that is not within the United States or Canada, and a "domestic" flight is defined as a flight within the Canadian territories only.

Incidents and accidents[edit]

  • On October 3, 1959, Vickers Viscount CF-TGY of Trans-Canada Air Lines was written off when it landed short of the runway.[140] No fatalities among the 38 on board.
  • On February 10, 1960, a Super Constellation of Trans-Canada Air Lines was seriously damaged when it overran the runway after landing in bad weather. None of the 59 passengers and crew were injured.[141]
  • On June 13, 1964, Vickers Viscount CF-THT of Air Canada was damaged beyond economical repair when it crash-landed after the failure of two engines on approach.[142]
  • The airport's deadliest accident occurred on July 5, 1970, when Air Canada Flight 621, a DC-8 jet, flew on a Montreal–Toronto–Los Angeles route. The pilots inadvertently deployed spoilers before the plane attempted landing, forcing the pilots to abort landing and takeoff. Damage to the aircraft that was caused during the failed landing attempt caused the plane to break up in the air during the go-around, killing all 100 passengers and nine crew members on board when it crashed into a field southeast of Brampton. Controversy remains over the cleanup effort following the crash, as both plane wreckage debris and human remains from the crash are still found on the site.[143]
  • On August 30, 1970, Douglas C-47 CF-JRY of D G Harris Productions was damaged beyond economic repair in a storm.[144]
  • On June 26, 1978, Air Canada Flight 189 to Winnipeg overran the runway during an aborted takeoff, and crashed into the Etobicoke Creek ravine. Two of the 107 passengers on board the DC-9 were killed.
  • On June 22, 1983, Douglas C-47A C-GUBT of Skycraft Air Transport crashed on takeoff roll at Toronto International Airport while on an international cargo flight from Cleveland Hopkins International Airport in northeastern Ohio. Both of the crew members were killed.[145]
  • On August 2, 2005, Air France Flight 358, an Airbus A340-300 (registration F-GLZQ) inbound from Paris, landed on runway 24L during a severe thunderstorm, failed to stop, and ran off of the runway into the Etobicoke Creek ravine. The rear third of the plane burst into flames, eventually engulfing the whole plane except the cockpit and wings. There were 12 serious injuries, but no fatalities; the investigation predominantly blamed pilot error when faced with the severe weather conditions.[146]
  • On May 10, 2019, Air Canada Flight 8615, a Bombardier DHC-8-300, was struck by a fuel truck while taxiing on the tarmac. Five persons were injured and the plane was deemed a write-off.[147]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

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External links[edit]

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